Device for sawing and splitting wood

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (100) for sawing and splitting wood, comprising: - a sawing device (1) for sawing off a section of wood (4) from a piece of wood (3), comprising a first receiving device (11) for receiving a piece of wood (3) to be sawn, and - a splitting device (2) for splitting a section of wood (4) into logs, comprising a splitting channel (22) with a second receiving device (21) for receiving the section of wood (4) to be split, wherein the splitting channel (22) with the second receiving device (21) is arranged downstream of the first receiving device (11). According to the invention, the splitting channel (22) is arranged at an angle α of greater than 0° to the horizontal when the device (100) is in its set-up state.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for sawing and splitting wood according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0002] In this context, devices for the combined sawing and splitting of wood are known from the prior art. In these devices, a section of wood is sawn off from a piece of wood using a saw blade or chainsaw and then split into logs by a splitting device in the same device. In the simplest case, the sawn-off section of wood is transferred to the splitting device by the action of gravity or by a wood manipulation unit. For example, the sawn-off section of wood falls independently, under the action of gravity, into a splitting channel of the splitting device, where the section of wood is pressed against a splitting wedge by a punch and thus split into logs.

[0003] However, the transfer of wood offcuts due to the effect of gravity between the sawing and splitting functions poses problems with irregularly shaped wood offcuts, such as irregular, heavily knotted, or very short wood offcuts with a large processing diameter. Such irregularly shaped wood offcuts often fall sideways during transfer, then lie horizontally in the splitting channel, and thus require manual intervention by the operator. Opening any protective devices and correctly positioning the wood offcuts in the splitting channel significantly impairs the device's throughput and workflow.

[0004] DE 20010048 U1 discloses a device for sawing and splitting wood. This device has a stop for the sawn-off wood section. This stop guides the wood section on its way into the splitting channel as long as the punch is in the splitting space, thus preventing the punch from pulling the sawn-off wood section back toward the sawing device against the saw blade of the splitting device. While this protects the saw blade from damage, it does not prevent misshapen wood sections from falling sideways and becoming jammed in the splitting channel. Furthermore, such manipulation devices naturally complicate the device's design and lead to increased repair and maintenance costs, which is undesirable.

[0005] The object of the invention is therefore to remedy this situation and to provide a device for sawing and splitting wood which makes it possible to make the transfer of wood from the sawing to the splitting function significantly more reliable in operation without great additional technical effort and without additional manipulation devices.

[0006] The invention solves this problem with a device for sawing and splitting wood according to the preamble of patent claim 1 with the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

[0007] According to the invention, it is provided that the gap channel is arranged inclined at an angle α of greater than 0° to the horizontal in the installed state of the device.

[0008] This design of a device for sawing and splitting wood according to the invention achieves a shift in the center of gravity of the wood sections falling into the splitting channel. In this way, the weight of the wood sections can be used to tilt them sideways and support them against the ram, allowing the wood sections to be reliably positioned in the splitting chamber for further processing through the action of gravity alone, and completely preventing them from tipping sideways or becoming sideways, which would require manual operator intervention.

[0009] In the context of the invention, the "splitting channel" is understood to mean the space in which the sawn-off wood sections are split by the components of the splitting device responsible for splitting the wood, and which, when the device is in its installed state, is delimited toward the floor or installation surface by the second receiving device. In the context of the invention, the "installed state" is understood to mean the state of the device in which the device is ready for operation.

[0010] Further advantageous embodiments of a device according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood are described in the dependent claims.

[0011] A particularly reliable way to prevent wood sections from falling over sideways or lying crosswise in the splitting channel can be achieved if the splitting channel is inclined at an angle α of 0° < α ≤45° to the horizontal.

[0012] A particularly compact device for sawing and splitting wood, in which a lateral falling over or transverse laying of wood sections in the splitting channel is particularly reliably avoided, can be provided if the splitting channel is inclined at an angle α of 5° to 15° to the horizontal.

[0013] According to a particularly advantageous variant of a device according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood, it can be provided that the splitting channel is inclined at an angle α of 10° to the horizontal.

[0014] In order to be able to split even hardened and heavily knotted wood reliably and safely with a device according to the invention, it can be provided that the splitting device comprises a splitting tool, in particular a splitting wedge, wherein the splitting tool is arranged at an end of the splitting channel remote from the sawing device at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the second receiving device and / or the splitting channel.

[0015] In order to enable a splitting process which is safe and at the same time reliable for the operating personnel in a device according to the invention, it can be provided that the splitting device comprises a stamp which can be pressed against the splitting tool, wherein the stamp is arranged on the splitting device in a reversibly adjustable manner in the direction of the splitting tool parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second receiving device and / or the splitting channel.

[0016] In order to ensure that a section of wood to be split is reliably held by the second receiving device or its support surface during a splitting process and is stabilized against possible twisting, it can be provided that the second receiving device of the splitting device comprises a support surface, wherein sections of wood to be split can be placed on the support surface and wherein the support surface has a V-shaped cross-section.

[0017] According to an advantageous variant of a device according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood, it can be provided that a transport device for transporting away split logs, in particular a conveyor belt, is arranged on a removal side of the second receiving device facing away from the sawing device.

[0018] In particular, in combination with a splitting channel inclined or rising at an angle of greater than 0° to the horizontal with a splitting tool arranged at right angles to the second receiving device, the transfer and operational reliability to the transport device for the removal of split logs, e.g. a conveyor belt, is significantly improved, since the relative angle between the splitting direction and the transport device is reduced and the height compared to the standing area is gained for trouble-free transfer to the device for removal.

[0019] According to an advantageous variant of a device for sawing and splitting wood according to the invention, particularly in combination with a transport device, the splitting channel can be arranged on the device in such a way that, when the device is in its installed state, the end of the splitting channel remote from the sawing device is farther from the installation surface than the end of the splitting channel closest to the sawing device. In the context of the invention, the "installation surface" is understood to mean the surface on which the device is installed in its operational state, i.e., stands, e.g., a floor or other suitable surface.

[0020] In order to achieve particularly small cutting widths and a comparatively low amount of sawdust in a device according to the invention, it can be provided that the sawing device comprises a saw blade.

[0021] To achieve a particularly reliable transfer from the sawing device to the splitting device, it can be provided that an imaginary intersection line of the plane of the punch in its starting position and the plane of the sawing tool, in particular the saw blade, lies approximately halfway up the punch, with the punch in its starting position occupying the position furthest from the splitting tool of the splitting device. With such a device configuration, a sawn-off, falling section of wood advantageously receives a rotational impulse into the desired end position even before contact with the splitting device or the second receiving device, which in turn promotes a reliable transfer.

[0022] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0023] The invention is schematically illustrated below in the drawings using particularly advantageous, but not restrictive, embodiments and is described by way of example with reference to the drawings.

[0024] The following shows schematically: Fig. 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood, and Fig. 2 a sectional view through the embodiment from Fig. 1 . Fig. 3 a detailed view of the section view Fig. 2 , Fig. 4 another sectional view through the embodiment from Fig. 1 , Fig. 5 the section view Fig. 4 with a schematically indicated piece or section of wood and saw blade.

[0025] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood in an oblique view from the outside. The device 100 comprises a sawing device 1 and a splitting device 2. In the Fig. 1 In the view of a device 100 according to the invention shown, the sawing device 1 and the splitting device 2, as well as a transport device, which will be discussed in more detail below, are largely concealed by covers and protective panels which serve to protect the operating personnel. Fig. 2 shows a sectional view through the device 100 from Fig. 1 .

[0026] In the exemplary embodiment, the sawing device 1 comprises a saw blade 12, specifically a circular saw blade, as a sawing tool. As an alternative to the circular saw blade, a device 100 according to the invention can comprise several circular saw blades or at least one jigsaw blade or band saw blade, or even one or more saw chains.

[0027] During operation of the device 100, a section of wood 4 is sawn off from a piece of wood 3 that is placed on the first receiving device 11 by the sawing device 1 or its saw blade 12 (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 ). In the exemplary embodiment, the first receiving device 11 is a conveyor belt onto which pieces of wood 3 are placed and automatically transported to the saw blade 12.

[0028] The sawn-off wood section 4 then falls into the splitting device 2 or into its splitting channel 22 due to the gravity acting on the piece of wood 3 (see Fig. 5 ). The splitting device 2 has a trough-shaped splitting channel 22, which comprises a second receiving device 21 and a support surface with a V-shaped cross-section (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 ). The wood section 4 falling from the sawing device 1 comes to rest on the support surface of the second receiving device 21 of the splitting device 2. The V-shaped cross-section optimally secures the wood section 4 against slipping or sliding.

[0029] In the exemplary embodiment, a splitting tool in the form of a splitting wedge is arranged at the end of the splitting channel 22 facing away from the sawing device 1. The splitting wedge is arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the splitting channel 22 or to the longitudinal axis of the second support surface 21. In the exemplary embodiment, the splitting wedge is star-shaped with one longitudinal cutting edge and two transverse cutting edges, thus producing six logs. However, the splitting wedge can also be cross-shaped with one longitudinal cutting edge and one transverse cutting edge, or even only one longitudinal cutting edge, or even comprise more than two transverse cutting edges.

[0030] In order to press the sawn-off wooden section 4 against the splitting wedge, in the exemplary embodiment a movable stamp 24 that can be pressed against the splitting wedge is arranged on the splitting device 2. The stamp 24 is arranged at an end of the splitting channel 22 on the splitting device 2 facing the sawing device 1 and can be adjusted such that it is moved reversibly in the direction of the splitting wedge, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the splitting channel 22 or the second support surface 21 relative to the longitudinal axis, starting from the end of the splitting channel 22 facing the sawing device 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the stamp 24 is guided in a guide of the splitting channel 22 and can only move towards and away from the splitting wedge. Thus, if a sawn-off wooden section 4 is located in the splitting channel 22, it is pressed against the splitting wedge by the stamp 24 and thus divided or split into six logs.

[0031] In the exemplary embodiment, the sawing device 1 has a direct-drive electric motor as the saw blade drive for the saw blade 12. Alternatively, an electric motor with a V-belt drive, an internal combustion engine with a V-belt, or a PTO transmission with a V-belt can also be provided, with a transmission optionally provided between the saw blade drive and the saw blade 12. The splitting device 2 also has such an electric motor in the exemplary embodiment. Alternatively, a common motor can drive both the sawing device 1 and the splitting device 2, each of which can be driven, for example, via a crankshaft.

[0032] If a particularly misshapen or heavily knotted piece of wood, or a short piece of wood with a particularly large cross-section, falls from the sawing device into the splitting channel, it may happen with known devices for sawing and splitting wood with a horizontal splitting channel that the piece of wood does not end up lying lengthwise in the splitting channel, i.e., with its longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the splitting channel, but rather perpendicular to it. In this case, the operating personnel must manually position the piece of wood correctly in the splitting channel, which requires interrupting work and opening any protective devices.

[0033] In order to avoid such a sideways falling over or lying across the splitting channel 22, in a device 100 according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood, the splitting channel 22 is arranged inclined at an angle of greater than 0° to the horizontal (see Fig. 2 ). The splitting channel 22 is arranged on the device 100 such that its end facing away from the sawing device 1 or further away from it is further away from the ground or the installation surface in the installed state of the device 100 than the end of the splitting channel 22 facing or near the sawing device. The specified angle is to be understood as the angle α enclosed between the horizontal and the splitting channel 22 in the installed state or in the operational state of the device 100.

[0034] In general, it is sufficient if the angle α at which the splitting channel 22 is inclined to the horizontal lies between greater than 0° and 45° in order to prevent wood sections 4 from falling over sideways or lying transversely in the splitting channel 22. From a design perspective, an angle α between 5° and 15° has proven advantageous, since the device 100 can then be designed particularly compactly and the sawn-off wood sections 4 still reliably fall correctly into the splitting channel 22. As has been shown in test experiments, the angle α can particularly preferably be 10°: In test setups, the functional improvement achieved by such a splitting channel 22 inclined at an angle α to the horizontal could be clearly demonstrated.

[0035] When transferring wood sections with a trunk diameter of 33 cm and a length of 20 cm by means of gravity, the functional test resulted in approximately 25-50 incorrect results in 100 test runs with a horizontal splitting channel, as is provided for in known sawing and splitting devices.

[0036] In a device 100 according to the invention for sawing and splitting wood with a splitting channel 22 rising at an angle α = 10° or arranged horizontally, however, only 0-1 incorrect results were obtained in 100 test runs.

[0037] As in Fig. 3 As can be seen, in the exemplary embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention, the punch 24 and the saw blade 12 are additionally arranged on the device 100 in such a way that an imaginary intersection line of the plane of the punch 22 and the plane of the saw blade 12 lies approximately halfway up the punch 24 when the punch 24 is in its starting position. The starting position of the punch 24 is the position of the punch 24 in which the punch 24 is furthest away from the splitting tool of the splitting device 2, ie the position from which the punch 24 moves towards the splitting tool or the splitting wedge.

[0038] This arrangement further improves the operationally reliable transfer from the sawing device 1 to the splitting device 2, since a sawn-off, falling wood section 4 receives a rotational impulse into the desired end position before contact with the splitting device 2 or its second receiving device 21.

[0039] As in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 As can be seen, the device 100 for sawing and splitting wood in the exemplary embodiment comprises a transport device designed as a conveyor belt 3 for the removal of split logs. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Only a portion of the transport device is shown in each case. The transport device is arranged in the region of the removal side 23 of the second receiving device 21 facing away from the sawing device 1, i.e., the end of the splitting channel 22 or the second receiving device 21 facing away from the sawing device 1. If, as previously described, a sawn-off section of wood 4 is split by the splitting device 2, the individual logs in the exemplary embodiment fall directly onto the conveyor belt 3, which serves to transport the logs away.

[0040] When combining such a transport device with an inclined splitting channel 22, the transfer and operational reliability to the transport device are advantageously significantly improved compared to known devices with a horizontal splitting channel thanks to the rising splitting channel 22 with a splitting tool arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the splitting channel 22. This is due to the fact that the relative angle between the splitting direction and the transport device is reduced and height relative to the standing surface or floor is gained for trouble-free transfer to the transport device.

[0041] Such a transport device is optional, however, and a device 100 according to the invention can also operate without such a transport device. In this case, the split logs either fall directly from the splitting device 2 or are pushed out of the splitting device 2 by subsequently split logs. Due to gravity, the logs collect on the floor or the installation surface in the region of the end of the splitting channel 22 or the second receiving device 21 facing away from the sawing device 1, and can be picked up from there, for example, manually, and transported to the destination.

Claims

1. Device (100) for sawing and splitting wood, comprising - a sawing device (1) for sawing off a section of wood (4) from a piece of wood (3), comprising a first receiving device (11) for receiving a piece of wood (3) to be sawn, and - a splitting device (2) for splitting a section of wood (4) into logs, comprising a splitting channel (22) with a second receiving device (21) for receiving the section of wood (4) to be split, wherein the splitting channel (22) with the second receiving device (21) is arranged downstream of the first receiving device (11), characterized by that the gap channel (22) is arranged inclined at an angle α of greater than 0° to the horizontal in the installed state of the device (100).

2. Device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap channel (22) is inclined at an angle α of greater than 0° to 45° to the horizontal.

3. Device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in thatthe gap channel (22) is inclined at an angle α of 5° to 15° to the horizontal.

4. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gap channel (22) is inclined at an angle of 10° to the horizontal.

5. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the splitting device (2) comprises a splitting tool, in particular a splitting wedge, wherein the splitting tool is arranged at an end of the splitting channel (22) remote from the sawing device (1) at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the second receiving device (21) and / or the splitting channel (22).

6. Device (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the splitting device comprises a stamp (24) which can be pressed against the splitting tool, wherein the stamp (24) is arranged on the splitting device (2) in a reversibly adjustable manner in the direction of the splitting tool parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second receiving device (21) and / or the splitting channel (22).

7. Device (100) according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the second receiving device (21) of the splitting device (2) comprises a support surface, wherein wood sections (4) to be split can be placed on the support surface and wherein the support surface has a V-shaped cross-section.

8. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a transport device (3) for transporting split logs, in particular a conveyor belt, is arranged on a removal side (23) of the second receiving device (21) facing away from the sawing device (1).

9. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the splitting channel (22) is arranged on the device (100) in such a way that, in the installed state of the device (100), the end of the splitting channel (22) remote from the sawing device (1) is further away from the installation surface than the end of the splitting channel (22) close to the sawing device (1).

10. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sawing device (1) comprises a sawing tool, in particular a saw blade (12).

11. Device (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that the intersection line of the plane of the punch (24) in its starting position and the plane of the sawing tool, in particular of the saw blade (12), lies approximately halfway up the punch (24), the punch (24) in its starting position being in its position furthest away from the splitting tool of the splitting device (2).

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