Shredding apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a comminution device (1) designed for comminution of feed material, comprising a comminution roller (5) rotatably mounted on a machine frame (4) and having comminution tools (3) on its outer surface (2), a counter comb (7) having counter comminution tools (6) for cooperating with the comminution tools (3) for comminution of the feed material, and a sieve device (9) arranged below the comminution roller (5) having a plurality of sieve openings (8) for sieving comminution of comminution, wherein the counter comb (7) is pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4), in particular on a first side wall (10) of the machine frame (4), and can be adjusted in the direction of the comminution roller (5) by means of an adjusting device (11), wherein the sieve device (9) is mounted on the counter comb (7) and wherein the sieve device (9) is attached to the machine frame (4),in particular, one of the further side walls (12) of the machine frame (4) opposite the first side wall (10), supports it, at least in the event of overload, and in particular, abuts it.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a comminution device designed for comminuting material. The comminution device comprises a comminution roller which includes comminution tools on its outer surface. The comminution roller interacts with a counter-comb of the comminution device. The counter-comb comprises counter-cominution tools which interact with the comminution tools to comminute the feed material. A screening device is arranged below the comminution roller. The screening device has a plurality of screen openings. The screening device is designed for screening the comminution of the feed material.

[0002] Shredding devices of the aforementioned type are known in the prior art. It is known to mount the screen basket independently of the counter-comb on the machine frame, with the counter-comb also being rigidly mounted to the machine frame. In practice, however, this embodiment regularly leads to the problem that the feed material becomes wedged in the area of ​​the counter-comb, preventing the shredding roller from rotating. The shredding of the feed material is achieved by guiding the shredding tools through the gaps formed between the counter-shredding tools. If, however, feed material becomes wedged in this or a gap, the shredding roller, in particular, can no longer rotate and / or a high torque can act on the drive mechanism of the shredding roller. This ultimately leads to an overload situation or load peaks.Such overload situations can lead to damage to the shredding device, or at the very least to significant wear and tear and high fuel consumption. If no emergency shutdown of the machine or the shredding device is provided, such an overload situation can also result in serious damage to the shredding device.

[0003] To solve the aforementioned problem, it is known in the prior art to provide a counter-comb that is pivotably mounted on the machine frame. In this embodiment, sieve elements can be arranged on the counter-comb so that the sieve elements can be pivoted with the counter-comb. This embodiment is disclosed, for example, in publications DE 20 2015 003 527 U1 and DE 20 2018 000 803 U1.

[0004] A disadvantage of the embodiments of the comminution device disclosed in DE 20 2015 003 527 U1 and DE 20 2018 000 803 U1 is that the sieve gap or the sieve openings formed between the sieve elements cannot limit the limiting particle size or the particle size separation size, or can only be specified within certain ranges. However, certain applications require a defined limiting particle size or separation size, which cannot be achieved with the known embodiments of the sieve elements.

[0005] Furthermore, certain feed materials, especially elongated, thin feed materials, cannot be reduced to the desired particle size using the known comminution process.

[0006] The object of the present invention is now to avoid or at least substantially reduce the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[0007] The aforementioned problem is solved by a comminution device according to claim 1. The dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the comminution device according to the invention.

[0008] The shredding device according to the invention is designed for shredding feed material. The shredding device comprises a shredding roller. The shredding roller has shredding tools on its outer surface. These shredding tools are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the shredding roller. In particular, shredding tools are arranged circumferentially around the entire shredding roller. These shredding tools can be described as knives or teeth and ultimately serve to shred the feed material. According to the invention, the shredding device further comprises a counter-comb. The counter-comb is designed to interact with the shredding roller. For this purpose, the counter-comb comprises counter-shredding tools that interact with the shredding tools to shred the feed material and can preferably be described as comb teeth.

[0009] The interaction between the counter-shredding tools and the shredding tools occurs, in particular, by the shredding tools being guided into the gaps formed between the counter-shredding tools. The shredding roller rotates, while the counter-comb, although pivotally mounted, is not coupled to the rotational movement of the shredding roller. The shredding of the feed material can then be achieved by rotating the shredding roller relative to the counter-comb.

[0010] Furthermore, the shredding device comprises a sieve assembly arranged below the shredding roller, having a plurality of sieve openings for sieving shredded feed material. The sieve assembly can be designed, in particular, to ensure that insufficiently shredded feed material is fed back into the shredding process and can thus be lifted again by the shredding tools, which rotate with the shredding roller, and fed back into the shredding gap between the shredding tools and the counter-shredding tools for further shredding.

[0011] According to the invention, the counter comb is pivotably mounted on the machine frame. A pivotable mounting on the machine frame is particularly useful for absorbing high moments acting on the shredding device, especially when material becomes wedged between the counter-shredding tools and the shredding tools. This pivotable mounting can thus reduce fuel consumption and wear during operation. A pivoting behavior of the counter comb adapted to the specific load situation can preferably be provided. An adjusting device can be provided for pivoting. In this context, the counter comb can be engaged and / or disengaged in the direction of the shredding roller by means of an adjusting device. The adjusting device can preferably be designed for pivoting.The adjusting device ultimately allows the counter-comb to be spring-mounted and / or movable on the machine frame.

[0012] In the event of a high load acting on the counter comb, particularly due to wedging of the feed material, the adjusting device can be designed to remove the counter comb from the shredding roller. As soon as this moment or force no longer acts on the counter comb, the adjusting device can again be designed to reposition the counter comb against the shredding roller.

[0013] The screening unit is mounted on the counter-comb. Additionally, the screening unit is supported by the machine frame, at least in the event of overload and / or peak loads; in particular, the screening unit strikes the machine frame in the event of overload and / or peak loads. The terms "overload" and "peak loads" can be used synonymously. At least when particularly high process forces act on the screening unit and / or the counter-comb, the screening unit is supported by the machine frame in addition to its mounting on the counter-comb. Specifically, the counter-comb is mounted on a first side wall of the machine frame, and the screening unit is also supported on the first side wall via the counter-comb. The screening unit may, in turn, be supported on another side wall of the machine frame opposite the first side wall.

[0014] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, it is provided that the first and the further side wall are longitudinal sides of the machine frame, each of which in particular has a longitudinal extension in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation of the comminution roller.

[0015] In this context, it is understood that the screening device can be mounted or supported directly or indirectly on the counter-comb. The screening device can also be supported directly or indirectly on the machine frame, at least in the case of overload. It is particularly preferred that, in the operating state, the screening device always rests against a wall, especially another side wall, of the machine frame, thus enabling, in particular, a surface-level support.

[0016] By supporting the screening unit on the machine frame, the process forces acting on the counter-comb due to the screening unit can be reduced. In particular, a portion of the weight or process forces originating from the screening unit can be transferred directly into the machine frame via the support. The positioning device, which ultimately supports the counter-comb and thus also holds the screening unit in a specific position, is therefore subjected to less stress, which is particularly advantageous with regard to the temperature within the positioning device and also with regard to energy consumption.

[0017] It is particularly preferred that the stop area of ​​the sieving device, which abuts the machine frame, has no sieve openings and can, in particular, form the non-sieving section of the sieving device.

[0018] Furthermore, the support, particularly on the wider side wall, ensures that the screening unit always provides a sufficiently large screening area for the shredding roller, even if the counter comb should deflect under peak loads. By abutting the wider side wall opposite the first side wall, where the counter comb is mounted, it is also ensured that the area of ​​the screening unit located below the shredding roller can be used for screening without any unplanned large gaps.

[0019] Ultimately, the comminution forces can be transferred to the supporting structure of the machine frame or the supporting structure of the comminution chamber at the surface where the sieving device abuts the machine frame. Shifting the contact point or surface of the sieving device on the other side wall compensates for the movement of the comb. Preferably, the sieving device is neither bonded nor frictionally connected to the other side wall, but rather abuts it, although the contact point or surface is variable.

[0020] Furthermore, the use of the large number of sieve openings, especially closed ones, can improve the comminution quality with a defined separation particle size, in particular by achieving a defined particle size depending on the hole geometry of the sieve openings.

[0021] Furthermore, by positioning the screening unit against the wider side wall, it can be ensured that if the counter-comb opens or swings out in an overload situation, the material clump or the shredded material can be fed back into the shredding process. This leads to energy cost savings and also to reduced wear on the shredding device.

[0022] In particular, "supporting at least in the case of overload" is to be understood as meaning that the screening device can rest against the further side wall at least in the case of overload, preferably always during the use of the crushing device (i.e. not only in the case of overload, but in the usage situation), in such a way that the weight force of the screening device can be introduced into the further side wall and / or the further side wall absorbs the weight force of the screening device by resting against it.

[0023] Furthermore, the large number of sieve openings allows for a defined grain size of the separated grain to be specified, particularly depending on the geometry of the openings.

[0024] The sieve openings of the sieve device can be designed in the same or different ways.

[0025] The pivoting arrangement of the counter-comb on the machine frame allows for reduced peak loads and, in particular, prevents overloads that could damage the shredding device. This reduces wear on the counter-comb. Furthermore, the pivoting arrangement of the counter-comb reduces the energy consumption of the entire shredding device compared to shredding devices known from the prior art.

[0026] In particular, the counter-comb has a pivoting section mounted on the machine frame so as to be pivotable via a pivot axis, and a comb bar connected to and projecting from the pivoting section, which carries the counter-shredding tools. Preferably, the adjusting device engages with or is arranged on the rear side of the pivoting section facing away from the shredding roller.

[0027] It is particularly preferred that the counter-shredding tools are spaced apart in such a way that a shredding tool for shredding the feed material can be guided through the gap formed between two counter-shredding tools.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sieving device is connected to the counter-comb via a locking device. In particular, the locking device is connected to the counter-comb by frictional and / or positive locking. The sieving device, in turn, can also preferably be connected to the locking device by frictional and / or positive locking. The locking device allows the sieving device to be arranged on the counter-comb in a manner that is detachable, for example, for maintenance purposes. The arrangement on the counter-comb ensures that, if the sieving device is subjected to high process forces as required, these forces can be transferred both into the counter-comb or into the actuating device that engages the counter-comb, and also, due to the support on the machine frame, directly into the machine frame itself.

[0029] Preferably, the screening device comprises a preferably continuous screening element. In particular, the screening element is formed in one piece. The screening element has the screening openings of the screening device. The screening openings are in particular closed, so that the screening element can have a plurality of circumferentially closed screening openings. In particular, the screening element is curved. The curved shape of the screening element can in particular be adapted to the outer contour of the crushing roller. Accordingly, the screening element can at least partially surround and / or encompass the crushing roller.

[0030] In particular, at least one sieve opening is designed to be closed, as explained above, and in particular all sieve openings can be designed to be closed.

[0031] In the context of the present invention, a closed sieve opening is understood to be a sieve opening that has a circumferential and / or closed rim, preferably made of the same material as the sieve element, which defines the opening. Preferably, the closed sieve opening can also be described as a fully enclosed sieve opening.

[0032] The sieve opening can be rectangular, but in other embodiments it can also be honeycomb-shaped, hexagonal, strip-shaped, and / or elliptical. A rectangular or honeycomb shape is particularly advantageous because it prevents the material being sieved from becoming caught or wedged in the openings. Furthermore, the desired separation particle size or limit particle size can be determined by selecting the appropriate sieve opening, ensuring that the sieved material has the desired particle size distribution.

[0033] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screening device is suspended from the locking device via an axle. The axle is particularly designed as a one-piece component and can extend longitudinally along the crushing roller or along the axis of rotation of the crushing roller in the installed state – and thus also longitudinally along the screening device. The screening element, in turn, can be connected directly or indirectly to the axle.

[0034] Preferably, the sieve element is indirectly connected to the axle via support elements, which will be discussed in more detail below. The attachment via the axle with the locking device allows for a certain degree of mobility of the sieve assembly, particularly when the counter-comb moves, thanks to the suspended arrangement. This ensures a certain degree of mobility of the sieve assembly relative to the counter-comb, while simultaneously allowing the sieve assembly to be rigidly connected to the counter-comb. This, in turn, ensures a certain degree of flexion of the sieve assembly, especially when subjected to peak loads. This results in a wear-resistant design of the sieve assembly and, in particular, enables the long-term use of the entire shredding device.Relative mobility of the sieve assembly relative to the counter-comb is also advantageous, since the sieve assembly is already supported on the machine frame, particularly on the longitudinal side opposite the locking device. Specifically, the sieve assembly is connected to the counter-comb via the locking device at its first longitudinal section and, more importantly, on its other longitudinal side opposite the first longitudinal section, preferably at several support points and / or surfaces, to the machine frame, in particular by the sieve assembly bearing against the machine frame at a plurality of support points and / or surfaces. The support points and / or the bearing surface or the bearing area can then be varied when the sieve assembly is moved, which also makes relative movement of the sieve comb relative to the counter-comb advantageous.

[0035] Preferably, the locking device has a plurality of hook sections for gripping and supporting the axle. Each hook section can have a bearing opening accessible from the outside for the axle. Thus, each hook section can have a region for arranging the axle so that the axle can rest on the hook sections. Preferably, the axle can also be lifted out of the hook sections from above, away from the substrate, while connected to the locking device, possibly after releasing appropriate fixing means. Therefore, the externally accessible bearing openings allow for a simple, detachable arrangement of the sieve assembly on the counter comb, while simultaneously ensuring relative mobility between the sieve assembly and the counter comb.

[0036] The hook sections are preferably firmly connected to a connecting plate. The hook sections and the connecting plate can be formed integrally and / or connected to the connecting plate by positive locking, material locking, and / or force locking.

[0037] The connecting plate can extend over at least 50%, more preferably between 60% and 100%, and more preferably over at least 70% of the length of the screen element, which runs particularly in the direction of the axis of rotation of the crushing roller. Thus, the support of the screen element or the screen assembly can be ensured, in particular, at least substantially over such a length of the screen assembly as is required for its secure support.

[0038] In particular, the locking device, preferably the connecting plate, can be connected to the underside of the pivot section facing the substrate and / or the screen unit by means of a plurality of connecting elements, either by frictional locking and / or positive locking, in particular by screws. A connecting element can in particular comprise a screw, a nut, and / or a locknut. The connecting elements in particular allow for a detachable arrangement of the locking device. The arrangement on the underside of the pivot section ensures that the mounting of the screen unit does not interfere with the area of ​​the counter-shredding tools, but is located below the comb bar. Furthermore, the arrangement on the underside of the pivot section ensures that the mounting is not directly on the comb bar, but on the pivot section itself, where the adjusting device engages.This also leads to a design of the entire shredding device that is particularly resistant to wear.

[0039] The screen element is preferably connected to and / or supported by at least one support element. The support element can, in particular, be arranged below the screen element. Furthermore, the support element is arranged on the underside of the screen element facing away from the shredding roller and, in particular, is connected to the screen element and / or the screen element rests on the support element. In particular, a plurality of spaced-apart support elements can be provided to support and / or mount the screen element. The support element can extend at least substantially across the width of the screen element. The width of the screen element is, in particular, at least substantially transverse to the axis of rotation of the shredding roller. In particular, the support element can extend over at least 30%, and in particular at least 50%, of the width of the screen element.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sieve element extends, in particular, at least substantially over the entire width of the support element and preferably borders directly on the underside of the sieve element.

[0040] In further embodiments, additional elements can be arranged between the support element and the sieve element as required. However, it is particularly preferred that the respective support element directly supports the sieve element. The support element can therefore preferably be curved, at least in part, in particular adapted to the shape of the sieve element.

[0041] Furthermore, the support element can be materially bonded, in particular welded, to the sieve element.

[0042] As an alternative to welding the support element to the screen element, the screen element can be interchangeably connected to the support element(s). In this embodiment, the screen element can be connected to at least one support element, preferably the two outer support elements, via screen element connecting elements, in particular by frictional and / or positive locking. The screen element can, in particular, only be placed on and / or supported by the other support elements.

[0043] Furthermore, the support element can connect the sieve element to the axis. The support element can thus ensure the indirect support of the sieve element at the locking device and therefore at the counter comb.

[0044] The support element can therefore ensure a broad, even support for the screen element. Furthermore, the multiple support elements do not significantly impair the screen surface of the screen element, particularly since the support element can be connected to the screen element in the areas between the screen openings. Multiple support elements thus ensure the screening of material discharged from the underside of the screen element, while simultaneously supporting the screen element along its axis against the counter-comb. The direct contact of the support element with the screen element also ensures uniform support across the width of the screen element.

[0045] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, a stop means for abutting and / or supporting the machine frame is provided. In particular, the screening device has at least one, preferably one-piece, stop means for abutting and / or supporting the machine frame. The stop means can, in particular, ensure at least substantially planar support of the screening element on the machine frame. In particular, the stop means abuts the further side edge of the machine frame opposite the first side wall. In particular, the underside of the stop means, facing the ground, rests at least substantially over its entire surface against the further side wall. Accordingly, the underside of the stop means can be designed, in particular, to correspond with the contact surface of the further side wall.

[0046] In a further preferred embodiment, which is provided in particular with a replaceable sieve element, at least one stop means is guided through a recess in the sieve element.

[0047] Furthermore, it is understood that, if necessary, movement between the lifting device and the other side wall is also permitted, particularly in the case of movement of the counter-comb, so that, in particular, the bearing surface and / or the bearing point of the lifting device on the other side wall can be changed or moved as necessary, especially in the case of load peaks.

[0048] In particular, a plurality, preferably between 2 and 10, and especially between 3 and 6, of spaced-apart lifting elements are provided, each of which abuts the other side wall of the machine frame, at least partially, preferably over its entire surface, with its respective underside. The lifting elements can, in particular, be curved, at least partially, and in particular be designed to follow or correspond to the curved surface of the other side wall. In particular, the lifting element is designed to be arc-shaped, U-shaped, and / or plate-shaped, and / or, as already explained, corresponding to the contact surface of the other side wall against which the lifting element abuts and / or is supported.Accordingly, the process forces acting on the sieve device can be transmitted in particular via a surface of the lifting device in the machine frame, thereby enabling efficient support.

[0049] The lifting device can lie flat against the further side wall and / or bear against the further side wall of the machine frame over an arc angle and / or a circumferential range of at least 5° to 80°, preferably between 10° to 60°, thereby ensuring in particular efficient support.

[0050] Particularly preferably, at least one further support element of the screening device is provided for connecting the axis to the screening element. The further support element can, in particular, be arranged adjacent to the support element on the screening element and, in particular, be rigidly connected to the screening element. In particular, an alternating arrangement between the further support element and the support element is provided, so that efficient support can be ensured.

[0051] Unlike the support element, the additional support element cannot extend over a large portion of the width of the screen element, but is instead arranged on a significantly smaller area of ​​the screen element to support it. Specifically, the additional support element is only located on the upper longitudinal edge of the screen element, the edge furthest from the lifting device, or it engages with and / or rests against this upper longitudinal edge. In particular, the additional support element is firmly connected to this longitudinal edge.

[0052] The additional support element can also connect the screen element to the axis. Thus, the additional support element can also provide support for the screen element on the axis, particularly since the additional support element does not need to extend over a large portion of the width of the screen element and therefore does not need to be located below the screen surface. This prevents any impairment of the screening process. However, the additional support element can at least provide essentially point-based support, so that, in particular, displacement and / or bending of the longitudinal edge facing away from the support element during use of the screen element can be at least essentially reliably prevented.

[0053] This allows the additional support element to accommodate the sieve element and, consequently, the sieve surface at the front longitudinal edge, since high forces are ultimately present in the process and thus deformation of this longitudinal edge by the process forces can be essentially avoided.

[0054] Preferably, the axle is guided through axle openings of the support element(s) and / or the further support element(s). In particular, the axle is guided through axle openings of the multiple support elements and through axle openings of the multiple further support elements. The respective axle opening can be designed to correspond to the outer shape of the axle, so that the axle can be arranged in the axle openings of the support elements and the further support elements with at least substantially no play. The axle can thus be positively connected to the support element(s) and / or the further support element(s). The aforementioned connection ensures that the support elements are securely supported.

[0055] The axle can additionally be connected to the support elements and / or further support elements by means of a material bond and / or force bond, if required, but this is not mandatory. In particular, the axle is inserted through axle openings in the support elements and further support elements.

[0056] Furthermore, the axle can project relative to the outermost support element and / or the outermost additional support element. The outermost support element or the outermost additional support element is, in particular, a support element that is directly adjacent to only one other support element or only one other support element. This projection of the axle relative to these outermost support elements ensures that, if necessary, the axle can be placed on mounting brackets, which will be discussed later, after the locking mechanism has been released.

[0057] The locking device preferably comprises at least one fixing element. The fixing element is specifically designed for at least indirect fixing, securing, and / or positioning of the axis. In this context, the fixing element may be directly attached to the axis and / or interact directly with it. Alternatively, the fixing element may interact with other components connected to the axis, such as, in particular, the support element and / or the additional support element.

[0058] The locking device, therefore, ensures via the fixing element that even if the axle is unintentionally dislodged from the bearing openings of the hook sections, separation between the locking device and the sieve unit is prevented. This is achieved in particular by a positive locking mechanism between the fixing element and a further support element and / or a support element and / or between the fixing element and the axle, which can "stop" this movement. Thus, the relative movement between the counter comb and the sieve unit is limited via the fixing element. Ultimately, the fixing element enables the axle to be locked in the hook sections.

[0059] First, an embodiment is described in which the fixing means interacts with the support element(s) and / or the further support element(s). Subsequently, a further embodiment is described in which the fixing means interacts directly with the axis.

[0060] In particular, the fixing element can interact positively and / or force-fit with at least one support element and / or at least one further support element. An interaction between the fixing element and the support element or further support element can also ensure that unwanted migration of the axle out of the hook sections is prevented. Finally, the sieve assembly can be connected to the counter comb via the axle arranged in the hook sections.

[0061] Furthermore, the fixing means can also include a sliding section projecting from a fixing plate for moving the fixing plate. The sliding section can, in particular, be designed as a bolt and / or threaded stud or threaded stud section and is preferably connected to the connecting plate.

[0062] Furthermore, the fixing element can be positively and / or force-fit connected to the connecting plate. Ultimately, the fixing element also interacts with the connecting plate, as it ensures a connection between the sieve assembly and the connecting plate. Preferably, at least one support element and / or at least one further support element has a recess for the engagement of the fixing element, in particular for engagement of the fixing plate. In particular, all further support elements can have such a recess. If both further support elements and support elements are provided, all support elements and all further support elements can have the recess, or only some support elements and / or only some further support elements, provided that the other support elements do not counteract the locking mechanism.

[0063] In a particularly preferred embodiment, only the other support elements have a recess.

[0064] To secure the fixing element, a projection can extend from the connecting plate. Specifically, one projection is provided for each fixing element. The projection can connect the fixing element to the projection in a positive-locking and / or force-locking manner, particularly via a bolted connection. Furthermore, the projection allows the fixing element to be shifted as needed in its secured state. As previously explained, the fixing element preferably comprises a fixing plate and a sliding section, particularly a threaded rod, extending from the fixing plate. The threaded rod or sliding section can then be guided through the projection, thus ensuring a locking mechanism between the connecting plate and the support elements and / or further support elements. This locking mechanism can also be released by shifting the sliding section relative to the projection.Preferably, the fixing means can be positively and / or force-fitted to the projection, in particular via a bolted connection. The bolted connection can, in particular, comprise the aforementioned threaded rod. The threaded rod can also, if required, interact with a thread in the projection.

[0065] The following describes an embodiment of the fixing device in which the fixing device interacts directly with the axis.

[0066] In this embodiment, it is preferably provided that the fixing means directly secures the axle. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the fixing means at least partially surrounds and / or encloses the axle for securing and / or positioning purposes. In particular, the fixing means can be arranged such that the axle located in the bearing opening of the hook sections is completely enclosed in the area of ​​the hook section, namely partly by the hook section and partly by the fixing means.

[0067] Preferably, the fixing means can be detachably connected to a hook section by a force-fit and / or form-fit connection, preferably via a bolted connection. It is not necessary for exactly one fixing means to be provided for each hook section, but it is possible. In particular, a plurality of fixing means can interact with a plurality of hook sections.

[0068] In particular, this embodiment allows rotation of the axis even in the secured state, which can be used especially for a relative pivoting of the sieve device to the counter comb, preferably when opening a flap, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0069] In a further particularly preferred embodiment, at least one guide rail for guiding the fixing element, in particular the fixing plate, is provided on the underside of the connecting plate facing the sieve device. The guide rail can, in particular, have two webs arranged at least substantially parallel to each other. The guide rail thus ensures that the fixing element can engage in the recess of the support element and / or the further support element, since the displacement movement of the fixing element can be predetermined for the desired locking action.

[0070] In a further preferred embodiment, the lifting device and a support element are formed integrally as a single component. Accordingly, the support element can extend from the longitudinal side facing away from the lifting device to the lifting device itself, thus connecting the lifting device to the longitudinal side facing away from it for force transmission and transmission. This enables optimized force transmission of the process forces acting on the screening unit via the lifting devices into the machine frame.

[0071] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment, the sieving device has an extension element adjoining the sieve element. In particular, the extension element is free of sieve openings and / or is designed as a continuous, closed plate and / or is at least substantially flat. The extension element can therefore, in particular, connect to the sieve element. Preferably, the extension element is arranged on the longitudinal side opposite the axis. Furthermore, the extension element can also serve to arrange or attach the stop element, which can, in particular, project beyond the extension element. The extension element can preferably also extend to the further side wall of the machine frame and, in particular, abut and / or abut this further side wall.

[0072] The extension element can, in particular, prevent an obstruction in the material flow, so that the extension element can be used especially for transferring the material from the screen surface to the side wall or in the opposite direction during a reversing process.

[0073] In particular, the lifting device is firmly, preferably by frictional and / or positive locking, connected to the extension element. This allows the lifting device to protrude from the extension element, while simultaneously enabling force transmission into the machine frame via the extension element as required, since the extension element preferably extends to the far side wall of the machine frame and, in particular, abuts it.

[0074] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment, at least one spacer of the sieve device is provided to ensure a distance between the sieve element and the crushing roller.

[0075] In particular, two spacers spaced apart from each other are provided, which are preferably at least substantially plate-shaped and can preferably be adapted to the outer surface of the shredding roller. The spacers can, in particular, be located at least substantially directly adjacent to the outer surface of the shredding roller, and in particular, enclose a clear distance of less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, and more preferably less than 0.5 cm, when the device is not under load. In particular, the minimum distance between the shredding tools and the screen element when the device is not under load is less than 5 cm, preferably less than 2 cm, whereby the spacers, in particular, enclose a clear distance of less than 2 cm to the outer surface of the shredding roller when the device is not in use.The spacers ensure that the forces acting on the screening unit during the crushing process, which could potentially lift the unit out of its working position, cannot cause the screening element to come into contact with the crushing tools. Otherwise, there would be a risk of damage. This is prevented by the spacers.

[0076] The spacers can, in particular, be arranged at least substantially on the sieve element and, in particular, extend over at least 10%, preferably between 10% and 60%, of the width of the sieve element.

[0077] In another embodiment, the spacer can also be arranged on the extension element and / or the stop element, ensuring a distance between the screen element and the shredding roller or the shredding tools of the shredding roller. If necessary, separate spacers that would otherwise need to be provided and / or manufactured can be omitted, thereby ensuring a continuous screen surface for the screen element. In this case, the material is not obstructed by the spacers when the shredding roller rotates, resulting in higher throughput and energy savings. As previously explained, the spacing function must then be performed by another element, such as the stop elements.For example, the lifting device can be designed at one end in such a way that when the sieving device is lifted towards the crushing roller, these elements first touch the outer surface of the crushing roller and thus prevent the crushing tools from coming into contact with the sieving element.

[0078] Alternatively or additionally, the stabilizing element or another component of the screening unit, in conjunction with the counter-comb, can be designed to restrain the screening unit. Further stop surfaces at other locations, such as the end walls, are also conceivable. Ultimately, this ensures, in particular, a sufficient distance between the screening unit and the shredding roller.

[0079] In In another preferred embodiment, the function of the spacer can also be taken over by other components of the comminution device, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0080] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one stabilizing element connecting the support elements and / or the further support elements is provided adjacent to the axis. The stabilizing element can, in particular, also be designed as an axis. However, it is especially preferred that the stabilizing element does not project beyond the outer support elements or outer further support elements. Like the axis, the stabilizing element can also be guided through axial openings for the stabilizing element of the support elements and / or the further support elements, in particular wherein the stabilizing element is arranged in these axial openings with at least substantially no play. The stabilizing element can, if required, additionally be connected to the support elements and / or the further support elements by frictional, positive, and / or material-fit connection.In particular, the stabilizing element is directly unconnected to the counter-comb and preferably provides further stabilization of the screening unit. The stabilizing element is specifically not intended to interact with the locking device, but rather provides a sufficiently stable screening unit and further enables the support elements and the additional support elements to be connected to each other not via the axis, but via an additional means, namely the stabilizing element. Accordingly, the support element can also be designed as a thick-walled tube. If necessary, the support element also allows the screening unit to be lifted via the support element for maintenance and / or repair purposes.

[0081] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, the machine frame has a pivotable flap, wherein the counter comb and the sieving device are at least partially mounted on the flap, and / or, in particular, wherein the flap is arranged on the first side wall and / or forms the first side wall. The flap can be actuated, in particular, by means of comb flap cylinders.

[0082] Two embodiments for actuating the flap are described below, each of which also allows movement of the sieve device when the flap is actuated.

[0083] First, an embodiment is described in which the screening device is placed on at least one mounting element: A mounting element for opening and closing the flap for the screening device is particularly preferred. The mounting element can be connected to the machine frame, preferably in the area of ​​the end walls and / or on the first side wall. The mounting element can be provided, as required, for receiving and arranging the screening device, particularly when opening or closing the flap. In particular, two mounting elements are provided, preferably corresponding to the end faces of the counter comb. The mounting elements can be provided, in particular, for arranging and / or supporting a mounting pin or for arranging and / or supporting the section of the axle projecting from the outer support element and / or the further support element.For this purpose, the installation means may have a recess for arranging this section of the axis or for arranging an installation pin.

[0084] Accordingly, to open the flap, the locking mechanism can first be released from the counter comb and / or the screening unit can be released from the counter comb. Then the screening unit can be placed onto the mounting blocks, the flap can be swung out, and then, if necessary, the screening unit can be lifted out of the shredding chamber. For reassembly, it can also be provided that the screening unit is first placed onto the mounting blocks, then the flap is swung closed, and then the screening unit is connected to the counter comb via the locking mechanism.

[0085] For the purpose of opening or closing the flap, the mounting element can be moved, in particular by being pushed forward or out. For this purpose, the mounting element can be connected to the machine frame by means of connecting elements, which can in particular be guided through an elongated hole in the mounting element, so that, for the purposes of using the shredding device, the mounting element can be pushed back into a working position for the shredding roller and, in particular, is no longer obstructing the shredding chamber. Accordingly, the mounting elements can, in particular, serve as a support for the screening unit.

[0086] In particular, the material feed can be provided independently of the flap and / or the counter-comb. The material feed can be connected to the machine frame, especially attached to it. To crush the material, the material feed is retracted beforehand, in particular to prevent the screening unit from colliding with the material feed when it is extended.

[0087] For example, if the screening unit rests on the mounting elements or at least one mounting element and on the side wall on the other side, the flap can be closed. The screening unit can then be inserted into the hook sections by moving the counter comb with the axis and secured by the locking mechanism or the locking device described above.

[0088] Another embodiment is described below, in which the sieving device together with the counter-comb can be pulled out of the comminution chamber when the flap is opened or can be inserted into the comminution chamber when the flap is closed.

[0089] In this embodiment, it is preferably provided that the locking device does not need to be detached from the counter-comb to open the flap. Preferably, the fixing means also does not need to be detached. In this embodiment, the fixing means is particularly preferably designed according to the second embodiment described above, in which the fixing means can directly secure the axis. In In this embodiment, the rotation of the axis also allows for a possible pivoting or swiveling movement of the sieve device relative to the counter comb when the flap is opened.

[0090] Preferably, the screening unit is connected to the counter comb and supported on the machine frame in such a way that the screening unit and the counter comb can be actuated and / or moved together when the flap is opened. This allows the screening unit to be moved for installation and removal via the comb flap mechanism. During installation, the screening unit can be placed onto the open flap and connected to the counter comb using an external lifting device, such as a wheel loader or crane. Subsequently, the flap can be closed and the screening unit moved into its working position by actuating the comb flap cylinders. Closing the flap can lock the screening unit in its working position, thus eliminating the need for the previously described locking device and / or fixing means.When the flap is opened, the screening unit can be pulled out of its working position, particularly without having to detach it from the counter comb beforehand. The advantage of this is that, to remove the screening unit (for example, for repair or maintenance), the user no longer needs to disconnect the counter comb and the screening unit in the shredding chamber before opening the flap. This allows for more ergonomic operation. Furthermore, the existing actuators of the shredding device can be used for installing and removing the screening unit. In addition, this design eliminates the need to move the screening unit upwards or under the shredding roller along the side wall using an external lifting device, such as a crane or wheel loader. This movement can be initiated and / or completed by the flap itself.

[0091] Particularly preferred in this context is the provision of at least one support rail on the machine frame, especially on an end wall of the machine frame, along which the screening device can be guided and / or supported when the flap is opened and / or closed. In particular, two support rails can also be provided on both end walls of the machine frame. Preferably, the support rail has an upper limiting web facing the shredding roller and a lower limiting web opposite the upper limiting web. The upper limiting web can have at least one ramp for abutting and guiding the screening device, especially in its respective end regions.

[0092] The sieve assembly can be guided along the support rail when opening or closing the flap. Before opening the flap, it is no longer necessary to remove the fixing elements, as the fixing element interacts with the axis in such a way that the sieve assembly can pivot relative to the counter-comb when the flap is operated. The support rail can initiate this pivoting motion by allowing the sieve assembly to pivot through its predetermined positioning while maintaining its connection to the counter-comb.

[0093] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the screening device is guided between the upper and lower limiting webs by a support means, in particular projecting from the end face of the screening element. The support means is specifically designed to interact with the support rail and consequently also to pivot the screening device.

[0094] The support element may protrude in particular from the sieve element and / or the sieve element may have a recess in the area of ​​the support element and / or be set back from the support element.

[0095] Preferably, the support means can be placed on the lower boundary rib and / or be supported against it when opening and / or closing the flap.

[0096] Furthermore, the upper limiting rib can also be designed as a spacer. This spacer function is achieved by ensuring that the support element remains within the support rail even when the shredding device is in use. If the screen unit attempts to move away from the shredding roller, it will abut the upper limiting rib after overcoming a small gap. This ensures that the required distance between the shredding tools and the screen element is maintained even during operation. In particular, this eliminates the need for separate spacers that are directly connected to the screen element.

[0097] The spacer function, which can be assumed by the upper limiting rib as needed, is primarily fulfilled during operation, that is, particularly during the comminution of the material by the comminution device. Thus, the spacer function of the upper limiting rib is assumed especially during comminution. Preferably, the lower limiting rib of the support rail is only required for the installation and removal of the screening unit. During operation, specifically during comminution, the screening unit rests on and / or against the wider side wall, or is supported by and / or abuts it, thereby transferring the forces acting on the screening unit into the wider side wall.Therefore, it is particularly preferred that the lower limiting rib does not absorb the process forces during comminution, but is designed in particular only for the weight force of the sieving device and ultimately preferably serves to simplify the installation and removal of the sieving device.

[0098] Preferably, the support means is designed as a connecting element for the lifting elements, particularly as an axle. For this purpose, the support means can be guided through openings in the lifting elements and / or be positively and / or force-fit connected to the lifting elements, particularly wherein the support means is arranged within the lifting elements without play. Most preferably, the support means projects from both sides of the outer lifting elements and / or the screen element and interacts in particular with a support rail on each side.

[0099] In this embodiment, a further advantage of the support means, particularly with a screen element that is replaceable on the support elements, is that the screen element can be additionally secured by the support means. The support means can, in particular, connect the support elements not connected to the screen element to the support elements connected to the screen element via screen element connectors. Specifically, in this embodiment, the stop elements are guided through recesses in the screen element, which contributes to the further stability of the screen element, especially the replaceable one.

[0100] In further embodiments, additional screen extension elements may be arranged below the screen surface of the screen element. These screen extension elements may, in particular, be designed as webs and preferably have an L-shaped cross-section. The screen extension elements ultimately increase the depth of the screen surface, so that, in particular, elongated and excessively long material can be retained by these screen extension elements and subsequently fed to a further comminution.

[0101] The counter comb can be positioned at different angles to the shredding roller, so that ideally it only swings out in case of overload or during particularly high peak loads. This ensures the desired 1 cm distance between the screening unit and the shredding roller. The screening unit is thus continuously cleaned by the shredding tools, which improves throughput.

[0102] Furthermore, in a further embodiment of the present invention, it is particularly preferred that a guide device for the removal of crushed feed material and, in particular, for the dropping of crushed feed material onto the sieve element is provided on the counter comb below the counter-crushing tools, facing the sieve element.

[0103] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the guide device runs essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shredding roller and / or in the longitudinal direction of the counter comb and, in particular, extends at least substantially over the entire length of the shredding roller and / or the counter comb.

[0104] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, the guide device has at least one stop wall arranged between two adjacent counter-communication tools, in particular wherein the stop wall is arranged directly below the counter-communication tools and / or in particular wherein a stop wall is provided between each pair of adjacent counter-communication tools and / or in particular wherein the length of the stop wall is less than the length of at least one immediately adjacent counter-communication tool.

[0105] The guide device has been designed in particular to improve the material transfer to the screening element and, in particular, to ensure that it occurs without interference. At the same time, it also ensures that the comminution process at the counter-communication tools, which insbesondere They can be designed as comb teeth, and the material throughput of the shredding device is not affected.

[0106] Preferably, the stop wall has a first section arranged on the counter ridge and a second section adjoining the first section, wherein an angle α between 100° and 170°, preferably between 110° and 165°, and more preferably between 135° and 150°, is included between the first and second sections.

[0107] It is particularly preferred that the guiding device has a third section adjoining the second section of the stop wall, in particular a connected third section, which forms an angle γ between 70° and 110°, preferably between 85° and 95°, with at least one second section, in particular with all second sections.

[0108] Furthermore, in a further embodiment of the present invention, it is particularly preferred that the counter-shredding tools are mounted on the counter-comb via bearing bodies, in particular wherein the guide device is arranged between the bearing bodies. The bearing bodies can also be referred to as the lower bodies for the counter-shredding tools.

[0109] Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuating device comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder.

[0110] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a shredding device designed for shredding feed material. The shredding device comprises, in particular, a shredding roller rotatably mounted on a machine frame, the roller having shredding tools on its outer surface. The shredding device also includes a counter-comb with counter-shredding tools for interaction with the shredding tools to shred the feed material.

[0111] Furthermore, a screening device is provided, which is arranged below the shredding roller and is intended for screening shredded feed material. The screening device has a continuous, in particular one-piece, screening element with a plurality of, in particular closed, screening openings. The counter comb is pivotably mounted on the machine frame, in particular on a first side wall of the machine frame, and can be adjusted by means of an adjustment direction in the direction of the shredding roller. The screening device is mounted on the counter comb.

[0112] Furthermore, according to the invention, the sieve assembly is connected to the counter comb by means of a locking device in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner. The sieve assembly is suspended from the locking device via an axle, in particular wherein the locking device is provided with a plurality of hook sections for supporting the axle. The hook sections can in particular each have a bearing opening accessible from the outside for the axle.

[0113] It is understood that, in connection with the advantages of the aforementioned comminution device, reference may be made to the aforementioned explanations, which also apply equally to this embodiment of the comminution device without requiring further explicit explanation. This applies in particular to the design of the sieving device and / or the locking device, which can be transferred to the present embodiment of the comminution device.

[0114] In this equally advantageous embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention, it is only optionally provided that the sieving unit, in addition to being supported on the counter-comb, is directly or indirectly supported on the machine frame and / or abuts against it. The locking device, which enables the suspension according to the invention on the axis of the sieving unit, already ensures a secure attachment of the sieving unit in a special way, which exhibits particularly advantageous effects even without support on the machine frame, as described above. Consequently, this embodiment of the comminution device is also claimed independently.

[0115] Of course, in this embodiment, and in a particularly preferred embodiment, it can also be provided that the sieving device, in particular with at least one stop, is supported on the machine frame, especially on the further side wall, and / or abuts against it. Essential to the invention in this embodiment of the comminution device is the locking device, which ensures a positive and / or force-fit connection of the sieving device to the counter comb.

[0116] The locking device is particularly advantageous because it allows for a simple yet detachable arrangement of the screen assembly on the counter comb. Furthermore, it is beneficial that suspending the screen assembly via the axis on the locking device allows for a certain degree of relative mobility or play between the counter comb and the screen assembly, even though the screen assembly is connected to the counter comb via the axis. This enables optimal compensation of process forces.

[0117] Furthermore, it is expressly pointed out that all the aforementioned and subsequent intervals include all intermediate intervals and individual values ​​contained therein, and that these intermediate intervals and individual values ​​are to be regarded as essential to the invention, even if these intermediate intervals or individual values ​​are not specifically specified in detail.

[0118] Further features, advantages, and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing and the drawing itself. All features described and / or illustrated, individually or in any combination, constitute the subject matter of the present invention, irrespective of their compilation in the claims or their cross-reference.

[0119] It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of the in Fig. 1 The inventive shredding device shown in Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective bottom view of parts of the device shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 1 Fig. 4A shows a comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 4A a schematic perspective view of a sieve device according to the invention with a locking device arranged thereon, Fig. 4B legs a further schematic perspective view of the in Fig. 4A The sieve device shown with a locking device arranged thereon, Fig. 5A; a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a sieve device according to the invention, Fig. 5B; schematic side view of the sieve device shown in Fig. 5A. Fig. 5A The sieve device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 5C, a schematic bottom view of the sieve device shown in Fig. 5C. Fig. 5A shown sieve device according to the invention, Fig. 5. Your further schematic side view in longitudinal direction of the in Fig. 5A The sieve device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 6A. A schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a sieve device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 6B. Schematic side view of the sieve device shown in Fig. 6B. Fig. 6A The sieve device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 6C, a schematic bottom view of the sieve device shown in Fig. 6C. Fig. 6A shown sieve device according to the invention, Fig. 6. Your further schematic side view in longitudinal direction of the in Fig. 6A Fig. 7 shows a schematic perspective view of a counter-comb according to the invention with a sieve according to the invention arranged thereon, Fig. 8 shows a schematic rear view of the sieve according to the invention. Fig. 7 The parts shown, Fig. 9 a schematic perspective view of a part of a further embodiment of a comminution device according to the invention, Fig. 10 a schematic perspective view of a comminution device according to the invention without a comminution roller arranged therein, Fig. 11 a schematic bottom view of parts of a comminution device according to the invention in a further embodiment, Fig. 12 a schematic detail view of the in Fig. 11 Fig. 13 shows the installation situation of a sieve device according to the invention, Fig. 13 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a sieve device according to the invention with a locking device arranged therein, Fig. 14 a schematic perspective bottom view of the in Fig. 13 Fig. 15 shows a sieve device according to the invention with a locking device arranged thereon, Fig. 16 shows a schematic perspective view of a locking device according to the invention, Fig. 17 shows a schematic perspective view of a guide device according to the invention, Fig. 18 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a comminution device according to the invention in a first state with the flap closed, Fig. 19 shows a further schematic cross-sectional view of the in Fig. 17 Fig. 19 shows a comminution device according to the invention in a second state with the flap open and a schematic perspective representation of a further embodiment of a sieve device according to the invention.

[0120] In the Fig. 1 bis 15 An embodiment of a comminution device 1 according to the invention is shown, wherein the figures partly show different designs of certain components or different views of certain parts of a comminution device 1 according to the invention.

[0121] The Fig. 1 bis 3 show different views of the Fig. 1 The depicted shredding device 1. Fig. 4 bis 16 show different views of components of a comminution device 1, as used in Fig. 1 The diagram shows the following: Other parts of the shredding device 1 have been removed for clarity or to illustrate certain features in order to describe its operation.

[0122] The in Fig. 1 The illustrated shredding device 1 is designed for shredding feed material. The shredding device 1 comprises a shredding roller 5, on the outer surface of which two shredding tools 3 are arranged. The shredding roller 5 is mounted on the machine frame 4, and may also be rotatably mounted about a pivot axis. The rotatable mounting of the shredding roller 5 is not shown in detail in the illustrated embodiments.

[0123] The machine frame 4 is also shown only schematically, although an outer housing for the machine frame 4 may also be provided to protect the components arranged within the machine frame 4 from external influences. For the sake of clarity, this has not been shown in detail. It is therefore understood that the shredding device 1 may also include further components, such as an outer housing or the bearings for the shredding roller 5, which are not shown in detail in the figures.

[0124] Furthermore, the machine frame 4 can also comprise several walls, whereby the figures shown only depict a rear and a front end wall 47 and side walls 10, 12. At least one of the end walls 47 and / or at least one side wall 10, 12 can be designed as a fixed wall and thus, in particular, be arranged in a non-movable manner. However, removable or movable components of the machine frame 4 can also be provided as required.

[0125] In this context, it is understood that the figures primarily depict only the essential components of the machine frame 4, so that the machine frame 4 may also include further components. The shredding roller 5 is, in particular, mounted on at least one of the end walls 47.

[0126] The in Fig. 1 The depicted comminution device 1 also has a counter comb 7 for interaction with the comminution roller 5. The counter comb 5 comprises counter-combing tools 6, which interact with the comminution tools 3 to comminute the feed material. Comminution can be carried out by guiding comminution tools 3 between the counter-combing tools 6, particularly when the comminution roller 5 is rotating. A gap is thus provided between adjacent counter-combing tools 6, through which the comminution tool 3 can pass to comminute the feed material. This gap is schematically shown in the Fig. 7 As illustrated, it is understood that when the shredding roller 5 rotates, not all gaps need to be traversed by the shredding tools 3 at a single moment. In particular, the shredding tools 3 can be spaced apart around the circumference of the shredding roller 5 on the outer surface 2, so that different gaps can be traversed sequentially by the shredding tools 3. Furthermore, the shredding roller 5 is rotatably driven, thus enabling the shredding of the feed material as well.

[0127] The shredding device 1 comprises a screening unit 9 arranged below the shredding roller 5 for screening shredded feed material. The screening unit 9 can screen at least a portion of the shredded feed material. The screening unit 9 has a plurality of screening openings 8. The screening openings 8 can be identical or different in design. Fig. 5A A sieve device 9 is shown, comprising a plurality of sieve openings 10 that are at least essentially identical in construction.

[0128] The counter comb 7 can be pivotably mounted on the machine frame 4 and adjusted towards the crushing roller 5 by means of an adjusting device 11, as shown in the Fig. 1 bis 3 Show schematically. The actuating device 11 is also in the Fig. 8 The adjusting device 11 can be designed such that, if excessive forces act on the counter comb 7, it causes the counter comb 7 to pivot away from the shredding roller 5, thus increasing the distance between the counter-shredding tools 6 and the shredding tools 3. This occurs particularly when feed material has become wedged in a gap and, in particular, when rotation of the shredding roller 5 is blocked. After the blockage is released, the adjusting device 11 can, in particular, reposition the counter comb 7 against the shredding roller 5. The adjusting device 11 can therefore ensure the pivotable mounting of the counter comb 7 on the machine frame 4. The pivot axis 14 of the counter comb 7 is also, in particular, in the Fig. 2 depicted.

[0129] The Fig. 9 shows that the counter-comb 7 is mounted on the first side wall 10.

[0130] In Fig. 2 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view of the in Fig. 1 The depicted comminution device 1 according to the invention shows that the sieving device 9 is at least indirectly supported on the counter-comb 7. The sieving device 9 is further supported on the machine frame 4, which can also be referred to as the machine frame, at least in the case of overload or load peaks; in particular, the sieving device 9 then abuts the machine frame 4.

[0131] In particular, the sieve device 9 is supported on the further side wall 12 of the machine frame 4 opposite the first side wall 10, as is the Fig. 10 This is shown schematically. However, this is also evident in the cross-sectional view of the Fig. 2 shown.

[0132] Fig. 10 In this context, the figure shows the shredding device 1 without the shredding roller 5 arranged therein, so that the stop of the sieving device 9 on the machine frame 4 is visible. Thus, the Fig. 10 , that the sieve device 9 is mounted on the counter comb 7, and is also supported on the further side wall 12.

[0133] The Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows that the first and the second side wall 10, 12 form the longitudinal sides of the machine frame 4. The longitudinal sides of the machine frame 4 extend, in particular, at least substantially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shredding roller 5, and the first and second side walls 10, 12 extend with their respective longitudinal extents, in particular, in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation of the shredding roller 5.

[0134] In the Fig. 5A bis 5D and 6A bis 6D Ultimately, two different embodiments of sieving devices 9 are shown. These embodiments differ in that the sieves in the Fig. 5A bis 5D The illustrated sieve assembly 9 has sieve extension elements 45 below the sieve surface, which in particular have an L-shaped profile and preferably extend the sieve surface in depth. The sieve extension elements 45 thus prevent excessively long material, which would otherwise fit through the sieve openings 8, from being discharged through the sieve openings 8. This material can therefore be fed back into the comminution device 1.

[0135] The sieve openings 8 can, in particular, be at least essentially rectangular, as shown by the Fig. 4B shows. In In other embodiments, for example, a honeycomb-shaped, hexagonal and / or strip-shaped form is also possible in the sieve openings 8.

[0136] The Fig. 5C and 6C show that the sieve openings 8 are closed and thus spaced apart from each other.

[0137] The Fig. 5A , but also the Fig. 6A shows that the sieve device 9 has a continuous, in particular one-piece, sieve element 17 having sieve openings 8.

[0138] Other configurations of the screen openings 8 are also possible. A honeycomb structure of the screen openings 8, for example, enables optimal removal of the crushed feed material, particularly without the feed material becoming wedged in the screen openings 8. The honeycomb structure thus enables, in particular, a wear-resistant design of the screen element 17.

[0139] The in Fig. 2 The actuating device 11 shown can have at least one hydraulic cylinder for pivoting the counter comb 7.

[0140] In Fig. 13 It is shown that the sieve element 17 is curved, at least in some areas. The curvature of the sieve element 17 can, in particular, correspond to and / or be adapted to the outer contour of the shredding roller 5, at least in some areas. Thus, the curved section of the sieve element 17 can, in particular, follow the outer contour of the shredding roller 5 and be arranged, at least in some areas, below the shredding roller 5, so that the sieve element 17 can at least partially encompass and / or surround the shredding roller 5 in its lower region, as is also shown in the Fig. 11 shown schematically.

[0141] In Fig. 3 The figure shows that the sieve unit 9 is connected to the counter comb 7 via a locking device 13. The locking device 13 can in turn be connected to the counter comb 7 by frictional and / or positive locking, which in Fig. 2 is shown. Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows that the locking device 13 is connected to the underside of the counter-comb 7 via a plurality of spaced-apart connecting elements 22, which may in particular comprise a screw and / or a nut. The multiple connecting elements 22 are also located in the Fig. 12 , and especially in the Fig. 8 depicted. The Fig. 8 shows how the Fig. 7 only parts of the comminution device 1, namely the counter comb 7 and the sieve device 9 arranged thereon, both of which are further arranged on a pivotable flap 36, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0142] The Fig. 7 Figure 1 shows that the counter comb 7 has a pivoting section 15 mounted on the machine frame 4 via a pivot axis 14 and a comb bar 16 connected to and projecting from the pivoting section 15, the comb bar having the counter-shredding tools 6. The adjusting device 11 is arranged to engage the rear side of the pivoting section 15 facing away from the shredding roller 5, as shown in Figure 1. Fig. 9 shows.

[0143] The counter-shredding tools 6 are spaced apart from each other such that a shredding tool 3 can be guided through the gap formed between two counter-shredding tools 6 for shredding the feed material. A guide device 16 can also be arranged between the counter-shredding tools 6, which in Fig. 16 This is described in more detail below. This guide device 16, which ultimately serves to remove the shredded material, will be discussed in more detail below.

[0144] In Fig. 3 The figure shows that the screening device 9 is suspended from the locking device 13 via an axis 18. The axis 18 extends at least substantially over a portion of the length of the screening device 9 running in the direction of the axis of rotation of the comminution roller 5, as can be seen, for example, from the Fig. 5A und 5B , but also from the Fig. 13 und 14 as becomes clearer.

[0145] The sieve unit 9 can thus be connected to the counter comb 7 via the axis 18. For this purpose, it can be provided that the axis 18 is arranged in hook sections 19 of the locking device 13, which is shown in the Fig. 3 is shown schematically. The hook sections 19 serve to grip behind and support the axle 18, which the Fig. 3 This is well illustrated. For this purpose, the hook sections 19 each have a bearing opening 20 accessible from the outside for the axis 18 – and thus open – which is, for example, in the Fig. 15 As shown, the axle 18 can be received in the hook sections 19 when the shredding device 1 is used. Furthermore, the arrangement of the axle 18 in the hook sections 19 of the locking device 13 also ensures a releasable arrangement.

[0146] In addition to the bearing of the axle 18 in the hook sections 19, a locking of the sieve device 9 with the locking device 13 can also be provided if required, as shown schematically in the Fig. 14 This is shown. Here, parts of the locking device 13 engage in recesses of the sieve device 9, which will be discussed in more detail later.

[0147] The Fig. 15 Figure 1 shows that the hook sections 19 are firmly connected to a connecting plate 21. The connecting plate 21 can in turn be used to connect to the underside of the swivel section 15, as shown in Figure 2. Fig. 2 shows.

[0148] The connecting plate 21 can also be connected to the hook sections 19 by material bonding, form-fitting and / or force-fitting, or in further embodiments be formed integrally with them.

[0149] The connecting plate 21 can extend over at least 50%, in particular over at least 70%, of the length of the sieve element 17, which is the case, for example, in the Fig. 4B is shown.

[0150] However, the connecting plate 21 does not need to extend over the entire length of the sieve element 17, but only over the section required for attachment to the underside of the counter comb 7. Such a schematic attachment to the underside is also shown in detail in the Fig. 8 and 9 highlighting the sections or parts of a shredding device 1 in a corresponding side view.

[0151] As explained above, the locking device 19, in particular the connecting plate 21, can be connected to the underside of the pivot section 15 facing the substrate and / or the sieve device 9 by means of a plurality of connecting means 22 in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner, in particular by screws, which allows the Fig. 2 describes in more detail.

[0152] Support elements 23 can be used to support the sieve element 17. Such support elements 23 are available in the Fig. 4A bis 6D The sieve assembly 9 is shown in different embodiments. The support elements 23 are designed to support the sieve element 17. The sieve element 17 can be connected to at least one support element 23, which is arranged, in particular below the sieve element 17 and facing away from the crushing roller 5, in a force-fit, form-fit, and / or material-fit connection.

[0153] In the Fig. 19 Figure 9 shows another embodiment of a sieving device. In this embodiment, the sieve element 17 is interchangeably arranged on the support elements 23. Figure 9 shows that the sieve element 17 is arranged in a way that allows it to be replaced. Fig. 19 that the sieve element 17 is connected to at least one support element 23 via sieve element connecting means 51, in particular to both outer support elements 23. The sieve element 17 can in particular be placed on the central support elements 23, but in particular not be materially bonded to these central support elements 23.

[0154] In particular, a plurality of mutually spaced support elements 23 are provided, which the Fig. 6A in detail. In particular, the support element 23 extends over at least 30%, and especially at least 50%, of the width 24 of the sieve element 17, which is also shown in the Fig. 6A is shown. Fig. 6A even shows that the support element 23 extends over the entire width 24 of the sieve element 17 and lies directly against the underside of the sieve element 17.

[0155] Furthermore, the support element 23 can also be curved, at least in part, in particular adapted to the shape of the underside of the sieve element 17 against which the support element 23 abuts.

[0156] The support element 23 can be connected to the sieve element 17 by a material bond, in particular by welding.

[0157] The support element 23 serves to support the sieve element 17, in particular by connecting the sieve element 17 to the axis 18, which the Fig. 5A as also shown. Thus, the sieve element 17 is indirectly connected to the axis 18 via the support elements 23.

[0158] In addition to the support elements 23, further support elements 25 can also be provided, as are also found, for example, in the embodiments according to the Fig. 5A and6A These additional support elements 25 can also serve to support the sieve element 17 and, in particular, connect the sieve element 17 to the axis 18. In the Fig. 5A and 6A In the illustrated embodiment, the further support element 25 is arranged only on the upper longitudinal edge 26 of the sieve element 9, or engages with it and / or rests against it.

[0159] The Fig. 5A Figure 23 shows that the support elements 23 and the additional support elements 25 are arranged alternately with each other. However, a different arrangement is also possible. The additional support elements 25 ultimately enable the sieve element 17 to be supported without having to directly adjoin the sieve surface, thus ensuring that the sieving process is not affected.

[0160] The support elements 23 and the further support elements 25 can have axle openings for the passage of the axle 18, wherein the axle 18 can be arranged in these axle openings with at least substantially no play. Preferably, however, the axle 18 can be removed from the axle openings as required. In In further embodiments, the axis 18 can also be materially connected to the axis openings of the support elements 23 or the further support elements 25.

[0161] Accordingly, the axis 18 can be connected to the support elements 23 and / or the further support elements 25 at least by a positive locking connection.

[0162] In Fig. 5A The figure shows that the axis 18 projects from both end faces relative to the outer support element 23 or 25 (depending on whether support element 23 or the further support element 25 is the outer support element). The outer support element 23, 25 is understood to be the support element that is spaced apart from or adjacent to another support element 23, 25.

[0163] To support the screening device 9 on the machine frame 4, lifting devices 32 can be provided, which are described in detail in the Fig. 5A and in its used state in the Fig. 10 are shown. In particular, several adjacent lifting devices 32 can be provided. The lifting devices 32 are part of the screening unit 9 and therefore serve to attach and / or support it against the machine frame 4. In particular, the lifting devices 32 strike the further side wall 12 of the machine frame 4, as shown. Fig. 10 shows.

[0164] The lifting elements 32, particularly with their underside, enable a planar support against the further side wall 12, whereby, especially when the counter comb 7 pivots, relative movement between the lifting elements 32 and the further side wall 12 can also be permitted. The lifting elements 32 can be designed, in particular for optimal support and planar contact with the further side wall 12, corresponding to the contact surface of the further side wall 12. Since the further side wall 12 is curved, at least in the contact area for the lifting elements 32, it is particularly preferred that the lifting elements 32 are curved, at least in some areas, or at least in some areas arc-shaped, U-shaped, and / or plate-shaped, which allows the Fig. 4A , 5A and 6A also show in detail.

[0165] In Fig. 10 The figure shows that the lifting device 32 rests flat against the further side wall 12 and furthermore rests against the further side wall 12 over an arc angle or circumferential range between 10° and 60°.

[0166] As explained previously, the sieve unit 9 can be locked to the locking device 13 if required. Such a locking mechanism is shown schematically in the Fig. 14 in a first embodiment and in the Fig. 17 in a further embodiment. Ultimately, in the operating state, the arrangement of the sieve device 9 via the axis 18 on the counter comb 17 ensures relative rotation of the sieve device 9 and also relative movement with respect to the counter comb 7. However, this movement should preferably be restricted to prevent the axis 18 from slipping out of the hook sections 19. For this purpose, at least one fixing means 27 can be used, which is described in more detail in the Fig. 14 for one embodiment and in Fig. 17 is shown for the further embodiment.

[0167] This fixative 27 can be used according to the instructions in Fig. 14 The illustrated embodiment in particular includes a fixing plate which can engage in a recess 28 of the support element 23 or of the further support element 25, as shown in the Fig. 14 shows.

[0168] The Fig. 14 This shows that at least the additional support elements 25 have a recess 28 for the engagement of the fixing means 27, in particular a fixing plate. In particular, several fixing means 27 can be provided. One fixing means 27 can be provided for each additional support element 25, or only for some of the additional support elements. Simultaneously, some or all of the support elements 23 can be fixed by means of one fixing means 27.

[0169] Ultimately, the fixing element 27 enables a force-fit and / or form-fit connection to be achieved with the support element 23 or the further support element 25, thus allowing the sieve unit 9 to be locked to the locking device 13. The fixing element 27 is also firmly connected to the locking device 13, which, for example, Fig. 14 , but the other figures also show. For example, a projection 29 is provided on the connecting plate 21, which interacts with the fixing element 27. The fixing element 27 can, for example, have a threaded pin that can be guided through this projection 29 and can also be connected to a fixing plate. By shifting the threaded pin relative to the projection 29, the fixing plate can be moved into or out of the recess 28 as needed.

[0170] In In further embodiments, the fixing means 27 can be connected in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, for example via a bolt connection, to the projection 29 or to another means of the locking device, which is arranged on a connecting plate 21 as required.

[0171] To guide the movement of the fixing element 27, a guide rail 30 can be provided on the locking device 13, which is described in detail in Fig. 15 This guide rail 30 can have webs 31 arranged at least substantially parallel to one another. For example, the threaded pin can be arranged between these webs 31, with the fixing plate of the fixing element 27 being guided between the webs 31. The guide rail 30 can thus determine the direction of movement of the fixing element 27 and also ensure that the fixing element 27 can engage in the recess 28 of the support element 23 or the further support element 25. Such engagement is, as explained above, in the Fig. 14 depicted.

[0172] At the in Fig. 17 In the illustrated embodiment, the fixing means 27 directly secures the axis 18, such that the axis 18 is enclosed by the hook section 19 and the fixing means 27 in the area of ​​the fixing means 27. In particular, several fixing means 27 can be provided, each of which is connected, in particular, to a hook section 19. The fixing means 27 can partially surround and / or enclose the axis 18 for securing and / or positioning purposes. For this purpose, the fixing means 27 can, in particular, have two legs arranged at an angle to each other, in particular at least substantially at right angles, which enclose the axis 18. The fixing means 27 is in the Fig. 17 In the illustrated embodiment, the fixing element 27 is detachably connected to the hook section 19 by a force-fit and / or form-fit connection, in particular via two bolted connections. The fixing element 27 is specifically not directly connected to the support element 23 and / or the connecting plate 21.

[0173] During the Fig. 4A und 4B In the illustrated embodiment, the lifting device 32 and a support element 23 are formed integrally as a single component. This allows the support element 23 to merge seamlessly into the lifting device 32.

[0174] The sieve unit 9 can also have an extension element 33 adjoining the sieve element 17, which, for example, in the Fig. 4B This extension element 33 can be designed without sieve openings and, in particular, bridge the gap to the further side wall 12 and abut directly against this further side wall 12, which also allows the Fig. 10 The extension element 33 can thus enable the material to be transferred again for shredding or, if necessary, back to the screen surface, and thus ensure, even when the screen unit 9 is moving relative to the further side wall 12, that a screen surface is available below the shredding roller 5 and that no material can become jammed in the shredding chamber, for example, between the screen unit 9 and the further side wall 12. For this purpose, the extension element 33 can be designed as a continuous, closed plate, as shown in the Fig. 4A , but also the Fig. 5A shows.

[0175] At the in Fig. 5A In the embodiment shown, the extension element 33 is at least substantially planar and is arranged on the longitudinal side of the sieve element 17 opposite the axis 18.

[0176] The lifting element 32 can be firmly connected, in particular by material bonding, force bonding and / or form bonding, to the extension element 33 and / or the sieve element 17, which the Fig. 5A and 6A to demonstrate clearly.

[0177] In Fig. 19 The figure shows that the lifting elements 32 are guided through the sieve element 17, the sieve element 17 having recesses and / or openings for the lifting elements 32. In the figure shown Fig. 19 In the embodiment shown, the sieve element 17 is in particular interchangeable or detachable with the lifting means 32, in particular by the lifting means 32 not being materially bonded to the sieve element 17.

[0178] To ensure a distance between the sieving device 9 and the crushing roller 5, spacers 34 can be used, which are in the operating state in the Fig. 2 and in detail in the Fig. 4A bis 6D These spacers 34 can be arranged on the screen element 17 and ensure a distance between the screen element 17 and the shredding roller 5. In particular, the spacer 34, at least substantially in the assembled state, abuts directly against the outer surface 2 of the shredding roller 5, and encloses a clear distance of less than 5 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, with it. In particular, two spacers 34 spaced apart from each other can be provided, as also shown in the Fig. 7 shows.

[0179] In the Fig. 17 Another embodiment of a spacer 34 is shown, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0180] In addition to the axis 18, a stabilizing element 35 can be provided, which in the embodiments of the sieve device 9 described in the Fig. 4A bis 6D This stabilizing element 35 can be arranged adjacent to the axis 18 and can in particular also be designed as an axis 18, especially as a thick-walled tube.

[0181] The stability element 35 can connect the support elements 23 and / or the further support elements 25 to one another. For connection with the stability element 35, the support elements 23 or the further support elements 25 can therefore also have axial openings into which the stability element 35 can be arranged with at least substantially no play. In particular, the stability element 35 is not directly connected to the counter-comb 7, which is evident in the Fig. 3 The stability element 35, however, ensures additional stability of the screening device 9, particularly under high forces acting on the screening device 9. For this purpose, the stability element 35 can be positively connected, force-fit, and / or materially bonded to the support elements 23 and / or the further support elements 25.

[0182] It is not shown that the spacers 34 can be omitted as needed, or that the stop elements 32 additionally form the spacers 34 by being shaped at one end such that, when the screen unit 9 is lifted towards the shredding roller 5, the stop elements 32 first contact the outer surface 2 of the shredding roller 5, thus preventing the shredding tools 3 from coming into contact with the screen unit 8 or the screen element 17. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible that the stabilizing element 35 or another element of the screen unit 9 on the side of the counter comb 7, in conjunction with the counter comb 7, causes the screen unit 9 to be restrained when it is lifted by shredding forces or when lifting forces act on the screen unit 9 – further stops at other locations, such as the end walls of the machine frame 4, are also conceivable.

[0183] For maintenance purposes, the counter comb 7 can be provided with a pivoting mechanism. This is achieved by the presence of a pivoting flap 36, as shown in the Fig. 11 The flap 36 can also be referred to as a comb flap. The counter comb 7 and the sieve device 9 can be mounted, at least partially, on the flap 36. The flap 36 can be arranged on the first side wall 10 and, if necessary, in further embodiments can form the first side wall 10.

[0184] The Fig. 1 shows that the flap 36 can be actuated via comb flap cylinders, so that the flap 36 can be closed and the sieve device 9 can be moved into its working position.

[0185] To remove the screening unit 9, the flap 36 can be opened and the screening unit 9 then moved out of its working position. With the flap 36 open, the screening unit 9 can then be removed from the crushing device 1 using an external lifting device.

[0186] For the removal of the sieve assembly 9, at least one mounting means 37 can be provided. Preferably, the sieve assembly 9 is detached from the counter comb 7 before the flap 36 is opened, in particular by releasing the connecting means 22 between the locking device 13 and the counter comb 7. The sieve assembly 9 can then be placed onto the mounting means 37, in particular with the respective projecting section of the axle 18. Alternatively, mounting pins can also be provided that interact with the mounting means 37. The mounting means 37 can therefore be used to open and close the flap 36. The mounting means 37 is shown schematically, for example, in the Fig. 12 shown. Fig. 12 shows that the installation means 37 is connected to the machine frame 4 and is provided, if necessary, for receiving or arranging the sieve device 9, in particular by the installation means 37 having a recess 38 for arranging the axis 18 or an installation pin in a further embodiment.

[0187] In particular, two installation devices 37 are provided.

[0188] In Fig. 7 The schematic representation shows that the installation element 37 can have an elongated hole for relative displacement on the counter-ridge 7. For example, before opening the flap 36, the installation element 37 can be inserted into the space provided in the Fig. 7 The sieve assembly 9 can then be transferred to the position shown, after which the connecting means 22 or the locking device 13 can be released from the counter comb 7 and the sieve assembly 9 can then be placed onto the recess 38 of the mounting means 37 via the protruding section of the axle 18 or via mounting pins or the like. The flap 36 can then be swung out and the sieve assembly 9 removed.

[0189] The same procedure can be used to install the sieve unit 9. First, the sieve unit 9 can be placed on the mounting means 37 in the extended position. Then, the comb flap 36 can be pivoted closed, and a connection between the counter comb 7 and the sieve unit 9 can be re-established. This is achieved, in particular, by connecting the comb to the locking device 13. The locking device 13 then slowly moves towards the axle 18 with its hook sections 19, engages behind the axle 18, and thus supports the sieve unit 9. Once this has been done, the mounting means 37 can then be returned to a retracted position, which is not shown in detail in the figures. In In this installed position, the mounting element 37 does not obstruct the grinding chamber. A relative displacement of this mounting element 37 can therefore be ensured via the corresponding connecting elements to the machine frame 4 described above and via the elongated hole in the mounting element 37, which... Fig. 7 shows.

[0190] In the Fig. 17 and 18A further embodiment of pivoting out the screening device 9 is shown, in which the screening device 9 is connected to the counter comb 7 and supported on the machine frame 4 in such a way that the screening device 9, together with the counter comb 7, can be moved when the flap opening mechanism of the flap 36 is actuated, in particular without first being placed on mounting means 37 or without first being detached from the counter comb 7. In this embodiment, it can be provided that, for the installation of the screening device 9, it is placed onto the open flap 36 using an external lifting device, such as a wheel loader or a crane, and then connected to the counter comb 7. By actuating the comb flap cylinders of the flap 36, the flap 36 can be closed and thus the screening device 9 can be moved into its working position.Closing the flap 36 can, in particular, lock the screening unit 9 in its working position and secure it against the forces during the comminution process. In this way, the previously described locking mechanism on the counter comb 7, especially the fixing means 27, can be omitted or redesigned. To open the flap 36, the screening unit 9 is pulled out of its working position so that it can be removed from the comminution device 1 using an external lifting device. This avoids the need for the installer or user to enter the contaminated comminution chamber and position the screening unit 9 during installation. This task can now be performed ergonomically outside the comminution chamber.Furthermore, the working actuators (comb flap cylinders) from the shredding device 1 can be used for installing and removing the screening unit 9. In this embodiment, the installation means 37 are no longer required.

[0191] Fig. 17 shows the closed state of flap 36, whereas the Fig. 18 shows the open state of flap 36.

[0192] Fig. 17 Figure 1 shows that at least one support rail 46 is provided on the machine frame 4, namely, in the illustrated embodiment, on an end wall 47 of the machine frame 4. In particular, support rails 46 are provided on both opposing end walls 47. In further embodiments, one support rail 46 is sufficient.

[0193] The Fig. 17 and 18The following demonstrates that the sieve assembly 9 can be guided and / or supported along the support rail 46 when the flap 36 is opened and / or closed. The support rail 46, in particular, determines the movement of the sieve assembly 9 when the flap 36 is actuated. It is advantageous that neither the fixing element 27 nor the locking device 13 nor the connecting elements 22 need to be released to actuate the flap 36. The fixing element 27 is located in the Fig. 18 The illustration shown does not show the area where the fixative 27 is not shown, as the section was made at a point where it is not shown.

[0194] The fixing means 27 secures in particular the axis 18 directly, whereby rotation of the axis 18 in the secured state via the fixing means 27 can still be ensured, thus preventing the pivoting of the sieve assembly 9 relative to the counter comb, as described in Fig. 18 As shown, this can be achieved even in the assembled state of the fixing agent 27. This would be possible with a fixing agent 27 as described in the Fig. 14 As depicted, this is particularly not possible.

[0195] Fig. 17 Figure 46 further shows that the support rail 46 has an upper limiting web 48 facing the crushing roller 5 and a lower limiting web 49 opposite the upper limiting web 48. The upper limiting web 48 can, in particular, have a ramp at its end faces, which optimizes the movement of the screening device 9.

[0196] The upper limiting web 48 also acts – at least functionally – as a spacer 34, or is designed as a spacer 34. Additional, separate spacers 35, which must be connected to the sieve element 17, can be avoided in this embodiment, so that the [missing information] Fig. 19 The sieve device 9 shown does not have any such spacers 34.

[0197] The Fig. 19 Figure 1 shows a variant of the sieve assembly 9, which can be used in particular for pivoting the sieve assembly 9 together with the counter comb 7 when the flap 36 is actuated, as exemplified in the following. Fig. 17 and 18 is shown.

[0198] Fig. 19 shows that the screening device 9 has a support means 50 which is specifically designed to interact with a support rail 46, as shown in the Fig. 17 and 18 The support means 50 is part of the screening device 50 and is, in particular, firmly connected to the support means 32. The support means 50 (and consequently the screening device 9) is guided between the upper and lower limiting webs 48, 49, namely when the flap 36 is opened and closed.

[0199] Fig. 19 shows that the support means 50 protrudes from the front side of the sieve element 17.

[0200] In further embodiments, the sieve element 17 can have corresponding recesses in the area of ​​the support means 50, at least in the section(s) of the support means 50 that interact with the support rail 46 (in particular the end face sections of the support means 50), so that the support means 50 can engage in the support rail 46.

[0201] The Fig. 17 and 18 The illustration shows that when the flap 36 is opened and / or closed, the support means 50 rests on the lower limiting web 49 and is supported by it. This can also be provided in the operating state of the shredding device 1, thereby achieving further relief.

[0202] By striking the support means 50 against the upper limiting web 48 in the operating state, the previously described function of the spacer 34 can be achieved, whereby functionally speaking the spacer 34 is achieved by the upper limiting web 48 and by striking the support means 50.

[0203] The Fig. 19The figure shows that the support means 50 is designed as a means connecting the lifting elements 32 to one another, in particular designed as an axle. The support means 50 can be guided through openings in the lifting elements 32, and in particular can be arranged in these openings with at least substantially no play. In this way, the support means 50 can be positively and / or force-fit connected to the lifting elements 32. In the case of a replaceable sieve element 17, the support means 50 can then also perform a "dual function"—and, in addition to interacting with the at least one support rail 46, also hold the sieve element 17 in place by firmly connecting the lifting elements 32, which are in particular directly connected to the support elements 23, to one another.

[0204] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a comminution device 1 comprising a sieve device 9, a comminution roller 5 and a counter comb 7, wherein the sieve device 9 is connected to the counter comb 7 by means of a locking device 13 in a force-locking and / or form-locking manner.

[0205] In connection with this embodiment of the comminution device 1, reference may be made to the aforementioned descriptions, which apply equally to this embodiment. In this embodiment, it is not absolutely necessary for the sieving device 9 to be supported on the machine frame 4. However, this embodiment is not shown in the figures. The figures always show the support on the machine frame 4. This embodiment is nevertheless also part of the present invention.

[0206] In this embodiment, the shredding roller 5 has 2 shredding tools 3 on its outer surface. The shredding roller 5 is rotatably mounted on the machine frame 4.

[0207] Furthermore, the shredding device 1 includes the counter comb 7, which comprises counter-shredding tools 6 that cooperate with the shredding tools 3 to shred the feed material. Additionally, the sieving device 9 for sieving the shredded feed material can be arranged below the shredding roller 5. The sieving device 9 has a plurality of, in particular closed, sieve openings 8 and also a continuous, in particular one-piece, sieve element 17 having the sieve openings 8.

[0208] As explained above, in this embodiment the counter comb 7 is also pivotably mounted on the machine frame 4, in particular on a first side wall 10 of the machine frame 4, and can be adjusted in the direction of the crushing roller 5 by means of an adjusting device 11.

[0209] The locking device 13 serves to support the screening unit 9 and connects it to the counter comb 7 by means of a force-fit and / or form-fit connection. For this purpose, the screening unit 9 has an axle 18 by which it is suspended from the locking device 13. The locking device 13 may, in particular, have a plurality of hook sections 19 for engaging and supporting the axle 18. The hook sections 19 may, in particular, have a bearing opening accessible from the outside for the axle 18.

[0210] With regard to further preferred embodiments of this comminution device 1, reference may be made to the aforementioned submissions, which may apply in the same way to this embodiment.

[0211] To improve the discharge of the crushed feed material, a guide device 39 can be provided on the opposite ridge 7, which is described in detail in the Fig. 16 The guide device 39 as such is shown in the Fig. 16 shown in a schematic perspective view. The guide device 39 can be arranged below the counter-shredding tools 6, as shown in the Fig. 16 The guide device 39 can also be oriented towards the sieve element 17 and arranged or mounted on a comb bar 16, on which the counter-shredding tools 6 can also be arranged.

[0212] The guide device 39 can be provided for the discharge of crushed feed material and in particular for the discharge of crushed feed material onto the sieve element 17.

[0213] For this purpose, the guide device 39 can have an optimized shape.

[0214] The counter-shredding tools 6 can be connected to the comb bar 16 via bearing bodies 44, or each counter-shredding tool 6 can be arranged on a bearing body 44 that is connected to the counter-comb 7 and / or the comb bar 16 of the counter-comb 7, as shown in the Fig. 2 shows in detail.

[0215] The guide device 39 can be arranged such that it is interrupted by the bearing bodies 44 and has corresponding openings for this purpose, as shown in the Fig. 16 shows.

[0216] The guide device 39 can extend substantially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shredding roller 5 or in the longitudinal direction of the counter comb 7. In particular, the guide device 39 can extend at least substantially over the entire length of the shredding roller 5 and / or over the entire length of the counter comb 7. However, the guide device 39 can also extend only over a section of the length of the shredding roller 5 or the counter comb 7, which is not described in detail but may be provided for in other embodiments.

[0217] The guide device 39 can have at least one stop wall 40 arranged between two adjacent counter-shredding tools 6, which the Fig. 16 shows. The Fig. 16 further shows that a majority of the stop walls are 40.

[0218] In particular, a stop wall 40 can be arranged between two adjacent counter-shredding tools 6. The stop wall 40 can be located directly below the counter-shredding tools 6. In particular, the counter-shredding tools 6 project beyond the stop wall 40. The length of the stop wall 40 can therefore be less than the length of the adjacent counter-shredding tool 6. The length of the stop wall 40 can, in particular, be the length running parallel to the length of the counter-shredding tool 6.

[0219] In Fig. 16 It is shown that the stop wall 40 has a first section 41 arranged on the counter ridge 7. A second section 42 can be connected to the first section 41. An angle α can be provided between the first and the second section 21, 22, which can be between 100° and 170°, in particular between 135° and 150°, as shown in the Fig. 16shown.

[0220] The guide device 39 can further comprise a third section 43 adjoining the second section 42 of the stop wall 40, as detailed in the Fig. 16 is shown. The third section 43 can be arranged adjacent to a plurality of second sections 42, as shown. Fig. 16 also shows. An angle γ can be provided between the second section 42 or at least a second section 42 and the third section 43, which is shown in the Fig. 16The angle of the illustrated embodiment can be between 85° and 95°. The angular arrangement of sections 42 and 43 of the guide device 39 relative to each other allows for optimized discharge of the shredded feed material to the screen element 17. In particular, feed material striking the first or second section 41 or 42 can be optimally discharged to the screen element 17 due to the inclined orientation of these sections. No feed material specifically impacts the third section 43; this section 43 serves primarily as protection against the ingress of shredded material into the storage area of ​​the counter-shredding tools 6.

[0221] Fig. 16This further shows that the corners provided between the first and second sections 41, 42 and the second and third sections 42, 43 are specifically rounded. In this context, angles α and γ refer in particular to the straight and unrounded areas of the respective sections 41, 42, 43. Reference symbol list:

[0222] 1 Shredding device 2 Outer surface 3 Shredding tools 4 Machine frame 5 Shredding roller 6 Counter-shredding tools 7 Counter-comb 8 Screen opening 9 Screening device 10 First side wall 11 Adjusting device 12 Further side wall 13 Locking device 14 Swivel axis 15 Swivel section 16 Comb bar 17 Screen element 18 Axle 19 Hook section 20 Bearing opening of 19 21 Connecting plate 22 Connecting element 23 Support element 24 Width of 17 25 Further support element 26 Longitudinal edge of 17 27 Fixing element 28 Recess 29 Projection 30 Guide rail 31 Web 32 Stop element 33 Extension element 34 Spacer 35 Stability element 36 Flap 37 Installation element 38 Installation recess of 37 39 Guide device 40 Stop wall 41 First section 42 Second section 43 Third section 44 Bearing body 45 Screen extension element 46 Support rail 47 End wall 48 Upper limit rib 49 Lower limit rib 50 Support means 51 Screen element connecting means α angle between 41 and 42 γ angle

Claims

1. A comminution device (1) designed for comminution of feed material comprising: - a comminution roller (5) having comminution tools (3) on its outer surface (2) and rotatably mounted on a machine frame (4), - a counter comb (7) having counter comminution tools (6) for cooperating with the comminution tools (3) for comminution of the feed material, and - a sieve device (9) arranged below the comminution roller (5) and having a plurality of sieve openings (8) for sieving comminution of comminution of feed material, wherein the counter comb (7) is pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4), in particular on a first side wall (10) of the machine frame (4), and can be adjusted in the direction of the comminution roller (5) by means of an adjusting device (11), wherein the sieve device (9) is mounted on the counter comb (7) and wherein the sieve device (9) is attached to the machine frame (4),in particular, one of the further side walls (12) of the machine frame (4) opposite the first side wall (10), supports it, at least in the event of overload, and in particular, abuts it.

2. Comminution device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatthe sieving device (9) is connected to the counter comb (7) via a locking device (13), in particular wherein the locking device (13) is connected to the counter comb (7) by friction and / or positive locking and / or that the counter comb (7) has a pivot section (15) pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4) via a pivot axis (14) and a comb bar (16) connected to and projecting from the pivot section (15) and having the counter-shredding tools (6), in particular wherein the adjusting device (11) engages and / or is arranged on the rear side of the pivot section (15) facing away from the shredding roller (5) and / or in particular wherein the counter-shredding tools (6) are spaced apart in such a way that a shredding tool (3) for shredding the feed material can be guided through the gap formed between two counter-shredding tools (6).

3. Comminution device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact thatthe sieving device (9) comprises a continuous, in particular one-piece, sieve element (17) having sieve openings (8), in particular wherein the sieve element (17) is curved, preferably adapted to the outer envelope of the comminution roller (5), and / or in particular wherein the sieve element (17) at least partially surrounds and / or encompasses the comminution roller (5), and / or in particular wherein the sieve openings (8) and / or at least one sieve opening (8) is closed, in particular rectangular, hexagonal and / or strip-shaped, and / or that the sieving device (9) is suspended on the locking device (13) via an axle (18), in particular wherein the locking device (13) has a plurality of hook sections (19) for gripping and supporting the axle (18), wherein, preferably,the hook sections (19) each have a bearing opening (20) accessible from the outside for the axis (18) and / or the hook sections (19) are firmly connected to a connecting plate (21), in particular wherein the connecting plate (21) is formed integrally with the hook sections (19) and / or is connected to the hook sections (19) by a material bond, a positive bond and / or a force bond and / or in particular wherein the connecting plate (21) extends over at least 50%, in particular between 60% and 100%, more preferably over at least 70%, of the length of the sieve element (23).

4. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatthe locking device (18), in particular the connecting plate (21), is connected to the underside of the pivot section (15) facing the substrate and / or the screen device (9) by means of a plurality of connecting means (22) in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner, in particular by screws, and / or that the screen element (17) is connected to and / or supported on at least one support element (23), in particular arranged below the screen element (17) and facing away from the crushing roller (5), in particular wherein a plurality of spaced-apart support elements (23) are provided, and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) extends at least partially over the width (24) of the screen element (17), preferably over at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, of the width (24) of the screen element (17).and further preferably directly abutting the underside of the screen element (17) over the entire width (24) of the support element (23) and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) is at least partially curved and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) is materially bonded, in particular welded, to the screen element (17) and / or in particular wherein the support element (23) connects the screen element (17) to the axis (18).

5. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatThe sieve device (9) has at least one, in particular one-piece, stop means (32) for stopping and / or supporting on the machine frame (4), in particular on the further side wall (12) of the machine frame (4) opposite the first side wall (10), in particular wherein a plurality of mutually spaced stop means (32) are provided and / or in particular wherein the stop means (32) are at least partially curved and / or in particular wherein the stop means (32) are arc-shaped, bow-shaped and / or plate-shaped and / or corresponding to the contact surface of the further side wall (12) against which the stop means (32) stops and / or is supported and / or that the stop means (32) rests flat against the further side wall (12) and / or rests over an arc angle and / or circumferential area of ​​at least 5° to 80°, preferably between 10° and 60°.

6. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that at least one further support element (25) of the sieve device (9) is provided for connecting the axis (18) to the sieve element (17), in particular wherein the further support element (25) is arranged only on the upper longitudinal edge (26) of the sieve element (9) facing away from the stop means (32) and / or engages and / or bears against it and / or that the axis (18) is guided through axis openings of the support element(s) (23) and / or of the further support element(s) (25), in particular wherein the axis (18) is positively connected to the support element(s) (23) and / or further support element(s) (25) and / or in particular wherein the axis (18) projects away from the outermost support element (23) and / or further support element (25).

7. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatthe locking device (13) has at least one fixing means (27) for at least indirectly fixing and / or securing the axis (18) and / or that the fixing means (27) interacts positively and / or frictionally with at least one support element (23) and / or a further support element (25) and / or that at least one support element (23) and / or at least one further support element (25) has a recess (28) for the engagement of the fixing means (27), in particular wherein the fixing means (27) has a fixing plate and / or a threaded pin and / or in particular wherein the fixing means (27) is positively and / or frictionally connected to the connecting plate (22), wherein, preferably, a projection (29) extends from the connecting plate (21) for fastening the fixing means (27), wherein, further preferably, the fixing means (27) is positively and / or frictionally connected, in particular via a bolted connectionis connectable to the projection (29) and / or that the fixing means (27) directly secures the axis (18) and / or that the fixing means (27) at least partially surrounds and / or encloses the axis (18) for securing and / or positional fixation, in particular wherein the fixing means (27) is detachably connected to a hook section (19) by frictional and / or positive locking, in particular via a bolted connection.

8. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that On the underside of the connecting plate (21) facing the sieve device (9) at least one guide rail (30) is provided for guiding the fixing means (27), in particular wherein the guide rail (30) has two webs (31) arranged at least substantially parallel to each other and / or that a stop means (32) and a support element (23, 25) are formed in one piece as a common component.

9. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the sieve device (9) has an extension element (33) adjoining the sieve element (17), in particular wherein the extension element (33) is free of sieve openings (8) and / or is designed as a continuous, closed plate and / or is at least substantially flat and / or in particular wherein the extension element (33) is arranged on the longitudinal side opposite the axis (18) and / or that the stop means (32) is firmly, in particular materially bonded, force-fitted and / or form-fitted, connected to the extension element (33).

10. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatat least one spacer (34) of the sieving device (9) is provided to ensure a distance between the sieve element (17) and the crushing roller (5), in particular wherein the spacer (34) is at least substantially directly adjacent to the outer surface (2) of the crushing roller (5) and / or that at least one, in particular only, stabilizing element (35) connecting the support elements (23) and / or the further support elements (25), in particular designed as an axle and / or tube, is provided adjacent to the axle (18), in particular wherein the stabilizing element (35) is directly unconnected to the counter comb (7).

11. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatthe machine frame (4) has a hinged flap (36), wherein the counter comb (7) and the screening device (9) are at least partially mounted on the flap (36) and / or, in particular, wherein the flap (36) is arranged on the first side wall (10) and / or forms the first side wall (10) and / or that at least one mounting means (37) is provided for opening and closing the flap (36) for the screening device (9), wherein the mounting means (37) is connected to the machine frame (4) and is provided for receiving and / or arranging the screening device (9), in particular wherein, corresponding to opposite end faces of the counter comb (7), two mounting means (37) are provided, each having a recess (38) for arranging the axis (18) of the screening device (9) and / or mounting pins arranged on the screening device (9).in particular for the arrangement of the section of the axis (18) projecting from the outermost support element (23) and / or further support element (25).

12. Comminution device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatat least one support rail (46) is provided on the machine frame (4), in particular on an end wall (47) of the machine frame (4), along which the screening device (9) can be guided and / or supported when opening and / or closing the flap (36), in particular wherein the support rail (46) has an upper limiting web (48) facing the crushing roller (5) and a lower limiting web (49) opposite the upper limiting web (48), in particular wherein the upper limiting web (48) is additionally designed as a spacer (34) and / or that the screening device (9) is guided between the upper and lower limiting webs (48, 49) by a support means (50) projecting, in particular at the end face of the screening element (17), when opening and / or closing the flap (36).in particular wherein the support means (50) is placed on the lower limiting web (49) when the flap (36) is opened and / or closed, and / or in particular wherein the support means (50) is designed as a means connecting the stop means (32) to one another, in particular designed as an axle, wherein, preferably, the support means (50) is guided through openings in the stop means (32) and is in particular positively and / or force-fit connected to the stop means (32).

13. A comminution device (1), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, designed for comminution of feed material, comprising: - a comminution roller (5) having comminution tools (3) on its outer surface (2) and rotatably mounted on a machine frame (4), - a counter comb (7) having counter comminution tools (6) for cooperating with the comminution tools (3) for comminution of the feed material (2), and - a sieve device (9) arranged below the comminution roller (5) for sieving comminution of feed material, comprising a continuous, in particular one-piece, sieve element (17) having a plurality of, in particular closed, sieve openings (8), wherein the counter comb (7) is pivotably mounted on the machine frame (4), in particular on a first side wall (10) of the machine frame (4), and can be adjusted in the direction of the comminution roller (5) by means of an adjusting device (11).wherein the sieve device (9) is mounted on the counter comb (7), wherein the sieve device (9) is connected to the counter comb (7) by means of a locking device (13) in a force-fit and / or form-fit manner, wherein the sieve device (9) is suspended on the locking device (13) via an axle (18), in particular wherein the locking device (13) has a plurality of hook sections (19) for gripping behind and for supporting the axle (18), wherein, preferably, the hook sections (19) each have a bearing opening (20) accessible from the outside for the axle (18).

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