Extraction device

Abstract

A static-mechanical extraction device (10) for the evacuation of stale air, comprising an upper element (100) and a lower element (20) rigidly fixed to each other and separated from each other along a longitudinal axis (Z1) so as to define a free space (11) between them, the device further comprising a conduit (14) passing through the lower element (20) and opening into the free space (11), the upper element (100) comprising a cavity (140) in which is housed a centrifugal turbine (30) with axis to the longitudinal axis (Z1), characterized in that the cavity (140) comprises: - one or more air inlet openings (141) communicating into the free space (11); and - one or more air outlet openings (142) communicating into the free space (11), each air outlet opening (142) being arranged radially outside said one or more air inlet openings (141) with respect to the longitudinal axis (Z1).

Description

technical field

[0001] This description relates to an extraction device. Previous technique

[0002] Static devices for the discharge of gaseous fluids, intended to be mounted on buildings, are already known. Such devices are, for example, of the type comprising a lower element 20, an upper element 100, spacers 12 to rigidly hold the two coaxial elements spaced apart to define a passage 11 between them, and a conduit 14 passing through the lower element 20 and opening into the passage 11.

[0003] The lower element 20 and upper element 100 are bounded by conical or frustoconical side walls, such that the passage 11 has, in axial section, a general venturi or convergent / divergent shape along a radial direction orthogonal to the general axis of the device. This axis is generally at least substantially vertical. Such a device is generally mounted above the roof of the building for which it is intended. The duct 14 captures and channels stale air, gases, or fumes from the building's dwellings, which exits the duct 14 at its upper end, generally located at the upper limit of the lower element 20, at the very point of the venturi-shaped passage 11. The stale air is then deflected and drawn through this passage 11 towards the outside of the device and the external atmosphere. The presence of wind accelerates this process. Such a device is described, for example, in document FR-A-1 403 955.

[0004] Such a static device is generally positioned at a height and is therefore susceptible to updrafts, downdrafts, or horizontal winds. In the absence of wind, the residual thermal draft, based on the physical phenomenon occurring in any vertical duct, remains the only upward force. However, when the outside temperature approaches the inside temperature, the residual thermal draft will be weak, or even nonexistent, so that the upward force in the absence of wind will be virtually zero.

[0005] To overcome these drawbacks, one solution is to use a motorized mixed extraction device 10, described as "stato-mechanical" or sometimes "hybrid", the motor 31 being able to be activated by a programmed clock or pressure, hygrometric, or other probe systems.

[0006] Such a mixed extraction device 10 relates to a static device as described above further comprising a centrifugal turbine 30 having a motor 31 disposed in the upper element 100 and at least one blade 32 disposed in an annular cup 120 attached to the upper element 100 and which has an opening directed towards the lower element 20. Such dynamic devices make it possible to substantially improve the evacuation of gases or fumes rejected by rotation of the blade 32 in the space of general convergent / divergent or venturi shape.

[0007] The extraction of stale air is carried out by the centrifugal turbine 30 which draws in outside air at the periphery and injects it in the form of air streams towards the lower element 20, causing an induction or suction effect of the stale air from the duct 14 by a depression.

[0008] These systems, however, have drawbacks. Indeed, the outside air drawn in by the turbine and the air streams injected towards the lower element 20 each flow through the opening of the cup 120 and in opposite directions to each other, which negatively affects the performance of the extraction device. Summary

[0009] A static-mechanical extraction device for the evacuation of stale air is proposed, comprising an upper element and a lower element rigidly fixed to each other and separated from each other along a longitudinal axis so as to define a free space between them, the device further comprising a duct passing through the lower element and opening into the free space, the upper element comprising a cavity in which a centrifugal turbine with axis along the longitudinal axis is housed, characterized in that the cavity comprises: one or more air inlet openings communicating into the free space; and one or more air outlet openings communicating into the free space, each air outlet opening being arranged radially outside said one or more air inlet openings with respect to the longitudinal axis.

[0010] At least one of said air inlet openings, and preferably each of said air inlet openings, may be arranged longitudinally with respect to the centrifugal turbine, so as to allow air to pass along the longitudinal axis. In other words, at least one of said air inlet openings, and preferably each of said air inlet openings, may be oriented axially. At least one of said air outlet openings, and preferably each of said air outlet openings, may be arranged longitudinally with respect to the centrifugal turbine, so as to allow air to pass along the longitudinal axis. In other words, at least one of said air outlet openings, and preferably each of said air inlet openings, may be oriented axially.

[0011] Said one or more air inlet openings may include a single air inlet opening, preferably centered on the longitudinal axis, preferably still having a circular shape.

[0012] Said one or more air outlet openings may comprise a plurality of air outlet openings distributed, preferably regularly, around the longitudinal axis.

[0013] Each air outlet opening can extend around the longitudinal axis over an angular sector between 10° and 80°.

[0014] The upper element may include an annular flange around the longitudinal axis that delimits the cavity longitudinally. Each air inlet and / or each air outlet opening may be formed through the flange.

[0015] The upper element may include a cup, the cavity being delimited longitudinally on either side by the flange and the cup, the flange comprising one or more fixing tabs by which the flange is rigidly fixed to the cup, each tab being preferably arranged circumferentially between two circumferentially consecutive outlet openings.

[0016] The cup 120 may include a collar 123 comprising an inner wall 124 and an outer wall 125, said two walls being annular around the longitudinal axis Z1 and connected to each other by a connecting wall 126.

[0017] The upper element may include an air inlet vent, through which air can enter the cavity, the air inlet vent including the flange.

[0018] The air inlet vent may include a cylindrical portion with the longitudinal axis extending from the flange into the cavity, i.e., upwards from the flange.

[0019] The centrifugal turbine may comprise one or more blades configured to be driven in rotation about the longitudinal axis, said one or more blades being curved in a direction opposite to their direction of rotation about the longitudinal axis.

[0020] The centrifugal turbine may include a motor adapted to drive said one or more blades in rotation around the longitudinal axis, the motor being of the electronically commutated synchronous type.

[0021] The centrifugal turbine may comprise a lower disc and an upper disc arranged parallel to each other along the longitudinal axis, and between which one or more blades are fixed.

[0022] The upper element and the lower element can be arranged so as to give the free space a venturi shape.

[0023] The extraction device may include a cylindrical safety element along the longitudinal axis extending between the lower and upper elements, this safety element being a wire mesh or a perforated wire mesh or a perforated metal plate. Brief description of the drawings

[0024] Other features, details, and advantages will become apparent upon reading the detailed description below and analyzing the attached drawings, on which: Figure 1 is a schematic perspective and cross-sectional view representing a mixed extraction device according to the known state of the art; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view that represents the mixed extraction device according to the known state of the art; Figure 3is a schematic view, partially in cross-section, which represents a stato-mechanical type extraction device according to the present description; Figure 4 is a schematic axial view of a centrifugal turbine of the extraction device of the figure 3 ; Figure 5 is a schematic axial view of an air inlet vent of the extraction device of the figure 3 . Description of the implementation methods

[0025] It is now described, with reference to figures 3 to 5 , a static-mechanical extraction device for the removal of stale air, particularly from a building.

[0026] The extraction device 10 comprises the following main elements: an upper element 100 and a lower element 20 rigidly fixed to each other and separated from each other along a longitudinal axis Z1 so as to define a free space 11 between them. The device further comprises a conduit 14 passing through the lower element 20 and opening into the free space 11. The conduit 14 may extend along the longitudinal axis Z1. The upper element 100 also includes a cavity 140 in which a centrifugal turbine 30 with its axis on the longitudinal axis Z1 is housed.

[0027] In this exposition, the longitudinal direction Z corresponds to the direction of the longitudinal axis Z1. The longitudinal axis Z1 coincides with an axis of rotation of the rotor parts of the centrifugal turbine 30. Orientation qualifiers such as "longitudinal," "radial," or "circumferential" are defined, unless otherwise specified, with reference to the longitudinal axis Z1. A radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal axis Z1. A circumferential direction, at a point far from the longitudinal axis Z1, corresponds to a direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal Z and radial directions. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the adjectives "inner," "internal," "outer," and "external" are used with reference to the radial direction, such that the inner / internal part (i.e., radially inner / internal) of an element is closer to the longitudinal axis Z1 than the outer / external part (i.e., radially inner / internal).radially external / external of the same element.

[0028] In the description that follows, when referring to absolute position qualifiers, such as the terms "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", etc., or relative position qualifiers, such as the terms "above", "below", "superior", "inferior", etc., or to orientation qualifiers, such as "horizontal", "vertical", etc., reference is made, unless otherwise specified, to the orientation of the figures or device in its normal position of use.

[0029] The longitudinal axis Z1 can be an axis of revolution of the extraction device 10, in particular of the upper element 100, the lower element 20 and the conduit 14.

[0030] In what follows, the longitudinal direction Z is preferably vertical or close to vertical. In other words, the longitudinal axis Z1 can coincide with a vertical axis or be close to a vertical axis. Also, an upward direction can be defined along the longitudinal axis Z1, and a downward direction along the longitudinal axis Z1.

[0031] It is therefore understood that the free space 11 is delimited along the longitudinal direction Z, on the one hand, by the lower element 20, and on the other hand, by the upper element 100. The free space 11 can be open outwards, in particular radially outwards with respect to the longitudinal axis Z1. The free space 11 can form a venturi. In other words, in a cutting plane including the longitudinal axis Z1, the free space 11 can exhibit a venturi or convergent / divergent shape, preferably through the configuration of the upper element 100 and the lower element 20.

[0032] The upper element 100 may include a cup 120, preferably annular around the longitudinal axis Z1. The cup 120 may include a central portion 121. The central portion 121 may longitudinally define the cavity 140. The central portion 121 may include a recess 122 adapted to receive, in whole or in part, a motor 31, which will be described in more detail later. The stator of the motor 31 may be fixed to the central portion 121 of the cup 120, in particular at the recess 122.

[0033] The cup 120 may include a flange 123. The flange 123 may be integral with the central portion 121. Preferably, the flange 123 may be formed from the same material as the central portion 121. In other words, the cup 120 may be a single piece. The flange 123 may extend annularly around the central portion 121. The flange 123 may radially define the cavity 140.

[0034] The collar 123 may include an inner wall 124, preferably annular around the longitudinal axis Z1. The inner wall 124 may extend longitudinally between an upper end and a lower end. The upper end of the inner wall 124 may be connected, preferably made of material, to the central portion 121, preferably to a peripheral edge of the central wall. The inner wall 124 may be frustoconical about the longitudinal axis Z1, flaring downwards.

[0035] The collar 123 may include an outer wall 125, preferably annular around the longitudinal axis Z1. The outer wall 125 may surround the inner wall 124. In other words, the inner wall 124 may be arranged radially inside the outer wall 125. The inner wall 124 may extend longitudinally between an upper and a lower end. The outer wall 125 may be frustoconical about the longitudinal axis Z1, flaring upwards.

[0036] The collar 123 may include a connecting wall 126 between the inner wall 124 and the outer wall 125. The connecting wall 126 may be annular around the longitudinal axis Z1. The connecting wall 126 may connect the lower end of the inner wall 124 to the upper end of the outer wall 125. The connecting wall 126 may extend radially from the lower end of the inner wall 124 to the upper end of the outer wall 125.

[0037] The upper element 100 may further include an upper cap 130. The upper cap 130 may be positioned above the cup 120. The cap may, in whole or in part, cover the cup 120. The cap may be rigidly fixed to the cup 120, for example by any suitable fastening means: screwing, bolting, welding, etc. The cap may include a conical or frustoconical dome 131 about the longitudinal axis Z1.

[0038] The lower element 20 may include a first part 21. The first part 21 may include an opening adapted to receive the conduit 14. The opening may be centered on the longitudinal axis Z1, and preferably circular. The first part 21 may be frustoconical about the longitudinal axis Z1, flaring downwards. The first part 21 may define the free space 11 downwards.

[0039] The lower element 20 may include a second part 22. The second part 22 may be located below the first part 21. The second part 22 may also include an opening adapted to receive the conduit 14. The opening may be centered on the longitudinal axis Z1, and preferably circular. The second part 22 may be frustoconical about the longitudinal axis Z1, flaring upwards.

[0040] The first part 21 of the lower element 20 and the outer wall 125 of the cup 120 of the upper element 100 as described above, in particular with regard to their truncated conical shape, gives the free space 11 a venturi shape.

[0041] The upper element 100 and the lower element 20 can be rigidly fixed to each other by one or more connecting spacers 12. Each spacer 12 can be rigidly fixed to the upper cap 130 of the upper element 100 and to a peripheral ring of the lower element 20 that extends radially from the first part 21 or the second part 22. Each spacer 12 can be rigidly fixed by any suitable fastening means: screwing, bolting, welding, etc.

[0042] The device may include a cylindrical mesh element 13 along the longitudinal axis Z1 and extending between the lower element 20 and the upper element 100. This mesh element 13 secures the free space 11, preventing any significant body from entering it while allowing the various airflows to pass through.

[0043] More generally, the device may include a safety element 13, which could be a standard wire mesh with a size adapted to the size of the objects to be prevented from entering and the amount of air to be allowed to pass through. To minimize the mesh size without significantly disrupting airflow, the mesh may be perforated, meaning it has air inlet and / or outlet openings larger than the mesh size, allowing a greater volume of air to pass through.

[0044] This safety element can also be a perforated metal plate, thus reinforcing the device's structure and its safety. The perforations can be sized according to the previously stated requirements and can be of various shapes. This perforated metal plate can have air inlet and / or outlet openings to reduce airflow disruption.

[0045] Alternatively, this perforated plate can be made from a material other than metal, such as PVC.

[0046] Remarkably, cavity 140 includes: one or more air inlet openings 141 communicating into the free space 11; and one or more air outlet openings 142 communicating into the free space 11, each air outlet opening 142 being arranged radially outside said one or more air inlet openings 141 with respect to the longitudinal axis Z1.

[0047] The extraction device 10 thus allows for the dynamic extraction of stale air from the duct 14 by the centrifugal turbine 30, by drawing in outside air around the periphery of the device via one or more air inlet openings 141 and reinjecting it into the free space 11 via one or more air outlet openings 142 (represented by arrows F in the figure 4 ) to generate an induction suction effect that evacuates the stale air from duct 14 (represented by the arrows AC to the figure 4This configuration improves extraction efficiency. Furthermore, this configuration of the extraction device 10 prevents the direct intake of stale air from duct 14. The extraction device 10 is of the "static-mechanical" type (also called mixed or hybrid), meaning it can operate statically and / or dynamically, depending on external temperature and pressure conditions. In this sense, the extraction device 10 is a device that allows for the renewal of air in the dwelling by maximizing the use of natural driving forces and combining them with non-permanent, low-pressure mechanical assistance via the centrifugal turbine 30 when natural conditions are insufficient. The operation of the centrifugal turbine 30 can be controlled by a system linked to external conditions (temperature, wind speed, etc.), a timer, and / or other pollutant sensors.

[0048] According to an equivalent formulation, the cavity 140 of the upper element 100 is in fluidic communication with the free space 11 via said one or more air inlet openings 141 and said one or more air outlet openings 142. Said one or more air inlet openings 141 can be configured for the passage of air for its intake by the centrifugal turbine 30 in the longitudinal direction Z. Said one or more air outlet openings 142 can be configured for the passage of air for its expulsion by the centrifugal turbine 30 in the radial direction.

[0049] At least one or more of said air inlet openings 141, and preferably each of said air inlet openings 141, may be arranged longitudinally with respect to the centrifugal turbine 30, that is to say, so as to allow air to pass parallel, or substantially parallel, to said longitudinal axis. Similarly, at least one or more of said air outlet openings 142, and preferably each of said air outlet openings 142, may be arranged longitudinally with respect to the centrifugal turbine 30, that is to say, so as to allow air to pass parallel, or substantially parallel, to said longitudinal axis. In this sense, they allow air to pass along the longitudinal axis Z1.

[0050] As seen at the figure 5The one or more air inlet openings 141 may comprise a single air inlet opening 141, preferably centered on the longitudinal axis Z1, and preferably circular in shape. Generally, the one or more air inlet openings 141 may be circular in shape.

[0051] Also visible at the figure 5 The one or more air outlet openings 142 may consist of a plurality of air outlet openings 142 distributed, preferably regularly, around the longitudinal axis Z1. In other words, the cavity 140 may comprise an annular row of outlet openings. Each air outlet opening 142 may extend around the longitudinal axis Z1 over an angular sector between 10° and 80°.

[0052] The one or more air inlet openings 141 may be arranged in the same plane, preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z1. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more air outlet openings 142 may be arranged in the same plane, preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z1. Furthermore, the one or more air inlet openings 141 and the one or more air outlet openings 142 may be arranged in the same plane, preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z1.

[0053] Said one or more air inlet openings 141 and said one or more air outlet openings 142 may be arranged through the flange 111.

[0054] Furthermore, the upper element 100 may include an air inlet vent 110, through which air can enter the cavity 140. The air inlet vent 110 may include a flange 111. The flange may be annular around the longitudinal axis Z1 and delimit the cavity 140 longitudinally downwards. In other words, the cavity 140 can be longitudinally delimited on either side by the flange 111 and the cup 120. More specifically, the flange 111 can longitudinally delimit the cavity 140 in a manner opposite to the central part 121 of the cup 120 along the longitudinal direction Z. The cavity 140 can therefore be delimited by the central part 121 of the cup 120 upwards and by the flange 111 downwards. Also, the flange 111 can delimit the free space 11 upwards.

[0055] As seen in figures 3 And 5, each air inlet opening 141 and / or each air outlet opening 142 can be formed through the flange 111.

[0056] The air inlet vent 110 can be rigidly fixed to the cup 120. To achieve this, the flange 111 may further include one or more tabs 112 by which the flange 111 is rigidly fixed to the cup 120. Each fixing tab 112 can be arranged between two circumferentially consecutive outlet openings. The flange 111 can be rigidly fixed to the cup 120, for example, by any suitable fastening means: screwing, bolting, welding, etc. More specifically, the flange 111 can be rigidly fixed to the collar 123, particularly at the connecting wall 126.

[0057] The air inlet vent 110 may include a cylindrical portion 113 with axis to the longitudinal axis Z1 extending from the flange 111 into the cavity 140, i.e. upwards from the flange 111. In the case where said one or more air inlet openings 141 include a single air inlet opening 141 centered on the longitudinal axis Z1, a diameter of the cylindrical portion 113 of the air inlet vent 110 may coincide with a diameter of the air inlet opening 141.

[0058] The centrifugal turbine 30, also sometimes called a reaction turbine, is now described in more detail. The centrifugal turbine 30 is said to have a "longitudinal axis Z1" in that it is configured to draw in air longitudinally and expel it radially (represented by the arrows F in the diagram). figure 4 ).

[0059] The centrifugal turbine 30 may comprise one or more blades 32 configured to be driven in rotation about the longitudinal axis Z1. Said one or more blades 32 may be curved in a direction opposite to their direction of rotation (represented by the arrow R in the figure 4 ) around the longitudinal axis Z1. In other words, each blade 32 may have a rounded shape in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis Z1. Each blade 32 may have a concavity 140 facing the longitudinal axis Z1. Each blade 32 may have a leading edge located towards the center of the turbine, i.e., radially inwards, and a trailing edge located towards the periphery of the turbine, i.e., radially outwards. Said one or more blades 32 may comprise an annular row of blades 32.

[0060] The centrifugal turbine 30 may include a motor 31 adapted to drive one or more blades 32 in rotation about the longitudinal axis Z1. The motor 31 may be of the electronically commutated synchronous type. An electronically commutated synchronous motor 31 allows for optimization of the energy consumption of the extraction device 10, particularly through control of the rotational speed of one or more blades 32 and integrated monitoring functions. Furthermore, such a motor 31 avoids efficiency losses due to slippage. It can also have a reduced footprint. Finally, the extraction device 10 is quieter.

[0061] Furthermore, such a centrifugal turbine 30 meets the requirements of the European ErP (“Energy-related Product”) directive imposing minimum energy efficiency requirements for energy-consuming products.

[0062] The centrifugal turbine 30 may comprise a lower disc 33 and an upper disc 34 arranged parallel to each other along the longitudinal axis Z1, and between which are fixed said one or more blades 32. The rotation of said one or more blades 32 around the longitudinal axis Z1 generates, by suction, a radial airflow through channels defined by the lower discs 33 and upper discs 34 and the blades 32.

Claims

1. A static-mechanical extraction device (10) for the evacuation of stale air, comprising an upper element (100) and a lower element (20) rigidly fixed to each other and separated from each other along a longitudinal axis (Z1) so as to define a free space (11) between them, the device further comprising a duct (14) passing through the lower element (20) and opening into the free space (11), the upper element (100) comprising a cavity (140) in which is housed a centrifugal turbine (30) with axis to the longitudinal axis (Z1), characterized in that the cavity (140) comprises: - one or more air inlet openings (141) communicating into the free space (11); and - one or more air outlet openings (142) communicating into the free space (11), each air outlet opening (142) being arranged radially outside said one or more air inlet openings (141) with respect to the longitudinal axis (Z1).

2. Extraction device (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein at least one of said one or more air inlet openings (141), and preferably each of said one or more air inlet openings (141), is arranged longitudinally with respect to the centrifugal turbine (30), and / or wherein at least one of said one or more air outlet openings (142), and preferably each of said one or more air outlet openings (142), is arranged longitudinally with respect to the centrifugal turbine (30).

3. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more air inlet openings (141) comprise a single air inlet opening (141), preferably centered on the longitudinal axis (Z1), preferably still having a circular shape.

4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more air outlet openings (142) comprise a plurality of air outlet openings (142) distributed, preferably regularly, around the longitudinal axis (Z1).

5. Devices according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each air outlet opening (142) extends around the longitudinal axis (Z1) over an angular sector between 10° and 80°.

6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the upper element (100) comprises an annular flange (111) about the longitudinal axis (Z1) which delimits the cavity (140) longitudinally, and wherein each air inlet opening (141) and / or each air outlet opening (142) is formed through the flange (111).

7. Device according to the preceding claim, in which the upper element (100) comprises a cup (120), the cavity (140) being delimited longitudinally on both sides by the flange (111) and the cup (120), the flange (111) comprising one or more fixing tabs (112) by which the flange (111) is rigidly fixed to the cup (120), each tab (112) preferably being arranged circumferentially between two circumferentially consecutive outlet openings.

8. Device according to the preceding claim, in which the cup (120) has a collar (123) comprising an inner wall (124) and an outer wall (125), said two walls being annular around the longitudinal axis (Z1) and connected to each other by a connecting wall (126).

9. Device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the upper element (100) includes an air inlet vent (110), through which air can enter the cavity (140), the air inlet vent (110) including the flange (111).

10. Device according to claim 9, wherein the air inlet vent (110) comprises a cylindrical part (113) with axis to the longitudinal axis (Z1) extending from the flange (111) into the cavity (140).

11. Extraction device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the centrifugal turbine (30) comprises one or more blades (32) configured to be driven in rotation about the longitudinal axis (Z1), said one or more blades (32) being curved in a direction opposite to their direction of rotation about the longitudinal axis (Z1).

12. Extraction device (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the centrifugal turbine (30) comprises a motor (31) adapted to drive said one or more blades (32) in rotation about the longitudinal axis (Z1), the motor (31) being of the electronically commutated synchronous type. Extraction device (10) according to any one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the centrifugal turbine (30) comprises a lower disc (33) and an upper disc (34) arranged parallel to each other along the longitudinal axis (Z1), and between which said one or more blades (32) are fixed.

13. Extraction device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the upper element (100) and the lower element (20) are arranged so as to give the free space (11) a venturi shape.

14. Extraction device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a safety element of cylindrical shape along the longitudinal axis (Z1) and extending between the lower element (20) and the upper element (100), the safety element preferably being a wire mesh or a perforated wire mesh or a perforated metal plate.

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