Prefabricated hybrid construction panel, particularly for building facades
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2022013901
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-12-20
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Prefabricated hybrid construction panel, particularly for building facades Technical field
[0001] The present invention relates to a prefabricated hybrid construction panel, in particular for building facades in general, and more particularly for load-bearing facades in the case of multi-story buildings, said panel being defined at least by an external face and an internal face, a thickness separating the external and internal faces, two lateral edges and two longitudinal edges, including a lower edge and an upper edge, said construction panel being made of at least two different construction materials, a first and a second construction material, having complementary physical properties. Prior art
[0002] Facade panels, also called vertical walls, which are prefabricated in concrete have existed for many years. These include solid concrete panels, ribbed concrete panels, concrete panels incorporating blocks of insulating material, concrete sandwich panels incorporating a layer of insulating material between two concrete walls connected by spacers, simple pre-walls or insulated pre-walls comprising two concrete walls connected by spacers, with or without a layer of insulating material, forming a formwork to receive concrete poured in place, i.e. on site. Examples of prefabricated facade panels are described in publications CN 103 114 663 B, EP 2 615 218 A1 and CN 108 425 451 B. In all cases, thermal insulation is added on site in the junction zones to limit thermal bridges.
[0003] Traditionally, facade panels can also include a lining added on site to supplement the overall thermal resistance of the facade, and / or improve the aesthetics of the facade with an exterior coating such as plaster or cladding.
[0004] To date and in view of the environmental constraints which weigh on the field of construction in general, prefabricated concrete facade panels pose the following problems: • a significant carbon footprint that does not comply with environmental regulatory developments, • a significant weight on the floors, which induces a high bending moment leading to oversizing of the floors and the entire structure of the building, • difficulty in dealing with thermal bridges in the junction areas, • clamped fixing systems, not allowing any play of the panel in relation to the building frame.
[0005] Concrete prefabrication manufacturers are faced with these problems and are seeking to resolve them by developing solutions aimed in particular at: • find a complex of materials to manufacture a facade panel that meets the following objectives: minimal thickness, high thermal resistance, low carbon footprint, with mechanical resistance equivalent to current facade panels, • treat thermal bridges with the building frame, particularly at the level of the posts and the noses of the floor slabs, • efficiently assemble the facade panel to the building frame, • meet regulatory requirements in terms of fire, particularly at the level of facade / floor and facade / post junctions, • allow rapid implementation of the facade panel on site in terms of handling and installation.
[0006] To date, current prefabricated facade panel solutions do not meet these objectives. Statement of the invention
[0007] The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a new design of prefabricated facade panel from at least two construction materials having different and complementary properties, implemented judiciously so as to combine their properties, in order to achieve a compromise between all the objectives set out above.
[0008] For this purpose, the invention relates to a prefabricated hybrid construction panel of the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that said construction panel comprises at least: - a compressed panel body made of said first construction material, less dense and less mechanically resistant, but more thermally resistant than the second construction material, - a ribbed and reinforced frame, embedded in said panel body, made of said second construction material, denser and more mechanically resistant, but less thermally resistant than the first construction material, and - formwork slabs arranged for pouring on site junction zones with other construction panels and / or a floor of the building, said formwork slabs being formed in said panel body, and being intrinsically thermally resistant, so as to create a thermal break at the right of the said junction zones, and in that said frame and said panel body are intimately linked by overmolding so as to form a single-piece, stackable, transportable and self-supporting construction panel.
[0009] Thus, the design of this new prefabricated construction panel makes it possible to meet all the objectives set out above, by favouring a light and insulating material to produce the majority of the panel, including its outer skin and its thickness, combined with a more classic and resistant material to produce its rigid structure.
[0010] In a preferred form of the invention, said first construction material is a bio-sourced concrete, and said second construction material is a reinforced concrete, thus allowing a reduction in the carbon footprint by replacing a carbon-based material (reinforced concrete) with a bio-sourced and therefore less carbon-based material.
[0011] Said bio-sourced concrete can be defined by all or part of the following properties: a compressive mechanical strength of between 3Mpa and 6Mpa, a tensile mechanical strength of between 0.5Mpa and 3Mpa, a density after compression of between 400kg / m3 and 1500kg / m3, and a thermal conductivity of between 0.08W / mK and 0.20W / mK. Furthermore, said panel body is advantageously obtained by molding said bio-sourced concrete compressed to a value of between 80 and 150kN / m2. Thus, the construction panel obtained can be defined at least by the following properties: a compressive mechanical strength of between 400 and 500kN / ml, and a density of approximately 1250kg / m3, making it possible to achieve mechanical performance suitable for any type of load-bearing facade in the case of buildings with one or more floors, for a weight reduced by half.
[0012] Said bio-sourced concrete may comprise a mixture of plant fillers, mineral binder and water, said plant fillers being chosen from the group comprising wood, miscanthus, hemp shiv or a combination of at least two of these components, and said mineral binder being chosen from the group comprising cement, Portland cement, blast furnace slag, lime, metakaolin, calcined clays or a combination of at least two of these components, again making it possible to reduce the carbon impact depending on the choice of binder, in particular by limiting the use of Portland cement.
[0013] In the preferred form of the invention, said biosourced concrete is a wood concrete comprising wood particles in a form chosen from the group comprising chips, wafers, granules, having a particle size of less than 20 mm, and a quantity of between 160 kg / m3 and 250 kg / m3 in the wood concrete mixture, the wood concrete representing a good compromise between resistance, insulation, carbon sink, availability, cost and implementation.
[0014] Furthermore, said reinforced concrete may be chosen from ordinary concrete, low-density concrete, carbon dioxide footprint, fiber-reinforced concrete, or a combination of at least two of these materials, reinforced with rebar.
[0015] Advantageously, said frame comprises a network of reinforcing ribs extending in two intersecting directions, including at least one lower edge rib aligned with the lower edge of said panel, an upper rib offset with the upper edge of said panel, and at least two lateral ribs offset with the lateral edges of said panel. Thus, this network of ribs associated with the body of the panel ensures the dimensional stability and the bracing of the panel, making it alone resistant to horizontal and / or vertical forces, regardless of its geometry and the position of the openings it comprises.
[0016] Said body of the panel advantageously comprises a shoulder provided at least in the lateral edges and the upper edge of said panel, said shoulders forming said formwork planes, which intrinsically form a thermal break at the junction zones.
[0017] Said construction panel may further comprise, in the lower reinforcing rib of the frame, at least two blind reservations, arranged to receive means for positioning said panel on a floor, facilitating its implementation, and / or at least two through reservations distributed on either side of a central reinforcing rib, arranged to receive a keying concrete with a floor, ensuring continuity of the reinforcements of the reinforcing ribs with vertical reinforcements in standby provided in said floor. Brief description of the drawings
[0018] The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of several embodiments given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
[0019] [Fig-1] is a front view of a construction panel according to the invention,
[0020] [Fig.2] is a longitudinal sectional view along section plane II-II of the panel of [Fig.l],
[0021] [Fig.3] is a longitudinal sectional view along section plane III-III of the panel of [Fig.l],
[0022] [Fig.4] is a longitudinal sectional view along section plane IV-IV of the panel of [Fig.l],
[0023] [Fig.5] is a cross-sectional view along the section plane VV of the panel of [Fig.l],
[0024] [Fig.6] is a cross-sectional view along the section plane VLVI of the panel of [Fig.l],
[0025] [Fig.7] is a cross-sectional view along section plane VILVII of the panel of [Fig.l],
[0026] [Fig-8] is a front view of another building panel according to the invention having openings,
[0027] [Fig.9] is a longitudinal sectional view along the section plane IX-IX of the panel of [Fig.8],
[0028] [Fig. 10] is a cross-sectional view along the section plane XX of the panel of [Fig.8],
[0029] [Fig. 11] is a cross-sectional view of the panel of [Fig.l] and a floor during an assembly step corresponding to the installation of the panel,
[0030] [Fig. 12] is a view similar to [Fig. 11] during an assembly stage corresponding to the casting of the junctions after reinforcement, and
[0031] [Fig. 13] is a view is a view similar to [Fig. 11] during an assembly stage corresponding to the removal of the formwork and the filling of the reservations at the foot of the panel. Description of the embodiments
[0032] In the illustrated embodiments, identical elements or parts bear the same reference numbers. Furthermore, terms which have a relative meaning, such as vertical, horizontal, right, left, front, rear, above, below, etc. must be interpreted under normal conditions of use of the invention, and as shown in the figures. The X, Y and Z axes are defined by an orthonormal reference system illustrated in [Fig.l]. Furthermore, the geometric positions indicated in the description and the claims, such as “perpendicular”, “parallel”, “symmetrical” are not limited to the strict sense defined in geometry, but extend to geometric positions which are close, that is to say which accept a certain tolerance in the technical field considered, without influence on the result obtained.This tolerance is notably introduced by the adverb “sensiblement”, without this term necessarily being repeated before each adjective.
[0033] With reference to the figures, the construction panel 1, 1' of the invention is a so-called "hybrid" or "composite" panel because it is produced from a judicious assembly of at least two different immiscible construction materials, the physical properties of which complement each other to achieve the objectives set out above. In addition, the construction panel 1, 1' is prefabricated, which makes it possible to control the manufacturing process from start to finish, to obtain high, controlled and reproducible quality, to ensure compliance with the specifications, to be able to manufacture tailor-made and personalized panels to take into account the openings (window, door, French window, balcony) and thus to optimize and simplify implementation on site.
[0034] The construction panel 1, 1' is defined at least by a height H, a length L, a thickness E, an external face FE facing the outside of the building, an internal face FI facing the inside of the building. Thus, the construction panel 1 is framed at least by two lateral edges BL, and two longitudinal edges, including a lower edge BI and an upper edge BS. In the example shown, it has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which the longitudinal edges are intended to be laid horizontally and the lateral edges BL vertically. Of course, the shape shown is not exclusive since other geometric or non-geometric shapes can be defined depending on the architecture of the building. In addition, the construction panel 1 can be solid, as in figures 1 to 7, or the construction panel 1' can have openings, such as at least one window opening 9 and / or one door opening 10, as in figures 8 to 10.
[0035] According to the invention, the construction panel 1, 1' comprises a panel body 2 made of a first construction material, preferably a so-called bio-sourced concrete, and a ribbed frame 3 embedded in the panel body 2, made of a second construction material, preferably a so-called reinforced concrete. The panel body 2 thus defines the geometry and the filling of the construction panel 1, in particular its external face FE, its internal face FI, its thickness E, its two lateral edges BL, its upper edge BS and its lower edge BL. The frame 3 thus defines the rigidity of the construction panel 1.However, and as explained below, the design of the 1,1' construction panel makes it possible to combine the physical properties of the two construction materials, to achieve overall better performance than known bi-material construction panels, since it is possible to envisage constructing multi-level buildings using the construction panel according to the invention which has the advantage of being load-bearing.
[0036] The bio-sourced concrete forming the first construction material of the construction panel 1,1' preferably comprises a mixture of plant fillers, mineral binder and water. The plant fillers may be chosen from the group comprising wood, miscanthus, hemp shiv, or a combination of at least two of these components, this list not being exhaustive. The mineral binder may be chosen from the group comprising cement, Portland cement, blast furnace slag, lime, metakaolin, calcined clays, or a combination of at least two of these components, this list not being exhaustive. It may be a wood concrete. In this case, it comprises wood particles, which may be in a form chosen from the group comprising chips, wafers, granules, or the like.The grain size of the wood particles can be less than 20mm, and represent a quantity between 160kg / m3 and 250kg / m3 in the wood concrete mix.
[0037] Biosourced concrete and more particularly targeted wood concrete is of interest made of its physical properties which are complementary to those of the second construction material, namely reinforced concrete. It has a compressive strength of between 3Mpa and 6Mpa, a tensile strength of between 0.5Mpa and 3Mpa, a density after compression of between 400kg / m3 and 1500kg / m3, and a thermal conductivity of between 0.08W / mK and 0.20W / mK. During its implementation, the wood concrete is put under mechanical pressure after pouring in a molding bench, at a pressure level which can be between 80 and 150kN / m2. The choice of a totally or partially bio-sourced material makes it possible to meet environmental objectives, to create carbon sinks, and thus to reduce the carbon footprint of the entire construction panel 1, 1', as well as its weight by up to approximately 50%. of a conventional all-concrete panel.
[0038] All values characterizing the physical properties of the materials used in the composition of the panel and of the panel obtained come from tests carried out in the laboratory in accordance with the standards in force.
[0039] The reinforced concrete forming the second construction material of the construction panel 1,1' may be chosen from ordinary concrete, low carbon dioxide footprint concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete, or a combination of at least two of these materials. It is reinforced by steel reinforcements 8 embedded in the concrete, having the functions of reinforcing this second construction material and giving the construction panel 1,1' mechanical properties of resistance to bending, compression and traction. The reinforcements 8 may be chosen from bars, cages, lattices or the like, made of steel reinforcements, high-adhesion reinforcements, fiber-filled composite reinforcements, or any other type of equivalent and compatible reinforcements.
[0040] Reinforced concrete in fact has a mechanical resistance to compression of between 25Mpa and 60Mpa with conventional reinforcements on the market, a mechanical resistance to traction of between 1.5 Mpa and 4.5 Mpa, a density of around 2500kg / m3, and a thermal conductivity of around 2W / mK
[0041] The construction panel 1, 1' thus obtained will have a density of approximately 1250 kg / m3, i.e. a weight reduction of approximately 50% compared to an all-concrete panel, and a mechanical compressive strength of between 400 and 500 kN / ml.
[0042] The construction panel 1, 1' is preferably manufactured on a molding bench in a prefabrication factory, or in a prefabrication installation on the construction site or near the construction site. More particularly, the panel body 2 is obtained by casting the first construction material in the molding bench to a thickness E, the skin at the bottom of the formwork defining the external face FE of the panel, and the upper face defining the internal face FI of the panel. Grooves 4, 5 have been arranged on the side of the internal face FI and in the thickness E by a reservation system (not shown). After the casting operation and before the drying operation, the body of the panel 2 is put under a determined pressure by any suitable press system, to compact the material having the effect of increasing the density and the mechanical resistance properties of the first construction material, as stated above. After the compression operation, the frame 3 is obtained by casting the second construction material to form ribs 6, 7 in the grooves 4, 5 of the panel body 2 serving as formwork. Prior to casting the panel body 2 and / or the frame 3, reinforcements 8 are positioned in the molding bench on wedges or / or directly in the grooves 4, 5 to reinforce the ribs 6, 7 of the frame 3.The frame 3 is cast before the panel body 2 has completely dried to obtain a strong bond between the two materials of the panel body 2 and the frame 3. The construction panel 1.1' can integrate, depending on the specifications, reservations for the openings 9, 10, and reservations for the passages of the technical ducts (plumbing, electricity, etc.). This manufacturing process allows a strong bond between the different construction materials and the reinforcements 8, thus creating an intimate connection between two constituent parts of said panel, so as to obtain a single-piece construction panel 1.1', easily superimposed, transportable, and handled.
[0043] The frame 3 more particularly comprises a network of reinforcing ribs 6, 7 extending in two intersecting directions, preferably perpendicular. It comprises at least one lower edge rib 6 aligned with the lower edge BI of the panel, an upper rib 6 offset with the upper edge BS of the panel, and at least two lateral ribs 7 offset with the lateral edges BL of said panel. In the example of [Fig. 1], the construction panel 1 is solid, without opening, and the frame 3 comprises two horizontal ribs 6, corresponding to the two lower and upper ribs, and three vertical ribs 7, including a central rib and the two lateral ribs. In the example of [Fig. 8], the construction panel 1' is perforated and comprises two openings including a window opening 9 and a door opening 10.In this case, the frame 3 comprises two horizontal ribs 6, corresponding to the two lower and upper ribs, and seven vertical ribs 7, including the central rib, the two lateral ribs, and four additional ribs located on either side of the openings 9, 10. These examples are not limiting, and any other combination of vertical and / or horizontal ribs is possible.
[0044] The reinforcing ribs 6, 7 which constitute the reinforced concrete frame 3 allow hybrid operation of the two construction materials, both for horizontal and vertical loads, and make it possible to achieve performances much higher than those of any bio-sourced construction material used alone, such as hemp panels, wood concrete panels.
[0045] The horizontal reinforcing ribs 6 may have a reinforced concrete section of between 15x15cm and 25x50cm, without these values being limiting. The vertical reinforcing ribs 7 are adapted to the stresses and may be spaced between 0.50 and 6.00m. Thus, their spacing may be adapted to the reservations for arranging openings 9, 10 in the construction panel 1,1'. In the case of small reservations, less than 1.00x1.00m for example, these will be treated by a simple reinforced concrete frame, replacing the continuous reinforcing ribs.
[0046] The construction panel 1,1' further comprises formwork slabs 11, 12 for casting junction zones ZJ on site between two consecutive construction panels 1,1' and between the construction panel 1,1' and a floor P (Figures 12 and 13). In the examples shown, the formwork slabs 11, 12 are formed by shoulders 11', 12' formed in the two lateral edges BL and in the upper edge BS of the panel body 2. Given the low thermal conductivity of bio-sourced concrete, between 0.08W / mK and 0.20W / mK, i.e. at least 10 times less than conventional concrete, the formwork slabs 11, 12 are intrinsically thermally insulating and make it possible to provide a thermal break function at the junction zones ZJ.Furthermore, these formwork plates 11, 12, forming part of the panel body 2, in the continuity of the external face FE and made of the same material, will not be subject to any stress linked to different expansions, connections between different materials, and will ensure the integrity of the external face FE over time.
[0047] The ZJ junction zones can also be completed on site, depending on the specifications, by an additional thermally insulating material before pouring the junction zones, sealing members to absorb the casting thrusts, etc.
[0048] The construction panel 1,1' further comprises in the lower reinforcing rib 6 at least two blind reservations 13, arranged to fit onto two concrete keys provided on the floor P in order to facilitate the installation and maintenance of said panel in the temporary phase. Of course, any other means of positioning the panel on the floor in the temporary phase, such as a mechanical system of the stud type or similar, may be suitable.
[0049] The construction panel 1,1' also comprises in the lower reinforcing rib 6 at least two through-reservations 14 distributed on either side of a central reinforcing rib 7, for casting the keying zones with the floor P. These through-reservations 14 are arranged to ensure the continuity of the reinforcements 8 of the reinforcing ribs 7 and the vertical reinforcements in standby provided in the floor P.
[0050] Referring now to Figures 11 to 13, the installation of a construction panel 1, 1' according to the invention uses conventional techniques, such as lifting the construction panel by a lifting machine (not shown) via slings 15 fixed in lifting inserts (not shown) provided in the panel, according to [Fig. 11], towards a floor P. The floor P is in the example shown consisting of a pre-slab PD resting on an upper reinforcing rib 6 of a construction panel 1 of a lower floor, and a compression slab DC poured onto the pre-slab PD, after the installation of a guardrail 16. The upper formwork slab 12 of the construction panel 1 of the lower floor ensures the formwork of the slab nose forming a concreting stop during the pouring of the compression slab DC.
[0051] The floor P has concrete keys 17 at the edge of the edge, that is to say raised pieces, added or integrated, on which are aligned the blind reservations 13 provided in the reinforcing rib 6 of the lower edge of the panel. When the construction panel 1 is placed on the floor P, and the concrete keys 17 are housed in the blind reservations 13, the panel is temporarily held using push-pull props 18 (see [Fig. 13]). The reservations 13 in the lower part allow adjustment of the horizontality, while the push-pull props 18 allow adjustment of the verticality and the inclination of the panel. The vertical junction zones ZJ between two consecutive construction panels 1,1' are formworked by adding a formwork board 19, for example screwed directly into the wood concrete of the panel body 2, and are reinforced by adding vertical connecting reinforcements 20, according to [Fig. 12].
[0052] The formwork slabs 11, 12 made of wood concrete serve both as a concreting stop for the keying of the vertical junction zones ZJ, and during the casting of the compression slab DC of the floor P (see construction panel 1 of the lower floor in figures 11 to 13). Prior to casting the junction zones ZJ, an additional insulator 22 can be added to the formwork slabs 11, 12.
[0053] Finally, a keying concrete is poured into the through-holes 14 at the foot of the construction panel 1 to ensure mechanical continuity between the reinforcements 8 of the central reinforcing rib 7 and the projecting reinforcements of the floor P. The upper part of the through-holes 14 is filled with a block 21 of wood concrete or similar bonded with mortar. When the construction panel 1 is installed, the guardrail 16 can be removed.
[0054] The finishing work on the facade on the external face FE of the building may include at least a lime plaster with fabric covering at the joints, or failing that, cladding with integrated rain protection. The 1.1' construction panels on the internal face FI may be supplemented by an insulating interior lining.
[0055] The assembly and combination of construction materials of different natures allows the thickness of the 1.1' construction panel to be optimized while meeting environmental aspects (carbon footprint, use of bio-sourced materials, recycling, etc.), acoustic and structural constraints, as well as specific requirements linked to its function as a load-bearing facade wall in the building.
[0056] The present invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described but extends to any modification and variant obvious to a person skilled in the art within the limits of the appended claims. Furthermore, the technical characteristics of the different embodiments and variants mentioned above may be, in whole or in some cases, combined with each other.
Claims
Claims
1. Prefabricated hybrid construction panel (1, 1'), in particular for a building facade, said panel being defined at least by an external face (FE) and an internal face (FI), a thickness (E) separating the external and internal faces, two lateral edges (BL) and two longitudinal edges, including a lower edge (BI) and an upper edge (BS), said construction panel being made of at least two different construction materials, a first and a second construction material, having complementary physical properties, characterized in that said construction panel (1, 1') comprises at least: - a panel body (2), compressed, made of said first construction material, less dense and less mechanically resistant, but more thermally resistant than the second construction material, - a frame (3), ribbed and reinforced, embedded in said panel body (2), made of said second construction material, denser and more mechanically resistant, but less thermally resistant than the first construction material, and - formwork slabs (11, 12) arranged to pour on site junction zones (ZJ) with other construction panels and / or a floor (P) of the building, said formwork slabs being formed in said panel body (2), and being intrinsically thermally resistant, so as to create a thermal break at the level of said junction zones (ZJ), and in that said frame (3) and said panel body (2) are intimately linked by overmolding so as to form a single-piece, stackable, transportable and self-supporting construction panel, and in that said first construction material is a bio-sourced concrete, and said second construction material is a reinforced concrete, said bio-sourced concrete comprising a mixture of plant fillers, mineral binder and water.
2. Construction panel according to claim 1, characterized in that said biosourced concrete is defined by all or part of the following properties: a mechanical compressive strength of between 3Mpa and 6Mpa, a mechanical tensile strength of between 0.5Mpa and 3Mpa, a density after compression of between 400kg / m3 and 1500kg / m3, and a thermal conductivity between 0.08W / mK and 0.20W / mK
3. Construction panel according to claim 2, characterized in that said panel body (2) is obtained by molding said bio-sourced concrete compressed to a value between 80 and 150kN / m2.
4. Construction panel according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that said construction panel is defined at least by the following properties: a mechanical resistance to compression of between 400 and 500kN / ml, and a density of approximately 1250kg / m3.
5. Construction panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said plant fillers are chosen from the group comprising wood, miscanthus, hemp shiv or a combination of at least two of these components, and said mineral binder is chosen from the group comprising cement, Portland cement, blast furnace slag, lime, metakaolin, calcined clays or a combination of at least two of these components.
6. Construction panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said bio-sourced concrete is a wood concrete comprising wood particles in a form chosen from the group comprising chips, chips, granules, having a particle size of less than 20 mm, and a quantity of between 160 kg / m3 and 250 kg / m3 in the wood concrete mixture.
7. Construction panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said reinforced concrete is chosen from ordinary concrete, low carbon dioxide footprint concrete, fiber concrete, or a combination of at least two of these materials, reinforced by reinforcements (8).
8. Construction panel according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said frame (3) comprises a network of reinforcing ribs (6, 7) extending in two intersecting directions, including at least one lower edge rib (6) aligned with the lower edge (BI) of said panel, an upper rib (6) offset with the upper edge (BS) of said panel, and at least two lateral ribs (7) offset with the lateral edges (BL) of said panel.
9. Construction panel according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said body of the panel (2) comprises a shoulder (11', 12') provided at least in the lateral edges (BL) and the upper edge (BS) of said panel, said shoulders forming said planes of formwork (11, 12).
10. Construction panel according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises, in the lower reinforcing rib (6) of the frame (3), at least two blind reservations (13), arranged to receive means for positioning said panel on a floor (P).
11. Construction panel according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises, in the lower reinforcing rib (6) of the frame (3), at least two through-reservations (14) distributed on either side of a central reinforcing rib (7), arranged to receive a keying concrete with a floor (P) and ensure the continuity of the reinforcements (8) of the reinforcing ribs (7) and the vertical reinforcements in standby provided in said floor (P).