Regional high-stress discrete curing roadway supporting process

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal mine underground roadway supporting processes, and discloses a roadway supporting process for regional high-stress discrete solidification. The method comprises the steps of geological exploration and stress testing, roadway support processing, support sorting, parameter determination and real-time monitoring and feedback, in the roadway support processing, a stress data processing module is constructed, stress data around a roadway are discretized into a plurality of area units, support sorting is conducted on the area units, and the roadway support processing module is constructed; and the high-stress area and the secondary high-stress area are sequentially subjected to supporting construction, parameters of anchor rods and anchor cables are determined before supporting construction, and the supporting effect is ensured. According to the roadway supporting method suitable for regional high-stress discrete solidification, the stability of the roadway is enhanced, the service life is prolonged, and the safety is improved by perfecting the supporting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of underground coal mine tunnel support technology, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a regional high stress discrete solidification tunnel support method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the mining scope and the increase in mining depth, mining conditions have become more complex and difficult. Especially under high stress, tunnel excavation and support face great challenges in unfavorable rock formations such as plastic deformation, easily weathered rock formations, broken rock mass, and poor rock stability. Due to the special geological conditions and mining environment of underground tunnel engineering, its risk has increased significantly. After tunnel excavation, the stress in the surrounding rock will be readjusted. If effective support is not carried out in time, the integrity of the surrounding rock will be damaged, and even the surrounding rock will collapse. The traditional tunnel support method is single in form, with poor support effect, unable to effectively control the stability of the surrounding rock, affecting the safe production of the mine, and bringing long-term hidden dangers. As an important part of the overall mining system of the mining area, the quality of tunnel support work is directly related to the safety and efficiency of the entire project. Inadequate or unscientific support measures may lead to serious accidents of tunnel collapse, threatening the safe production of the mine and the safety of personnel.

[0003] In response to the above challenges, modern artificial intelligence technology provides new solutions. Through machine learning algorithms, the stress distribution around the tunnel can be analyzed and predicted, so as to formulate a more scientific and reasonable support plan. By deploying a sensor network to monitor the stress changes in the tunnel in real time, the collected data can be analyzed using machine learning algorithms, and a stress distribution model can be established to predict the stress changes at different positions during tunnel excavation, providing a scientific basis for support design. The algorithm can calculate the optimal support plan according to the characteristics and stress conditions of different rock formations, improve the support efficiency and stability, and maximize the support effect by adjusting the anchor arrangement parameters. Through sensors and Internet of Things technology, the support conditions and stress changes of the tunnel can be monitored in real time, and the support plan can be dynamically adjusted. The sensor network can collect surrounding rock deformation and stress change data in real time, transmit it to the control center through wireless communication technology, and dynamically adjust the support plan in combination with the real-time analysis model to ensure that the support measures always adapt to the actual situation and improve the stability of the tunnel.

[0004] In view of the above background, how to use modern artificial intelligence technology to improve tunnel support technology, analyze and predict the stress distribution around the tunnel through machine learning algorithms, so as to formulate a more scientific and reasonable support plan, combine the actual geological conditions and stress distribution, improve the support plan, improve the support efficiency and stability, and use sensors and Internet of Things technology to monitor the support conditions and stress changes of the tunnel in real time, realize dynamic adjustment of the support plan, and significantly improve the scientificity and effectiveness of the regional high-stress discrete solidification tunnel support process, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of mine mining. This is a technical problem that technical personnel in the relevant field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a roadway support process for regional high stress discrete solidification, which is particularly suitable for the bottom plate control of high stress and soft rock roadways. The process uses scientific and reasonable support technology to construct a stress data processing module. The stress data processing module monitors the stress changes around the roadway in real time through a sensor network, and discretizes the collected stress data and divides it into several regional units. After comprehensive analysis of the stress data in each unit, a stress distribution model is generated to provide a scientific basis for support sorting. The stress data around the roadway is discretized into several regional units, and each regional unit is sorted for support. The high stress area and the second high stress area are supported and constructed in turn. Before the support construction, the parameters of the anchor rod and the anchor cable are determined according to the stress distribution to ensure the best realization of the support effect. The process aims to effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock, improve the support strength by improving the support method, and thus maintain the stability of the roadway. Through a scientific and reasonable support scheme, not only the deformation of the surrounding rock can be reduced, but also the maintenance frequency and cost can be reduced, ensuring the safety and reliability of mine mining. This technology is aimed at the support construction in high-stress areas and sub-high-stress areas. By adjusting the arrangement of anchor rods and anchor cables, the support strength and effect are improved, thereby effectively controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock and maintaining the stability of the tunnel. Through this scientific and reasonable support technology, not only the stability of the tunnel is improved, but also the maintenance cost and frequency are reduced, many problems in the existing technology are solved, and an important technical reference is provided for tunnel excavation and support in high-stress areas. During the mining process, the stability and safety of the tunnel are ensured by real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the support plan, which significantly improves the support efficiency and stability, and provides a solid guarantee for the safety and reliability of mine mining.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Step S1: Determine the high stress area and stress distribution of the tunnel through geological exploration and stress testing;

[0008] Step S2: Based on the distribution of the original rock stress measurement results, a discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area to perform tunnel support treatment;

[0009] Step S3: In the tunnel support processing, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the tunnel into a number of regional units, and support sorting is performed on each regional unit;

[0010] Step S4: according to the result of support sorting, support construction is carried out in the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn, and anchor rod and anchor cable parameters are determined before support construction;

[0011] Step S5: During the construction process, real-time monitoring and feedback are carried out to ensure the quality of support construction and adjust the support plan in a timely manner.

[0012] Equally important, geological exploration techniques include seismic wave detection and resistivity detection, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0013] Step 1: Arrange seismic wave detection equipment around the tunnel, stimulate seismic waves and receive their reflected waves, analyze the speed and attenuation of the reflected waves, and determine the density and stress distribution of the underground rock formations;

[0014] Step 2: Arrange electrodes around the tunnel, send current underground through the electrodes, measure the resistivity distribution of the underground rock formations, and understand the cracks and water content of the underground rock formations based on the changes in resistivity.

[0015] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the main pump room is designed according to the requirements of the underground drainage capacity and drainage equipment, and the support scheme is designed through samples taken from different parts of the tunnel section to ensure that the surrounding rock is in the same stable state.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the distribution of the original rock stress measurement results, the discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area to carry out tunnel support treatment; in the tunnel support treatment, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the tunnel into several regional units, and support sorting is carried out for each regional unit; according to the results of the support sorting, support construction is carried out in the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn, and the parameters of the anchor rod and anchor cable are determined before the support construction. The specific steps are as follows:

[0017] Step 1: Discretize the stress data around the tunnel into several regional units, and sort the support of each regional unit;

[0018] Step 2: Use the rock tunnel calculation method to determine the anchor parameters. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] M≤0.4L

[0021]

[0022] Among them, L is the total length of the anchor, N is the surrounding rock influence coefficient, w is the tunnel span, M represents the anchor spacing, and d represents the anchor diameter;

[0023] Step 3: Determine the anchor cable parameters, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0024] l=l1+l2+l3

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] Among them, l is the total length of the anchor cable, l1 is the exposed length of the anchor cable, l2 is the effective length of the anchor cable, l3 represents the anchor length of the anchor cable, and h i represents the tunnel height, n is the number of tunnel sections, w is the tunnel span, σ w The ultimate breaking force of a single anchor cable, k is the safety factor, y is the density of the material, and S is the stability coefficient of a single anchor cable, which is used to measure the stability of the anchor cable when it is under load;

[0028] It is worth noting that the discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area, thereby improving the overall stability of the tunnel. The specific steps are as follows:

[0029] Step 1: According to the identified high stress areas, combined with the specific shape and stress distribution of the roadway, the position of the support points is reasonably determined. The support points should be evenly distributed in the high stress concentration area to ensure full coverage and effective stress dispersion; at the same time, the spacing design is carried out to determine the spacing between the support points according to the stress concentration degree of the high stress area and the roadway size;

[0030] Step 2: Drill holes at the determined support point. The hole diameter and hole depth are determined according to the actual situation of the tunnel and the characteristics of the solidifying material. The verticality and depth of the drilling need to be guaranteed. Then, the prepared solidifying material is injected into the drill hole through the pouring equipment. The pouring process should be continuous and uniform to avoid material stratification or voids. Ensure that the material can fully fill the pores and penetrate into the tunnel wall. The solidifying material should reach the initial setting state within the specified time and gradually reach the design strength in the subsequent time.

[0031] Step 3: The solidified bodies between the support points are connected to each other, jointly bear the stress in the tunnel, disperse and resist external pressure, and form a stable support network through the interaction between the support points. After the solidification is completed, the support structure is tested by stress testing and acoustic wave detection to ensure that it meets the design requirements, and the support structure is regularly inspected and maintained;

[0032] In detail, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the roadway into several regional units, and support sorting is performed on each regional unit; according to the results of the support sorting, support construction is performed on the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn. The specific steps of constructing the stress data processing module are as follows:

[0033] Step 1: Calculate the stress value of each regional unit and calculate its average stress value σ ij , where i is the unit number, is calculated as follows:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] Among them, A i represents the area of ​​the i-th unit, σ(r) is the stress distribution function within the unit in this area, r is the radial distance from the center of the roadway, σ0 is the reference stress value, and r0 is the roadway radius;

[0037] Step 2: According to the stress value σ i Calculate the support ranking factor R for each regional unit i , the regional units with higher ranking factors are supported first, and the ranking factor calculation formula is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, w i is the support importance weight, K i is the safety factor for each area unit.

[0040] Furthermore, the specific steps for adjusting the construction parameters are as follows:

[0041] Step 1: Combine the conventional regional high stress discrete solidified roadway support method with the genetic algorithm to improve the design and implementation of the support scheme. The objective function is to maximize the stability of the support structure while minimizing the support cost. The constraints include the number of support points, material properties, and construction time. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0042] f(x)=a·S(x)-b·C(x)

[0043] f i =a·S i -b·C i

[0044]

[0045] Among them, S(x) represents the stability of the support structure, C(x) represents the support cost, a and b are weight coefficients, f(x) is the objective function, and f i is the adaptability function, P i is the probability of individual i being selected, and N is the population size;

[0046] Step 2: Adjust the parameters. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0047] L=L0+α·S max

[0048] d=d0+β·S avg

[0049]

[0050] Among them, L0 is the initial anchor length, d0 is the initial anchor diameter, T0 is the initial shotcrete thickness, α, β, is the adjustment coefficient, S max , S avg , S min They are the regional maximum stress value, regional average stress value, and regional minimum stress value, respectively.

[0051] Preferably, a complete monitoring system is established, stress sensors are installed to monitor the stress changes of rocks in real time, displacement sensors are installed to monitor the displacement and deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and anchor force sensors are installed to monitor the stress conditions of the anchors. The sensor data is then transmitted to the central control system in real time. The central control system analyzes the received data in real time, evaluates the effectiveness of the current support plan, and makes timely adjustments.

[0052] It should be noted that after the construction is completed, the support effect needs to be fully inspected and regularly maintained and tested.

[0053] The technical effects and advantages of a regional high stress discrete solidification tunnel support process of the present invention are as follows: through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment and improvement of the scheme, the stress concentration and deformation problems of the surrounding rock can be discovered and handled in time, ensuring the stability and safety of the support structure. The discrete solidification support technology improves the strength of the surrounding rock itself by various means, changes its mechanical properties, constructs a homogeneous isotropic body, and improves the effect of tunnel support. The discrete grouting technology with a multi-level structure combination makes the support construction more flexible and efficient, and can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of the support construction. The application of scientific support parameter adjustment solves the high stress problem in tunnel support, prolongs the service life of the support structure, reduces the maintenance cost, and has significant economic and social benefits. The application of the real-time monitoring system makes the data acquisition in the tunnel support process more accurate. Through the real-time collection of stress and deformation data of the surrounding rock through the sensor network, stress concentration and deformation problems can be discovered in time, early warning can be carried out, and the support scheme can be dynamically adjusted. This not only improves the stability and safety of the support structure, but also prevents sudden support failures, ensuring the continuity and safety of mine mining. Secondly, the discrete solidification support technology improves the strength of the surrounding rock itself, changes its mechanical properties, and constructs a homogeneous isotropic body through various means. Specifically, this technology adopts a discrete grouting technology with a multi-level structural combination, making the support construction more flexible and efficient. The design of the multi-level structural combination enables the support system to better adapt to complex geological conditions, provide stronger support force, and can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions. This technology not only improves the overall strength of the surrounding rock, but also enables the surrounding rock to have better stability and deformation resistance under high stress environment. In addition, the application of scientific support parameter adjustment is a major technical highlight of this process. Through the scientific adjustment of support parameters, the material and construction costs can be minimized while ensuring the support effect. The support sorting ensures the order and focus of the support construction, so that the high stress area can be effectively supported first, thereby significantly improving the support efficiency and quality. Such a design not only extends the service life of the support structure, but also significantly reduces the frequency and cost of later maintenance. This regional high stress discrete solidification roadway support technology has significant economic and social benefits. By improving the efficiency and quality of support construction, the project time and material waste are reduced, and the construction and maintenance costs are significantly reduced. More importantly, by ensuring the stability and safety of tunnel support, tunnel collapse accidents are prevented, the lives of mine workers and the property safety of mines are protected, and the production efficiency and economic benefits of mining enterprises are improved.

[0054] In general, this regional high stress discrete solidification roadway support process provides a new method of efficient, safe and economical roadway support, and provides reliable technical support for roadway support in the fields of mines, tunnels and underground engineering. Its innovative application in real-time monitoring, dynamic adjustment, support parameter adjustment and multi-level grouting technology not only significantly improves the scientificity and effectiveness of roadway support, but also provides valuable experience and reference for technicians in related fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of a tunnel support process with regional high stress discrete solidification according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 A support sequencing flow chart of a tunnel support process for regional high stress discrete solidification according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a supporting tunnel in a tunnel support process of regional high stress discrete solidification according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The present invention discloses a tunnel support process for regional high stress discrete solidification. By collecting the stress and deformation data of the surrounding rock in real time through a sensor network, stress concentration and deformation problems can be discovered in time, early warning can be given, and the support scheme can be adjusted dynamically. This not only improves the stability and safety of the support structure, but also prevents sudden support failures, ensuring the continuity and safety of mine mining. Secondly, the discrete solidification support technology improves the strength of the surrounding rock itself, changes its mechanical properties, and constructs a homogeneous isotropic body through a variety of means. Specifically, this technology adopts a discrete grouting technology with a multi-level structural combination, making the support construction more flexible and efficient. The design of the multi-level structural combination enables the support system to better adapt to complex geological conditions, provide stronger support force, and can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions. This technology not only improves the overall strength of the surrounding rock, but also enables the surrounding rock to have better stability and deformation resistance under high stress environments. In addition, the application of scientific support parameter adjustment is a major technical highlight of the process. Through the scientific adjustment of the support parameters, the material and construction costs can be minimized while ensuring the support effect. The support sorting ensures the order and focus of the support construction, so that the high-stress areas can be effectively supported first, thereby significantly improving the support efficiency and quality. Such a design not only extends the service life of the support structure, but also significantly reduces the frequency and cost of later maintenance. This regional high-stress discrete solidification tunnel support technology has significant economic and social benefits. By improving the efficiency and quality of support construction, it reduces engineering time and material waste, and significantly reduces construction and maintenance costs. More importantly, by ensuring the stability and safety of tunnel support, it effectively prevents the occurrence of tunnel collapse accidents, protects the lives of mine workers and the property safety of mines, and improves the production efficiency and economic benefits of mining enterprises.

[0061] Figure 1 The present invention provides a tunnel support process for regional high stress discrete solidification, which comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: Determine the high stress area and stress distribution of the tunnel through geological exploration and stress testing;

[0063] Step S2: Based on the distribution of the original rock stress measurement results, a discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area to perform tunnel support treatment;

[0064] Step S3: In the tunnel support processing, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the tunnel into a number of regional units, and support sorting is performed on each regional unit;

[0065] Step S4: according to the result of support sorting, support construction is carried out in the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn, and anchor rod and anchor cable parameters are determined before support construction;

[0066] Step S5: During the construction process, real-time monitoring and feedback are carried out to ensure the quality of support construction and adjust the support plan in a timely manner.

[0067] Equally important, geological exploration techniques include seismic wave detection and resistivity detection, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0068] Step 1: Arrange seismic wave detection equipment around the tunnel, stimulate seismic waves and receive their reflected waves, analyze the speed and attenuation of the reflected waves, and determine the density and stress distribution of the underground rock formations;

[0069] Step 2: Arrange electrodes around the tunnel, send current underground through the electrodes, measure the resistivity distribution of the underground rock formations, and understand the cracks and water content of the underground rock formations based on the changes in resistivity.

[0070] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the main pump room is designed according to the requirements of the underground drainage capacity and drainage equipment, and the support scheme is designed through samples taken from different parts of the tunnel section to ensure that the surrounding rock is in the same stable state.

[0071] Furthermore, according to the distribution of the original rock stress measurement results, the discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area to carry out tunnel support treatment; in the tunnel support treatment, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the tunnel into several regional units, and support sorting is carried out for each regional unit; according to the results of the support sorting, support construction is carried out in the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn, and the parameters of the anchor rod and anchor cable are determined before the support construction. The specific steps are as follows:

[0072] Step 1: Discretize the stress data around the tunnel into several regional units, and sort the support of each regional unit;

[0073] Step 2: Use the rock tunnel calculation method to determine the anchor parameters. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] M≤0.4L

[0076]

[0077] Among them, L is the total length of the anchor, N is the surrounding rock influence coefficient, w is the tunnel span, M represents the anchor spacing, and d represents the anchor diameter;

[0078] Step 3: Determine the anchor cable parameters, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0079] l=l1+l2+l3

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] Among them, l is the total length of the anchor cable, l1 is the exposed length of the anchor cable, l2 is the effective length of the anchor cable, l3 represents the anchor length of the anchor cable, and h i represents the tunnel height, n is the number of tunnel sections, w is the tunnel span, σ w The ultimate breaking force of a single anchor cable, k is the safety factor, γ is the density of the material, and S is the stability coefficient of a single anchor cable, which is used to measure the stability of the anchor cable when it is under load;

[0083] It is worth noting that the discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area, thereby improving the overall stability of the tunnel. The specific steps are as follows:

[0084] Step 1: According to the identified high stress areas, combined with the specific shape and stress distribution of the roadway, the position of the support points is reasonably determined. The support points should be evenly distributed in the high stress concentration area to ensure full coverage and effective stress dispersion; at the same time, the spacing design is carried out to determine the spacing between the support points according to the stress concentration degree of the high stress area and the roadway size;

[0085] Step 2: Drill holes at the determined support point. The hole diameter and hole depth are determined according to the actual situation of the tunnel and the characteristics of the solidifying material. The verticality and depth of the drilling need to be guaranteed. Then, the prepared solidifying material is injected into the drill hole through the pouring equipment. The pouring process should be continuous and uniform to avoid material stratification or voids. Ensure that the material can fully fill the pores and penetrate into the tunnel wall. The solidifying material should reach the initial setting state within the specified time and gradually reach the design strength in the subsequent time.

[0086] Step 3: The solidified bodies between the support points are connected to each other, jointly bear the stress in the tunnel, disperse and resist external pressure, and form a stable support network through the interaction between the support points. After the solidification is completed, the support structure is tested by stress testing and acoustic wave detection to ensure that it meets the design requirements, and the support structure is regularly inspected and maintained;

[0087] In detail, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the roadway into several regional units, and support sorting is performed on each regional unit; according to the results of the support sorting, support construction is performed on the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn. The specific steps of constructing the stress data processing module are as follows:

[0088] Step 1: Calculate the stress value of each regional unit and calculate its average stress value σ ij , where i is the unit number, is calculated as follows:

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Among them, A i represents the area of ​​the i-th unit, σ(r) is the stress distribution function within the unit in this area, r is the radial distance from the center of the roadway, σ0 is the reference stress value, and r0 is the roadway radius;

[0092] Step 2: According to the stress value σ i Calculate the support ranking factor R for each regional unit i , the regional units with higher ranking factors are supported first, and the ranking factor calculation formula is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, w i is the support importance weight, K i is the safety factor for each area unit.

[0095] Furthermore, the specific steps for adjusting the construction parameters are as follows:

[0096] Step 1: Combine the conventional regional high stress discrete solidified roadway support method with the genetic algorithm to improve the design and implementation of the support scheme. The objective function is to maximize the stability of the support structure while minimizing the support cost. The constraints include the number of support points, material properties, and construction time. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0097] f(x)=a·S(x)-b·C(x)

[0098] f i =a·S i -b·C i

[0099]

[0100] Among them, S(x) represents the stability of the support structure, C(x) represents the support cost, a and b are weight coefficients, f(x) is the objective function, and f i is the adaptability function, P i is the probability of individual i being selected, and N is the population size;

[0101] Step 2: Adjust the parameters. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0102] L=L0+α·S max

[0103] d=d0+β·S avg

[0104]

[0105] Among them, L0 is the initial anchor length, d0 is the initial anchor diameter, T0 is the initial shotcrete thickness, α, β, is the adjustment coefficient, S max , S avg , S min They are the regional maximum stress value, regional average stress value, and regional minimum stress value, respectively.

[0106] Preferably, a complete monitoring system is established, stress sensors are installed to monitor the stress changes of rocks in real time, displacement sensors are installed to monitor the displacement and deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and anchor force sensors are installed to monitor the stress conditions of the anchors. The sensor data is then transmitted to the central control system in real time. The central control system analyzes the received data in real time, evaluates the effectiveness of the current support plan, and makes timely adjustments.

[0107] It should be noted that after the construction is completed, the support effect needs to be fully inspected and regularly maintained and tested.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] The difference between Example 2 of the present invention and Example 1 is that this example introduces a tunnel support process method for regional high stress discrete solidification.

[0110] Figure 2 A flow chart of support sequencing in a regional high-stress discrete solidification tunnel support process method of the present invention is given. The process collects stress and deformation data of surrounding rocks in real time through a sensor network, can timely discover stress concentration and deformation problems, achieve early warning, and dynamically adjust the support plan, which not only improves the stability and safety of the support structure, but also prevents sudden support failures, ensuring the continuity and safety of mine mining work.

[0111] Secondly, discrete solidification support technology improves the strength of surrounding rock through various means, changes its mechanical properties, and constructs a homogeneous isotropic body. Specifically, this technology uses a discrete grouting technology with a multi-level structural combination to make support construction more flexible and efficient. The design of the multi-level structural combination enables the support system to better adapt to complex geological conditions, provide stronger support force, and can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions. This technology not only enhances the overall strength of the surrounding rock, but also makes the surrounding rock have better stability and deformation resistance under high stress environment.

[0112] In addition, scientific support parameter adjustment is a major technical highlight of this process. Through scientific adjustment of support parameters, it is possible to minimize material and construction costs while ensuring support effects. Support sorting ensures the order and focus of support construction, so that high-stress areas can be effectively supported first, thereby significantly improving support efficiency and quality. Such a design not only extends the service life of the support structure, but also significantly reduces the frequency and cost of later maintenance.

[0113] This regional high stress discrete solidification tunnel support technology has significant economic and social benefits. By improving the efficiency and quality of support construction, it reduces engineering time and material waste, and significantly reduces construction and maintenance costs. More importantly, by ensuring the stability and safety of tunnel support, it effectively prevents tunnel collapse accidents, protects the lives of mine workers and the property safety of mines, and improves the production efficiency and economic benefits of mining enterprises.

[0114] Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the supporting tunnel in a regional high-stress discrete solidification tunnel support process of the present invention is shown. The cross-sectional view shows in detail the structural layout of the tunnel and the composition of the support system, reflecting the application and effect of the process in tunnel support. The cross-section of the tunnel is divided into several regional units, which are supported by discrete solidification technology. Anchor rods and anchor cables are installed on the top and both sides of the tunnel to improve the stability of the surrounding rock, which can effectively disperse and withstand the stress of the surrounding rock and prevent stress concentration and uncontrolled deformation. Grouting holes are arranged at different depths and positions, and the overall strength and stability of the surrounding rock are improved by injecting high-strength slurry. This multi-level grouting technology can not only enhance the support effect, but also be flexibly adjusted according to actual geological conditions to adapt to complex underground environments. Sensors are installed at different positions in the tunnel to monitor the stress and deformation of the surrounding rock in real time. The data of these sensors are transmitted to the monitoring system. Through data analysis and processing, stress concentration and deformation problems can be discovered in time, and early warning and dynamic adjustment of support plans can be carried out. This system improves the scientificity and safety of tunnel support and ensures the continuity and reliability of mine mining.

[0115] Before support construction, the parameters of anchor rods and cables are determined according to the stress distribution and geological conditions of the surrounding rock, and the support of each regional unit is sorted. High stress areas are supported first to ensure that these key parts are effectively protected, thereby improving the stability and support effect of the entire tunnel. The comprehensive application of this technology in tunnel support not only improves the strength and stability of the surrounding rock through anchor rods, cables and grouting technology, but also ensures the safety and reliability of the support system through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment.

[0116] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0117] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel support process with regional high stress discrete solidification, characterized in that: According to the stress distribution, the tunnel support scheme is designed. The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Determine the high stress area and stress distribution of the tunnel through geological exploration and stress testing; Step S2: Based on the distribution of the original rock stress measurement results, a discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in the high stress area to perform tunnel support treatment; Step S3: In the tunnel support processing, a stress data processing module is constructed to discretize the stress data around the tunnel into several regional units, and support sorting is performed on each regional unit. The specific steps of constructing the stress data processing module are as follows: Step 1: Calculate the stress value of each regional unit and calculate its average stress value σ ij , where i is the unit number, is calculated as follows: Among them, A i represents the area of ​​the i-th unit, σ(r) is the stress distribution function within the unit in this area, r is the radial distance from the center of the roadway, σ0 is the reference stress value, and r0 is the roadway radius; Step 2: According to the stress value σ i Calculate the support ranking factor Ri of each regional unit. The regional unit with a higher ranking factor will be supported first. The ranking factor calculation formula is as follows: Among them, w i is the support importance weight, K i is the safety factor for each area unit; Step S4: according to the result of support sorting, support construction is carried out in the high stress area and the second high stress area in turn, and anchor rod and anchor cable parameters are determined before support construction; Step S5: During the construction process, real-time monitoring and feedback are carried out to ensure the quality of support construction and adjust the support plan in a timely manner.

2. A tunnel support process with regional high stress discrete solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among them, geological exploration technologies include seismic wave detection and resistivity detection, and stress testing technologies include in-hole stress release method and ground strain measurement method.

3. A tunnel support process with regional high stress discrete solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the main pump room is designed according to the requirements of the underground drainage capacity and drainage equipment. The support scheme is designed through samples taken from different parts of the tunnel section to ensure that the surrounding rock is in the same stable state.

4. A tunnel support process with regional high stress discrete solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the anchor rod and anchor cable parameters before support construction. The anchor rod parameter calculation formula is as follows: M≤0.4L Among them, L is the total length of the anchor, N is the surrounding rock influence coefficient, w is the tunnel span, M represents the anchor spacing, and d represents the anchor diameter; The calculation formula of anchor cable parameters is as follows: l＝l1+l2+l3 Among them, l is the total length of the anchor cable, l1 is the exposed length of the anchor cable, l2 is the effective length of the anchor cable, l3 represents the anchor length of the anchor cable, and h i represents the tunnel height, n is the number of tunnel sections, w is the tunnel span, σ w The ultimate breaking force of a single anchor cable, k is the safety factor, γ is the density of the material, and S is the stability coefficient of a single anchor cable, which is used to measure the stability of the anchor cable when it is under load.

5. The tunnel support process of regional high stress discrete solidification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Discrete solidification technology is used to form a stable support structure in high-stress areas. First, holes are drilled at the determined support point locations. The hole diameter and hole depth are determined based on the actual conditions of the tunnel and the characteristics of the solidifying material. Then, a double-cylinder double-acting grouting pump is used to continuously and evenly inject the pre-prepared solidifying material into the borehole. During the process, material stratification or voids are avoided to ensure that the solidifying material can fill the pores and penetrate into the tunnel wall.

6. The tunnel support process of regional high stress discrete solidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: Establish a complete monitoring system, install stress sensors to monitor the stress changes of rocks in real time, install displacement sensors to monitor the displacement and deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, install anchor force sensors to monitor the stress conditions of the anchors, and then transmit the sensor data to the central control system in real time. The central control system analyzes the received data in real time, evaluates the effectiveness of the current support plan, and makes timely adjustments.

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