Access device for a motor vehicle with opposing doors.
The access device for motor vehicles with opposing doors addresses the challenge of sequential door opening by implementing a hinge system with a locking mechanism and elastic return members, enabling independent and reliable door operation for easier rear passenger access and maintaining vehicle sealing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2023012486
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-11-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing access devices for motor vehicles with opposing doors often require sequential opening of doors, complicating rear passenger egress and may suffer from unreliable door movement repeatability and inadequate sealing.
An access device with a first and second hinge system allowing independent opening of doors, featuring a locking mechanism and elastic return members to ensure repeatable movement and sealing, enabling simultaneous and independent opening of opposing doors.
Facilitates easier rear passenger egress by allowing independent door opening, ensuring reliable and repeatable movement, and maintaining vehicle airtightness when doors are closed.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Access device for a motor vehicle with opposing doors.
[0001] The invention relates to an access device for a motor vehicle with opposing doors. The invention also relates to a vehicle having opposing doors equipped with such an access device.
[0002] Motor vehicles are often equipped with access devices comprising several doors on the same side of the vehicle body. Each door is mounted to pivot about a substantially vertical axis. Generally, adjacent doors on the same side of a vehicle body open in the same direction of rotation relative to the vehicle. These adjacent doors are generally each mounted on an associated pillar.
[0003] There are also motor vehicles with access devices in which two adjacent doors on the same side of the body open in opposite directions of rotation. A single opening in the vehicle body can then be provided, without a central pillar between the two doors. The axis of rotation of the first door extends along a front edge of the opening, while the axis of rotation of the rear door extends along a rear edge of the opening. This type of arrangement, commonly called "opposing doors," is generally used for trucks, commercial vehicles, or sports cars with more than one row of seats.
[0004] In this particular arrangement, the opening in the body does not include a central pillar between a front row of seats and a rear row of seats. In order to provide lateral support to the vehicle while offering sufficient weatherproofing, the front and rear doors generally interlock when closed, thus providing structural support together.
[0005] However, doors arranged in this way are generally designed so that the user must open the front door before being able to open or close the rear door. This complicates the exit of a rear passenger who must wait for someone to open the front door. In some cases, the rear passenger can fold down the front seat to access the unlocking system for the front door, but this system requires several preliminary steps to clear the access to the unlocking mechanism.
[0006] There are also motor vehicles with opposing doors equipped with a system that allows said doors to be opened independently of each other. Publication WO113190A1 discloses an antagonistic door opening system in which the rear door is connected to a set of hinges configured to move along a sliding rail sideways and backwards before the rear door can pivot outwards on the rear door hinge.
[0007] However, such an opening system has drawbacks. In particular, the repeatability of the opening and closing movement of the rear door is not necessarily guaranteed, which can prove problematic. Furthermore, the vehicle's airtightness with opposing doors equipped with such an opening system is also not necessarily guaranteed.
[0008] The object of the invention is to provide an access device for a vehicle with opposing doors which allows easier exit for a rear passenger while ensuring the repeatability of the opening and closing movement of the door over the long term as well as the sealing at the opening when the opposing doors are in the closed position.
[0009] To this end, the invention relates to an access device for a motor vehicle comprising a first door and a second door, the first door and the second door being configured antagonistically to close the same opening, characterized in that the access device comprises a first hinge and a second hinge each comprising a first hinge pin fixed to a body of the motor vehicle and a second hinge pin fixed to the second door and an elbow movable in rotation relative to the first hinge pin around a first pivoting axis, the elbow being also movable in rotation relative to the second hinge pin around a second pivoting axis so that during a first opening phase of the second door, the second door pivots simultaneously around the first pivoting axes and the second pivoting axes of the first hinge and the second hinge pin,between a closed position of the second door in which said second door is flush with the body of the motor vehicle and an intermediate position of the second door, in which said second door is offset from the body of the motor vehicle.
[0010] In one embodiment, at least one of the two hinges includes a locking mechanism configured to block rotation about a first pivot axis of one of the hinges at the end of the first opening phase, so that during a second opening phase of the second door, the second door pivots only about the second pivot axes of the first hinge and the second hinge in a rotational movement between the intermediate position of the second door and an open position of the second door.
[0011] In one embodiment, the locking mechanism is carried by the first hinge.
[0012] In this same embodiment, the locking mechanism comprises a bolt configured to slide in translation between an unlocked position and a locked position relative to the elbow of said first hinge. In the locked position of the bolt, a first end of the bolt cooperates with a gripping surface of the first hinge so as to block the rotation of the elbow about the first pivoting axis.
[0013] In one embodiment, at least one elastic return member is in contact with a bearing surface of the bolt so as to deform when the bolt slides in translation relative to the elbow of the first hinge between its unlocked position and its locked position, or vice versa.
[0014] In one embodiment, the first hinge further includes a bolt guide configured to guide the bolt in its translation between its unlocked position and its locked position or vice versa, and at least one elastic return member is arranged between the bolt guide and the bolt.
[0015] In one embodiment, the bolt guide is fixed in a removable manner to the elbow of the first hinge.
[0016] In one embodiment, the second cam of the first hinge further includes a stop configured to exert pressure against the bolt when the second door is in its intermediate position in order to move the bolt in translation so as to decouple the first end of the bolt from the hooking surface.
[0017] In one embodiment, the access device includes a guide cam that is movable and rotatable relative to the first pin of the second hinge, and a face of the guide cam includes a first hollow and a second hollow configured to cooperate with a pin carried by the elbow of the second hinge so that when the second door is moved between its closed position and its intermediate position, the pin is moved from the first hollow to the second hollow on the face of the guide cam.
[0018] In one embodiment, an elastic return element is arranged between the guide cam and the first cam of the second hinge.
[0019] In one embodiment, the second cams of the first hinge and the second hinge each have a tongue which at least partially encloses the respective second pivoting axis of each hinge.
[0020] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle characterized in that it is equipped with an access device as described above.
[0021] These objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description of a particular embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures, among which:
[0022] Fig. 1 illustrates the different positions adopted by the second door equipped with an access device according to the invention during an opening of said second door of a motor vehicle.
[0023] Fig. 2 is a detail view of an access device according to the invention.
[0024] Figure 3 is a detail view of the first hinge of the access device. [Fig.2],
[0025] Fig. 4 is a detail view of the second hinge of the access device of Fig. 2.
[0026] Fig. 5 illustrates the different positions adopted by the first hinge and the second hinge of the access device during an opening of the second door.
[0027] Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 and illustrates the different positions adopted by the first hinge and the second hinge of the access device during an opening of the second door from another point of view.
[0028] Figure 1 illustrates a portion of a motor vehicle 10 comprising a first door 21 and a second door 22 arranged in an opposing manner to close the same opening 14 in a body 12 of the motor vehicle 10. The motor vehicle 10 is equipped with an access device 20 according to an embodiment of the invention which allows the doors 21, 22 to be opened independently of each other. Any type of motor vehicle 10 can be considered within the scope of the present invention. A trihedron with three axes X, Y, Z is illustrated in this Figure 1.
[0029] In this document, the X-axis designates the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle 10. When moving forward in a straight line, the vehicle 10 progresses from rear to front, in a direction parallel to its longitudinal axis. The X-axis is oriented from the front to the rear of the vehicle 10, that is, in the direction of reverse. The Y-axis designates the transverse axis of the vehicle 10. The Y-axis is oriented from left to right, left and right being defined from the perspective of a driver of the vehicle 10. The Z-axis designates the axis perpendicular to the X-axis and the Y-axis. The vehicle 10 is assumed to be resting on a horizontal surface. The Z-axis is a vertical axis, oriented from bottom to top. The X, Y, and Z axes form an orthogonal coordinate system. This same reference point, defined by reference to a vehicle 10, will also be used to describe the access device 20, even when considered outside the vehicle 10, since it is intended for mounting in a specific orientation within the vehicle 10.
[0030] The vehicle 10 has a pair of doors 21, 22 arranged on one side of the body 12 of the vehicle 10. The pair of doors 21, 22 comprises a first door 21 located at the front of the vehicle 10 and a second door 22 located at the rear of the vehicle 10. The two doors 21, 22 extend parallel to the longitudinal axis X of vehicle 10 when they are in the closed position.
[0031] However, it is understood that the features of the first front door 21 described herein can be incorporated into a rear door 22 and that the features of the second rear door 22 described herein can be incorporated into a front door 21.
[0032] Furthermore, the features of either door 21, 22 can be incorporated into any door 21, 22, regardless of its spatial relationship to the front, rear, or side of the motor vehicle. For example, such an access device 20 for doors 21, 22 can be installed at the rear of a vehicle 10, such as an SUV, a goods vehicle, or the like. The two doors 21, 22 could thus extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle 10 and parallel to the transverse axis Y when closed.
[0033] The body 12 includes a door opening 14 which is closed in a central region of the opening 14 by the first door 21 and the second door 22, as illustrated in the first photograph of [Fig. 1]. The first door 21 and the second door 22 are thus configured in an opposing manner to close this same opening 14. To facilitate entry and exit of the occupants of the vehicle 10, the door opening 14 does not have a pillar; that is, there is no central pillar dividing a front row of seats from a rear row of seats in the passenger compartment. There are therefore fewer obstacles in the opening 14, which is thus widened to allow passengers to get in and out of the passenger compartment, thereby facilitating entry and exit from the vehicle 10.
[0034] The first door 21 is fixed to the vehicle 10 by hinges near a front area of the perimeter of the opening 14. The first door 21 is hinged to the body 12 of the vehicle 10 around a substantially vertical axis, so that the first door 21 can be opened in a first opening direction.
[0035] The first door 21 may include an exterior door handle 23 and an interior door handle to actuate in this case a possible locking device which disengages the rear end 25 of the first door 21 from the case 12.
[0036] The second door 22 can be opened in a second direction opposite to the first direction of opening of the first door 21 in order to reach an open position. The second door 22 has a front end 24 located opposite a rear end 25 of the first door 21 when both doors 21 and 22 are in the closed position. A sealing gasket 24a may be present on this front end, as illustrated in [Fig. 1]. As illustrated in [Fig. 1], the sealing gasket 24a extends all along the front end 24 of the second door 22. When the doors 21 and 22 are closed, this sealing gasket 24a is at least partially crushed by the doors 21 and 22, which ensures the sealing of the vehicle 10 automobile.
[0037] Furthermore, at least a portion of the periphery of the opening 14 may include at least one other sealing gasket 14a. A portion of this sealing gasket 14a is visible in the last two photographs of [Fig. 1]. This sealing gasket 14a is, for example, mounted on the body 12 of the vehicle 10 so as to cover the entire periphery of the opening 14. When the doors 21 and 22 are closed, this sealing gasket 14a is also at least partially compressed by the doors 21 and 22, which ensures the sealing of the vehicle 10 all around the opening 14.
[0038] The second door 22 also has a rear end 26 located opposite the front end 24 of this same second door 22. On the second photograph of [Fig.1], it can be seen that when the second door 22 is opened, the front end 24 of the second door 22 is always located in the opening 14 while the rear end 26 is laterally offset relative to the body 12 of the vehicle 10 motor vehicle.
[0039] It is also noted that the second door 22 has a backward movement to allow alignment of the front end 24 of the second door 22 with the rear end 26, parallel to the X axis. This is particularly visible in the third photograph of [Fig.1].
[0040] When the second door 22 is pivoted to allow it to reach its opening position, visible in the fifth and last photograph of [Fig.1], the axis of rotation is then located outside the opening 14. This axis of rotation around which the second door 22 pivots is therefore offset relative to the body 12 of the motor vehicle 10.
[0041] This particular movement of the second door 22 is possible thanks to the access device 20 which allows the second door 22 to be opened independently of the first door 21. An embodiment of the access device 20 is illustrated in Figures 2, 5 and 6. In [Fig.2], the second door 22 is shown in an open position.
[0042] The access device 20 comprises a first hinge 31 and a second hinge 32, visible in Figures 2, 5, and 6. Each of said hinges 31, 32 comprises respectively a first pin 311, 321 fixed to the body 12 of the vehicle 10 and a second pin 312, 322 fixed to the second door 22. Furthermore, each of said hinges 31, 32 comprises an elbow 313, 323 rotatable relative to the first pin 311, 321 by means of a first pivoting axis A31, A32. Each elbow 313, 323 is also rotatable relative to the second pin 312, 322 by means of a second pivoting axis B31, B32.
[0043] The links 311, 312, 321 and 322 and the respective elbows 313, 323 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32 can in particular be metal parts.
[0044] The second hinge pins 312, 322 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32 may each have a tongue 315, 325 that at least partially encloses the respective second pivoting axis B31, B32 of each hinge 31, 32. These tongues 315 and 325 are particularly visible in Figures 3 and 4, which illustrate the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32, respectively. Each tongue 315, 325 has a protruding free edge against which a portion of the respective elbows 313, 323 of the hinges 31, 32 bear when the second door 22 is in its open position. The protruding free edges of the tongues 315, 325 thus form a stop for the respective elbows 313, 323 of the hinges 31, 32.
[0045] According to the embodiment of the access device 20 illustrated in [Fig. 2], the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32 are located one above the other along the vertical axis Z. In this embodiment, the first axis A31 of the first hinge 31 and the first axis A32 of the second hinge 32 are parallel to each other, or even coaxial, so as to define together a first pivot joint. Similarly, the second axis B31 of the first hinge 31 and the second axis B32 of the second hinge 32 can be parallel to each other, or even coaxial, so as to define together a second pivot joint. Furthermore, the first axes A31 and A32 are parallel to the second axes B31 and B32. In other words, all the axes A31, A32, B31, and B32 are parallel to each other.
[0046] As illustrated in Figures 2, 5, and 6, the first hinge 31 is the upper hinge; it is therefore located above the second hinge 32, which is then the lower hinge. However, the position of the hinges 31 and 32 can be modified; for example, the order of the hinges can be reversed. Thus, it is possible to imagine an access device 20 in which the first hinge 31 is the lower hinge and the second hinge 32 is the upper hinge.
[0047] In the embodiment illustrated in figures 2, 5 and 6, the first pivoting axes A31, A32 can be located at a first end of the hinge elbows 313, 323 while the second pivoting axis B31, B32 can be located at a second end of the hinge elbows 313, 323.
[0048] The elbows 313, 323 of the first hinge 31 and second hinge 32, respectively, may have a "C" shape. More particularly, the elbows 313, 323 may have several straight sections connected to each other so as to form angles of inclination between two consecutive straight sections. The angles of inclination are more particularly obtuse angles or right angles.
[0049] The various components of the access device 20 are therefore movable relative to each other to allow the second door 22 located at the rear to be opened independently of the first door 21 located at the front of the vehicle. In other words, the access device 20 contributes to the different phases of the movement of the door 22 illustrated in the photographs of [Fig. 1].
[0050] The movements of the various components of the access device 20 are illustrated in the photographs in Figures 5 and 6. Thus, in the first photographs of Figures 5 and 6, the hinges 31 and 32 are shown in the position they adopt when the second door 22 is closed. In the second photographs of Figures 5 and 6, the hinges 31 and 32 are shown in the position they adopt when the second door 22 adopts the position illustrated in the second photograph of [Fig. 1], this corresponds to the beginning of the first phase of the opening movement of the second door 22. In the third photographs of Figures 5 and 6, the hinges 31 and 32 are shown in the position they adopt when the second door 22 adopts the position illustrated in the third photograph of [Fig. 1], this corresponds to the end of the first phase of the opening movement of the second door 22.In the fourth photographs of figures 5 and 6, the hinges 31 and 32 are shown in the position they adopt when the second door 22 adopts the position illustrated in the fourth photograph of [Fig.1], this corresponds to the beginning of a second phase of the opening movement of the second door 22. Finally, in the fifth and last photographs of figures 5 and 6, the hinges 31 and 32 are shown in the position they adopt when the second door 22 adopts the open position illustrated in the fifth and last photograph of [Fig.1], this corresponds to the end of the second phase of the opening movement of the second door 22.
[0051] During the first phase of opening the second door 22, it pivots simultaneously around the first pivoting axes A31, A32 and the second pivoting axes B31, B32 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32 in its movement between a closed position of the second door 22 in which said second door 22 is flush with the body 12 of the vehicle 10 automobile and an intermediate position of the second door 22, in which the rear end 26 of the second door 22 is offset laterally with respect to the body 12 of the vehicle 10 automobile.
[0052] In other words, it is thanks to the simultaneous pivoting around the first pivoting axes A31, A32 and the second pivoting axes B31, B32 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32 that the second door 22 located at the rear can be shifted laterally and rearward relative to the body 12 of the vehicle 10 in its first opening phase. During this first opening phase, the movement of the second door 22 is similar to a translation.
[0053] In a second phase of opening the second door 22, the second door 22 pivots only around the second pivoting axes B31, B32 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32, in a rotational movement between the intermediate position of the second door 22 and an open position of the second door 22.
[0054] To do this, at least one of the two hinges 31, 32 includes a locking mechanism 33 configured to block a rotation about a first pivoting axis A31, A32 of one of the hinges 31, 32 at the end of the first opening phase, prior to the second opening phase.
[0055] As illustrated in Figures 2, 5 and 6, the locking mechanism 33 is carried by the first hinge 31, which is in this case the upper hinge in the illustrated embodiment. A preferred embodiment of the first hinge 31 with the locking mechanism 33 is illustrated in [Fig. 3].
[0056] In the preferred embodiment illustrated in [Fig.3], the locking mechanism 33 includes a bolt 34 which is configured to slide in translation relative to the elbow 313 of the first hinge 31. More particularly, the bolt 34 can slide along a straight section of the elbow 313 of the first hinge 31, in particular along the straight section of the elbow 313 which is adjacent to the first pivot axis A31 of the first hinge 31.
[0057] As illustrated in [Fig. 3], the bolt 34 has an "L" shape. The long arm of the "L" allows it to slide in a straight line along the cross-section of the elbow 313, which is adjacent to the first pivot axis A31 of the first hinge 31. Furthermore, said cross-section of the elbow 313 may have an opening 35 that allows the short arm of the "L"-shaped bolt 34 to pass through. The short arm of the "L"-shaped bolt 34 may be thicker than the long arm of the "L".
[0058] The bolt 34 of the locking mechanism 33 can slide in a straight line between an unlocked position and a locked position. The sliding of the bolt 34 is illustrated in particular in the second, third, and fourth photographs of [Fig. 6]. In the locked position of the bolt 34, visible in the fourth and fifth photographs of [Fig. 6], a first end 341 of the bolt 34 cooperates with a tang 314 of the first hinge 31 so as to block the rotation of the elbow 313 around the first pivoting axis A31. The first end 341 of the bolt 34 is located in particular at the end of the short, L-shaped arm of the bolt 34. When the bolt reaches its locked position, this marks the end of the first opening phase of the second door 22.
[0059] The first end 341 of the bolt 34 may have a lip that gives it a hook shape. This lip allows the bolt 34 to cooperate with the hooking surface 314 of the first hinge 31 so as to hold the elbow 313 against the first cam 311 in order to block the rotation of the elbow 313 around the first pivoting axis A31. The cooperation between the first end 341 of the bolt 34 and the gripping surface 314 of the first hinge 31 is more particularly illustrated in the fourth and fifth photographs of [Fig. 6].
[0060] In order to ensure that the bolt 34 remains in its locked position, the locking mechanism 33 may include at least one elastic return member 36 which is in contact with a bearing surface 343 of the bolt 34. This at least one elastic return member 36 also contributes to the repeatability of the translational movement of the bolt 34.
[0061] The elastic return element 36 may be in the form of a helical coil spring. In this case, one end of the spring is in contact with the bearing surface 343 of the bolt 34.
[0062] There may be one or more springs. In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 3], for example, there are three springs arranged side by side. The axes of the springs are parallel to the direction in which the bolt 34 is intended to move translationally.
[0063] The bearing surface 343 which is in contact with at least one elastic return member 36 can be located at the junction between the long arm and the short arm of the L-shaped bolt 34. The bearing surface 343 is in particular flat.
[0064] When the bolt 34 slides in translation relative to the elbow 313 of the first hinge 31 between its unlocked position and its locked position or vice versa, at least one elastic return member 36 is caused to deform.
[0065] In order to protect the bolt 34, the first hinge 31 may further include a bolt guide 37 configured to guide the bolt 34 in its translation between its unlocked and locked positions, or vice versa. The bolt guide 37 is, for example, arranged against the straight section of the elbow 313 along which the bolt 34 moves. In this way, the bolt guide 37 can contribute to defining a housing volume within which the bolt 34 is arranged. Furthermore, at least one elastic return element 36 is then arranged between the bolt 34 and the bolt guide 37, and more specifically between the bearing surface 343 of the bolt 34 and the bolt guide 37.
[0066] According to a preferred embodiment, the bolt guide 37 is movably fixed to the elbow 313 of the first hinge 31. In this way, the bolt guide 37 can be removed, for example, to check the wear of the bolt 34 and / or the wear of at least one elastic element 36. A bolt guide 37 movably fixed to the elbow 313 also allows for easy replacement of the bolt 34 and / or at least one elastic return element 36 is faulty or damaged without having to change the entire first hinge assembly 31.
[0067] In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig.3], the second cam 312 of the first hinge 31 further includes a stop 38 configured to exert pressure against the bolt 34 when the second door 22 is in its intermediate position in order to move the bolt 34 in translation so as to decouple the first end 341 of the bolt 34 from the gripping surface 314. In other words, the stop 38 carried by the second cam 312 of the first hinge 31 makes it possible on the one hand to move the bolt 34 in rectilinear translation during the first phase of opening the second door 22; and on the other hand the stop 38 allows the first pivoting axis A31 to be unlocked when the second door 22 is closed. The interaction between the stop 38 of the second cam 312 and the bolt 34 is illustrated in particular on the second and third photographs of [Fig.5].
[0068] In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 3], the stop 38 is in the form of a cylindrical rod. The ends of this cylindrical rod stop 38 are fixed to the second pin 312 of the first hinge 31. More precisely, the second pin 312 of the first hinge 31 may have at least one, and more particularly two, retaining tabs 39. The ends of the cylindrical rod stop 38 may, in particular, be fitted into holes located at the ends of the retaining tabs 39 of the second pin 312 of the first hinge 31.
[0069] During the second opening phase of the second door 22, it pivots around the second pivoting axes B31, B32 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge 32. During this second opening phase, the second hinges 312 and 322, which are fixed on the second door 22, are therefore made to pivot around said second pivoting axes B31, B32 at the same time as the second door 22, which also induces a displacement of the stop 38 in the form of a cylindrical rod around said second pivoting axes B31, B32.
[0070] Thus, when the second door 22 is moved from its open position to its intermediate position, the cylindrical rod-shaped stop 38 is also moved relative to the body 12 of the vehicle 10 and relative to the first hinges 311, 321 carried by said body 12 of the vehicle 10. In particular, when the second door 22 reaches its intermediate position, the cylindrical rod-shaped stop 38 comes into contact with the bolt 34 and presses against it so as to move it in a straight line. Under the pressure exerted by the stop 38 against the bolt 34, the latter is disengaged from the gripping surface 341 of the first hinge 31. The bolt 34 is thus caused to leave its locking position, which frees the rotation of the elbow 313 around the first pivoting axis A31.
[0071] In this way, the second door 22 can then be brought from its intermediate position to its closed position, since the elbows 313, 323 of the first hinge 31 and the second hinge can again pivot simultaneously around the first pivoting axes A31, A32 and the second pivoting axes B31, B32.
[0072] A door stop 50 can be carried by the second hinge pin 322 of the second hinge 32, as illustrated in [Fig. 4]. This door stop 50 slows the movement of the second door 22 when it reaches predefined opening angles. The door stop 50 acts like a damper.
[0073] As illustrated in figures 2, 4 and 5, the door stop 50 can be coaxial with the axis B31. The door stop 50 then extends parallel to the vertical axis Z.
[0074] The access device 20 may further include a guide cam 40 which is rotatable relative to the first pin 321 of the second hinge 32. This embodiment is illustrated more particularly in [Fig. 4]. The guide cam 40 assists the movement of the rear door 22 in its initial phase of movement.
[0075] In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 4], one face of the guide cam comprises a first recess 41 and a second recess (hidden by the first hinge 321 in [Fig. 4]). The first recess 41 and the second recess of the face of the guide cam 40 are configured to cooperate with a pin 43 carried by the elbow 323 of the second hinge 32 such that when the second door 22 translates between its closed position and its intermediate position, the pin 43 is moved from the first recess 41 to the second recess on the face of the guide cam 40. The pin 43 is hidden by the first hinge 321 in [Fig. 4]. The pin 43 is visible in the second, third, fourth, and fifth photographs of [Fig. 6].
[0076] The shape of the guide cam 40, in particular the first hollow 41 and the second hollow on its guide surface, ensures a smooth movement in the displacement of the elbow 323 and the second hinge 322 relative to the first hinge 321 fixed on the body 12 of the vehicle 10. When the pin 43 carried by the elbow 323 of the second hinge 32 fits into the second hollow of the face of the guide cam 40, this allows a clear stop of the movement of the second door 22 in its intermediate position at the end of the first phase of the opening movement.
[0077] However, and unlike the locking mechanism 33 carried by the first hinge 31, the cooperation between the pin 43 carried by the elbow 323 of the second hinge 32 and the second hollow of the face of the guide cam 40 does not allow the rotation of the second hinge 32 to be blocked around the first axis A32 of said hinge 32. During the second opening phase of the second door 22, the pin 43 remains lodged in the second hollow.
[0078] In the embodiment illustrated in [Fig. 4], a spring return element 45 is arranged between the guide cam 40 and the first pin 321 of the second hinge 32. The spring return element 45 may be in the form of a helical coil spring. In this case, one end of said spring is in contact with the guide cam 40 while the other end of the spring is in contact with the first pin 321 of the second hinge 32. As illustrated in [Fig. 4], the axis of the spring return element 45 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis X.
[0079] The elastic return member 45 contributes to the repeatability of the movement of the guide cam 40 relative to the first hinge 321 of the second hinge 32.
[0080] It is thus possible to design an opening device 20 for a motor vehicle 10 which has a first door 21 and a second door 22 arranged in an antagonistic manner so that the opening device 20 allows the independent opening of the second door 22 with respect to the first door 21 while ensuring the repeatability of the opening and closing movement of the second door 22 over the long term as well as the sealing at the opening 14 in the body 12 when the antagonistic doors 21, 22 are in the closed position.
Claims
1. Demands Access device (20) for a motor vehicle (10) comprising a first door (21) and a second door (22), the first door (21) and the second door (22) being configured antagonistically to close the same opening (14), characterized in that the access device (20) comprises a first hinge (31) and a second hinge (32) each comprising a first hinge pin (311, 321) fixed on a body (12) of the motor vehicle (10) and a second hinge pin (312, 322) fixed on the second door (22) and an elbow (313, 323) movable in rotation relative to the first hinge pin (311, 321) about a first pivoting axis (A31, A32), the elbow pin (313, 323) also being movable in rotation relative to the second hinge pin (312, 322) about a second axis (B31, B32) pivoting so that during a first phase of opening of the second door (22), the second door (22) pivots simultaneously around the first pivoting axes (A31, A32) and the second axes (B31,B32) pivoting of the first hinge (31) and the second hinge (32), between a closed position of the second door (22) in which said second door (22) is flush with the body (12) of the motor vehicle (10) and an intermediate position of the second door (22), in which said second door (22) is offset from the body (12) of the motor vehicle (10) and characterized in that at least one of the two hinges (31) includes a locking mechanism (33) configured to block rotation about a first pivoting axis (A31, A32) of one of the hinges (31, 32) at the end of the first opening phase, so that during a second opening phase of the second door (22), the second door (22) pivots only about the second axes (B31,B32) of pivot of the first hinge (31) and of the second hinge (32) in a rotational movement between the intermediate position of the second door (22) and an open position of the second door (22) and characterized in that the locking mechanism (33) is carried by the first hinge (31) and in that said locking mechanism (33) comprises a bolt (34) configured to slide in translation between an unlocked position and a locked position relative to the elbow (313) of said first hinge (31) and in that in the position, locked of the bolt (34), a first end (341) of the bolt (34) cooperates with a hooking surface (314) of the first hinge (31) so as to block the rotation of the elbow (313) around the first pivoting axis (A31) and characterized in that the second hinge (312) of the first hinge (31) further comprises a stop (38) configured to exert pressure against the bolt (34) when the second door (22) is in its intermediate position in order to move the bolt (34) in translation so as to decouple the first end (341) of the bolt (34) from the hooking surface (314).
2. Access device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one elastic return member (36) is in contact with a bearing surface (343) of the bolt (34) so as to deform when the bolt (34) slides in translation relative to the elbow (313) of the first hinge (31) between its unlocked position and its locked position, or vice versa.
3. Access device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first hinge (31) further comprises a bolt guide (37) configured to guide the bolt (34) in its translation between its unlocked position and its locked position or vice versa and in that at least one elastic return member (36) is arranged between the bolt guide (37) and the bolt (34).
4. Access device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the bolt guide (37) is detachably fixed to the elbow (313) of the first hinge (31).
5. Access device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a guide cam (40) rotatably movable relative to the first pin (321) of the second hinge (32) and in that one face of the guide cam (40) comprises a first hollow (41) and a second hollow configured to cooperate with a pin (43) carried by the elbow (323) of the second hinge (32) such that when the second door (22) is moved between its closed position and its intermediate position, the pin (43) is moved from the first hollow (41) to the second hollow on the face of the guide cam (40).
6. Access device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that an elastic return member (45) is arranged between the guide cam (40) and the first hinge (321) of the second hinge (32).
7. 16 Access device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second cams (312, 322) of the first hinge (31) and of the second hinge (32) each have a tongue (315, 325) which at least partially encloses the respective second pivoting axis (B31, B32) of each hinge (31, 32).
8. Motor vehicle (10), characterized in that it is equipped with an access device (20) according to any one of the preceding claims.