Test device for lifting apparatus, and vehicle equipped with such a device

Abstract

------ Test device for lifting apparatus, and vehicle equipped with such a device The invention relates to a test device (1) for lifting apparatus (3), comprising a support frame (11), a hydraulic actuator (VR1), a hydraulic circuit (12), and control means (C), the hydraulic circuit (12) comprising a pressure accumulator (AC), a flow reducer (FR1), a three-way proportional valve (TS), a first 2-2 distributor (DK), a first inlet-outlet (VR1d), a second inlet-outlet (VR1e), a second 2-2 distributor (SV4), and a hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS);and the test device (1) being configured to perform a test, by setting the three-way proportional valve (TS) to a desired regulated pressure, and for an uphill test or a position-lock test, by moving the first 2-2 distributor (DK) to the second position, and for a downhill test, by additionally moving the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) to the second position. The invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with such a device. Figure to be published: Figure 3;

Description

Title of the invention: Test device for lifting apparatus, and vehicle equipped with such a device

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of testing devices for lifting devices, and more particularly relates to a testing device for a lifting device, and a vehicle equipped with such a device.

[0002] A lifting device, for example a forklift, must be regularly checked and tested to ensure that it is suitable for safe operation. Some of the tests required by the regulations involve applying a constant load to the lifting elements, for example the lifting forks, of the lifting device and controlling the lifting device to raise, lower or lock the lifting elements in position, so as to ensure that the safety devices of the lifting device are operating correctly and in particular allow a load to be stopped and held in position.

[0003] Several test devices of different natures have been developed in the prior art. French patent FR2886013 B1 discloses, for example, a hydraulic test device designed to carry out the tests mentioned above, comprising a hydraulic cylinder, powered by a hydraulic pump motor unit regulated in pressure by an adjustable pressure limiter, and configured to drive a lifting beam applying a load to the forks of a forklift, the test device possibly being mounted on a test vehicle.

[0004] Current hydraulic test devices, however, have disadvantages. In particular, it is difficult to ensure that the load applied by the hydraulic cylinder to the lifting elements is constant throughout a test, especially when the lifting elements are moving, for example upwards or downwards. In addition, current hydraulic devices are bulky and have a significant weight, which complicates their transport between different locations where tests are to be carried out.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art solutions proposed for testing devices for lifting devices still have drawbacks and improvements are possible.

[0006] The present invention aims in particular to solve the problems indicated above by proposing a testing device for lifting equipment, and a vehicle equipped with such a device.

[0007] Thus, the present invention relates to a testing device for a lifting apparatus, comprising: a support frame, a hydraulic actuator, a body of which is connected to the support frame and one end of which is movable in translation comprises a fixing element configured for removable fixing to at least one lifting element of a lifting device, a hydraulic circuit for supplying and controlling the hydraulic actuator, and control means, characterized in that: the hydraulic circuit comprises, upstream of the hydraulic actuator, a pressure accumulator, configured to store hydraulic fluid and serve as a pressure source, a flow reducer, connected downstream of the pressure accumulator and configured to reduce a flow rate of the hydraulic fluid, a three-way proportional valve, connected downstream of the flow reducer,comprising an inlet-outlet through which hydraulic fluid is delivered downstream at a pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve and an outlet through which hydraulic fluid is discharged to a pipe leading to a hydraulic fluid reservoir according to a pressure balance relationship between an inlet of the three-way proportional valve and the inlet-outlet of the three-way proportional valve, a first 2-2 distributor, connected downstream of the inlet-outlet of the three-way proportional valve, a first position of the first 2-2 distributor preventing any passage of hydraulic fluid, and a second position of the first 2-2 distributor allowing passage of hydraulic fluid in both directions, and a first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, connected downstream of the first 2-2 distributor,a hydraulic fluid supply to the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator causing a retraction of the translationally movable end of the hydraulic actuator; the hydraulic circuit comprises, downstream of the hydraulic actuator, a second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, a hydraulic fluid supply to the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator allowing a deployment of the translationally movable end of the hydraulic actuator, a second distributor 2-2, connected downstream of the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, a first position of the second distributor 2-2 preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator towards a pipe leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir,and a second position of the second distributor 2-2 allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator to the hydraulic fluid reservoir, and the hydraulic fluid reservoir, connected downstream of both the second distributor 2-2 and the outlet of the three-way proportional valve; and the test device is configured to carry out a test, during which a constant load dependent on the pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve is applied by the hydraulic actuator to the at least one lifting element of the lifting apparatus, by setting the three-way proportional valve to the desired regulated pressure, and for a climbing test or a locking test in position of the at least one lifting element of the lifting apparatus, , by moving the first distributor 2-2 to the second position, and for a lowering test of the at least one lifting element of the lifting device, by moving the first distributor 2-2 to the second position and moving the second distributor 2-2 to the second position.

[0008] This particular configuration, incorporating in particular a pressure accumulator, makes it possible to ensure that the load applied by the hydraulic actuator during the test phases is constant throughout a test, even if the lifting elements of the lifting apparatus move during the test. This configuration also makes it possible to obtain a test device having a reduced weight and volume, which allows for example transport of the test device, if necessary of the vehicle incorporating the test device, in a utility-type transport vehicle. Finally, this configuration also allows safe operation of the test device.

[0009] According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic circuit further comprises a pressure transmitter measuring the pressure of the hydraulic fluid at the inlet-outlet of the three-way proportional valve, so as to correct a control of the three-way proportional valve and obtain the desired regulated pressure.

[0010] It will be understood that, preferably, the control means are configured to automatically correct the control of the three-way proportional valve on the basis of said measured pressure. It will also be understood that this configuration makes it possible to improve the accuracy of a test.

[0011] According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic circuit further comprises: a third distributor 2-2, connected on one side to a pipe between the pressure accumulator and the flow reducer, and connected on the other side to a pipe leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir, a first position of the third distributor 2-2 allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir, and a second position of the third distributor 2-2 preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir, a hydraulic pump, configured to deliver, upstream of the third distributor 2-2, hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic fluid reservoir intended to charge the pressure accumulator, and a pressure switch measuring a pressure at the outlet of the pressure accumulator,the pressure switch being configured to cut off a supply to the hydraulic pump when it measures a hydraulic fluid pressure greater than a predefined pressure for charging the pressure accumulator; and the test device is configured to carry out a charging of the pressure accumulator by setting the pressure switch to the predefined pressure for charging the pressure accumulator, moving the third distributor 2-2 to the second position and supplying the hydraulic pump, and to carry out a bleeding of the pressure accumulator by moving the third distributor 2-2 to the first position, position.

[0012] This configuration makes it possible in particular to recharge the pressure accumulator with hydraulic fluid, possibly during a test, preferably between two test phases. It will be understood that being able to recharge the pressure accumulator makes it possible to use a smaller pressure accumulator, which makes it possible in particular to reduce the weight and volume of the test device, for example to facilitate transport thereof and / or, where appropriate, to facilitate its integration into a vehicle.

[0013] It will also be understood that, when the test device comprises a third distributor 2-2, the latter must be moved to the second position to allow tests to be carried out, and to avoid purging of the pressure accumulator.

[0014] According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic circuit further comprises a pressure limiter connected to the inlet upstream of the third distributor 2-2 and connected to the outlet downstream of the third distributor 2-2, the pressure limiter being configured to allow a diversion of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid upstream of the third distributor 2-2 is greater than a threshold value.

[0015] It will be understood that this configuration makes it possible to improve the safety of use of the test device.

[0016] According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic circuit further comprises: a first relief valve connected to a pipe between the first distributor 2-2 and the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, the first relief valve comprising a non-return valve preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first distributor 2-2 and the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, and a pressure limiter, optionally adjustable, allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first distributor 2-2 and the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is greater than a threshold value, a second relief valve connected to a pipe between the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator and the second distributor 2-2,the second relief valve comprising a non-return valve preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipeline between the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator and the second distributor 2-2, and a distributor 3-2, connected on one side to the hydraulic pump and on the other side both upstream of the third distributor 2-2 and to a hydraulic node, a first position of the distributor 3-2 allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic node, and a second position of the distributor 3-2 allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump to the upstream of the third distributor 2-2; and the hydraulic node is fluidically connected to at least one of: , a 4-2 distributor, a first position of the 4-2 distributor preventing any passage of hydraulic fluid, and a second position of the 4-2 distributor allowing both a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump to the second relief valve then to the pipe between the second 2-2 distributor and the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, and a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor and the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator and passing through the first relief valve, when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is greater than the threshold value, to the hydraulic fluid reservoir; and a 4-3 distributor, a first position of the 4-3 distributor preventing any passage of hydraulic fluid,a second position of the distributor 4-3 allowing both a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump to the second relief valve then to the pipe between the second distributor 2-2 and the second inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator, and a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first distributor 2-2 and the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator and passing through the first relief valve, when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is greater than the threshold value, to the hydraulic fluid reservoir, and a third position of the distributor 4-3 allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump to the first relief valve then to the pipe between the first distributor 2-2 and the first inlet-outlet of the hydraulic actuator.

[0017] This configuration makes it possible in particular to use the distributor 4-2 and the distributor 4-3 to control the hydraulic actuator outside the testing phases of the lifting device. In the case where the hydraulic actuator is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, it will be understood that the distributor 4-2 and the distributor 4-3 can be used to move the rod of the hydraulic cylinder piston, in particular so as to prepare a test or, where appropriate, so as to move a movable plate.

[0018] It will also be understood that, when the test device comprises a 3-2 distributor, the latter must be moved to the second position to allow the pressure accumulator to be charged with hydraulic fluid.

[0019] According to a particular embodiment, at least one channel of the distributor 4-3 is configured to reduce a flow rate of the hydraulic fluid passing through said channel.

[0020] It will be understood that the use of paths configured to reduce the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid makes it possible to control the hydraulic actuator at low speed, which allows for example more precise positioning and safer use thereof.

[0021] According to a particular embodiment, in testing, the hydraulic actuator is connected to the support frame and to the at least one lifting element of the lifting apparatus such that such that the translationally movable end of the hydraulic actuator moves in a vertical direction, such that the load applied by the hydraulic actuator to the at least one lifting element of the lifting apparatus is directed vertically.

[0022] According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic circuit further comprises a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure at the outlet of the pressure accumulator.

[0023] According to a particular embodiment, the pressure accumulator is one of a hydropneumatic accumulator, a bladder hydraulic accumulator, a membrane hydraulic accumulator, and a piston hydraulic accumulator.

[0024] It will be understood that these types of accumulator have the particular advantage of being able to provide high hydraulic fluid pressure while having a compact volume. Preferably, the hydraulic fluid is oil.

[0025] According to a particular embodiment, the hydraulic actuator is one of: a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, and a combination of a hydraulic motor and means for transforming rotation into translation, preferably a drum and a cable wound and unwound on the drum.

[0026] It will be understood that as a variant the test device could comprise several hydraulic actuators mounted in parallel.

[0027] It will also be understood that, if the hydraulic actuator is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the translationally movable end is a distal end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. It will also be understood that, if the hydraulic actuator is a combination of a hydraulic motor, a drum and a cable wound and unwound on the drum, the translationally movable end is an end of the cable intended to be fixed to the lifting elements using the fixing element.

[0028] It will be understood that, if the hydraulic actuator is a combination of a hydraulic motor, configured to generate a rotation, and means for transforming a rotation into translation (a drum and a cable wound and unwound on the drum), the device may further comprise a pulley configured to orient the cable between the lifting elements and the drum, for example to orient the cable vertically.

[0029] According to a particular embodiment, at least one distributor is chosen from a manually controlled distributor, an electrically controlled distributor, an electromagnetically controlled distributor and a hydraulically controlled distributor.

[0030] It will be understood that, preferably, the first positions of the distributors are rest positions towards which the distributors are biased, for example by spring, in the absence of a command from the control means. It will also be understood that the chosen rest positions make it possible to improve the safety of use of the test device.

[0031] According to a particular embodiment, the test device comprises at least one position sensor configured to detect at least one end-of-travel position of the translationally movable end of the hydraulic actuator.

[0032] Preferably, the test device comprises two position sensors, each configured to detect a respective end-of-travel position. It will also be understood that the use of position sensors makes it possible in particular to improve the safety of the test device.

[0033] According to a particular embodiment, the fixing element is configured to fix the translationally movable end of the hydraulic actuator to lifting forks of a lifting device of the forklift type.

[0034] According to a particular embodiment, the test device further comprises a tray connected to the support frame and configured to receive wheels of the lifting apparatus during a test.

[0035] It will be understood that the wheels received by the platform can for example be the front wheels of a forklift.

[0036] According to a particular embodiment, the plate is movable by pivoting and the fixing element of the hydraulic actuator can be selectively fixed to the movable plate in a removable manner to pivot the movable plate, before or after a test of the lifting device.

[0037] It will be understood that this configuration is preferably associated with a hydraulic circuit comprising the distributor 4-2 and the distributor 4-3.

[0038] According to a particular embodiment, the control means are constituted by one or more of one or more manual controls, an electric control unit, a hydraulic control unit, an electronic circuit, an electronic circuit associated with a controllable hydraulic distributor.

[0039] It will be understood that the control means are preferably chosen according to the nature of the distributors.

[0040] The invention further relates to a vehicle equipped with a testing device according to the invention, the chassis of the vehicle carrying the support frame and the hydraulic circuit.

[0041] It will be understood that such a vehicle makes it easier to transport the test device and carry out the tests. It will also be understood that a test device according to the invention is particularly suitable for being integrated into a vehicle.

[0042] A particular embodiment of the present invention will now be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] In these drawings:

[0044] [Fig-1] is a side view of a vehicle equipped with a testing device for lifting apparatus, in transport position, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0045] [Fig.2] is a side view of the vehicle equipped with the device test device lifting of [Fig.l], in the test position of a lifting device.

[0046] [Fig.3] is a schematic representation of the hydraulic circuit for supplying and controlling the hydraulic actuator of the lifting apparatus test device of [Fig.l],

[0047] If we first refer to Figures 1 and 2, we can see that a vehicle 2 is shown therein equipped with a testing device 1 for lifting apparatus 3 according to the invention.

[0048] The vehicle 2 comprises a chassis 21 configured to carry a support frame 11 and a hydraulic circuit 12 of the test device 1.

[0049] It will however be understood that according to a variant not shown, the support frame 11 and the hydraulic circuit 12 of the test device 1 can be carried by a fixed structure, for example a structure placed on the ground or a structure configured to be anchored in the ground, for example in a storage warehouse or a technical center for the maintenance of lifting equipment.

[0050] The vehicle 2 further comprises wheels for moving and is configured to move from a transport position, shown in [Fig.l], to a test position, shown in [Fig.2].

[0051] Although the lifting apparatus 3 shown in [Fig.2] is of the forklift type, it will be understood that other lifting apparatuses 3 can also be tested with the test device 1 according to the invention.

[0052] A test device 1 for lifting apparatus 3 according to the invention comprises the support frame 11, a hydraulic actuator VR1, the hydraulic circuit 12 for supplying and controlling the hydraulic actuator VR1, and control means C.

[0053] Preferably and as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the test device 1 further comprises a tray 13 connected to the support frame 11 and configured to receive wheels of the lifting apparatus 3, for example front wheels of a forklift, during a test. Still preferably, the tray 13 is pivotally movable and a fixing element VR1c of the hydraulic actuator VR1 can be selectively fixed to the movable tray 13 in a removably manner to pivot the movable tray 13, before or after a test of the lifting apparatus 3. It will be understood that the vehicle shown in Figures 1 and 2 is in the transport position when the tray 13 is raised vertically, and is in the test position when the tray 13 is tilted horizontally and resting on the ground.

[0054] The hydraulic actuator VR1 comprises a body VR1a configured to be connected to the support frame 11 and a translationally movable end VR1b which comprises the fixing element VR1c configured for removable fixing to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3.

[0055] Preferably, and as illustrated in [Fig.2], the fixing element VRlc is configured to fix the translationally movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1 to lifting forks of a lifting device 3 of the forklift type. In this case, the fixing element VRlc is preferably a spreader bar connected to the translationally movable end VRlb, for example by a ring or a ball joint. It will be understood, however, that the structure of the lifting elements 31 may change depending on the type of lifting device 3 tested, the lifting device 3 could for example comprise a single lifting element 31, and that other technical solutions may be used for the fixing element VRlc, in particular to adapt to the structure of the lifting elements 31, the fixing element VRlc being able for example to comprise hooks, straps, a spreader bar, suction cups, gripping grippers, etc.

[0056] Preferably and as shown in [Fig.2], the test device 1 is configured such that, in testing, the hydraulic actuator VR1 is connected to the support frame 11 and to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3 in such a way that the translationally movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1 moves in a vertical direction, such that the load applied by the hydraulic actuator VR1 to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3 is directed vertically. It will be understood, however, that, according to other variants, the test device 1 could be configured such that the load applied by the hydraulic actuator VR1 to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3 is inclined at a predetermined angle relative to the vertical.

[0057] According to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, the hydraulic actuator VR1 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and the translationally movable end VR1b is a distal end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. However, according to a variant not shown, the hydraulic actuator VR1 may be a combination of a hydraulic motor, configured to generate rotation, and means for transforming rotation into translation, preferably a drum and a cable wound and unwound on the drum, possibly in combination with a pulley configured to orient the cable between the lifting elements 31 and the drum, for example to orient the cable vertically.It will be understood that in the case where the hydraulic actuator VR1 is a combination of a hydraulic motor, a drum and a cable wound and unwound on the drum, the translationally movable end VRlb is an end of the cable intended to be fixed to the lifting elements 31 using the fixing element VRlc. It will also be understood that as a variant the test device 1 could comprise several hydraulic actuators VR1 mounted in parallel.

[0058] If we also refer to [Fig. 3], we can see that the hydraulic circuit 12 according to the invention comprises, upstream of the hydraulic actuator VR1, a battery pressure regulator AC, a flow reducer FRI, a three-way proportional valve TS, a first 2-2 distributor DK, and a first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1, fluidically connected to each other. Still with reference to [Fig. 3], it can be seen that the hydraulic circuit 12 according to the invention further comprises, downstream of the hydraulic actuator VR1, a second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1, a second 2-2 distributor SV4, and a hydraulic fluid reservoir RS, fluidically connected to each other.

[0059] The pressure accumulator AC is configured to store hydraulic fluid and serve as a pressure source. Preferably, the pressure accumulator AC is one of a hydropneumatic accumulator, a bladder hydraulic accumulator, a diaphragm hydraulic accumulator, and a piston hydraulic accumulator. It will be understood that these types of accumulator have the particular advantage of being able to provide high hydraulic fluid pressure while having a compact volume. Still preferably, the hydraulic fluid is oil.

[0060] The flow reducer FRI is connected downstream of the pressure accumulator AC and is configured to reduce a flow rate of the hydraulic fluid exiting the pressure accumulator AC.

[0061] The three-way proportional valve TS is connected downstream of the flow reducer FRI and comprises an inlet TSa, an inlet-outlet TSb and an outlet TSc. In addition, the three-way proportional valve TS is configured such that hydraulic fluid enters the three-way proportional valve TS through the inlet TSa, hydraulic fluid is delivered downstream through the inlet-outlet TSb at a pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve TS, and hydraulic fluid is discharged through the outlet TSc to a pipeline leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS according to a pressure balance relationship between the inlet TSa of the three-way proportional valve TS and the inlet-outlet TSb of the three-way proportional valve TS.The TS three-way proportional valve allows the hydraulic fluid pressure to be regulated extremely quickly and precisely, and if necessary, excess hydraulic fluid to be discharged to the RS hydraulic fluid reservoir.

[0062] The first distributor 2-2 DK is connected downstream of the inlet-outlet TSb of the three-way proportional valve TS, and is configured such that a first position of the first distributor 2-2 DK prevents any passage of hydraulic fluid and a second position of the first distributor 2-2 DK allows passage of hydraulic fluid in both directions.

[0063] The first input-output VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 is connected downstream of the first distributor 2-2 DK, and the hydraulic actuator VR1 is configured such that a supply of hydraulic fluid to the first input-output VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 causes a retraction of the movable end in translation VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1. The hydraulic actuator VR1 is further configured such that a supply of hydraulic fluid to the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 allows deployment of the translationally movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1. It will be understood that in the case where the hydraulic actuator VR1 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 is a chamber on the piston rod side of the hydraulic cylinder and the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 is a chamber on the bottom side of the hydraulic cylinder.It will also be understood that in the case where the hydraulic actuator VR1 is the combination of a hydraulic motor and means for transforming a rotation into translation, the first input-output VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 is an input-output of the hydraulic motor making it possible to generate a rotation in a first direction, and the second input-output VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 is an input-output of the hydraulic motor making it possible to generate a rotation in a second direction, opposite to the first direction.

[0064] The second distributor 2-2 SV4 is connected downstream of the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1, and is configured such that a first position of the second distributor 2-2 SV4 prevents a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 towards a pipe leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS and that a second position of the second distributor 2-2 SV4 allows a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 towards the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS.

[0065] The hydraulic fluid reservoir RS is connected downstream of both the second 2-2 distributor SV4 and the output TSc of the three-way proportional valve TS.

[0066] The test device 1 according to the invention is further configured to carry out a test, during which a constant load, dependent on the pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve TS, is applied by the hydraulic actuator VR1 to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3.

[0067] A user can perform a lifting test or a position locking test of the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3, by adjusting the three-way proportional valve TS to the desired regulated pressure, and by moving the first distributor 2-2 DK to the second position.

[0068] It will be understood that during a climbing test, it is the lifting device 3 being tested which causes the translational movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1 to move. It will therefore be understood that hydraulic fluid is discharged from the first inlet-outlet VRld to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS via the three-way proportional valve TS, and that hydraulic fluid is sucked in by the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 from the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS, via the second 2-2 distributor SV4. It will also be understood that such suction of hydraulic fluid can be enabled by different configurations of the second 2-2 distributor SV4. Preferably and as shown in [Fig.3], the second 2-2 distributor SV4 is configured to allow, in the first position, a passage of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS to the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator. According to a variant, the second 2-2 distributor SV4 can be configured to allow, in the second position, a passage of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS to the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator. It will then be understood that the second 2-2 distributor SV4 must be moved to the second position to allow an uphill test.

[0069] A user can perform a lowering test of the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3, by adjusting the three-way proportional valve TS to the desired regulated pressure, and by moving the first distributor 2-2 DK to the second position and moving the second distributor 2-2 SV4 to the second position.

[0070] It will be understood that during the tests, the user also operates the lifting apparatus 3 to respectively control a raising, a locking in position or a lowering of the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3, so as to test the safety devices of the lifting apparatus 3.

[0071] Preferably and as shown in [Fig. 3], the hydraulic circuit 12 further comprises a pressure transmitter PT configured to measure the pressure of the hydraulic fluid at the inlet-outlet TSb of the three-way proportional valve TS, and the control means C are further configured to correct a control of the three-way proportional valve TS on the basis of the measured pressure and obtain the desired regulated pressure.

[0072] According to the embodiment shown in [Fig. 3], the hydraulic circuit further comprises a third distributor 2-2 SV5, a hydraulic pump M, and a pressure switch PS, such that the pressure accumulator AC can be recharged with hydraulic fluid, possibly during a test, preferably between two test phases. It will be understood that being able to recharge the pressure accumulator AC makes it possible to use a smaller pressure accumulator AC, which in particular makes it possible to reduce the weight and volume of the test device 1, for example to facilitate transport thereof and, where appropriate, to facilitate its integration into a vehicle 2.

[0073] The third distributor 2-2 SV5 is connected, on one side, to a pipe between the pressure accumulator AC and the flow reducer FRI and is connected, on the other side, to a pipe leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS. The third 2-2 SV5 distributor is further configured such that a first position of the third 2-2 SV5 distributor allows passage of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS, and a second position of the third 2-2 SV5 distributor prevents passage of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS.

[0074] The hydraulic pump M is configured to deliver, upstream of the third distributor 2-2 SV5, hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS intended to charge the pressure accumulator AC.

[0075] The pressure switch PS is configured to measure a pressure at the outlet of the pressure accumulator AC, and to cut off a power supply to the hydraulic pump M when it measures a hydraulic fluid pressure greater than a predefined charging pressure of the pressure accumulator AC.

[0076] According to the embodiment shown in [Fig. 3], the test device 1 is configured to allow a user to charge the pressure accumulator AC by setting the pressure switch PS to the predefined pressure for charging the pressure accumulator AC, moving the third distributor 2-2 SV5 to the second position and supplying the hydraulic pump M. Furthermore, the test device 1 is further configured to allow a user to purge the pressure accumulator AC by moving the third distributor 2-2 SV5 to the first position.

[0077] Preferably, and as shown in [Fig. 3], the hydraulic circuit 12 further comprises a pressure limiter RV2 connected to the inlet upstream of the third distributor 2-2 SV5 and connected to the outlet downstream of the third distributor 2-2 SV5. It will be understood that the pressure limiter RV2 is configured to allow a diversion of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid upstream of the third distributor 2-2 SV5 is greater than a threshold value, in particular for safety purposes.

[0078] Preferably and as shown in [Fig. 3], the hydraulic circuit 12 further comprises a first relief valve CPI, a second relief valve CP2, a 3-2 distributor SV1, a hydraulic node N, a 4-2 distributor SV2, and a 4-3 distributor SV3.

[0079] It will also be understood from reading the following that, according to other variants, the hydraulic circuit 12 can comprise only the distributor 4-2 SV2 or only the distributor 4-3 SV3.

[0080] The first relief valve CPI is connected to a pipe between the first distributor 2-2 DK and the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1. The first relief valve CPI comprises a non-return valve CP1a preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipe between the first distributor 2-2 DK and the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1, and a pressure limiter CPlb, optionally adjustable, allowing passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipe between the first distributor 2-2 DK and the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is higher than a threshold value. It will be understood that said threshold value is chosen according to the dimensions of the test device 1 and the needs.

[0081] The second relief valve CP2 is connected to a pipe between the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 and the second 2-2 distributor SV4. The second relief valve CP2 comprises a non-return valve preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipe between the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 and the second 2-2 distributor SV4.

[0082] The 3-2 SV 1 distributor is connected on one side to the hydraulic pump M and on the other side both upstream of the third 2-2 SV5 distributor and to the hydraulic node N. The 3-2 SV1 distributor is configured such that a first position of the 3-2 SV 1 distributor allows a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump M towards the hydraulic node, and that a second position of the 3-2 SV1 distributor allows a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump M towards the upstream of the third 2-2 SV5 distributor.

[0083] The hydraulic node N is fluidically connected to the 4-2 distributor SV2 and to the 4-3 distributor SV3.

[0084] As indicated above, according to other variants, the hydraulic circuit 12 may comprise only the distributor 4-2 SV2 or only the distributor 4-3 SV3. It will therefore be understood that the hydraulic node N is then connected only to the distributor 4-2 SV2 or only to the distributor 4-3 SV3.

[0085] The 4-2 distributor SV2 is configured such that a first position of the 4-2 distributor SV2 prevents any passage of hydraulic fluid, and a second position of the 4-2 distributor SV2 allows both a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump M to the second relief valve CP2, then to the pipe between the second 2-2 distributor SV4 and the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1, and a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor DK and the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 and passing through the first relief valve CPI, when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is greater than the threshold value, to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS.

[0086] The 4-3 SV3 distributor is configured such that a first position of the 4-3 SV3 distributor prevents any passage of hydraulic fluid, and a second position of the 4-3 SV3 distributor allows both a passage of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump M to the second relief valve CP2 then to the pipe between the second 2-2 distributor SV4 and the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1, and a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor DK and the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1 and passing through the first relief valve CPI, when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is higher than the threshold value, to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS, and a third position of the 4-3 distributor SV3 allows a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump M to the first relief valve CPI then to the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor DK and the first inlet-outlet VRld of the hydraulic actuator VR1.

[0087] It will be understood that the distributor 4-2 SV2 and the distributor 4-3 SV3 make it possible to control the hydraulic actuator VR1 outside the test phases of the lifting device 3. In the case where the hydraulic actuator VR1 is a double-action hydraulic cylinder, it will be understood that the distributor 4-2 SV2 and the distributor 4-3 SV3 can be used to move the rod of the hydraulic cylinder piston, in particular so as to prepare a test or, where appropriate, so as to move the movable plate 13.

[0088] Preferably, the channels of the 4-3 distributor SV3 are configured to reduce a flow rate of the hydraulic fluid passing through said channels. It will be understood that, according to variants, only some of the channels could be configured to reduce the flow rate. It will also be understood that the use of channels configured to reduce the flow rate makes it possible to control the hydraulic actuator VR1 at low speed, which allows for example more precise positioning and safer use thereof.

[0089] Preferably and as shown in [Fig. 3], the test device 1 further comprises position sensors CTI, CT2, each configured to detect a respective end-of-travel position of the translationally movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1, and the hydraulic circuit 12 further comprises a pressure gauge MN configured to measure the pressure at the outlet of the pressure accumulator AC.

[0090] We will now briefly describe the phases of charging the pressure accumulator AC, purging the pressure accumulator AC, and testing a lifting device 3, for a test device 1 according to the embodiment shown in [Fig.3].

[0091] To charge the pressure accumulator AC, using the control means C, the user sets the pressure switch PS to the predefined charging pressure of the pressure accumulator AC, moves the third distributor 2-2 SV5 to the second position and supplies the hydraulic pump M to actuate it. It will also be understood that the user first moves, using the means control valve C, the 3-2 SV 1 distributor in second position, to send the hydraulic fluid to the third 2-2 SV5 distributor and to the pressure accumulator AC.

[0092] It will also be understood that, if necessary, a charging of the pressure accumulator AC can be carried out during one of the test phases described below, but that, preferably, the charging of the pressure accumulator AC is carried out between the test phases.

[0093] To purge the pressure accumulator AC, using the control means C, the user moves the third distributor 2-2 SV5 to the first position.

[0094] It will therefore be understood that to carry out the tests, the user first moves, using the control means C, the third distributor 2-2 SV5 to the second position, so as not to purge the pressure accumulator AC.

[0095] Once the translationally movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1 is fixed to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3 to be tested, a test in ascent, in position locking or in descent can be carried out, during which a constant load, depending on the pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve TS, is applied by the hydraulic actuator VR1 to the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3.

[0096] To carry out a climbing test or a position locking test of the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3, using the control means C, the user sets the three-way proportional valve TS to the desired regulated pressure, and moves the first distributor 2-2 DK to the second position.

[0097] As mentioned above, it will be understood that during a climbing test, it is the lifting apparatus 3 being tested which causes the translational movable end VRlb of the hydraulic actuator VR1 to move. It will therefore be understood that hydraulic fluid is discharged from the first inlet-outlet VRld to the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS via the three-way proportional valve TS, and that hydraulic fluid is sucked in by the second inlet-outlet VRle of the hydraulic actuator VR1 from the hydraulic fluid reservoir RS, via the second 2-2 distributor SV4. It will therefore be understood that, in the case of the non-preferred variant mentioned above in which the second 2-2 distributor SV4 is configured to allow said suction only in the second position, the user should also move, using the control means C, the second 2-2 distributor SV4 to the second position.

[0098] To carry out a descent test of the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3, using the control means C, the user sets the three-way proportional valve TS to the desired regulated pressure, moves the first distributor 2-2 DK in second position and moves the second 2-2 distributor SV4 to second position.

[0099] It will be understood that during the tests, the user also operates the lifting apparatus 3 to respectively control a raising, a locking in position or a lowering of the lifting elements 31 of the lifting apparatus 3, so as to test the safety devices of the lifting apparatus 3.

[0100] It will also be understood that, preferably, the first positions of the distributors DK, SV1, SV2, SV3 SV4, SV5 are rest positions towards which the distributors DK, SV1, SV2, SV3 SV4, SV5 are biased, for example by spring, in the absence of a command coming from the control means C. It will also be understood that the rest positions chosen make it possible to improve the safety of use of the test device 1.

[0101] According to the invention, each distributor DK, SV1, SV2, SV3 SV4, SV5 can be chosen from a manually controlled distributor, an electrically controlled distributor, an electromagnetically controlled distributor and a hydraulically controlled distributor, and, correspondingly, the control means C are constituted by one or more of one or more manual controls, an electrical control unit, a hydraulic control unit, an electronic circuit, an electronic circuit associated with a controllable hydraulic distributor.

[0102] It will be understood, however, that manual controls are not preferred, in particular to allow remote control of the test device 1 using the control means C.

[0103] For the purposes of the invention, an XY distributor is understood to mean a distributor comprising X fluid orifices and capable of moving between Y positions.

[0104] It is understood that the particular embodiment which has just been described has been given for informational purposes and is not limiting, and that modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claims

1. - Test device (1) for lifting apparatus (3), comprising: a support frame (11), a hydraulic actuator (VR1), a body (VRla) of which is connected to the support frame (11) and a translationally movable end (VRlb) of which comprises a fixing element (VRlc) configured for removable fixing to at least one lifting element (31) of a lifting device (3), a hydraulic circuit (12) for supplying and controlling the hydraulic actuator (VR1), and control means (C), characterized in that: the hydraulic circuit (12) comprises, upstream of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), a pressure accumulator (AC), configured to store hydraulic fluid and serve as a pressure source, a flow reducer (FRI), connected downstream of the pressure accumulator (AC) and configured to reduce a flow rate of the hydraulic fluid, a three-way proportional valve (TS), connected downstream of the flow reducer (FRI), comprising an inlet-outlet (TSb) through which hydraulic fluid is delivered downstream at a pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve (TS) and an outlet (TSc) through which hydraulic fluid is discharged to a pipe leading to a hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS) according to a pressure balance relationship between an inlet (TSa) of the three-way proportional valve (TS) and the inlet-outlet (TSb) of the three-way proportional valve (TS), a first 2-2 distributor (DK), connected downstream of the inlet-outlet (TSb) of the three-way proportional valve (TS),a first position of the first 2-2 distributor (DK) preventing any passage of hydraulic fluid, and a second position of the first 2-2 distributor (DK) allowing passage of hydraulic fluid in both directions, and a first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), connected downstream of the first 2-2 distributor (DK), a supply of hydraulic fluid to the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) causing a retraction of the translationally movable end (VRlb) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1);,

2. the hydraulic circuit (12) comprises, downstream of the hydraulic actuator (VR1): a second input-output (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), a hydraulic fluid supply to the second input-output (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) allowing deployment of the translationally movable end (VRlb) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), a second 2-2 distributor (SV4), connected downstream of the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), a first position of the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) to a pipe leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), and a second position of the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), and the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), connected downstream of both the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) and the outlet (TSc) of the three-way proportional valve (TS); and the test device (1) is configured to carry out a test, during which a constant load dependent on the pressure regulated by the three-way proportional valve (TS) is applied by the hydraulic actuator (VR1) to the at least one lifting element (31) of the lifting apparatus (3), by setting the three-way proportional valve (TS) to the desired regulated pressure, and for an ascent test or a position locking test of the at least one lifting element (31) of the lifting device (3), by moving the first 2-2 distributor (DK) to the second position, and for a descent test of the at least one lifting element (31) of the lifting device (3), by moving the first 2-2 distributor (DK) to the second position and moving the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) to the second position. - Test device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic circuit (12) further comprises a pressure transmitter (PT) measuring the pressure of the hydraulic fluid at T input-output (TSb) of the three-way proportional valve (TS), so as to correct a command of the three-way proportional valve (TS) and obtain the desired regulated pressure.

3. - Test device (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: the hydraulic circuit (12) further comprises: a third 2-2 distributor (SV5), connected on one side to a pipe between the pressure accumulator (AC) and the flow reducer (FRI), and connected on the other side to a pipe leading to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), a first position of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), and a second position of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), a hydraulic pump (M), configured to deliver, upstream of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5), hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS) intended to charge the pressure accumulator (AC),and a pressure switch (PS) measuring an outlet pressure of the pressure accumulator (AC), the pressure switch (PS) being configured to cut off a supply of the hydraulic pump (M) when it measures a hydraulic fluid pressure greater than a predefined charging pressure of the pressure accumulator (AC); and the test device (1) is configured to carry out a charging of the pressure accumulator (AC) by setting the pressure switch (PS) to the predefined charging pressure of the pressure accumulator (AC), moving the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) to the second position and supplying the hydraulic pump (M), and to carry out a bleeding of the pressure accumulator (AC) by moving the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) to the first position.,

4. - Test device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydraulic circuit further comprises a pressure limiter (RV2) connected at the inlet upstream of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) and connected at the outlet downstream of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5), the pressure limiter (RV2) being configured to allow a diversion of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS) when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid upstream of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) is greater than a threshold value.

5. - Test device (1) according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that: the hydraulic circuit (12) further comprises: a first relief valve (CPI) connected to a pipe between the first 2-2 distributor (DK) and the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), the first relief valve (CPI) comprising a non-return valve (CPla) preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor (DK) and the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), and a pressure limiter (CPlb), optionally adjustable, allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor (DK) and the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is greater than a threshold value, a second relief valve (CP2) connected to a pipeline between the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) and the second 2-2 distributor (SV4), the second relief valve (CP2) comprising a non-return valve preventing a passage of hydraulic fluid from the pipeline between the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) and the second 2-2 distributor (SV4), and a 3-2 distributor (SV1), connected on one side to the hydraulic pump (M) and on the other side both upstream of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5) and to a hydraulic node (N), a first position of the 3-2 distributor (SV1) allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump (M) towards the hydraulic node (N), and a second position of the 3-2 distributor (SV1) allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump (M) towards the upstream of the third 2-2 distributor (SV5); and the hydraulic node (N) is fluidically connected to at least one of: a 4-2 distributor (SV2), a first position of the 4-2 distributor (SV2) preventing any passage of hydraulic fluid, and a second position of the 4-2 distributor (SV2) allowing both a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump (M) to the second relief valve (CP2) then to the pipe between the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) and the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), and a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor (DK) and the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) and passing through the first relief valve (CPI), when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is higher than the threshold value, to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS); and a 4-3 distributor (SV3), a first position of the 4-3 distributor (SV3) preventing any passage of hydraulic fluid, a second position of the 4-3 distributor (SV3) allowing both a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump (M) to the second relief valve (CP2) then to the pipe between the second 2-2 distributor (SV4) and the second inlet-outlet (VRle) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1), and a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor (DK) and the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) and passing through the first relief valve (CPI), when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in said pipe is higher than the threshold value,to the hydraulic fluid reservoir (RS), and a third position of the 4-3 distributor (SV3) allowing a passage of hydraulic fluid coming from the hydraulic pump (M) to the first relief valve (CPI) then to the pipe between the first 2-2 distributor (DK) and the first inlet-outlet (VRld) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1).,

6. - Test device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one channel of the distributor 4-3 (SV3) is configured to reduce a flow rate of the hydraulic fluid passing through said channel.

7. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in testing, the hydraulic actuator (VR1) is connected to the support frame (11) and to the at least one lifting element (31) of the lifting apparatus (3) in such a way that the translationally movable end (VRlb) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) moves in a vertical direction, so that the load applied by the hydraulic actuator (VR1) on the at least one lifting element (31) of the lifting apparatus (3) is directed vertically.

8. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the hydraulic circuit (12) further comprises a pressure gauge (MN) for measuring the pressure at the outlet of the pressure accumulator (AC).

9. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pressure accumulator (AC) is one of a hydropneumatic accumulator, a hy- bladder hydraulic accumulator, diaphragm hydraulic accumulator, and piston hydraulic accumulator.

10. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hydraulic actuator (VR1) is one of: a double-action hydraulic cylinder, and a combination of a hydraulic motor and means for transforming rotation into translation, preferably a drum and a cable wound and unwound on the drum.

11. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one distributor (DK, SV1, SV2, SV3 SV4, SV5) is chosen from a manually controlled distributor, an electrically controlled distributor, an electromagnetically controlled distributor and a hydraulically controlled distributor.

12. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the test device (1) comprises at least one position sensor (CTI, CT2) configured to detect at least one end-of-travel position of the translationally movable end of the hydraulic actuator (VR1).

13. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the fixing element (VRlc) is configured to fix the translationally movable end (VRlb) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) to lifting forks of a lifting device (3) of the forklift type.

14. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the test device (1) further comprises a tray (13) connected to the support frame (11) and configured to receive wheels of the lifting apparatus (3) during a test.

15. - Test device (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that the plate (13) is pivotally movable and the fixing element (VRlc) of the hydraulic actuator (VR1) can be selectively fixed to the movable plate (13) in a removable manner to pivot the movable plate (13), before or after a test of the lifting device (3).

16. - Test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the control means (C) are constituted by one or more of one or more manual controls, an electrical control unit, a hydraulic control unit, an electronic circuit, an electronic circuit associated with a controllable hydraulic distributor.

17. - Vehicle (2) equipped with a test device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, the chassis (21) of the vehicle (2) carrying the support frame (11) and the hydraulic circuit (12).

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