Very high temperature heat pump and very high temperature heat production method

Abstract

Very high temperature heat pump and method for producing heat at very high temperature Very high temperature heat pump comprising - an open fluid circuit comprising a circulating fluid, the circulating fluid being air, - the circuit comprising - an air inlet and an air outlet, - a thermal energy recovery module arranged on the fluid circuit is configured to transmit thermal energy to the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit, - a turbomachine comprising a compressor and a turbine arranged on the same axis, - a heat exchanger ensuring heat transfer from the circulating fluid of the heat pump to a source to be heated, and the circuit fluidly connecting the air inlet to the thermal energy recovery module, the thermal energy recovery module to the compressor of the turbomachine, the compressor of the turbomachine to the heat exchanger,the heat exchanger at the turbomachine turbine, the turbomachine turbine at the air outlet. Figure for abstract: Fig.1,

Description

Title of the invention: Very high temperature heat pump and method for producing very high temperature heat Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a very high temperature heat pump. It will find its application in industry for industrial processes requiring calories and frigories or in processes using heat for the production of electrical energy. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] Conventional heat pumps use phase change fluids and enable thermal energy production at temperatures of around 120°C maximum.

[0003] Developments exist concerning heat pumps with higher discharge temperatures, of the order of 200°C, but these developments are still at the research stage and no real technical solution is present on the market.

[0004] However, heat requirements at even higher temperatures, of the order of 400°C, are becoming increasingly felt, particularly with a view to replacing fossil resources for electricity production in various industrial process applications in which high heating temperatures are necessary.

[0005] Very high temperature heat pumps are already known to achieve high temperatures with closed gas cycles. These solutions typically use super critical carbon dioxide which requires system resistances at very high pressures, of the order of 200 to 300 bars, or complex multi-turbomachine circuits, or closed loops using noble gases and having lower efficiency.

[0006] There is therefore a need to propose a heat pump solution enabling the production of heat at very high temperatures, above 400°C, which is easy to implement while providing satisfactory performance in these applications. SUMMARY

[0007] To achieve this objective, according to one embodiment, a heat pump is provided for the production of heat, advantageously at very high temperature, more precisely greater than or equal to 400°C, advantageously comprising an inverted open Brayton cycle, - an open fluid circuit comprising a circulating fluid, the circulating fluid being air, - the circuit comprising - an air inlet and an air outlet, - a thermal energy recovery module arranged on the fluid circuit is configured to transmit thermal energy to the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit, - a turbomachine comprising a compressor and a turbine, preferably arranged on the same axis, - a heat exchanger ensuring heat transfer from the fluid circulating in the heat pump to a source to be heated, and the circuit fluidly connecting the air inlet to the thermal energy recovery module, the thermal energy recovery module to the turbomachine compressor, the turbomachine compressor to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger to the turbomachine turbine, the turbomachine turbine to the air outlet.

[0008] The reverse open Brayton cycle implemented according to the invention allows the production of heat at very high temperatures which can be easily used. The present invention thus makes it possible to propose a heat pump producing a discharge temperature greater than or equal to 400°C, easy to implement thanks to the use of air as the fluid circulating in the open fluid circuit which does not require high pressure resistance or perfect sealing of the components and the circuit. This solution also limits the number of exchangers and therefore the cost generated by this solution.

[0009] The heat pump according to the invention therefore uses air as the circulating fluid, which reduces costs, meets ecological requirements while allowing satisfactory performance.

[0010] The heat pump is particularly effective for the production of very high temperature heat in that it notably comprises the thermal energy recovery module which advantageously makes it possible to preheat the circulating fluid before its compression by advantageously using a fatal heat source.

[0011] According to another aspect, the invention relates to the use of a heat pump as described above for the production of thermal energy advantageously at very high temperature, more precisely greater than or equal to 400°C.

[0012] According to another aspect, the invention relates to the use of a heat pump as described above in combination with a Carnot battery for storing thermal energy and producing electrical energy.

[0013] According to another aspect, the invention relates to the use of a heat pump as described above for the simultaneous production of calories and frigories. This production of calories and frigories, i.e. heat and cold, over the same period of time by the heat pump according to the invention allows a combination of said heat pump with a system requiring the simultaneous supply of heat and cold, for example for ammonia production plants.

[0014] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method for producing thermal energy, advantageously at very high temperature, more precisely greater than or equal to 400°C, by a heat pump as described above comprising the circulation of the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit of the heat pump between the inlet and the outlet and successively heating the fluid circulating in the thermal energy recovery module by transferring thermal energy from a heat source, compressing the fluid circulating in the compressor of the turbo machine to increase its temperature, the transfer of thermal energy from the circulating fluid to a source to be heated in the heat exchanger, the expansion of the fluid circulating in the turbine of the turbomachine.

[0015] The method according to this aspect thus allows a very high thermal energy production high temperature by a simple system to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0016] The aims, objects, as well as the characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the detailed description of an embodiment thereof which is illustrated by the following accompanying drawings in which:

[0017] [Fig.l] [Fig.l] represents a heat pump according to a first embodiment.

[0018] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] represents a heat pump according to a second mode of rea lization.

[0019] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] represents a heat pump according to a third mode of rea lization.

[0020] The drawings are given by way of example and are not limiting of the invention. They constitute schematic representations of principle intended to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not necessarily to the scale of the applications practices. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Before commencing a detailed review of embodiments of the invention, are listed below are optional features that may be used in combination or alternatively: For example, the heat pump comprises an internal heat exchanger 14 arranged on the fluid circuit between the thermal energy recovery module 3 and the compressor 5 of the turbomachine and between the heat exchanger 6 and the turbine 8 of the turbomachine; - For example, the heat pump comprises a cold recovery module 13 arranged at the outlet 9 of the turbine 8 of the turbomachine; - For example, the heat pump comprises a cooling heat exchanger 12 arranged between the heat exchanger 6 and the turbine 8; - By way of example, the source to be heated 7 is a single-phase fluid, advantageously under the conditions of use of the invention; - For example, the source to be heated 7 is air or a molten salt, or a mixture of molten salts; - Advantageously, the thermal energy recovery module arranged on the fluid circuit is configured to transmit thermal energy from a hot source, the hot source being fatal heat. - By way of example, the method for producing thermal energy comprises the cooling of a source to be cooled by the circulating fluid circulating in the cold recovery module 13; - By way of example, the method for producing thermal energy comprises the preheating of the fluid circulating downstream of the thermal energy recovery module 3 and upstream of the compressor 5 by an internal heat exchanger 14 ensuring the heat transfer from the fluid circulating downstream of the heat exchanger 6 and upstream of the turbine 8 to the fluid circulating downstream of the thermal energy recovery module 3 and upstream of the compressor 5. - By way of example, the thermal energy production method comprises the cooling of the fluid circulating downstream of the heat exchanger 6 and upstream of the turbine 8 by a cooling heat exchanger 12 ensuring the cooling of the circulating fluid by heat exchange with the outside air.

[0022] Upstream and downstream, inlet, outlet, at a given point are taken in reference to the direction of circulation of the fluid.

[0023] Fluidly connected or in fluidic connection means when a line provides a connection by or in which a fluid circulates.

[0024] In the present description, the expressions "A fluidically connected to B", "A is in fluidic connection with B" and "a fluidic connection between A and B" are synonymous. These expressions do not necessarily mean that there is no member between A and B. Thus, these expressions are understood to mean a fluidic connection between two elements, this connection being able or not to be direct. This means that it is possible that between a first element and a second element which are fluidically connected, a path of a fluid exists by one or more conduits or channels, possibly an additional member. Conversely, the term "fluidically "directly connected to" means a direct fluid connection between two elements. This means that between a first element and a second element that are fluidically connected directly, no other element is present, other than a conduit / channel or several conduits / channels. The expressions "arranged on" or "on" are synonymous with "fluidically connected to".

[0025] Hot, cold, cooled means a temperature relative to another point in the system.

[0026] A parameter "substantially equal / greater / less than" or "of the order of" a given value means that this parameter is equal / greater / less than the given value, to within plus or minus 10%, or even to within plus or minus 5%, of this value.

[0027] For the purposes of this disclosure, the expression "A and / or B" means (A), (B), or (A and B). For the purposes of this disclosure, the expression "A, B, and / or C" means (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B, and C).

[0028] The terms "first", "second" and "third", etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

[0029] In the present invention, very high temperature heat means a temperature greater than or equal to 400°C, preferably greater than or equal to 450°C.

[0030] The present invention relates to a system, preferably a heat pump 1, intended for the production of heat, advantageously at a very high temperature.

[0031] The heat pump 1 according to the invention comprises an open fluid circuit intended to receive a circulating fluid. The fluid circuit is called open in that it does not operate in a closed loop. The fluid circuit is in fluid communication with the external environment.

[0032] Advantageously, the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit is air.

[0033] The fluid circuit advantageously comprises an inlet 2 and an outlet 9. The inlet 2 and outlet 9 are not fluidically connected to each other. Inlet 9 allows the fluid circuit to be supplied with outside air while outlet 9 allows the air that has circulated in the fluid circuit to be evacuated to the outside. The outside is understood as the environment of the heat pump 1.

[0034] The fluid circuit advantageously comprises a thermal energy recovery module 3. The thermal energy recovery module 3 is arranged downstream of the inlet 2 and preferably upstream of the compressor 5. The thermal energy recovery module 3 is intended to transmit thermal energy from a hot source 4 to the fluid circuit and more preferably to the circulating fluid. The thermal energy recovery module 3 is conventionally a heat exchanger within which circulates the circulating fluid of the fluid circuit of the heat pump 1 and a hot source 4. The thermal energy recovery module 3 is chosen for example from tube-shell or tube / fin exchangers.

[0035] As a preferred example, the hot source 4 comprises fatal thermal energy from industrial processes for example. Preferably, the hot source 4 has a minimum temperature of 50°C to 70°C.

[0036] The heat pump 1 comprises a turbomachine comprising a compressor 5 and a turbine 8 preferably arranged on the same axis 11. The compressor 5 is arranged on the fluid circuit, advantageously downstream of the thermal energy recovery module 3, and preferably upstream of the heat exchanger 6. The compressor 5 is intended to compress the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit. The turbine 8 is intended to expand the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit. The compressor 5 and the turbine 8 are coupled by the axis 11 to a motor 10. For example, the turbomachine is an axial machine, preferably multi-stage, or single-stage, or even a centrifugal compression or piston machine for lower powers.

[0037] The heat pump according to the invention comprises a heat exchanger 6 intended to transmit the thermal energy of the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit to a source to be heated 7. The heat exchanger 6 is thus the component making it possible to recover the very high temperature thermal energy produced by the heat pump 1. Advantageously, the source to be heated 7 is a single-phase fluid under the conditions of use of the invention. The source to be heated 7 can be of various natures depending on the desired application such as air or molten salts. For example, the heat exchanger 6 is chosen from tube / shell or tube / fin exchangers.

[0038] The turbine 5 is advantageously arranged downstream of the heat exchanger 6.

[0039] According to a second embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig.2], the pump heat 1 comprises an internal heat exchanger 14. The internal heat exchanger 14 is arranged on two fluid connections of the fluid circuit: a first fluid connection arranged between the downstream of the heat exchanger 6 and the upstream of the turbine 8, and a second fluid connection arranged between the downstream of the heat recovery module 3 and the upstream of the compressor 5. The internal heat exchanger 14 is intended to ensure the transfer of thermal energy from the fluid circulating at the outlet of the heat exchanger 6 to the fluid circulating upstream of the compressor 5. The internal heat exchanger 14 makes it possible both to preheat the circulating fluid before its compression by the compressor 5 while cooling the circulating fluid coming from the heat exchanger 6 before its expansion by the turbine 8.The internal heat exchanger 14 is of particular interest when the source to be heated 7 is a molten salt or a mixture of molten salts from a solar power plant in particular. The temperature of the molten salt at the outlet of the heat exchanger 6. is significantly higher than the temperature of the circulating fluid, the air, at the outlet of the heat exchanger 6. The internal heat exchanger 14 thus allows better efficiency of the heat pump 1 at very high temperatures. For example, in the embodiment comprising an internal heat exchanger 14, the compression ratios can reach a ratio of 3.

[0040] According to a third embodiment of the invention illustrated in [Fig. 3], the heat pump comprises a cold recovery module 13 arranged downstream of the turbine 8. The cold recovery module 13 is intended to use the cooling power at the outlet of the turbine 8. This embodiment is advantageously implemented when there is a need for frigories in addition to a need for very high temperature heat. Indeed, during the expansion of the fluid circulating in the turbine, its temperature drops significantly allowing it to be used by a cold recovery module 13. For example, the cold recovery module 13 is a heat exchanger within which a source to be cooled circulates. The source to be cooled has a temperature higher than that of the fluid circulating in the cold recovery module 13.

[0041] Advantageously, in this embodiment, the heat pump 1 comprises an internal heat exchanger 14 as described above and illustrated in [Fig. 2] and / or a cooling heat exchanger 12, illustrated in [Fig. 3], arranged on the fluid circuit downstream of the heat exchanger 6 and upstream of the turbine 8. The cooling heat exchanger 12 ensures the heat exchange between the circulating fluid and a cold source, such as for example the ambient air, water from a river, so as to reduce the temperature of the circulating fluid at the inlet of the turbine 8 to increase the cooling power available for the cold recovery module 13 arranged downstream of the turbine 8.

[0042] Advantageously, the heat pump according to the invention implements an inverted open Brayton cycle.

[0043] The advantage of an open cycle is in particular that it does not require extensive sealing of the components of the heat pump, i.e. the fluid circuit of the various components arranged on the fluid circuit. In particular, the use of an open cycle makes it possible to re-use existing turbines and compressors from the industry without heavy development. According to the preferred embodiments, additional components are added depending on the nature and temperature of the source to be heated 7 and the need for frigories or not.

[0044] Preferably, the fluid circuit comprises an air filter, preferably arranged at the inlet 2 of the fluid circuit, to allow the filtration of the air before its circulation in the fluid circuit and the various components. Depending on the environment, the fluid circuit comprises at the inlet 2 an air drying module so as to limit the humidity of the air circulating in the fluid circuit.

[0045] By way of example, the source to be heated 7 has a temperature at the inlet of the heat exchanger 6 of the order of 100°C, for example for air, which can go up to 250°C for molten salts. At the outlet of the heat exchanger 6, the source to be heated 7 has a temperature greater than 400°C, preferably greater than 450°C, preferably of the order of 500°C.

[0046] For example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at inlet 2 of the fluid circuit of the order of 20°C.

[0047] For example, the circulating fluid has a pressure at inlet 2 of the fluid circuit corresponding to atmospheric pressure.

[0048] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at the outlet of the thermal energy recovery module 3 of the order of 80°C.

[0049] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at the outlet of the internal heat exchanger 14, upstream of the compressor 5, when the latter is present, of the order of 250°C.

[0050] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at the outlet of the compressor 5 of the order of 500°C.

[0051] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a pressure at the outlet of the compressor 5 of the order of 9 bars and advantageously up to the inlet of the turbine 8 the pressure remains constant.

[0052] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger 6 of the order of 110°C to 250°C.

[0053] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at the outlet of the internal heat exchanger 14, at the inlet of the turbine 8, of the order of 100°C.

[0054] By way of example, the circulating fluid has a temperature at the outlet of the turbine 8 of the order of 30°C, or even -10°C, or even -80°C depending on the embodiments and the presence of an internal heat exchanger 14 or the presence of a cooling heat exchanger 12.

[0055] According to the first embodiment, illustrated in [Fig.l], the inlet 2 of the fluid circuit is fluidically connected, preferably directly, to the circulating fluid inlet of the thermal energy recovery module 3. The thermal energy recovery module 3, more precisely its outlet, is fluidically connected, by the fluid connection A, to the compressor 5. The hot source 4 circulates through the thermal recovery module 3. The compressor 5 is fluidically connected, preferably directly, by the fluid connection B, to the heat exchanger 6, more precisely to the inlet of the heat exchanger 6. The source to be heated 7 circulates through the heat exchanger 6. The heat exchanger 6 is fluidically connected, more precisely its outlet, by the fluid connection C to the turbine 8. The turbine 8 is fluidically connected to the outlet 9 of the fluid circuit by the fluid connection D. The turbine 8 and the compressor 5 are arranged on the same axis 11, or rotation shaft.

[0056] From a functional point of view, the circulating fluid enters the fluid circuit through the inlet 2. The circulating fluid then enters the thermal energy recovery module 3, in which the hot source 4 also circulates. The hot source 4 being advantageously at a temperature higher than the temperature of the circulating fluid, a transfer of thermal energy is carried out from the hot source 4 to the benefit of the circulating fluid. The circulating fluid leaves the thermal energy recovery module 3 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered the thermal energy recovery module 3. The circulating fluid circulates from the thermal energy recovery module 3 to the compressor 5 via a fluid connection A. In the compressor 5, the circulating fluid is compressed, the pressure of the circulating fluid increases as well as its temperature.The circulating fluid leaves the compressor 5 at a pressure and a temperature higher than that of the circulating fluid at the inlet of the compressor 5. The circulating fluid circulates from the compressor 5 to the heat exchanger 6 via the fluid connection B. The circulating fluid circulates in the heat exchanger 6, the source to be heated 7 also circulates in the heat exchanger 6. The source to be heated 7 being advantageously at a temperature lower than that of the circulating fluid, a transfer of thermal energy from the circulating fluid to the source to be heated 7 occurs within the heat exchanger 6. The circulating fluid leaves the heat exchanger 6 at a temperature lower than that of its entry into the heat exchanger 6 while the source to be heated 7 leaves the heat exchanger 6 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered. The circulating fluid circulates from the heat exchanger 6 to the turbine 8 via a fluid connection C.The circulating fluid is expanded in the turbine 8. The circulating fluid exits at a pressure and temperature lower than those at which it entered the turbine 8. The circulating fluid flows from the turbine 8 to the outlet of the fluid circuit 9 via the fluid connection D.

[0057] According to the second embodiment, illustrated in [Fig. 2], the inlet 2 of the fluid circuit is fluidically connected, preferably directly, to the circulating fluid inlet of the thermal energy recovery module 3. The thermal energy recovery module 3, more precisely its outlet, is fluidically connected, preferably directly, by the fluid connection A', to the internal heat exchanger 14. The internal heat exchanger 14, more precisely its outlet, is fluidically connected, preferably directly, to the compressor 5, by the fluid connection A”. The hot source 4 circulates through the thermal recovery module 3. The compressor 5 is fluidically connected, preferably directly, by the fluid connection B, to the heat exchanger 6, more precisely to the inlet of the heat exchanger 6. The source to be heated 7 circulates through the heat exchanger 6. The heat exchanger 6 is fluidically connected, more precisely its outlet, preferably directly, by the fluid connection C' to the internal heat exchanger 14. The internal heat exchanger 14 is fluidically connected, preferably directly, by the fluid connection C” to the turbine 8. The turbine 8 is fluidically connected to the outlet 9 of the fluid circuit by the fluid connection D. The turbine 8 and the compressor 5 are arranged on the same axis 11, or rotation shaft.

[0058] From a functional point of view, the circulating fluid enters the fluid circuit through the inlet 2. The circulating fluid then enters the thermal energy recovery module 3, in which the heat source 4 also circulates. The heat source 4 being advantageously at a temperature higher than the temperature of the circulating fluid, a transfer of thermal energy is carried out from the heat source 4 to the benefit of the circulating fluid. The circulating fluid leaves the thermal energy recovery module 3 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered the thermal energy recovery module 3. The circulating fluid circulates from the thermal energy recovery module 3 to the internal heat exchanger 14 via the fluid connection A'.In the internal heat exchanger 14, a heat exchange takes place between the fluid circulating upstream of the compressor 5 and the fluid circulating downstream, preferably directly, of the heat exchanger 6 so as to preheat the fluid circulating upstream of the compressor 5 by the thermal energy remaining in the fluid circulating downstream, preferably directly, of the heat exchanger 6. The fluid circulating upstream of the compressor 5 leaves the internal heat exchanger 14 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered. The circulating fluid circulates from the internal heat exchanger 14 to the compressor 5 via a fluid connection A”. In the compressor 5, the circulating fluid is compressed, the pressure of the circulating fluid increases as well as its temperature. The circulating fluid leaves the compressor 5 at a pressure and a temperature which are higher than those of the circulating fluid at the inlet of the compressor 5.The circulating fluid circulates from the compressor 5 to the heat exchanger 6 via the fluid connection B. The circulating fluid circulates in the heat exchanger 6, the source to be heated 7 also circulates in the heat exchanger 6. The source to be heated 7 being advantageously at a temperature lower than that of the circulating fluid, a transfer of thermal energy from the circulating fluid to the source to be heated 7 occurs within the heat exchanger 6. The circulating fluid leaves the heat exchanger 6 at a temperature lower than that of its entry into the heat exchanger 6 while the source to be heated 7 leaves the heat exchanger 6 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered. The circulating fluid circulates from the heat exchanger 6. to the internal heat exchanger 14 by a fluid connection C'. The fluid circulating downstream of the heat exchanger 6 in the internal heat exchanger 14 is cooled by heat transfer for the benefit of the fluid circulating upstream of the compressor 5. The circulating fluid leaves the internal heat exchanger 14 and circulates to the turbine 8 by a fluid connection C”. The circulating fluid is expanded in the turbine 8. The circulating fluid leaves at a pressure and temperature lower than those of its entry into the turbine 8. The circulating fluid circulates from the turbine 8 to the outlet of the fluid circuit 9 by the fluid connection D.

[0059] According to the third embodiment, illustrated in [Fig. 3], the inlet 2 of the fluid circuit is fluidically connected, preferably directly, to the circulating fluid inlet of the thermal energy recovery module 3. The thermal energy recovery module 3, more precisely its outlet, is fluidically connected, preferably directly, to the compressor 5, by the fluid connection A. The hot source 4 circulates through the thermal recovery module 3. The compressor 5 is fluidically connected, preferably directly, by the fluid connection B, to the heat exchanger 6, more precisely to the inlet of the heat exchanger 6. The source to be heated 7 circulates through the heat exchanger 6. The heat exchanger 6 is fluidically connected, more precisely its outlet, preferably directly, by the fluid connection C' to the cooling heat exchanger 12.In the cooling heat exchanger 12, the circulating fluid is advantageously cooled by heat exchange with outside air at a temperature lower than the temperature of the fluid circulating in the cooling heat exchanger 12. The cooling heat exchanger 12 is fluidically connected, preferably directly, by the fluid connection C” to the turbine 8. The turbine 8 is fluidically connected to a cold recovery module 13, more precisely to the inlet, by the fluid connection D'. The cold recovery module 13, more precisely the outlet, is fluidically connected to the outlet 9 of the fluid circuit by the fluid connection D”. The turbine 8 and the compressor 5 are arranged on the same axis 11, or rotation shaft.

[0060] From a functional point of view, the circulating fluid enters the fluid circuit through the inlet 2. The circulating fluid then enters the thermal energy recovery module 3, in which the hot source 4 also circulates. The hot source 4 being advantageously at a temperature higher than the temperature of the circulating fluid, a transfer of thermal energy is carried out from the hot source 4 to the benefit of the circulating fluid. The circulating fluid leaves the thermal energy recovery module 3 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered the thermal energy recovery module 3. The circulating fluid circulates from the module thermal energy recovery system 3 to the compressor 5 via a fluid connection A. In the compressor 5, the circulating fluid is compressed, the pressure of the circulating fluid increases as well as its temperature. The circulating fluid leaves the compressor 5 at a pressure and a temperature which are higher than those of the circulating fluid at the inlet of the compressor 5. The circulating fluid circulates from the compressor 5 to the heat exchanger 6 via the fluid connection B. The circulating fluid circulates in the heat exchanger 6, the source to be heated 7 also circulates in the heat exchanger 6. The source to be heated 7 being advantageously at a temperature lower than that of the circulating fluid, a transfer of thermal energy from the circulating fluid to the source to be heated 7 occurs within the heat exchanger 6.The circulating fluid leaves the heat exchanger 6 at a temperature lower than that at which it entered the heat exchanger 6 while the source to be heated 7 leaves the heat exchanger 6 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered. The circulating fluid circulates from the heat exchanger 6 to the cooling heat exchanger 12 via a fluid connection C'. In the cooling heat exchanger 12, the circulating fluid is advantageously cooled by heat exchange with outside air at a temperature lower than the temperature of the fluid circulating in the cooling heat exchanger 12. The circulating fluid leaves the cooling heat exchanger 12 and circulates to the turbine 8 via a fluid connection C”. The circulating fluid is expanded in the turbine 8. The circulating fluid leaves at a pressure and temperature lower than those at which it entered the turbine 8.The circulating fluid flows from the turbine 8 to a cold recovery module 13 via a fluid connection D'. In the cold recovery module 13, the circulating fluid has a low temperature and can therefore cool a source to be cooled circulating in the cold recovery module 13 by heat transfer from the source to be cooled to the circulating fluid. The circulating fluid leaves the cold recovery module 13 at a temperature higher than that at which it entered. The circulating fluid flows from the outlet of the cold recovery module 13 to the outlet of the fluid circuit 9 via the fluid connection D".

[0061] The invention is not limited to the embodiments previously described and extends to all embodiments covered by the invention.

[0062] List of references 1. Heat pump 2. Air inlet 3. Thermal energy recovery module 4. Hot spring 5. Compressor 6. Heat exchanger 7. Source to heat 8. Turbine 9. Exit 10. Engine 11. Axis 12. Cooling heat exchanger 13. Cold recovery module 14. Internal heat exchanger A. Fluid connection between the recovery module and the compressor B. Fluid connection between the compressor and the heat exchanger C. Fluid connection between the heat exchanger and the turbine D. Turbine outlet fluid connection A'. Fluid connection between the heat recovery module and the internal exchanger A”. Fluid connection between the module, the internal exchanger and the compressor C'. Fluid connection between the heat exchanger and the internal exchanger C”. Fluid connection between the internal exchanger and the turbine D. Fluid connection between the turbine and the cold recovery module

Claims

Claims

1. Heat pump (1) for producing heat at very high temperature comprising • an open fluid circuit comprising a circulating fluid, the circulating fluid being air, • the circuit comprising • an air inlet (2) and an air outlet (9), • a thermal energy recovery module (3) arranged on the fluid circuit is configured to transmit thermal energy to the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit, • a turbomachine comprising a compressor (5) and a turbine (8), • a heat exchanger (6) ensuring heat transfer from the circulating fluid of the heat pump (1) to a source to be heated (7), and the circuit fluidly connecting the air inlet (2) to the thermal energy recovery module (3), the thermal energy recovery module (3) to the compressor (5) of the turbomachine, the compressor (5) of the turbomachine to the heat exchanger (6),the heat exchanger (6) to the turbine (8) of the turbomachine, the turbine (8) of the turbomachine to the air outlet (9).,

2. Heat pump (1) according to the preceding claim comprising an internal heat exchanger (14) arranged on the fluid circuit between the thermal energy recovery module (3) and the compressor (5) of the turbomachine and between the heat exchanger (6) and the turbine (8) of the turbomachine.

3. Heat pump (l) according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a cold recovery module (13) arranged at the outlet of the turbine (8) of the turbo machine.

4. A heat pump(l) according to any preceding claim comprising a cooling heat exchanger (12) arranged between the heat exchanger (6) and the turbine (8).

5. Heat pump (1) according to any one of the preceding claims in which the source to be heated (7) is a single-phase fluid, under the conditions of use of the invention.

6. Heat pump (1) according to the preceding claim in which the source to be heated (7) is air or a molten salt, or a mixture of molten salts.

7. Use of a heat pump (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for the production of thermal energy greater than or equal to 400°C.

8. Use of a heat pump(l) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in combination with a Carnot battery for storing thermal energy and producing electrical energy.

9. Use of a heat pump (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for the simultaneous production of calories and frigories.

10. A method for producing high-temperature thermal energy by a heat pump (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising circulating the fluid circulating in the fluid circuit of the heat pump between the inlet (2) and the outlet (3) and successively • heating the fluid circulating in the thermal energy recovery module (3) by transferring thermal energy from a heat source (4), • compressing the fluid circulating in the compressor (5) of the turbomachine to increase its temperature, • transferring thermal energy from the circulating fluid to a source to be heated (7) in the heat exchanger (6), • expanding the fluid circulating in the turbine (8) of the turbomachine.

11. Method for producing thermal energy according to the preceding claim comprising the cooling of a source to be cooled by the circulating fluid circulating in the cold recovery module (13).

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