Regeneration process with initial pressurization for a dryer in a medical compressed air production system, and dryer for a medical compressed air production system

Abstract

The invention provides a regeneration method for a dryer (18) in a medical compressed air production installation (10), and a corresponding dryer, the dryer (18) having at least two drying columns (52B) subjected to a cyclic repetition of column cycles, each comprising a production half-cycle and a regeneration half-cycle comprising at least one regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), characterized in that the method comprises, for each drying column considered (52A, 52B), before the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B) during the regeneration half-cycle, at least one initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), during which the drying column considered (52A, 52B) is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the drying column considered (52A, 52B) to a pressure greater than or equal to a threshold pressure. Abstract figure: FIG. 6.

Description

Title of the invention: Regeneration process with initial pressurization for a dryer in a medical compressed air production system, and dryer for a medical compressed air production system. Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a regeneration process for a dryer in a medical compressed air production plant, and a dryer for a medical compressed air production plant. Technical background

[0002] Medical compressed air production facilities are found particularly in hospital settings, the medical air produced being likely to be used as a respiratory support gas in operating rooms or resuscitation rooms.

[0003] A medical compressed air production installation generally includes at least one air compression unit and at least one compressed air drying unit, downstream of the compression unit.

[0004] The medical compressed air production system delivers pressurized air, for example to a system for distributing and using this compressed air. Generally, the production system includes air filtration means which may be located at one or more points in the production system, in particular upstream and / or downstream of the drying unit.

[0005] The installation includes an air compression unit, or several air compression units, which are then generally arranged in parallel with each other.

[0006] The installation includes one or more drying units, which are generally arranged in parallel. Each drying unit includes at least one dryer to remove some of the moisture that may be contained in the compressed air exiting the compressor unit.

[0007] The invention applies in the case where the dryer comprises at least one first drying column and at least one second drying column, and where the dryer operates cyclically. Each drying column is subjected to a cyclic repetition of column cycles, each column cycle comprising a production half-cycle including at least one air-drying time, and a regeneration half-cycle including at least one regeneration time. The regeneration half-cycle may include a pressurization time. The first drying column and the second drying column operate in opposing half-cycles.

[0008] An example of a medical compressed air production installation, to which the teachings of the invention can be applied, is described in document WO-2013 / 135992-A1.

[0009] The dryer includes means for circulating and switching air, notably air circulation tubes and valves for controlling the airflow in these tubes. During any air drying time for a given drying column, these means for circulating and switching air circulate humid air in a first direction through the drying column. These drying columns are filled with a substrate capable of retaining the moisture contained in the air and allowing the residual dry air resulting from the separation to pass through. For example, moisture retention is achieved by adsorption onto the substrate, which may, for example, include alumina particles. During any regeneration time, the means for circulating and switching air circulate dry air in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, through the drying column.The dry air preferably comes from the other of the two columns, which is in production, and therefore in a drying phase. The dry air, passing through the column being regenerated, causes the release of the moisture previously stored in that column, and is then expelled from the column.

[0010] It is known to provide, after the regeneration time for a given drying column, and before the immediately following air drying time for the same air column, a pressurization time during which the drying column is supplied with compressed air to bring the pressure inside the drying column to a pressure equal to a threshold pressure. This pressurization is useful because the regeneration time takes place under conditions such that the pressure at the end of the regeneration line is close to atmospheric pressure, while for the air drying time, the drying column is supplied with compressed air at the pressure delivered by the compressor unit, which is generally greater than 10 bar absolute.If a direct switch is made from the regeneration time to the air drying time, a pressure wave will propagate through the drying column and may affect the substrate contained within the drying column.

[0011] It is understood that the regeneration operation of the drying column consumes compressed air to ensure regeneration. The production of this compressed air consumes energy, which is almost entirely lost. Therefore, there is an advantage to improving the drying column regeneration process to reduce compressed air consumption while maintaining satisfactory regeneration efficiency. Description of the invention

[0012] To this end, the invention proposes a regeneration process for a dryer in a medical compressed air production installation, the installation comprising: - an air compression unit comprising at least one compressor; - a dryer having at least one first drying column and at least one second drying column, the dryer operating cyclically, each drying column being subjected to a cyclic repetition of column cycles each comprising a half-cycle of production including at least one air drying time, and a half-cycle of regeneration including at least one regeneration time, the first drying column and the second drying column operating in opposition of half-cycles; - means of air circulation and switching to, during all air drying time for a given drying column, circulate air, called humid air, in a first direction through the given drying column, and during all regeneration time, circulate air, called dry air, in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, through the given drying column.

[0013] The process includes, for each drying column considered, before the regeneration time during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one initial pressurization time, during which the drying column is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the drying column to a pressure greater than or equal to a threshold pressure. This initial pressurization precedes the regeneration time for a given drying column. During the subsequent regeneration time, a rapid depressurization of this drying column is performed. It has been found that this rapid depressurization tends to facilitate the desorption and removal of moisture previously stored in the drying column.

[0014] The process may also advantageously include one or more of the following optional features, taken alone or in combination.

[0015] In certain examples, at the end of the initial pressurization time, the pressure in the drying column is equal to a production pressure corresponding to the pressure in the drying column during the entire air drying time for the drying column. Thus, for a given production pressure, the greatest possible pressure amplitude is obtained at the time of the rapid depressurization that occurs during the subsequent regeneration time, and therefore the greatest efficiency in desorption and removal of the moisture previously stored in the drying column.

[0016] In certain examples, during the initial pressurization time of a given drying column, the drying column is supplied through a larger cross-section of the circulation and switching means than the cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the drying column is supplied during the regeneration time. This shortens the initial pressurization time, thus increasing the regeneration time for a given cycle time.

[0017] In certain examples, the process includes, for each column, after the regeneration time during the half-cycle regeneration, at least one final pressurization time during which the drying column is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the drying column to a pressure equal to a threshold pressure. This helps to limit abrupt pressure variations during the transition to the next production phase.

[0018] In certain examples, the process includes, for each drying column considered, before the initial pressurization time of a given regeneration cycle, but after the air drying time of the immediately preceding production half-cycle for the drying column considered, a depressurization time during which the pressure in the drying column considered is reduced to a low level. This allows the air previously contained in the drying column considered to be evacuated, this air being considered as carrying a certain amount of moisture, and therefore less efficient in terms of regeneration.

[0019] In certain examples, during the depressurization time, the drying column in question is supplied through a passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means that is larger than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the drying column in question is supplied during the regeneration time. This makes it possible to accelerate this depressurization phase, thus reducing the regeneration time for a given cycle time.

[0020] In certain examples, each drying column considered has a primary port and a secondary port that define an air circulation path through the drying column; the primary port is closed during the initial pressurization time and is connected to an air vent during the regeneration time; and the secondary port is connected to a source of pressurized dry air through a cross-section of the circulation and switching means which, during the initial pressurization time, is larger than the cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the column is supplied during the regeneration time. This makes it possible to shorten the initial pressurization time, thereby increasing the regeneration time for a given cycle time.

[0021] In some examples, the circulation and switching means include at least one externally controlled drain valve between the primary port and the air vent, and at least one externally controlled initial pressurization valve between a pressurized dry air source and the secondary port. During the initial pressurization time, the drain valve is controlled in a closed state while the initial pressurization valve is controlled in an open state. During the regeneration time, the drain valve is controlled in an open state while the initial pressurization valve is controlled in a closed state or in a partially open state with a passage area smaller than its passage area during the initial pressurization time. Such an embodiment allows for a low-cost variation in the passage area of ​​the circulation and switching means.

[0022] In certain examples, the process comprises, for a given drying column cycle, several initial pressurization periods within the same regeneration half-cycle, each preceding a regeneration period. This allows for multiple rapid depressurizations of the drying column within the same regeneration half-cycle, thus multiplying the desorption and removal of moisture previously stored in the drying column.

[0023] A dryer is also proposed for a medical compressed air production installation, the dryer having at least: - at least one first drying column and at least one second drying column, the dryer operating cyclically, each drying column being subjected to a column cycle comprising a production half-cycle including at least one air-drying time, and a regeneration half-cycle including at least one regeneration time, the first drying column and the second drying column operating in opposite half-cycles, and - means of air circulation and switching to, during any air drying time for a given drying column, circulate air in a first direction through the given drying column, and during any regeneration time, circulate dry air in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, through the given drying column.

[0024] The air circulation and switching means are configured so that, for each drying column considered, the drying column is supplied with compressed air for at least an initial pressurization time before a regeneration time during the half-cycle of regeneration, to increase the pressure inside the drying column considered to a pressure greater than or equal to a threshold pressure, this producing the same technical effect efficiency of desorption and removal of moisture previously stored in the drying column.

[0025] The dryer may also advantageously include one or more of the following optional features, taken alone or in combination. This makes it possible to limit sudden pressure variations during the transition to the next production phase.

[0026] In certain examples, the air circulation and switching means are configured so that, during the initial pressurization time, the drying column in question is supplied through a passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means that is larger than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the drying column in question is supplied during the regeneration time. This makes it possible to shorten the initial pressurization time, thereby increasing the regeneration time for a given cycle time.

[0027] In some examples, the air circulation and switching means are configured so that, for each drying column considered, during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one final pressurization time is carried out after the regeneration time.

[0028] In certain examples, each drying column considered has a primary port and a secondary port that define an air circulation path through the drying column, in that the primary port is closed during the initial pressurization time and is connected to an air vent during the regeneration time, and the secondary port is connected to a source of pressurized dry air through a cross-section of the circulation and switching means which, during the initial pressurization time, is larger than the cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the drying column considered is supplied during the regeneration time. This makes it possible to shorten the initial pressurization time, to the benefit of the regeneration time for a given cycle time.In some variations of such examples, the circulation and switching means include at least one externally controlled drain valve between the primary port and the air drain, and at least one externally controlled rapid pressurization valve between a pressurized dry air source and the secondary port; during the initial pressurization time, the drain valve is controlled in a closed state while the rapid pressurization valve is controlled in an open state; and, during the regeneration time, the drain valve is controlled in an open state while the rapid pressurization valve is controlled in a closed state or in a partially open state with a passage area smaller than its cross-section. passage during the initial pressurization time. Such a design allows for low-cost variation of the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means.

[0029] In certain examples, the air circulation and switching means comprise, between the respective primary ports of the first and second drying columns, a first pipe that defines a first cross-section between the first and second drying columns, and a second pipe, parallel to the first pipe, between the respective primary ports of the first and second drying columns, the second pipe being equipped with the controlled valve for initial pressurization. Such an embodiment makes it possible to vary the cross-section of the passage of the circulation and switching means at low cost. Brief description of the drawings

[0030] [Fig-1]: [Fig.1] is a diagram illustrating a first example of an installation for the production of medical compressed air.

[0031] [Fig.2]: [Fig.2] is a diagram illustrating a second example of an installation for the production of medical compressed air.

[0032] [Fig.3]: The [Fig.3] is a diagram illustrating a third example of an installation for the production of medical compressed air.

[0033] [Fig.4]: [Fig.4] is a diagram illustrating a first example of a dryer for an installation for the production of medical compressed air, illustrating in an indicative way a state of the dryer during a regeneration time for one of the drying columns.

[0034] [Fig.5] : The [Fig.5] is a diagram illustrating, for the dryer of the [Fig.4], an example of an operating cycle for the dryer.

[0035] [Fig.6] : The [Fig.6] is a diagram illustrating the first example of a dryer from the [Fig.4], illustrating in an indicative way a state of the dryer in an initial pressurization time for one of the drying columns. Detailed description

[0036] Figures 1 to 3 show various examples of an installation 10 for the production of medical compressed air. The installation 10 comprises, connected in series from upstream to downstream, an air compression unit 12 including at least one compressor 14, and a drying unit 16 including at least one dryer 18. Preferably, the installation 10 includes, between the air compression unit 12 and the drying unit 16, a filtration unit 20 including at least one filtration line 22.

[0037] The installation 10 delivers pressurized air, for example to a system 24 for distributing and utilizing this compressed air. This system 24 may include, among other things, a pressurized air accumulator 26. The accumulator 26 is intended to form a buffer stock of dry compressed air, for its use in the distribution and use system 24.

[0038] In the example of [Fig.1], the air compression group 12 comprises a single compressor 14, and the drying group comprises a single dryer 18. In this example, a single filtration line 22 is provided, interposed in series between the compressor 14 and the dryer 18, thus forming a single compression and drying line to deliver pressurized air to the distribution and use system 24.

[0039] In the examples in Figures 2 and 3, the air compression unit 12 comprises several compressors 14, specifically 3 and 6 compressors respectively. The compressors 14 may be identical or may differ in their technology and / or dimensions. The compressor 14 or compressors 14 may, for example, be lubricated screw compressors or dry scroll compressors.

[0040] In an installation comprising several compressors 14, each compressor 14 may be sized to provide an air flow rate equal to the maximum air flow rate that the installation 10 is capable of providing. Thus, one of the compressors 14 may be designed to operate under normal operating conditions, thereby serving as the main compressor, with the other compressors 14 being redundant compressors intended to compensate for periods of rest or maintenance. Alternatively, the different compressors 14 may be used alternately so that their respective operating times are substantially identical. In this case, each compressor 14 may alternately become the main compressor for a specified period, with the other compressors taking turns becoming redundant compressors.

[0041] However, in an installation comprising several compressors 14, it can be provided that each compressor 14 is sized to supply only a part of the maximum air flow that the installation 10 is likely to supply, with in this case the possibility that several compressors may be simultaneously in production to supply compressed air.

[0042] In the example of [Fig. 2], the installation 10 comprises three separate and parallel compression and drying lines. In this example, each compression and drying line includes a single compressor 14 and a single dryer 18. In this example, a single filtration line 22 is provided, inserted in series between the compressor 14 and the dryer 18 of each compression and drying line. The three separate and parallel compression and drying lines deliver compressed air in a common rail 23 to deliver pressurized air to the distribution and use system 24.

[0043] In the example of [Fig. 3], the installation 10 comprises an air compression unit 12 consisting of several compression lines 28a to 28f, each including a compressor 14, and mounted in parallel with each other to deliver compressed air through a common pipe 30. By way of example, the four compression lines 28a to 28d form a first set and the two compression lines 28e and 28f form a second set. The common pipe 30 is, for example, equipped, preferably at each of its ends, with a valve 32. The compression lines 28a to 28d of the first set are, for example, designed to operate under normal operating conditions. These can operate individually or together depending on the compressed air flow rate that needs to be delivered, at any given time, to the distribution and consumption system 24.In such an example, the compression lines 28e and 28f of the second set are intended to operate when one or more of the compression lines 28a to 28d of the first set are idle, undergoing maintenance, or have failed.

[0044] The compression lines 28a to 28f are preferably identical, and may, for example, include, in addition to a compressor 14, a cooler 34 in series downstream of the compressor 14. An upstream non-return valve 36 and / or a downstream non-return valve 38 may be provided in series in the compression line, respectively upstream and downstream of the cooler 34. Identical or similar elements may be implemented for the compression units in the configurations of the installations 10 of Figures 1 and 2.

[0045] In the example of [Fig. 3], the installation 12 comprises a filtration unit 20 consisting of two filtration lines 22, preferably identical, and the drying unit 16 comprises two dryers 18, also preferably identical. Each filtration line 22 is connected upstream to the common pipe 30, for example with the interposition of a shut-off valve 40, and downstream to one of the dryers 18. Each dryer 18 delivers compressed air into a common manifold 23 to supply pressurized air to the distribution and utilization system 24. A shut-off valve 42 may be provided between each dryer 18 and the common manifold 23.

[0046] In [Fig.3], an example of an embodiment for a filtration line 22 has been illustrated. In this example, each filtration line 22 comprises, successively in series in the filtration line 22: - an electro-cooler 44; - a cyclone filter 46 designed to retain the condensate, that is essentially the water produced by the compression lines 28a to 28f; - an upstream filter 48; and - a downstream filter 50.

[0047] For example, the upstream filter 48 and the downstream filter 50 may be different or identical. Thus, in some embodiments, the upstream filter 48 may be designed to retain particles with a diameter greater than a first diameter, for example, 1 micrometer, and the downstream filter 50 may be designed to retain particles with a diameter greater than a second diameter, smaller than the first diameter, for example, 0.01 micrometer. In other embodiments, both the upstream filter 48 and the downstream filter 50 may be designed to retain particles with a diameter greater than the same diameter, for example, 0.01 micrometer. However, those skilled in the art may design other arrangements for a filtration line 22. Identical or similar elements may be implemented for the filtration units 22 in the configurations of the installations 10 in Figures 1 and 2.

[0048] We will now describe, with reference to [Fig. 4], an example of a dryer 18 that can be implemented in any of the installations 10 described above. The dryer 18 described below is an adsorption dryer. Each dryer has an upstream inlet 17, connected to the air compression unit 12, generally by a filtration line 22, and a downstream outlet 19 which delivers compressed and dried air to the distribution and utilization system 24, possibly via a common rail 23 as described with reference to Figures 2 and 3.

[0049] The dryer 18 shown in [Fig. 4] comprises at least one first drying column 52A and at least one second drying column 52B, connected in parallel. [Fig. 4] illustrates the case of a dryer comprising a single first drying column 52A and a single second drying column 52B connected in parallel. However, the first drying column 52A and the second drying column 52B can each be made up of several elementary drying columns, the elementary columns being connected to each other in parallel and / or in series, to collectively form the first drying column 52A and the second drying column 52B, respectively.

[0050] Each drying column 52A, 52B comprises a container, generally in the form of an elongated tube along a longitudinal axis, this axis generally being oriented vertically, and includes a primary port 54A, 54B and a secondary port 56A, 56B which define an air circulation path through the drying column. The primary port 54A, 54B and the secondary port 56A, 56B are generally each located at one longitudinal end of the column, thus defining a path that may be straight along the longitudinal direction between the primary port 54A, 54B and the secondary port 56A, 56B. When the drying column 52A, 52B is oriented vertically, the primary port 54A, 54B is generally at the lower end of the column and secondary port 56A, 56B at the upper end of the column. Each drying column 52A, 52B is filled with a substrate capable of retaining moisture from the air, notably by adsorption, and allowing the residual dry air resulting from the separation to pass through.

[0051] As schematically illustrated in the table in [Fig. 5], each drying column 52A, 52B is subjected to a cyclic repetition of column cycles, each comprising a production half-cycle and a regeneration half-cycle for the drying column in question. The production half-cycle includes at least one air-drying time (PROD A, PROD B), during which humid compressed air, coming from the air compression unit 12, optionally after passing through the filtration unit 20, flows in a first direction through the drying column in question, from the primary port 54A, 54B to the secondary port 56A, 56B. It should be noted that the humid air may already have a very low humidity level.After passing through the drying column, the amount of humidity in the air has been reduced, and the compressed air exiting through secondary ports 56A, 56B, which can be considered dry air compared to the air entering the drying column, can be directed to the downstream outlet 19 of the dryer, and thus to the distribution and utilization system 24, possibly via a common rail 23 if applicable. The air entering the drying column in the first direction, through primary ports 54A, 54B, is considered humid air compared to the air exiting the drying column through secondary ports 56A, 56B. The dry air exiting through secondary ports 56A, 56B during an air drying time (PROD A, PROD B) may, of course, contain traces of humidity.

[0052] The regeneration half-cycle includes at least one regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), during which dry air is circulated in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, through the drying column 52A, 52B under consideration. This dry air is generally air from a drying column other than the drying column 52A, 52B under consideration, is introduced into the drying column 52A, 52B under consideration through its secondary port 56A, 56B, and is discharged from the drying column under consideration through the primary port 54A, 54B, after passing through the drying column 52A, 52B under consideration. In some embodiments, this dry air may, or to a lesser extent in some operating modes, be all or part of the dry air from the distribution and utilization system 24, in particular from the pressurized air accumulator 26.The dry air introduced through the secondary port 56A, 56B, passing through the drying column 52A, 52B considered to be undergoing regeneration, causes the release of the moisture previously stored in this column, and is then evacuated out of the column through the primary port 54A, 54B.

[0053] In a known manner, in a given dryer 18, the first drying column 52A and the second drying column 52B operate in opposite half-cycles, in the sense that when the first drying column 52A is in its production half-cycle, the second drying column 52B is in its regeneration half-cycle, and vice versa. Thus, for a given dryer 18, there is always one drying column that is in its production half-cycle and can therefore supply, at its downstream outlet 19, dry compressed air to the distribution and utilization system 24.

[0054] Thus, the first drying column 52A is intended, during a half-cycle T1, to dry the compressed air from the air compression group 12 while the second drying column 52B is regenerated by a portion of the dried compressed air from the first drying column 52A, and, during the immediately following half-cycle T2, the second drying column 52B is intended to dry the air from the air compression group 12 while the first drying column 52A is regenerated by a portion of the dried compressed air from the second column 52B.

[0055] The dryer 18 includes air circulation and switching means for organizing the air circulation within the dryer 18 during each cycle. The air circulation and switching means include compressed air circulation pipes, pipes connecting at least two of the following: the upstream inlet 17 of the dryer 18, the primary ports 54A, 54B of the drying columns, the secondary ports 56A, 56B of the drying columns, the downstream outlet 19 of the dryer 18, and an air exhaust 62 of the dryer 18. The air circulation and switching means also include externally controlled valves for selectively allowing, restricting, or preventing the circulation of compressed air in at least some of these pipes, based on an external control.An externally controlled valve is defined as a valve whose state can be changed by an external command issued by an electronic control unit, either directly in the case of an electrically or electromagnetically actuated valve, or indirectly in the case of a pneumatically or hydraulically actuated valve. Air circulation and switching devices may also include elements such as check valves like non-return valves, and / or flow restrictors, and / or pressure regulators, etc. Some of these elements may be passive, capable of changing state without external control, such as the check valves described later.

[0056] In the example illustrated in [Fig. 4], the air circulation and switching means comprise an electronic control unit 57 which may be a unit dedicated to the air circulation and communication means or which may be part of a unit control electronics having other functions within the dryer 18, the drying group 16, and / or the installation 10.

[0057] In the example illustrated in [Fig.4], the air circulation and switching means comprise a primary part, connected with the primary ports 54A, 54B of the two drying columns 52A, 52B, and a secondary part, connected with the secondary ports 56A, 56B.

[0058] In the primary part of the air circulation and switching means, there is an inlet gallery 58 which is directly connected to the upstream inlet 17 of the dryer 18, and which is therefore supplied with compressed air from the air compression unit 12, after passing, where applicable, through the filtration unit 22. The inlet gallery 58 is therefore at all times filled with the compressed air delivered by the compression unit, this compressed air being considered to be humid, and the pressure in the inlet gallery 58 is considered to be, in operation, equal to the pressure at the upstream inlet 17 of the dryer 18, therefore to the pressure delivered at the given moment by the air compression unit 12, after passing, where applicable, through the filtration unit 22.

[0059] In the primary section, there is also a discharge gallery 60 which is connected to the air discharge 62 of the dryer 18, with an externally controlled discharge valve 63 interposed between the discharge gallery 60 and the air discharge 62. The discharge valve 63, which therefore belongs to the primary section of the air circulation and switching means, is, for example, an on / off type valve, which is either in an open state, allowing air to pass to the air discharge 62, or in a closed state, blocking all air passage to the air discharge 62. However, alternatively, the discharge valve 63 may be a proportional valve that can be in an open state, a closed state, and an intermediate, partially open state.

[0060] In the primary section, the air circulation and switching means comprise a primary distribution system with a single external control. As will be seen, this primary distribution system consists of a valve system that can be implemented either as several discrete valves, each capable of controlling the flow between a single inlet and a single outlet of the valve, or as one or more distributors, each capable of controlling the flow between one inlet and several outlets of the distributor, or between several inlets and one outlet of the distributor, or between several inlets and several outlets of the distributor. The primary distribution system has a single external control in that it is controlled by a single external command, which is delivered, at any given time, by an electronic control unit.Here again, the primary distribution system can be electrically or electromagnetically controlled, in which case it can be controlled directly by the electronic control unit 57, or pneumatically controlled or . hydraulic, in which case it is controlled by the electronic control unit 57 through a pneumatic or hydraulic control circuit.

[0061] The primary distribution system has a first state (I) in which the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A is connected to the inlet gallery 58 and in which the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B is connected to the discharge gallery 60. The primary distribution system has a second state (II) in which the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A is connected to the discharge gallery 60 and the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B is connected to the inlet gallery 58.

[0062] In the example illustrated in [Fig.4], the primary distribution system is implemented in the form of two pneumatically controlled distributors 64A, 64B, each dedicated to the primary port 54A, 54B of one of the two drying columns. Thus, the primary distribution system includes a first selection distributor 64A which, in a first state (I), connects the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A with the inlet gallery 58, and which, in a second state (II), connects the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A with the discharge gallery 60. The primary distribution system includes a second selection distributor 64B which, in a first state (I), connects the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B with the discharge gallery 60, and which, in a second state (II), connects the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B with the inlet gallery 58.The primary distribution system is externally controlled in that the first selector valve 64A and the second selector valve 64B are at any given time simultaneously either in their first state (I) or in their second state (II), and the switching of the two valves from their state (I) to their state (II), and vice versa, is controlled by the same external control. In the example, the first selector valve 64A and the second selector valve 64B are of the on / off type, exhibiting only the two states mentioned above.It can be foreseen that the first selection distributor 64A and the second selection distributor 64B are bistable distributors, which, in the absence of external control, can remain either in the first state or in the second state, or that, on the contrary, they are monostable distributors, automatically returned to one of the first and second states, for example by a mechanical or pneumatic spring.

[0063] In the example illustrated in [Fig. 4], the first selector valve 64A and the second selector valve 64B are pneumatically operated valves which are therefore controlled via a pneumatic pilot circuit 66. The pneumatic pilot circuit 66 is preferably supplied directly from the inlet gallery 58, possibly with the interposition of a Pressure regulator or reducing valve 68. The pneumatic pilot circuit 66 includes a pilot valve for the distributors 70, itself electrically or electromagnetically controlled. The pilot valve for the distributors 70 is controlled by the electronic control unit 57 to actuate the first selector valve 64A and the second selector valve 64B in either their first state (I) or their second state (II).

[0064] In this example, the first selector valve 64A and the second selector valve 64B are therefore each of the "3 / 2" type valves, i.e., with three inputs or outputs and two states. The first selector valve 64A and the second selector valve 64B can be, as in the example schematically illustrated in [Fig. 4], separate physical components, each connected to the pneumatic control circuit 66. However, it is entirely possible to implement the primary distribution system in the form of a single valve performing the same functions, for example, in the form of a "4 / 2" type valve with four inputs or outputs and two states.

[0065] In the example illustrated in [Fig. 4], the drain valve 63 is also a pneumatically operated valve, here of the on / off type, which is controlled via a drain pilot valve 72 that is part of the pneumatic pilot circuit 66 and which is also controlled by the electronic control unit 57 to operate the drain valve 63 either in an open state (1), allowing communication between the drain gallery 58 and the drain 62, or in a closed state (0), interrupting such communication. In the example, the air drain 62 is advantageously equipped with a silencer.

[0066] In summary, the primary part of the air circulation and switching means, as described above, comprises on the one hand a single externally controlled primary distribution system 64A, 64B having a first state (I) in which the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A is connected to the inlet gallery 58 and in which the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B is connected to the exhaust gallery 60, and a second state (II) in which the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A is connected to the exhaust gallery 60 and in which the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B is connected to the inlet gallery 58, and comprises on the other hand a controlled exhaust valve 63, between the exhaust gallery 60 and the air exhaust 62, which is open during regeneration times (T13 - REGEN B, T23 - REGEN A) and which is closed during pressurization times,is particularly advantageous in itself, in terms of cost and ease of implementation, to enable certain functionalities described in this application, including regeneration and initial pressurization times as described below. Furthermore, the implementation of the 64A distributors, 64B pneumatically controlled, controlled by a pneumatic pilot circuit 66 itself electrically controlled, allows the implementation of particularly reliable components, despite the pressure levels in the dryer 18, which can exceed 10 absolute bars.

[0067] In the secondary part of the air circulation and switching means, there is an outlet gallery 74 which is directly connected to the downstream outlet 19 of the dryer 18, and which therefore delivers pressurized air to the distribution and use system 24.

[0068] The outlet gallery 74 is connected respectively to the secondary port 56A, 56B, of each of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B, by a corresponding check valve 76A, 76B, each respectively allowing the circulation of compressed air only from the secondary port 56A, 56B to the outlet gallery 74. In this example, the check valves 76A, 76B are passive, uncontrolled valves. Each check valve 76A, 76B is, for example, implemented in the form of a check valve.

[0069] The secondary part of the air circulation and switching means also includes a limited passage section connection 78 between the secondary ports 56A, 56B of each of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B.

[0070] In the present text, it is considered, in a conventional manner for the person skilled in the art, that the passage section in a pipe or in a valve or distributor, or more generally between two points of the device, is the minimum passage section, in this pipe or in this valve or distributor, or more generally between these two points of the device, which limits, under given operating conditions, the flow of compressed air in this pipe or in this valve or distributor, or more generally between these two points of the device.

[0071] Such a limited cross-sectional link 78 can take various forms. In the example, this limited-section connection 78 is implemented as two limited-section branches, each connecting the secondary port 56A, 56B of one of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B respectively with the outlet gallery 74, each in parallel with its corresponding check valve 76A, 76B. Each limited-section branch includes a flow restrictor, for example, in the form of a calibrated orifice 80A, 80B. It should be noted that this limited-section branch could be integrated with the corresponding check valve 76A, 76B in a single physical component.However, this limited passage section connection 78 could be achieved by a parallel tube directly linking the secondary ports 56A, 56B, of each of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B, such a parallel tube being advantageously equipped with a passage section limiter, for example in the form of a calibrated orifice.

[0072] As illustrated in [Fig. 4], the secondary part of the air circulation and switching means also includes a controlled cross-sectional increase link 82 between the secondary ports 56A, 56B of each of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B. When open, the controlled cross-sectional increase link 82 allows compressed air to circulate between the two drying columns 52A, 52B, which, under identical operating conditions, achieves an air flow rate between the two drying columns 52A, 52B that is greater than the air flow rate that could pass through the limited cross-sectional link 78 alone. As will be explained later, this controlled cross-sectional increase link 82 is used for a rapid pressurization operation of a drying column during its half-cycle of regeneration.

[0073] Such a controlled link with increased cross-sectional area 82 can take various forms.

[0074] In the example, the controlled link for increasing the passage section 82 is made in the form of a tube directly connecting the secondary ports 56A, 56B, of each of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B, this tube being equipped with a rapid pressurization valve 84, with external control.

[0075] In the illustrated example, the controlled link for increasing the passage section 82 is arranged in parallel with the outlet gallery 74 and the non-return valves 76A, 76B.

[0076] In the illustrated example, the controlled link for increasing the passage section 82 is therefore arranged in parallel with the link with limited passage section 78.

[0077] The rapid pressure relief valve 84, which belongs to the secondary part of the air circulation and switching means, is, for example, an on / off type valve, which is either in an open state (1) or in a closed state (0). However, alternatively, the rapid pressure relief valve 84 can be a proportional valve that can be in an open state, a closed state, and an intermediate, partially open state. In its closed state (0), the rapid pressure relief valve 84 interrupts all circulation in the controlled flow increasing connection 82.In its open state (1), the rapid pressure relief valve 84 allows the circulation, through the increased cross-sectional area controlled connection 82, of a flow of compressed air between the two drying columns 52A, 52B, with a total flow rate between the two drying columns 52A, 52B that is greater than that permitted, under identical operating conditions, by the limited cross-sectional area connection 78 alone. The rapid pressure relief valve 84 is controlled by the electronic control unit 57. In the illustrated example, the rapid pressure relief valve 84 is an electrically operated valve. which can therefore be controlled directly by the electronic control unit 57. However, one could choose to make the rapid pressurization valve 84 in the form of a pneumatically or hydraulically controlled valve, via an appropriate pilot circuit, possibly via the pilot circuit 66 described above.

[0078] Alternatively, the controlled link for increasing the passage area 82 and the link with limited passage area 78 could be made in the form of a tube directly connecting the secondary ports 56A, 56B, of each of the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B, this tube being equipped with a rapid pressurization valve 84, externally controlled, with at least two states, a first state of which determines a first passage area in this tube and a second state determines a second passage area in this same tube.

[0079] We will now describe, in particular with reference to [Fig.5], a regeneration process for a drying column of a dryer 18.

[0080] As explained above, the dryer 18 operates cyclically according to a cyclic repetition of cycles T, the first and second drying columns 52A, 52B operating in opposition half-cycles, one of the drying columns being in its regeneration half-cycle while the other of the two drying columns is in its production half-cycle.

[0081] In the example illustrated in [Fig. 5], for a given cycle T, a first part of cycle T1 for the dryer 18 corresponds to half a production cycle for the first drying column 52A and half a regeneration cycle for the second drying column 52B. A second part of cycle T2 for the dryer 18 corresponds to half a production cycle for the second drying column 52B and half a regeneration cycle for the first drying column 52A.

[0082] During the first part of cycle T1 for dryer 18, the primary distribution system 64A, 64B is in its first state (I) in which the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A is connected to the inlet gallery 58 and the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B is connected to the discharge gallery 60. During the second part of cycle T2 for dryer 18, the primary distribution system is in its second state (II) in which the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A is connected to the discharge gallery 60 and the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B is connected to the inlet gallery 58.

[0083] If we take more particularly the example of the regeneration half-cycle for the second drying column 52B (respectively of the regeneration half-cycle for the first drying column 52A), during the first part of cycle T1 (respectively the second part of cycle T2) for the dryer 18, we see that the regeneration half-cycle of a drying column can have several times.

[0084] Principally, the half-cycle of regeneration of a considered drying column 52B (respectively 52A) comprises, for this considered drying column, a regeneration time T13 - REGEN B (respectively T23 - REGEN A) during which the exhaust valve 63 is in its open state, allowing the airflow exiting the considered drying column, that which is undergoing regeneration, this airflow exiting the corresponding primary port 54B (respectively 54A), to be evacuated through the air evacuation 62.

[0085] During this regeneration time T13 (respectively T23), the rapid pressurization valve 84 is in its closed state (0), not allowing any air flow to pass through the controlled link for increasing the passage cross-section 82. Under these conditions, illustrated more particularly in [Fig.4], it is understood that the first drying column 52A (respectively the second drying column 52B) is in an air drying time (PROD A, respectively PROD B) during which the compressed air, generated by the air compression group 12 and considered to be in a wet state, is supplied, via the inlet gallery 58, to the primary port 54A of the first drying column 52A (respectively to the primary port 54B of the second drying column 52B).This air flows in a first direction through the first drying column 52A (respectively the second drying column 52B) until it exits, in a state considered dry, through the secondary port 56B of the first drying column 52A (respectively the second drying column 52B). A majority of this dry compressed air passes through the non-return valve 76A (respectively 76B) to go into the outlet gallery 74 and be delivered to system 24.

[0086] However, during this regeneration time T13 for the second drying column 52B (respectively during the regeneration time T23 for the first drying column 52A), a portion of this dry compressed air which is present in the outlet gallery 74 passes through the calibrated orifice 80B (respectively 80A) forming the limited passage section 78, towards the secondary port 56B of the second drying column 52B (respectively towards the secondary port 56A of the first drying column 52A).This fraction of the dry compressed air, during the regeneration time T13 (respectively T23) for the second drying column 52B (respectively for the first drying column 52A), can flow through the second drying column 52B (respectively the first drying column 52A) in a direction from the secondary port 56B (respectively 56A) to the primary port 54B (respectively 54A), before being evacuated through the air vent 62 thanks to the open state of the vent valve 63.

[0087] In a known manner, the regeneration flow rate is maintained at a relatively low level thanks to the limited cross-section formed by the calibrated orifice 80B (respectively 80A) forming a limited section bypass. This limits the amount of air consumed for the regeneration of the drying column. In typical applications, the calibrated orifice 80A, 80B is designed so that a fraction between 70% and 90% of the air volume from the drying column that is in its air drying phase (PROD A, respectively PROD B) is directed to the distribution and consumption system 24, while the remaining fraction, representing a value between 5% and 30%, preferably between 5% and 15%, of the air volume from the drying column that is in its air drying phase is directed to the drying column that is in its regeneration phase (REGEN B, respectively REGEN A).

[0088] As can be seen in [Fig.5], the process includes, for each drying column, during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one initial pressurization time T12 - PRESS INIT B (respectively T22 - PRESS INIT A) before a regeneration time T13 - REGEN B (respectively T23 - REGEN A).

[0089] In other words, the process includes, for each drying column 52A, 52B, before the regeneration time REGEN A, REGEN B during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one initial pressurization time PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B during which the drying column in question is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the drying column to a pressure greater than or equal to a threshold pressure. The threshold pressure at the end of the initial pressurization time may be a predetermined value or be the result of a duration of the initial pressurization time, which may be a predetermined duration or a variable duration, for example, controlled by parameters representative of the operating conditions of the dryer 18.The threshold pressure can be defined with reference to the production pressure, that is, the pressure in the drying column under consideration (52A, 52B) during any air drying time (PROD A, PROD B) for the drying column under consideration (52A, 52B). The production pressure can be measured at the secondary port (56A, 56B) of the drying column under consideration during an air drying time for the drying column under consideration. For example, the threshold pressure can be defined with reference to the production pressure of the drying column under consideration, particularly as a predefined percentage of the production pressure. This predefined percentage is preferably in the range of 80% to 100%.Thus, the process may include, for each drying column 52A, 52B, before the regeneration time REGEN A, REGEN B during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one initial pressurization time PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B during which the drying column in question is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure to . the inside of the drying column considered up to a value equal to the production pressure value for the drying column considered.

[0090] During the initial pressurization time T12 - PRESS INIT B (respectively T22 - PRESS INIT A) of a drying column 52B (respectively 52A), the drying column is preferably supplied through a passage for the circulation and switching means that is larger than the passage for the circulation and switching means through which the drying column 52B (respectively 52A) is supplied during the immediately subsequent regeneration time T13 REGEN B (respectively T23 - REGEN A) for this drying column 52B (respectively 52A). Generally, this ensures that, during the initial pressurization time for a drying column, the compressed air flow rate to this drying column is greater than the air flow rate to this drying column during the immediately subsequent regeneration time.

[0091] For a given drying column 52B (respectively 52A), the primary port 54B (respectively 54A) is closed during the initial pressurization time and is connected to the air vent 62 during the regeneration time. In the example illustrated in [Fig. 6], this closing of the primary port, during the initial pressurization time T12 - PRESS INIT B (respectively T22 - PRESS INIT A) of a given drying column 52B (respectively 52A), is achieved by keeping the exhaust valve 63 in its closed state, cutting off all airflow exiting the given drying column.

[0092] Conversely, it can be foreseen that during this initial pressurization time of a considered drying column 52B (respectively 52A), the rapid pressurization valve 84 is in its open state, thus allowing an air flow to pass through the controlled connection for increasing the passage cross-section 82. In other words, in such a case, the secondary port 56B (respectively 56A) is connected to a source of pressurized dry air through a passage cross-section of the air circulation and switching means which, during the initial pressurization time, is greater than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the considered drying column is supplied during the regeneration time.

[0093] When it comes to the initial pressurization time of the second drying column 52B (respectively, the first drying column 52A), dry compressed air from the first drying column 52A (respectively, the second drying column 52B), which is in an air drying time PROD A (respectively, PROD B), is delivered to the secondary port 56B of the second drying column 52B (respectively, to the secondary port 56A of the first drying column 52A), through the rapid pressurization valve 84 in its state open and the controlled link for increasing the passage cross-section 82. It is noted that, during the initial pressurization time, a majority of the dry compressed air from the first drying column 52A (respectively the second drying column 52B) passes through the non-return valve 76A (respectively 76B) to go into the outlet gallery 74 and be delivered to the system 24. It is also noted that, during the initial pressurization time, there may be a part, generally minimal, of this dry compressed air which is present in the outlet gallery 74, which passes through the calibrated orifice 80B (respectively 80A) forming a link with limited passage cross-section 78, towards the secondary port 56B of the second drying column 52B (respectively towards the secondary port 56A of the first drying column 52A).

[0094] Thus, in the example, during the initial pressurization time, the drain valve 63 is controlled in a closed state (0) while the rapid pressurization valve 84 is controlled in an open state (1), and, during the regeneration time, the drain valve 63 is controlled in an open state (1) while the rapid pressurization valve 84 is controlled in a closed state (0) or in a partially open state with a passage section smaller than its passage section during the initial pressurization time.

[0095] In other words, in the illustrated example, during the initial pressurization time of a considered drying column, the considered drying column is supplied through a passage section of the air circulation and switching means which is at least equal to the passage section permitted by the rapid pressurization valve 84 in its open state.In the illustrated case, which includes a controlled flow increase connection 82 in parallel with a limited flow connection 78, during the initial pressurization time of a given drying column, the drying column is supplied through a flow section of the air circulation and switching means that is equal to the flow section permitted by the rapid pressurization valve 84 in its open state, plus the flow section of the limited flow connection 78 (for example, determined by the corresponding calibrated orifice 80A, 80B). In all cases, this flow section is greater than the flow section of the circulation and switching means through which the column is supplied during its regeneration time.

[0096] Such an initial pressurization time, through a controlled connection allowing an increase in the passage cross-section compared to the connection with a limited cross-section, makes it possible to obtain a faster pressurization to reach a given threshold pressure, and / or to increase the pressure reached in the column which is in its half-cycle of regeneration without increasing the duration of this initial pressurization time.

[0097] This initial pressurization immediately precedes the regeneration time for a given drying column. In the illustrated example, the switch from the initial pressurization time PRESS INIT A - PRESS INIT B to the regeneration time REGEN A - REGEN B is achieved by opening the drain valve 63. Thus, at the very beginning of the regeneration time, the pressure in the drying column is relatively high. When the drain valve 63 is opened, a rapid depressurization of this drying column occurs. It has been observed that this rapid depressurization tends to facilitate the desorption and removal of the moisture previously stored in the drying column.

[0098] It should be noted that the initial pressurization time can be a predetermined duration, which is the same for each half-cycle of regeneration for the drying column in question and which has, for example, been determined during the design and / or in a dryer adjustment step, for example to take into account the operating conditions of the dryer. However, the initial pressurization time can be a variable duration, for example varying from one dryer cycle to another, for example controlled by reaching a predetermined threshold pressure in the drying column. In this case, a pressure measurement sensor can be provided inside the drying column in question, and the electronic control unit 57 can be programmed to switch from the initial pressurization time to the regeneration time when the predetermined threshold pressure is reached.According to yet another alternative, the duration of the initial pressurization time can be a variable duration, for example from one cycle of the dryer 18 to the next, determined for each cycle or for a certain number of cycles, on the basis of parameters representative of the operating conditions of the dryer 18.

[0099] In all cases, the regeneration process can be designed so that, at the end of the initial pressurization time, the pressure in the column is greater than or equal to the production pressure in the drying column considered less 1 bar, preferably equal to the production pressure. In many installations, the production pressure in the drying column is between 10 and 16 bar absolute.

[0100] In embodiments in which the initial pressurization time of a considered drying column 52B (respectively 52A) is implemented with the rapid pressurization valve 84 in its open state, thus allowing an air flow through the controlled connection for increasing the cross-sectional area 82, the duration of the initial pressurization time T12 (respectively T22) can be The duration is approximately 3 to 15% of the half-cycle regeneration time T1 (respectively T2) for the drying column considered, 52B (respectively 52A). Figure 5 shows the duration values ​​for the different phases of a cycle T, with cycle T lasting 600 seconds and each half-cycle of production or regeneration lasting 300 seconds. In this example, the regeneration time T13 (respectively T23) for the drying column considered, 52B (respectively 52A), is 249 seconds, while the initial pressurization time T12 (respectively T22) is 24 seconds.

[0101] In the illustrated example, the increased cross-sectional area determined by the controlled flow increase link 82, when the rapid pressure relief valve 84 is in its open state, is a predetermined cross-sectional area, corresponding to the cross-sectional area through the rapid pressure relief valve 84 in its open state. This can be implemented with an on / off type rapid pressure relief valve 84. However, for example, by implementing a proportional rapid pressure relief valve 84, it could be foreseen that the increased cross-sectional area, determined by the controlled flow increase link 82, when the rapid pressure relief valve 84 is in an open state, is a variable value, for example, based on parameters representative of the operating conditions of the dryer 18.

[0102] Furthermore, it is known to provide, after the regeneration time for a given drying column and before the immediately following air drying time for the same air column, a final pressurization time during which the drying column is supplied with compressed air to bring the pressure inside the drying column to a pressure greater than or equal to a threshold pressure, for example, to bring the pressure inside the drying column to a pressure equal to the production pressure for the drying column. Such a final pressurization time, occurring after the regeneration time and before the immediately following air drying time for the air column, serves, as explained above, to prevent or limit the propagation of a pressure wave through the drying column during the switchover to the air drying time.Thus, in the example illustrated in [Fig. 5], the process includes, for each drying column, during the half-cycle of regeneration of a given drying column 52B (respectively 52A), at least one final pressurization time T14 PRESS FIN B (respectively T24 - PRESS FIN A) after the regeneration time REGEN B (respectively REGEN A) for that given drying column. During this final pressurization time PRESS FIN B (respectively PRESS FIN A), the given drying column (52A, 52B) is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the given drying column (52A, 52B) to a pressure greater than or equal to one. Threshold pressure, for example, to bring the pressure inside the drying column in question to a pressure equal to the production pressure for the drying column in question. The threshold pressure at the end of the final pressurization time T14 PRESS FIN B (respectively T24 - PRESS FIN A) can be the same as that at the end of the initial pressurization time, or it can be different. As seen above for the initial pressurization time, the threshold pressure at the end of the final pressurization time T14 PRESS FIN B (respectively T24 - PRESS FIN A) can be a predetermined value or be the result of a duration of the final pressurization time, which can be a duration fixed in advance, or a variable duration, for example, controlled by parameters representative of the operating conditions of the dryer 18.Preferably, the threshold pressure at the end of the final pressurization time T14 PRESS FIN B (respectively T24 - PRESS FIN A) is less than or equal to the production pressure, preferably equal to the production pressure. In embodiments in which the final pressurization time of a given drying column 52B (respectively 52A) is implemented with the rapid pressurization valve 84 in its open state, thus allowing an air flow through the controlled connection for increasing the passage area 82, the duration of the final pressurization time T14 (respectively T24) can be on the order of 3 to 15% of the duration of the regeneration half-cycle T1 (respectively T2) for the given drying column 52B (respectively 52A). On the [Fig.[5] Duration values ​​are shown for the different times of a cycle T, with cycle T lasting 600 seconds, and each half-cycle of production or regeneration lasting 300 seconds. In this example, the duration of the regeneration time T13 (respectively T23) for the drying column considered 52B (respectively 52A) is 249 seconds while the duration of the final pressurization time T14 (respectively T24) is 24 seconds.

[0103] Preferably, the air circulation and switching means of the dryer are, during such a final pressurization step, in the same state as during an initial pressurization step, as described above. Conversely, preferably, at the end of such a final pressurization step, the exhaust valve 63 remains in its closed state, to maintain the drying column in question, which has just been regenerated, under a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, which prepares the switchover, for this drying column in question, from the regeneration time of one regeneration half-cycle to the immediately following production half-cycle.

[0104] In the examples, a transition time T10, T20 is also provided at the beginning of each production half-cycle and each regeneration half-cycle, for example, lasting on the order of a second, but potentially ranging from half a second to three seconds. This transition time T10, T20 corresponds to a switchover time. and pressure balancing in the various elements of the air circulation and switching means, for example, a time at least equal to the switching time of the primary distribution system 64A, 64B, for it to reach the state corresponding to the beginning of each half-cycle. During such a transition time, it may be preferable to keep the drain valve 63 in its closed state.

[0105] It should therefore be noted that the air accumulated in the drying column during its final pressurization time is not discharged to the air exhaust, but is instead directed, during the immediately following production half-cycle for the same drying column, to the distribution and utilization system 24. Conversely, a major part of the air accumulated in the drying column during its initial pressurization time is discharged to the air exhaust 62, and is therefore not directed to the distribution and utilization system 24. Any moisture contained in this air is therefore discharged to the air exhaust.

[0106] In the example illustrated in [Fig. 5], the process includes, for each drying column, during the half-cycle regeneration of a given drying column 52B (respectively 52A), before the initial pressurization time PRESS INIT B (respectively PRESS INIT A) of a given regeneration cycle, but after the air drying time PROD B (respectively PROD A) of the immediately preceding production half-cycle for the drying column 52B (respectively 52A), a depressurization time TU - PURG B (respectively T21 - PURG A) during which the pressure in the drying column is reduced to a low level, for example, below 1.2 bar relative to atmospheric pressure, for example, equal to atmospheric pressure. An advantage of such a depressurization time is that it allows the air previously contained in the drying column to be evacuated.It can indeed be considered that this air, which is that inside the drying column at the end of the previous air drying time, contains a certain amount of moisture due to the fact that, at this point in operation, the drying column's capacity to adsorb moisture will have decreased due to the previously adsorbed moisture. It should be noted, however, that this amount of moisture is generally very low. For example, during such a depressurization time for a given drying column, the primary port 54A, 54B of the drying column is connected to the air discharge 62, with the discharge valve 63 in its open state, allowing air to pass through to the air discharge 62. The depressurization time T11 - PURG B (respectively T21 - PURG A) can, for example, last between 1 and 10 seconds, or for example, between 2 and 6 seconds. Such a duration ensures that the low pressure level is reached. remains short enough so as not to excessively shorten the time available for other operations.

[0107] To facilitate the purging of air previously contained in the drying column in question, it may be provided, but is not mandatory, that the rapid pressurization valve 84 is also in its open state. If this is the case, during the depressurization time for the drying column in question, the drying column is supplied through a passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means that is larger than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the column is supplied during the regeneration time. This accelerates the purging of air previously contained in the drying column in question.

[0108] In the example illustrated in [Fig. 5], the process comprises, for one column cycle for a given drying column, a single initial pressurization time preceding a regeneration time. Furthermore, the process comprises, for one column cycle for a given drying column, a single regeneration time. It has been seen that the initial pressurization time according to the invention improves the regeneration performance.

[0109] It can therefore be anticipated that the process comprises, for a given column cycle for a given drying column, within the same half-cycle of regeneration, several initial pressurization periods, each preceding a regeneration period. Thus, it can be anticipated that the process comprises at least, for a given column cycle for a given drying column, within the same half-cycle of regeneration, successively and in this order, a first initial pressurization period, a first regeneration period, a second initial pressurization period, and a second regeneration period.

[0110] Such a multiplication of initial pressurization times within the same regeneration half-cycle will preferably be carried out by ensuring that, for each initial pressurization time, the drying column in question is fed through a passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means that is larger than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the column is fed during the regeneration time. This makes it possible to limit the duration of each of these initial pressurization times, thus preserving sufficient time for the regeneration times. By multiplying the initial pressurization times in the same regeneration half-cycle, the beneficial effect of these initial pressurizations on the regeneration performance is multiplied.

Claims

Demands

1. Regeneration method for a dryer (18) in a medical compressed air production installation (10), the installation (10) comprising: - an air compression unit (12) comprising at least one compressor (14); - a dryer (18) having at least one first drying column (52A) and at least one second drying column (52B), the dryer (18) operating cyclically, each drying column (52A, 52B) being subjected to a cyclic repetition of column cycles each comprising a production half-cycle comprising at least one air drying time (PROD A, PROD B), and a regeneration half-cycle comprising at least one regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), the first drying column (52A) and the second drying column (52B) operating in opposite half-cycles;- means for circulating and switching air for, during any air drying time (PROD A, PROD B) for a given drying column (52A, 52B), circulating air in a first direction through the given drying column (52A, 52B), and during any regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), circulating dry air in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, through the given drying column (52A, 52B), characterized in that the process comprises, for each given drying column (52A, 52B), before the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B) during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), during which the given drying column (52A, 52B) is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the given drying column (52A, 52B) to a pressure greater than or equal to at a threshold pressure.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the end of the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), the pressure in the considered drying column (52A, 52B) is equal to a production pressure corresponding to the pressure in the considered drying column (52A, 52B) at all times air drying (PROD A, PROD B) for the drying column considered (52A, 52B).

3. A regeneration method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B) of a considered drying column (52A, 52B), the considered drying column (52A, 52B) is supplied through a passage section of the circulation and switching means which is greater than the passage section of the circulation and switching means through which the considered drying column (52A, 52B) is supplied during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B).

4. A regeneration method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method comprises, for each column, after the regeneration time during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one final pressurization time (PRESS FIN A, PRESS FIN B) during which the drying column in question (52A, 52B) is supplied with compressed air to increase the pressure inside the drying column in question (52A, 52B) up to a pressure equal to a threshold pressure.

5. A regeneration process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process comprises, for each drying column considered (52A, 52B), before the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B) of a given regeneration cycle, but after the air drying time (PROD A, PROD B) of the immediately preceding production half-cycle for the drying column considered (52A, 52B), a depressurization time (PURG A, PURG B) during which the pressure in the drying column considered (52A, 52B) is brought to a low level.

6. Regeneration method according to claim 5, characterized in that, during the depressurization time (PURG A, PURG B), the drying column considered (52A, 52B) is supplied through a passage section of the circulation and switching means which is greater than the passage section of the circulation and switching means through which the drying column considered (52A, 52B) is supplied during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B).

7. A regeneration method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each drying column considered (52A, 52B) comprises a primary port (54A, 54B) and a secondary port (56A, 56B) which define an air circulation path through the drying column considered (52A, 52B), in that the primary port (54A, 54B) is closed during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B) and is connected to an air vent (62) during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), and in that the secondary port (56A, 56B) is connected to a source of pressurized dry air through a passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means which, during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), is greater than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the column is powered during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B).

8. A regeneration method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circulation and switching means comprise at least one externally controlled drain valve (63) between the primary port (54A, 54B) and the air vent (62), and at least one externally controlled rapid pressurization valve (84) between a pressurized dry air source and the secondary port (56A, 56B), in that, during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), the drain valve (63) is controlled in a closed state (0) while the initial pressurization valve is controlled in an open state (1), and in that, during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B),The drain valve (63) is controlled in an open state (1) while the rapid pressurization valve (84) is controlled in a closed state (0) or in a partially open state with a passage area smaller than its passage area during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B).

9. Regeneration process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process comprises, for the same column cycle for a drying column (52A, 52B) considered, in the same half-cycle of regeneration, several times of initial pressurization each preceding a time of regeneration.

10. A dryer (18) for a medical compressed air production system (10), the dryer (18) having at least: - at least one first drying column (52A) and at least one second drying column (52B), the dryer (18) operating cyclically, each drying column (52A, 52B) being subjected to a cyclic repetition of column cycles, each comprising a production half-cycle including at least one air drying time (PROD A, PROD B), and a regeneration half-cycle including at least one regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), the first and second drying columns operating in opposite half-cycles, and - means for circulating and switching air to, during any air drying time for a given drying column, circulate air in a first direction through the given drying column (52A, 52B), and during any regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B),circulating dry air in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, through the drying column (52A, 52B) considered, characterized in that the air circulation and switching means are configured so that, for each drying column (52A, 52B) considered, the drying column (52A, 52B) considered is supplied with compressed air, for at least an initial pressurization time before a regeneration time during the half-cycle of regeneration, to increase the pressure inside the drying column (52A, 52B) considered up to a pressure greater than or equal to a threshold pressure.

11. Dryer according to claim 10, characterized in that the air circulation and switching means are configured so that, during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), the considered drying column (52A, 52B) is supplied through a passage section of the circulation and switching means which is greater than the passage section of the circulation and switching means through which the considered drying column (52A, 52B) is supplied during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B).

12. Dryer according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the air circulation and switching means are configured so that, for each drying column (52A, 52B) considered, during the half-cycle of regeneration, at least one final pressurization time (FINAL PRESS A, FINAL PRESS B) is carried out after the regeneration time.

13. A dryer according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that each drying column (52A, 52B) comprises a primary port (54A, 54B) and a secondary port (56A, 56B) which define an air circulation path through the drying column (52A, 52B), in that the primary port (54A, 54B) is closed during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B) and is connected to an air vent (62) during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B), and in that the secondary port (56A, 56B) is connected to a source of pressurized dry air through a passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means which, during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), is greater than the passage cross-section of the circulation and switching means through which the drying column (52A, 52B) considered is fed during the regeneration time (REGEN A,RAIN B).,

14. Dryer according to claim 13, characterized in that the circulation and switching means comprise at least one externally controlled drain valve (63) between the primary port (54A) and the air drain (62), and at least one externally controlled rapid pressurization valve (84) between a pressurized dry air source and the secondary port (56A, 56B), in that, during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B), the drain valve (63) is controlled in a closed state (0) while the rapid pressurization valve (84) is controlled in an open state (1), and in that, during the regeneration time (REGEN A, REGEN B),The drain valve (63) is controlled in an open state (1) while the rapid pressurization valve (84) is controlled in a closed state or in a partially open state with a passage area smaller than its passage area during the initial pressurization time (PRESS INIT A, PRESS INIT B).

15. Dryer according to any one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the air circulation and switching means comprise, between the respective primary ports of the first drying column (52A) and the second drying column (52B), a first tube (78) which determines a first passage section between the first column and the second drying column, and a second tube (82), in parallel with the first tube between the respective primary ports of the first drying column (52A) and the second drying column (52B), the second tube (82) being equipped with the controlled initial pressurization valve (54).

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