SHELTER, VEHICLE PARKING AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER

Abstract

TITLE OF THE INVENTION: SHELTER, VEHICLE PARKING AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER The shelter (1) comprises a roof (5) and at least one pillar (3) which at least partially supports the roof, each pillar comprising: - a footing (11), - a beam (12) higher than the footing, - several jambs (13, 14, 15) connecting the footing and the beam to each other, - a container (25), and - ballast (26) placed in the container so that the footing receives at least part of the weight of this ballast. At least one of the jambs comprises two uprights between which the container and the ballast pass. The ballast comprises a gabion or an assembly of gabions comprising a fragmentary material. The container comprises a wire mesh, a slatted mesh, sheet metal and / or wooden panels. Abstract figure: Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: SHELTER, VEHICLE PARKING AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A SHELTER Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a shelter, a vehicle parking lot, and a method for constructing a shelter. State of the art

[0002] Generally speaking, a shelter must be able to withstand strong winds without tipping over or being displaced. However, a shelter's wind resistance increases the larger its roof. A carport, for example, requires a large roof, especially if it has the capacity to shelter several vehicles parked side by side.

[0003] Among known shelters, one type consists of posts whose lower ends are fixed to the ground. Before constructing such a shelter, holes are dug in the ground. Then, the lower end of each post is placed in a pre-dug hole, into which concrete is poured to harden into a compact mass, thus anchoring the post. Subsequently, the rest of the shelter is assembled on site, on the posts already anchored in the ground.

[0004] A shelter that can be installed directly on the ground, without the need to dig holes for posts in the ground, is also known. Such a shelter can be partially or totally pre-assembled.

[0005] This known shelter without ground anchors comprises concrete blocks resting on the ground. These concrete blocks serve as bases to which a framework supporting a roof is attached. Each concrete block has a significant mass. If the known shelter without ground anchors is intended to house motor vehicles, each of its concrete blocks weighs several tons. Transporting, handling, and positioning such concrete blocks is difficult and expensive, requiring lifting equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] A shelter includes a pillar that at least partially supports a roof. This pillar has a base and a container. The base receives at least part of the ballast weight placed in the container. Brief description of the figures

[0007] Other advantages and features will become clearer from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting examples and shown in the accompanying drawings, among which: [Fig. 1] is a schematic, perspective view showing a shelter according to a first embodiment of the invention being installed, and thus still without its ballast, on a parking lot floor. [Fig.2] is a schematic, side view in which the shelter visible in [Fig.1] is completed, [Fig.3] is a schematic, front view, which represents the same completed shelter as [Fig.2], [Fig.4] is a detail view that represents a cross-section of the ground and a lower portion of a structural component of the shelter visible in figures 1 to 3, [Fig. 5] is a flowchart representing the steps of a process which, according to one embodiment of the invention, can be implemented to construct a shelter according to the first embodiment of the invention, and [Fig.6] is a schematic, perspective view in which a shelter according to a second embodiment of the invention is being installed, and thus still without its ballast, on a parking lot floor. The figures are to scale. Description of the implementation methods

[0008] In [Fig. 1], a shelter 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention is without its ballast and on a ground, which is a parking lot surface S in the example shown. The shelter 1 comprises a pillar 3 and a pillar 4, which together support a roof 5.

[0009] In the example shown, pillars 3 and 4 are identical. In what follows, only pillar 3 is described for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, since they are identical or equivalent, a referenced part of pillar 3 and a referenced part of pillar 4 are designated by the same reference.

[0010] The pillar 3 comprises a structure 10 including a base 11, an upper beam 12, and several uprights 13, 14, and 15, which connect the base 11 and the beam 12 to each other. The base 11, the beam 12, the uprights 13, 14, and 15, and any intermediate pieces are held together, for example by bolting, so that the structure 10 is overall rigid.

[0011] The sole 11 is elongated. Its longitudinal direction is referenced dl.

[0012] The footing 11 is a rigid substructure of the structure 10. The footing 11 comprises a rectangular frame 20, and a series of crossbars 21, each of which has two opposite ends held at least downwards by this frame 20. In the example shown, each end of any crossbar 21 is held downwards by an inner rim of the frame 20.

[0013] Each of the jambs 13, 14 and 15 comprises two upright bars 22, which are generally parallel to each other. Each upright bar 22 has a lower end fixed directly or indirectly to the base 11 and an upper end fixed directly or indirectly to the beam 12.

[0014] The pillar 3 comprises a container 25, which is elongated so as to have approximately the same longitudinal direction dl as the footing 11. The container 25 rests on the footing 11, along its entire length. The container 25 rests in particular on the crossbeams 21.

[0015] In figures 2 and 3, shelter 1 is completed. The pillar 3 of the completed shelter 1 includes ballast 26 which has been placed in the container 25 so that the container 25 applies the weight of the ballast 26 onto the base 11.

[0016] The container 25 and the ballast 26 together form a wall 27. Like the container 25, the wall 27 has overall the same longitudinal direction dl as the footing 11.

[0017] As can be clearly seen in [Fig. 1], the container 25 passes between the two upright bars 22 of the jamb 14 and between the two upright bars 22 of the jamb 15. Similarly, the wall 27 passes between the two upright bars 22 of the jamb 14 and between the two upright bars 22 of the jamb 15. The two upright bars 22 of the jamb 14 hold the wall 27 between them laterally. The same is true of the two upright bars 22 of the jamb 15.

[0018] The leg 13, the leg 14 and the leg 15 are respectively a first leg, a second leg and a third leg.

[0019] As can be clearly seen in [Fig. 2], a lower end 30 of the jamb 13 and a lower end 31 of the jamb 14 are immobilized on the base 11, which maintains a separation distance 33 between these lower ends 30 and 31, along a separation direction. This separation direction is the longitudinal direction dl of the wall 27.

[0020] An upper end 35 of the jamb 14 and an upper end 36 of the jamb 15 are immobilized on the beam 12, which maintains a separation distance 37 between these upper ends 35 and 36, along the longitudinal direction d2 of the beam 12.

[0021] Together, the stile 13 and the stile 14 form an overall V with the opening facing downwards. Together, the stile 14 and the stile 15 form an overall V with the opening facing upwards. Together, the stiles 13, 14 and 15 form an overall upright N.

[0022] As can be clearly seen in [Fig.2], the longitudinal direction dl and the longitudinal direction d2 are contained substantially in the same rising plane, which is referenced M in Figures 1 and 3. In the example shown, the rising plane M is globally vertical and is the median plane of pillar 3.

[0023] Several purlins 40 of the roof 5 rest on the beam 12, to which these purlins 40 are fixed for example by bolting.

[0024] As can be seen in [Fig. 1], the roof 5 includes a roof covering advantageously comprising photovoltaic panels 45.

[0025] Fig. 4 represents a lower portion of the structure 10 and the parking floor S, on which the footing 11 rests.

[0026] The lower end 30 of the leg 13 has a fixing flange 50 which is bolted to the base 11. At least one shim 51 is placed between the fixing flange 50 and the base 11. In a different arrangement, no shim is placed between the fixing flange 50 and the base 11.

[0027] The lower end 31 of the leg 14 and the lower end 52 of the leg 15 are held together by an assembly piece 53, to which they are bolted. The assembly piece 53 has a mounting flange 54 which is bolted to the base 11. At least one shim 55 is placed between the mounting flange 54 and the base 11. In a different arrangement, no shim is placed between the mounting flange 54 and the base 11.

[0028] The wedge(s) 51 and / or the wedge(s) 55 allow the position of the pillar 3 to be adjusted relative to the vertical, in the rising plane M, for example in the case of a lack of flatness of the parking floor S. The pillar 3 thus includes means allowing vertical adjustment, these means including the fixing flanges 50 and 54.

[0029] The shim(s) 51 and / or shim(s) 55 also allow the height of pillar 3 to be adjusted relative to pillar 4 and, in particular, to position these two pillars 3 and 4 at the same height, for example in the case of unevenness in the parking lot floor S. This adjustment option is more useful and advantageous when the shelter has more than two pillars in a row, for example a third pillar in addition to pillars 3 and 4. This adjustment option is even more useful and advantageous when at least three pillars in a row support one or more of the same generally straight purlins 40 of the shelter.

[0030] The structure 10 is made essentially or entirely of metal parts. Other materials are also possible. For example, according to one variant, the structure 10 is made essentially or entirely of wood parts.

[0031] The purlins 40 are metal parts. Other materials are also possible. For example, according to one variant, the purlins 40 are wooden parts.

[0032] The container 25 comprises a structure selected from a lattice of interwoven wires, a lattice of slats, sheet metal, and wooden panels. According to an advantageous option, the wires of the lattice are metallic. Preferably, they are made of steel selected from stainless steel, zinc-plated steel, galvanized steel, and tin-plated steel. According to a first variant, the container 25 has a single compartment. According to a second variant, the container 25 has several compartments. According to a third variant, which can be combined with any of the first and second variants, the container 25 has several compartments. In variants, the bottom of the container 25 is a part which is detachable or initially detached from the rest of this container 25 and which is mounted separately, under or between the crossbeams 21 of the base 11, by fixing it to the underside or lower parts of these crossbeams 21. When this is the case, at least part of the ballast 26 rests directly on the base 11, once the pillar 3 is completed.

[0033] The ballast 26 comprises pebbles, cobbles, stones, gravel, sand, concrete blocks and / or recycled material such as fragments of tiles or concrete.

[0034] According to an advantageous possibility, the wall 27 is a gabion or an assembly of gabions. According to an advantageous possibility, such a gabion comprises fragmentary material such as pebbles as ballast 26, in a wire mesh as a container 25.

[0035] The materials used in the components of shelter 1 are chosen taking into account aesthetic constraints and / or cost constraints and / or their respective carbon footprints. Decorative coverings and / or cladding may also be fitted to at least certain parts of shelter 1.

[0036] The jambs 13, 14, and 15 rigidly connect the flange 11 and the beam 12 to each other. The structure 10 is able to withstand, without deterioration, significant upward tensile forces applied to the beam 12 and significant downward thrust forces applied to the beam 12. Such tensile and thrust forces may result from the action of wind on the roof 5. The structure 10 is able to withstand, without deterioration, significant torsional forces resulting from moments applied to the beam 12, about a direction perpendicular to the rising plane M. Such torsional forces may result from the action of wind on the roof 5.

[0037] The wall 27 is able to prevent the pillar 3 from being lifted and / or moved in the presence of significant upward forces applied to the beam 12 due to the action of wind on the roof 5. The wall 27 is able to prevent the pillar 3 from being tilted in the presence of significant moments applied to the beam 12, around a direction perpendicular to the rising plane M, and which may result from the action of wind on the roof 5.

[0038] As can be clearly seen in [Fig. 1], pillars 3 and 4 are separated from each other along a direction d3 intersecting the longitudinal direction dl. In this way, pillar 3 has a weight that opposes an uplift of shelter 1 on the side of this pillar 3. Pillar 4 has a weight that opposes an uplift of shelter 1 on the side of this pillar 4.

[0039] The wall 27 of pillar 3 and the wall 27 of pillar 4 effectively prevent the shelter 1 from shifting and / or tipping under the effect of wind. Without being fixed to the ground, the shelter 1 is robust and stable, particularly in terms of wind resistance, which is advantageous. Furthermore, the shelter 1 has a simple construction.

[0040] Several parking spaces P arranged in succession under the roof 5, between pillars 3 and 4, are parallel to the walls 27 of pillars 3 and 4. A large free area available on the ground for vehicle parking, the robustness of the shelter 1, and its stability are achieved simultaneously. The parking spaces P can be configured for vehicles such as motor cars (not shown).

[0041] Pillars 3 and 4 are the only two pillars of shelter 1 in the example shown. According to one embodiment of the invention, the shelter comprises at least one additional pillar following pillars 3 and 4 along direction d3, and a longer roof along this direction d3, so that the number of covered parking spaces P is increased. Preferably, the at least three pillars following each other along direction d3, and which together support the same roof according to this embodiment of the invention, are generally identical copies of pillar 3.

[0042] A construction method 70 according to an embodiment of the invention is implemented to construct the shelter 1.

[0043] As can be seen in [Fig.5], the construction method 70 includes a step 71 in which the structure 10 of pillar 3 and the structure 10 of pillar 4 are at least partially assembled. According to an advantageous possibility, step 71 is carried out in the factory.

[0044] In a step 72 of the construction process 70, the purlins 40 are fixed to the beam 10 of the pillar 3 and to the beam 10 of the pillar 4.

[0045] In a step 73 of the construction process 70, the pillars 3 and 4 are erected to place the footings 11 of these pillars 3 and 4 generally flat on the parking lot floor S.

[0046] In an optional step 74 of the construction process 70, the shelter 1 is moved without the ballasts 25 and without the photovoltaic panels 45 to adjust its positioning along directions parallel to the parking lot floor S and / or to adjust its orientation around a vertical axis.

[0047] A step 75 of the construction process 70 takes place after step 73. In step 75, the verticality of the pillar 3 in the rising plane M is checked and, if necessary, it is adjusted by means of one or more shims from among the shims 51 and 55. In step 75, the verticality of the pillar 4 in the rising plane M is checked and, if necessary, it is adjusted by means of one or more shims from among the shims 51 and 55.

[0048] In a step 76 of the construction process 70, a container 25 is placed on each of the two footings 11 flat on the parking lot floor S.

[0049] On [Fig.1], the containers 25 of the pillars 3 and 4 do not yet contain the ballasts 26.

[0050] In a step 77 of the construction process 70, a ballast 26 is poured or deposited into the container 25 of the pillar 3 while this container 25 is open at the top. In In step 77, container 25 of pillar 3 is closed. In step 77, a ballast 26 is poured or placed into container 25 of pillar 4 while this container 25 is open at the top. In step 77, container 25 of pillar 4 is closed.

[0051] According to a first variant described above, step 72 takes place before step 77. According to a second variant, step 72 takes place after step 77. In the optional step 74 of the construction process 70 according to this second variant, at least one of the structures 10 of the pillars 3 and 4 is moved to adjust its positioning along directions parallel to the parking lot floor S and / or to adjust its orientation around a vertical axis.

[0052] In a step 78 of the construction process 70, the roof 5 is mounted on the purlins 40.

[0053] It follows from the above that shelter 1 is easy to construct, position, orient and install.

[0054] To uninstall shelter 1, the reverse steps of steps 78, 77 and 72 are carried out, then structures 10 are removed from pillars 3 and 4.

[0055] In addition, shelter 1 can be moved after removing all or part of the ballast 26 from pillars 3 and 4.

[0056] It follows from the above that the shelter 1 can be easily uninstalled and / or moved. Removing the shelter 1 leaves no hole in the parking lot floor S. In particular, it leaves the parking lot floor S free of holes for the shelter 1's fixing devices.

[0057] In the example shown, the shelter 1 is mounted on a parking lot surface S, which may be, in particular, a concrete surface, a macadam surface, a raised floor, a surface with a coating, and / or a painted surface. According to alternative embodiments, the shelter 1 is mounted on a gravel surface, a sand surface, a vegetated surface, etc. The shelter 1 thus has the advantage of being adaptable to various types of ground, provided that these are sufficiently compacted to withstand the combined weight of the pillar 3 and the various loads applied to this pillar 3.

[0058] A shelter 101 is shown without its ballast in [Fig. 6]. Shelter 101 is according to a second embodiment of the invention. In what follows, only those features of shelter 101 that differ from shelter 1 are described. Furthermore, when a referenced part of shelter 101 is identical or equivalent to a referenced part of shelter 1, its reference is constructed by adding 100 to the reference designating that part on shelter 1.

[0059] In [Fig. 6], the containers 125 of the pillars 103 and 104 do not yet contain ballast. Shelter 101 is complete when each container 125 contains such ballast (not shown).

[0060] In the pillar 103 of the shelter 101, the structure 110 includes a jamb 116 and a jamb 117, in addition to the jambs 113, 114, and 115. The jambs 116 and 117, along with the jambs 113, 114, and 115, rigidly connect the base 111 and the beam 112 of the pillar 103 to each other. Together, the jambs 114, 115, 116, and 117 of the pillar 103 form an overall upright W shape.

[0061] Shelter 101 is wider than shelter 1. Two parallel rows of parking spaces P are placed side-by-side under the roof 105, between the pillars 103 and 104. Description of the invention

[0062] The invention has at least one objective: to facilitate the installation of a shelter.

[0063] According to the invention, this goal is achieved by means of a shelter, which comprises: - a roof, - a pillar that at least partially supports the roof and includes: * a sole, * a beam higher than the footing, * several jambs connecting the footing and the beam to each other, * a container, and * ballast placed in the container so that the sole receives at least part of the weight of this ballast.

[0064] The shelter defined above has the advantage of being able to be at least partially pre-assembled, that is to say at least partially assembled prior to its installation.

[0065] The base receives at least part of the ballast's weight directly from the ballast and / or indirectly. In one embodiment, the container rests at least partially on the base, and the ballast is placed in the container such that the container applies at least part of the ballast's weight to the base. In an advantageous embodiment, the ballast is placed in the container such that the base receives at least part of the ballast's weight directly from the ballast and / or the container applies at least part of the ballast's weight to the base.

[0066] The shelter defined above may incorporate one or more other advantageous features, alone or in combination, in particular among those defined below.

[0067] According to an advantageous possibility, at least the legs comprise two rising bars between which the container and the ballast pass.

[0068] Thus, the two upright bars can hold the container and the ballast together, so that the container has lateral rigidity due to the presence of the upright bars. Its structure can therefore be lighter for the same mass of ballast.

[0069] According to an advantageous possibility, the ballast comprises a gabion or an assembly of gabions comprising a fragmentary material and the container comprises a wire mesh.

[0070] According to an advantageous possibility, the container and the ballast form part of a wall.

[0071] Thus, the wall effectively opposes a tilting of the footing in an upward plane containing the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0072] According to an advantageous possibility, the footing is elongated and has overall the same longitudinal direction as the wall.

[0073] According to an advantageous possibility, the pillar is a first pillar, the shelter comprising a second pillar which partially supports the roof, the first and second pillars being separated from each other in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0074] Thus, a large free surface area can be obtained on the ground, for example for parking vehicles. This can be achieved at the same time as high stability of the shelter, even in the presence of strong winds.

[0075] According to an advantageous possibility, a lower end of a first leg and a lower end of a second leg are immobilized on the base, the base maintaining a separation distance between the lower end of the first leg and the lower end of the second leg.

[0076] Thus, a robustness of the pillar in an upward plane can be obtained.

[0077] According to an advantageous possibility, together, the first jamb and the second jamb form overall a V whose opening is oriented downwards.

[0078] Thus, the shelter may have a simplified constitution, which may result in easier adjustments, easier manufacturing and / or a lower manufacturing cost.

[0079] According to an advantageous possibility, the separation distance between the lower end of the first jamb and the lower end of the second jamb is along the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0080] Thus, stability and robustness of the pillar can be achieved in an upward plane containing the longitudinal direction of the low wall. At the same time, a significant free surface area can be available at ground level, for example for vehicle parking. For example, one or more parking spaces parallel to the low wall can be adjacent to it.

[0081] According to an advantageous possibility, an upper end of the second jamb and an upper end of a third jamb are fixed to the beam, the beam having a longitudinal direction which is substantially parallel to the same rising plane as the longitudinal direction of the wall, the beam maintaining a separation distance along the longitudinal direction of the beam, between the upper end of the second jamb and the upper end of the third jamb.

[0082] Thus, stability and robustness of the pillar can be obtained in an upward plane containing the longitudinal direction of the wall.

[0083] According to an advantageous possibility, together, the second jamb and the third jamb form overall a V whose opening is oriented upwards.

[0084] Thus, the shelter may have a simplified constitution, which may result in easier manufacturing and / or a lower manufacturing cost.

[0085] According to an advantageous possibility, the roof comprises a roof covering incorporating photovoltaic panels.

[0086] According to an advantageous possibility, there is no attachment of the ballast to the container.

[0087] Thus, the ballast can be easily removed from the container during partial disassembly or complete shelter, replacement of container and / or ballast, relocation of shelter, repositioning of shelter and / or complete removal of shelter.

[0088] The invention also relates to a vehicle parking area, comprising a shelter as defined above, and a vehicle parking area located under the roof of the shelter.

[0089] The invention also relates to a method for constructing a shelter as defined above, which comprises steps in which: a) the foundation is placed on the ground, then b) the ballast is placed in the container which is in place relative to the sole so that the sole receives at least part of the weight of the ballast once this ballast is in the container.

[0090] According to an advantageous possibility, the construction method includes a step which precedes step b) and in which the location, on a ground, and / or the orientation, around a vertical axis, of a structure comprising the footing, the beam and the jambs is set.

Claims

Demands

1. Shelter (1, 101) comprising a roof (5, 105) and at least one pillar (3, 4, 103, 104) which at least partially supports the roof, each pillar comprising: - a footing (11, 111), - a beam (12, 112) higher than the footing, - several jambs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) connecting the footing and the beam to each other, - a container (25, 125), and - ballast (26) placed in the container so that the footing receives at least part of the weight of this ballast; the shelter being characterized in that at least of the jambs comprise two rising bars (22) between which the container and the ballast pass, and in that the ballast comprises a gabion or an assembly of gabions comprising a fragmentary material and the container comprises a wire mesh, a slatted mesh, sheets and / or wooden panels.

2. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 1, wherein the container (25, 125) and the ballast (26) are part of a wall (27).

3. Shelter (1, 101) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein a lower end (30) of a first (13, 113) of the jambs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) and a lower end (31) of a second (14, 114) of the jambs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) are immobilized on the base (11, 111), the base maintaining a separation distance (33) between the lower end (30) of the first jamb and the lower end (31) of the second jamb.

4. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 3, wherein, together, the first jamb (13, 113) and the second jamb (14, 114) form overall a “V” whose opening is oriented downwards.

5. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 2 and any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the separation distance (33) between the lower end (30) of the first jamb (13, 113) and the lower end (31) of the second jamb (14, 114) is along the longitudinal direction (dl) of the wall (27).

6. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 5, wherein an upper end (35) of the second jamb (14, 114) and an upper end (36) of a third (15, 115) of the jambs (13, 14, 15, 113, 114, 115) are immobilized on the beam (12, 112), the beam having a longitudinal direction (d2) which is substantially parallel to the same vertical plane (M) as the longitudinal direction (dl) of the wall (27), the beam (12, 112) maintaining a separation distance (37) along the longitudinal direction (d2) of the beam, between the upper end of the second jamb and the upper end of the third jamb.

7. Shelter (1, 101) according to claim 6, wherein, together, the second jamb (14, 114) and the third jamb (15, 115) form overall a “V” whose opening is oriented upwards.

8. Shelter (1, 101) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the roof (5, 105) comprises a roof covering including photovoltaic panels (45).

9. Vehicle parking, characterized in that it comprises a shelter (1, 101) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, as well as a vehicle parking area (P) located under the roof (5, 105) of the shelter.

10. Method of constructing a shelter (1, 101) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises steps in which: a) the footing (11, 111) is placed (73) on a ground (S), then b) the ballast (26) is placed (77) in the container (25, 125) which is in place relative to the footing so that the footing receives at least part of the weight of the ballast once this ballast is in the container.