Reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method and construction method thereof

Abstract

Disclosed are a reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method and construction method thereof. The device is a symmetric structure with a mainframe body

Description

REINFORCEMENT DEVICE FOR SIDE WALL OF SOFT AND BROKENROCK TUNNELWITHTBM EXCAVATION METHOD AND CONSTRUCTIONMETHOD THEREOF TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of main beam open TBM construction, and in particular relates to a reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel in combination with a TBM (tunnel boring machine) main frame, and a corresponding construction method using the reinforcement device. BACKGROUND

[0002] When a main beam open TBM performs boring operation in a relatively soft and broken rock tunnel, in order to stabilize tunnel walls and ensure safety of personnel and equipment, excavated rock walls need to be synchronously supported by way of erecting steel arches, setting rock bolts, hanging steel meshes, spraying concrete and the like, thus the TBM can work normally. However, when faced with faults or fracture zones of IV-grade and V-grade rock tunnels, or working conditions that rock walls have collapse, rock burst and the like, especially when side walls of tunnels have the collapse or broken rock tunnels, the side walls of the tunnels are not enough to support grippers of the main beam open TBM, so that the grippers may slip or twist, and therefore the TBM loses enough supporting counterforce required for advance boring and cannot conduct boring, and in severe cases, joints of the gripper or their related structural members may also be damaged.

[0003] At present, during construction of the main beam open TBM, when the above rock tunnels containing faults or fracture zones are encountered and the side wall of the rock tunnel opposite to the grippers are loose or there are collapsed cavities, two common approaches are usually adopted: manually filling concrete into the collapsed cavity to reinforce the rock tunnel, or utilizing temporary schemes such as lining the collapse cavity with wood beams. The approach of manually filling concrete is high in labor intensity, low in construction efficiency, and poor in forming quality of curved tunnel surfaces on the side wall of the tunnels, leading to poor fitting degree, low supporting force of the subsequent TBM grippers and limited supporting counterforce for advance boring obtained by the TBM when supporting the tunnels walls tightly. In the approach of lining the collapse cavity with wood beams, the supporting counterforce obtained by the grippers is also limited, and the wood beams are easy to twist, therefore such working is poor in safety, and is only suitable for temporary response scheme of sporadic and occasional small faults.

[0004] When the above rock tunnels containing the faults or fractured zones are encountered, one method attempted currently in engineering is to transform the TBM mainframe. A set of supporting shield shells, a set of supporting cylinders (usually more than 20 groups), a set of steel segment erectors and a set of steel segment demolishing machines are additionally arranged on the mainframe structure of an original TBM, such that when large-range long-distance faults or fracture zones are encountered, an advance boring thrust of the TBM is provided in such a way that the steel formworks are assembled on the tunnel walls, and then the supporting cylinders are configured to support side profiles of the assembled steel formworks tightly, making the TBM bore forwards. The method has the defects that the main beam open TBM needs to be transformed on a large scale, and the supporting shield shells, the supporting cylinder devices, formwork assemblies and formwork demolishing machines need to be customized to a TBM manufacturer, and meanwhile a steel formwork hoisting system needs to be added. An investment cost for the modification of the equipment is high (up to million RMB), the period is long-term, and the timeliness and the economic effectiveness are poor especially when faced with relatively short local faults or fracture zones. SUMMARY

[0005] An object of the present disclosure is that, by utilizing a form of an original main beam open TBM construction operation, a reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM construction method and a construction method using the reinforcement device are provided, which can rapidly and efficiently solve the problem of construction boring operation of the main beam open TBM for rock tunnels with faults or fracture zones, without increasing the equipment cost greatly.

[0006] The technical solution is as follows: a reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method, wherein the reinforcement device is a symmetric structure having a mainframe body as a center and being symmetric on both sides with respect to the mainframe body; the mainframe body is arranged in a middle of the reinforcement device, and is fixedly connected to a TBM saddle support II by a fixing flange of mainframe body; axial ends of the mainframe body are connected to one end of either of two intermediate movable crossbeams by a flange respectively, and an other end of each of the two intermediate movable crossbeams is connected to one end of a respective end movable crossbeam; each end movable crossbeam has a hollow structure in which a telescopic oil cylinder is arranged; a telescopic portion of the telescopic oil cylinder faces towards an other end of the respective end movable crossbeam, is connected to one end of a respective end telescopic crossbeam, and an other end of the respective end telescopic crossbeam is provided with an elastic spacer ring; the elastic spacer ring is connected to a respective steel formwork by a fixing pin of steel formwork and a ball-and-socket joint, and the respective steel formwork presents a semicircular structure which is perpendicular to a horizontal plane and has a circle center oriented inwardly, wherein a grouting ball valve and a quick coupler are arranged at positions slightly above a center of the semicircular structure.

[0007] A left side and a right side of a frame of the mainframe body each are provided with a rectangular elongated aperture, the two intermediate movable crossbeams are transversely arranged in the mainframe body and pass through the rectangular elongated apertures at both sides; the two intermediate movable crossbeams are provided with holes in positions corresponding to translation guide rods, and guide sleeves are fixed in the holes; the translation guide rods pass through the two fixed guide sleeves, respectively, such that sliding pairs between the intermediate movable crossbeams and the translation guide rods are formed; the intermediate movable crossbeams are hinged to the mainframe body by translation oil cylinders; the intermediate movable crossbeams are able to move on the two translation guide rods in parallel, and both of the other ends of the two intermediate movable crossbeams are connected to the end movable crossbeams by flanges of intermediate movable crossbeam and flanges of end movable crossbeam, respectively.

[0008] The translation guide rods are perpendicular to the intermediate movable crossbeams, two steel formworks are connected by the translation guide rods; and a protrusion end of each of the translation guide rods is provided with the fixing flange of mainframe body.

[0009] T he two intermediate movable crossbeams are respectively connected to a translation oil cylinder a and a translation oil cylinder b; one end of the translation oil cylinder a is fixed to a support inside the mainframe body, and an other end thereof is fixed to a side support of either of the two intermediate movable crossbeams; and two ends of the translation oil cylinder b are respectively fixed to side supports of the two intermediate movable crossbeams.

[0010] Each steel formwork forms a revolute pair with a ball joint of the respective end telescopic crossbeam by a respective ball-and-socket joint.

[0011] Outer diameters of the end telescopic crossbeams are smaller than inner diameters of the end movable crossbeams.

[0012] The circle center of each steel formwork is oriented inwardly means that the circle center is located at the center of the symmetric structure.

[0013] A construction method by using the reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM construction method is as follows: positioning the reinforcement device at the soft and broken rock tunnel at a relatively high speed through an advance movement of the TBM saddle support on a TBM main beam; extending the telescopic oil cylinders out to drive the end telescopic crossbeams to project to enable the steel formworks to approach the side wall of the rock tunnel; adjusting relative positions of the two intermediate movable crossheams finely and independently by a translation oil cylinder a and a translation oil cylinder b, respectively, such that the steel formworks are driven to be finely adjusted back and forth to avoid contact with steel arches erected on the side wall of the rock tunnel; continuing to extend the telescopic oil cylinders out to enable the steel formworks to tightly press against the side wall of the rock tunnel, and maintaining a tight supporting state with a sufficient pressure; connecting the grouting ball valve and the quick coupler on the steel formworks with a grouting pipeline, so as to perform pressure grouting on the soft and broken rock tunnel or collapse cavities behind the steel formworks; withdrawing the translation cylinder a and the translation oil cylinder b to enable the steel formworks to be separated from the side wall of the rock tunnel, after the grout is filled sufficiently and solidified to a certain degree; and supporting the rock tunnel solidified tightly by a TBM gripper, and continuing to bore ahead by the TBM, after the soft and broken rock tunnel grouted is thoroughly solidified.

[0014] The present disclosure has the advantageous effects. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method has a simple structure and can be combined with the main beam open TBM in a modular loading manner, without affecting the function action and the basic excavation and boring procedure of the original TBM. Compared with a way of manually grouting to reinforce the collapse cavity of the rock tunnel, a grouting efficiency can be improved, a construction safety can be ensured, a labor cost can be saved, and a forming quality of the side wall of the rock tunnel after grouting and reinforcing is high. Compared with an existing technical solution of greatly transforming the TBM mainframe in structure and additionally adding a supporting shield shell and a steel segment erector, the reinforcement device in accordance with the present disclosure has a simple structure, it is unnecessary to remodel and transform the original TBM mainframe structure, thus a transformation cost for the TBM can be greatly saved, and a transformation period for the equipment is shortened. Meanwhile, it is unnecessary to manufacture a large number of steel segments in the construction process, thus a manufacturing cost for the auxiliary tool can be substantially saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OFTHE DRAWINGS

[0015] The device of the present disclosure and its corresponding construction process steps will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frontal structure of a device in accordance with the present disclosure;

[0017] FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a ball joint of a steel formwork of FIG. 1;

[0018] FIG. 3 is an A-A directional sectional view of FIG. 1;

[0019] FIG. 4isatopview of FIG. 1;

[0020] FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a device in accordance with the present disclosure assembled with a main beam open TBM mainframe;

[0021] FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of a connection position of the device in accordance with the present disclosure with the TBM mainframe in FIG. 5;

[0022] FIG. 7 isatopview of FIG. 5;

[0023] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a working structure of a device in accordance with the present disclosure in a soft and broken rock tunnel working condition.

[0024] Reference Numerals:

[0025] 1, mainframe body; 2, intermediate movable crossbeam; 3, intermediate movable crossbeam flange; 4, end movable crossbeam flange; 5, end movable crossheam; 6, telescopic oil cylinder; 7, end telescopic crossbeam; 8, elastic spacer ring; 9, fixing pin of steel formwork; 10, ball-and-socket joint; 11, steel formwork; 12, grouting ball valve; 13, quick coupler; 14, translation guide rod; 15, fixing flange of mainframe body; 16, welding flange of mainframe body; 17, translation oil cylinder a; 18, translation oil cylinder b; 19, ball joint; I, whole rock tunnel device; II, TBM saddle support; III, TBM main beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OFTHE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] With reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method is provided. The reinforcement device is a symmetric structure having a mainframe body 1 as a center and being symmetric on both sides with respect to the mainframe body 1. The mainframe body 1 is arranged in a middle of the reinforcement device, and is fixedly connected to a TBM saddle support II by a fixing flange of the mainframe body. Axial ends of the mainframe body 1 are connected to one end of either of two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 by a flange respectively, and the other end of either of the two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 is connected to one end of a respective end movable crossbeam 5. Each end movable crossbeam 5 has a hollow structure in which a telescopic oil cylinder 6 is arranged. T he telescopic oil cylinder 6 has a telescopic portion facing towards the other end of the end movable crossbeam 5, and the telescopic portion of the telescopic oil cylinder 6 is connected to one end of a respective end telescopic crossbeam 7, and the other end of the end telescopic crossbeam 7 is provided with an elastic spacer ring 8. The elastic spacer ring 8 is connected to a steel formwork 11 by a fixing pin of steel formwork 9 and a ball-and-socket joint 10. The steel formwork 11 presents a semicircular structure which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and has a circle center oriented inwardly, wherein a grouting ball valve 12 and a quick coupler 13 are arranged at positions slightly above a center of the semicircular structure.

[0027] With reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 in details, a left side and a right side of a frame of the mainframe body 1 each are provided with a rectangular elongated aperture, and two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 are transversely arranged in the mainframe body and pass through the rectangular elongated apertures at both sides. The two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 are provided with holes in positions corresponding to translation guide rods 14, and guide sleeves are fixed in the holes. The translation guide rods 14 pass through two fixed guide sleeves, respectively, such that sliding pairs between the intermediate movable crossbeams 2 and the translation guide rods 14 are formed. The intermediate movable crossbeams 2 are hinged to the mainframe body 1 by translation oil cylinders; the two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 are able to move on the two translation guide rods 14 in parallel, and both of the other ends of the two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 are connected to the end movable crossbeams 5 by flanges of intermediate movable crossbeam 3 and flanges of end movable crossbeam 4, respectively.

[0028] Specifically, the telescopic oil cylinder 6 is installed inside the end movable crossbeam 5, one end of the telescopic oil cylinder 6 is fixed to a support inside the end movable crossbeam 5, and the other end of the telescopic oil cylinder 6 is fixed to a support inside the end telescopic crossbeam 7. A ball joint 19 is designed at one end of the end telescopic crossbeam 7, and the ball joint 19 is connected to the ball-and-socket joint 10 to form a ball joint revolute pair together. The fixing pin of steel formwork 9 and the elastic spacer ring 8 are configured to fix and adjust the movement amplitude of the ball joint revolute pair. The ball-and-socket joint 10 is connected to the steel formwork 11 by a flange. The grouting ball valve 12 is connected to the steel formwork 11, and the quick coupler 13 is connected to one end of the grouting ball valve 12.

[0029] More specifically, an outer diameter of the end telescopic crossbeam 7 is smaller than an inner diameter of the end movable crossbeam 5.

[0030] The translation guide rods 14 are perpendicular to the intermediate movable crossbeams 2, two steel formworks 11 are connected by the translation guide rods 14; and a protrusion end of each of the translation guide rods 14 is provided with a fixing flange of mainframe body 15.

[0031] Specifically, the circle center of each steel formwork 11 is oriented inwardly, that is, the circle center of each steel formwork is located at the center of the symmetric structure.

[0032] Two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 are respectively connected to a translation oil cylinder a 17 and a translation oil cylinder b 18. One end of the translation oil cylinder a 17 is fixed to a support inside the mainframe body 1, and the other end of the translation oil cylinder a is fixed to a side support of one of the intermediate movable crossbeams 2, and two ends of the translation oil cylinder b 18 are respectively fixed to side supports of the two intermediate movable crossbeams 2. T he two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 can be movably adjusted on the translation guide rods 14 by the driving of the translation oil cylinder a 17 and the translation oil cylinder b 18.

[0033] Specifically, a sliding pair is formed between the intermediate movable crossbeam 2 and the translation guide rod 14, and the intermediate movable crossbeam 2 is hinged to the mainframe body 1 by the translation oil cylinder. An inner guide sleeve is arranged inside the end movable crossbeam 5, the end telescopic oil cylinder 6 is arranged in an interior of the guide sleeve, the end telescopic crossbeam 7 is connected to the end movable crossbeam 5 by the telescopic oil cylinder 6 to be driven, and a ball-and-socket joint 10 is arranged at an outer side the end telescopic crossheam 7. The steel formwork 11 forms a revolute pair with the ball-and-socket 10 of the end telescopic crossbeam 7 through the ball joint 19, and the ball-and-socket joint 10 is connected to the steel formwork 11 by the fixing pin of steel formwork 9. The grouting ball valve 12 and the quick coupler 13 are arranged on the steel formwork 11, so that the steel formwork can be connected to a grouting pipeline to perform pressure grouting in a collapsed cavity of the rock tunnel. A hydraulic power source for the whole reinforcement device can be provided from a mainframe hydraulic station of the main beam open TBM, and it is unnecessary to additionally provide a hydraulic power device.

[0034] The working principle of the device is as follows: with reference to FIG. 5 to FIG. 8, the device is entirely installed on the saddle support II of the main beam open TBM, the TBM saddle support II can rapidly translate back and forth on a TBM main beam III along the main beam, such that the entire device can translate back and forth in a tunnel axis direction on the TBM main beam III along with the TBM saddle support II. Meanwhile, the two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 can be finely translated and adjusted in the tunnel axis direction by the translation oil cylinder a 17 and the translation oil cylinder b 18. Four end movable crossbeams 5, under the action of four telescopic oil cylinders 6, can drive the steel formwork 11 to extend out or withdraw in a horizontal radial direction, and can tightly support the steel formwork against the rock wall with enough supporting force. The ball-and-socket joint 10, the fixing pin of steel formwork 9 and the elastic spacer ring 8 can provide a fine rotation degree of freedom, such that the position postures between the movable crossbeam 5 and the steel formwork 11 can be freely adjusted in a follow-up manner when the steel formwork is tightly supported on the rock wall, and thus structural damage caused by dead points can be avoided. In this way, when the soft and broken rock tunnel or collapse cavity occurs at the side walls of the tunnel, by means of the device, the steel formwork can be flexibly aligned to place where the soft and broken rock tunnel or the collapse cavity is located, the fine translations of the translation oil cylinder a 17 and the translation oil cylinder b 18 can allow the steel formwork to avoid an erected steel arch (a structural member consumable for supporting rock tunnel during TBM rotary working) so as to further support the rock wall tightly. After the steel formwork is tightly supported against the rock wall, the grouting ball valve 12 and the quick coupler 13 on the steel formwork can be connected to a grouting hose, and then grouting reinforcement is conducted on the soft and broken rock tunnel or the collapse cavity by a grouting pump. After the strength of the reinforced rock tunnel can bear the boring supporting force of the TBM gripper, the TBM continues to bore ahead.

[0035] The construction method of the device is as follows: as shown in FIG. 8, the whole reinforcement device is installed at a side end face of the middle portion of the saddle support II of the main beam open TBM by the fixing flange of mainframe body, such that the reinforcement device can perform main translation movement in the tunnel axis direction along the TBM main beam I1I together with the TBM saddle support II. Under normal circumstances, the end movable crossbeams 5 of the reinforcement device are in a withdrawal state under the control of the telescopic oil cylinders 6. When a collapse cavity occurs on the side wall of a certain place of the tunnel, the whole reinforcement device can rapidly translate along with the TBM saddle support II to preliminarily position the steel formwork 11 at the collapse cavity. If a long-distance collapse cavity occurs on the side wall of the rock tunnel, the reinforcement device can be continuously moved to achieve continuous supporting and reinforcement of the collapse cavity along with the TBM saddle support II. After the steel formwork 11 is preliminarily positioned at the collapse cavity, the telescopic oil cylinder 6 extends out to drive the end movable crossbeam 5 to project outwards; and when the steel formwork 11 is immediately close to the side wall of the rock tunnel of the tunnel, the end movable crossbeam 5 stops projecting outwards, and at the moment, the two intermediate movable crossbeams 2 can be subjected to fine-adjustment of translation through the translation oil cylinders, such that a gap between the two steel formworks 11 just avoids the steel arch erected on the inner wall of the tunnel; then the end movable crossbeam 5 continues to further project outwards through the telescopic oil cylinder 6 to make the steel formworks 11 be tightly supported against the collapse cavity of the inner wall of the tunnel, and the supporting pressure of the telescopic oil cylinder 6 is maintained through a hydraulic control system. After the steel formworks 11 is tightly supported and fixed, the quick coupler 13 on the steel formwork 11 can be connected to a grouting pipeline of pressure grouting equipment arranged on a TBM back-up trailer, and then the grouting ball valve 12 on the steel formwork 11 is opened to inject cement mortar into the collapse cavity behind the steel formwork 11, in order to conduct pressure grouting reinforcement on the collapse cavity. After the back of the collapse cavity is filled sufficiently and initially solidified through pressure grouting, the telescopic oil cylinder 6 of the end movable crossbeam 5 withdraws to enable the steel formwork 11 to be separated from the tunnel wall. After the grouting filling of the rock tunnel of the collapse cavity is thoroughly solidified and the strength is sufficient, the gripper of the TBM can be adjusted to support the tunnel wall tightly, and the TBM continues to excavate and bore the rock tunnel ahead.

[0036] According to this disclosure, the reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method during TBM construction process and the construction method thereof are relatively simple, effective and mechanically automatic, and have the advantages that the device is flexibly and fixedly connected to idle space of lower portions of the TBM saddle support IT and the TBM main beam III by means of flange installation, and rapidly translate back and forth with the axial translation main movement of TBM saddle support II on the TBM main beam III, thus facilitating rapid positioning of the steel formwork towards the collapse cavity of the rock tunnel. Meanwhile, the reinforcement device can finely adjust the translation of the movable crossbeams and have degree of freedom of adjusting fine radial telescopic extent. The application of the hydraulic system can flexibly and reliably ensure an organic match of the function action and operation time sequence and the grouting reinforcement with operation time sequence of the TBM mainframe. Various functional components of the whole reinforcement device employ a modular structure and can be combined and loaded according to engineering working conditions. The end telescopic crossbeams and the steel formworks may not be loaded under the working condition of good rock tunnel situation, and can be assembled when needed.

[0037] The device has a simple structure, can be installed in a modularized manner, and has the characteristics of being highly matched with the operation time sequence of the main beam open TBM construction without changing the boring principle and the overall boring steps of an original main beam open TBM. When faced with the soft and broken rock tunnels such as faults and fractured zones, the device can be utilized to synchronously grout and reinforce the side wall of the rock tunnel of the tunnel by using a pressure grouting method, and the grouted and reinforced tunnel wall can be completely matched with a theoretical tunnel shape of the tunnel design through the steel formwork, thus providing perfect fitting degree and sufficient supporting counterforce for subsequent tight supporting of the main beam open TBM gripper. Meanwhile, the device has the flexible degree of freedom of the mechanism, can flexibly adjust the relative positions of the gripper and the steel formwork in order to flexibly avoid the erected steel arch. The device can be completely compatible with the original main beam open TBM boring and supporting process from the perspective of the process method.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method, wherein the reinforcement device is a symmetric structure having a mainframe body (1) as a center and being symmetric on both sides with respect to the mainframe body; the mainframe body (1) is arranged in a middle of the reinforcement device, and is fixedly connected to a TBM saddle support (II) by a fixing flange of mainframe body; axial ends of the mainframe body (1) are connected to one end of either of two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) by a flange respectively, and an other end of each of the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) is connected to one end of a respective end movable crossbeam (5); each end movable crossbeam (5) has a hollow structure in which a telescopic oil cylinder (6) is arranged; a telescopic portion of the telescopic oil cylinder (6) faces towards an other end of the respective end movable crossbeam (5), is connected to one end of a respective end telescopic crossbeam (7), and an other end of the respective end telescopic crossbeam (7) is provided with an elastic spacer ring (8); the elastic spacer ring (8) is connected to a respective steel formwork (11) by a fixing pin of steel formwork (9) and a ball-and-socket joint (10), and the respective steel formwork (11) presents a semicircular structure which is perpendicular to a horizontal plane and has a circle center oriented inwardly, wherein a grouting ball valve (12) and a quick coupler (13) are arranged at positions slightly above a center of the semicircular structure.

2. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, wherein a left side and a right side of a frame of the mainframe body (1) each are provided with a rectangular elongated aperture, the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) are transversely arranged in the mainframe body and pass through the rectangular elongated apertures at both sides; the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) are provided with holes in positions corresponding to translation guide rods (14), and guide sleeves are fixed in the holes; the translation guide rods (14) pass through the two fixed guide sleeves, respectively, such that sliding pairs between the intermediate movable crossbeams (2) and the translation guide rods (14) are formed; the intermediate movable crossbeams (2) are hinged to the mainframe body (1) by translation oil cylinders; the intermediate movable crossbeams (2) are able to move on the two translation guide rods (14) in parallel, and both of the other ends of the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) are connected to the end movable crossbeams (5) by flanges of intermediate movable crossbeam (3) and flanges of end movable crossbeam (4), respectively.

3. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the translation guide rods (14) are perpendicular to the intermediate movable crossbeams (2), two steel formworks (11) are connected by the translation guide rods (14); and a protrusion end of each of the translation guide rods (14) is provided with the fixing flange of mainframe body (15).

4. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) are respectively connected to a translation oil cylinder a (17) and a translation oil cylinder b (18); one end of the translation oil cylinder a (17) is fixed to a support inside the mainframe body (1), and an other end of the translation oil cylinder a (17) is fixed to a side support of either of the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2); and two ends of the translation oil cylinder b (18) are respectively fixed to side supports of the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2).

5. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, wherein each steel formwork (11) forms a revolute pair with a ball joint (19) of the respective end telescopic crossbeam (7) by a respective ball-and-socket joint (10).

6. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, wherein outer diameters of the end telescopic crossbeams (7) are smaller than inner diameters of the end movable crossbeams (5).

7. The reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the circle center of each steel formwork is oriented inwardly means that the circle center is located at the center of the symmetric structure.

8. A construction method by using the reinforcement device for side wall of soft and broken rock tunnel with TBM excavation method according to claim 1, comprising: positioning the reinforcement device at the soft and broken rock tunnel at a relatively high speed through an advance movement of the TBM saddle support (II) on a TBM main beam (III); extending the telescopic oil cylinders (6) out to drive the end telescopic crossbeams (7) to project to enable the steel formworks (11) to approach the side wall of the rock tunnel; adjusting relative positions of the two intermediate movable crossbeams (2) finely and independently by a translation oil cylinder a (17) and a translation oil cylinder b (18), respectively, such that the steel formworks (11) are driven to be finely adjusted back and forth to avoid contact with steel arches erected on the side wall of the rock tunnel: continuing to extend the telescopic oil cylinders (6) out to enable the steel formworks (11) to tightly press against the side wall of the rock tunnel, and maintaining a tight supporting state with a sufficient pressure; connecting the grouting ball valve (12) and the quick coupler (13) on the steel formworks (11) with a grouting pipeline, so as to perform pressure grouting on the soft and broken rock tunnel or collapse cavities behind the steel formworks (11); withdrawing the translation cylinder a (17) and the translation oil cylinder b (18) to enable the steel formworks to be separated from the side wall of the rock tunnel, after the grout is filled sufficiently and solidified to a certain degree; and supporting the rock tunnel solidified tightly by a TBM gripper, and continuing to bore ahead by the TBM, after the soft and broken rock tunnel grouted is thoroughly solidified.

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