Quick connection device and engineering machinery

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a quick connection device and engineering machinery. The quick connection device is used for connecting a tool (101) to a mounting base (104); the tool (101) comprises a first tool pin shaft (102) and a second tool pin shaft (103) extending in a preset direction (x); the quick connection device comprises at least one of a first locking member (1) and a second locking member (2); the first locking member (1) is used for locking the first tool pin shaft (102) and has a first locking state and a first unlocking state which can be automatically switched; the second locking member (2) is used for locking the second tool pin shaft (103) and has a second locking state and a second unlocking state which can be automatically switched.

Description

QUICK-CONNECT DEVICE AND CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The present disclosure is based on a Chinese application with application number of 202310637645,5 filed on May 31,2023, and claims its priority right, the disclosure of this Chinese application being hereby incorporated as an entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure falls within the technical field of construction machinery. In particular, the present disclosure relates to quick-connect devices and construction machinery. BACKGROUND ART Excavators, as the most commonly used construction machinery in daily construction, undertake a wide variety of operational functions. Multi-functional attachments are increasingly widely applied, and quick-connect devices, as a connection structure between the excavators and attachments, enable quick switching and installation of various attachments, expand the application range of the excavators, save time and labor wasted due to disassembly of pin shafts for replacement of the attachments, and improve work efficiency. At present, the most commonly used quick-connect device is a hydraulic quick coupler, which achieves connection with and separation from the attachments through a locking mechanism driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The quick coupler includes a fixed hook claw and a movable hook claw. After the fixed hook claw hooks one pin shaft of the attachment, the hydraulic cylinder is driven to enable the movable hook claw to hook another pin shaft of the attachment, and it needs an operator to manually insert a safety pin shaft from a side to lock the movable hook claw, thus fulfilling connection of the attachment. However, it has been found in actual use that this kind of quick-connect device has poor safety, and sometimes the attachment may be detached due to operational errors or failure of the hydraulic system during the operation process. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a quick-connect device and construction machinery, which can improve the safety of connection between the attachment and the mounting base. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a quick-connect device for connecting an attachment to a mounting base, wherein the attachment includes a first attachment pin shaft and a second attachment pin shaft extending in a preset direction, and the quick-connect device includes at least one of a first locking component and a second locking component, wherein the first locking component is configured to achieve locking of the first attachment pin shaft and has a first locked state and a first unlocked state that can be automatically switched; and the second locking component is configured to achieve locking of the second attachment pin shaft, and has a second locked state and a second unlocked state that can be automatically switched. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a first lock hook and a first locking 1 component, wherein a first end of the first lock hook is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft extending in the preset direction, and a second end of the first lock hook is configured to engage with the first attachment pin shaft in the first locked state; and the first locking component includes: a locking hook, wherein a first end of the locking hook is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft extending in the preset direction, and a second end of the locking hook is configured to engage with the first end of the first lock hook in the first locked state; and a gravity block, a first end of which is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft, wherein the gravity block is used to keep the locking hook at a locked position when the quick-connect device rotates to within a first angle range, the locking hook has a tendency to separate from the first lock hook under gravity within the first angle range, and a weight of the gravity block is greater than that of the locking hook. In some embodiments, at least one of the first end of the locking hook and the first end of the gravity block is provided with a limiting portion, which is configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of a second end of the gravity block in a direction away from the first pin shaft; optionally, the limiting portion is disposed between the locking hook and the gravity block, and the gravity block and the limiting portion are pressed against each other within the first angle range. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a first limit member, which is configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of a second end of the gravity block in a direction towards the first pin shaft. In some embodiments, the locking hook includes a hook body and a hook claw connected to form an L-shaped structure, the hook body being connected to the second pin shaft, and the hook claw being configured to engage with the first lock hook, wherein: a position to which the locking hook rotates, where the hook body faces upward and the center of gravity of the locking hook starts to deviate from an initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft, is a first critical position, and a position to which the locking hook rotates, where the hook body faces upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook and the gravity block starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft, is a second critical position, the first angle range being an angle range between the first critical position and the second critical position; and / or the position to which the locking hook rotates, where the hook body faces upw ard and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook and the gravity block starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft, is a second critical position, and a position to which the locking hook rotates, where the hook body faces downward and the center of gravity of the locking hook starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction towards the first pin shaft, is a third critical position, the angle range between the second critical position and the third critical position being a second angle range, w herein in the first unlocked state, the quick-connect device is within the second angle range, and in the first locked state, the quick-connect device is within an angle range rather than the second angle range. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a first linear drive component, a first end of which is connected to the first lock hook, wherein the first linear drive component is configured to drive the first lock hook to engage with or disengage from the first attachment pin shaft. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a second lock hook and the second locking component, wherein the second locking component is configured to lock the second attachment pin shaft to the second lock hook, and the second locked state is independent of the states of the first locking component. In some embodiments, the first locking component and the second locking component are arranged side by side in the preset direction; and / or the quick-connect device further includes a housing provided with a protruding portion in an area close to the first attachment pin shaft, wherein the protruding portion is disposed on a disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft so as to prevent the first attachment pin shaft from disengaging, and the disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft is an arc with the second attachment pin shaft as center. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a housing, and the second locking component includes: a third pin shaft extending in the preset direction; a locking block rotatably connected to the third pin shaft, wherein in the second locked state, the locking block is at a first position, where a first end of the locking block abuts against the second attachment pin shaft so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft from disengaging from the second lock hook; a second limit member, configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the first end of the locking block in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft; and a first elastic member, connected between the locking block and the housing, for applying an elastic force to the locking block to cause the locking block to rotate in a direction towards the second limit member. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes the housing and a fourth pin shaft extending in the preset direction, wherein the housing is provided with a slide channel, the fourth pin shaft is movably connected to the housing along the slide channel, the locking block further includes a lock slot, and the fourth pin shaft is disposed in the lock slot and abuts against an inner wall of the lock slot; wherein movement of the fourth pin shaft is used to drive the locking block to rotate about the third pin shaft, and in a case where the fourth pin shaft moves along the slide channel from an end close to the third pin shaft to an end away from the third pin shaft within the lock slot, the second locking component is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state. In some embodiments, in the second unlocked state, the locking block rotates to a second position, where the first end of the locking block is spaced apart from a disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft; optionally, the quick-connect device further includes the housing, and the second locking component further includes: the first elastic member, connected between the locking block and the housing, for applying an elastic force to the locking block to cause the locking block to rotate in a direction towards the second limit member, wherein the elastic force applied by the first elastic member at the first position of the locking block is less than that at the second position. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a first linear drive component and a third limit member, wherein a first end of the first linear drive component is connected to the first lock hook, a second end of the first linear drive component is connected to the fourth pin shaft, and the third limit member is configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft; wherein in a case where the first locking component is in the first unlocked state and the first linear drive component retracts to a preset length, the first lock hook abuts against the third limit member; and continued retraction of the first linear drive component drives the fourth pin shaft to move along the slide channel. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device includes the second locking component, a first lock hook, a second lock hook, a housing, and a first linear drive component, wherein the housing is provided with a slide channel, and the second locking component includes: a third pin shaft extending in the preset direction; a locking block rotatably connected to the third pin shaft, wherein the locking block comprises a lock slot; and in the second locked state, the locking block is at a first position, and a first end of the locking block abuts against the second attachment pin shaft so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft from disengaging from the second lock hook; and a fourth pin shaft extending in the preset direction, disposed in the lock slot and abutting against an inner wall of the lock slot, and movably connected to the housing along the slide channel, wherein at the first position, the fourth pin shaft abuts against an end close to the third pin shaft within the lock slot; wherein a first end of the first linear drive component is connected to the fourth pin shaft, a second end of the first linear drive component is connected to the first lock hook, and the first linear drive component is configured to, by means of extension, cause the locking block to rotate to and remain at the first position and cause the first lock hook to engage with the first attachment pin shaft, thereby reaching the second locked state; optionally, the lock slot is elongated circular, arc-shaped, or triangular. In some embodiments, in the case where the fourth pin shaft moves along the slide channel from an end close to the third pin shaft to an end away from the third pin shaft within the lock slot, the locking block is rotated from the first position to the second position, and the second locking component is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, wherein at the second position, the first end of the locking block is spaced apart from a disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft. In some embodiments, in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second 4 unlocked state, Fl*lc>F2*ld is satisfied, where Fl is a pressure exerted by the fourth pin shaft on an inner side surface of the lock slot, 1c is a perpendicular distance from a center of the third pin shaft to a straight line extending in the direction where Fl is located, F2 is a friction force between the fourth pin shaft and the inner side surface of the lock slot, and Id is a distance between the center of the third pin shaft and a point where the fourth pin shaft applies forces to the inner side surface of the lock slot. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a third limit member configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft, wherein in the case where the first linear drive component retracts to a preset length, the first lock hook abuts against the third limit member; and continued retraction of the first linear drive component drives the fourth pin shaft to move along the slide channel in a direction away from the third pin shaft, thereby rotating the locking block from the first position to the second position; and / or the second locking component further includes: a first elastic member, connected between the locking block and the housing, for applying an elastic force to the locking block to maintain the locking block at the first position, wherein the elastic force applied by the first elastic member at the first position of the locking block is less than that at the second position. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes the first locking component and a first pin shaft extending in the preset direction, wherein a first end of the first lock hook is rotatably connected to the first pin shaft, and a second end of the first lock hook is connected to the second end of the first linear drive component, wherein the first locking component comprises: a second elastic member sleeved onto the first linear drive component and having its two ends abutted against the first end and the second end of the first linear drive component respectively, wherein in the first locked state, the second elastic member is in a compressed state, so as to keep the first linear drive component in the extended state. In some embodiments, the second end of the locking block is provided with a recess, configured to abut against the second attachment pin shaft when the first linear drive component fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member is insufficient, so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft from disengaging from the second lock hook; and / or the first lock hook includes an extension portion, which protrudes from the hook claw of the first lock hook and is used to hold the first attachment pin shaft when the first linear drive component fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member is insufficient, thereby to prevent the first attachment pin shaft from disengaging from the first lock hook. In some embodiments, the quick-connect device further includes a fourth limit member configured to abut against the locking block in the second locked state so as to keep the locking block at the first position, wherein the fourth limit member includes: a sixth pin shaft extending in the preset direction; a first section rotatably connected to the sixth pin shaft, wherein an end of the first section away from the sixth pin shaft abuts against the locking block in the second locked state; a second section fixedly connected to the first section and rotatably connected to the sixth pin shaft; and a third elastic member configured to fix a position of at least one of the first section and the second section in the second locked state; wherein in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the first lock hook comes into contact with an end of the second section away from the sixth pin shaft and causes the second section to rotate about the sixth pin shaft, thereby rotating the first section in a direction away from the third pin shaft. According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a construction machinery is provided, which includes a mounting base, an attachment, and the quick-connect device according to the above embodiments, wherein the quick-connect device connects the attachment to the mounting base; optionally, the construction machinery is an excavator, wherein the attachment comprises a bucket, the mounting base comprises a stick and a connecting arm, the bucket is connected to a first end of the stick and a first end of the connecting arm via the quick-connect device, and a second end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the stick via a swing arm. Based on the above technical solution, the quick-connect device in the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve locking without manual insertion of pins, which can reduce the risk of detachment of the attachment due to operational errors during operation and save time, thereby improving work safety and work efficiency; the operator can achieve locking and unlocking of the attachment from within the cab, thereby reducing the operational difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings described herein are provided for further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute undue limitations on the present disclosure. In the figures, FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing that a quick-connect device is connected to an attachment and a mounting base according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a partial schematic structural view of a first locking component of the quick-connect device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing that a locking hook of the quick-connect device is at a first critical position, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing that the locking hook of the quick-connect device is at a second and a third critical position, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of section C of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view showing that the quick-connect device is at the first unlocked state and the second locked state according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of section D of FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view showing that the quick-connect device is at the first unlocked state and the second unlocked state according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of section E of FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the disengaging movement trajectory a first attachment pin shaft of the quick-connect device. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of section F of FIG. 12. FIGS. 14A and 14B are schematic structural views respectively showing the process of installation and completion of installation of the quick-connect device and the attachment according to the present disclosure. FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of other examples of the first lock hook, the second lock hook and the second locking component of the quick-connect device according to the third embodiment of present disclosure. FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of other examples of the first lock hook, the second lock hook and the second locking component of the quick-connect device according to the fourth embodiment of present disclosure. FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view showing that the quick-connect device is at the first unlocked state and the second locked state according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view showing that the quick-connect device is at the first unlocked state and the second unlocked state according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view showing that a first linear drive component of the quickconnect device fails and the elastic force of a second elastic member is insufficient, according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 22 is a schematic force analysis view of the quick-connect device when in the second locked state according to the present disclosure. FIG. 23 is a schematic force analysis view of the quick-connect device when in the second unlocked state according to the present disclosure. FIG. 24 is a schematic force analysis view in an embodiment where the lock slot is arc-shaped. FIG. 25 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 26 is a schematic structural view showing that the quick-connect device is at the first unlocked state and the second locked state according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 'll is a schematic structural view showing that the quick-connect device is at the first unlocked state and the second unlocked state according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 28 is a schematic structural view showing that the first attachment pin shaft is detached under extreme working conditions according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 29 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device of FIG. 16 connected to an attachment and a mounting base according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 30 is a schematic structural view of the quick-connect device of FIG. 18 connected to an attachment and a mounting base according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Introduction of the reference signs: 1. first locking component; 11. first lock hook; 111. extension portion; 12. locking hook; 121. limiting portion; 122. hook body; 123. hook claw; 13. gravity block; 14. second elastic member; 2. second locking component; 21. second lock hook; 22. locking block; 23. first elastic member; 24. lock slot; 25. recess; 3. housing; 31. protruding portion; 32. slide channel; 41. first limit member; 42. second limit member; 43. third limit member; 44. fourth limit member; 441. first segment; 442. second segment; 443. third elastic member; 51. first linear drive component; 52. second linear drive component; 61. first pin shaft; 62. second pin shaft; 63. third pin shaft; 64. fourth pin shaft; 65. fifth pin shaft; 66. sixth pin shaft; x. preset direction; 101. attachment; 102. first attachment pin shaft; 103. second attachment pin shaft; 104. mounting base; 105. stick; 106. connecting arm; 107. swing arm. EMBODIMENTS The present disclosure will be described in detail below. In the following text, different aspects of the embodiments are defined more specifically. The various aspects thus defined may be combined with any other one or more aspects unless it is explicitly stated that they cannot be combined. In particular, any feature considered to be preferred or advantageous may be combined with one or more other features considered to be preferred or advantageous. The terms "first", "second" and the like used in the present disclosure are only for the convenience of description, so as to distinguish different components having the same name, and do not indicate a sequence or a primary-secondary relationship. In the depiction of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner" or "outer" and the like is defined with the operator or the attachment pin shaft or the like as a reference. These words are just for the convenience of describing the present disclosure, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated devices must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so they shall not be construed as restricting the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Firstly, the present disclosure provides a quick-connect device. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 30, the quick-connect device is used to connect an attachment 101 removably to a mounting base 104, the attachment 101 including a first attachment pin shaft 102 and a second attachment pin shaft 103 extending in a preset direction x. For example, the attachment 101 of construction machinery is a work tool, which can be a bucket, a hydraulic breaker or a hydraulic shear, etc., and by replacing different attachments 101, the functions of the construction machinery can be expanded. Part of the following embodiments will be described by taking the bucket as an example. The preset direction x may be a width direction of the attachment 101. In FIGS. 1, 2 and 4-30, the preset direction x is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The quick-connect device includes at least one of a first locking component 1 and a second locking component 2, wherein the first locking component 1 is configured to achieve locking of the first attachment pin shaft 102 and has a first locked state and a first unlocked state that can be automatically switched; and the second locking component 2 is configured to achieve locking of the second attachment pin shaft 103, and has a second locked state and a second unlocked state that can be automatically switched. The quick-connect device in this embodiment achieves locking and unlocking of the attachment pin shaft through at least one of the first locking component 1 and the second locking component 2, without manual insertion of a pin to achieve locking, thus capable of reducing the risk of detachment of the attachment due to operational errors during operation and saving time, thereby improving work safety and work efficiency; the operator can achieve locking and unlocking of the attachment from within the cab, thereby reducing the operational difficulty. The inventor has found that the main reason for the poor safety of the hydraulic quick-connect device in the related technology lies in that the range of engagement between the fixed hook claw (the second lock hook 21) and the movable hook claw (the first lock hook 11) is limited, the engagement is not strong, the connection pin shaft engaged by the fixed hook claw (the second lock hook 21) is in a semi-exposed state, and after the movable hook claw (the first lock hook 11) is connected to the connection pin shaft of the attachment, it needs the operator to manually insert a safety’ pin from the side to ensure that the movable hook claw (the first lock hook 11) is locked, so as to prevent the working device from detachment due to operational errors or failure of the hydraulic system during operation. However, due to manual insertion of the pin, there may be accidents caused by the operator forgetting to insert the pin, and the safety pin is extremely easy to be lost when left idle for a long time. Therefore, such a quick-connect device is time-consuming due to manual operation, and if the locking system fails, accidents will occur, resulting in poor safety. In order to solve the above problems, in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 14B, the quickconnect device further includes a first lock hook 11 and a first locking component 1. A first end of the first lock hook 11 is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft 61 extending in the preset direction x, and a second end of the first lock hook 11 is configured to engage with the first attachment pin shaft 102 in the first locked state. The first locking component 1 includes: a locking hook 12, wherein a first end of the locking hook 12 is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft 62 extending in the preset direction x, and a second end of the locking hook 12 is configured to engage with the first end of the first lock hook II in the first locked state; and a gravity block 13, wherein a first end of the gravity block 13 is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft 62, the gravity block 13 is configured to keep the locking hook 12 in a locked position when the quick-connect device rotates within a first angle range, and the locking hook 12 has a tendency to disengage from the first lock hook 11 under the action of gravity within the first angle range, a weight of the gravity block 13 being greater than that of the locking hook 12. Optionally, a first linear drive component 51 may be used to drive the second end of the first lock hook 11 to rotate about the first pin shaft 61. Specifically, the first lock hook II may be hinged to the first linear drive component 51 via a fifth pin shaft 65, the fifth pin shaft 65 extending in the preset direction x. More specifically, extension of the first linear drive component 51 can drive the second end of the first lock hook 11 to engage with the first attachment pin shaft 102. Specifically, the first locking component 1 can play a locking role in the case where the first linear drive component 51 fails. Optionally, the first lock hook 11 may also engage with the first attachment pin shaft 102 in other ways. Optionally, the first end of the first lock hook II may be provided with an engaging block, which protrudes from the first end of the first lock hook II and is configured to cooperate with a hook claw 123 of the locking hook 12, so as to complete engagement of the second end of the locking hook 12 with the first end of the first lock hook 11 in the first locked state, for example, the hook claw 123 hooking the engaging block at the first end of the first lock hook 11. Optionally, the second end of the locking hook 12 and the first end of the first lock hook 11 can be of any structural shape that satisfies the engagement state. Optionally, the shape and layout of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 may be adjusted and selected according to spatial conditions and the like. Optionally, the quick-connect device may further include a housing, and the rotating locking hook 12 may be disposed on the housing. Specifically, the locking hook 12 achieves locking and unlocking of the first lock hook 11 through gravity. Specifically, within the first angle range, movement of the locking hook 12 in a direction away from the first lock hook 11 can be restricted under the action of the gravity block 13. Specifically, cooperation of the locking hook 12 with the gravity block 13 can expand the angle range of locking by the locking hook 12, or in other words, reduce the angle range of unlocking. For example, in the absence of the gravity block 13, the locking hook 12 would disengage from the first lock hook 11 within the first angle range. However, by providing the gravity block 13 with a weight greater than that of the locking hook 12, the locking hook 12 can be reliably kept in a position, where it engages with the first lock hook 11, within the first angle range through gravity, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. Specifically, the angle beyond the first angle range may be divided into two angle ranges, in one of which the locking hook 12 is engaged with the first attachment pin shaft 102 only by its own gravity, and in the other of which, for example, in a second angle range, the locking hook 12 can be disengaged from the first lock hook 11 to quickly complete unlocking of the first locking component. Specifically, the gravity block 13 can ensure the uniqueness of the unlocking area, thereby improving the safety of the quick-connect device in use. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, when in a normal working state, the first lock hook 11 rotates clockwise about the first pin shaft 61 to tightly clamp the first attachment pin shaft 102. When the first lock hook 11 loses its engaging power, the first lock hook 11 w ould rotate in a direction of loosening (in a counterclockwise direction) under the action of the self-gravity of the first attachment pin shaft 102. At this time, the locking hook 12 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise about the second pin shaft 62 under the action of gravity and then engage with the first lock hook 11. The engaging manner may be as shown at position A in FIG. 2, where two inclined surfaces are meshed with each other. At this time, the first lock hook 11 cannot be loosened, and the attachment 101 is locked. When the quick-connect device rotates to different positions, the locking hook 12 is separated from the first lock hook 11 at position A due to a change in the center of gravity, thereby completing unlocking. The gravity block 13 can control the locking hook 12 to remain engaged with the first lock hook 11 within the first angle range so as to reduce the angle range of unlocking, and the magnitude of the gravity as w ell as the position of the center of gravity of the gravity block 13 can effectively control the angle range of unlocking. The quick-connect device in this embodiment can achieve locking without manual insertion of a pin, w hich can reduce the risk of detachment of the attachment due to operational errors during operation and save time, and can improve work safety and work efficiency; the operator can achieve locking and unlocking of the first locking component through gravity only by controlling the rotation angle of the quick-connect device, thereby quickly installing or replacing the attachment, and the operator can replace the attachment from within the cab, thus reducing the operational difficulty and improving efficiency; by engaging the locking hook with the first lock hook, and by use of the gravity block to keep the locking hook in the locked position when the quick-connect device rotates to within the first angle range, the angle range of locking by the locking hook can be expanded, and the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base can be improved, thereby improving the safety of construction machinery in operation. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, at least one of the first end of the locking hook 12 and the first end of the gravity block 13 is provided with a limiting portion 121 for limiting an extreme position of rotation of a second end of the gravity block 13 in a direction away from the first pin shaft 61. Specifically, within the first angle range, the locking hook 12 has an unlocking tendency under the action of gravity. The cooperation of the gravity block 13 with the limiting portion 121 can prevent the unlocking tendency of the locking hook 12 and keep the locking hook 12 at the locked position. Specifically, rotation of the second end of the gravity block 13 in a direction away from the first pm shaft 61 is namely the counterclockwise rotation of the gravity block 13 as shown in the figure. Specifically, the limiting portion 121 limits the extreme position of rotation of the gravity block 13, and the gravity block 13 can also limit the extreme position of rotation of the locking hook 12 in the opposite direction and make the locking hook 12 have a tendency to rotate counterclockwise, or in other words, restricting the locking hook 12 from rotating clockwise, that is, restricting the locking hook 12 from rotating in the unlocking direction. Specifically, within the first angle range, the torque generated by rotation of the gravity block 13 about the second pin shaft 62 is greater than the torque generated by rotation of the locking hook 12 about the second pin shaft 62, and the torque generated by rotation of the gravity block 13 about the second pin shaft 62 may be determined by the gravity of the gravity block 13 and the position of the center of gravity of the gravity block 13, etc. For example, the gravity of the gravity block 13 may be greater than that of the locking hook 12, or even if the gravity of the gravity block 13 is less than that of the locking hook 12, by adjusting the position of the center of gravity of the gravity block 13, the torque generated by rotation of the gravity block 13 about the second pin shaft 62 can also be made greater than the torque generated by rotation of the locking hook 12 about the second pin shaft 62. Optionally, the limiting portion 121 may be a limiting block or a limiting shell, etc. For example, the limiting portion 121 may include a protruding region disposed on the first end of the gravity block 13 and a recessed region disposed on the first end of the locking hook 12, and the gravity block 13 cannot further rotate counterclockwise but can rotate clockwise when the protruding region and the recessed region are pressed against each other at position B. For another example, the limiting portion 121 is a curved shell structure connected to the locking hook 12, and the gravity block 13 cannot further rotate counterclockwise but can rotate clockwise when its first end abuts against the curved shell structure. In this embodiment, by using a limiting portion to restrict the extreme position of rotation of the second end of the gravity block in a direction away from the first pin shaft, the locking hook can be restricted from rotating in the unlocking direction within the first angle range, thereby expanding the angle range of locking by the locking hook, ensuring uniqueness of the unlocking area, improving the reliability and safety of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base, and accordingly improving the safety of construction machinery in operation. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the limiting portion 121 is disposed between the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13, and the gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 are pressed against each other within the first angle range. Specifically, the limiting portion 121 may be disposed on a side of the locking hook 12 close to the gravity block 13. Specifically, the locking hook 12 has an unlocking tendency under the action of gravity within the first angle range, and the pressing interaction between the gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 can prevent the unlocking tendency of the locking hook 12, keep the locking hook 12 at the locked position, and restrict the locking hook 12 from rotating in the unlocking direction. Optionally, the limiting portion 121 may be a limiting block or a limiting shell, etc. For example, the limiting portion 121 may include a protruding region disposed on the first end of the gravity block 13 and a recessed region disposed on the first end of the locking hook 12, and the protruding region and the recessed region are pressed against each other at position B. For another example, the limiting portion 121 is a curved shell structure connected to the locking hook 12. and the gravity block 13 is pressed against the curved shell structure at position B with its first end. In this embodiment, by making the gravity block and the limiting portion pressed against each other within the first angle range, the locking hook can be restricted from rotating in the unlocking direction, thereby expanding the angle range of locking by the locking hook, ensuring uniqueness of the unlocking area, and improving reliability and safety of connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-12, the quick-connect device further includes a first limit member 41 configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the second end of the gravity block 13 towards the first pin shaft 61. Specifically, within some angle ranges, the second end of the gravity block 13 has a tendency to rotate toward the first pin shaft 61 under the action of gravity, i.e., having a tendency to rotate clockwise. Specifically, when the gravity block 13 rotates clockwise about the second pin shaft 62 by a certain angle, it will be stopped by the first limit member 41. The first limit member 41 can control the gravity block 13 to rotate within a small range, thereby more accurately controlling the movement range of the gravity block 13 and avoiding the gravity’ block 13 from affecting free rotation of the locking hook beyond the first angle range. Optionally, the first limit member 41 may be a stop block, a stop plate, etc., and the first limit member 41 may be disposed on the housing. In this embodiment, by providing a first limit member to limit the extreme position of rotation of the second end of the gravity- block toward the first pin shaft, the movement range of the gravity block can be more accurately controlled, the gravity block can be prevented from affecting free rotation of the locking hook beyond the first angle range, and safety and reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base can be improved. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-14B, the locking hook 12 includes a hook body 122 and a hook claw 123 connected to form an L-shaped structure, the hook body 122 being connected to the second pin shaft 62, and the hook claw 123 being configured to engage with the first lock hook 11; wherein a position to which the locking hook 12 rotates, where the hook body 122 faces upward and the center of gravity’ of the locking hook 12 starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft 61 is a first critical position, and a position to w hich the locking hook 12 rotates, where the hook body 122 faces upward and the equivalent center of gravity- of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft 61 is a second critical position. The first angle range is an angle range between the first critical position and the second critical position. Specifically, the hook claw 123 can cooperate with the engaging block protruding from the first end of the first lock hook II, for example, the hook claw 123 hooks the engaging block, with their inclined surfaces being meshed with each other to achieve locking. Specifically, the first critical position may be the position shown in FIG. 4, where the quick-connect device rotates to position a, and the second critical position may be the position shown in the upper half of FIG. 5, where the quick-connect device rotates to position b. Specifically, the position a shown in FIG. 4 and the position b shown in the upper half of FIG. 5 are merely illustrative positions, and the first critical position and the second critical position of the locking hook 12 may shift or change according to the shape, position of the center of gravity, etc. of the locking hook 12. Specifically, between the position a and the position b. i.e., within the first angle range, the locking hook 12 has a tendency to disengage from the first lock hook II due to its own gravity, but the gravity block 13 can prevent this disengagement tendency and keep the locking hook 12 at the locked position. Specifically, if the quick-connect device continues to rotate clockwise from position b, then the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 would deviate in the direction for disengaging the locking hook 12, such that the locking hook 12 disengages to complete unlocking of the first locking component, thereby switching the first locking component 1 from the first locked state to the first unlocked state. In the quick-connect device of this embodiment, by engaging the hook claw with the first lock hook and by use of the gravity block to keep the locking hook at the locked position in the case where the quick-connect device rotates to within the first angle range, the angle range of locking by the locking hook can be expanded, and the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base can be improved, thereby improving safety of construction machinery in operation. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-14B, the locking hook 12 includes a hook body 122 and a hook claw 123 connected to form an L-shaped structure, the hook body 122 being connected to the second pin shaft 62, and the hook claw' 123 being configured to engage with the first lock hook 11; wherein a position to which the locking hook 12 rotates, where the hook body 122 faces upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft 61 is a second critical position, and a position to which the locking hook 12 rotates, where the hook body 122 faces downward and the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction towards the first pin shaft 61 is a third critical position. The angle range between the second critical position and the third critical position is a second angle range. In the first unlocked state, the quick-connect device is within the second angle range, and in the first locked state, the quick-connect device is within an angle range rather than the second angle range. Specifically, the second critical position may be the position shown in the upper half of FIG. 5, where the quick-connect device rotates to position b, and the third critical position may be the position shown in the lower half of FIG. 5, where the quick-connect device rotates to position c. Specifically, the positions b and c shown in FIG. 5 are merely illustrative positions, the second critical position and the third critical position of the locking hook 12 may shift or change according to the shape, the position of center of gravity, etc. of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13, and the second angle range in actual situations is smaller than that shown in FIG. 5. Specifically, during the working process of the attachment 101, most of the angles corresponding to the quick-connect device are not within the second angle range. Specifically, if the quick-connect device continues to rotate clockw ise from position c, then the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 would deviate in a direction towards the first pin shaft 61, and the locking hook 12 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise under the action of gravity’, thereby achieving locking of the first locking component 1 and causing the first locking component 1 to switch from the first unlocked state to the first locked state. In this embodiment, the quick-connect device is within the second angle range in the first unlocked state, thus capable of ensuring uniqueness of the unlocking area and improving safety of connection between the attachment and the mounting base; the operator can achieve locking and unlocking of the first locking component through gravity only by controlling the rotation angle of the quick-connect device inside the cab, thereby quickly installing or replacing the attachment, which can reduce the operational difficulty and improve efficiency. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. I to I4B, the quick-connect device further includes a first linear drive component 51, a first end of which is connected to the first lock hook 11, and the first linear drive component 51 is used for driving the first lock hook 11 to achieve engagement with and separation from the first attachment pin shaft 102. Specifically, the first end of the first linear drive component 51 is connected to the first lock hook 11 through a fifth pin shaft 65. Optionally, the fifth pin shaft 65 may be a hinge shaft. Specifically, the first linear drive component 51, when extending out, can achieve engagement of the first lock hook II with the first attachment pin shaft 102. Optionally, the first linear drive component 51 may be a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod, etc. In this embodiment, the operator can, merely by driving the first linear drive component from within the cab, achieve engagement of the first lock hook with the first attachment pin shaft to thereby quickly install or replace the attachment, thus realizing the convenience of operation, and improving the safety and efficiency of operation. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 to I4B, the quick-connect device further includes a second lock hook 21 and a second locking component 2, wherein the second locking component 2 is used for locking the second attachment pin shaft 103 onto the second lock hook 21, and the second locked state is independent of the state of the first locking component 1. In this embodiment, by providing two sets of independent locking systems (both locks are mechanical locks, and their locking and unlocking are independent of each other), when the first locking component 1 is damaged or the first locking component 1 is in the first unlocked state, the second locking component 2 can still play a locking role. This can improve the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base, and improve the safety of construction machinery in operation. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 14B, the first locking component 1 and the second locking component 2 are arranged side by side in the preset direction x. Specifically, the first locking component 1 achieves locking within a large angle range through cooperation of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13, and the second locking component 2 achieves locking through a locking mechanism such as a locking block 22 as described in the following embodiments. These two sets of locking structures are located at both sides of the quick-connect device, and can be structurally independent, thus improving the reliability of locking and unlocking; and moreover, the side-by-side arrangement facilitates layout of the first locking component 1 and the second locking component 2. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 14B, the quick-connect device further includes a housing 3, on which a protruding portion 31 is provided in an area close to the first attachment pin shaft 102. The protruding portion 31 is disposed on a disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft 102 to prevent the first attachment pin shaft 102 from disengagement, and the disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft 102 is an arc with the second attachment pin shaft 103 as center. Specifically, the disengaging movement trajectory d of the first attachment pin shaft 102 may be as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. By providing the protruding portion 31 on the housing 3, in special cases such as failure of both the drive component and the first locking component 1, the protruding portion 31 can still prevent the first attachment pin shaft 102 from disengagement, ensuring that the first attachment pin shaft 102 and the quick-connect device are not separated from each other, and improving the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, as the first locking component I and the second locking component 2 are mutually independent, in the case where the first locking component 1 is damaged, the second locking component 2 still plays a locking role, that is, the second locking component 2 is in the second locked state. Therefore, even if the first locking component 1 fails, the disengaging movement trajectory d of the first attachment pin shaft 102 is still an arc centered on the second attachment pin shaft 103. More specifically, in order to illustrate that the protruding portion 31 will not interfere with the combination of the quick-connect device and the attachment 101, schematic mounting process views of the attachment 101 (bucket) of the quick-connect device shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 are provided. As shown in FIG. 14A, the bucket has been attached to the quick-connect device, but at this time the first attachment pin shaft 102 and the second attachment pin shaft 103 have not yet been mounted in place. As shown in FIG. 14B, under the action of the oil cylinder, the first lock hook 11 pushes the bucket to the position, that is, the bucket and the quick-connect device are mounted in place. As can be known from the schematic mounting process views shown in FIGS. I4A and 14B, the protruding portion 31 does not affect the installation of the attachment 101. The protruding portion 31 can prevent the first attachment pin shaft 102 from disengagement from the quick-connect device caused by the first lock hook 11 losing lock of the oil cylinder and accidentally losing mechanical lock of the locking hook 12. In this embodiment, the provision of the protruding portion on the disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft can ensure that the first attachment pin shaft and the quick-connect device are not disengaged from each other in special cases such as failure of both the drive component and the first locking component, and the protruding portion does not affect the installation of the attachment, thus capable of improving the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 14B, the second locking component 2 includes: a third pin shaft 63 extending in the preset direction x; a locking block 22 rotatably connected to the third pin shaft 63, wherein in the second locked state, the locking block 22 rotates to a first position, where a first end of the locking block 22 abuts against the second attachment pin shaft 103 to prevent the second attachment pin shaft 103 from disengagement from the second lock hook 21. Specifically, the first end of the locking block 22 may abut against the second attachment pin shaft 103 through various means to prevent the second attachment pin shaft 103 from disengaging from the second lock hook 21, for example, the position of the locking block 22 can be locked by abutting a fourth pin shaft 64 of the first linear drive component 51 against an end of a lock slot 24 of the locking block 22 close to the third pin shaft 63. In this embodiment, by abutting the first end of the locking block against the second attachment pin shaft at the first position to prevent the second attachment pin shaft from disengaging from the second lock hook, mechanical locking of the second attachment pin shaft can be achieved, and the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base can be improved. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 14B, the second locking component 2 further includes: a second limit member 42 for limiting an extreme position of rotation of the first end of the locking block 22 in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft 102. Specifically, disengagement of the second attachment pin shaft 103 from the second lock hook 21 would cause the locking block 22 to have a tendency to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, but the second limit member 42 can further prevent the rotating tendency of the locking block 22, such that the first end of the locking block 22 can be always abutted against the second attachment pin shaft 103. Optionally, at the first position, the first end of the locking block 22 is on the disengaging path of the second attachment pm shaft 103 to block it from detaching. In this embodiment, the first end of the locking block is abutted against the second attachment pin shaft at the first position to block the second attachment pin shaft from disengaging from the second lock hook, and meanwhile the second limit member can limit the extreme position of counterclockwise rotation of the locking block, so that multi-mechanical locking of the second attachment pin shaft can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-14B, the quick-connect device further includes a housing 3, and the second locking component 2 further includes: a first elastic member 23, connected between the locking block 22 and the housing 3, for applying an elastic force to the locking block 22 that causes the locking block 22 to rotate toward the second limit member 42. Specifically, the first elastic member 23 is used to apply an elastic force to the locking block 22 that causes the locking block 22 to rotate counterclockwise, so as to fix the position of the locking block 22, prevent the locking block 22 from deviating from the first position due to interference from other factors, and enable the second locking component 2 to still function even if the first locking component 1 is damaged. In this embodiment, an elastic member is used to maintain the locking block at the first position, which can avoid the locking block moving randomly due to interference from other factors, and improve the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 -14B, the quick-connect device further includes a housing 3 and a fourth pin shaft 64 extending in the preset direction x. The housing 3 is provided with a slide channel 32, and the fourth pin shaft 64 is movably connected to the housing 3 along the slide channel 32. The locking block 22 further includes a lock slot 24, and the fourth pin shaft 64 is disposed in the lock slot 24 and abuts against an inner wall of the lock slot 24; wherein movement of the fourth pin shaft 64 is used to drive the locking block 22 to rotate about the third pin shaft 63, and in the case where the fourth pin shaft 64 moves along the slide channel 32 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24, the second locking component 2 is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6-11, the slide channel 32 may extend in a horizontal direction. Specifically, the slide channel 32 may define the movement path of the fourth pin shaft, and the lock slot 24 may define the movement path of the locking block 22. Specifically, movement of the fourth pin shaft 64 along the slide channel from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end away from the third pin shaft 63 32 within the lock slot 24 drives the locking block 22 to rotate clockwise about the third pin shaft, thereby achieving unlocking of the second locking component 2. Optionally, in the process of the fourth pin shaft 64 moving along the slide channel 32 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24, several intermediate states may be set according to actual requirements. Specifically, only setting the initial state and the final state helps to achieve precise control of the second locking component 2. In this embodiment, unlocking of the second locking component is achieved through movement of the fourth pin shaft. This can reduce the number of moving components of the second locking component to effectively reduce manufacturing costs, and meanwhile, movement paths of the moving components are defined by the slide channel and the lock slot, thus capable of achieving precise control of the second locking component and improving the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10, in the second unlocked state, the locking block 22 rotates to a second position, where the first end of the locking block 22 is spaced apart from the disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft 103. Specifically, in the second locked state, the locking block 22 is located at the first position, where the first end of the locking block 22 abuts against the second attachment pin shaft 103. In the case where the second locking component 2 is switched to the second unlocked state, the locking block 22 rotates to the second position spaced apart from the disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft 103, so that the second attachment pin shaft 103 can freely disengage from the second lock hook 21. Optionally, as shown in FIGS. 6-11, the disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft 103 may extend in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, unlocking of the second locking component is achieved through rotation of the locking block to the second position. Thus, the structures for mechanical locking and unlocking are reliable and effective, which can improve the reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-14B, the quick-connect device further includes a housing 3, and the second locking component 2 further includes: a first elastic member 23, connected between the locking block 22 and the housing 3, for applying an elastic force to the locking block 22 that causes the locking block 22 to rotate toward the second limit member 42, wherein the elastic force applied by the first elastic member 23 at the first position of the locking block 22 is less than that applied at the second position. Specifically, the force applied by the first elastic member 23 to the locking block 22 is greater at the second position than at the first position, which is conducive to driving the locking block 22 to overcome the rotational resistance to return to the first position. In this embodiment, endowing the elastic member with a greater elastic force at the second position facilities the locking block to overcome the rotational resistance to return to the first position, and can prevent the locking block from moving randomly due to interference from other factors, thus improving the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6-10, the quick-connect device further includes a first linear drive component 51 and a third limit member 43, wherein a first end of the first linear drive component 51 is connected to the first lock hook 11, and a second end of the first linear drive component 51 is connected to the fourth pin shaft 64, and the third limit member 43 is used to limit the extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook Ilina direction away from the first attachment pin shaft 102; wherein, in the case where the first locking component 1 is in the first unlocked state and the first linear drive component 51 retracts to a preset length, the first lock hook 11 abuts against the third limit member 43, and the first linear drive component 51 continues to retract to drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move along the slide channel 32. Specifically, the first end of the first linear drive component 51 may be connected to the first lock hook 11 via a fifth pin shaft 65. Optionally, the fifth pin shaft 65 may be a hinge shaft. Optionally, the first linear drive component 51 may be an oil cylinder, an electric push rod, etc. Optionally, the third limit member 43 may be a stop block, or the like. Optionally, the third limit member 43 may be disposed on the housing 3. Specifically, the first linear drive component 51, when extending out, can achieve engagement of the first lock hook 11 with the first attachment pin shaft 102, and the first linear drive component 51, when retracting, drives the first lock hook 11 to rotate counterclockwise about the first pin shaft 61. The first lock hook 11, after rotating counterclockwise by a certain angle, may be limited by the third limit member 43, and thereafter, the first lock hook 11 no longer moves. Continued retraction of the first linear drive component 51 can drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move leftward along the slide channel 32, moving the fourth pin shaft 64 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to the end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24, such that the locking block 22 is rotated from the first position to the second position around the third pin shaft 63 to thereby fulfill unlocking of the second locking component 2. In this embodiment, by connecting the second end of the first linear drive component to the fourth pin shaft, and by use of the third limit member to limit the extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook, the operator can achieve unlocking of the second locking component by controlling, in the cab, the first linear drive component to retract for further quick installation or replacement the attachment, thereby reducing the operational difficulty and improving efficiency. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 15-28, the quick-connect device includes a second locking component 2, a first lock hook 11, a second lock hook 21, a housing 3, and a first linear drive component 51. The housing 3 is provided with a slide channel 32. The second locking component 2 includes: a third pin shaft 63 extending in the preset direction x; a locking block 22 rotatably connected to the third pin shaft 63, wherein the locking block 22 includes a lock slot 24, and in the second locked state, the locking block 22 is at the first position, and the first end of the locking block 22 abuts against the second attachment pin shaft 103 to prevent the second attachment pin shaft 103 from disengaging from the second lock hook 21; and a fourth pin shaft 64 extending in the preset direction x, disposed in the lock slot 24 and abutting against the inner wall of the lock slot 24, and movably connected to the housing 3 along the slide channel 32, wherein at the first position, the fourth pin shaft 64 abuts against an end close to the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24; wherein the first end of the first linear drive component 51 is connected to the fourth pin shaft 64, the second end of the first linear drive component 51 is connected to the first lock hook 11, and the first linear drive component 51 is configured to rotate the locking block 22 to and maintain it at the first position, and engage the first lock hook 11 with the first attachment pin shaft 102 by extension thereof, thereby reaching the second locked state; optionally, the shape of the lock slot 24 is elongated circular, arc-shaped, or triangular. Specifically, in the case where the locking block 22 is at the first position, the slide channel 32 and the lock slot 24 extend in different directions, and the slide channel 32 and the lock slot 24 cooperate to lock the fourth pin shaft 64 at an end close to the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24, such that even if the first linear drive component 51 fails, the second locking component 2 may not unlock. Specifically, the slide channel 32 and the second locking component 2 cooperate to enable the locking block 22 to effectively achieve mechanical locking of the second attachment pin shaft 103, such that even without the first locking component 1, reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base can still be improved. Optionally, the slide channel 32 may extend in the horizontal direction. Optionally, the first linear drive component 51 may be a hydraulic oil cylinder, an electric push rod, and so on. Specifically, the first linear drive component 51, by means of extension, causes the locking block 22 to rotate to and remain at the first position to achieve mechanical locking of the second attachment pin shaft 103, and causes the first lock hook 11 to engage with the first attachment pin shaft 102, thereby reaching the second locked state and achieving stable connection between the attachment and the mounting base. Optionally, a fifth pin shaft 65 is provided at an end of the first lock hook 11 aw ay from the second pin shaft 62, and the second end of the first linear drive component 51 may be hinged to the first lock hook 11 via the fifth pin shaft 65, so as to facilitate the first linear drive component 51 to drive the first lock hook 11 to rotate about the second pin shaft 62. Specifically, in the case where the shape of the lock slot 24 is elongated circular, the fourth pin shaft 64 and the locking block 22 may be better limited, and moreover, rotation of the locking block 22 does not require assistance of a torsion spring; in the case where the shape of the lock slot 24 is arc-shaped, the torque of initial rotation can be effectively increased, and the impact caused by resistance of the mechanism can be reduced; in the case where the lock slot 24 is triangular, for example, of a rounded triangular shape, the locking block 22 may have a larger movement space, for example, even if the first linear drive component 51 remains in the extended state and the fourth pin shaft 64 does not move, when the second attachment pin shaft 103 enters the second lock hook 21 from the outside of the quick-connect device, the locking block 22 can also be rotated clockwise about the third pin shaft 63 to thereby enter the second lock hook 21. In this embodiment, the second locking component and the slide channel cooperate to achieve mechanical locking of the second attachment pin shaft, which can improve reliability of connection between the attachment and the mounting base; even in case of failure of the first linear drive component or in the absence of the first locking component, reliable connection between the attachment and the mounting base can still be ensured, thus improving safety of the construction machinery in operation; the use of the first linear drive component ensures that the quick-connect device can be unlocked by the operator at any position, so that the operation is simpler compared to unlocking by manual insertion of a pin or by gravity, thereby improving operational safety and efficiency. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 10, 20, and 27, in the case where the fourth pin shaft 64 moves along the slide channel 3 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to an end away from the third pin shaft 63 w ithin the lock slot 242, the locking block 22 is rotated from the first position to the second position, and the second locking component 2 is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, and at the second position, the first end of the locking block 22 is spaced apart from the disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft 103. Specifically, retraction of the first linear drive component 51 can drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move towards the end aw ay from the third pin shaft 63 along the slide channel 32, that is, the first linear drive component 51 extends. Specifically, the slide channel 32 can define the movement path of the fourth pin shaft, and the lock slot 24 can define the movement path of the locking block 22. Specifically, movement of the fourth pin shaft 64 along the slide channel 32 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to an end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24 can drive the locking block 22 to rotate clockwise about the third pin shaft 63, so that the first end of the locking block 22 is spaced apart from the disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft 103 to fulfill unlocking of the second locking component 2. Optionally, in the process of the fourth pin shaft 64 moving along the slide channel 32 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to the other end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24, several intermediate states may be set according to actual requirements. Specifically, only setting two states is helpful to realize precise control of the second locking component 2. In this embodiment, unlocking of the second locking component is achieved through movement of the fourth pin shaft, thus capable of reducing the number of moving components of the second locking component to effectively reduce manufacturing costs; and meanwhile, the movement path of the fourth pin shaft is defined through cooperation of the slide channel and the lock slot, thus capable of realizing precise control of the second locking component, and improving the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 22-24, in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the fonnula Fl*lc>F2*ld is satisfied; wherein Fl is the pressure exerted by the fourth pin shaft 64 on the inner side surface of the lock slot 24,1c is the perpendicular distance from the center of the third pin shaft 63 to a straight line extending in the direction where Fl is located, F2 is the friction force between the fourth pin shaft 64 and the inner side surface of the lock slot 24, and Id is the distance between the center of the third pin shaft 63 and the point where the fourth pin shaft 64 applies force to the inner side surface of the lock slot 24. Specifically, the position of the center of the third pin shaft 63 may be point O. Specifically, in the switching process from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the fourth pin shaft 64 may press an inclined surface H, and at the point of force application, the fourth pin shaft 64 may exert a pressure in the direction of Fl on the inclined surface H; meanwhile, in the movement process, the pressure in the direction of Fl may generate a sliding friction force in the direction of F2. Specifically, the pressure in the direction of FI, with 1c as a moment arm, generates a torque for rotating the locking block 22 clockwise about the third pin shaft 63, and the sliding friction force in the direction of F2, with Id as a moment arm, generates a torque for rotating the locking block 22 counterclockwise about the third pin shaft 63. If the structural design is unreasonable, the torque generated by F2 may be greater than or equal to the torque generated by Fl, leading to a self-locking situation. In such a case, no matter how much force is applied to the fourth pin shaft 64, it cannot move the fourth pin shaft 64 leftwards along the slide channel 32. Optionally, as the sliding friction force F2 is generated by the pressure Fl, F2 is much smaller than F1. Even if Id is greater than 1c, the locking block 9 can still be rotated clockwise. Specifically, in the switching process from the second unlocked state to the second locked state, the point where the fourth pin shaft 64 applies force is on an inclined surface I. More specifically, if the mechanism is desired to be unlockable, in order to ensure that leftward sliding of the pin shaft 64 can produce a clockwise rotation effect, it is also necessary to satisfy the basic unlocking condition, that is, the length of la needs to be greater than the length of lb. Specifically, la is the distance between point O and the center of the fourth pin shaft 64 when in the first position, and lb is the distance between point O and the center of the fourth pin shaft 64 when in the second position. Specifically, the acute angle between line segment la and line segment lb is 0, and line segment lb becomes collinear with line segment la when rotated counterclockwise by angle 0. Specifically, as the fourth pin shaft 64 continues to move leftwards, the locking block 22 rotates clockwise, and switches from the first position to the second position. During this transition, the length of the moment arm Id for F2 about point O is decreasing, and the length of the moment arm 1c for Fl about point 0 is increasing, and accordingly the clockwise resultant torque generated by Fl and F2 about point 0 gradually increases. Correspondingly, in the case where the lock slot 24 is an elongated circular slot, the sliding resistance of the fourth pin shaft 64 may gradually decrease as the fourth pin shaft 64 moves leftwards. The smoothness of unlocking can be improved using the characteristic that the rotational speed of the locking block 22 increases gradually with the retraction stroke of the first linear drive component 51 during its retraction. In this embodiment, by optimizing the structural design of the second locking component, the smoothness of rotation of the locking block and the convenience of use of the quick-connect device can be improved, the unlocking conditions of the second locking component are met, and the phenomenon of self-locking is avoided. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 24, the lock slot 24 is arc-shaped, which can further improve the smoothness of operation of the mechanism and increase the initial unlocking torque. Specifically, the principle for this arc-shaped slot is as follows: while keeping the positions of both ends of the slide slot of the locking block 22 relative to the center of the third pin shaft 63 unchanged, the end face angle at the initial unlocking position J rotates clockwise, and the unlocking end position K rotates counterclockwise accordingly to ensure the continuity’ of the slide channel. This increases the moment arm 1c for Fl about point 0, and reduces the moment arm Id for F2 about point O. The adoption of this arc-shaped lock slot can shorten the length of Id and increase the length of 1c, effectively increase the initial torque of rotation and reduce the impact caused by the resistance of the mechanism. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 15-28, the quick-connect device further includes a third limit member 43, which is used to limit the extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook 11 in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft 102. In the case where the first linear drive component 51 retracts to a preset length, the first lock hook 11 abuts against the third limit member 43. The first linear drive component 51 continues to retract to drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move along the slide channel 32 in a direction away from the third pin shaft 63, thus rotating the locking block 22 from the first position to the second position; and / or the second locking component 2 further includes: a first elastic member 23, connected between the locking block 22 and the housing 3, for applying an elastic force to the locking block 22 to maintain the locking block 22 at the first position, wherein the elastic force applied by the first elastic member 23 at the first position of the locking block 22 is less than that applied at the second position. Optionally, the third limit member 43 may be a stop block, or the like. Optionally, the third limit member 43 may be disposed on the housing 3. Specifically, when the first linear drive component 51 retracts, it drives the first lock hook 11 to rotate counterclockwise about the first pin shaft 61; after the first lock hook 11 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, it will be stopped by the third limit member 43; and thereafter the first lock hook 11 no longer moves. Continued retraction of the first linear drive component 51 will drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move leftwards along the slide channel 32, moving the fourth pin shaft 64 from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to the end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24, such that the locking block 22 is rotated from the first position to the second position around the third pin shaft 63 thereby to complete unlocking of the second locking component 2. Specifically, the first elastic member 23 is used to apply an elastic force to the locking block 22 to cause the locking block 22 to rotate counterclockwise, so as to fix the position of the locking block 22, avoid the locking block 22 from being deviated from the first position due to interference from other factors, and enable the second locking component 2 to still function even if the first linear drive component 51 fails or the fourth pin shaft 64 shifts due to damage. Specifically, the force applied by the first elastic member 23 to the locking block 22 is greater at the second position than that at the first position, which is beneficial to driving the locking block 22 to overcome the rotational resistance and return to the first position. Specifically, during the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the locking block 22 overcomes the restoring force of the first elastic member 23 and rotates clockwise from the first position to the second position. In this embodiment, the adoption of the third limit member to limit the extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook can facilitate operators to unlock the second locking component, by controlling the first linear drive component to retract from within the cab, for further quick installation or replacement of the attachment, thereby reducing the operational difficulty and improving efficiency; by use of the elastic member to keep the locking block at the first position, the locking block can be prevented from moving randomly due to interference from other factors, thus improving the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base; and the elastic force at the second position is greater, which is beneficial to the locking block overcoming the rotational resistance to return to the first position, and can avoid the locking block moving randomly due to interference from other factors, thereby further improving the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 15-28, the quick-connect device further includes a first locking component 1 and a first pin shaft 61 extending in the preset direction x, wherein a first end of the first lock hook 11 is rotatably connected to the first pin shaft 61, a second end of the first lock hook 11 is connected to the second end of the first linear drive component 51, and the first locking component 1 includes: a second elastic member 14 sleeved onto the first linear drive component 51 and having its two ends abutted against the first end and the second end of the first linear drive component 51 respectively, wherein the second elastic member 14 is in a compressed state in the first locked state, so as to keep the first linear drive component 51 in the extended state. Specifically, in the first locked state, the first linear drive component 51 is in the extended state. Specifically, the operator can switch the first locking component from the first locked state to the first unlocked state by causing the first linear drive component 51 to retract. Specifically, when the first locking component 1 is in the first locked state, the second locking component 2 is necessarily in the second locked state; when the first locking component 1 is in the first unlocked state, the second locking component 2 can be in either the second locked state or the second unlocked state depending on the retraction length of the first linear drive component 51. Specifically, in the first locked state, the second elastic member 14 applies a force to the first lock hook 11 to cause the first lock hook 11 to rotate about the first pin shaft 61 in a direction towards the first attachment pin shaft 102 (clockwise direction), and simultaneously the second elastic member 14 also applies a force to the fourth pin shaft 64 to cause the fourth pin shaft 64 to move in a direction towards the third pin shaft 63 (rightward direction). Specifically, the second elastic member 14 can keep the first linear drive component 51 in the extended state in case of failure of the first linear drive component 51, ensuring that the quick-connect device is simultaneously in the first locked state and the second locked state. For example, when the hydraulic system of the oil cylinder fails, a thrust will be generated under the action of the second elastic member 14, which keeps the first lock hook 11 at the locked position, and at the same time keeps the fourth pin shaft 64 at the locked position (first position). Specifically, in the retracting process of the first linear drive component 51, the second elastic member 14 is further compressed. The first lock hook 11 rotates counterclockwise about the first pin shaft 61, and the locking block 22 is restricted at the first position due to combined limitation of the slide channel 32 and the lock slot 24 on the fourth pin shaft 64 or due to action of the first elastic member 23. Specifically, when the first lock hook 11 rotates counterclockwise about the first pin shaft 61 until it contacts the third limit member 43, the unlocking of the first attachment pin shaft 102 is completed, and it can be removed from the quick-connect device, while the second attachment pin shaft 103 is still in the locked state. Further retraction of the first linear drive component 51 causes the locking block 22 to rotate to the second position, thus completing the unlocking of the second attachment pin shaft 103, and the entire attachment can be removed from the quick-connect device. In this embodiment, the second elastic member functions as the first locking component, which can ensure that the operator can replace the attachment by the quick-connect device from the cab of excavators and other construction machinery, and can achieve automatic locking and unlocking; meanwhile, the quick-connect device has two independent locking systems, which can effectively ensure the safety of use of the construction machinery. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 15-28, the first end of the locking block 22 is provided with a recess 25, configured to abut against the second attachment pin shaft 103 when the first linear drive component 51 fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member 14 is insufficient, so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft 103 from disengaging from the second lock hook 21; and / or the first lock hook 11 includes an extension portion 1 11, which protrudes from the hook claw of the first lock hook 11 and used to hold the first attachment pin shaft 102 when the first linear drive component 51 fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member 14 is insufficient, to thereby prevent the first attachment pin shaft 102 from disengaging from the first lock hook 11. Specifically, the use of the recess 25 ensures that the locking block 22 can still retain the second attachment pin shaft 103 in the case where damage occurs at position G. In this embodiment, the structural limitations provided by the recess 25 and the extension portion 111 can lower the requirement for elastic force of the second elastic member 14 and improve the stability' of the locking. Even if the first linear drive component 51 fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member 14 is insufficient, it can still ensure that the attachment is stably connected to the mounting base without disengagement. During the production process, the inventor also found that, for the first linear drive component 51 (such as oil cylinders, etc.) on the quick-connect device for large-tonnage construction machinery, the elastic thrust required for the second elastic member 14 might be very substantial. If the first linear drive component 51 suffers from severe damage and the first attachment pin shaft 102 has already disengaged from the first lock hook 11, the second elastic member 14 would release its elastic potential energy rapidly, causing the first lock hook 11 together with the moving rod of the first linear drive component 51 to acquire a significant kinetic energy. When the first linear drive component 51 reaches its maximum stroke, the kinetic energy would not disappear, and the fourth pin shaft 64 will be subjected to a traction force to the left. If this traction force exceeds the cooperative restriction force of the slide channel 32 and the lock slot 24, or the counteracting elastic force of the first elastic member 23, it could lead to accidental unlocking of the second attachment pin shaft 103. This situation belongs to extreme working conditions but is theoretically possible. In order to avoid safety accidents under the above extreme working conditions, in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 25-28, the quick-connect device further includes a fourth limit member 44, which is configured to abut against the locking block 22 in the second locked state to keep the locking block 22 at the first position. The fourth limit member 44 includes: a sixth pin shaft 66 extending in the preset direction x; a first section 441 rotatably connected to the sixth pin shaft 66, wherein an end of the first section 441 away from the sixth pin shaft 66 abuts against the locking block 22 in the second locked state; a second section 442 fixedly connected to the first section 441 and rotatably connected to the sixth pin shaft 66; and a third elastic member 443 configured to fix the position of at least one of the first section 441 and the second section 442 in the second locked state; wherein, in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the first lock hook 11 contacts an end of the second section 442 away from the sixth pin shaft 66 and causes the second section 442 to rotate about the sixth pin shaft 66, thereby causing the first section 441 to rotate in a direction away from the third pin shaft 63. Specifically, the extreme working condition needs to simultaneously satisfy the failure of the first linear drive component 51, the failure of cooperative limitation on the position of the fourth pin shaft 64 by the slide channel 32 and the lock slot 24, the failure of the first elastic member 23 (optionally), the failure of the structural limitation by the recess 25 and the extension portion 111 (optionally), and the unexpected detachment of the first attachment pin shaft 102, and the sudden release of the elastic potential energy of the second elastic member 14. Specifically, when the first linear drive component 51 is severely damaged, for example, a large amount of hydraulic oil leaks from the hydraulic cylinder, and the first attachment pin shaft 102 is detached, the energy of the second elastic member 14 (such as a spring) is suddenly released, driving the first lock hook 11 to rotate clockwise about the first pin shaft 61 at a certain speed through the fifth pin shaft 65. When the first linear drive component 51 extends to its maximum length, the first linear drive component 51 and the first lock hook 11 have kinetic energy in the leftward direction, and this kinetic energy causes the fourth pin shaft 64 to move unexpectedly to the left. Specifically, when the second section 442 of the fourth limit member 44 does not contact the first lock hook 11, the end of the first section 441 away from the sixth pin shaft 66 abuts against the locking block 22 at position L, which can effectively prevent the fourth pin shaft 64 from moving to the left (away from the third pin shaft 63) due to damage of the first linear drive component 51 and sudden release of the second elastic member 14. Specifically, when the first linear drive component 51 retracts, the first lock hook 11 rotates counterclockwise about the first pin shaft 61 and comes into contact with the second section 442 at position M. As the first linear drive component 51 continues to retract, the second section 442 and the first section 441 rotate clockwise about the sixth pin shaft 66, thereby removing locking on the locking block 22 at position L. When the first linear drive component 51 continues to retract, the contact position between the first lock hook 11 and the second section 442 changes to position N, the fourth pin shaft 64 is moved to the left under the drive of the first linear drive component 51, and the locking block 22 releases the locking on the second attachment pin shaft 103. In this embodiment, by using a fourth limit member to abut against the locking block in the second locked state, rotation of the locking block under extreme working conditions can be effectively prevented, and the accidental unlocking of the second attachment pin shaft can be avoided, thereby further improving the safety of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. Secondly, the present disclosure provides construction machinery which, as shown in FIGS. 1, 29 and 30, includes a mounting base 104, an attachment 101 and the quick-connect device according to the above embodiment, wherein the quick-connect device detachably connects the attachment 101 to the mounting base 104. In the construction machinery according to this embodiment, the attachment can be quickly and flexibly installed or replaced through the quick-connect device capable of achieving locking, which facilitates to expand the functions of the construction machinery, improve the reliability’ of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base, and improve the safety of the construction machinery in operation; after installation of the attachment, manual insertion of pins to achieve locking is not required, which can reduce the risk of detachment of the attachment caused by operational errors during the operation, and thus ensure the safety of the operation; the operator can replace the attachment from the cab, which can reduce the operational difficulty when replacing the attachment, and can improve efficiency. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1, 29 and 30, the construction machinery is an excavator, wherein the attachment 101 includes a bucket, the mounting base 104 includes a stick 105 and a connecting arm 106, the bucket is connected to a first end of the stick 105 and a first end of the connecting arm 106 through the quick-connect device, and a second end of the connecting arm 106 is rotatably connected to the stick 105 through a swing arm 107. Specifically, the excavator may further include a second linear drive component 52 such as a hydraulic cylinder, etc., wherein a first end of the second linear drive component 52 is rotatably connected to the second end of the connecting arm 106; the second linear drive component 52, the connecting arm 106 and the swing arm 107 are hinged at the same point; and a second end of the second linear drive component 52 is rotatably connected to a second end of the stick 105. The working principle of the quick-connect device in the first embodiment and the second embodiment according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking an excavator having the attachment 101 as a bucket as an example. As shown in FIG. 14A, the bucket is first attached to the quick-connect device, but at this time the first attachment pin shaft 102 and the second attachment pin shaft 103 have not been mounted in place yet. The first linear drive component 51 extends, thereby pushing the first lock hook 11 to rotate clockwise about the first pin shaft 61 via the fifth pin shaft 65, tightly clamping the first attachment pin shaft 102. Meanwhile, the extension of the first linear drive component 51 pushes the bucket into position, i.e., the bucket is mounted in place with the quick-connect device. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 14B, the first locking component 1 of the quick-connect device is in the first locked state, the second locking component 2 is in the second locked state, and both the first attachment pin shaft 102 and the second attachment pin shaft 103 of the bucket are locked. When the first linear drive component 51 loses power, the first lock hook 11 has a tendency to rotate in the direction of loosening (counterclockwise) under the gravity of the first attachment pin shaft 102 itself. At this time, as the locking hook 12 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise about the second pin shaft 62 under gravity and is engaged with the first lock hook 11 (The engaging manner may be as shown at position A in FIG. 2, where two inclined surfaces are meshed with each other), the first lock hook 11 cannot loosen. Meanwhile, the disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft 103 is horizontally to the right. The first end of the locking block 22 blocks the disengagement path of the second attachment pin shaft 103 and abuts against the second attachment pin shaft 103. The tendency of the second attachment pin shaft 103 to disengage from the second lock hook 21 causes the locking block 22 to have a tendency to rotate counterclockwise, but the second limit member 42 can prevent the rotation tendency of the locking block 22, thereby preventing the second lock hook 21 from loosening. Further, the first elastic member 23 applies an elastic force to the locking block 22 to cause it to rotate counterclockwise, thereby fixing the position of the locking block 22. In this way, even if the first linear drive component 51 and the first locking component 1 are both damaged, the second locking component 2 can still function. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the housing 3 of the quick-connect device is provided with a protruding portion 31 in a region close to the first attachment pin shaft 102. The protruding portion 31 is disposed on the disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft 102 to prevent its engagement. This can prevent the first attachment pin shaft 102 from disengaging even in special cases where both the first linear drive component 51 and the first locking component 1 fail. Further, the protruding portion 31 does not affect the installation of the bucket, and provides dual protection for the locking of the first attachment pin shaft 102. Specifically, as the first locking component I and the second locking component 2 are independent of each other, in the case where the first locking component 1 is damaged, the second locking component 2 still plays a locking role, i.e., the second locking component 2 is in the second locked state. Therefore, even if the first locking component 1 fails, the disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft 102 is an arc with the second attachment pin shaft 103 as center. As shown in FIGS. 1-14B. the angle of the quick-connect device will change with the angle of the bucket during actual operation by the operator, and the center of gravity of the locking hook 12 will also change accordingly when the quick-connect device rotates to different positions. When the quick-connect device rotates to within the first angle range, i.e., the quick-connect device is between position a and position b, the locking hook 12 has an unlocking tendency to rotate clockwise under gravity; however, the gravity block 13 and the limiting portion 121 cooperate to prevent the unlocking tendency of the locking hook 12, keeping the locking hook 12 at the locked position. Specifically, within the first angle range, the second end of the gravity block 13 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and by being pressed against the limiting portion 121 at position B, it restricts the locking hook 12 from rotating clockwise, thereby expanding the angle range of locking by the locking hook 12, and improving the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base. Specifically, when the gravity block 13 rotates clockwise about the second pin shaft 62 by a certain angle, it will be limited by the first limit member 41. The first limit member 41 can control the gravity block 13 to rotate within a certain small range, allowing for more accurate control of the movement range of the gravity block 13 and preventing the gravity block 13 from affecting free rotation of the locking hook 12 beyond the first angle range. Specifically, the limiting portion 121 and the first limit member 41 cooperating with each other can control the angle of rotation of the gravity block 13, thereby controlling the locking and unlocking range of the first locking component 1. As shown in FIG. 5, when the quick-connect device rotates to within the second angle range, i.e., the quick-connect device is between position b and position c, the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13 shifts in a direction that enables the locking hook 12 to disengage, so the locking hook 12 disengages from the first lock hook II to complete unlocking of the first locking component I, thereby switching the first locking component I from the first locked state to the first unlocked state. The operator can achieve the unlocking of the first locking component via gravity simply by controlling the rotation angle of the bucket (quick-connect device) from within the cab, and can ensure the uniqueness of the unlocking area. Specifically, the above-mentioned positions a, b, and c are only illustrative positions, the actual unlocking position of the quick-connect device may shift or vary depending on the shape, center of gravity position, etc. of the locking hook 12 and the gravity block 13, and the second angle range in practice is smaller than that in FIG. 5. Specifically, during the operation of the bucket, most angles corresponding to the quick-connect device are not within the second angle range. As shown m FIGS. 6-11, the first end of the first linear drive component 51 of the quick-connect device is connected to the first lock hook II, and the second end of the first linear drive component 51 is connected to the fourth pin shaft 64. The third limit member 43 can limit the extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook 11 in the counterclockwise direction. In the case where the first locking component 1 is in the first unlocked state and the first linear drive component 51 retracts, the first lock hook 11 abuts against the third limit member 43. Further retraction of the first linear drive component 51 drives the fourth pin shaft 64 to move from right to left along the slide channel 32, thereby causing the locking block 22 to rotate about the third pin shaft 63 from the first position to the second position. As a result, unlocking of the second locking component 2 is completed, and the second locking component 2 is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state. Specifically, the operator can, from within the cab, achieve installation and locking of the bucket only by controlling the first linear drive component 51 to extend, can achieve unlocking of the first locking component 1 simply by controlling the bucket (quick-connect device) to rotate to within the second angle range, and can achieve unlocking of the second locking component 2 by controlling the first linear drive component 51 to retract, thereby enabling quick installation or replacement of the attachment, which can reduce the operational difficulty and improve the efficiency. In the above embodiments, the first attachment pin shaft is mechanically locked using a purely gravity-based means of cooperating the locking hook with the gravity block, which enlarges the angle range of locking by the locking hook; a protruding portion is adopted to provide multiple guarantees for locking of the first attachment pin shaft; the locking and unlocking of the second attachment pin shaft is achieved through the structures of the locking block and the slide channel, which reduces the number of the moving components and accordingly reduces manufacturing costs, improves the locking reliability and obviates the need for manual insertion of pins to achieve locking. The operator can achieve locking and unlocking by controlling the first linear drive component as well as the rotation angle of the quickconnect device to thereby enable quick installation or replacement of the attachment, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base, and the safety of construction machinery’ in operation. This solution has at least the following advantages: I. When the first linear drive component 51 fails, the quick-connect device does not separate from the attachment 101. 2. The quick-connect device can only be unlocked within a specific angle range, effectively improving the safety of the quick-connect device. 3. By employing a dual-lock structure where the first locking component 1 and the second locking component 2 cooperate but are relatively independent, with no direct linkage therebetween, damage to the first locking component 1 will not cause the second locking component 2 to unlock, thus effectively improving the safety7 of the quick-connect device. 4. The operator can independently complete the connection or separation of the quick-connect device and the attachment 101 directly from the cab. 5. The quick-connect device can be directly matched with an ordinary bucket of corresponding tonnage, with no need to produce a specially designed bucket. 6. The quick-connect device retains space for increasing material dimensions, which can effectively improve structural strength. Below, with an excavator having the attachment 101 as a bucket taken as an example, the working principles of the quick-connect device in the third embodiment, fourth embodiment, and fifth embodiment of this disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 15, 16, and 25, the attachment 101 is reliably connected to the mounting base 104 via the quick-connect device. At this time, the second locking component 2 is in the second locked state. In the fourth embodiment, the first locking component 1 is in the first locked state, and in the fifth embodiment, the fourth limit member 44 is in a state of absolute limitation against the locking block 22. As shown in FIGS. 17 to 20, by causing the first linear drive component 51 to drive the first lock hook 11 to rotate counterclockwise until it abuts against the third limit member 43, the first attachment pin shaft 102 can be removed. Thereafter the first lock hook 11 ceases to move. Continued retraction of the first linear drive component 51 will drive the fourth pin shaft 64 to move leftwards along the slide channel 32, causing the fourth pin shaft 64 to move from an end close to the third pin shaft 63 to an end away from the third pin shaft 63 within the lock slot 24. This, in turn, causes the locking block 22 to rotate about the third pin shaft 63 from the first position to the second position, thereby completing unlocking of the second locking component 2, and allowing removal of the second attachment pin shaft 103. Specifically, in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the locking block 22 overcomes the restoring force of the first elastic member 23 and rotates clockwise from the first position to the second position. Optionally, in order to avoid accidents under extreme operating conditions, as shown in FIGS. 25 to 28, the fourth limit member 44 abuts against the locking block 22 in the second locked state, and is spaced apart from the locking block 22 in the second unlocked state. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, when the first linear drive component 51 retracts, the first lock hook 11 rotates counterclockwise about the first pin shaft 61 and comes into contact with the second section 442 at position M. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 27, the first linear drive component 51 continues to retract, causing the second section 442 and the first section 441 to rotate clockwise about the sixth pin shaft 66, thereby removing the locking on the locking block 22 at position L, the contact position between the first lock hook 11 and the second section 442 changes to position N, and the fourth pin shaft 64 moves leftward under the drive of the first linear drive component 51, resulting in that the locking block 22 releases the locking on the second attachment pin shaft 103. In the above embodiments, the first attachment pin shaft is mechanically locked using a purely gravity-based means of cooperating the locking hook with the gravity block, which enlarges the angle range of locking by the locking hook; a protruding portion is adopted to provide multiple guarantees for locking of the first attachment pin shaft; the locking and unlocking of the second attachment pin shaft is achieved through the structures of the locking block and the slide channel, which reduces the number of the moving components and accordingly reduces manufacturing costs, improves the locking reliability and obviates the need for manual insertion of pins to achieve locking. The operator can achieve locking and unlocking by controlling the first linear drive component as well as the rotation angle of the quickconnect device to thereby enable quick installation or replacement of the attachment, which can improve the reliability of the connection between the attachment and the mounting base, and the safety of construction machinery in operation. This solution has at least the following advantages: 1. It ensures that when the first linear drive component 51 fails, the quick-connect device does not separate from the attachment 101; 2. It ensures that the quick-connect device can be unlocked by the operator at any position, and the connection or separation of the quick-connect device and the attachment 101 can be independently completed from within the vehicle, making operation faster and simpler compared to gravity-based unlocking; 3. It adopts a locking and unlocking solution involving cooperation of the slide channel and the lock slot, and makes the second unlocked state switched at the end of the stroke of the first linear drive component 51, so that the second locking component is not affected by the state of the first locking component; 4. The quick-connect device can be directly matched with an ordinary bucket of corresponding tonnage, without the need to produce a specially designed bucket. 5. The second elastic member 14 provided on the first linear drive component 51 not only applies a pushing force to the first lock hook 11, but also applies a pushing force to the fourth pin shaft 64, and cooperates with the first elastic member 23 to provide dual elastic locking for the position of the locking block 22; 6. For larger tonnages, even under extreme working conditions where the first linear drive component 51 is severely damaged and the spring energy is released abruptly, it can still effectively prevent safety incidents. The above provides a detailed introduction to the quick-connect device and construction machinery provided by the present disclosure. Specific embodiments have been used herein to explain the principles and implementations of the present disclosure. The explanation of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present disclosure. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications can also be made to the present disclosure without departing from its principle, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A quick-connect device for connecting an attachment (101) to a mounting base (104), the attachment (101) comprising a first attachment pin shaft (102) and a second attachment pin shaft (103) extending in a preset direction (x), wherein the quick-connect device comprises at least one of a first locking component (1) and a second locking component (2), wherein the first locking component (1) is configured to achieve locking of the first attachment pin shaft (102) and has a first locked state and a first unlocked state capable of being automatically switched; and the second locking component (2) is configured to achieve locking of the second attachment pin shaft (103), and has a second locked state and a second unlocked state capable of being automatically switched.

2. The quick-connect device according to claim 1, further comprising a first lock hook (11) and the first locking component (1), wherein a first end of the first lock hook (11) is rotatably connected to a first pin shaft (61) extending in the preset direction (x), and a second end of the first lock hook (11) is configured to engage with the first attachment pin shaft (102) in the first locked state, the first locking component (1) comprising:a locking hook (12), wherein a first end of the locking hook (12) is rotatably connected to a second pin shaft (62) extending in the preset direction (x), and a second end of the locking hook (12) is configured to engage with the first end of the first lock hook (11) in the first locked state; anda gravity block (13), a first end of which is rotatably connected to the second pin shaft (62), wherein the gravity block (13) is used to keep the locking hook (12) at a locked position when the quick-connect device rotates to within a first angle range, the locking hook (12) has a tendency to disengage from the first lock hook (11) under gravity within the first angle range, and a weight of the gravity block (13) is greater than that of the locking hook (12).

3. The quick-connect device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the first end of the locking hook (12) and the first end of the gravity block (13) is provided with a limiting portion (121), which is configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of a second end of the gravity block (13) in a direction away from the first pin shaft (61);optionally, the limiting portion (121) is disposed between the locking hook (12) and the gravity block (13), and the gravity block (13) and the limiting portion (121) are pressed against each other within the first angle range.

4. The quick-connect device according to claim 2, further comprising a first limit member (41), which is configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of a second end of the gravity block (13) in a direction towards the first pin shaft (61).

5. The quick-connect device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the locking hook (12) comprises a hook body (122) and a hook claw (123) connected to form an L-shaped structure, the hook body (122) being connected to the second pin shaft (62), and the hook claw (123) being configured to 30engage with the first lock hook (11), wherein:a position to which the locking hook (12) rotates, where the hook body (122) faces upward and the center of gravity of the locking hook (12) starts to deviate from an initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft (61), is a first critical position, and a position to which the locking hook (12) rotates, where the hook body (122) faces upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook (12) and the gravity block (13) starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft (61), is a second critical position, the first angle range being an angle range between the first critical position and the second critical position; and / orthe position to which the locking hook (12) rotates, where the hook body (122) faces upward and the equivalent center of gravity of the locking hook (12) and the gravity block (13) starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction away from the first pin shaft (61), is a second critical position, and a position to which the locking hook (12) rotates, where the hook body (122) faces downward and the center of gravity of the locking hook (12) starts to deviate from the initially balanced orientation in a direction towards the first pin shaft (61), is a third critical position, the angle range between the second critical position and the third critical position being a second angle range, wherein in the first unlocked state, the quick-connect device is within the second angle range, and in the first locked state, the quickconnect device is within an angle range rather than the second angle range.

6. The quick-connect device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a first linear drive component (51), a first end of which is connected to the first lock hook (11), wherein the first linear drive component (51) is configured to drive the first lock hook (11) to engage with or disengage from the first attachment pin shaft (102).

7. The quick-connect device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a second lock hook (21) and the second locking component (2), wherein the second locking component (2) is configured to lock the second attachment pin shaft (103) to the second lock hook (21), and the second locked state is independent of the states of the first locking component (1).

8. The quick-connect device according to claim 7, whereinthe first locking component (1) and the second locking component (2) are arranged side by side in the preset direction (x); and / orthe quick-connect device further comprises a housing (3) provided with a protruding portion (31) in an area close to the first attachment pin shaft (102), wherein the protruding portion (31) is disposed on a disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft (102) so as to prevent the first attachment pin shaft (102) from disengaging, and the disengaging movement trajectory of the first attachment pin shaft (102) is an arc with the second attachment pin shaft (103) as center.

9. The quick-connect device according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a housing (3), wherein the second locking component (2) comprises:a third pin shaft (63) extending in the preset direction (x);a locking block (22) rotatably connected to the third pin shaft (63), wherein in the second locked state, the locking block (22) is at a first position, where a first end of the locking block (22) abuts against the second attachment pin shaft (103) so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft (103) from disengaging from the second lock hook (21);a second limit member (42), configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the first end of the locking block in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft (102); anda first elastic member (23), connected between the locking block (22) and the housing (3), for applying an elastic force to the locking block (22) to cause the locking block (22) to rotate in a direction towards the second limit member (42).

10. The quick-connect device according to claim 9, further comprising the housing (3) and a fourth pin shaft (64) extending in the preset direction (x), wherein the housing (3) is provided with a slide channel (32), the fourth pin shaft (64) is movably connected to the housing (3) along the slide channel (32), the locking block (22) further comprises a lock slot (24), and the fourth pin shaft (64) is disposed in the lock slot (24) and abuts against an inner wall of the lock slot (24);wherein movement of the fourth pin shaft (64) is used to drive the locking block (22) to rotate about the third pin shaft (63), and in a case where the fourth pin shaft (64) moves along the slide channel (32) from an end close to the third pin shaft (63) to an end away from the third pin shaft (63) within the lock slot (24), the second locking component (2) is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state.

11. The quick-connect device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein in the second unlocked state, the locking block (22) rotates to a second position, where the first end of the locking block (22) is spaced apart from a disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft (103);optionally, the quick-connect device further comprises the housing (3), and the second locking component (2) further comprises:the first elastic member (23), connected between the locking block (22) and the housing (3), for applying an elastic force to the locking block (22) to cause the locking block (22) to rotate in a direction towards the second limit member (42), wherein the elastic force applied by the first elastic member (23) at the first position of the locking block (22) is less than that at the second position.

12. The quick-connect device according to claim 10, further comprising a first linear drive component (51) and a third limit member (43), wherein a first end of the first linear drive component (51) is connected to the first lock hook (11), a second end of the first linear drive component (51) is connected to the fourth pin shaft (64), and the third limit member (43) is configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook (11) in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft (102);wherein in a case where the first locking component (1) is in the first unlocked state and the first linear drive component (51) retracts to a preset length, the first lock hook (11) abuts against the third limitmember (43); and continued retraction of the first linear drive component (51) drives the fourth pin shaft (64) to move along the slide channel (32).

13. The quick-connect device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the second locking component (2), a first lock hook (11), a second lock hook (21), a housing (3), and a first linear drive component (51), wherein the housing (3) is provided with a slide channel (32), and the second locking component (2) comprises:a third pin shaft (63) extending in the preset direction (x);a locking block (22) rotatably connected to the third pin shaft (63), wherein the locking block (22) comprises a lock slot (24); and in the second locked state, the locking block (22) is at a first position, and a first end of the locking block (22) abuts against the second attachment pin shaft (103) so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft (103) from disengaging from the second lock hook (21); anda fourth pin shaft (64) extending in the preset direction (x), disposed in the lock slot (24) and abutting against an inner wall of the lock slot (24), and movably connected to the housing (3) along the slide channel (32), wherein at the first position, the fourth pin shaft (64) abuts against an end close to the third pin shaft (63) within the lock slot (24);wherein a first end of the first linear drive component (51) is connected to the fourth pin shaft (64), a second end of the first linear drive component (51) is connected to the first lock hook (11), and the first linear drive component (51) is configured to, by means of extension, cause the locking block (22) to rotate to and remain at the first position and cause the first lock hook (11) to engage with the first attachment pin shaft (102), thereby reaching the second locked state;optionally, the lock slot (24) is elongated circular, arc-shaped, or triangular.

14. The quick-connect device according to claim 13, wherein in the case where the fourth pin shaft (64) moves along the slide channel (32) from an end close to the third pin shaft (63) to an end away from the third pin shaft (63) within the lock slot (24), the locking block (22) is rotated from the first position to the second position, and the second locking component (2) is switched from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, wherein at the second position, the first end of the locking block (22) is spaced apart from a disengaging path of the second attachment pin shaft (103).

15. The quick-connect device according to claim 14, wherein in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, Fl*lc>F2*ld is satisfied,where Fl is a pressure exerted by the fourth pin shaft (64) on an inner side surface of the lock slot (24), 1c is a perpendicular distance from a center of the third pin shaft (63) to a straight line extending in the direction where F1 is located, F2 is a friction force between the fourth pin shaft (64) and the inner side surface of the lock slot (24), and Id is a distance between the center of the third pin shaft (63) and a point where the fourth pin shaft (64) applies forces to the inner side surface of the lock slot (24).

16. The quick-connect device according to claim 14 or 15, further comprising a third limit member(43) configured to limit an extreme position of rotation of the first lock hook (11) in a direction away from the first attachment pin shaft (102), wherein in the case where the first linear drive component (51) retracts to a preset length, the first lock hook (11) abuts against the third limit member (43); and continued retraction of the first linear drive component (51) drives the fourth pin shaft (64) to move along the slide channel (32) in a direction away from the third pin shaft (63), thereby rotating the locking block (22) from the first position to the second position; and / orthe second locking component (2) further comprises: a first elastic member (23), connected between the locking block (22) and the housing (3), for applying an elastic force to the locking block (22) to maintain the locking block (22) at the first position, wherein the elastic force applied by the first elastic member (23) at the first position of the locking block (22) is less than that at the second position.

17. The quick-connect device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, further comprising the first locking component (1) and a first pin shaft (61) extending in the preset direction (x), wherein a first end of the first lock hook (11) is rotatably connected to the first pin shaft (61), and a second end of the first lock hook (11) is connected to the second end of the first linear drive component (51), wherein the first locking component (1) comprises:a second elastic member (14) sleeved onto the first linear drive component (51) and having its two ends abutted against the first end and the second end of the first linear drive component (51) respectively, wherein in the first locked state, the second elastic member (14) is in a compressed state, so as to keep the first linear drive component (51) in the extended state.

18. The quick-connect device according to claim 17, whereinthe first end of the locking block (22) is provided with a recess (25), configured to abut against the second attachment pin shaft (103) when the first linear drive component (51) fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member (14) is insufficient, so as to prevent the second attachment pin shaft (103) from disengaging from the second lock hook (21); and / orthe first lock hook (11) includes an extension portion (111), which protrudes from the hook claw of the first lock hook (11) and is used to hold the first attachment pin shaft (102) when the first linear drive component (51) fails and the elastic force of the second elastic member (14) is insufficient, thereby to prevent the first attachment pin shaft (102) from disengaging from the first lock hook (11).

19. The quick-connect device according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein the quick-connect device further comprises a fourth limit member (44) configured to abut against the locking block (22) in the second locked state so as to keep the locking block (22) at the first position, wherein the fourth limit member (44) comprises:a sixth pin shaft (66) extending in the preset direction (x);a first section (441) rotatably connected to the sixth pin shaft (66), wherein an end of the first section (441) away from the sixth pin shaft (66) abuts against the locking block (22) in the second locked state;a second section (442) fixedly connected to the first section (441) and rotatably connected to thesixth pin shaft (66); anda third elastic member (443) configured to fix a position of at least one of the first section (441) and the second section (442) in the second locked state;wherein in the process of switching from the second locked state to the second unlocked state, the 5 first lock hook (11) comes into contact with an end of the second section (442) away from the sixth pin shaft (66) and causes the second section (442) to rotate about the sixth pin shaft (66), thereby rotating the first section (441) in a direction away from the third pin shaft (63).

20. A construction machinery, comprising a mounting base (104), an attachment (101), and the quickconnect device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the quick-connect device connects the 10 attachment (101) to the mounting base (104);optionally, the construction machinery is an excavator, wherein the attachment (101) comprises a bucket, the mounting base (104) comprises a stick (105) and a connecting arm (106), the bucket is connected to a first end of the stick (105) and a first end of the connecting arm (106) via the quick-connect device, and a second end of the connecting arm (106) is rotatably connected to the stick (105) via a swing 15 arm (107).

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