Buildings and methods for generating buildings

Abstract

A building, in particular a wall structure and / or a support structure, comprising a support portion and a covering portion for covering the support portion, the support portion being provided by a solid material piece and at least one string for packing at least a part of the solid material piece, the covering portion comprising at least one covering device, the string and the covering device being attached to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to buildings, and more particularly to wall structures and / or column structures. The present invention also relates to a covering device and a method for generating a building.

Background Art

[0002] The concrete industry is responsible for a large amount of CO2 emissions. Buildings such as walls for creating the framework of land or real estate are often constructed with a large amount of concrete. Specifically, concrete buildings such as concrete walls also require a strong foundation and cannot be constructed on ordinary soil ground. Therefore, the construction of concrete buildings is usually associated with high costs. In addition to this, the components of such buildings need to be reused, but cannot be directly reused. When natural stone is used, the value of the natural stone may be reduced after demolition because the natural stone is contaminated with concrete residues.

[0003] An alternative to conventional concrete buildings is the so-called "Jammed Architectural Structure". Such buildings can be made from stone fragments or crushed stones that are packed together integrally by pressure and a vibration or shaking process. The so-called jamming effect can be increased by using strings that can be released during the construction process through the stone structure.

[0004] However, the use of strings can only enhance the jamming effect to a limited extent, and still cannot prevent the unintended deterioration of such buildings. Single stone pieces or multiple stone pieces may break off or come loose from the building despite the use of strings. In addition to this, such "Jammed Architectural Structures" may be recognized as having a somewhat inferior aesthetic appearance, which may be further affected when strings are used to enhance the jamming effect.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a building structure such as a wall structure and / or support structure that has high mechanical properties and can be provided and disassembled with minimal effort. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a building structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In relation to buildings, the former objective is addressed in the subject matter of claim 1. Covering devices are the subject of claim 57, and the method according to the present invention is the subject of claim 62. Preferred embodiments are the subject of dependent claims and are described below.

[0007] The building according to the present invention may, in particular, be a wall structure and / or a column structure, but is not limited thereto. The building according to the present invention can generally relate to building structures of various types, forms, and sizes. Specifically, the building according to the present invention may be an enclosure for the garden of a property, such as a front yard and / or back yard.

[0008] The building according to the present invention comprises a support portion and a covering portion for covering the support portion, wherein the support portion is provided by solid material pieces and at least one string for packing at least a portion of the solid material pieces. According to the present invention, the covering portion comprises at least one covering device, and the string and the covering device are attached to each other.

[0009] The support portion itself can already provide a certain degree of mechanical stability due to the packing effect, and this packing effect can be particularly enhanced by the use of strings. Here, the appearance of the building can be improved by providing at least one covering device to the covering portion. The strings and / or solid material pieces of the support portion can be adequately covered by the covering portion, thus making them less visible or completely covered.

[0010] Simultaneously, providing a covering portion and attaching at least one covering device to the string can further improve the mechanical properties and durability of the building. A covering portion with at least one covering device further enhances the packing effect within the support structure, specifically preventing a single solid material piece from breaking off or detaching from the support portion. Thus, loose string portions hanging from the building can also be avoided. This reduces the risk of unintended deterioration or decomposition processes. Due to the attachment of the string with at least one covering device, the covering device can be properly held in place and can also provide holding support for at least some of the solid material pieces of the support structure.

[0011] According to the present invention, the term “cord” is not limited to woven fabrics, synthetic cords, or metal cords, but can refer to any kind of elongated, flexible attachment means. For example, within the scope of the present invention, “cord” can similarly refer to flexible cables, flexible chains, flexible belts, and / or flexible straps, synthetic fiber or carbon fiber cords, and so on.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the building can be a dry building, specifically a dry wall system or a dry column system. This can be made easier because the assembly or construction process does not require the steps of adding water and drying.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the structure may be configured to disassemble, or at least partially disassemble, by pulling a string on a support. Specifically, the structure may be configured to disassemble by reversing the assembly process. Thus, the quality and / or usefulness of a single structure component may be maintained even after disassembly. Furthermore, disassembly may be beneficial when cleaning the structure does not compensate for the aging effect, for example, when cleaning equipment cannot reach gaps or pores in solid material pieces or coating devices. Thus, disassembly can allow for individual cleaning of each component until the aging effect is adequately removed.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the support and / or covering portions can be positioned and / or assembled in soil and / or grassland. Furthermore, the support and / or covering portions may be configured to reconstruct themselves in the event of ground movement, such as movement due to frost and / or heavy rain. In the event of large displacements resulting in undesirable visual effects, each building segment may be dismantled and reconstructed.

[0015] Furthermore, the support and / or covering portions may be positioned and / or assembled, at least in the cross-sectional direction, preferably below the freezing line, within the soil subsoil and / or below the ground surface and / or within a hole in the soil subsoil. This allows the building to replace the foundation or base of the building structure, specifically in the event of large ground movement.

[0016] According to a further preferred embodiment, the support portion and / or covering portion may be configured for automatic and / or manual generation, assembly, and / or disassembly, as well as for generation, assembly, and / or disassembly by robotic equipment.

[0017] In a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion is arranged around the support portion and / or on multiple sides of the support portion. The covering portion can provide a mold for the support portion, specifically a mold for a composite of solid material pieces and strings of the support portion. This can further improve the mechanical properties, durability, and appearance of the structure. By providing the mold, the construction of the support structure can be further facilitated.

[0018] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one covering device may be made of a different material from at least a portion of the solid material pieces of the support structure and / or may have a different visual appearance. Therefore, the covering device may be selected in view of appearance criteria.

[0019] At least one coating device may have dimensions larger than the average solid material piece of the support structure. Therefore, at least one coating device may have an improved holding or molding function for the solid material piece of the support portion.

[0020] Furthermore, at least one coating device may have a rounded shape and / or be free of edges or sharp parts. Thus, the coating device may also be made from a material unsuitable for packing and / or have a shape unsuitable for packing.

[0021] In a further preferred embodiment, the solid material piece may be provided as crushed rock, angular rock, granular stone material, and / or broken stone. Such material may be inexpensive and highly durable. The solid material piece may also be provided as glass material, and / or glass gravel, and / or glass fragments. This may be beneficial for lighting purposes.

[0022] In a further preferred embodiment, the solid material pieces may be packed and / or pressed and / or compressed to increase the packing effect, thereby further improving the stability of the support portion.

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment, the string is preferably placed and / or loosely placed and / or tightened at least in the cross-sectional direction within and / or through the support portion and / or between the solid material pieces in order to increase the packing effect. This may further enhance the mechanical properties and durability of the support portion.

[0024] Furthermore, the strings can be arranged in a pattern that extends alternately between the central area of ​​the support and different covering devices. This can further enhance the strings' contribution to the packing effect within the support.

[0025] Preferably, the string is positioned in a nonlinear manner within and / or through the support portion, at least in the cross-sectional direction, and / or positioned in a curved manner at least in the cross-sectional direction, and / or bent or curved at least in the cross-sectional direction around the solid material piece. Similarly, the string may be flexible and / or pliable when not stretched, and / or may remain curved and / or bent at least in the cross-sectional direction when stretched, in order to provide and / or enhance the packing effect.

[0026] According to yet a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion may preferably comprise a plurality of covering devices arranged adjacent to each other and / or along the supporting portion and / or adjacent to the supporting portion. Thereby, a larger surface can be covered and / or a larger form for the supporting portion can be provided. The string can be attached to the plurality of covering devices, preferably on different sides of the supporting portion. The overall stability of the building can be further improved in this way.

[0027] According to yet a further preferred embodiment, at least one covering device may be made of and / or include stone and / or glass and / or metallic materials. These materials can provide an aesthetic appearance, but at the same time can enable a sufficient holding function for the supporting portion, specifically, a stable form for the supporting portion.

[0028] According to yet a further preferred embodiment, at least one covering device may comprise a visual side facing away from the supporting portion and / or a functional side facing the supporting portion, and the string is attached to the covering device on the functional side. Therefore, the functional side can clearly be designed for the attachment of the string, and the visual side can be designed or provided for an improved or high-quality appearance.

[0029] According to yet a further preferred embodiment, the solid material pieces can be compressed and / or pressed onto the covering portion and / or at least one covering device and / or can be held and / or restricted by at least one covering device. Thereby, the degree of compression and / or the stuffing effect can be further increased, and accordingly the string can be tightened. Therefore, the overall mechanical properties can be further improved.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion can allow displacement and / or movement of the solid material piece. This allows for the mechanically stable placement of a single solid material piece.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion and / or at least one covering device may be fixed and / or held by a support portion, preferably by compression and / or pressing and / or packing solid material pieces, and / or by strings, and / or by a composite made of solid material pieces and strings. This can achieve a mechanically stable arrangement of the covering portion and / or at least one covering device.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment, the attachment between the cord and at least one covering device is provided via a morphological fit and / or a non-reactive connection, and / or via an adhesive. Such an attachment can provide a high degree of reliability, thereby further improving the long-term stability of the building.

[0033] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one covering device may comprise at least one or more outer components and at least a mounting element and / or mounting portion for attachment to a string. The outer components may preferably have a viewing side facing away from the support portion and / or a functional side facing the support portion. The mounting element and / or mounting portion may be positioned on the functional side. Thus, the mounting element and / or mounting portion may not be visible from the outside, or may be covered by the outer components of the covering device. This may further improve the appearance of the building.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment, the mounting element and / or mounting portion may be configured as a hook to which the cord is attached and / or hooked, and / or as a small hole, and / or as a notch. Such mounting elements and / or mounting portions require little cost and can provide a secure and long-lasting attachment. Furthermore, the attachment between the cord and such mounting elements and / or mounting portions can be established with minimal effort.

[0035] More preferably, the mounting element and / or mounting portion may be configured as a screw and / or include a screw, which is preferably a concrete screw. Such screws can be provided at minimal cost.

[0036] Furthermore, the screws can be screwed into the outer components, and / or screwed into the outer components without the need for dowel or screw anchoring. This can be achieved with minimal effort.

[0037] The screw may comprise a shaft and a screw head attached to the shaft. The shaft may have a projection located at a certain distance from the screw head in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, specifically a radial projection, and the shaft, and / or the projection, and / or the screw head may provide a gripping portion for a robot and / or gripping device. This enables an facilitated handling operation.

[0038] More preferably, the screw head and / or projection may be provided with an insertion chamfer and / or a rounded surface, and / or the insertion chamfers and / or rounded surfaces of the projection and screw head may face each other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft. The insertion chamfer and / or rounded surface may be provided for accurate and / or easy gripping and alignment of the coated device by a robot or gripping device. This can reduce the risk of material crushing or large material stress during automated gripping procedures.

[0039] Furthermore, the mounting element and / or mounting portion may include a disc for engagement with a string. The disc may have a plurality of teeth arranged around its outer periphery, the teeth may be configured for engagement with the string, and / or locking, and / or capturing engagement.

[0040] The disc may preferably be positioned on the screw shaft at a certain distance from the outer component and / or between the outer component and the screw head and / or between the outer component and the projection. Thus, the string can slide into the gap between the outer component and the disc and, when pulled for the stuffing procedure, can engage with the teeth of the disc with a sufficiently large probability.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment, at least two surface components may be integrally mounted via interconnections, which preferably provide mounting elements and / or mounting portions to which the string is attached and / or hooked. The overall effort for generating the structure and / or providing the attachment between the string and the covering device can be reduced in this manner.

[0042] It is found to be even more beneficial when at least one covering device comprises a specific device, preferably located on the mounting element and / or mounting portion. Such a specific device may preferably be configured as a flat platform and / or may be configured for detection by sensors or for detection visible to humans and / or may consist of a position marker and / or an orientation marker, and / or a data code or data device ID. This enables easy identification and also the ability to track a single covering device. This can facilitate the construction of buildings, for example, to ensure the precise location of a single covering device and also to ensure the replacement of a single covering device.

[0043] Preferably, at least one covering device may include a shielding portion and / or shielding element positioned on the functional side facing the support portion. The shielding portion and / or shielding element may be configured to maintain a distance between the solid material piece of the support portion and the outer component of the covering device. Thus, a free space may be provided between the support portion and the outer component of the covering device.

[0044] Shielding elements and / or shielding portions can be positioned and / or secured to mounting elements and / or mounting portions of the covering device. Such positioning or securing of elements and / or shielding portions can also be reliably provided with minimal effort.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one light-emitting element, preferably a plurality of light-emitting elements and / or a light-emitting chain, may be arranged in the free space between the support portion and the visible outer surface of the covering portion, preferably in the free space between the shielding portion or shielding element and the outer components of the covering device. Thereafter, the building may be further improved in terms of its aesthetic appearance and may provide lighting functions for the perimeter of the building, for example, for pathways or walkways along the building.

[0046] Preferably, multiple light-emitting elements may be configured to exhibit a light pattern. Such a light pattern may be configured for continuous and / or periodic changes, which can further enhance the appearance or illumination function.

[0047] Furthermore, multiple coating devices may be arranged in a pattern, preferably in a predetermined pattern, and / or a visual pattern, and / or a color pattern, and / or a design pattern, and / or in a pattern of different stone types with different aging and / or weathering properties, and / or in a pattern with different transparency and / or light transmission. This further increases the possibility of achieving different design and appearance effects.

[0048] In a further preferred embodiment, two adjacent covering devices may be positioned at a certain distance from each other, and / or a gap may be provided between the two adjacent covering devices. Thus, the space between the two adjacent covering devices, and / or the space between the outer components of the covering devices and the shielding components or shielding portions, can be visible from the outside, which can be aesthetically pleasing, for example, when plants are placed inside a building. In addition, light can shine through such a gap between the two adjacent covering devices.

[0049] In a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion may comprise a plurality of covering devices, at least some of which may be configured and / or positioned to overlap at least one of the lower covering devices. The center of gravity of the overlapping covering device may be positioned to hold the overlapping covering device in place, preferably without connection to a string. This facilitates the positioning of the overlapping covering device before attachment to a string. The overlapping configuration allows for the overall design of more complex shapes of buildings, thereby improving the functionality of the building.

[0050] In a further preferred embodiment, multiple segments of the support and / or covering portion may be provided, the segments may be provided independently of each other and / or configured for independent disassembly. This may allow for the renewal and / or replacement of selected parts of the building and the maintenance of different parts, thereby reducing the effort required for long-term maintenance.

[0051] In a further preferred embodiment, the support portion and / or covering portion may be provided with biodegradable material, which is preferably an organic material, for the development of holes, passages, cavities, and / or animal habitats. This allows the structure to be well integrated into the natural environment and may have a positive effect on the surrounding natural environment.

[0052] In a further preferred embodiment, the support portion and / or covering portion may enclose and / or include at least one functional object, preferably a pipe, pipe segment, cable, rigid structure, and / or steel rod, which can further improve the functionality and / or stability of the building. For example, pipes or cables can enable electrical or water installations in or near the building. Steel rods can improve mechanical properties.

[0053] Furthermore, the support and / or covering portions may enclose the structures that are connected and / or established and / or embedded in the ground or soil. The ropes may be connected to the structures that are connected and / or established and / or embedded in the ground or soil. The overall mechanical properties may be further enhanced. Specifically, the structure may be fixed against unintended tilting relative to the ground or soil.

[0054] In a further preferred embodiment, the support portion and / or covering portion may preferably include printed structures such as 3D printed structures and / or watertight printed structures and / or printed water storage sections for plants and / or electrical devices. This may advantageously extend the functionality of the building, specifically in view of environmental improvement or electrical applications. In general, the support portion and / or covering portion may preferably include watertight sections for the arrangement or positioning of plants and / or electrical devices.

[0055] In a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion may be provided with a metal flange, preferably a metal flange attached to the support portion and / or a metal flange attached to the support portion after its construction. Such a metal flange may be attached by at least one hook inserted into the support portion. Such a metal flange may or may not be attached to a string. In the area of ​​such a metal flange, the support portion can be constructed closer to the outer surface of the entire building.

[0056] In a further preferred embodiment, the covering portion may include an upper covering portion that covers at least the support portion from above and / or is positioned above the vertically extending side covering portion of the covering portion. The upper covering portion may be a 3D printed structure and / or may be printed as a female mold for the upper surface of the support structure and / or the upper surface of the side covering portion. This may further improve the stability of the building and reduce the weathering effect.

[0057] In a further preferred embodiment, the upper covering portion may be configured to secure and / or receive the covering device of the solid material piece of the support portion and / or the vertically extending side covering portion of the covering portion. The upper covering portion may have recesses that match the upper surface of the support portion and / or the upper surface of the vertical side covering portion. The upper covering portion may preferably be configured as a flat platform for the installation of a roof and / or a light source or illumination.

[0058] In a further preferred embodiment, the upper covering portion may be transparent, translucent, and / or made of glass material, and / or made of frosted glass material. A light source or illumination may be placed on the upper covering portion to illuminate the support portion. Thus, the appearance of the building may be improved because reflected light can shine from the support portion.

[0059] In a further preferred embodiment, the mirror may be placed on the support portion and / or on the upper covering portion and / or on the light source or illumination, preferably to reflect light to the support portion. Furthermore, the mirror may preferably have an overlay portion and / or be wider than the combined thickness of the support portion and the covering portion, in order to reflect light to the support portion along an internal optical path and / or to reflect light from the outside to the covering portion, particularly along an optical path extending at least in the cross-sectional direction outside the covering portion. The overall brightening effect can be further improved with this method.

[0060] In a further preferred embodiment, a light source or illumination source may be mounted on a column attached to the ground or soil, and / or on a column embedded in the ground or soil, and / or wires for the light source or illumination source may be connected to the column, and / or a mirror that reflects light may be attached to the column at least through screw holes in the column. Thus, such a column can not only improve the overall stability of the building but also provide a mounting function for specific components of the building.

[0061] In a further preferred embodiment, the support portion and / or covering portion may surround the fence, preferably a fence comprising a double rod mat that is attached by fastening elements to solid piles placed in the respective soil or ground. Such fences are commonly known and can therefore be surrounded by the support portion and / or covering portion with minimal effort.

[0062] In a further preferred embodiment, vertically extending support elements are attached to a double rod mat. The support elements may be configured to support a solid material piece of the support portion and to transfer the weight load of the support portion to the double rod mat of the fence. This allows a specific load distribution to be achieved inside the building.

[0063] In a further preferred embodiment, a vertically extending support element is provided by a weather-resistant upper portion and a soluble or degradable lower portion, the soluble or degradable lower portion being configured for the development of a cavity below the support element for an improved weight load transmitted to a double rod mat. This allows the support portion to be reduced from large loads, and at least a certain degree of load can be transmitted to the ground or the respective soil via the different portions.

[0064] Furthermore, the double rod mat of the fence may be attached to the upper covering portion to transmit the weight load to the covering portion via the upper covering portion, specifically to the side portions of the covering portion.

[0065] Furthermore, the support and / or covering portions may include basaltic material and / or dunite or olivine material. Such materials can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and thus may have positive environmental effects.

[0066] Furthermore, multiple solid material pieces of the support portion and / or the covering device of the covering portion may be made from basalt and / or dunite or olivine material, and / or covered with basalt material and / or dunite or olivine material, and / or exposed to air, and / or the basalt material and / or dunite or olivine material may be exposed to weathering and / or be configured to weather and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

[0067] Furthermore, at least a portion of the solid material piece and / or the coating device of the coating portion may be covered with powder of basalt and / or dunite or olivine material, and / or fine particles of basalt and / or dunite or olivine material may be exposed to the atmosphere to enhance weathering.

[0068] Furthermore, basalt powder and / or dunite or olivine powder may have particle sizes greater than 5 micrometers, greater than 10 micrometers, greater than 15 micrometers, greater than 17.5 micrometers, or greater than 20 micrometers, and / or less than 50 micrometers, less than 40 micrometers, less than 30 micrometers, less than 25 micrometers, or less than 22.5 micrometers, and more preferably have particle sizes of 20 micrometers or about 20 micrometers. Dimensions may refer to the average dimensions of the powder material.

[0069] In a further embodiment, basalt powder and / or dunite or olivine material can be attached to a coating device of a solid material piece and / or coating portion by a slurry and / or gel and / or adhesive material.

[0070] Furthermore, the slurry, and / or gel, and / or adhesive material may be configured to be permeable to air and / or soluble, preferably within a timeframe of 6 to 18 months, preferably within a timeframe of about 12 months.

[0071] In a further preferred embodiment, the material of basalt powder or dunite or olivine powder is formed into particles with dimensions of at least 0.5 mm, preferably greater than 1 mm, greater than 3 mm, greater than 5 mm, and / or less than 10 mm, and these particles may be placed within the support portion and / or covering portion.

[0072] It may be even more beneficial if the support portion and / or the covering portion and / or the upper covering portion comprises at least one tube, filling opening and / or tank for filling with rock particles, which are preferably crushed rock particles, and / or slurry, and / or gel, and / or adhesive material, more preferably rock particles from basalt, and / or dunite, and / or olivine.

[0073] Furthermore, at least one tube, filling opening, and / or tank may be configured to fill the support portion and / or the covering portion and / or the upper portion of the upper covering portion with rock particles, and / or distribute the rock particles throughout the support portion and / or the covering portion by a flow of liquid, preferably water.

[0074] It may also be beneficial if the support portion and / or covering portion have filtration and / or removal openings in the lower portion of the support portion and / or covering portion for filtering and / or removing rock particles, specifically weathered rock particles, specifically for removing weathered rock particles from the wastewater.

[0075] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one sensor may be provided, preferably located within the support portion and / or the covering portion, wherein the sensor is configured to detect the weathering state of rock particles.

[0076] Therefore, crushed rock particles containing basalt and / or dunite or olivine can be inserted into the support and / or covering sections on the upper side of the building and then distributed throughout the support and / or covering sections by a water flow from above. The particles can fill the spaces within the covering section without obstructing fresh air from passing through.

[0077] For example, during a specific period of time, such as one or three years, the particles begin to dissolve, allowing the basalt, dunite, olivine, or other material to weather, and all residue can be washed away through the covering. After the aforementioned period, the particles are removed by being collected in the lower part of the building by applying filters that remove these particles from the wastewater.

[0078] In a preferred solution, particle dissolution can be achieved or enhanced through the application of charcoal. Charcoal and rock powder can be mixed, for example, in a 1:1 ratio, and then compressed under pressure and heat into the final particle form. Such particles can then be placed within the support and / or covering portions.

[0079] In another preferred solution, the dissolution of the particles can be achieved and / or maintained at the desired rate through the application of wood pellets. Rock powder may be added to the wood during pellet production. The natural lining within the wood can bond the pellets together and prevent rapid dissolution. The benefit of applying charcoal or wood to the interior of the particles is that both can become natural sources of carbon dioxide during their own weathering process. Thus, the rock powder can be surrounded by a natural source of carbon dioxide emissions.

[0080] In a further preferred embodiment, the support portion may be made from charcoal as a solid material piece and from metal wire as a string, at least in the cross-sectional direction. Furthermore, the support portion and / or the covering portion may be configured as a chimney, at least in the cross-sectional direction. Thus, the structure may be used for the purpose of outdoor heating and / or for the purpose of decoration at outdoor events. Furthermore, the covering device may be configured as a door, preferably as a fire door, and / or positioned at a certain distance from the charcoal piece. Such a door may be opened to allow a clearer view of the fire or the glowing charcoal piece and / or to carry out the adjustment of the burning charcoal piece.

[0081] In a further preferred embodiment, an intermediate layer is positioned between the support portion and the covering portion, and is preferably a stone intermediate layer. The intermediate layer may be provided by a stone or other solid material piece with dimensions greater than the gap between the two adjacent covering devices. The stone or material piece of the intermediate layer may have a rounded and / or curved shape. The stone or material piece of the intermediate layer may be visible through the gap between the two adjacent covering devices. Such an intermediate layer may be repositioned for aesthetic or appearance reasons. An observer from the outside can see the covering portion through it, and can also see the intermediate layer between the covering portion and the support portion. Thus, two different types of material layers can be recognized.

[0082] Further aspects of the present invention relate to a building comprising solid material pieces and strings for packing the solid material pieces, wherein at least a portion of the solid material pieces is made of basalt and / or is covered at least in the cross-sectional direction with basalt material, and / or dunite material, and / or olivine material, and more specifically to wall structures and / or column structures.

[0083] Further aspects of the present invention relate to a building, specifically such as a wall structure and / or a support structure, comprising a support portion and a covering portion for covering the support portion, wherein the support portion is provided by solid material pieces and at least one string for packing at least a portion of the solid material pieces, the covering portion comprises at least one covering device, the string and the covering device being attached to each other, and the support portion and / or the covering portion comprises basalt material, and / or dunite material, and / or olivine material.

[0084] A further aspect of the present invention relates to a method for making a building as described above usable, comprising the step of applying basalt material, and / or dunite material, and / or olivine material, to a solid material piece and / or a coating device of a coating portion at a high frequency and / or periodic rate.

[0085] Further aspects of the present invention relate to a covering device for a building as described above, preferably comprising at least one or more outer components and at least a mounting element and / or mounting portion for attachment to a string, wherein the mounting element and / or mounting portion is configured as a screw screwed into the outer component, and / or comprises such a screw, preferably a concrete screw, and the mounting element and / or mounting portion comprises a disc for engagement by the string, the disc comprising a plurality of teeth arranged on the shaft of the screw and arranged around the outer periphery of the disc, the teeth configured for engagement with the string, and / or locking, and / or capturing engagement.

[0086] The details and / or benefits previously described in relation to buildings also apply to the covering devices for buildings described previously.

[0087] Further aspects of the present invention relate to a method for producing a building, preferably a building as described above. The method may include the steps of: providing a covering portion with at least one covering device; providing a support portion by arranging a composite of a solid material piece and at least one string adjacent to the at least one covering device; and attaching the string to the at least one covering device.

[0088] As mentioned above in relation to buildings, the support portion itself can provide a certain degree of mechanical stability through the packing effect, and the packing effect can be enhanced by the use of strings. Providing at least one covering device to the covering portion can improve the appearance of the building. The strings and / or solid material pieces of the support portion can be adequately covered by the covering portion, thus making them less visible or completely covered. Furthermore, providing the covering portion and attaching at least one covering device to the strings can further improve the mechanical properties and durability of the building. The covering portion with at least one covering device further enhances the packing effect within the support structure, specifically preventing a single solid material piece from breaking off or detaching from the support portion. Thus, loose string portions hanging from the building can be avoided. The risk of unintended deterioration or disintegration processes can be reduced. Due to the attachment of the strings with at least one covering device, the covering device can be adequately held in place and can also provide holding support for at least some of the solid material pieces of the support structure.

[0089] According to a preferred embodiment, at least two covering portions and / or at least two covering devices are arranged opposite each other. A support portion may be positioned between at least two opposite covering portions and / or between at least two covering devices.

[0090] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one covering portion may provide a mold for a support portion and / or a mold for a composite of a solid material piece and at least one string.

[0091] Preferably, solid material pieces can be packed in by stringing and / or by pressing and / or compacting. This can further enhance the overall stability of the support structure.

[0092] According to a more preferred embodiment of the method, the string may be placed, and / or loosely placed, and / or tightened, at least in the cross-sectional direction, within and / or through the support portion and / or between the solid material pieces, preferably to increase the packing effect.

[0093] According to a more preferred embodiment of the method, the strings are arranged in a pattern that extends alternately between the central area of ​​the support portion and the different covering devices. Thus, the packing effect can be further enhanced, and specifically, the appropriate molding or retention function provided by the covering portion can be ensured.

[0094] The details and / or benefits previously described in relation to buildings and covering devices also apply to the methods for producing the buildings described previously.

[0095] The features and advantages of various embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the figures. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0096] [Figure 1] This is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a side view of a coating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of a building according to a further embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of a building according to a further embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a building according to a further embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a building according to a further embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the side. [Figure 7] This is a schematic flowchart of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a schematic perspective view of a disc of a coating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] This is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a building according to a further embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the side. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0097] Figure 1 shows a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of a building 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the building 10 may be a wall, or a column, or any other type of building structure.

[0098] The building 10 comprises a support portion 12 and a covering portion 14 for covering the support portion 12. The support portion 12 may be provided by solid material pieces 16 and at least one string 18 for packing at least a portion of the solid material pieces 16. The covering portion 14 comprises at least one covering device 20, preferably a plurality of covering devices 20. The string 18 and the covering devices 20 are attached to each other, which will be described in more detail later.

[0099] The covering portion 14 is positioned around the support portion 12 on multiple sides of the support portion 12. Specifically, the covering portion is positioned around the support portion 12 on vertically extending sides. The covering portion 14 can provide a mold for the support portion 12, specifically a mold for the composite of the solid material piece 16 and string 18 of the support portion 12.

[0100] It can be seen from Figure 1 that the covering device 20 is larger than the solid material piece 16 and may be made of a different material and / or have a different visual appearance from at least a portion of the solid material piece 16 of the support structure 12. Specifically, the solid material piece 16 may be provided as crushed rock, angular rock, granular stone material and / or broken stone. The solid material piece 16 may also be made from, and / or contain, glass material and / or glass gravel and / or glass fragments. The solid material piece 16 may preferably be packed and / or pressed and / or compressed to increase the packing effect.

[0101] As can be further understood from Figure 1, the strings 18 may be placed, and / or loosely placed, and / or tightened, at least in the cross-sectional direction, within and / or through the support portion 12, and / or between the solid material pieces 16, preferably to increase the packing effect. The strings 18 may be arranged in an alternating pattern between the central area 22 of the support portion 12 and the different covering devices 20.

[0102] The solid material piece 16 of the support portion 12 can be compressed and / or pressed against the covering portion 14 and / or the covering device 20, and / or held and / or restricted by the covering device 20. At the same time, the covering portion 14 can allow displacement and / or movement of the solid material piece 16. Furthermore, the covering portion 14 and / or the covering device 20 can be fixed and / or held by the support portion 12, preferably by the compressed and / or pressed and / or packed solid material piece 16, and / or by the string 18, specifically by a composite made of the solid material piece 16 and the string 18.

[0103] The covering device 20 may be made from and / or from stone, and / or glass, and / or metal materials. As can be understood in more detail from Figure 2, at least one covering device 20 may have a viewing side 24 facing away from the support portion 12 and a further functional side 26 facing the support portion 12. The string 18 is attached to the covering device 20 at the functional side 26.

[0104] The attachment between the cord 18 and at least one covering device 20 may be provided via a morphological fit and / or a non-reliable coupling, and / or via adhesive. In the example of Figure 2, the covering device 20 comprises at least one outer component 28 and a mounting element 30 for attachment to the cord 18. The mounting element 30 may be provided on the functional side 26, while the viewing side 24 faces away from the mounting element 30. The mounting element 30 may consist of a hook and / or a hole and / or a notch to which the cord 18 is attached and / or hooked.

[0105] As shown in Figure 2, the outer element 28 is positioned at substantially the same height as the mounting element 30. However, it is also possible for the outer element 28 to be positioned below the mounting element 30, or for the mounting height to be positioned at least slightly above the outer element 28, or for the mounting height to be positioned above the outer element 28 in the cross-sectional direction. Such arrangements can facilitate drainage of the building. Thus, the covering devices 20 can be arranged on top of each other in a scale-like manner. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the building can provide a bucket for plants.

[0106] In the embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4, at least one of the covering devices 20 comprises two or three outer components 28 that are integrally attached via interconnecting portions 32. The interconnecting portions may preferably provide attachment elements 30 to which the string 18 is attached and / or hooked. Thus, the covering device 20 may comprise several outer components 28 and interconnecting portions 32 between the outer components 28 and the attachment elements 30. Such a covering device 20 may be specifically positioned at an edge or form the edge or corner of a building.

[0107] In the case of a covering device 20 for a corner or edge, it comprises several outer components 28, the outer components 28 of which may be reduced in weight and / or dimensions by, for example, cutting, and / or by more than 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of their weight or dimensions. In this way, a covering device 20 with several outer components 28 may have the same weight as a covering device 20 with only one outer component 28.

[0108] As can be further understood from Figure 2, at least one covering device 20 may comprise a specific device 34 preferably located on a mounting element 30. The specific device 34 may preferably be configured as a flat platform and / or for detection by a sensor or for detection visible to a person and / or comprise a position marker and / or an orientation marker and / or a data code or data device ID.

[0109] Furthermore, at least one covering device 20 may include a shielding element 36 positioned on the functional side 26 facing the support portion 12. The shielding element 36 may be configured to maintain a distance between the solid material piece 16 of the support portion 12 and the outer component 28 of the covering device 20. The shielding element 36 may be positioned and / or fixed to the mounting element 30 of the covering device 20.

[0110] At least one light-emitting element 38, preferably multiple light-emitting elements 38 and / or a light-emitting chain, may be arranged in the free space between the support portion 12 and the viewing side 24 of the covering portion 14, and preferably in the free space between the shielding element 36 and the outer component 28 of the covering device 20. Two adjacent covering devices 20 may be arranged at a certain distance from each other, and / or a gap may be provided between the two adjacent covering devices so that light from the light-emitting elements 38 can shine through the gap.

[0111] Referring here to the embodiment in Figure 5, the covering portion 14 may further comprise a metal flange 40, preferably a metal flange 40 attached to the support portion 12, and / or a metal flange 40 attached to the support portion 12 after its construction. The metal flange may be attached by at least one hook 42 inserted into the support portion 12.

[0112] It can be further understood from Figure 5 that the building 10 may be equipped with a sink 44. A piece of solid material 16 that breaks and / or detaches from the support structure may fall into the sink 44 through the gap between two adjacent covering devices 20. The piece of solid material 16 may remain in the sink 44 for decorative purposes.

[0113] According to the embodiment in Figure 6, the covering portion 14 may include an upper covering portion 46 that covers at least the support portion 12 from above and / or is positioned above the vertically extending side covering portion 48 of the covering portion 14. The upper covering portion 46 may be a 3D printed structure and / or may be printed as a mold for the upper surface of the support structure 12 and / or the upper surface of the side covering portion 48. The upper covering portion 46 may preferably be configured as a flat platform for the installation of a roof and / or light source 50. The upper covering portion 46 may be transparent, translucent, and / or may be made of glass material and / or frosted glass material.

[0114] As can be seen in Figure 6, the light source 50 is installed on the upper covering portion 46 to illuminate the support portion 12. The light path 52 passes from the light source 50 to the support portion and can pass through the covering portion 14, specifically through the side covering portion 48, to the outside of the building 10.

[0115] The mirror 54 may be placed on the support portion 12 and / or on the upper covering portion 46 and / or on the light source 50, preferably to reflect light to the support portion 12. The mirror 54 may preferably have an overlay portion 56 to reflect light to the support portion 12 along the internal optical path 52 and / or to reflect light to the covering portion 14 from the outside, particularly along an optical path 58 extending at least in the cross-sectional direction outside the covering portion 14.

[0116] Figure 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the first step 100, according to Figure 7, the model of the building may be divided into horizontal layers, for example, 10 mm in height or thickness. If the layers of the building 10 are larger than the range of robotic kinematics, such as a human arm or potential, they may also be divided into vertical segments. The layer segments are marked in the intended layer area to be constructed, as shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4. The intended layers may be mapped to the actual form of the land, or soil, or ground.

[0117] According to step 200 in Figure 7, the morphology of the inner area of ​​the intended layer area, i.e., the area for the support portion 12, can be scanned. The morphology may be suitable if the outer area of ​​the intended layer area, i.e., the area for the covering portion 14, is higher than the inner area everywhere. Thus, the inner area has a surrounding shape. If not, areas with lower outer areas are identified, and covering devices 20, such as large surface stones weighing, for example, 1.5 kg to 1.8 kg, may be loosely placed in these areas by step 300. In a preferred solution, the covering devices 20 may be defined by Figure 2.

[0118] In step 400 shown in Figure 7, the string 18 may be placed. The pattern of placement of the string 18 may be random. Process step 400 may be completed when all the covering devices 20 are connected to the string 18 of their layer. To connect the string 18 to the covering devices 20, the string 18 may first be placed in the central area 22 of the intended area. Next, the string 18 is advanced toward the covering devices 20 in some random pattern, taking detours. Then the string is connected to the covering devices 20.

[0119] In a preferred solution, each string 18 may be hooked onto an attachment element 30 shown in Figure 2 and then placed to return randomly to the central region 22. This is repeated for the next covering device 20. In a preferred solution, the next covering device 20 may be any other covering device 20, but not one directly adjacent to one previously connected. After all covering devices 20 have been connected to the string 18, the string 18 is placed in the central region 22. Preferably, the string 18 is not cut and is held in a waiting position above the intended layer.

[0120] According to step 500, a layer of solid material pieces 16 is placed above the string 18. In a preferred solution, the edges and stones with dimensions of 6 mm to 12 mm are filled until approximately 50% to 90%, preferably 80%, of the string 18 is covered. Preferably, the solid material pieces 16 are placed behind all covering devices 20 without pressing the string 18 straight downward. Instead, the string 18 extends so as to be oriented toward the central region 22.

[0121] According to step 600, the composite of the string 18 and the solid material piece 16 is pressed down in order to reduce its combined dimensions and so that the string 18 is tightly held by the solid material piece. This pressing also increases the packing effect. The striking surface of a suitable pressing tool may preferably be flat, and the pressing force may be applied simultaneously to the entire area being pressed.

[0122] The applied pressing force may displace a portion of the coating device 20. According to step 700, such coating devices 20 can be repositioned by pushing them back to their designated positions.

[0123] In step 800, it is checked whether the last layer has been generated. If not, the procedure is repeated for the next intended layer. If the last layer has been generated, the process is completed in step 900.

[0124] In a preferred embodiment, step 400 is extended by further substeps. Before the ropes 18 are laid, a chain of light may be laid along the functional side 26 of the covering device 20, with reference to Figure 2. Another substep allows different ropes 18 to be applied at different locations in the area. If the area is to be exposed to the heat of fire, each rope 18 should be designed as iron wire or other durable material. If the user wants the segments of the building 10 to decompose naturally, a decomposable rope should be applied as the ropes 18. If a sustainable building 10 is required by the user, a recycled rope of a long-lasting material should be applied as the ropes 18. Also possible are ropes 18 made from carbon fiber and recycled rope. If an environmentally friendly building 10 is intended to attract diverse animals and / or plants, natural rope is useful as the ropes 18.

[0125] In a preferred solution, the covering devices 20 are sorted according to different parameters such as morphology. The morphologies of adjacent covering devices 20 may be fitted together to minimize the gaps between them. However, gaps may be applied as a design feature. For example, when illuminated, gaps can become a major design element. To control the morphology of the gaps, it may be necessary to select the correct covering device 20 from a sorted and / or digitized layout of covering devices 20. Since the covering devices 20 can form a grid of gaps, almost any shape can be illuminated when the correct light is applied.

[0126] It is preferable to apply a covering device 20 with a certain degree of transparency or light transmission, thereby allowing the covering device 20 to be illuminated. In this case, the covering devices need to be sorted according to their transparency or light transmission and luminescence. The center of mass of the covering device 20 may be another sorting criterion. Since the covering device 20 is placed loosely on top of the covering device 20, there is a risk of it falling. Spherical stones may have the highest risk of falling, flat stones less so, and long, flat stones much less so. Therefore, if it is intended to construct a wall structure with overhanging wall segments, long, flat stones should be selected for these segments. Thus, each layer slightly overhangs the layer below, and the surface stones may still be placed loosely before being connected to the string 18.

[0127] The packing effect can provide stability against pressure from above, but not so much against forces applied from the sides. To secure the building 10 against forces from the sides, it may be possible to incorporate rigid and / or fixing elements, not shown herein, into the building 10. These may be existing elements from an old wall or fence, or piles or columns tied to and / or embedded in the ground or soil. In a preferred solution, such rigid and / or fixing elements may be provided with a connection area for ropes 18, such as hooks. The rigid and / or fixing elements may then be surrounded by support parts 12 during the construction process. The ropes 18 may be placed around the rigid or fixing elements from all sides and connected to and thus secured to the rigid or fixing elements. To ensure that the packing effect of the composite is not impaired by the rigid or fixing elements, the elements should be surrounded in all places by a composite of support parts 12 with a thickness of at least 10 solid material pieces or stones of the composite.

[0128] In a preferred solution, a segment of the building can be used as a fireplace. A typical drawback of fireplaces is that the solid combustion material is placed primarily horizontally. However, the user sits beside the fireplace, and therefore the largest surface area of ​​the combustion material is not provided to the user. This may not be a major issue during the burning phase with large flames, but it becomes relevant during the prolonged red-hot phase of the combustion material. To provide the red-hot material vertically to the user and to direct most of the heat radiation directly to the user, it is necessary to fix the combustion material vertically. To achieve this, the material of the support composite can be provided not from stone, but from charcoal and iron wire as string. Through this, the charcoal pieces can be fixed vertically. In a preferred solution, an iron frame, which may have a door and a heat-resistant window, may be fitted in front of the charcoal. The glass may be 20 mm away from the charcoal. Through this, smoke can escape through the space between the charcoal and the glass by an upward chimney effect, and the glass becomes hot enough for the smoke residue to melt and disappear.

[0129] Figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a covering device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The covering device 20 shown in Figure 8 comprises an outer component 28 and a mounting element 60 for attachment to a string 18. The mounting element 60 is configured as a screw 62 and / or comprises a screw 62, the screw preferably configured as a concrete screw. The screw 62 can preferably be screwed into the outer component 28 without dowel or screw anchoring.

[0130] The screw 62 may comprise a shaft 64 and a screw head 66 attached to the shaft 64. The shaft 64 may have a projection 68 positioned at a certain distance from the screw head 66 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 64, specifically a radial projection, and the shaft 64, and / or the projection 68, and / or the screw head 66 may provide a gripping portion for a robot and / or gripping device.

[0131] An insertion chamfer 70 may be provided on the screw head 66, and / or an insertion chamfer 72 may be provided on the projection 68, with the insertion chamfers 70 and 72 facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 64. The insertion chamfers 70 and 72 may be provided for accurate and / or easy gripping and alignment of the covering device 20 by a robot or gripping device.

[0132] Furthermore, the mounting element 60 may include a disc 74 for engagement by the string 18. Figure 9 shows a schematic perspective view of the disc 74.

[0133] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the disc 74 is provided with a plurality of teeth 76 arranged around the outer periphery of the disc 74, the teeth 76 configured for engagement with and / or locking and / or capturing the string 18. A recess 77 is provided between two adjacent teeth 76. In the case of engagement of the string 18 with the teeth, the string may be placed in one of the recesses 77.

[0134] The disc 74 may preferably be positioned on the shaft 64 of the screw 62 at a certain distance from the outer component 28, and / or between the outer component 28 and the screw head 66, and / or between the outer component 28 and the projection 68. Thus, the string 18 can slide into the gap between the outer component 28 and the disc 74, and when pulled for a packing or compression procedure, it can engage with the teeth 76 of the disc 74 with a sufficiently large probability.

[0135] Figure 10 shows a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a building 10 viewed from the side according to a further embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 10, the support portion 12 and the covering portion 14 surround the fence 78, which preferably comprises a double rod mat 80 that is attached by fastening elements to solid piles (not shown in detail here) placed in the respective soil or ground. A horizontally extending support element 82 is attached to the double rod mat 80. The support element 82 may be configured to support the solid material piece 16 of the support portion 12 and to transfer the weight load of the support portion 12 to the double rod mat 80 of the fence 78.

[0136] The horizontally extending support element 82 may be provided by a weather-resistant upper portion and a soluble or degradable lower portion, the soluble or degradable lower portion being configured for the development of a cavity below the support element 82 for an increased weight load that is transferred to the double rod mat 80.

[0137] The double rod mat 80 of the fence 78 can be attached to the upper covering portion 46 to transmit the weight load to the covering portion 14 via the upper covering portion 46, specifically to the vertical side of the covering portion 14.

[0138] In order to construct the building 10 according to the embodiment in Figure 10, the fastening elements of the fence 78 are loosened, and the double rod mat 80 of the fence 78 is moved to a height of several centimeters, for example, 5 cm.

[0139] To hold the double rod mat 80 in a new position, additional non-permanent devices (not shown herein) may be applied to lock the double rod mat 80 in its elevated position. Such devices may be any devices suitable for being released after the construction is completed, such as a base of cardboard below the fence 78 or the double rod mat 80 that dissolves when wet.

[0140] The fastening elements of the fence 78 do not allow the linear movement of the double rod mat 80 in the vertical direction, but remain loose enough to still lock the double rod mat 80 to its respective posts in the horizontal direction. Here, horizontal support elements 82 are attached to the fence double rod mat 80. When the building 10 is constructed, a considerable portion of the weight of the support sections 12, each of which is a solid material piece 16, presses down on the horizontal support elements 82.

[0141] As mentioned above, the horizontally extending support element 82 consists of a solid part on the upper side and a non-permanent part on the lower side. The non-permanent part can be dissolved after the building is completed. The non-permanent part may also consist of cardboard or other material that dissolves completely when wet. The function of the non-permanent material is to prevent the solid material piece 16 from occupying space on the lower side of the horizontal support element 82.

[0142] The function of the horizontal support element 82 is to bear the weight load of the support section 12, or at least a large portion of that load, such as 50%, 70%, or 80%, as soon as all non-permanent elements dissolve. Thus, the force of its static load is transmitted to the double rod mat 80, which is permanently attached to the upper covering section 46. As a result, the weight is pressed down on the upper covering section 46, and the weight is directly transmitted to the outer covering section 14, that is, to the sides of the covering section 14.

[0143] Therefore, at least a portion of the weight of the support portion 12 is pressed down on the covering device 20. Thus, the covering device 20 in the upper row is held in place by the weight load of the support portion 12 once all non-permanent elements or parts have dissolved and the building 10 has settled into a permanent and final solid state.

[0144] In a preferred solution, as shown in Figure 10, the outer covering portion 14 is placed on the ground in a trench 84 that may be about 40 cm deep into the ground, or about one-third the height of the building 10.

[0145] The groove 84 comprises a pressed solid material piece 86 and optionally also comprises a solid base element 88. The solid base element 88 may be embedded in the solid material piece 86 and may be provided as a curb side or as a plastic element.

[0146] To prevent drainage from entering the ground between the two grooves 84 through the solid material piece 16, a drip tray 90 may be applied below the support portion 12 to capture water and other residues. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0147] 10 Buildings 12 Support part, support structure 14 Covered portion 16 solid material pieces 18 string 20 Coated devices 22. Central area, central region 24. Viewing side 26 Functional side 28 outer component, outer element 30 Mounting elements 32 Interconnection 34 Specific devices 36 Shielding elements 38. Luminous body 40 Metal flange 42 hooks 44 sinks 46 Upper covering portion 48 Vertically extending side covering portion 50 light source 52 Optical paths, internal optical paths 54 Mirror 56 Covering portion 58 Light path 60 Mounting elements 62 screws 64 shaft 66 Screw head 68 Protrusion 70, 72 Insertion chamfered section 74 discs 76 teeth 77 recess 78 Fence 80 Double Rod Mat 82 Support elements 84 Groove 86 Solid material pieces 88 Solid foundation elements 90 drop tray

Claims

1. A building (10), specifically a wall structure and / or a support structure, comprising a supporting portion (12) and a covering portion (14) for covering the supporting portion (12), The support portion (12) is provided by a piece of solid material (16) and at least one string (18) for packing at least a portion of the piece of solid material (16), the string (18) is at least partially positioned in and across the support portion (12) in a non-linear manner and at least partially bent or curved around the piece of solid material (16); The string (18) is flexible and pliable in an untensioned state; at least a portion remains curved and bent in the tensioned state to provide a packing effect; the strings (18) are arranged in an alternating pattern between a central area (22) of the support portion (12) and different covering devices (20); The coating portion (14) comprises at least one coating device (20), The string (18) and the covering device (20) are attached to each other, The at least one covering device (20) is secured to and held in place by a composite made from the solid piece of material (16) and the string (18), the building (10).

2. the covering portion (14) is disposed around the support portion (12) and / or around a plurality of sides of the support portion (12); and / or 2. The building (10) of claim 1, wherein the covering portion (14) provides a mold for the supporting portion (12), in particular for the composite of the solid material pieces (16) and the strings (18) of the supporting portion (12).

3. the at least one covering device (20) is made from a different material and / or has a different visual appearance than at least some of the pieces of solid material (16) of the support part (12); and / or the at least one coating device (20) has dimensions larger than the average piece of solid material (16) of the support portion (12); and / or 3. The building (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one covering device (20) has a higher surface quality and / or smoothness than the solid material piece (16) of the support portion (12).

4. the solid material pieces (16) are provided as crushed rock, angular rock, granular stone material, and / or broken stone, and / or glass material, and / or glass gravel, and / or glass shards, and / or 4. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pieces of solid material (16) are packed and / or pressed and / or compressed.

5. 5. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the strings (18) are laid loosely and / or at least partially tightened in order to increase the packing effect.

6. the covering portion (14) comprises a plurality of covering devices (20); and / or 6. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the string (18) is attached to a plurality of covering devices (20).

7. The at least one coating device (20) is made of and / or comprises stone and / or glass and / or metal materials and / or the at least one covering device (20) having a viewing side (24) facing away from the support part (12) and / or a functional side (26) facing towards the support part (12); 7. The building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the string (18) is attached to the covering device (20) at the functional side (26).

8. the solid piece of material (16) is compressed and / or pressed onto the coating portion (14) and / or onto the at least one coating device (20) and / or is held and / or restricted by the at least one coating device (20), and / or 8. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the covering portion (14) allows for displacement and / or movement of the solid material pieces (16).

9. 9. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the attachment between the string (18) and the at least one covering device (20) is provided via a form fit and / or a non-positive connection and / or via an adhesive.

10. said at least one covering device (20) comprising at least one outer component (28) or a plurality of outer components (28) and at least an attachment element (30; 60) and / or attachment portion for said attachment to said string (18); 10. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the exterior component has a viewing side (24) facing away from the support part (12) and / or a functional side (26) facing towards the support part (12), and the mounting element (30) and / or the mounting part are arranged on the functional side (26).

11. 11. The building (10) of claim 10, wherein the attachment elements (30) and / or the attachment portions are configured as hooks and / or eyelets and / or notches to which the strings (18) can be attached and / or hooked.

12. The mounting element (60) and / or the mounting portion are configured as and / or comprise a screw (62), 11. The building (10) of claim 10, wherein the screw is configured as a concrete screw.

13. 13. The building (10) of claim 12, wherein the screw (62) is threaded into the exterior component (28) and / or is threaded into the exterior component (28) without anchoring dowels or screws.

14. The screw (62) comprises a shaft (64) and a screw head (66) attached to the shaft (64); and / or The shaft (64) is provided with a protrusion (68), specifically a radial protrusion, located at a distance from the screw head (66) in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (64); 14. The building (10) of claim 12 or 13, wherein the shaft (64), and / or the protrusion (68), and / or the screw head (66) provide a gripping portion for a robot and / or a gripping device.

15. the screw head (66) and / or the projection (68) are provided with insert chamfers (70, 72) and / or rounded surfaces; and / or the projection (68) and the stud chamfers (70, 72) and / or the rounded surfaces (70, 72) of the screw head (66) face each other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (64), and / or 15. The building (10) of claim 14, wherein the insert chamfers (70, 72) and / or the rounded surfaces (70, 72) are provided for accurate and / or easy gripping and alignment of the covering device (20) by a robot or gripping device.

16. 16. The building (10) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the attachment element (60) and / or the attachment portion comprises a disc (74) for engagement by the string (18).

17. The disc (74) includes a plurality of teeth (76) disposed about an outer periphery of the disc (74); 17. The building (10) of claim 16, wherein the teeth (76) are configured for engaging and / or locking and / or captive engagement with the string (18).

18. The building (10) according to claim 16 or 17, which refers to claim 14, wherein the disk (74) is arranged on the shaft (64) of the screw (62) at a distance from the outer component (28) and / or between the outer component (28) and the screw head (66) and / or between the outer component (28) and the protrusion (68).

19. At least two outer components (28) are attached together via interconnects (32); 19. The building (10) of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the interconnecting portion (32) provides an attachment element (30) and / or attachment portion to which the string (18) is attached and / or hooked.

20. The at least one coating device (20) comprises a specific device (34), The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the identification device (34) is configured as a flat platform and / or configured for detection by a sensor or for detection visible to a person and / or configured with a position marker and / or an orientation marker and / or a data code or a data device ID.

21. At least one light emitter (38) is disposed in the free space between the support portion (12) and the visible outer surface of the cover portion (14); and / or 21. The building (10) of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein a plurality of light emitters are configured to exhibit a light pattern.

22. 22. A building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein a plurality of covering devices (20) are arranged in a pattern and / or in a pattern of different stone types with different aging and / or weathering characteristics and / or in a pattern with different transparency and / or translucency.

23. Two adjacent coating devices (20) are placed at a distance from each other, and / or 23. A building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a gap is provided between two adjacent covering devices (20).

24. the covering portion (14) comprises a plurality of covering devices (20), at least a portion of which is configured and / or arranged over at least one of the underlying covering devices (20); and / or 24. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the centre of gravity of the overlying covering device (20) is arranged to hold the overlying covering device (20) in a predetermined position.

25. 25. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the supporting portion (12) and / or the covering portion (14) comprise a degradable material.

26. 26. A building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support part (12) and / or the covering part (14) surround and / or comprise at least one functional object.

27. The supporting portion (12) and / or the covering portion (14) surround a structure to be connected and / or established and / or embedded in the respective ground or soil, and / or 27. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the strings (18) are connected to a structure which is connected and / or established and / or embedded in the respective ground or soil.

28. 28. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the support portion (12) and / or the covering portion (14) comprise a 3D printed structure.

29. 29. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the covering portion (14) comprises a metal flange (40) attached to the supporting portion (12) and / or a metal flange (40) attached to the supporting portion (12) after construction of the supporting portion (12) and / or a metal flange (40) attached by means of at least one hook (42) inserted into the supporting portion (12).

30. The covering portion (14) comprises at least an upper covering portion (46) covering the support portion (12) from above, and / or an upper covering portion (46) positioned on top of a vertically extending side covering portion (48) of the covering portion (14); and / or 30. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the upper covering portion (46) is a 3D printed structure and / or is printed as a negative mold of the upper surface of the support portion (12) and / or the upper surface of the side covering portion (48).

31. The upper covering part (46) is configured to fasten and / or receive a solid material piece (16) of the support part (12) and / or a covering device (20) of a vertically extending side covering part (48) of the covering part (14); and / or 31. The building (10) of claim 30, wherein the top cladding portion (46) is configured as a flat platform.

32. The overcoat portion (46) is transparent, translucent, and / or made of a glass material, and / or made of a ground glass material, and / or 32. The building (10) according to claim 30 or 31, wherein a light source (50) or lighting is installed on the top cover part (46) for illuminating the support part (12).

33. a mirror (54) is placed on the support part (12), on the overcoat part (46) and / or on the light source (50) or light for reflecting light to the support part (12); and / or 33. The building (10) of any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the mirror (54) has an overhanging portion (56) for reflecting light along an internal optical path (52) to the supporting portion (12) and / or for reflecting light from the outside to the covering portion (14), and / or is wider than the combined thickness of the supporting portion (12) and the covering portion (14).

34. the light source (50) or illumination source is mounted on a pole that is attached to the ground or soil and / or embedded in the ground or soil; and / or the light source (50) or electrical wiring for the illumination source is connected to the pole; and / or 34. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the mirror (54) for reflecting light is attached to the pillar at least through a screw hole in the pillar.

35. 35. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the support portion (12) and / or the covering portion (14) surround a fence (78).

36. A building (10) as described in claim 35, wherein the fence comprises a double rod mat (80) attached by clamping elements to solid piles placed in respective soil or ground, and horizontally extending support elements (82) are attached to the double rod mat (80), the support elements (82) being configured to support the solid material pieces (16) of the support portions (12) and to transmit the weight load of the support portions (12) to the double rod mat (80) of the fence (78).

37. 37. The building (10) of claim 36, wherein a horizontally extending support element (82) is provided with a weather-resistant upper portion and a dissolvable or degradable lower portion configured for development of a cavity below the support element (82) for enhanced weight loads transferred to the dual rod mat.

38. 38. The building (10) of any one of claims 36 to 37, wherein the double rod mat (80) of the fence (78) is attached to the upper covering portion (46) to transfer weight loads through the upper covering portion (46) to the covering portion (14).

39. 39. The building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the supporting portion (12) and / or the cladding portion (14) comprise a basalt material and / or a dunite or olivine material.

40. the plurality of solid material pieces (16) of the support portion (12) and / or the covering device (20) of the covering portion (14) are made from basalt and / or dunite or olivine material and / or are covered by basalt material and / or dunite or olivine material and / or are exposed to air, and / or 40. A building (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the basalt material and / or the dunite or olivine material are exposed to weathering and / or configured for weathering and removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

41. 41. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein at least a portion of the solid material pieces (16) and / or the covering device (20) of the covering portion (14) is covered with a powder of basalt and / or dunite or olivine material and / or the fine particles of basalt and / or dunite or olivine material are exposed to the atmosphere to enhance weathering.

42. 42. The building (10) according to any one of claims 39 to 41, wherein the basalt powder and / or the dunite or olivine powder may have a particle size of more than 5 micrometers, more than 10 micrometers, more than 15 micrometers, more than 17.5 micrometers, or more than 20 micrometers, and / or a particle size of less than 50 micrometers, less than 40 micrometers, less than 30 micrometers, less than 25 micrometers, or less than 22.5 micrometers.

43. 43. The building (10) according to any one of claims 39 to 42, wherein the basalt powder and / or the dunite or olivine material can be attached to the solid material piece (16) and / or the covering device (20) of the covering portion (14) by means of a slurry and / or a gel and / or an adhesive material.

44. 44. The building (10) of claim 43, wherein the slurry and / or the gel and / or the adhesive material are configured to be air permeable and / or soluble.

45. 45. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the material basalt powder or dunite or olivine powder is formed into particles having a size of at least 0.5 mm, or more than 1 mm, or more than 3 mm, or more than 5 mm, and / or less than 10 mm, and these particles are arranged in the support part (12) and / or the covering part (14).

46. 46. ​​The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 45, wherein the support part (12) and / or the covering part (14) and / or the top covering part (46) comprise at least one pipe, filling opening and / or tank for filling with rock particles and / or a slurry with rock material and / or a gel and / or an adhesive material.

47. 47. The building (10) of claim 46, wherein the at least one pipe, filling opening and / or tank is configured to fill rock particles in the upper part of the support part (12) and / or the covering part (14) and / or the upper covering part (46) and / or to distribute the rock particles throughout the support part (12) and / or the covering part (14) by a flow of liquid.

48. 48. The building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 47, wherein the supporting portion (12) and / or the covering portion (14) are provided in a lower portion of the supporting portion (12) and / or the covering portion (14) with filtering and / or removal openings for filtering and / or removing rock particles, in particular weathered rock particles, in particular for removing weathered rock particles from drainage water.

49. an intermediate layer is disposed between the support portion (12) and the covering portion (14); the intermediate layer is provided by a stone with a dimension equal to or larger than the gap between two adjacent covering devices (20); and / or the intermediate layer stones have a rounded and / or rounded shape; and / or 49. A building (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate layer stones are visible through the gaps between two adjacent covering devices (20).

50. A method for producing a building (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 49, comprising the steps of: Providing at least one covering device (20) on the covering portion (14); providing a support portion (12) by placing a composite of a solid piece of material (16) and at least one string (18) adjacent to said at least one covering device, the string (18) is at least partially positioned in and across the support portion (12) in a non-linear manner and at least partially bent or curved around the piece of solid material (16); The string (18) is flexible and pliable in an untensioned state; at least a portion remains curved and bent in the tensioned state to provide a packing effect; the strings (18) being arranged in an alternating pattern between a central area (22) of the support portion (12) and different covering devices (20); Attaching the string (18) to the at least one covering device (20), said at least one covering device (20) being fixed and held by a composite made of said solid material piece (16) and said string (18); The method includes:

51. at least two covering parts (14) and / or at least two covering devices (20) are arranged opposite each other, and / or 51. The method of claim 50, wherein the support portion (12) is arranged between at least two opposing coating portions (14) and / or between at least two coating devices (20).

52. 52. The method according to claim 50 or 51, wherein at least one covering portion (14) provides a mold for the support portion (12) and / or for the composite of the solid piece of material (16) and at least one string (18).

53. 53. A method according to any one of claims 50 to 52, wherein the pieces of solid material (16) are packed by the strings (18), by pressing and / or by tamping.

54. 54. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 53, wherein the string (18) is at least partially placed within and / or across the support part (12) and / or between the pieces of solid material (16) and / or is loosely placed and / or at least partially tightened in order to increase the packing effect.

55. 55. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 54, wherein the strings (18) are laid in an alternating pattern between a central area (22) of the support portion (12) and different covering devices (20).