Lubricant base oil

Abstract

To provide a synthetic lubricant base oil with a high viscosity index while having a practical pour point as a lubricant base oil for internal combustion engines.SOLUTION: A lubricant base oil contains a poly internal olefin and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm2 / s or less at 100°C.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricating base oil.

Background Art

[0002] Lubricating oils are used in various fields that require friction reduction. In the past, natural oils and fats, petroleum refined products, etc. have been used, but in recent years, synthetic lubricating oils have been synthesized and used according to the application. In particular, synthetic esters are excellent in thermal stability, and specifically, organic acid esters, phosphate esters, silicate esters, etc. are exemplified.

[0003] Generally, a lubricating oil having a high viscosity index (VI), that is, a small viscosity difference between low temperature and high temperature, is excellent in fuel efficiency. Currently, in the market, poly-α-olefin having 10 carbon atoms is used as a lubricating base oil because it has a high viscosity index and a low pour point (for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In order to further increase the viscosity index of poly-α-olefin, it is necessary to increase the carbon number of α-olefin for polymerizing poly-α-olefin. However, poly-α-olefin obtained by polymerizing α-olefin having a large carbon number has a problem that the pour point becomes high and it cannot be used as a lubricating base oil.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic lubricating base oil having a high viscosity index while having a practical pour point as a lubricating base oil for internal combustion engines.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] This invention contains a polyinternal olefin and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. 2 This is a lubricating oil base oil with a viscosity of / s or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a synthetic lubricating oil base oil that has a practical pour point for use as a lubricating oil base oil for internal combustion engines, while also having a high viscosity index. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] <Lubricant base oil> The lubricating oil base oil of this embodiment contains polyinternal olefin and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. 2 It is less than or equal to / s. Note that lubricating oil base oil refers to the main component of a lubricating oil composition, which is used in combination with various additives that impart various functions to the lubricating oil composition.

[0010] [Polyinternal olefin] The aforementioned polyinternal olefin is an olefin polymer containing an internal olefin having a double bond inside the olefin chain, and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. 2 / s or less, preferably 200 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 100 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 20mm 2 It is less than or equal to / s.

[0011] The average DBP value (average value at double bond positions) in the olefin containing the internal olefin is preferably 2 or higher, more preferably 3 or higher, and even more preferably 4 or higher from the viewpoint of the pour point, and preferably 8 or lower, more preferably 6 or lower, and even more preferably 4 or lower from the viewpoint of the viscosity index. In this specification, the average DBP value in the olefin is measured by the method described in the examples.

[0012] From the viewpoint of viscosity index, the average number of carbon atoms in the olefin containing the internal olefin is preferably 16 or more, more preferably 17 or more, and even more preferably 18 or more. From the viewpoint of pour point, it is preferably 22 or less, and more preferably 20 or less.

[0013] The viscosity index (VI) of the polyinternal olefin is preferably 100 or higher, more preferably 130 or higher, and even more preferably 140 or higher, from the viewpoint of fuel efficiency. In this specification, viscosity index means viscosity index measured in accordance with JIS K 2283.

[0014] The pour point of the polyinternal olefin is preferably 0°C or lower, and more preferably -10°C or lower, from the viewpoint of usable temperature. In this specification, pour point means the pour point measured in accordance with JIS K 2269.

[0015] The content of the polyinternal olefin in the lubricating oil base oil is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, even more preferably 50% by mass or more, even more preferably substantially 100% by mass, and even more preferably 100% by mass, from the viewpoint of viscosity index. In this specification, "even substantially 100% by mass" refers to a state in which trace amounts of impurities are inevitably included.

[0016] The polyinternal olefin can be obtained by polymerizing an olefin containing the internal olefin by a known method. The content of the internal olefin in the olefin containing the internal olefin is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, even more preferably 98% by mass or more, and even more preferably 100% by mass, from the viewpoint of the pour point.

[0017] <Lubricating oil composition> The lubricating oil composition of this embodiment contains the lubricating oil base oil. The content of the lubricating oil base oil in the lubricating oil composition is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, even more preferably 50% by mass or more, even more preferably substantially 100% by mass, and even more preferably 100% by mass, from the viewpoint of viscosity index.

[0018] The lubricating oil composition may contain other additives as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of other additives include detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, oiliness improvers, antiwear agents, extreme pressure agents, rust preventives, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, mold inhibitors, solid lubricants, and the like.

[0019] The lubricating oil composition can be used for combustion lubricating oils such as gasoline engine oils, diesel engine oils, and marine engine oils; non-combustion lubricating oils such as gear oils, automatic transmission oils, hydraulic oils, fire-resistant hydraulic fluids, refrigeration oils, compressor oils, vacuum pump oils, bearing oils, insulating oils, turbine oils, sliding surface oils, rock drill oils, metalworking oils, plastic processing oils, heat treatment oils, and greases. Further, the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be used for sliding parts such as rotary sliding like a sliding bearing, surface sliding like a thrust bearing, and slide sliding like a spline, and can be used for lubrication methods such as the spline part of a clutch disk, the shaft of a transmission and the inner diameter bearing part of a gear, the spline part of a hub sleeve, the parts supported by metal in each part, and the spline part of a change operation system.

Examples

[0020] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited only to these examples. Also, various measurement and evaluation methods are as follows.

[0021] <Measurement method>[ 〔Measurement method for the double bond distribution of olefins〕 The double bond distribution of olefins was measured by gas chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as GC). Specifically, after reacting dimethyldisulfide with olefins to form a dithioated derivative, each component was separated by GC. The double bond distribution of olefins was determined from the peak area of each. The apparatus and analysis conditions used for the measurement are as follows. GC apparatus: Trade name HP6890 (manufactured by HEWLETT PACKARD) Column: Product name Ultra-Alloy-1HT capillary column 30m x 250μm x 0.15μm (Manufactured by Frontier Labs) Detector: Flame Ion Detector (FID) Injection temperature: 300℃ Detector temperature: 350℃ Oven: 60°C (0 min) → 2°C / min → 225°C → 20°C / min → 350°C → 350°C (5.2 min)

[0022] [Method for calculating DBP average value (average value at double bond locations)] For example, if the double bond distribution is C1 position: a mass %, C2 position: b mass %, C3 position: c mass %, C4 position: d mass %, C5 position: e mass %, C6 position: f mass %, C7 position: g mass %, C8 position: h mass %, C9 position: i mass % (total 100 mass %), the DBP average value is (1×a+2×b+3×c+4×d+5×e+6×f+7×g+8×h+9×i) / 100 It is calculated from the above. In the case where multiple peaks overlap, the area was equally allocated to each peak and the DBP average value was calculated.

[0023] [Method for measuring the content ratio of structural isomers] Mix 0.05 g of alkyl glyceryl ether, 0.2 g of trifluoroacetic anhydride, and 1 g of deuterated chloroform. 1 Measurements were performed using 1H-NMR. The measurement conditions were as follows: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer: Agilent 400-MR DD2, manufactured by Agilent Technologies. Observation range: 6410.3Hz Data points: 65536 Measurement mode: Presat Pulse width: 45° Pulse delay time: 10 sec Total number of times: 128

[0024] <Example of olefin production containing an internal olefin with 18 carbon atoms> [Example of Olefin 1 Production] In a reactor equipped with a stirring device, 800 kg (3.0 kilomol) of 1-octadecanol (Kao Corporation, Calcol 8098) was charged as the raw material alcohol, and 80 kg (10% by mass relative to the raw material alcohol) of activated alumina GP-20 (Mizusawa Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.) was charged as the solid acid catalyst. The reaction was carried out for 16 hours at 280°C with stirring while nitrogen (15 L / min) was circulated through the system. After the reaction, the alcohol conversion rate was 100%, and the purity of the C18 internal olefin was 98.7%. The obtained crude C18 internal olefin was transferred to a distiller and distilled at 163-190°C / 4.6 mmHg to obtain olefin (olefin 1) containing C18 internal olefin with 100% olefin purity. The double bond distribution of the obtained olefin 1 was as follows: C1 position 0.3 mass%, C2 position 13.3 mass%, C3 position 12.6 mass%, C4 position 13.9 mass%, C5 position 14.8 mass%, C6 position 13.7 mass%, C7 position 12.6 mass%, and the sum of C8 and C9 positions was 18.8 mass%.

[0025] [Example of Olefin 2 Production] In a flask equipped with a stirring device, 7000g (25.9 mol) of 1-octadecanol (Kao Corporation, Calcol 8098) as the starting alcohol and 700g (10% by mass relative to the starting alcohol) of γ-alumina (STREM Chemicals, Inc.) as a solid acid catalyst were charged. The reaction was carried out for 10 hours at 280°C with stirring and nitrogen (7 L / min) flowing through the system. After the reaction, the alcohol conversion rate was 100%, and the purity of the C18 internal olefin was 98.2%. The obtained crude C18 internal olefin was transferred to a distillation flask and distilled at 148-158°C / 0.5 mmHg to obtain olefin (olefin 2) containing C18 internal olefin with 100% olefin purity. The double bond distribution of the obtained olefin 2 was as follows: C1 position 0.8 mass%, C2 position 31.3 mass%, C3 position 22.9 mass%, C4 position 15.5 mass%, C5 position 10.8 mass%, C6 position 7.2 mass%, C7 position 5.3 mass%, and the sum of C8 and C9 positions was 6.2 mass%.

[0026] [Example of Olefin 3 Production] In a flask equipped with a stirring device, 7000g (28.9 mol) of 1-hexadecanol (Kao Corporation, Calcol 6098) as the starting alcohol and 700g (10% by mass relative to the starting alcohol) of γ-alumina (STREM Chemicals, Inc.) as a solid acid catalyst were charged. The reaction was carried out for 5 hours at 280°C with stirring and nitrogen (7 L / min) flowing through the system. After the reaction, the alcohol conversion rate was 100%, and the purity of the C16 internal olefin was 99.7%. The obtained crude C16 internal olefin was transferred to a distillation flask and distilled at 136-160°C / 4.0 mmHg to obtain olefin (olefin 3) containing C16 internal olefin with 100% olefin purity. The double bond distribution of the obtained olefin 3 was as follows: C1 position 0.5 mass%, C2 position 16.5 mass%, C3 position 15.4 mass%, C4 position 16.4 mass%, C5 position 17.2 mass%, C6 position 14.2 mass%, and the sum of C7 and C8 positions was 19.8 mass%.

[0027] <Method for preparing polyolefins> [Example of production of polyinternal olefin 1] In a reactor equipped with a stirring device, 2.21 moles of olefin 1 and 0.11 moles of aluminum chloride (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a catalyst were loaded, and the reaction was carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere at 120°C for 10 hours with stirring. Subsequently, 88 g of a 15% by mass aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added and stirred to deactivate the catalyst, after which the mixture was washed with water. Further, the mixture was subjected to a reaction at 180°C and 5 torr (gauge pressure) to remove light components and obtain polyinternal olefin 1.

[0028] [Example of production of polyinternal olefin 2] Polyinternal Olefin 1 was loaded into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and distilled. The temperature was increased and the pressure reduced until conditions of 300°C and 5 torr (gauge pressure) were reached, and the distillate was collected as Polyinternal Olefin 2.

[0029] [Example of production of polyinternal olefin 3] Polyinternal olefin 3 was prepared in the same manner as polyinternal olefin 1, except that olefin 2 was used instead of olefin 1 as a raw material.

[0030] [Example of production of polyinternal olefin 4] Polyinternal Olefin 3 was loaded into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and distilled. The temperature was increased and the pressure reduced until conditions of 300°C and 5 torr (gauge pressure) were reached, and the distillate was collected as Polyinternal Olefin 4.

[0031] [Example of production of polyinternal olefin 5] Polyinternal olefin 5 was prepared in the same manner as polyinternal olefin 1, except that olefin 3 was used instead of olefin 1 as a raw material.

[0032] [Example of production of poly-alphaolefin 1] Poly-α-olefin 1 was prepared in the same manner as described for poly-internal olefin 1, except that C18α-olefin (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of olefin 1 as a raw material.

[0033] [Example of Poly-α-olefin 2 production] Poly-α-olefin 2 was prepared in the same manner as described for poly-internal olefin 5, except that C16α-olefin (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of olefin 3 as a raw material.

[0034] <Evaluation Method> [Evaluation of kinematic viscosity] Kinematic viscosity was evaluated using a Stubinger viscometer (Anton Paar, SVM3000) that meets the accuracy requirements of ASTM D7042, measuring the kinematic viscosity at 40°C and the kinematic viscosity at 100°C (mm²). 2 The measurement was taken ( / s).

[0035] [Viscosity index (VI)] The viscosity index was determined from the kinematic viscosity obtained in the kinematic viscosity evaluation in accordance with JIS K2283.

[0036] [Evaluation of the pour point] The pour point (°C) was measured according to the measurement method compliant with JIS K2269.

[0037] The results of each evaluation are shown in Table 1.

[0038] [Table 1]

[0039] Examples 1-5 have a practical pour point while possessing a high viscosity index. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have high kinematic viscosity and viscosity index at 100°C, but also a high pour point.

Claims

1. Contains polyinternal olefin and has a kinetic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. ２ / s or less.

2. 2. The lubricant base oil of claim 1, wherein the polyinternal olefin is a polymer of olefins containing an internal olefin.

3. The lubricating base oil of claim 2 , wherein the olefins have an average DBP value of 2 or greater and 8 or less.

4. The lubricating base oil according to claim 2 , wherein the olefins have an average carbon number of 16 or more and 22 or less.

5. 3. The lubricating base oil according to claim 2, wherein the olefins have a content of the internal olefins of 90 mass% or more.

6. 2. The lubricating base oil according to claim 1, wherein the polyinternal olefin content is from 10% by mass to 100% by mass.

7. A lubricating oil composition comprising the lubricating base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6.