Ammonia combustion method, ammonia mixing substrate, and ammonia mixed fuel

Abstract

To provide a novel combustion method for ammonia that enables stable combustion while suppressing production of nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion.SOLUTION: A combustion method for ammonia comprises: mixing (a) ammonia with (b) a base material for mixing ammonia composed of a petroleum fraction having a density at 15°C of 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm3, a kinetic viscosity at 30°C of 2.000 to 5.200 mm2 / sec, a flash point of 50.0°C to 70.0°C, a cetane index of 49.0 to 65.0, a saturated hydrocarbon content of 56.0 vol.% or more, and an aromatic hydrocarbon content of 40.0 vol.% or less; and burning the mixture.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for burning ammonia. [Background technology]

[0002] The fuel oil used in diesel internal combustion engines is a compression ignition fuel oil that is sprayed in the form of a mist into the high-temperature air compressed by the piston inside the cylinder, and obtains its combustion energy (thermal energy) by the fuel self-igniting. The above-mentioned fuel oil for diesel internal combustion engines is a petroleum-based fuel usually referred to as light oil or heavy oil A, and is used in a wide range of fields, such as fuel oil for on-road and off-road vehicles and fuel oil for fishing boats.

[0003] In recent years, in order to prevent global warming, there has been a demand for a shift to new fuels that do not emit carbon dioxide (CO2) when burned, such as ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2), which do not contain carbon (C), as fuel oil for diesel internal combustion engines. In the shipping industry in particular, the Japanese government is providing subsidies to develop ammonia-fueled ships, with the goal of having them in commercial operation as soon as possible by 2028.

[0004] However, ammonia is a flame-retardant substance with a much higher ignition temperature and a much slower burning speed than conventional petroleum-based fuels, making it difficult to stably burn ammonia by itself. For this reason, a technique is known in which, as a combustion improver for assisting the combustion of ammonia, for example, hydroxyammonium nitrate or the like is mixed with ammonia and burned (mixed combustion with ammonia) (see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2010-222432 A DISCLOSURE OF THEINVENTION [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As a combustion improver for the ammonia, for example, petroleum-based fuels such as diesel oil have been considered. However, since highly polar liquefied ammonia and liquid non-polar hydrocarbons such as diesel oil are hardly compatible with each other in the liquid phase, it was thought to be difficult to mix and burn them uniformly and stably as a fuel oil for diesel internal combustion engines.

[0007] On the other hand, the present inventors came up with the idea of ​​solving the above technical problems by separately supplying ammonia and a petroleum-based fuel into a combustion chamber (cylinder) in a diesel internal combustion engine, instead of supplying ammonia and a petroleum-based fuel such as diesel in a premixed state into the combustion chamber (cylinder).

[0008] Incidentally, it is known that when ammonia is burned, nitrous oxide (N2O), which has a high global warming potential, is emitted. As a result of the investigations conducted by the present inventors, it was found that when ammonia is mixed with petroleum-based fuel and burned (co-combustion), nitrous oxide (N2O) is easily generated.

[0009] Under these circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for burning ammonia that enables stable combustion while suppressing the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] As a result of intensive research by the present inventors in order to solve the above technical problems, it was surprisingly found that a compound having a density of 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm at 15° C. and a compound having a density of 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm at 15° C. 3 , kinematic viscosity at 30℃ is 2.000 to 5.200 mm 2The inventors have found that the above technical problems can be solved by mixing and combusting an ammonia mixing base material consisting of a petroleum fraction having a viscosity of 1000 psi / sec, a flash point of 50.0 to 70.0°C, a cetane index of 49.0 to 65.0, a content of saturated hydrocarbons of 56.0% by volume or more, and a content of aromatic hydrocarbons of 40.0% by volume or less, and the mixture is then combusted. Based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.

[0011] That is, the present invention provides (1) A method for burning ammonia, comprising the steps of: (a) ammonia; (b) Density at 15°C is 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm 3 , Kinematic viscosity at 30℃ is 2.000 to 5.200 mm 2 / sec, Flash point is 50.0℃~70.0℃, Cetane index 49.0-65.0, The saturated hydrocarbon content is 56.0% or more by volume. Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 40.0% or less by volume and an ammonia mixing base material consisting of a petroleum fraction. Mix and burn A method for burning ammonia, (2) The method for burning ammonia according to (1) above, wherein the (a) ammonia co-firing ratio is 10 to 90%. (3) The method for burning ammonia according to the above (1) or (2), in which the (a) ammonia and the (b) ammonia mixing base material are separately supplied to a combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine and burned. This provides: Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a novel method for combusting ammonia, which enables stable combustion while suppressing the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0013] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. In this specification, the term "to" used to indicate a range of values ​​indicates a range that includes the values ​​set forth as the upper and lower limits. In addition, when a unit is set forth only for the upper limit of a range of values ​​set forth as "to", this also means that the lower limit is set in the same unit. In the present specification, any upper or lower limit value described in a numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in a numerical range. In this specification, the content or amount of each component in a composition means, when multiple substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, the total content or amount of those multiple substances present in the composition, unless otherwise specified. As used herein, combinations of preferred aspects are more preferred aspects.

[0014] In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the values ​​of the following items are values ​​determined using the following test methods and calculations. "Density at 15°C"; JIS K 2249-1 "Testing methods for density of crude oil and petroleum products and density, mass and volume conversion tables." "Kinematic viscosity at 30℃" JIS K2283 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Test method for kinematic viscosity and calculation method for viscosity index." ·"flash point" JIS K 2265-1 "How to determine flash point - Part 1: Tag-closed method" "Cetane Index" JIS K 2280-5 "Petroleum products - How to determine octane number, cetane number and cetane index". "Ratio of saturated hydrocarbons (saturated portion)", "Ratio of aromatic hydrocarbons (aromatic portion)" (1) First, the saturated and aromatic components are separated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) under the following conditions. Measuring device: Shimadzu Corporation Prominence ISO-UV System (CBM20A) Column: Develosil 30-3 (4.6mm x 250mm, Nomura Chemical Co., Ltd.) Column temperature: room temperature Mobile phase: n-hexane (for HPLC) 1.0mL / min 5.3MPa Sample dilution: Dilute to 20% by volume with n-hexane Sample rack temperature: Room temperature (2) The saturated and aromatic components separated in (1) above are measured using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) under the following conditions, and the area ratio of each is calculated as mass%. Measurement equipment: Agilent 7890B manufactured by Agilent Technologies Column: DB-HT SimDis 5m x 0.53mm I.D. x 0.15um (145-1001 Agilent) Oven temperature: 40℃(1min)-(30℃ / min)-350℃(2min) Inlet temperature: Oven track mode (oven +3℃) Detector: FID 400℃ Carrier gas: He 0.45702psi 3.51mL / min constant flow 27.453cm / sec Injection method: On-column injection 4 μl (3) Next, the saturated and aromatic components separated in (1) above are measured by a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (GC / MS) under the following conditions to obtain an average mass spectrum, and then the saturated component content (mass%) obtained in (2) above is converted to volume% using the calculation formula described in ASTM D 2786, and the aromatic component content (mass%) obtained in (2) above is converted to volume% using the calculation formula described in ASTM D 3239 (average carbon number: 16 (minimum) to 32 (maximum), calculation factor: n-paraffin). Equipment: Agilent Technologies Agilent 7890A Agilent 5975C quadrupole mass spectrometer Column: DB-1HT 30m x 0.32mm I.D. x 0.10um Oven temperature: 40℃(2min)-(20℃ / min)-300℃(5min) Inlet temperature: Oven track mode (oven +3℃) Transfer line temperature: 300℃ Carrier gas: He constant pressure mode 30kPa initial 2.1mL / min 52cm / sec Solvent waiting time: 2.5 min Mass range: 30-750 Threshold: 100 Sampling♯2 2.07scan / sec Ionization voltage: EI 70eV Injection method: On-column injection 0.5 μl "Atmospheric distillation properties" (10% volume distillation temperature by atmospheric distillation, 50% volume distillation temperature by atmospheric distillation, and 90% volume distillation temperature by atmospheric distillation) JIS K2254 "Petroleum products - Determination of distillation properties - Normal pressure method" "Total heat generation" The method specified in JIS K 2279 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Calorific value test method and calorific value estimation method -". "Net heat value" The method specified in JIS K 2279 "Crude oil and petroleum products - Calorific value test method and calorific value estimation method -". "Nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration" Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

[0015] First, the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention will be described. The method for burning ammonia according to the present invention comprises the steps of: A method for burning ammonia, comprising the steps of: (a) ammonia; (b) Density at 15°C is 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm 3 , Kinematic viscosity at 30℃ is 2.000 to 5.200 mm 2 / sec, Flash point is 50.0℃~70.0℃, Cetane index 49.0-65.0, The saturated hydrocarbon content is 56.0% or more by volume. Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 40.0% or less by volume and an ammonia mixing base material consisting of a petroleum fraction. Mix and burn It is characterized by the above.

[0016] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, the ammonia (a) is not particularly limited. As the ammonia, liquid anhydrous ammonia is usually used.

[0017] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the base material for mixing ammonia is Density at 15℃ is 0.8000~0.8600g / cm 3 , Kinematic viscosity at 30℃ is 2.000 to 5.200 mm 2 / sec, Flash point is 50.0℃~70.0℃, Cetane index 49.0-65.0, The saturated hydrocarbon content is 56.0% or more by volume. Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 40.0% or less by volume It is composed of petroleum fractions.

[0018] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, the petroleum fraction constituting the base material for ammonia mixing (b) includes intermediate fractions obtained from a petroleum refining process, i.e., kerosene fraction and light oil fraction (kerosene fraction and light oil fraction).

[0019] In the ammonia combustion method according to the present invention, (b) the petroleum fraction constituting the ammonia mixing base material is specifically, for example, straight-run kerosene obtained from an atmospheric distillation unit or desulfurized kerosene obtained by desulfurization, straight-run light oil obtained from an atmospheric distillation unit or desulfurized light oil obtained by desulfurizing straight-run light oil, indirect desulfurized light oil obtained from an indirect desulfurization unit, direct desulfurized light oil obtained from a direct desulfurization unit, light cycle oil obtained from a fluid catalytic cracking unit, and the above-mentioned desulfurized light oil or light cycle oil is mixed with a light oil fraction obtained from an atmospheric distillation unit and further desulfurized. A desulfurized light oil fraction obtained by mixing a thermally cracked light light oil obtained by thermally cracking heavy oil and a light cycle oil and hydrotreating it at a hydrogen partial pressure of 10 to 18 MPa, etc., which are usually used as a base material for light oil or A heavy oil, can be mentioned as one or more types selected from these.

[0020] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the density of the petroleum fraction constituting the base material for ammonia mixing at 15°C is 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm 3 0.8000~0.8590g / cm 3 It is preferable that the density is 0.8100 to 0.8580 g / cm 3 It is more preferable that:

[0021] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the density at 15°C of the petroleum fraction constituting the base material for mixing ammonia is within the above range, whereby the hydrocarbon content per volume is increased, the calorific value is improved, and a good combustion state can be easily achieved during combustion.

[0022] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the kinetic viscosity at 30°C of the petroleum fraction constituting the base material for ammonia mixing is 2.000 to 5.200 mm 2 / sec, 2,000~5,000mm 2 / sec., preferably 2,000 to 4,900 mm 2 / sec is more preferable.

[0023] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the kinetic viscosity at 30°C of the petroleum fraction constituting the base material for ammonia mixing is within the above range, whereby stable injection by the fuel injection pump can be easily performed and particulate matter emissions from diesel engines can be easily suppressed.

[0024] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, the flash point of the petroleum fraction constituting the (b) ammonia mixing base material is 50.0 to 70.0°C, preferably 50.0 to 68.0°C, and more preferably 50.0 to 65.0°C.

[0025] In the ammonia combustion method according to the present invention, the flash point of the petroleum fraction constituting the ammonia mixing base material (b) is within the above range, so that ignition due to static electricity or the like when handling the ammonia mixing base material (b) can be reduced.

[0026] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, the cetane index of the petroleum fraction constituting the (b) ammonia mixing base material is 49.0 to 65.0, preferably 49.0 to 63.0, and more preferably 49.0 to 58.0.

[0027] In the ammonia combustion method according to the present invention, the content of saturated hydrocarbons (saturates) in the petroleum fraction constituting the ammonia mixing base material (b) is 56.0% by volume or more, preferably 56.0 to 80.0% by volume, and more preferably 58.0 to 78.0% by volume.

[0028] In the ammonia combustion method according to the present invention, the content of aromatic hydrocarbons (aromatic content) in the petroleum fraction constituting the ammonia mixing base material (b) is 40.0% by volume or less, preferably 20.0 to 40.0% by volume, and more preferably 22.0 to 40.0% by volume.

[0029] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the cetane index, the content ratio of saturated hydrocarbons, and the content ratio of aromatic hydrocarbons of the petroleum fraction constituting the base material for ammonia mixing are each within the above-mentioned ranges, so that ammonia can be burned stably while suppressing the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) when combusting the ammonia.

[0030] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) by adopting a petroleum fraction constituting the base material for ammonia mixing that satisfies certain regulations such as a high cetane index, the ignition delay period can be shortened, and the ammonia introduced into the combustion system can be burned together with the base material for ammonia mixing at an appropriate time, thereby maintaining a high combustion temperature, and the ammonia introduced successively into the combustion system can be burned stably. When the temperature in the combustion system is low, a large amount of nitrous oxide (N2O) may be generated by the ammonia introduced into the combustion system. However, as described above, in the ammonia combustion method according to the present invention, (b) a specific petroleum fraction that satisfies specific regulations such as a high cetane index is used as the ammonia mixing base material, so that ammonia can be burned uniformly, quickly and stably, and the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) can be suitably suppressed.

[0031] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, the ammonia mixing base material (b) may contain various additives. The additives include one or more selected from known fuel additives such as flow improvers, lubricity improvers, antioxidants, metal deactivators, antistatic agents, and corrosion inhibitors.

[0032] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (a) the mixed combustion ratio of ammonia is preferably 10 to 90%, more preferably 15 to 85%, and further preferably 18 to 80%.

[0033] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (a) ammonia is mixed with a specific (b) base material for mixing ammonia and burned, and therefore, within the range of the above-mentioned mixed combustion ratio, it is possible to stably burn the ammonia while suppressing the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion.

[0034] In this application, the co-firing ratio is calculated by the following formula: {Lower heating value of ammonia (NH3) supplied to the combustion chamber per unit time [J] / (Lower heating value of ammonia mixing base material supplied to the combustion chamber per unit time [J] + Lower heating value of ammonia (NH3) supplied to the combustion chamber per unit time [J])} x 100 Here, the lower heating value [J] means the net heating value [J].

[0035] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, it is preferable to separately supply (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for ammonia mixing into a combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine and burn them.

[0036] As described above, when ammonia, which is a flame retardant substance, is used as fuel oil for diesel internal combustion engines, it has been essential to use a combustion improver. However, when a petroleum fuel such as diesel oil is used as the combustion improver, highly polar liquefied ammonia and liquid non-polar hydrocarbons such as diesel oil are hardly compatible with each other in the liquid phase, and therefore it has been difficult to mix them uniformly and stably and burn them as fuel oil for diesel internal combustion engines.

[0037] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, instead of supplying (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for ammonia mixing into a combustion chamber (cylinder) in a premixed state, the ammonia and the base material for ammonia mixing are separately supplied into the combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine and mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber, whereby the mixture of (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for ammonia mixing can be suitably used as a fuel oil for diesel internal combustion engines.

[0038] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (a) the method for supplying ammonia into the combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine can be, for example, any one of (a1) a method for supplying ammonia from an intake pipe that supplies air to the combustion chamber, (a2) a method for supplying ammonia from an injection port that supplies fuel to the combustion chamber, and (a3) ​​a method for supplying ammonia from a dedicated ammonia supply port separately provided in the combustion chamber.

[0039] In addition, in the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, (b) the method for supplying the base material for ammonia mixing into the combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine can be, for example, (b1) a method for supplying from an injection port for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, or (b2) a method for supplying from a dedicated base material for ammonia mixing supply port separately provided in the combustion chamber.

[0040] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, when both (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for mixing ammonia are supplied from a nozzle for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber (when the supply method (a2) and the supply method (b1) are used in combination), it is preferable to supply (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for mixing ammonia while injecting them into the combustion chamber at different timings.

[0041] In the method for burning ammonia according to the present invention, components other than (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for mixing ammonia may be further added to the combustion system, but the total addition rate of (a) ammonia and (b) the base material for mixing ammonia to all added components added to the combustion system per unit time is preferably 97 to 100% by volume / min, more preferably 98 to 100% by volume / min, and even more preferably 99 to 100% by volume / min.

[0042] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a novel method for combusting ammonia, which enables stable combustion while suppressing the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion. EXAMPLES

[0043] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples in any way.

[0044] (base material) In the following examples and comparative examples, the following base materials were used as the base material for ammonia mixing (b). The properties of each base material are shown in Table 1. ·Base material 1 Desulfurized diesel fuel and desulfurized kerosene are mixed in a volume ratio of 70.0 desulfurized diesel fuel:30.0 desulfurized kerosene. ·Base material 2 Desulfurized diesel fuel and desulfurized kerosene are mixed in a volume ratio of 70.0 desulfurized diesel fuel:30.0 desulfurized kerosene. ·Base material 3 Desulfurized diesel, light cycle oil, and desulfurized kerosene are mixed in a volume ratio of 40.0 parts desulfurized diesel, 12.5 parts light cycle oil, and 47.5 parts desulfurized kerosene. ·Comparison base material 1 High-pressure hydrotreated diesel fuel and light cycle oil are mixed in a volume ratio of 57.5 parts high-pressure hydrotreated diesel fuel:42.5 parts light cycle oil. ·Comparison base material 2 High-pressure hydrotreated diesel, light cycle oil, and desulfurized kerosene are mixed in a volume ratio of 50.0 high-pressure hydrotreated diesel, 40.0 light cycle oil, and 10.0 desulfurized kerosene. ·Comparison base material 3 A mixture of desulfurized diesel, straight-run diesel, indirectly desulfurized diesel, and light cycle oil in a volume ratio of 5.0 parts desulfurized diesel, 5.0 parts straight-run diesel, 60.0 parts indirectly desulfurized diesel, and 30.0 parts light cycle oil. ·Comparison base material 4 A mixture of desulfurized diesel, high-pressure hydrotreated diesel, indirectly desulfurized diesel, and light cycle oil in a volume ratio of 30.0 parts desulfurized diesel: 30.0 parts high-pressure hydrotreated diesel: 10.0 parts indirectly desulfurized diesel: 30.0 parts light cycle oil. ·Comparison base material 5 A mixture of high-pressure hydrotreated diesel, indirectly desulfurized diesel, light cycle oil, and desulfurized kerosene in a volume ratio of 47.5 parts high-pressure hydrotreated diesel, 32.5 parts indirectly desulfurized diesel, 7.5 parts light cycle oil, and 12.5 parts desulfurized kerosene.

[0045] [Table 1]

[0046] (Examples 1 to 4) Using the following small-sized test single-cylinder medium-speed diesel engine, ammonia and base material 1 were supplied into the combustion chamber from an intake pipe for air supply so that the ammonia co-combustion ratios were 18% (Example 1), 43% (Example 2), 67% (Example 3), and 78% (Example 4), respectively. At the same time, base material 1 was supplied into the combustion chamber from an injection port provided in the combustion chamber, whereby the two were supplied separately into the combustion chamber and mixed and burned in the combustion chamber.

[0047] <Small-sized test single-cylinder medium-speed diesel engine> Model: AVL base (Base engine AVL type 520 Type 4-stroke Bore / stroke 112 / 110 mm Num. Cyl. 1 Displacement 1.08 L Comp. Ratio 18.5 Aspiration NA) Style: Naturally Aspirated Rotation speed: 1500 min -1 Fixed Output: Adjusted to a constant 7.8kW Substrate injection timing (SoI): Injection starts at -10 aTDC deg. Fuel: Injection amount is increased or decreased according to the output of 7.8kW

[0048] The exhaust gas obtained from each of the above combustion processes was analyzed for nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) using an FTIR exhaust gas analyzer (FAST2200, Iwata Denki). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] (Examples 5 to 7) Substrate 2 was used instead of substrate 1, and ammonia and substrate 2 were separately injected into the combustion chamber, mixed, and burned so that the ammonia mixed combustion ratio was 18% (Example 5), 67% (Example 6), and 78% (Example 7), respectively. Except for this, the same combustion procedure as in Example 1 was performed, and the nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was determined. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] (Examples 8 to 9) Substrate 3 was used instead of substrate 1, and ammonia and substrate 3 were separately injected into the combustion chamber, mixed, and burned so that the ammonia co-combustion ratio was 18% (Example 8) and 67% (Example 9), respectively. Except for this, the same combustion procedure as in Example 1 was performed, and the nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was determined. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0051] (Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 2) The comparative substrate 1 was used instead of the substrate 1, and ammonia and the comparative substrate 1 were separately injected into the combustion chamber, mixed, and burned so that the ammonia mixed combustion ratio was 67% (Comparative Example 1) and 78% (Comparative Example 2), respectively. Except for this, the same combustion procedure as in Example 1 was performed, and the nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was determined. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 The comparative substrate 2 was used instead of the substrate 1, and ammonia and the comparative substrate 2 were separately injected into the combustion chamber so that the ammonia mixed combustion ratio was 67%, and then mixed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1. The nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was determined. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0053] Comparative Example 4 The comparative substrate 3 was used instead of the substrate 1, and ammonia and the comparative substrate 3 were separately injected into the combustion chamber so that the ammonia mixed combustion ratio was 67%, and mixed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was determined. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0054] Comparative Example 5 The comparative substrate 4 was used instead of the substrate 1, and ammonia and the comparative substrate 4 were separately injected into the combustion chamber so that the ammonia mixed combustion ratio was 43%, and mixed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was obtained. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0055] Comparative Example 6 The comparative substrate 5 was used instead of the substrate 1, and ammonia and the comparative substrate 5 were separately injected into the combustion chamber so that the ammonia mixed combustion ratio was 43%, and mixed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration in the exhaust gas was obtained. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0056] [Table 2]

[0057] [Table 3]

[0058] From Table 2, it can be seen that in Examples 1 to 9, (a) ammonia and (b) ammonia mixing base material made of a petroleum fraction having specific characteristics are mixed and burned, and thus the (a) ammonia can be burned uniformly, quickly and stably, and the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) can be suitably suppressed.

[0059] On the other hand, from Table 3, in Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the petroleum fraction constituting the ammonia mixing base material has a density outside a specific range (Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 5), a cetane index outside a specific range (Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 6), a content ratio of saturated matter outside a specific range (Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 4), and a content ratio of aromatic matter outside a specific range (Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 4). Therefore, in each example, (a) it is difficult to stably burn ammonia, and the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) cannot be suppressed. [Industrial Applicability]

[0060] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a novel method for combusting ammonia, which enables stable combustion while suppressing the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) during combustion.

Claims

1. A method of burning ammonia, (a) Ammonia and, (b) Density at 15°C is 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm³ ３ , kinematic viscosity at 30°C is 2,000 to 5,200 mmHg ２ / second, The flash point is 50.0°C to 70.0°C. The cetane index is 49.0 to 65.

0. The saturated hydrocarbon content is 56.0% by volume or more. Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 40.0% by volume or less A base material for ammonia mixing consisting of petroleum-based fractions Mix and burn A method for burning ammonia, characterized by the features described above.

2. The ammonia combustion method according to claim 1, wherein the co-firing rate of ammonia is 10 to 90%.

3. A method for burning ammonia according to claim 1 or 2, wherein (a) ammonia and (b) ammonia mixing base material are supplied separately to the combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine and burned.

4. The density at 15°C is 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm³, The kinematic viscosity at 30°C is 2,000 to 5,200 mm² / second. The flash point is 50.0°C to 70.0°C. The cetane index is 49.0 to 65.

0. The saturated hydrocarbon content is 56.0% by volume or more. Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 40.0% by volume or less It consists of petroleum-based fractions. A substrate for ammonia mixing, characterized by the following features.

5. Ammonia mixed fuel, (a) Ammonia and, (b) Density at 15°C is 0.8000 to 0.8600 g / cm³. The kinematic viscosity at 30°C is 2,000 to 5,200 mm² / second. The flash point is 50.0°C to 70.0°C. The cetane index is 49.0 to 65.

0. The saturated hydrocarbon content is 56.0% by volume or more. Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 40.0% by volume or less A base material for ammonia mixing consisting of petroleum-based fractions Mixed Ammonia-mixed fuel characterized by the following features.

6. The ammonia mixed fuel according to claim 5, wherein the lower heating value of (a) ammonia is 10 to 90% of the sum of the lower heating values ​​of (a) ammonia and (b) ammonia mixing base material.