Adsorption and removal method for effluent in water treatment facility

Abstract

To provide a method for adsorption and removal of effluent in water treatment facilities that can easily and efficiently adsorb and remove a wide variety of substances flowing out of water treatment facilities.SOLUTION: In a method for adsorbing and removing outflow substances at a water treatment facility by adsorbing them onto an adsorption mat, a non-woven fabric layer made of synthetic fibers with an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm is provided, and after being placed on a wire net for 5 minutes after adsorbing for 5 minutes, the adsorption amount of water is 5.0 to 12.5 g / g, the adsorption amount of poly aluminum chloride is 7.0-14.0 g / g, the absorption amount of aluminum sulfate is 8.0-15.5 g / g, the adsorption amount of poly ferric sulfate is 10.0-17.0 g / g, the adsorption amount of polymer flocculant is 7.0-14.5 g / g, the adsorption amount of sulfuric acid is 9.5-17.0 g / g, the adsorption amount of sodium hydroxide is 6.0-14.5 g / g, the adsorption amount of sodium hypochlorite is 5.5-13.5 g / g, the adsorption amount of heavy oil is 3.5-10.5 g / g, and the adsorption amount of sludge is 6.0-12.5 g / g.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from water treatment facilities, and more particularly to a method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from water treatment facilities that can be widely used for various substances that flow out from water treatment facilities. [Background technology]

[0002] There are known absorbent mats that absorb and wipe off various substances such as chemicals, moisture, and oil that flow out from various facilities, etc. Patent Document 1 describes an example of an oil absorbent sheet that is suitable for removing crude oil that has flowed out due to a marine accident, etc., or oils and fats (grease) contained in wastewater from kitchens, food processing plants, etc.

[0003] Many chemical substances are also used in water treatment facilities that handle various types of water, such as water purification plants, sewage treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, and private factories. Chemical substances specific to water treatment facilities are present to a certain extent in water treatment facilities.

[0004] For example, flocculants such as polyaluminum chloride (hereinafter also referred to as "PAC"), aluminum sulfate (hereinafter also referred to as "sulfate band"), and polyferric sulfate (hereinafter also referred to as "polyiron"), which are types of flocculants, are chemical substances used to neutralize the charge of negatively charged colloids to increase the particle size, thereby allowing sludge to settle and be removed. Polymer flocculants, also called "polymers", are chemical substances used to coarsen the flocculated particles after charge neutralization through a cross-linking action, and to promote sludge settling and sludge dewatering. pH adjusters such as sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are chemical substances used to adjust the pH of wastewater to the optimum pH for flocculation by flocculants and polymer flocculants. Disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite are chemical substances used to disinfect microorganisms such as E. coli contained in effluent water. Oils such as heavy oil are chemical substances used as fuel for equipment in water treatment facilities and wastewater treatment facilities.

[0005] Chemical substances can leak out due to various problems when using chemical substances specific to water treatment facilities. For example, when filling a chemical tank with a hand pump, a small amount of liquid may drip from the end of the pump. When performing maintenance on a chemical injection pump, a small amount of liquid may drip from the discharge part. A bottle of chemical substance may be spilled on a desk due to a mistake in work procedures in a laboratory. A chemical tank may crack due to an earthquake, causing the chemical substance to spread all over the floor. As you can see, there are a wide variety of reasons why chemical substances leak into water treatment facilities.

[0006] Potential accidents that may occur when chemical substances leak out include, for example, tripping over a highly viscous polymer flocculant that has been spilled on the floor, chemical burns caused by strong acid or strong alkali pH adjusters such as sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide, the generation of chlorine gas when sodium hypochlorite comes into contact with other acidic solutions, fires caused by the ignition of oil such as heavy oil, infections caused by pathogens derived from sludge, and short circuits in equipment caused by rainwater. When chemical substances leak, they must be wiped up and removed immediately. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] JP 2018-47428 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] When chemical substances are spilled, they are generally wiped up with a rag or cloth. However, the chemical substances used in water treatment facilities are generally high in concentration, and the properties of the chemical substances vary widely, such as hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, so the spilled substances do not necessarily exhibit the same adsorption properties as water. Therefore, commercially available rags and cloths may not be able to provide sufficient adsorption properties.

[0009] In addition to chemical substances, water treatment plants regularly collect sludge and perform sludge analysis in laboratories to manage daily operations, which can lead to sludge spillage during collection. In buildings, the floors can become flooded with rainwater due to typhoons or leaks. In such water treatment plants, various substances that flow out must be quickly adsorbed and removed.

[0010] As described in the above Patent Document 1, various types of adsorption mats specialized for grease adsorption are available on the market. It is usually desirable to select the most suitable adsorption mat from various types according to the target object and adsorb and remove the target object. However, when chemical substances leak in water treatment facilities, etc., it is often an emergency trouble, and in that case, there is no time to select and use the most suitable adsorption mat brand, and it is often desired to use a single brand of adsorption mat quickly to solve the trouble. In addition, in the case of oil adsorption sheets having water repellency as described in Patent Document 1, hydrophilic chemical substances such as PAC and sodium hypochlorite cannot be adsorbed, so they are not effective in adsorbing such chemical substances. Due to such various circumstances, there is a demand for an adsorption method using a highly versatile adsorption mat that can evenly adsorb all kinds of substances that flow out of water treatment facilities.

[0011] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for adsorbing and removing substances effluent from water treatment facilities, which is capable of easily and efficiently adsorbing and removing a wide variety of substances effluent from water treatment facilities. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] As a result of intensive research into solving the above problems, the inventors discovered that it would be useful to utilize an adsorbent mat that has a specific average fiber diameter and exhibits a predetermined adsorption capacity for effluent materials that flow out from water treatment facilities.

[0013] In order to solve the above problems, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for adsorbing and removing effluent from a water treatment facility, in which effluent from the water treatment facility is removed by adsorbing the effluent from the water treatment facility onto an adsorption mat, the method comprising the steps of: providing a nonwoven fabric layer formed of synthetic fibers having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm; and after 5 minutes of adsorption and placing the mat on a wire mesh, the mat has an adsorption amount of water of 5.0 to 12.5 g / g, an adsorption amount of polyaluminum chloride of 7.0 to 14.0 g / g, and an adsorption amount of aluminum sulfate of 8.0 to 1 The method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from a water treatment facility uses an adsorbent mat having an adsorption capacity of 5.5 g / g, an adsorption capacity of 10.0 to 17.0 g / g for polyferric sulfate, an adsorption capacity of 7.0 to 14.5 g / g for polymer coagulant, an adsorption capacity of 9.5 to 17.0 g / g for sulfuric acid, an adsorption capacity of 6.0 to 14.5 g / g for sodium hydroxide, an adsorption capacity of 5.5 to 13.5 g / g for sodium hypochlorite, an adsorption capacity of 3.5 to 10.5 g / g for heavy oil, and an adsorption capacity of 6.0 to 12.5 g / g for sludge.

[0014] In one embodiment, the method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from a water treatment facility according to the present invention comprises adsorbing the substances using an adsorption mat having synthetic fibers with a difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of 1.2 times or more.

[0015] In another embodiment, the method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from a water treatment facility according to the present invention comprises adsorbing the substances onto an adsorbent mat having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more.

[0016] In yet another embodiment of the method for adsorption removal of effluent materials from a water treatment facility according to the present invention, the synthetic fibers are made of polypropylene.

[0017] In yet another embodiment of the method for adsorbing and removing effluent materials from a water treatment facility according to the present invention, 2 , density is 0.5~1.5g / cm 3 Use an adsorption mat.

[0018] In another aspect, the present invention provides an adsorbent mat for use in water treatment facilities that adsorbs and removes substances discharged from water treatment facilities, the adsorbent mat having a nonwoven fabric layer formed of synthetic fibers having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm, and that has, after 5 minutes of adsorption and then being placed on a wire mesh, an adsorption amount of water of 5.0 to 12.5 g / g, an adsorption amount of polyaluminum chloride of 7.0 to 14.0 g / g, an adsorption amount of aluminum sulfate of 8.0 to 15.5 g / g, an adsorption amount of polyferric sulfate of 10.0 to 17.0 g / g, an adsorption amount of polymer coagulant of 7.0 to 14.5 g / g, an adsorption amount of sulfuric acid of 9.5 to 17.0 g / g, an adsorption amount of sodium hydroxide of 6.0 to 14.5 g / g, an adsorption amount of sodium hypochlorite of 5.5 to 13.5 g / g, an adsorption amount of heavy oil of 3.5 to 10.5 g / g, and an adsorption amount of sludge of 6.0 to 12.5 g / g.

[0019] In one embodiment, the adsorbent mat for use in a water treatment facility of the present invention comprises a nonwoven fabric layer formed of synthetic fibers made of polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm, in which the difference between the maximum and minimum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers is 1.2 times or more, and a surface layer formed of polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate that is laminated on the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer and protects the nonwoven fabric layer. Effect of the Invention

[0020] According to the present invention, there can be provided a method for adsorbing and removing substances effluent from water treatment facilities, which is capable of easily and efficiently adsorbing and removing a wide variety of substances effluent from water treatment facilities. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an adsorption mat including a nonwoven fabric layer, a surface layer, and a fixing portion. [Diagram 2] 1 is a photograph of a nonwoven fabric layer of an adsorption mat in which the difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers is 0.8 to less than 1.2 times. [Diagram 3] 1 is a photograph of a nonwoven fabric layer of an adsorption mat in which the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters of the fibers constituting the adsorption mat is 2.0 times or more. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The adsorption mat 1 for water treatment facilities according to the embodiment of the present invention is used as an adsorption mat for adsorbing and removing various substances that flow out of a water treatment facility. Water treatment facilities include, but are not limited to, water treatment facilities (including wastewater treatment facilities and methane gasification facilities) whose main business is water treatment, such as water purification plants, sewage treatment plants, and sewage treatment plants, as well as water treatment facilities that handle various types of water, such as slaughterhouses, farms, food manufacturing plants, chemical manufacturing plants, equipment manufacturing plants, and pharmaceutical manufacturing plants.

[0023] The effluent substances from water treatment facilities that can be adsorbed include water, PAC, aluminum sulfate, polyferric sulfate, sodium aluminate, ammonium alum, potassium alum, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, copper chloride and other coagulants, inorganic polymer coagulants, organic natural polymer coagulants, organic synthetic polymer coagulants and other polymer coagulants, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide and other pH adjusters, sodium hypochlorite, other chlorine-based disinfectants, bromine-based disinfectants and other disinfectants, and oils such as heavy oil A, heavy oil B, heavy oil C, kerosene, and machine oil.

[0024] Other examples include liquid sugar, blackstrap molasses, and other BOD supplying agents, hydrogen donors such as methanol, and liquid nutrients that supply trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals. Water includes tap water, rainwater, well water, service water, and other raw water at water treatment sites (river water, seawater, sewage inflow, human waste, industrial wastewater, and other), and treated water at water treatment sites (settling tank supernatant water, river effluent water, seawater effluent water, and other). Sludge includes aeration tank sludge, excess sludge, return sludge, dewatered sludge, septic tank sludge, and other sludge. Any liquid chemical substance present at a water treatment site can be adsorbed as an effluent substance of the water treatment facility according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The adsorption mat according to the embodiment of the present invention can appropriately adsorb other chemical substances that are not specific to water treatment facilities but are present in various facilities adjacent to the water treatment facility, such as fly ash treatment agents, boiler chemicals, cooling tower chemicals, as well as liquid fertilizer used on farms, edible oil used in food factories, and pharmaceutical raw materials used in pharmaceutical factories, when they leak or flow out.

[0026] The adsorption mat is mainly composed of a nonwoven fabric layer made of fibers. The main component (meaning a component that accounts for 51% or more by weight of the product) of the nonwoven fabric layer constituting the adsorption mat is preferably a synthetic fiber rather than a natural fiber such as cotton. As the synthetic fiber, polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene or polypropylene, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide fibers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, etc. are used. Among them, it is more preferable to use synthetic fibers made of polypropylene as the synthetic fiber. By using synthetic fibers made of polypropylene as the main component of the nonwoven fabric layer, it is possible to particularly efficiently adsorb various types of substances that flow out of water treatment facilities.

[0027] The nonwoven fabric layer preferably further contains inorganic substances such as aluminum, magnesium, and iron as secondary components (less than 51% by weight of the product). The secondary components may further contain the above-mentioned natural or synthetic fibers other than the main components. The secondary components may further contain adsorbent gel, activated carbon, perlite, vermiculite, wood flour, etc., for more efficiently adsorbing effluent materials from water treatment facilities. The nonwoven fabric layer may be subjected to a predetermined process (e.g., coating with a surfactant) to change the surface properties such as hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, acid affinity, alkali affinity, etc.

[0028] The nonwoven fabric layer is preferably a laminate in which a plurality of nonwoven fabrics are laminated. In order to improve the surface strength of the nonwoven fabric layer, a surface layer for protecting the nonwoven fabric layer, which has a strength higher than that of the nonwoven fabric constituting the nonwoven fabric layer, typically harder than that of the nonwoven fabric constituting the nonwoven fabric layer, may be laminated on both outermost layers of the nonwoven fabric layer.

[0029] If the average fiber diameter of the synthetic fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric layer is too large, good adsorption performance may not be obtained for all of the typical effluent substances discharged from water treatment facilities (water, PAC, aluminum sulfate, polyferric, polymer coagulant, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, heavy oil, sludge). In order to efficiently adsorb the effluent substances from water treatment facilities in a short time, the average fiber diameter of the synthetic fibers is preferably 0.5 to 200 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 100 μm, and even more preferably 0.5 to 50 μm.

[0030] The average fiber diameter of the synthetic fibers is determined by extracting five fibers from the layer near the center of the nonwoven fabric layer of the adsorption mat cut to 5 cm x 5 cm, observing the fibers with a tabletop scanning electron microscope (Miniscope (registered trademark) TM3000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation). Typically, five fibers are extracted and the average diameter of each fiber is calculated five times in total, and the average of the five measurements is regarded as the average fiber diameter of the synthetic fibers.

[0031] When the difference between the minimum (minimum diameter) and maximum (maximum diameter) fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers (fiber diameter variation) is small, that is, when the fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric are uniform, it may not be possible to efficiently adsorb the above-mentioned typical effluent substances that flow out of water treatment facilities.

[0032] In order to more efficiently adsorb typical effluent substances discharged from water treatment facilities, the difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers is preferably 1.2 times or more, and more preferably 2.0 times or more, rather than 0.8 times or more and less than 1.2 times. The difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers is determined by finding the difference between the synthetic fiber with the smallest diameter and the synthetic fiber with the largest diameter among the five fibers used in the evaluation of the average fiber diameter of the synthetic fibers described above. Typically, five fibers are extracted and the operation of finding the difference between the maximum and minimum fiber diameters is carried out five times in total, and the average value of the five times is taken as the difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers.

[0033] The thickness of the adsorption mat in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 to 10.0 mm, even more preferably 0.8 to 8.0 mm, and even more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 mm, from the standpoints of strength and ability to safely and efficiently adsorb the ten types of substances typically leached from water treatment facilities.

[0034] If the weight of the adsorption mat is too heavy, the adsorption mat that has adsorbed the effluent from the water treatment facility may become too heavy and may be damaged, whereas if the weight is too light, the adsorption ability of the adsorption mat for the effluent from the water treatment facility may not be sufficient. 2 It is preferable that the thickness is 50 to 600 g / m 2 In this case, the density of the adsorption mat is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm. 3 and preferably 0.7 to 1.2 g / cm 3 The density is measured in accordance with JIS R 7603:1999, Method D (pycnometer method).

[0035] In one embodiment of the adsorbent mat according to the present invention, the adsorption amount of water is 5.0 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of polyaluminum chloride is 7.0 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of aluminum sulfate is 8.0 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of polyferric sulfate is 10.0 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of polymer coagulant is 7.0 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of sulfuric acid is 9.5 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of sodium hydroxide is 6.0 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of sodium hypochlorite is 5.5 g / g or more, the adsorption amount of heavy oil is 3.5 g / g or more, and the adsorption amount of sludge is 6.0 g / g or more.

[0036] Such an adsorbent mat typically has a water adsorption capacity of 5.0 to 12.5 g / g, a polyaluminum chloride adsorption capacity of 7.0 to 14.0 g / g, an aluminum sulfate adsorption capacity of 8.0 to 15.5 g / g, a polyferric sulfate adsorption capacity of 10.0 to 17.0 g / g, a polymer flocculant adsorption capacity of 7.0 to 14.5 g / g, a sulfuric acid adsorption capacity of 9.5 to 17.0 g / g, a sodium hydroxide adsorption capacity of 6.0 to 14.5 g / g, a sodium hypochlorite adsorption capacity of 5.5 to 13.5 g / g, a heavy oil adsorption capacity of 3.5 to 10.5 g / g, and a sludge adsorption capacity of 6.0 to 12.5 g / g.

[0037] In a further embodiment, it is more preferable that the water adsorption amount of the adsorbent mat is 9.5 g / g or more, the polyaluminum chloride adsorption amount is 11.0 g / g or more, the aluminum sulfate adsorption amount is 12.5 g / g or more, the polyferric sulfate adsorption amount is 14.0 g / g or more, the polymer coagulant adsorption amount is 11.5 g / g or more, the sulfuric acid adsorption amount is 14.0 g / g or more, the sodium hydroxide adsorption amount is 11.5 g / g or more, the sodium hypochlorite adsorption amount is 10.5 g / g or more, the heavy oil adsorption amount is 7.5 g / g or more, and the sludge adsorption amount is 9.5 g / g or more.

[0038] Such an adsorbent mat more typically has a water adsorption capacity of 9.5 to 12.5 g / g, a polyaluminum chloride adsorption capacity of 11.0 to 14.0 g / g, an aluminum sulfate adsorption capacity of 12.5 to 15.5 g / g, a polyferric sulfate adsorption capacity of 14.0 to 17.0 g / g, a polymer flocculant adsorption capacity of 11.5 to 14.5 g / g, a sulfuric acid adsorption capacity of 14.0 to 17.0 g / g, a sodium hydroxide adsorption capacity of 11.5 to 14.5 g / g, a sodium hypochlorite adsorption capacity of 10.5 to 13.5 g / g, a heavy oil adsorption capacity of 7.5 to 10.5 g / g, and a sludge adsorption capacity of 9.5 to 12.5 g / g.

[0039] By placing such an adsorption mat in an appropriate location within a water treatment facility, and when effluent materials occur, the effluent materials can be absorbed by the adsorption mat and wiped away, thereby efficiently removing effluent materials from the water treatment facility.

[0040] In this embodiment, the amount of adsorption is measured by contacting the substance to be measured with the adsorption mat at room temperature (20°C), allowing the substance to be measured to be adsorbed onto the adsorption mat for 5 minutes, and then measuring the relationship between the weight of the adsorption mat after it is placed on a wire mesh for 5 minutes and the weight of the adsorption mat before the adsorption process.

[0041] The measurement of the adsorption amount may have an error of up to about ±3.0 g / g depending on the object to be adsorbed. However, even if the measurement error is taken into consideration, it is preferable to use an adsorption mat with a water adsorption amount of 6.5 to 12.5 g / g, a polyaluminum chloride adsorption amount of 8.0 to 14.0 g / g, an aluminum sulfate adsorption amount of 8.0 to 15.5 g / g, a polyferric sulfate adsorption amount of 10.0 to 17.0 g / g or more, a polymer flocculant adsorption amount of 8.5 to 14.5 g / g, a sulfuric acid adsorption amount of 11.0 to 17.0 g / g, a sodium hydroxide adsorption amount of 6.0 to 14.5 g / g, a sodium hypochlorite adsorption amount of 5.5 to 13.5 g / g, a heavy oil adsorption amount of 3.5 to 10.5 g / g, and a sludge adsorption amount of 6.0 to 12.5 g / g.

[0042] The adsorption amount of water is more typically 6.6 to 12.4 g / g, and even more typically 6.7 to 12.3 g / g. The adsorption amount of polyaluminum chloride is more typically 8.1 to 13.9 g / g, and even more typically 8.2 to 13.8 g / g. The adsorption amount of aluminum sulfate is more typically 9.6 to 15.4 g / g, and even more typically 9.7 to 15.3 g / g. The adsorption amount of polyferric sulfate is more typically 11.1 to 16.9 g / g, and even more typically 11.2 to 16.8 g / g. The adsorption amount of polymer flocculant is more typically 8.6 to 14.4 g / g, and even more typically 8.7 to 14.3 g / g. The adsorption amount of sulfuric acid is more typically 11.1 to 16.9 g / g, and even more typically 11.2 to 16.8 g / g. The adsorption amount of sodium hydroxide is more typically 8.6 to 14.4 g / g, and even more typically 8.7 to 14.3 g / g. The adsorption amount of sodium hypochlorite is more typically 7.6 to 13.4 g / g, and even more typically 7.7 to 13.3 g / g. The adsorption amount of heavy oil is more typically 4.6 to 10.4 g / g, and even more typically 4.7 to 10.3 g / g. The adsorption amount of sludge is more typically 6.6 to 12.4 g / g, and even more typically 6.7 to 12.3 g / g.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, for example, the synthetic fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric layer are made of polypropylene, have an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 50 μm, and have a fiber diameter variation of 2.0 times or more, and an adsorption mat that adsorbs 9.55 g of water, 11.40 g of PAC, 12.77 g of aluminum sulfate, 14.07 g of polyferric iron, 11.99 g of polymer coagulant, 14.36 g of sulfuric acid, 11.83 g of sodium hydroxide, 10.69 g of sodium hypochlorite, 7.85 g of heavy oil, and 9.66 g of sludge per 1 g of adsorption mat is used, so that various substances that flow out of a water treatment facility can be quickly adsorbed and removed with one adsorption mat. This makes it unnecessary to search around for an adsorption mat suitable for the effluent substance even in the event of an emergency trouble caused by a substance leak. As a result, it becomes possible to easily and efficiently adsorb and remove various types of substances that flow out of a water treatment facility with one adsorption mat.

[0044] As a method for removing substances escaping from a water treatment facility by adsorbing them on an adsorption mat, for example, when the effluent is spilled on a floor, the adsorption mat according to the embodiment of the present invention is used to cover the effluent and then wipe it off with the adsorption mat. In addition, there are a method of temporarily walking on the adsorption mat after covering the effluent with the adsorption mat, a method of stacking or rolling up the adsorption mats to use as a liquid barrier when a large amount of material is spilled on the floor, and a method of rolling up the adsorption mat and packing it into a pipe to prevent leakage into a drain pipe. In addition, the adsorption mat can be used as a method of wiping off dripping liquid from a chemical container, a method of using it as a pad for a chemical container such as a drum can, a method of preventing rainwater from entering through gaps in doors and windows, and the like. When the concentration of the effluent is high and the adsorption work is dangerous, the effluent may be diluted with a solvent such as water to make it harmless before being adsorbed. In addition, the spilt substances may be diluted with a solvent such as a chemical to make them harmless before being adsorbed, for example, with an oil dispersant in the case of heavy oil adsorption, with a viscosity reducer in the case of polymer adsorption, or with a neutralizing agent in the case of acid / alkali adsorption.

[0045] (product) The shape of the suction mat product is not particularly limited. For example, the suction mat product may be a product in which a plurality of suction mats according to the embodiment of the present invention, each formed into a rectangular shape of a predetermined size (for example, about 40 cm x 50 cm), are packed in a storage bag or a storage box. Alternatively, the suction mat product may be a product in which a strip-shaped suction mat, which has been processed so that it can be cut at predetermined lengths along perforations, is wound into a roll, which is stored in a storage box, and the suction mat can be pulled out by the desired length from the opening of the storage box for use. Alternatively, the suction mat product according to the embodiment of the present invention may be processed into a tube shape.

[0046] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, an adsorption mat 1 for water treatment facilities obtained by forming the adsorption mat according to this embodiment into a rectangular shape is preferably an adsorption mat 1 for water treatment facilities comprising a nonwoven fabric layer 11 and a surface layer 10 laminated on one or both surfaces of the nonwoven fabric layer 11, and a fixing part 12 for fixing the nonwoven fabric layer 11 and the surface layer 10. The nonwoven fabric layer 11 is formed of synthetic fibers made of polypropylene or polyethylene terephthalate having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm, and it is preferable that the difference between the minimum diameter and the maximum diameter of the synthetic fiber is 1.2 times or more. The surface layer 10 may be made of the same material as the nonwoven fabric layer 11 or a different material, but is preferably formed harder than the nonwoven fabric layer in order to appropriately protect the nonwoven fabric layer 11 while improving its strength.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described by the above embodiment, the description and drawings forming a part of this disclosure should not be understood as limiting the present invention. The present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment, and the components can be combined and modified to be embodied without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. EXAMPLES

[0048] Examples of the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples. These examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and its advantages, and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0049] Example 1 The material of the nonwoven fabric layer, which is the main component of the adsorption mat, was investigated. The effluent materials from water treatment facilities to be adsorbed were products with concentrations that are commonly used at water treatment facilities. Specifically, PAC had an aluminum oxide concentration of 10-11 wt%, aluminum sulfate had an aluminum oxide concentration of 8.0-8.2 wt%, polyferric sulfate had a total iron concentration of 11 wt% or more, the polymer flocculant was an organic synthetic polymer flocculant liquid concentrate, sulfuric acid was 60 wt%, sodium hydroxide was 20 wt%, sodium hypochlorite had 12% available chlorine, and the heavy oil was a concentrate of heavy oil A. The sludge used was aeration tank sludge from a food factory. Pure water was used for the experiment.

[0050] Three types of adsorption mats with nonwoven fabric layers made of natural fibers (cotton), polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene were prepared. The average fiber diameter of all materials was between 0.5 and 50 μm, and the difference between the minimum value (minimum diameter) and the maximum value (maximum diameter) of the fiber diameter was 2.0 times or more. The weight of the adsorption mat cut into 5 cm x 5 cm (weight before adsorption) was measured, and after immersing it in a specified chemical substance at room temperature (20 ° C) and leaving it for 5 minutes (after adsorption), the adsorption mat was left on a mesh woven wire net for 5 minutes to drain the water, and the weight of the adsorption mat (weight after adsorption) was measured. Based on the weight before and after substance adsorption, the amount of adsorption of each substance per 1 g of the adsorption mat was calculated and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0051] [Table 1]

[0052] Table 1 shows that synthetic fibers adsorb more per unit weight than the natural fiber cotton, and furthermore, among synthetic fibers, polypropylene adsorbs more of each substance than polyethylene terephthalate.

[0053] Example 2 The average fiber diameter of the adsorption mat was examined. Fibers were taken out from the nonwoven fabric layer of the adsorption mat, which was mainly composed of polypropylene, and observed using a tabletop scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Miniscope (registered trademark) TM3000), and the average fiber diameter (diameter) of five fibers was calculated. Adsorption tests were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 for adsorption mats with average fiber diameters of 0.5 to 50 μm, 50 to 200 μm, and 200 to 1,000 μm. In addition, for all materials, the difference between the minimum value (minimum diameter) and the maximum value (maximum diameter) of the fiber diameter was 2.0 times or more. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] [Table 2]

[0055] From Table 2, it was found that adsorption performance is higher for adsorption mats with an average fiber diameter of 50 to 200 μm than for adsorption mats with an average fiber diameter of 200 to 1,000 μm, and that adsorption performance is even higher for adsorption mats with an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 50 μm. From Table 2, it is believed that using fine fibers with a small average fiber diameter can demonstrate high adsorption performance against chemical substances due to capillary phenomenon, etc.

[0056] Example 3 The variation in fiber diameter of the adsorption mat was examined. Adsorption mats with an average fiber diameter of about 20 μm were prepared, and three types of adsorption mats were prepared in which the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters of the five fibers used for the evaluation of the average fiber diameter was 0.8 times or more and less than 1.2 times, 1.2 times or more and less than 2.0 times, and 2.0 times or more. For example, if the minimum diameter of the fiber extracted from the adsorption mat is 19 μm and the maximum diameter is 21 μm, the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters is about 1.1 times, so it is in the range of 0.8 times or more and less than 1.2 times, if the minimum diameter is 15 μm and the maximum diameter is 25 μm, the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters is about 1.7 times, so it is in the range of 1.2 times or more and less than 2.0 times, and if the minimum diameter is 14 μm and the maximum diameter is 30 μm, the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters is about 2.1 times, so it is 2.0 times or more. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0057] [Table 3]

[0058] From Table 3, it can be seen that the adsorption performance is higher when the difference between the minimum and maximum diameters of synthetic fibers is between 1.2 and 2.0 than when it is between 0.8 and 1.2, and the adsorption performance is even higher when it is 2.0 or more. From this, it is thought that fibers with a large variation in fiber diameter are more suitable for adsorbing effluent materials at water treatment sites than fibers with a uniform fiber diameter.

[0059] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an adsorption mat 1 having a nonwoven fabric layer 11, a surface layer 10, and a fixing part 12. FIG. 2 shows an example of a photograph of the nonwoven fabric layer 11 of an adsorption mat 1 in which the difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers is 0.8 times or more and less than 1.2 times. FIG. 3 shows an example of a photograph of the nonwoven fabric layer 11 of an adsorption mat 1 in which the difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters is 2.0 times or more. Both of the photographs in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are the results of fiber observation of the nonwoven fabric layer 11 using a tabletop scanning electron microscope (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Miniscope (registered trademark) TM3000) (magnification: 200 times). The principle of adsorption of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric layer 11 involves not only simple capillary action, but also the presence of voids between fibers and the evaporation of the adsorbed substance, so it is speculated that the variation in fiber diameter may have influenced the factors that improve the adsorption and removal performance. [Explanation of symbols]

[0060] 1. Absorption mat for water treatment facilities 10…Surface layer 11...Nonwoven fabric layer 12...Fixed part

Claims

1. A method for adsorbing and removing effluent materials from a water treatment facility, in which effluent materials from a water treatment facility are removed by adsorbing them onto an adsorption mat, is provided, which comprises a nonwoven fabric layer formed of synthetic fibers having an average fiber diameter of 0.5 to 200 μm, and after 5 minutes of adsorption and placing the mat on a wire net, the amount of water adsorbed is 5.0 to 12.5 g / g, the amount of polyaluminum chloride adsorbed is 7.0 to 14.0 g / g, the amount of aluminum sulfate adsorbed is 8.0 to 15.5 g / g, and the amount of polyferric sulfate adsorbed is 10.0 to 12.5 g / g. a polymer flocculant adsorption capacity of 7.0 to 14.5 g / g; sulfuric acid adsorption capacity of 9.5 to 17.0 g / g; sodium hydroxide adsorption capacity of 6.0 to 14.5 g / g; sodium hypochlorite adsorption capacity of 5.5 to 13.5 g / g; heavy oil adsorption capacity of 3.5 to 10.5 g / g; and sludge adsorption capacity of 6.0 to 12.5 g / g.

2. 2. The method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from a water treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising adsorbing the substances using the adsorption mat in which the difference between the minimum and maximum fiber diameters of the synthetic fibers is 1.2 times or more.

3. 3. The method for adsorbing and removing effluent substances from a water treatment facility according to claim 1 or 2, comprising adsorbing the substances onto the adsorption mat having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more.

4. 3. The method for adsorbing and removing effluent materials from a water treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic fibers are made of polypropylene.

5. Weight per unit area: 30 to 900 g / m 2 , density is 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm 3 3. The method for adsorbing and removing effluent materials from a water treatment facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adsorption mat is of the above formula (1).

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