Building structure

Abstract

To provide a resource-saving building structure that has excellent stability, does not require foundation work such as installation of underground piles or underground beams, which are necessary in all building structures such as reinforced concrete, steel, and wooden structures, can be easily constructed on site, and can be easily dismantled.SOLUTION: A building structure A according to the present invention is integrally constructed with a surface structure 1 standing on the ground surface and an underground structure 2 located in the soil. The underground structure has a depth in the soil of 10-20% of a height of the surface structure. The surface structure and the underground structure are constructed by connecting steel plate members including steel plate members curved in a longitudinal direction. The interior of the underground structure is filled with a filler material 3 having an overall specific gravity of 1 or less. An upper surface of the filler material is a floor surface 4 of the surface structure. No underground foundation pile or underground beam that is connected to the underground structure is provided below the underground structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an architectural structure in which a surface structure and an underground structure are integrated, and in particular to an architectural structure that does not require underground piles or beams. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been known inventions described in the following patent documents regarding architectural structures in which an upper structure on the ground surface and a lower structure underground are integrated.

[0003] The following Patent Document 1 shows a spherical building consisting of an upper structure erected on the ground surface and a lower structure located underground in Fig. 1. The spherical building is composed of a spherical shell structure in which an arc-shaped intermediate panel 1, which is formed by dividing a sphere along latitude and longitude, a cup-shaped top panel 2 at the upper end, and a lower foundation panel 3 at the lower end are integrally fastened and joined together, and it is shown that the spherical shell structure is supported by buoyancy due to earth pressure acting on the structure by being buried in the ground, eliminating the need for large-scale foundation structures and piles that rely solely on the bearing capacity of the ground.

[0004] Patent Document 2 shows a building constructed from a foundation 3 buried in the ground and a main body 1 formed into a spherical shape (arch shape) continuing from the foundation 3. The foundation is formed into a flat plate so that the bottom surface is in an inverted T shape, and it is shown that the application of earth pressure to the flat surface improves the stability of the surroundings of the building.

[0005] Patent Document 3 shows a modular building in which the bottom of a cylindrical building is buried in the ground and the upper part above the ground is used as a living space in Fig. 12. As a method for fixing the cylindrical building, Fig. 11 shows that a pawl 73 made of a concrete block is buried, and the ring 1 of the building is engaged with the arc-shaped engagement groove 75 of the pawl 73, and the cylindrical building is supported by the arc-shaped support surface 74 of the pawl 73, thereby installing the cylindrical building. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 4-27345 [Patent Document 2] JP 2012-26154 A [Patent Document 3] Special Publication No. 52-49647 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, the spherical building of Patent Document 1 requires various materials to construct a spherical shell structure, such as an arc-shaped intermediate panel 1 obtained by dividing a sphere along latitude and longitude, a top bowl-shaped panel 2, and a lower foundation panel 3. In addition, since the element is the arc-shaped intermediate panel 1 obtained by dividing a sphere along latitude and longitude, the spherical building is literally spherical in shape.

[0008] The building in Patent Document 2 has a foundation 3 and a main body 1 constructed from reinforced concrete, so the construction method is the same as for a normal reinforced concrete building, and requires foundation work such as setting rebar and pouring concrete. Therefore, demolition is not easy.

[0009] The modular building of Patent Document 3 is constructed simply by digging a shallow hole into the ground surface and installing it there, so it is easy to build and easy to move once installed, but it lacks stability.

[0010] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an architectural structure that is highly stable, does not require foundation work that has been required for all architectural structures such as reinforced concrete, steel structures, and wood structures, and is easy to construct on site and also easy to dismantle. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The architectural structure according to the present invention comprises: The structure is composed of a surface structure erected on the ground surface and an underground structure located underground, the depth of the underground structure located underground being 10 to 20% of the height of the surface structure, the surface structure and the underground structure being constructed as a single unit by connecting steel plate members including steel plate members curved in the longitudinal direction, the underground structure being filled with a filler material having an overall specific gravity of 1 or less, the upper surface of the filler material being the floor surface of the surface structure, and no underground foundation piles or underground beams, which are required in all architectural structures such as reinforced concrete, steel frame construction, or wood construction, are provided below the underground structure.

[0012] The steel plate members constituting the underground structure may be 10 to 20% thicker than the steel plate members constituting the surface structure. Effect of the Invention

[0013] The architectural structure according to the present invention has excellent stability because the depth of the underground structure in the ground is 10 to 20% of the height of the surface structure, and the underground structure is filled with a filler having an overall specific gravity of 1 or less. Also, the architectural structure according to the present invention is constructed as a whole by connecting steel plate members including a steel plate member curved in the longitudinal direction, and no foundation piles or beams are provided below the underground structure to be connected to the underground structure. This eliminates the need for foundation work as in all architectural structures such as reinforced concrete, steel frame construction, and wood construction, and all that is required is to excavate a hole to house the underground structure and connect the steel plate members, making it easy to construct and dismantle on site.

[0014] Furthermore, if the steel plate members constituting the underground structure are 10 to 20% thicker than the steel plate members constituting the surface structure, the stability is further improved.

[0015] In this way, the architectural structure of the present invention can be constructed using less steel material, i.e., resource-saving architectural structures, which in turn contribute to reducing CO2 emissions and embody construction technology that is highly compatible with the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] The following figures are all diagrams of embodiments according to the present invention. [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a front view of the architectural structure according to the present embodiment, in which the dashed lines indicate the buried underground structure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a rear view of the architectural structure according to the present embodiment, with the dashed lines indicating the buried underground structure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a side view of the architectural structure according to the present embodiment, in which the dashed lines indicate the buried underground structure. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the architectural structure according to the present embodiment as viewed from the front side. [Diagram 5] 1 is a design drawing of the architectural structure according to this embodiment, viewed from the front side. [Figure 6] 1 is a design drawing of the architectural structure according to this embodiment, seen from the side. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a shape of a steel plate member curved in the longitudinal direction. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a steel plate member linear in the longitudinal direction. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which steel plate members curved in the longitudinal direction are connected in the width direction. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a state in which steel plate members curved in the longitudinal direction are connected in the longitudinal direction. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of an architectural structure partially illustrating a state in which longitudinally curved steel plate members are connected in the width and length directions in the architectural structure. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which steel plate members that are linear in the length direction are connected in the width direction. [Figure 13]FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which longitudinally linear steel plate members are connected in the longitudinal direction. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of an architectural structure partially illustrating a state in which linear steel plate members are connected in the width and length directions to construct the architectural structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. EXAMPLES

[0018] The present inventor previously invented the building of Patent No. 7049699, and the building materials used in that building are used as an example of the steel plate members to be used in the present invention.

[0019] 1 to 6 show an architectural structure A in this embodiment, which is composed of a surface structure 1 erected on the ground surface B and an underground structure 2 located underground as shown by the dashed line.

[0020] The architectural structure A is an arch-shaped building as a whole, as shown in each figure, and as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the surface structure 1 erected on the ground is 12 m high from the ground surface, and the underground structure 2 located underground is 2 m deep from the ground surface. In addition, the frontage is 25 m, and the depth is 30 m.

[0021] Regarding the relationship between the height of the surface structure and the depth of the underground structure, the depth of the underground structure is desirably 10% or more of the height of the surface structure to maintain stability, and is desirably 20% or less of the height of the surface structure in consideration of materials such as steel plate members and workability. In this embodiment, the depth of 2 m of the underground structure 2 is designed to be 16.6% of the height of 12 m of the surface structure 1. The underground structure 2 may be buried underground, i.e., in the soil, by digging into the ground as in this embodiment, or may be located underground by piling up soil around the underground structure 2.

[0022] To maintain stability, the underground structure 2 is filled with a filler 3 such as soil, gravel, stone or polystyrene foam, and the total weight is based on the sum of the weight of the main structure (the weight of the surface structure and the underground structure) and the filler 3. Taking weight balance into consideration, it is desirable for the specific gravity of the filler 3 to be 1 or less for safety reasons, i.e. to eliminate the risk of it sinking into the ground. If the specific gravity of the filler 3 is 2 or more, there is a risk that the underground structure 2 will sink into the ground.

[0023] When the ratio of "weight of surface structure" to "weight of underground structure + weight of filling material" is specified to be 0.9 or more and 1 or less, the "weight of surface structure" is designed to be the same as "weight of underground structure + weight of filling material" or to be lighter up to 10%, so that the surface structure is stable. Also, since the "weight of underground structure + weight of filling material" is designed to be the same as "weight of surface structure" or to be heavier up to 10%, the "weight of underground structure + weight of filling material" is not unnecessarily heavy, so the amount of construction materials can be reduced, the amount of work is reduced, and construction costs are reduced.

[0024] The upper surface of the filling material 3 filled in the underground structure 2 becomes the floor surface 4, and materials such as plywood and concrete panels are laid on the floor surface 4 to form the floor.

[0025] By configuring as described above, there is no need for underground foundation piles and underground beams connected to the underground structure 2 below the underground structure 2, and the underground structure 2 is positioned stably in the ground.

[0026] The surface structure 1 and the underground structure 2 are integrally constructed by connecting steel plate members, including a steel plate member curved in the longitudinal direction. The steel plate members will be described below.

[0027] Reference numeral 10 in Fig. 7 denotes a curved steel plate member that is curved in the length direction, and reference numeral 20 in Fig. 8 denotes a straight steel plate member that is straight in the length direction. The curved steel plate member 10 and the straight steel plate member 20 have a thickness of 3 mm or more and form two periods of curved waveforms in the width direction. Each of the curved steel plate member 10 and the straight steel plate member 20 has several bolt connection holes formed in the length direction at the peaks and valleys.

[0028] FIG. 9 shows a curved steel plate member 10A and a curved steel plate member 10B connected thereto in the width direction as a specific example of a method for connecting curved steel plate members 10. As shown in the figure, the curved steel plate member 10A and the curved steel plate member 10B are connected in the width direction by fastening with bolts. FIG. 10 shows a curved steel plate member 10B and a curved steel plate member 10C connected thereto in the length direction as a specific example of a method for connecting curved steel plate members 10. As shown in the figure, the curved steel plate member 10B and the curved steel plate member 10C are connected in the length direction by fastening with bolts. FIG. 11 shows an example in which the curved steel plate member 10 connected and fixed in this way is arranged in a curved portion from a wall surface to a roof surface of an architectural structure. This curved steel plate member 10 is used on a curved surface of an architectural structure.

[0029] FIG. 12 shows a straight steel plate member 20A and a straight steel plate member 20B connected thereto in the width direction as a specific example of a method for connecting straight steel plate members 20. The straight steel plate member 20A and the straight steel plate member 20B are connected in the width direction by fastening with bolts as shown in the figure. FIG. 13 shows a straight steel plate member 20A and a straight steel plate member 20C connected thereto in the length direction as a specific example of a method for connecting straight steel plate members 20. The straight steel plate member 20A and the straight steel plate member 20C are connected in the length direction by fastening with bolts as shown in the figure. FIG. 14 shows an example in which the straight steel plate member 20 connected and fixed in this way is arranged on the wall surface of an architectural structure. As in this example, the straight steel plate member 20 is used on a flat surface in an architectural structure.

[0030] In addition, a cushioning synthetic resin gasket liner may be sandwiched between the overlapping parts of the curved steel plate members 10 or between the straight steel plate members 20, or between the overlapping parts of the curved steel plate members 10 and straight steel plate members 20, and fastened with bolts to eliminate gaps, prevent water leakage, vibration, and prevent the bolts from coming loose.

[0031] It is preferable that the steel plate members constituting the underground structure 2 are 10 to 20% thicker than the steel plate members constituting the surface structure 1, since this improves the load-bearing capacity.

[0032] Using the above-mentioned steel plate members, first, a hole for the underground structure 2 to be placed in is formed based on the design, and the steel plate members are carried into the hole and attached along the wall surface of the hole while connecting the steel plate members in the width direction and length direction in the above-mentioned manner to form the underground structure 2. Then, when the steel plate members forming the underground structure 2 reach the ground surface, a filler material 3 is poured into the underground structure 2. Thereafter, the surface structure 1 is formed while connecting further steel plate members to the steel plate members that formed the underground structure 2 based on the design, and the arch-shaped architectural structure A shown in Figs. 1 to 6 is constructed.

[0033] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, this embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. This embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. This embodiment and its modifications are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims, as well as in the scope and gist of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] A...Architectural structure 1...Ground structure 2...Underground structure 3...Filling material 4. Floor surface 10....Curved steel plate member 10A, 10B, 10C... Curved steel plate members 20...Straight steel plate member 20A, 20B, 20C: Straight steel plate members

Claims

1. It is composed of a surface structure that is erected on the ground surface and an underground structure that is located underground. The underground structure is located in the ground at a depth of 10 to 20% of the height of the surface structure, The surface structure and the underground structure are integrally constructed by connecting steel plate members including a steel plate member curved in the longitudinal direction, The interior of the underground structure is filled with a filler having an overall specific gravity of 1 or less, and an upper surface of the filler becomes a floor surface of the surface structure, The underground structure does not have any foundation piles or beams below ground, which are necessary for all building structures such as reinforced concrete, steel frame, and wood structures. An architectural structure characterized by:

2. The steel plate members constituting the underground structure are 10 to 20% thicker than the steel plate members constituting the surface structure.

2. The architectural structure according to claim 1 .

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