Thin film interference pigments with coating of nanoparticles

Abstract

To provide an article that can exhibit increased chromaticity as compared to a thin film interference pigment alone, and methods of making the article.SOLUTION: The present invention provides an article that includes: a thin film interference pigment; and a coating including a selectively absorbing nanoparticle, disposed on the thin film interference pigment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (Related Applications) This application is a continuation of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 966,391, filed January 27, 2020. and benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 813,483, filed March 4, 2019. The benefit of this application is claimed, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. (Technical field)

[0002] The present disclosure generally includes thin film interference pigments and coatings that include selectively absorbing nanoparticles. The article may exhibit increased chromaticity as compared to the thin film interference pigment alone. Also disclosed is a method of making the article. [Background technology]

[0003] Fabry-Perot stacks exhibit colors that depend primarily on the thickness of the dielectric layers in the structure. Moreover, the thickness of the dielectric layer limits the range of colors that can be produced.

[0004] One way to manipulate the colors produced is by using inks or It is possible to add colorants to the paint vehicle. However, the colorants and the Fabry-Perot laminate structure Blending with a structure allows for colorant variability such as colorant concentration, colorant size, and colorant distribution. Therefore, it can be difficult to formulate to achieve the desired final color. The blending of colorants with the Fabry-Perot stack is difficult to reproduce from batch to batch There may be cases like this.

[0005] Another problem with blends is that light scattering is an issue, especially when dispersing large amounts of colorant particles. When ink or paint is made by mixing two materials, the scattering of light increases significantly, so the scattering effects interfere with each other. In addition, the colorant absorption pigments typically used in blends have large particle sizes and large particle sizes. The molecules may also increase the scattering of light since they can each scatter light independently. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0006] Features of the present disclosure are illustrated, but not limited, in the following figures: In the drawings, like numbers refer to like elements. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows the percent reflectance of gold pigment (pre-flake) alone, Sample C (green spot) and Sample A (high green saturation). [Diagram 2] This is a graph showing the hue of the sample in Figure 1 using a* and b* graphs. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 shows low and high angle reflectance plots of thin film interference pigments. [Figure 4] 1 is a reflectance plot of a thin film interference pigment at various angles from low to high angles. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 shows thin film interference pigments with color travel from green to purple. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 shows thin film interference pigments with color travel from magenta to green. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In one embodiment, a thin film interference pigment and a coating comprising selectively absorbing nanoparticles on the thin film interference pigment are provided. and

[0008] In another aspect, the method includes providing a thin film interference pigment and integrating the thin film interference pigment with selectively absorbing nanoparticles. and b. coating the article with a dye.

[0009] Additional features and advantages of various embodiments are set forth in part in the description that follows and in part in the description. These and other aspects of the present invention will be apparent from or may be learned by practice of various embodiments. The objectives and other advantages of the embodiments are realized as a result of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the description herein. This will be realized and achieved through collaboration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] For simplicity and illustrative purposes, the present disclosure will be described mainly by reference to examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be practiced without limitation to these specific details. In other instances, some of the above may be omitted in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure. The method and structure of the method are not described in detail.

[0011] Additionally, the elements shown in the accompanying figures may include additional components and may be modified as described in those figures. Some of the components shown may be omitted and / or modified without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, elements shown in the figures may not be drawn to scale. and therefore elements may be of different sizes and / or configurations than those shown in the figures. may have:

[0012] Both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only. It should be understood that the present disclosure is intended to provide a description of various embodiments of the present teachings. Disclosed herein in its wide and diverse embodiments are articles, as well as methods for making the articles. The method of making and using the

[0013] The present disclosure provides a method for manipulating the reflectance of pigments to improve chromaticity and / or improve the reflectivity of the pigments (both vertical and tilted) The material is coated (both in the outer shell and outer shell) with selectively absorbing nanoparticles that can create colors not possible with pigments alone. The present invention also describes articles containing pigments, such as coated thin film interference pigments. The method is cost-effective and allows for high throughput of higher performance special effect pigments, including high chroma pigments. may be provided.

[0014] In one embodiment, the pigment is selected from a range of reflective and non-reflective materials depending on the desired optical properties of the resulting pigment. The core material may be selected from transparent materials, translucent materials and transparent materials.

[0015] The pigment may be metallic, non-metallic, or a metal alloy. In one example, the pigment material is The material may include any material that has reflective properties in a desired spectral range. Reflective materials are any material with a reflectance in the range of 5% to 100% over a wide range of wavelengths. Examples of reflective materials include Aluminum is one example of a pigment that has good adhesion, is inexpensive, and is easy to form and deposit in thin layers. Non-limiting examples of reflective opaque materials that may be used include aluminum, copper, silver, gold, platinum, and pala. containing these or other metals, including tungsten, nickel, cobalt, niobium, chromium, tin, and iron In one embodiment, the pigment material is a white In other examples, the pigments may be transition and lanthanide metals and and combinations thereof, as well as metal carbides, metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides and and combinations thereof, or metals and mixtures of one or more of these materials. In one embodiment, the pigment is selected from the group consisting of glass, silica, titania, alumina, A transparent or translucent material selected from natural mica, synthetic mica, and bismuth oxychloride. In another embodiment, the pigment may include a material selected from silicon, germanium, and molybdenum. The metalloid materials may include those mentioned above.

[0016] In another embodiment, the pigment, such as a thin film interference pigment, is coated with a reflector layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorber layer, etc. The pigment may be any special effect pigment, including pigments that optionally include a magnetic layer. Non-limiting examples of such materials include Viavi Solutions, Inc. (California) SPECTRAFLAIR®, CHR available from Includes OMAFLAIR(R), OVP, SecureShift and OVMP can be.

[0017] Pigments, such as thin film interference pigments, can be coated with selectively absorbing nanoparticles. , any undesirable high or low angle reflections from the reflectance spectrum of pigments such as thin film interference pigments. The unwanted colors can be absorbed selectively by the color travel path of the thin film interference pigment. , and may be located between different desired colors. In addition, the nanoparticles may be positioned along different viewing angles. Finally, the nanoparticles can be used to modify the desired color of the article at the desired wavelengths. The color shift of pigments, such as thin film interference pigments, can be modified to shift from 0.1 to higher wavelengths.

[0018] Selectively absorbing nanoparticles can be colored and / or function as color filters Selectively absorbing nanoparticles include pigments, dyes, metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, metal carbides, and metal sulfides. The nanoparticles may be selected from metal oxides, metal nitrides, and combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of absorbing nanoparticles include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide. tungsten, iron(II,III) oxide, zirconium dioxide, indium tin oxide, CeO2 , zinc nitride, gold, silver, carbon black, iron oxide, mixed metal oxides, zinc sulfide, iron sulfide, Copper sulfide, perylene, perinone, quinacridone, quinacridonequinone, anthrapyrimidine , anthraquinone, anthanthron, benzimidazolone, disazo condensate, azo, quino throne, xanthene, azomethine, quinophthalone, indanthrone, phthalocyanine, trifluoroacetate Allyl carbonium, dioxazine, aminoanthraquinone, isoindoline, diketopy Loropyrrole, thioindigo, thiazineindigo, isoindoline, isoindolinone, Pyranthrone, isoviolanthrone, myosimethane, triarylmethane and mixtures thereof In one aspect, the selectively absorbing nanoparticles can be electrically charged.

[0019] In particular, the coating may include selectively absorbing nanoparticles in a suitable matrix. The coating includes a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles, some of which may be colored. Another portion of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles may not be colored. The coating is made of multiple selectively absorbing nanoparticles, all of which are the same color. In another aspect, the coating may include a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles of different colors. It may contain nanoparticles.

[0020] The selective absorption nanoparticles present in the coating are the material of the nanoparticles, the average particle size of the nanoparticles The concentration (volume %) of nanoparticles in the coating may be the same, but different. In one embodiment, the coating comprises a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles that are different from each other. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above variables can be adjusted to achieve the desired results, including the desired lightness and saturation. For example, one skilled in the art may realize an article having a color that is weakly colored in the coating. Selecting nanoparticles with a large average particle size at a high concentration results in articles with high color saturation. Additionally and / or alternatively, one skilled in the art may use a method for achieving the desired color during coating. At moderate concentrations, highly colored but small average particle size nanoparticles can be selected, This achieves a resulting color in the article that has high chroma even when applied to a wide range of colors.

[0021] The selectively absorbing nanoparticles have an average particle size in the range of less than about 300 nm, for example, from about 2 nm to about 1 00 nm, for example, about 4 nm to about 95 nm, further for example, about 6 nm to about 90 nm The average particle size can affect the color saturation of the resulting article. For example, a larger average particle size allows an article to achieve color saturation faster, i.e., with less material. As a result, the intensity and / or saturation of the resulting color of the article may be increased.

[0022] The concentration of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles also affects the color intensity and / or chromaticity of the resulting article. The selectively absorbing nanoparticles may affect the degree of absorption of the nanoparticles. %, and as a further example, in an amount greater than about 70% by volume. For example, a coating having more than about 70% by volume of selectively absorbing nanoparticles can be obtained by about 65% by volume. % selectively absorbing nanoparticles. As a further example, the color intensity of the article may be increased by a high concentration of selective absorption in the coating. Increased by nanoparticles.

[0023] The coating of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles can be a single layer or multiple layers. The disclosed article is a thin film interferometer having a coating with multiple layers of selectively absorbing nanoparticles. The layer may include a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles, each of which may include a different interferometric pigment. The use of multiple layers can also increase the color saturation of the article.

[0024] The selectively absorbing nanoparticle coatings can be applied continuously or in a thin film on the surface of pigments, such as thin-film interference pigments. In one embodiment, the coating is continuous on the surface of the pigment. In embodiments, the coating is discontinuous on the surface and has a low effect on light scattering. The coating of the absorbing nanoparticles may be present on more than about 90% of the surface of the pigment, for example, on about 90% of the surface of the pigment. It may be present in more than 5%, and may even be present on the entire surface of the pigment (100% continuous / sealed), for example. In one embodiment, the selectively absorbing nanoparticle coating is in the form of discrete spots, lines, etc. The color intensity of the article may be increased by a completely sealed coating.

[0025] In one aspect, the coating may adversely affect the hiding power of the thin film interference pigment. It's not good.

[0026] Selectively absorbing nanoparticles have other properties other than, or in addition to, absorbing ultraviolet (UV) light. In one embodiment, the selectively absorbing nanoparticles may be fluorescent, phosphorescent, thermochromic, photochromic, and infrared (IR) fluorescent (anti-Stokes). do.

[0027] Exposure to ultraviolet light can degrade the nanoparticles. In one embodiment, the coating Other particles that may be protected, e.g., UV absorbing and / or fixed to some nanoparticles. The coating may contain particles that reduce the photocatalytic activity of the active material. , silicon dioxide, Al2O3, CeO2, and other particles.

[0028] Nanoparticles can also exhibit metallic resonant plasmonic effects. These effects are localized The magnetic field can be enhanced so that the nanoparticles are illuminated by a light source (e.g., polarized or unpolarized light, etc.). ) may exhibit different spectral responses depending on the

[0029] In one embodiment, instead of a thin film interference pigment, the article comprises a thin film interference foil and and a coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles of the same. The article may be used as a thread. The article may include a substrate (PET), PET / absorber / dielectric The article may have the structure: reflector / selective absorbing nanoparticle coating. It has a structure of PET / reflector / dielectric / absorber / selective absorbing nanoparticle coating. obtain.

[0030] The methods of making the disclosed articles can be carried out using techniques such as layer-by-layer technology. In one embodiment, the method can include providing a post-treated thin film interference pigment. In an embodiment, the method uses selectively absorbing nanoparticles to create thin film interference pigments and coatings. The method may include manufacturing the

[0031] The method of making the articles disclosed herein includes providing a pigment, such as a thin film interference pigment. and coating the thin film interference pigment with selective absorbing nanoparticles. The coating step includes providing a first layer of charged nanoparticles to the pigment; and rinsing. providing a second layer of charged nanoparticles to the first layer of charged nanoparticles, where the second charged nanoparticles the nanoparticle material being oppositely charged from the first charged nanoparticle material; and a rinsing step. and wherein a coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles is formed on the surface of the pigment. Providing a first layer of charged nanoparticles and a second layer of charged nanoparticles. The steps are repeated so that the coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles becomes a layered coating. It is possible.

[0032] The coating step also includes providing a layer of a first charged polymer on the pigment; providing a layer of a first charged nanoparticle on the layer of a first charged polymer; and rinsing; a first charged nanoparticle material being oppositely charged from a first charged polymeric material; and rinsing, where a coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles is formed. Providing a first layer of charged polymer and providing a first layer of charged nanoparticles The steps are repeated so that the coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles becomes a layered coating. It can be done.

[0033] The coating step involves the selective charge selection of the laminations to provide a specific surface functionalization of the pigments. The final step includes providing a charged polymer for the final coating containing the photoabsorbent nanoparticles. It can be seen.

[0034] Coatings of selectively absorbing nanoparticles can completely encapsulate pigments such as thin-film interference pigments. The coating is continuous on all surfaces of the pigment. Alternatively, the coating is selectively absorbed by nanoparticles. The coating may encapsulate parts of the pigment, such as thin-film interference pigments. The coating may be continuous, but may encapsulate only a portion of the pigment. A portion may be sealed.

[0035] Alternatively, a layered coating may be formed by combining a layer of selectively absorbing nanoparticles with a layer of charged polymer (high molecular weight polymer). By alternating layers of polymers with layers of polymer electrolytes (polymer electrolytes) or other molecules that have binding sites for interaction, That is, the layer configuration can be made by combining one or more ionic groups of opposite charge. The simple layer structure is ABAB(AB)n (where n is greater than 1). Even if they are labeled as different materials A and B, the two materials can be Note that the surfaces can be the same material with opposite charges. The coating may also use more materials. The laminate coating may contain any material, each It depends only on the choice of charge of the material.

[0036] The step of providing a layer of the first or second charged nanoparticles may include filtering, sedimenting, or or a centrifugation process. In these processes, the first The application of charged nanoparticles (A), followed by a rinse step and resuspension / application of a second charged nanoparticle (B) was performed. After this, the nanoparticles are allowed to settle or are filtered or centrifuged (a faster process). Other processes include filter reactors, trickle bed reactors, and This includes continuous filtration using systems such as reactors, upflow reactors, and membrane reactors. In another method, a first charged nanoparticle (A), a rinsing medium, and a second charged nanoparticle (B) are mixed together. The pigment is forced (i.e., sprayed) into an area containing a mist solution of particles (B). Alternative deposition techniques include dip coating, spin coating, flow coating, etc. Coating including spray coating, roll coating, and gravure coating Jet coating methods, and the like are included.

[0037] The rinsing step may be carried out using any solvent, such as a polar solvent. Typical examples include water; acetates such as ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and butyl acetate; Dimethyl ketone (DMK), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), sec-butyl methyl Ketone (SBMK), tert-butyl methyl ketone (TBMK), cyclopentanone, Ketones such as nisol; propylene glycol methyl ether and propylene glycol Glycols and glycol derivatives, such as diethyl ether acetate; isopropyl Alcohols such as alcohols and diacetone alcohol; esters such as malonates; Heterocyclic solvents such as n-methylpyrrolidone; hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; glycosyltransferases; Coalescing solvents such as diol ethers; and mixtures thereof.

[0038] The method includes the step of providing a layer on the surface of the pigment prior to providing the coating of nanoparticles. The layer may be located between the thin film interference pigment and the coating, and the thin film interference pigment may further include a In one aspect of the invention, the face is protected or provided with a receptive surface for a coating. By distributing a receptor layer on the surface of the material, the distribution of a coating containing selectively absorbing nanoparticles can be controlled. In particular, this layer allows the pigment to be coated with selectively absorbing nanoparticles. This layer can suppress the oxidation of the pigment when exposed to heat. Sol-gel of materials such as nia, alumina, zirconia, ceria, or combinations thereof In one aspect, the method of making the article includes a step of providing a pigment. providing a first layer of charged nanoparticles to the pigment; rinsing; Providing a layer of polymer (polyelectrolyte) or other molecule with interacting binding sites rinsing; and coating the second layer of charged nanoparticles with a charged polymer (polymer electrolyte). providing a layer of the molecule on which the binding sites for interaction exist; and and a rinsing step.

[0039] The method further includes providing a second protective layer on top of the nanoparticle coating. The second protective layer may comprise a charged polymer (polyelectrolyte) or an interactive binding moiety. The layer may include layers of other organic molecules in which the charged polymer is present, or a sol-gel layer. A second polymer consisting of a polyelectrolyte or other organic molecule with which there are interacting binding sites. The protective layer can adjust properties such as hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, oleophilicity, permeability, hardness, and rigidity. The pigment may be provided with a functionalized outer surface.

[0040] In an additional aspect, the method further comprises providing a selectively absorbing nanoparticle coated on a pigment with a protective layer. The method may further include sealing with a sealing member.

[0041] The method may include preparing a thin film interference pigment on a substrate having a release layer. , and is compatible with liquid coating processes and vacuum deposition.

[0042] The method involves several post-processing steps, such as peeling the article from the release layer / substrate, polishing, etc. obtain. EXAMPLES

[0043] (Example)

[0044] Example 1 Gold thin-film interference pigments are sealed to various degrees and coated with selectively absorbing nanoparticles. The pigments were Cr / ZnS / Al In sample A, a gold thin film interference pigment was used as a selective The absorbing nanoparticles were completely sealed with a continuous coating of highly concentrated cyan pigment. In group B, the same gold thin-film interference pigment is combined with selective absorbing nanoparticles, i.e., the same cyan face. However, the concentration of selectively absorbing nanoparticles in the coating is reduced, for example to 65% by volume. In sample C, the gold thin film interference pigment was completely sealed with a continuous coating. The same cyan pigment, but with more absorbing nanoparticles compared to samples A and B. Partially sealed with a discontinuous coating with a large average particle size. All three samples exhibit the color green, but with various intensities and saturations. Sample A has higher intensity / color saturation compared to samples B and C. Samples B and C have Light is also reflected from areas of the pigment that are not filtered by the coating. , had a less saturated color, i.e., a lighter color. The nanoparticles increased the color intensity of the article. In addition, they added a sealing layer to the coating. By doing so, the color intensity of the article was increased.

[0045] Optical characterization of the three samples was performed using paint drawdowns on Leneta cards. The measurements were performed using a 500 nm fluoride (500 nm fluoride) and analyzed under diffuse illumination using a DC650 photospectrometer. Table 1 shows the lightness (L*), a*, b*, chroma and hue of the samples. As shown, the lightness (L*) decreases with increasing coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles. and the hue increases.

[0046] [Table 1]

[0047] Figure 1 shows the gold pigment (gold preflake) alone, sample C (green spot), and sample D (green spot). FIG. 2 shows the reflectance of the sample A (high green saturation). , a*, b* graphs will be used to explain. Looking at Figs. 1 and 2, the selective absorption nanoparticles ( As the concentration and / or sealing of the coating (cyan pigment) increases, the color develops. As reported in Table 1 and shown in Figure 2, sample A had a 162. It is green with a high hue value of 88, followed by sample C, which is visually The gold pigment (pre-flake) alone has a hue value of 89.8. It is gold in color (without a selectively absorbing nanoparticle coating (e.g., cyan pigment)) stomach).

[0048] Example 2 Commercially available pigments (cyan, magenta, yellow, green) with a coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles The vertical and high angle (60°) colors were used to determine the expected dominant spectral color. However, depending on the variables mentioned above, such as strength, absorption capacity, and nanoparticle concentration, , the locus of the color shift of the coated thin film interference pigments can vary. The optical properties of optically absorbing nanoparticles exhibit small spectral changes that alter the observed visual color. For example, many cyan pigments have a yellow component in the visible range that produces a yellow color. Therefore, the spectral absorption of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles can be used to detect the The final color travel of thin-film interference pigments (coated with selectively absorbing nanoparticles) is improved. can be more predictable.

[0049] New color travel as a function of illumination and viewing angle reflectance vs. wavelength for thin film interference pigments , and the wavelength and intensity absorbed by the selectively absorbing nanoparticle coating. FIG. 3 shows the low angle (10 degrees) and high angle (55 degrees) reflections of the thin film interference pigment. 1 is a graph showing a reflectance plot in degrees showing color travel from green to blue. A coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles (yellow pigments that are blue light absorbers) is applied. 3 also refers to several colors: (1) cyan, (2) magenta, (3) red 1, and (4) red 1. Figure 4 illustrates the absorption of thin film interference pigments at a high angle from normal. The reflectance curves for selectively absorbing nanoparticles (i.e., yellow pigment) are shown. The interference pigments interfere with reflectance at angles greater than 45 degrees. ,The color peak position is changed at different angles to change the angle at which some reflection peaks are blocked. It was also decided that this could be changed.

[0050] Example 3: Color travel from special effect pigments based on thin film interference at normal viewing angles As the wavelengths change from low to high, they change from high to low. The selective absorption nanoparticles and the wavelength colors absorbed by each color are shown in Table 2. The interference pigments and their wavelength colors at normal (low) and high angles are shown. Table 2 also shows the thin film interferences. The predicted reflected color of an article containing a pigment and a coating having selectively absorbing nanoparticles is shown. do.

[0051] [Table 2]

[0052] Figure 5 shows the color travel of a thin film interference pigment, which shifts from green to purple at high angles. The presence of two reflectance peaks forces color travel in opposite directions, such as from green to red. To achieve this, a suitable single selectively absorbing nanoparticle, such as a yellow pigment, or a suitable combination of nanoparticles, It is possible to select a blend. Also, Figure 5 shows (1) cyan, (2) magenta, (3) Red 1; (4) Red 1 absorption of several other selectively absorbing nanoparticles. The absorption of several other selectively absorbing nanoparticles has also been shown.

[0053] Figure 6 shows the color travel of a thin film interference pigment that shifts from magenta to green. This is basically the opposite of the pigments shown in Figure 5. There is a peak in reflectance at the chromatic aberration of red. To force the ion exchange, suitable selective absorbing nanoparticles, such as cyan pigments, or nanoparticles, It may be possible to select an appropriate blend.

[0054] From the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can appreciate that the present teachings can be embodied in a variety of forms. Accordingly, although these teachings have been described with reference to specific embodiments and examples thereof, The true scope of the teachings should not be so limited. Various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0055] The scope of the disclosure may be broadly construed. equivalents, means, systems, and methods for implementing the functions, devices, functions, and mechanical actions Each of the disclosed coatings, devices, articles, methods, and The disclosure of any method, means, mechanical element or mechanism disclosed herein is intended to be included within the disclosure. Equivalents, means, systems and methods for implementing the many of the disclosed aspects, mechanisms and devices. Further, the present disclosure is directed to the coating and its many aspects. Such coatings are intended to be used in accordance with the principles of the present invention and are intended to be consistent with the principles of the present invention. and the present disclosure is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Corresponding equivalents, means, systems and methods of manufacturing and / or using optical devices The present application is intended to encompass the present invention, as well as many of its aspects. The description of many embodiments of the invention herein may be construed broadly in nature. Therefore, any modification that does not depart from the gist of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention. I can't.

Claims

1. A thin film interference pigment; a coating on said thin film interference pigment comprising selectively absorbing nanoparticles; An article comprising:

2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticles are pigmented.

3. The coating comprises a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles, some of which are colored. The article of claim 1 comprising nanoparticles.

4. The coating may include a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles, all of which are the same color. The article of claim 1 comprising an absorbing nanoparticle.

5. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles of different colors. Goods.

6. The coating of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises a plurality of different selectively absorbing nanoparticles. Goods.

7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating is continuous.

8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle coating is discontinuous.

9. The selectively absorbing nanoparticles may be pigments, dyes, metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, metal carbides, gold, 10. The article of claim 1, which is a nanoparticle selected from the group consisting of metal sulfides and combinations thereof. 。

10. Providing a thin film interference pigment; coating the thin film interference pigment with selectively absorbing nanoparticles; A method for manufacturing an article, comprising:

11. The coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles completely encapsulates the thin film interference pigment. Item 11. The method according to item 10.

12. The coating of selectively absorbing nanoparticles encapsulates a portion of the thin film interference pigment. Item 11. The method according to item 10.

13. The color intensity of the article is due to the high concentration of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles in the coating. The method of claim 10, wherein the concentration of

14. 11. The article of claim 10, wherein the color intensity is increased by a completely sealing coating. The method described.

15. The color intensity of the article increases with increasing average particle size of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles. The method according to claim 10.

16. Providing a layer between the thin film interference pigment and the coating to protect the thin film interference pigment The method according to claim 10 .

17. A layer is provided between the thin film interference pigment and the coating to The method of claim 10, further comprising providing a receiving surface for

18. The thin film interference pigments exhibit color travel from high wavelengths of light to low wavelengths of light, wherein:

11. The article of claim 10, wherein the article exhibits color travel from low wavelength light to high wavelength light. method.

19. The article exhibits a decrease in brightness and an increase in hue compared to the thin film interference pigment. Item 11. The method according to item 10.

20. The method of claim 10, further comprising encapsulating the selectively absorbing nanoparticles with a protective layer. Law.

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