Methods, apparatus, and systems for ophthalmic testing and measurement

Abstract

To provide methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test.SOLUTION: In one aspect, a head-wearable device 100 for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame 102 for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

Related Applications

[0001] This application is a joint venture of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 734,274, filed September 21, 2018. No. 62 / 734,280, filed May 28, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / This application claims the benefit of and priority to US Pat. No. 853,713, the entire teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. INCORPORATED INTO THE SPECIFICATION. [Technical field]

[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to methods and systems for ophthalmic diagnostics, and more particularly to methods and systems for ophthalmic diagnostic tests. and methods, apparatus and systems for performing the measurements. [Background technology]

[0003] The macula of the human eye is understood to be designed to provide detailed vision. The fovea has a relatively large area, usually about 6 mm in diameter, and is about 21.5 mm in diameter. The macula is responsible for producing central vision, fine definition, and color vision. This is understood as a mechanism by which damage to the macula (e.g., damage caused by age-related macular degeneration) can occur. This can result in vision impairment or loss.

[0004] The human macula has many subregions, specifically the foveal foveola, foveolar, and foveal apoplexy. The retina can be divided into the vascular area, the fovea, the parafovea, and the perifoveal area. The fovea is made up of cone-shaped It has a small area innervated by foveal cells and is surrounded by the parafovea. The fovea is a subregion of the macula and is generally innervated by rod-shaped cells. The entire teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference, as described in detail in Rod-shaped cells are responsible for vision in dim light, while cone-shaped cells are responsible for bright light and color. In young adults, the number of rod-shaped cells is approximately equal to the number of cone-shaped cells. The ratio of rod-shaped cells to cone-shaped cells is 9:1. This ratio does not change with age in humans. To become.

[0005] The health and function of rod and cone photoreceptors depends on the structure of the retina or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The pigment layer, Bruch's membrane (BM), is located between the retinal pigment epithelium and the fenestrated choriocapillaris of the eye. The choriocapillaris or choriocapillaris (RPE / Bruch's membrane) of the choroid adjacent to the Bruch's membrane in the retina The nucleus is maintained by the endothelium (collectively known as the membrane complex). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 9,504,379 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 8,795,191 [Patent Document 3] International Publication No. 2007 / 076479 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The RPE is a dedicated layer of nurse cells behind the neural retina that maintains proper ionic balance. Maintenance, transport and filtration of nutrients, providing retinoid intermediates, and absorbing stray photons through light exposure. They play a role in maintaining the health of photoreceptors in a variety of ways, including by replenishing bleached photopigments. Bruch's membrane, which has a vascular wall thickness of about 2 to 6 μm, is also known as RP. E and the choriocapillaris, which provides blood flow to the outer retina, especially the rods. .

[0008] Damage to the RPE / Bruch's membrane complex results in reduced delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the photoreceptors. By reducing the amount of bleaching by-products, such as opsins, the photoreceptors remain healthy. This is especially true for the rods involved in scotopic vision, or adaptation to dark light. This is especially true for somatotopic photoreceptors. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In one embodiment, a head-mounted device is provided that measures dark adaptation in at least one eye of a subject. The head-mountable system includes a head-mountable frame and At least one inspection light source attached to the frame; Directing light from a light source onto at least one eye of the subject (e.g., the retina of at least one eye) and an optical system attached to the frame for detecting the position of the object. The two test light sources may be configured to generate a bleaching light and a stimulating light.

[0010] In another aspect, an apparatus for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic test to a subject is disclosed. an ophthalmic diagnostic system for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic examination to at least one eye of a subject; an automated subject instruction system for communicating with said subject to guide said subject through said The present invention can include the above.

[0011] In another aspect, an ophthalmic examination system is disclosed. The ophthalmic examination system includes: an optical system configured to direct at least one light beam to the eye of the patient; and a processor coupled to the processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and one or more predefined The processing device may include one or more programs configured to be executed by the processing device. The one or more programs are utilized to administer an ophthalmic examination to the subject. The system may include instructions for configuring the inspection system.

[0012] In another aspect, an electronic device for ophthalmic examination is disclosed. The electronic device includes: The above processing devices, a memory connected to the one or more processing devices, and a program stored in the memory and one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processing devices. The one or more programs may be configured to execute eye measurement by using the processing device. and one or more instructions that guide the subject through an ophthalmic examination performed using the testing device. and a command issued by the subject in natural language to provide the subject with a instructions for receiving, at the processing device, one or more requests for assistance; and instructions for extracting one or more active elements of an active ontology and determining which of said active elements determining whether to provide at least one task to the subject based on the ontology; and providing assistance to the subject by performing the at least one task. The instruction may include:

[0013] In another aspect, an ophthalmic examination system is disclosed. The ophthalmic examination system includes: an optical system configured to direct at least one light beam to the eye of the patient; and at least one motion sensor for detecting a motion of the object; a memory coupled to the processor; One or more programs stored therein and configured to be executed by one or more of the processing devices. The one or more programs may include a program for controlling rapid acceleration or receiving information regarding the motion of the ophthalmic examination system from the motion sensor indicative of deceleration; Contains instructions to

[0014] In another aspect, a system is disclosed that includes a condition monitor and a processor. The monitors are each configured to monitor a status of at least one characteristic of the medical testing system. The medical testing system may include one or more sensors. The processor may be coupled to the condition monitor. and from the one or more sensors to the at least one characteristic of the medical testing system. and the information indicates a change in the expected value of the characteristic. configured to generate notifications to entities interested in monitoring the operation of the medical testing system. good.

[0015] In another aspect, systems for measuring dark adaptation are disclosed, each of which comprises: A plurality of head-mounted devices configured to measure dark adaptation of at least one eye of a subject. and a command center configured to communicate with the plurality of head-mounted devices. It is okay.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention is used in a head-wearable device configured to measure dark adaptation of a subject. The present invention discloses a light seal that can be used by a subject. adapted to be substantially aligned with at least one eye of said subject when worn. a conformable body having at least one opening for fitting said optical seal to said subject's The head may include a mounting portion coupled to the adaptable body portion for mounting to a head. The optical seal is coupled to a device that can be worn on the subject, thereby The body is attached to the head-wearable device so that the eyes are shielded from ambient light when worn. The sensor may be configured to couple to the frame.

[0017] In another aspect, a head-mounted device for performing an ophthalmic examination is disclosed. The head-mountable device is provided with a head-mountable frame for mounting the device on the subject's head. and wherein the device is adapted to illuminate at least one eye of the subject with ambient light when the device is worn by the subject. The optical system may include a light seal configured to couple to the frame to provide a shield from light.

[0018] In another aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic test to a subject is disclosed. The head-wearable device includes a head-wearable frame and a head-mounted eye-wearable device for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test. a test device coupled to the frame for irradiating light onto at least one eye of the subject; a diagnostic system including at least one examination light source for generating light; and a diagnostic system coupled to the frame. and automatically aligning the at least one light source with respect to the pupil of the subject. A dynamic alignment mechanism may be provided.

[0019] In another example, the above-mentioned aspects or any of the systems, methods, or apparatus described herein may be It may have one or more of the following features.

[0020] The one or more programs may be used to execute the eye examination via the processing device. and instructions for establishing verbal communication with the subject to guide the subject through the The verbal communication with the subject may be performed using a natural language. The oral communication with the subject is provided to the subject before, during, and after the ophthalmic examination. This may be accomplished using one or more pre-recorded messages configured to

[0021] The ophthalmic examination system includes at least one interface that performs the verbal communication with the subject. The oral communication may be provided via a single audio speaker. The one or more instructions may include instructions for guiding the subject through the eye examination. Further, the oral communication may include instructions provided to: 1) the subject; 2) an instruction to provide the address or location of the laboratory where the ophthalmic examination will be performed; information regarding the eye examination; and 4) the expected wait time until the eye examination is performed. may include at least one of the following:

[0022] The ophthalmic examination system includes an interface configured to receive a response from the subject. The response may be transmitted to the subject by the ophthalmic examination system. The subject may provide one or more stimuli in association with the stimulation. The apparatus is configured to monitor responses received from the subject via the interface. The processing device may further comprise a processor for processing responses received from the subject for future analysis. 2) storing the responses received from the subjects and stored in the memory. The processing device may be configured to compare a baseline response from the subject to a baseline response. adjusting at least one function of the ophthalmic examination system based on the received response. The at least one function may be determined based on: 1) the position of a component of the optical system; 2) the orientation of the optical system components; and 3) at least one of the length of the ophthalmic examination. It may contain one.

[0023] Further, the interface may be used by the subject to provide the response. The response received from the subject may be a verbal response or a pre-existing response. The processor may also include a response provided through interaction with the interface. and providing further instructions to the subject based on the response received from the subject. The further instructions may be: 1) instructions in natural language; 2) pre-recorded instructions; 3) computer-generated voice commands; and 4) visual commands. It may contain at least one of these.

[0024] The ophthalmic examination system is adapted for use by the subject to provide the response. The subject may further include a user interface configured to: The response may be a verbal response.

[0025] The ophthalmic examination system is configured to acquire at least one biometric characteristic of the subject. The subject may further comprise a biometric scanner configured to measure the at least one biometric characteristic. information obtained from the facial features of the subject, the iris of the subject's eye, and the retina of the subject's eye; It may include at least one of a fingerprint obtained from the subject.

[0026] In some embodiments, the processing device is configured to store a profile of the subject. The profile may include the subject's name, the subject's address, the subject's and at least one of the subject's health insurance information. The profile may be obtained from an electronic health record system. The electronic health record system is managed on a cloud-based server.

[0027] The ophthalmic examination system includes a biometric sensor that measures at least one biometric characteristic of the subject. The processing device may also include a processor for detecting the presence of the at least one biometric characteristic. The processing device may be further configured to identify the subject by At least one of the subject's medical history, medical insurance information relating to said subject, and interest rate information relating to said subject. receiving available pre-examination diagnostic information and storing it in a memory of the ophthalmic examination system; It may be configured as follows.

[0028] In some embodiments, the one or more instructions directing the subject include: 1) determining when the eye examination is to be performed; 2) information about the eye examination; and 3) the address or location of the examination room where the eye examination will be performed. The one or more The instructions are configured to be provided to the subject before, during, and after the ophthalmic examination. The message may include a voice message.

[0029] Additionally or alternatively, the processing device may be in communication with a position determining device associated with the subject to may be configured to guide a subject to the examination room by monitoring the subject's location The processing device further includes a plurality of speakers and a microphone for guiding the subject to the examination room. The processor may be configured to communicate with the location of each of the plurality of speakers. and activating each of the plurality of speakers based on the proximity of the subject's position to the In some embodiments, the processing device may be configured to perform a measurement on a mobile device associated with the subject. and visually guiding the subject to the examination room by communicating with a program executed on the The location determining device may be configured to provide a map to the subject. Further, the position determining device may include a smartphone.

[0030] Further, the at least one request for assistance comprises: 1) an inquiry regarding said test; and , 2) a complaint regarding the inspection. 2) informing the subject of the administration of the eye examination; and 3) adjusting at least one function of the ophthalmic measuring and testing device; and 4) At least one component of the ophthalmological measurement and examination device is configured. The device may be configured to provide assistance to the subject by performing one of the following:

[0031] The processing device may further be configured to store a profile of the subject. The profile may include the subject's name, the subject's address, any identifying information relating to the subject, The subject's identification information includes at least one of a unique identifier, a unique identifier, and health insurance information for the subject.

[0032] The electronic device is configured to obtain at least one biometric characteristic of the subject. The subject may further include a biometric scanner. The at least one biometric feature may be a facial feature of the subject. characteristics, the iris of the subject's eye, information obtained from the retina of the subject's eye, The processing device may further include at least one of a fingerprint obtained from the person. a biometric database in a memory of an electronic device, the biometric database storing the at least one biometric information of the subject; The device may be configured to store the features.

[0033] The one or more programs further include: instructions for receiving a characteristic, the biometric database matching the at least one biometric characteristic; instructions for determining whether the matching biometric feature is present and, if the matching biometric feature is present, The one or more profiles may further include instructions for identifying the subject using a matching biometric. and instructions for monitoring the subject's performance during the ophthalmic examination in response to the stimuli. Alternatively or additionally, the one or more programs may include a providing verbal commands to said subject in response to said subject's performance during the ophthalmologic examination. Further, the one or more programs may be configured to: and instructions for adjusting at least one function of the ophthalmic measuring and testing device in response to the performance of an examiner. Moreover, the one or more programs may include In one embodiment, the first eye examination may include instructions for recording the results of the eye examination in response to a stimulus. The above programs include a cloud-based or clinical-based electronic health record or a patient-directed electronic health record for the subject. A subject folder may include instructions for recording the results of the eye examination.

[0034] In some embodiments, the electronic device includes one of the plurality of buttons that guides the subject in natural language. A voice speaker providing the above instructions and assistance in natural language from the subject. At least one of the devices may include an audio microphone for receiving one or more requests. The electronic device responds to one or more stimuli provided by the ophthalmic measurement and testing apparatus. The subject may further comprise an interface configured to receive from the subject.

[0035] In some embodiments, the program controls the rapid acceleration or deceleration of the ophthalmic examination system. and generating a notification in response to receiving information regarding the one or more processors. The program includes instructions for transmitting the notification to a specified device. The specified data may further include instructions for execution by the one or more processing devices. The devices include portable devices, desktop computers, earphones, and pop-up messages. The program may further include smart glasses having a window for viewing the ophthalmology images. The one or more processes are adapted to generate a warning signal in response to a rapid acceleration or deceleration of the inspection system. Additionally or alternatively, the one or more processors may include instructions to be executed by the processor. The program includes instructions for storing the number of sudden accelerations or decelerations detected in the database. Further, the one or more programs may include The one or more processors may further include instructions to quantify the severity of the sudden acceleration or deceleration. The program includes instructions to quantify the sudden acceleration or deceleration as mild, moderate, and severe. That's fine.

[0036] The ophthalmic examination system also includes a communication module for communicating with the designated device. The designated device may be connected to the ophthalmic examination system in response to the notification. The processing unit of the ophthalmic examination system may be configured to transmit the above instructions. , may be configured to execute the instructions received by the designated device. Moreover, the one or more instructions sent by the designated device include instructions for the eye examination an instruction to disable the system, an instruction to provide a visual warning signal to the subject, and / or and instructions for providing an audio warning signal to the subject. The system may include one or more speakers for generating the warning signal. It may include a message in a language.

[0037] In some embodiments, the sensor may include an inertial measurement sensor (IMS). The laboratory system may also include a database in communication with the processing device.

[0038] The at least one characteristic may include temperature, acceleration, deceleration, and orientation of the medical examination system. The number of positions may include at least one of the following:

[0039] The one or more sensors may further comprise a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a microphone. Global Positioning System (GPS), gyroscope, light sensor, proximity sensor, system The one or more sensors may further include at least one of a clock, a sensor, an accelerometer, and / or a sensor for detecting a temperature rise and a fall. The sensor is configured to detect whether a cover of the medical testing system is open. In some embodiments, the at least one sensor may include The sensor may include an infrared sensor. The one or more sensors may also include an accelerometer. The processing unit analyzes the information received from the accelerometer to determine the medical examination system. Additionally or alternatively, the system may be configured to determine a rapid acceleration or deceleration of the stem. The sensors may be integrated onto a single printed circuit board or may be integrated into the medical testing system or may be configured to be distributed across multiple printed circuit boards.

[0040] Moreover, the institution must provide the remote party responsible for the maintenance of the medical testing system and the medical testing The processing may be at least one of an insurance provider that provides insurance to the insurance screening system. The device may also be configured to send a warning signal to the engine. and may be configured to receive a message from the institution in response to the notification. The processor may be configured to communicate the message to a user of the system. The processor also includes a pre-defined set of rules corresponding to each different magnitude of sensor reading. The rules may also include rules for notification to the user or institution. It may also control nature.

[0041] The system may further comprise a communication network coupled to the processing device. The storage device is adapted to transmit the notification to the remote institution via the communication network. The configuration may be as follows.

[0042] The processor is further adapted to issue the warning signal to a user of the medical testing system. The system may also be integrated on the substrate of the medical testing system. Additionally, the system may be implemented on a chip contained within the medical testing system. and configured to store a log of the notifications generated by the processing device. The database may be stored in a cloud-based server or on the device. The sensor may be stored anywhere on the substrate of the chair.

[0043] In some embodiments, the system may include a method for determining whether insurance and warranty losses are incurred by a user. The system may automate responses to claims. The system also provides real-time operational status For example, the current flow may be monitored to ensure the test protocol.

[0044] In some embodiments, the system is configured to: The system has its own battery to ensure monitoring of the medical testing system even when the You may maintain backups.

[0045] The head-mountable device is provided with at least one inspection light source and an optical system. The device may further include a movable platform. The movable platform moves the at least one test lens relative to a pupil of the subject's eye. may be movable along at least two perpendicular directions to align the light source. Alternatively or additionally, the platform may have a fixed position relative to the frame. That's fine.

[0046] The head-wearable device directs the subject's attention to the at least one test light source. and at least one fixation light source associated with the at least one test light source for directing the at least one fixation light source toward the at least one test light source. You can prepare for this.

[0047] Further, the light emitted by the at least one inspection light source and the at least one The light emitted by the fixed light source makes an angle of about 1° to 180° at the subject's pupil. As described above, the relative positions of the at least one fixation light source and the at least one test light source are The position is set, and the at least one fixation light source is set to a position when the subject looks at the The at least one fixation light source may be movable to allow the fixation light to be focused. A fixation light source also has a light source that is substantially aligned along the direction of propagation of light emitted by the fixation light source. The movable member may be movable along a fixed direction.

[0048] The head-mounted device is adapted to move the fixation light source relative to the subject's eye. a mechanism attached to the frame and coupled to the at least one fixation light source; The mechanism may further include a light source for fixation that is substantially aligned in a direction of propagation of light emitted by the light source for fixation. The at least one light source may be configured to move the fixation light source along a direction along a target. The mechanism for moving at least one fixation light source is adapted to be rotated by a user. a knob for rotating the knob to convert a rotational movement of the knob into a linear translation of the fixation light source; A mechanically coupled cam system may be provided.

[0049] Moreover, the optical system collimates the light emitted by the at least one inspection light source. The optical system may include one or more lenses configured to correct spherical aberration. The optical fiber may include at least one aspheric lens adapted to correct for

[0050] In some embodiments, the inspection light source and the optical system are contained within a sealed package. It is okay to do so. The head-mounted device also includes a head-mounted device for directing the at least one test light source to the subject's eye. and an automatic alignment mechanism coupled to the frame for automatic alignment to the pupil. The automatic alignment mechanism may be configured to adjust the frame to illuminate the at least one eye. an infrared light source attached to the frame, and the at least one a light source mounted within the frame to detect at least a portion of the infrared light returning from the eye; The infrared detector may further comprise an infrared camera. Further, in some embodiments, the infrared camera captures an image from the at least one eye of the subject. The subject may be configured to generate an image of the subject's pupil based on the infrared light returning from the subject.

[0051] The head-mountable device is mounted on the frame and includes the infrared detector and a front The mobile platform may further include a feedback system in communication with the mobile platform. The feedback system is based on one or more signals generated by the infrared detector. detecting a pupil of the at least one eye based on the detected pupil and moving the platform. and aligning the light emitted by the at least one examination light source with the subject's pupil. You may combine them. The feedback system further comprises a front end in the image generated by the infrared camera. The at least one test light source emits a light beam based on the shape of the subject's pupil. The inspection light may be aligned.

[0052] The optical system also reflects light from the at least one test light source to the subject's pupil. and further wherein the infrared light returning from the subject's eye passes through the infrared detector. The optical system may also include a dichroic mirror adapted to enable

[0053] Further, the head-wearable device may be configured to, when the device is worn by the subject, configured to couple to the frame to shield the at least one eye from ambient light The subject may have a light seal that blocks both of the subject's eyes from ambient light. Additionally or alternatively, the light seals may be configured to block ambient light independently of one another. The device may be configured to block the subject's eyes from the Further, the optical seal is substantially conformable to at least a portion of the subject's head. good.

[0054] The light seal may comprise a polymeric material. The polymeric material may be silicone, polyurethane, or the like. Polyolefin, Neoprene, Nitrile Rubber, Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) , polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA) Additionally or alternatively, the optical seal may comprise a plurality of fibers. The fibers may include cellulose fibers. Additionally or alternatively, the light seal may be made of a foam material. The foam material may comprise any of alginate foam and starch-based foam. In some embodiments, an RFID tag may be bonded to the light seal. stomach.

[0055] The optical seal, when worn by the subject, is adapted to: a fitting having at least one opening adapted to be substantially aligned with one eye; The body part is connected to the head-mountable device to The head-mountable device and the optical seal are coupled together to obtain the above-mentioned It may be configured to block at least one eye from ambient light. In some embodiments, a mounting portion comprises a mounting member for mounting the optical seal to at least a portion of the subject's head. The adaptable body may be coupled to the adaptable body so as to be removably and replaceably attached. For example, the attachment portion may include a strap. The support may include at least one arm coupled to the portion. Additionally or alternatively, a sanitary liner may be provided on the light seal for contacting the subject's skin. In some embodiments, the flexible body portion may be configured to couple with a surface of the flexible body portion. The sanitary liner may be a single-use, disposable item. The sanitary liner may include double-sided tape.

[0056] In some embodiments, the head wearable device comprises a light seal that blocks light leaking through the light seal. The device may further include one or more optical sensors coupled to the frame for detection. One or more optical sensors detect light leakage around at least one eye of the subject. Further, the one or more optical sensors may each be positioned so as to detect one of the subjects. The device has at least two light sensors positioned to detect light leakage around the eye. You may.

[0057] The head-mountable device is mounted on the frame and adapted to receive the detected light. and communicating with the one or more optical sensors to generate an alert when the leakage is greater than a threshold. The light leakage may further include a warning module for detecting the light leakage in the vicinity. The warning module may be configured to identify the eye from which the light is emitted. The system is configured to generate an audio warning in response to detecting a leak in the system.

[0058] In some embodiments, the alert module notifies an individual performing a dark adaptation test of the test. The warning module may further be configured to notify the end of the at least The system may be configured to generate a warning signal in response to a failure of one of the test light sources. Alternatively, the alert module generates an alert signal in response to the subject's performance during the dark adaptation measurement. The method may be configured to:

[0059] The head-wearable device generates a signal in response to detecting unintended movement of the subject. The frame may further include at least one sensor coupled to the frame for detecting the position of the sensor. The sensor communicates with the alarm module to transmit the signal and to generate an alarm in response to the sensor signal. The device may be configured to generate a notification.

[0060] The head-wearable device is attached to the frame and is adapted to receive the at least one image of the subject. a latch coupled to the light seal for adjusting the light seal around one eye. The head wearable device may also include a mechanism for mechanically connecting the latch to the light seal. The latch may also include a first strap for fastening the at least one fastener to the subject. Also, the length and tension in the strap can be adjusted to adjust the light seal around one eye. may be used to adjust either The head-mountable device adjusts the attachment of the frame to the subject's head. The head support may further include a second strap coupled to the frame for supporting the head support. The device may also be coupled to either the first strap or the second strap to provide the Quick release button that allows easy release of one strap and the second strap may also be provided.

[0061] The stimulating light has a spectrum effective to stimulate rod photoreceptors of the at least one eye. For example, the stimulating light may have one or more wavelengths in the range of about 400 nm to about 570 nm. Further, the light source generating the stimulation light may have a wavelength of about 100 ms to about 40 In some embodiments, the device may be configured to generate light stimuli having a duration in the range of 0 ms to 10 ms. The stimulation light is approximately 4 x 10 -5 cd / m 2 ~about 5cd / m 2 It has a strength in the range stomach.

[0062] Further, the bleaching light may be in the range of about 490 nm to about 510 nm or about 600 nm to about 700 nm. Additionally or alternatively, the bleaching light may have one or more wavelengths in the range of essentially It may have a wavelength spectrum consisting of wavelengths in the range of about 490 nm to about 510 nm. In some embodiments, the bleaching light has a wavelength essentially in the range of about 600 nm to about 700 nm. The wavelength spectrum may be made up of:

[0063] In some embodiments, the inspection light source is turned on for a period ranging from about 0.5 ms to about 400 ms. Additionally or alternatively, the bleaching light may be configured to generate a pulse of bleaching light having The range is from about 1.5 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec (log scotopic Trolands / sec) to about 8 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec (log scotopic Trolands / sec). Intensity in the range of about 3 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to about 7 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec It may have an intensity in the range of seconds.

[0064] Furthermore, the at least one inspection light source may include two light sources. One of the inspection light sources is configured to generate the bleaching light, and the at least one The other of the inspection light sources is configured to generate the stimulation light.

[0065] In some embodiments, the frame houses the at least one light source and the optical system. The at least one test may include a body having a chamber for receiving the at least one test. The first compartment may include a first compartment for housing a light source and the optical system. The first compartment may be isolated from the outside environment. Further, the configuration of the body portion of the frame may be such that the head-wearable device is covered. When the frame is attached to the subject, at least a portion of the body of the frame is The frame may be disposed in front of the eye. The opaque portion may be opaque to block the passage of ambient light to the eye. and elevated to allow passage of ambient light to the at least one eye of the subject. The opaque portion may be hinged to other portions of the frame so that the opaque portion may be attached to the frame. In some embodiments, the head-wearable device is attached to the subject when worn by the subject. a body of the frame configured to be disposed substantially in front of the at least one eye; At least a portion of the portion may be constructed from a material that is adjustable in opacity in response to a signal. Furthermore, at least a part of the main body of the frame is made semi-transparent by applying a liquid crystal and a voltage. It may have a light polarizer that transitions from bright to opaque.

[0066] The frame also includes a front portion that is in front of the subject when the device is worn by the subject. The eye may also include an opening configured to be disposed substantially in front of the at least one eye. In some embodiments, the frame blocks the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. Alternatively, a flip seal may be provided coupled to the opening to allow for this. A first strap is attached to the frame to secure the frame to the subject's head. The strap may include at least one of an elastic material or a non-elastic material. is fine.

[0067] The head-mountable device further includes a slidable screen coupled to the frame. The screen may be configured to block the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. The eyepiece may be slidably mounted substantially in front of the at least one eye such that

[0068] The head-wearable device also includes a controller mounted on the frame. The control device may be configured to control operation of the at least one inspection light source. It is okay to do so.

[0069] In some embodiments, the head-wearable device comprises a head-mounted device configured to enable the subject to 2. The present invention provides a method for detecting the presence of a light source in a test apparatus, comprising: The analytical device may include a subject response interface configured to: and a subject response interface mounted on said subject response interface and in communication with said feedback The analysis device may be configured to analyze the feedback of the subject. and configured to assess dark adaptation of the at least one eye of the subject by analyzing The analytical device may include a processor and at least one memory in communication with the processor. The at least one memory module may include a memory module for storing a pre-existing memory for the stimulation light. The subject's responses are analyzed.

[0070] The head-mountable device may be configured to provide instructions to the subject during the performance of the dark adaptation measurement. The head may further include an automatic adaptive subject instruction system mounted on the frame. The at least one eye-wearable device includes a system for monitoring at least one attribute of the at least one eye. The system may be further equipped with

[0071] The monitoring system further provides one or more instructions to the subject in response to monitoring of the attribute. The automated subject instruction system may be in communication with the automated subject instruction system to provide instructions.

[0072] The head-wearable device also connects the frame to provide audio communication to the subject. The system may also include an audio module coupled to the audio input. receiving a subject instruction signal and converting said signal into a signal audible to said subject; The voice module may communicate with the subject instruction system to The instruction signal may be converted into one or more verbal commands for delivery to the subject. may be generated based on the subject's performance during the dark adaptation measurement. The system also includes a step of transmitting one or more warning signals generated by the warning module to the subject. The signal may be converted into a signal audible to the human ear.

[0073] The head-wearable device may include a head-mounted device that is adapted to receive the frame for controlling the at least one light source. The head-wearable device may also include a controller coupled to the frame. The control device may further include a display device coupled to the control system and controlled by the control device. may cause information, selection options, and / or command options to be displayed on said display device. The information may include the status of the dark adaptation test and / or the test of the subject. The selection option allows the user to administer the dark adaptation test to the subject. The selection options may allow the user to select the right eye, the left eye, or both eyes. , the procedure for performing the dark adaptation measurement may be selected. The selection options include Select a communication protocol for establishing communication between the head-wearable device and another device. The display device may also enable a user to Software control buttons may also be displayed that allow input data to be entered.

[0074] The head-wearable device further comprises a communications module coupled to the frame. The communication module may be configured to communicate with a command center. For example, the communication module may communicate with the command center via a wireless protocol. The communication module may be configured to communicate with a headset. The module may be configured to communicate with the headset via a wireless connection. Alternatively, the communication module may communicate with the headset via a wireless protocol. The communication module may be configured to communicate with an electronic health record (EHR) system. The communication module may be configured to communicate with the head mount device. and a database that provides shared access to the EHR system. In some embodiments, the communications module is configured to use encryption for communications. The communication module may also transmit a notification signal to the command module indicative of the performance of the dark adaptation measurement. The communication module may be further configured to transmit the notification signal to a center. may be transmitted to a mobile device of the medical professional.

[0075] In some embodiments, the command center simultaneously controls the plurality of head-mounted devices. Further, at least one of the plurality of head-mounted devices may be configured to communicate with the head-mounted device. A head-mounted device includes a subject instruction system that communicates with the command center. The command center may be configured to control a user to instruct the subject via the subject instruction system. The aim is to enable subjects to be instructed using at least one head-mounted device. The configuration may be as follows.

[0076] The light seal attachment may be a strap coupled to the conformable body and / or There may be at least one arm coupled to the adaptable body portion. The light seal also includes a conformable portion of the light seal adapted to contact the skin of the subject. The container may also include a sanitary liner configured to mate with a surface of the body portion. The adhesive may be a single-use disposable item or may include double-sided tape. In some embodiments, the light seal may include a polymeric material. Polyurethane, silicone, polyurethane, neoprene, polyolefin, tolyl rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), In some embodiments, the light shield may comprise any of the following: The fiber may include a plurality of fibers. For example, the fibers may include cellulose fibers. The light seal may further comprise a foam material. The foam material may be an open cell foam or The foam may be any of a closed-cell foam, an alginate foam, and a starch-based foam. You may.

[0077] In some embodiments, the light seal includes an RFID tag coupled to the light seal. The RFID tag is used to authenticate the light seal and the single use of the light seal. It is okay to do so.

[0078] Further, the present disclosure provides an examination apparatus for detecting the presence of a subject during the ophthalmic diagnostic examination. The ophthalmic diagnostic system may include a measurement system for monitoring the performance. configured for use by the subject in response to one or more stimuli provided by The subject response device may be provided.

[0079] The subject instruction system may be configured to prompt the subject before, during, and / or after administration of the ophthalmic diagnostic test. The subject instruction system may further include a pre-recorded message to be provided to the subject. , may be configured to enable interaction between the subject and a medical professional.

[0080] The subject instruction system further receives data regarding the subject's response to the stimuli. The subject response device may be in communication with the subject response device to receive the The subject instruction system is operable to instruct the subject to: It may be configured to provide verbal commands to the subject.

[0081] The examination device according to the disclosed embodiment is capable of detecting visual field for glaucoma, glaucoma and diabetes. Frequency Doubling Technique (FDT), Electroretinogram (ERG), Visual Evoked Potential (VEP), Coherence Toxicity for Retinopathy Contrast sensitivity, color vision, visual acuity, high brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / high contrast visual acuity power, low luminance and low contrast visual acuity, high luminance and low contrast visual acuity, optotype, venile Visual acuity, reading speed (high and low luminance), glare test (cataract), motion perception, metamorphosis Psia (late AMD), shape and texture discrimination of late AMD. Mesopic and scotopic visual fields, photo Stress, Microfollimetry (Fundus-guided follimetry), Tonometer, Sterio Psys, Coneohistology, Fundus retinal imaging, Retinal densitometry, Optical coherence tomography (OCT) ), fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), multispectral imaging scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, anterior segment OCT, deep field OCT, retinal metabolic imaging, ocular blood flow imaging Imaging, adaptive optics, autofluorescence, non-mydriatic fundus camera, optic nerve imaging, ultrasound, anterior Includes at least one of the following: eye photography, slit lamp, pachymeter, and interior segment. The company may provide eye examinations including:

[0082] Additionally, the testing device is mounted on the frame to provide audio communication with the subject. The audio module may include a sound module that receives the sound from the sound module. receiving a subject instruction signal and converting said signal into an audible signal for providing to said subject; The voice module may be in communication with the subject instruction system to The subject instruction signal may be converted into one or more verbal commands for delivery to the subject. Word commands may be generated based on the subject's performance during the eye examination.

[0083] In some embodiments, the testing device may be a head-mounted device. The head-mountable device includes a frame for mounting the device on the subject's head. At least a portion of the automated subject instruction system is incorporated into the frame. The automated subject instruction system further comprises a processing unit, at least one random memory module, a RAM, a permanent memory module, and a processor, a processor unit, a processor module ... The automated subject instruction system may include a communication bus for providing communication between the automated subject instruction system and the memory module. The system includes a plurality of pre-recorded recordings including subject instructions stored within said permanent memory module. The audio file may further include an audio file.

[0084] The device may include a controller that controls one or more components of the ophthalmic diagnostic system. The display device may further include a control device coupled to the frame. The display device may be configured to be controlled by the control device. The information, selection options, and / or instruction options may be displayed on the device. The selection options may include the condition of the test of dark adaptation and / or the test of the subject. The option allows a user to select the right eye, left eye, and The selection options may allow the user to select one eye, one eye, or both eyes. The method may allow the user to select a procedure for performing the measurement. Ability to select the communication protocol to establish communication between the wearable device and other devices The display device may also enable a user to input data to the head wearable device. It may also display software control buttons that allow input.

[0085] The device may further comprise a communication module. The communication module may be connected to a command center. In particular, the communication module may be configured to communicate via a wireless protocol. The headset may be configured to communicate with the headset via a wireless LAN.

[0086] As described above, the light seal is at least one eye adapted to be substantially aligned with at least one eye of the subject; The head may include a conformable body having at least one opening. The conformable body may include a The optical seal is connected to a frame of a device that can be attached to the optical fiber. and a lens adapted to block ambient light from the at least one eye of the subject when worn. The apparatus may be configured to attach the optical seal to at least a portion of the subject's head. a mounting portion coupled to the adaptable body portion for releasably and interchangeably coupling; The attachment portion may comprise a strap and / or a small There may be at least one arm.

[0087] The light seal is adapted to contact at least a portion of the subject's skin. The container may also include a sanitary liner configured to mate with a surface of the body portion. The adhesive may be a single-use disposable item or may be made of double-sided tape or elastic material. It may include.

[0088] The head-wearable device is adapted to measure the frame to detect leakage of light through the light seal. The imaging device may further comprise one or more optical sensors coupled onto the imaging device. The one or more optical sensors may positioned to detect light leakage near at least one eye of the subject; Further, the one or more optical sensors each detect light leakage around one eye of the subject. The optical sensor has at least two optical sensors positioned to detect the difference.

[0089] The head-wearable device includes a mechanism for adjusting the optical seal around the subject's head. The mechanism may further include a latch mechanism coupled to the mounting portion. The attachment portion has a strap, and the latch mechanism adjusts either the length or tension of the strap. A second strap also allows the frame to be adjusted around the subject's head. The head-wearable device may also be coupled to the frame for mounting a head-wearable device. The first strap is connected to either the first strap or the second strap. A quick release button may also be provided to allow easy release of the second strap.

[0090] The head-wearable device detects a signal greater than a predetermined threshold by the one or more optical sensors. an alarm in communication with the one or more light sensors to generate an alarm signal in response to detecting a light leak; The device may further comprise a warning module. The warning signal may include an audio signal.

[0091] The head-mountable frame also includes one or more components for performing the ophthalmic diagnostic test. The frame body may also include a frame body having a chamber for receiving the element. The head-wearable device is configured to be worn by the subject while the frame is attached to the subject. At least a portion of the body is adapted to be located in front of the at least one eye. At least a portion of the frame body is configured to block the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. The opaque portion may be opaque so as to obstruct the at least one of the subjects. said opaque layer can be lifted to allow the passage of peripheral light to one eye. The frame may be hinged to another portion of the frame. At least a portion of the optical element may be constructed from a material that is adjustable in opacity in response to a stimulus. Additionally or alternatively, the at least a portion of the body of the frame is adapted to receive liquid crystal and voltage. It may have a light polarizer that transitions from translucent to opaque upon application of an electric field.

[0092] The head-mountable device further includes a slidable screen coupled to the frame. The screen may be configured to block the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. The frame may be slidably mounted substantially in front of the at least one eye. The system also includes a device for measuring at least the at least one of the subject's blood flow when the device is worn by the subject. an opening configured to be provided substantially in front of one eye, A flip seal coupled to the opening to block or allow the passage of ambient light to the eye. may further be provided.

[0093] In some embodiments, the head-wearable device directs the interrogation light to the subject's The frame may include an optical system coupled to the frame for directing light to at least one eye. The optical system includes a mirror that reflects the test light emitted by the test light source to the subject's eye. The optical system may include a collimator and a diffuser for collimating and diffusing the light emitted by the light source. The head-mountable device may also include a lens through which the inspection light source is mounted. The method may also include a mobile platform on which the mobile platform can be mounted. The actuator may be movable along at least two orthogonal dimensions and / or along three orthogonal dimensions.

[0094] In some embodiments, the alignment mechanism is adapted to illuminate the at least one eye. an infrared light source attached to the frame, and A second eye is mounted within the frame to detect at least a portion of the infrared light returning from the second eye. The head-wearable device may include an infrared detector mounted on the frame. a feedback device mounted to the mobile platform and communicating with the infrared detector and the mobile platform; The feedback system may further include a feedback system for detecting the temperature of the object by the infrared detector. detecting a pupil of the at least one eye based on the one or more signals generated; and before being emitted by the at least one inspection light source by moving the platform. The infrared detector may be arranged to align the light with the pupil of the subject. and generating an image of the subject's pupil based on the infrared light returning from the at least one eye. The feedback system may further include an infrared camera configured to: Based on the shape of the pupil of the subject in the image generated by an external camera, The inspection light emitted by one inspection light source may be aligned. The system reflects the inspection light from the at least one inspection light source and further adapted to allow the infrared light returning from the subject's eye to pass through the infrared detector. The optical fiber 10 may include a dichroic mirror that is mated with the optical fiber 10.

[0095] Other aspects and advantages of the present invention can become apparent from the following drawings and description, All these drawings and descriptions illustrate various aspects of the present invention by way of example only. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0096] A detailed description of various embodiments is provided herein, by way of example, with reference to the following drawings: The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and all references to the drawings are for illustrative purposes only. These statements are made solely for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit in any way the scope of the embodiments described herein below. It will be understood that this is not intended to be a comprehensive representation of the present invention. Also, for convenience, reference numerals may be used to refer to similar components. Throughout the drawing (with or without offset) to indicate an element or feature. ) may be repeated. [Figure 1A] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a head-mounted example of an ophthalmic examination, measurement, detection, and / or diagnosis system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1B] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams illustrating a portion of a head-mounted example of an ophthalmic examination, measurement, detection, and / or diagnosis system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1C] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams illustrating a portion of a head-mounted example of an ophthalmic examination, measurement, detection, and / or diagnosis system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1D] 1 illustrates a portion of a head-wearable device according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1E] 1 shows a schematic of a portion of a head-mountable device having a light seal; [Figure 1F] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a light seal according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1FA]13A-13C illustrate schematic diagrams of another light seal according to some embodiments disclosed herein; [Figure 1FB] 1A-1C illustrate schematic diagrams of examples of light seals according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1G] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a bottom view of a head-mounted embodiment of an ophthalmic examination, measurement, detection, and / or diagnosis system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1H] 1 illustrates an example of a procedure that may be used to ensure single-use of a light-sealing cover according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 1I] FIG. 1 illustrates a high-level block diagram of an ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 illustrates a high-level block diagram of an optical system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example light source according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2C] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example of a light source according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2D] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of another example of a light source according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2E] 13A-B illustrate schematic diagrams of yet another example of a light source according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2F] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example of an eye tracking mechanism according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Diagram 3] A high level block diagram of digital electronic circuitry and hardware that may be used with, incorporated into, or included in whole or in part in an ophthalmic testing and measurement system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4A] FIG. 1 illustrates a high-level block diagram of an ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4A-1] FIG. 2 is a high-level block diagram of another ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4B] FIG. 2 is a high-level block diagram of yet another ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4C] 1 is an example of menu items on a display of an ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4D] 13 is another example of menu items on a display of an ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4E] 1 illustrates a high level diagram of an interface that can be used to obtain biometric information identifying a subject according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5A] FIG. 1 illustrates a high-level block diagram of an ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5B] FIG. 1 illustrates a high-level block diagram of an ophthalmic examination system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5C] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a head-mounted example of an ophthalmic examination, measurement, detection, and / or diagnosis system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 6] 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of an ophthalmic examination system and a measurement system according to the present invention; [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic diagram of a head-worn device according to an embodiment disclosed herein. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an ophthalmic examination system and a measurement system. [Figure 9A] 1 is a schematic diagram of a head-wearable device according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9B] 1 is a schematic diagram of another head-mountable device according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9C] 1 is a schematic diagram of another head-mountable device according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9D] 1 is a schematic diagram of another head-mountable device according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9E]1 is a schematic diagram of another headset according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9F] 1 is a schematic diagram of another headset according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9G] 1 is a schematic diagram of a light seal according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 10A] FIG. 1 illustrates a high level block diagram of a light seal according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 10B] FIG. 13 is a high level block diagram of another light seal according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 11] 1 illustrates an exemplary optical chamber according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 12] 1 is a schematic diagram of an image plane that may be presented to a subject according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 13] 11A-11C are schematic diagrams of other image planes that may be presented to a subject in accordance with some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 14A] 1 illustrates a high-level cross-sectional image of a portion of an optical system that can be used in a head-mounted implementation according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 14B] 13 shows a high level cross-sectional image of a portion of another optical system that can be used in a head mounted implementation according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 illustrates a high-level block diagram of an interface according to some embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 16] 1 is a high-level flowchart of a procedure that can be used by a subject instruction system according to some embodiments disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0097] The present disclosure relates to methods, systems, and methods for performing ophthalmic examinations, measurements, detection, and / or diagnosis. The present invention relates to a method, system, and corresponding apparatus. The devices and equipment may be used to perform various ophthalmic examinations, measurements, detections, and / or diagnoses. For example, the methods, systems, and devices disclosed herein can be used to treat age-related macular degeneration. Age-related maculopathy (AMD, also known as ARM), Vitamin A deficiency, Sols Bee's fundus dystrophy, late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, diabetes-related retinal disorders, For the detection and diagnosis of various ophthalmic conditions and diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, etc. It can be used to perform inspections and measurements.

[0098] FIG. 1A illustrates an ophthalmic examination, measurement, detection, and / or imaging device according to some embodiments disclosed herein. Or, one of the embodiments 100 that can be mounted on the head of a diagnostic system (hereinafter, "ophthalmic examination system"). 1 shows an example schematic, although shown and described in the context of a head-worn device. The ophthalmic examination systems described herein generally may be of any suitable form or configuration. For example, the present invention may be implemented in at least one of the ophthalmic examination systems described herein. The unit may be configured as a head-mounted arrangement 100 (hereinafter, "head-mountable device") and / or a tabletop arrangement. This can be implemented in the embodiment.

[0099] As previously described, the head-mounted device 100 may be configured to measure various aspects of at least one eye of a subject. It can be used to perform various ophthalmic tests and measurements. For example, in some embodiments The head-mounted device 100 measures the dark adaptation of the subject in at least one eye of the subject. Additionally or alternatively, the device may be used to carry out ophthalmic examinations involving the measurement of eye function. The wearable device 100 allows for simultaneous or continuous measurement of both the subject's visual field and the subject's dark adaptation. It can be used for determination and inspection.

[0100] As used herein, the term "dark adaptation" refers to the adjustment of the eye to low light intensity, or This means that the retina regains light sensitivity in the dark after exposure to bright light. Dark adaptation is a process that affects the RPE, Bruch's membrane, and chorion, as disturbances in the retina lead to disturbances in dark adaptation. Impaired dark adaptation can thus be considered a bioassay of the health of the rods. , a clinical marker for disease states in which one or more of the RPE, Bruch's membrane, and chorion are compromised. Such disease states include age-related macular degeneration (AMD, age-related macular degeneration, (also called ARM), vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby fundus dystrophy, late autosomal recessive glaucoma These include dominant retinal degenerations, diabetes-related retinal disorders, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa. Individuals with AMD may experience symptoms that include, but are not limited to, the following: In fact, impaired dark adaptation is generally a clinical or clinical manifestation of the disease. This is thought to occur before structural symptoms become evident. This can be useful in determining the presence or absence of a disease and its onset.

[0101] As used herein, "visual field testing" refers to the testing of visual fields for glaucoma, pituitary disease, stroke, brain tumors, and the like. Dysfunction of central and peripheral vision that may be due to a medical condition, such as a neurological disorder This refers to tests and eye examinations to detect

[0102] Returning to FIG. 1A, the head-mountable device 100 is positioned adjacent to at least one eye of the subject. a headset 102 configured to be placed on at least a portion of the subject's head; and a head mount 103 configured to secure the head set 102. As described in more detail below, the headset 102 may include at least one optical and / or one or more devices that can be used to perform ophthalmic examinations and / or measurements. The system may be configured to manage various components of the above eye examination system.

[0103] The headset 102 is removably and interchangeably connectable to the head mount 103. Once the head mount 103 is connected to the headset 102, the subject When placed over the subject's head, at least a portion of the headset 102 is in contact with the subject's face and and / or the head mount 103 so that it can be securely positioned near (e.g., in front of) the eyes. can be configured to be positioned across the subject's head 102.

[0104] In general, the head mount 103 can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, As shown in FIG. 1A, in some embodiments, the head mount 103 includes a rear portion 103R, an upper portion 103R, and a section 103T, and one or more side sections 103S, one or more side attachment mechanisms (e.g., straps) 104, an upper extension 105, and one or more side connectors 106.

[0105] One or more side connectors 106 are adapted to couple the head mount 103 to the headset 102. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1B to 1C, the side connector 106 may be configured as The mount 103 can be configured to couple to the headset 102. For example, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1C, the side connector 106 is adapted to mate with a mating feature 111 on the headset 102. The head 108 may include an internal receptacle 109 configured as follows: 111 may be located in any suitable location on headset 102. For example, as shown in FIG. As shown, the mating feature 111 is attached to a mating base 110 disposed on a side 102S of the headset 102. The connector can be configured to extend from the connector.

[0106] The head 108 of the side connector 106 has a spring loaded mechanism 112 that surrounds the receptacle 109. The spring loaded mechanism 112 can be coupled to the push button 107 (FIG. 1A). , which push button can be used to engage and / or release the spring loaded mechanism 112. In operation, the head mount 103 is fitted with a headset 102. Through engagement of feature 111 with a spring loaded mechanism 112 within receptacle 109 of connector 106. The head mount 103 can be coupled to a headset 102 via a push button 104. 7, the device can be uncoupled from the headset 102, which This releases the spring loaded mechanism 112 and disengages the receptacle 109 from the mating feature 111. It is possible.

[0107] Head mount 103 is adjustable to accommodate a variety of subject head sizes / hairstyles For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the head mount 103 may include one or more side straps. a ratchet connected to the strap 104 and configured to adjust the length of the one or more straps 104; 113. In some embodiments, the ratchet 113 may be configured to It can be configured as a dial that can be used to extend and / or shorten the length of (For example, the ratchet 113 can be rotated in a counterclockwise direction to stretch the strap 104. (Turn the ratchet clockwise to shorten the strap length.) Thus, at least a portion of the headset 102 is in contact with at least one of the subject's face and / or eyes. The head mount can be adjusted to the subject's head so that it is securely positioned relative to the can.

[0108] Additionally or alternatively, the head mount 103 may be configured to receive at least one of the subject's face and / or eyes. 10. The method of claim 10, further comprising: An adjustable connector 105 can be used to adjust to the subject's head. As shown in FIG. 1, an adjustable connector 105 extends from an upper portion 103T of the head mount 103. The headset 102 may be configured to be coupled to a bracket 114 on the headset 102. In this embodiment, the connector of the adjustable connector 105 is located on the top surface 102T of the headset 102. The wire 114 may be configured to loop around the bracket 114. Generally, the adjustable connector 105 may be attached using any suitable mechanism available in the art. For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the adjustable connector 105 can be Tabs 115 that can be used to facilitate threading of adjustable connector 105 through bracket 114 Once threaded through the bracket 114, the length of the adjustable connector 105 can be adjusted. Adjust and secure the headset 102 and head mount 103 to the subject's head. (eg, by pulling and / or releasing connector 105). Additionally, once looped onto the bracket 114, any suitable Various techniques can be used to secure the adjustable connector 105. For example, in one embodiment In the embodiment, the adjustable connector 105 is a hook and loop connector or a Velcro® connector. ) or the like.

[0109] Further, as shown in FIGS. 1B to 1C, the head mount 103 is Specifically, the head mount 103 can be rotatably coupled to the head set 102. One or more side connectors 106 that couple to the headset 102 are routed to a mating base 110 of the headset 102. For example, in some embodiments, The mating features 111, when mated with the receptacle 109, allow the head mount 103 to function as a headset. The receptor is rotatably connected to the receptor so that it can rotate about the mating feature 111. The head mount 103 can be coupled to the head support 109 at any suitable angle. For example, the head mount 103 may be configured to rotate relative to the headset 102. Approximately 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 7 to rotate around the headset 102 at 0°, 75°, 80°, 85°, and / or 90° It can be configured.

[0110] Additionally, to accommodate hygienic use by multiple subjects, the head mount 103 is The hygiene layer 116 may include a biolayer 116 that is adapted to allow the head mount 103 to contact the subject's head and / or or at least a portion of the inner surface of the head mount 103 that is expected to come into contact with the skin. The sanitary layer 116 can be configured to cover at least the inner surface of the head mount. The part may also be removably and / or replaceably coupled to the part. Layer 116 is removable and replaceable using Velcro® connectors on the interior surface The sanitary layer 116 can be configured to be coupled to any suitable sanitary layer available in the art. For example, in some embodiments, the sanitary layer 116 may include a pre-use / post-use layer. Medical grade silicone that can be cleaned after use (e.g. with a medical grade cleaner) It may contain corn.

[0111] Returning to FIG. 1A, the headset 102 may include a front face 117. The front face 117 may include a display device 117 ( The headset 102 may include a display (e.g., an interactive display device) that is One or more digital cameras intended for use in adjusting the viewing distance of an image plane provided by The headset 102 may further include a headset 118, as well as an input / output port 119. Additional details regarding the components of the display 117 and the one or more dials 118 are provided below. Given.

[0112] As described in more detail below, the input / output port 119 connects the headset 102 to a The head can be coupled to one or more external tools (not shown). The mount 103 receives at least a portion of the wire 121 connected to the input / output port 119. The holder 120 may further include a holder configured to receive at least a portion of the wire 121. By receiving the wire, the holder 120 can be used to hold the wire during the eye examination / screening. The device may function to anchor the device away from the subject's body.

[0113] FIG. 1D illustrates a portion of a head-wearable device according to an embodiment disclosed herein. As shown in FIG. 1D, the headset 102 is slightly tilted relative to the subject's face and / or head. The inner surface 102f may include an inner surface 102f configured to be at least partially disposed on the inner surface. Surface 102f optically couples at least one eye of the subject with head-wearable device 100. (e.g., configured to receive at least one eye of a subject) ) Each of the optical interfaces 122R, 122L may include one or more optical interfaces. Each of the faces 122R, 122L is substantially alignable with at least one eye of the subject. Each configured to couple / interact with one eye of the subject. Although shown as having two optical interfaces 122R, 122L, the headset The set 102 may include any suitable number of optical interfaces. The ophthalmological interfaces 122R, 122L are adapted to accommodate one and / or both eyes of the subject. It can be configured.

[0114] The optical interfaces 122R, 122L may be constructed of any suitable material. For example, interfaces 122R and 122L may be configured to receive signals from the subject's eyes included in headset 102. Optically transparent windows 123R, 123L may be included that allow interaction with optical components.

[0115] Now referring to 1E-1F, headset 102 includes optical interfaces 122R, 122L and and configured to shield at least one eye of the subject (e.g., the eye being tested) from ambient light. The optical seal 124 may include one or more optical seals 124R, 124L formed around the subject's eye(s). Blocking peripheral light is important in measuring dark adaptation and is also a preventative measure for vitamin A deficiency. Sorsby's fundus dystrophy, late stage autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, diabetes-related retinopathy damage, diabetic retinopathy, drug-induced retinal toxicity, glaucoma, intraocular hypertension, retinal hypoxia, retinal pigment epithelium It is also important when performing various other ophthalmic tests and measurements, such as detecting ophthalmologic degeneration, ocular fundus cataracts, etc. It is thought that this is the case.

[0116] The light seals 124R, 124L may have any suitable shape and material available in the art. For example, in some embodiments, the optical seals 124R, 124L may be , 122L and configured to receive / couple / interact with the subject's eye, or and / or a cup-like configuration configured to seal the eye from ambient light (e.g., as shown in FIG. 1F). The configuration may be as follows.

[0117] Although shown having two separate seals for each eye of the subject, the optical seal 124 R, 124L may be configured to block one or both of the subject's eyes from ambient light. Specifically, the light seals 124R, 124L independently isolate each or both eyes of the subject from ambient light. The same and / or different separate eye sensors may be configured to allow for different eye positions (e.g., , or a separate light seal can be provided).

[0118] In general, the optical seals 124R, 124L may be formed according to any suitable technique and / or method as taught herein. The present invention may be constructed using any suitable material available in the art. For example, the optical seals 124R, 124L may be positioned to cover the subject's head, face, and / or the subject's eyes. It can be configured to be substantially conformable to at least a portion of the surrounding area. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1F, the optical seal 124 is connected to the interface 122R on the headset 102. , 122L, and a first opening 124i configured so that the headset 102 is placed on the subject's eyes. configured to be substantially aligned with at least one eye of the subject when applied to the subject The second opening 124o may include a peripheral opening 124o that is inserted into the subject's eye. To block light, the mask should be fitted to the subject's skin and face (e.g., pressed against the subject's face). The device may have a conformable body portion configured to be fixed to the device.

[0119] In some embodiments, the light seal 124 may be configured to provide a suitable and / or effective light seal 124. The device may include one or more sensors 124s configured to monitor device usage. The sensors 124s may generally include any suitable sensor. For example, one or more sensors The 124s was designed to produce a light shield when coupled to the subject's eye to seal the subject's eye from ambient light. One or more sensors configured to measure and / or detect the amount of ambient light leaking through sensor 124. The one or more optical sensors 124s may include the optical sensors 124a and 124b. The one or more light sensors 124s may be configured to measure the intensity of the leaked light. The optical seal may be placed in any suitable location. For example, as shown in FIG. 1F, In some embodiments, the optical sensor 124s detects whether the head-mountable device 100 and the optical seal 124 are When worn by the subject, the device can be positioned adjacent to at least one of the subject's eyes. Cut.

[0120] Additionally or alternatively, one or more sensors 124s may be configured to measure pressure at one or more facial contact points. The sensor may include at least one of a force sensor and a capacitive touch sensor. The pressure sensor and the capacitive touch sensor detect the contact of the device with the subject's body (e.g., face). to ensure proper placement and to avoid contact with the subject's body, face, or skin. It can be used to ensure proper placement of the device and / or light seal.

[0121] Returning to FIG. 1D, the headset 102 may include an optical seal 124 for coupling the headset 102 to the optical seal 124. The head may include one or more coupling features 134. Specifically, as shown in FIG. The inner surface 102f of the set 102 connects to corresponding mating features 135, 136, 137 on the light seal 124. The device may include one or more features 134 configured to: The light seal 190 may be attached to the frame 102 using any suitable means. For example, The optical seal 190 is inserted into a receptacle provided in the frame and is glued to the frame. , or other suitable attachment means may be used to attach to the frame.

[0122] Although shown as separate from the headset 102, at least a portion of the optical seal 124 The component is directly and / or fixedly coupled to the headset 102 of the head-wearable device 100. and / or may be an integral part of the headset 102.

[0123] Additionally, the light seal is described to be used with a disposable, removable cover. However, any suitable material may be used, e.g., before and / or after each subject's use. - Materials that can be cleaned with standard, commonly known, appropriate medical cleaning agents. Additionally or alternatively, the entire optical seal may be inspected prior to and / or after use with each subject. After use, the catheter may be disposable and / or replaceable. For example, as shown in FIG. 1FA, In some embodiments, the light seals 124' each receive at least one eye of the subject. The optical seal comprises a single piece having one or more receptacles 124r' ​​configured to receive In addition, as shown in FIG. 1FB, the optical seal can be used for different face sizes and To accommodate the size and shape, for example, one or more sizes 124sm, ... Available in 24md, 124lg.

[0124] Additionally, the light seal 124 may include one or more portions and / or elements, which Each of these can be reusable and / or disposable. For example, the As shown, the light seal 124 is configured to cover the portion of the light seal that contacts the subject's skin. The cover 125 may include a hygienic cover 125 that is replaced after each use on each subject. The optical seal 124 is configured to be removably and replaceably coupled to the optical seal 124 so that the optical seal 124 can be easily replaced. The cover 125 may be disposable, removable, and / or replaceable. The cover 125 may be a layer and may have any suitable material in the art. Additionally or alternatively, the sanitary cover 125 may comprise a tape (e.g., The adhesive layer may include a layer of adhesive tape.

[0125] In some embodiments, the cover 125 tracks proper use of the head wearable device 100. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags or bars configured to measure and / or track The RFID tag 126 may include any suitable code known in the art. The RFID tag 126 can be attached to the light seal 125 in any suitable known manner. and / or may be incorporated into or coupled to the light seal cover 126. For example, Thus, the RFID tag 126 is used to ensure that the disposable cover 125 is genuine and disposable. In addition, the disposable cover 125 may be incorporated therein.

[0126] Additionally, the RFID tag 126 may be configured to enforce single-use of the disposable cover 125. For example, the head-wearable device 100 and the RFID tag 126 may be mounted in a headset 102. Factory assigned system configured to provide information to an RFID reader 127 located in In operation, the headset 102 When the RFID tag 126 is brought close to the RFID reader 127 and the RFID reader 127 is activated, The operation of the headset 102 and the performance of the eye examination via the headset 120 may be initiated only when the This allows the head-mounted device 100 to be used in ophthalmic examinations. Each time it is used to perform a test, it is replaced with a disposable cover provided by the original manufacturer. 5 can be used. Furthermore, it is possible to ensure that the cover 125 is used only once. To do this, the system 100 detects when the RFID tag 126 is scanned against the RFID reader 127 for the second time. The optical inspection results provided by the device may be displayed / provided only to the .

[0127] FIG. 1H illustrates a single-use version of the cover 125 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. As shown in FIG. 1H, the RFI of the disposable cover 125 is The D-tag 126 is scanned against the RFID reader 127 of the head-mounted device 100. The eye examination and / or measurement can be started using the device 100 that can be worn on the eye ( Box 128). When the test is initialized, the cover 125 (with the RFID tag 126) The head-mounted device 100 is then coupled to the optical inspection system 124 (box 129). and / or can be used to take measurements (box 130). For example, A wearable device is placed on the subject's head and / or face to perform eye examinations and measurements and / or the subject's eye may be connected to an optical interface of an ophthalmic examination system. The optical seal 124 and cover 125 may be attached to the optical seal 124 by contacting the optical seal 124 with the optical cover 125. Upon receipt (box 131, described in more detail below), cover 125 is detached from light seal 125. Once removed from the light seal 124, the RFID tag 1 on the cover 125 may be removed (box 132). 26 is scanned for an RFID reader 127 (box 133). The RFID tag 126 is scanned by the RFID reader 127 to identify the person wearing the head. The device 100 displays the results of the eye exam on the display 117 of the head-mounted device 100. .

[0128] FIG. 1I is a high-level block diagram of an ophthalmic examination system 150 according to an embodiment disclosed herein. As previously mentioned, the embodiments disclosed herein are in the form of a tabletop system, and / or may be implemented in a head-mounted device (e.g., as shown in FIG. 1A). When implemented in a head-mounted device, the ophthalmic examination system is The device is implemented in a headset 102. Although described in the context of a head-wearable device, It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as tabletop systems. It is.

[0129] As shown in FIG. 1I and described above, the headset 102 of the head-wearable system includes: One or more lenses, each configured to receive at least one eye 140R, 140L of a subject. As described with reference to FIG. 1E, each receptor may include receptacles 123R and 123L. The lenses 123R, 123L are configured to block the passage of ambient light to the subject's eyes 140R, 140L. They can be mated with corresponding optical seals 124R, 124L.

[0130] As described in more detail below, headset 102 includes a display device 107, The optical system 20 constitutes optical components for performing various ophthalmic examinations and measurements according to the illustrated embodiment. 0, for use with an ophthalmic testing and measurement system 150 according to embodiments disclosed herein, Digital electronic circuitry that may be incorporated in or wholly or partially contained in it and hardware 300.

[0131] FIG. 2A is a high-level block diagram of an optical system 200 according to an embodiment disclosed herein. In the example shown in FIG. 2A, the optical system 200 has a housing 201 that houses the components of the optical system. However, optical system 200 need not have a housing, and various configurations of optical systems may be used. It will be appreciated that the elements may be located within the housing of the headset 102 or a tabletop device. It should be.

[0132] Optical system 200 generally includes one or more optical components configured to emit one or more light beams. A source (collectively referred to as source S) that produces one or more beams of light at one or more wavelengths. The light source may be configured to emit a light having a wavelength of 100 nm or less. and / or any suitable light source available, e.g., a laser, Light sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), and liquid crystal displays (LCDs) Further, the light source is configured to emit a light beam of one or more wavelengths. The light source can be a single-mode or multimode light source. For example, the light source can be a or other suitable optics to emit a light beam at any desired wavelength. Those skilled in the art will recognize that optical system 200 may be any suitable broadband light source configured to illuminate the optical system 200. It should be understood that any number of light sources may be included.

[0133] In some embodiments, the light source S is adapted to stimulate rod-shaped photoreceptors in the subject's eye. The stimulus light may be configured to generate a stimulus light having a useful spectrum. In some embodiments, the wavelengths may range from about 400 nm to about 570 nm. The stimulus light source generates a stimulus light beam having a duration ranging from about 100 ms to about 400 ms. The present invention can be configured to achieve this.

[0134] As described in U.S. Patent No. 5,399,633, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. The subject's ability to dark adapt is assessed using psychophysical testing methods known in the art. to measure scotope sensitivity recovery (i.e., rod function) after photobleaching. In such psychophysical tests, subjects usually The test eye was exposed to conditioning light to induce a state of relative scotome insensitivity in advance. (This procedure is called "photobleaching" or "bleaching"). This preconditioning (or After bleaching, the subject's night vision sensitivity (or the minimum light intensity that can be detected in a dark environment) was This measurement is performed by applying a series of stimuli of different intensities to the bleached area of ​​the test eye. This may be done by shining a light on the subject. Based on the feedback, the sensitivity (threshold) is determined for successive time periods. The absolute levels and / or speeds of the resulting threshold curves are then measured. indicates the subject's ability to adapt to darkness. Impairment of the subject's dark adaptation parameters indicates that the subject A condition that affects one or more of the following: the RPE, Bruch's membrane, and / or the chorion may indicate that you currently have and / or are at risk for a disease. be.

[0135] Referring to FIG. 2A, the light source S may be configured to emit light at one or more predetermined times and / or at one or more predetermined For example, the light source device may be configured to emit a light beam in a time frame of The study consisted of administering a light beam designed to stimulate the subject's eyes every 1-5 seconds or every 2-3 seconds. The intensity of the stimulation light is about 4 cd / m 2 ~Approx. 4.85cd / m 2 , about 4 cd / m 2 ~about 5cd / m 2 , about 5.0×10 -5 cd / m 2 ~about 5cd / m 2 , about 4.0×10 -5 cd / m 2 ~about 5 cd / m 2 , about 4.0×10 -5 cd / m 2 ~about 4cd / m 2 , or approximately 4.0 × 10 -5 cd / m 2 ~About 5 CDs / m 2 The intensity may range from 0.01 to 0.01.

[0136] Additionally or alternatively, the light source S may induce bleaching of the photopigment or a portion of the rhodopsin molecule in the test eye of the subject. The light source device may be configured to generate bleaching light that allows desensitization of the area. The device S is a light beam having one or more wavelengths in the range of about 490 nm to about 510 nm or about 600 nm to about 700 nm. In addition, the light source S may be configured to emit one or more bleaching light pulses. It can be configured to generate at a predefined time and / or at one or more predefined time slots. For example, light source S may emit bleaching light having a duration ranging from about 0.5 milliseconds to about 200 milliseconds. The light source device S may be configured to emit a light beam having one or more intensities. For example, the bleaching light beam can have a logarithmic dimming of about 1.5. Intensities ranging from approximately 8 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to approximately 3 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec The intensities may range from about 5 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to about 5 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec.

[0137] The light source S also generates a bleaching light or a stimulating light (e.g., The light source may also be configured to generate a fixation light configured to direct the subject's attention to the In some embodiments, the optical system 200 is configured to present a fixation point 210 to the subject. wherein the subject is instructed to fixate gaze at least at some point during the ophthalmic examination. The fixing light beam is of a wavelength (e.g., for example, within the range of about 605 nm and about 655 nm) and the desired light intensity (e.g., depending on the size of the pupil). From about 1 mlux to about 100 mlux, from about 1 mlux to about 80 mlux, from about 1 mlux to about 460 mlux, can be configured to emit visible light in the range of about 1.47 mlux to 57.6 mlux. Additionally, although described as a single light source S, the optical system 200 may include two or more light sources S. For example, the optical system 100 may include a light source configured to emit a light beam for bleaching and a light beam for stimulating. and another light source configured to emit a light beam of

[0138] As mentioned above, the light source S can be any suitable light source available in the art. For example, the light source S may include an LED light source, an OLED light source, and / or an LCD light source. The light source, the OLED light source, and / or the LCD light source provide at least one of a stimulating light and a bleaching light. can be used to generate

[0139] For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, at least one LED, OLED, and / or LCD light source S f , and / or at least one LED, OLED, and / or LCD pixel light source S f Use Additionally or alternatively, at least one and at least one other LED, OLED, and / or LCD light source SB for emitting bleaching light. LED, OLED, and / or LCD light sources can be used as bleaching light sources. B Used as When the subject's eyes 240 are tracked in real time, the subject's eyes 240 can be tracked in real time. Possible eye / pupil movements (due to wandering eye) can be compensated for within a given range. Similarly, when used to provide fixation and stimulus light, such light sources (e.g., light source S f ) can provide real-time alignment of the light source to the subject's eyes. do.

[0140] Specifically, such a light source S B , S f is the distance between the LED / OLED / LCD pixel light source and the subject's eye. Provide appropriate stimulus light levels to the subject's eyes, regardless of placement angle The intensity of the applied stimulation light can be adjusted (eg, using cosine correction techniques).

[0141] In some embodiments, the alignment angle between the LED / OLED / LCD pixel source and the subject's eye is mechanically determined. For example, in some embodiments, the control may be adjusted using a knob or dial (e.g., For example, use the dial 118) to move the fixation light source S in the direction indicated by the arrow m1. f Manually adjust Specifically, the dial 118 is a fixation light source S f Subjects that can be connected to The fixation source S is configured to move axially relative to the eye(s). f suffered By moving it relative to the subject's eye(s), the dial 118 adjusts the fixation source S f and / or to compensate for possible reflection errors in the subject's eyes (e.g. For example, it is possible to compensate for myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism or presbyopia. Dial 118 can be adjusted by the subject and / or the technician / clinician administering the eye exam to the subject. The present invention can be configured to allow such a configuration.

[0142] Alternatively or additionally, the alignment between the LED / OLED / LCD pixel source and the subject's eye can be automatically For example, some implementations employ a pupil tracking mechanism to The position and / or size of the pupil of the subject can be detected, as described in more detail below. Thus, the processing device (e.g., included in digital electronic circuitry and hardware 300) Receives the emitted pupil position and aligns the LED / OLED / LCD pixel source with the subject's eye. Once this is accomplished, the relevant components of the optical system 200 can be instructed to Such alignment would then be expected to reduce the appropriate stimulus intensity caused, for example, by subjects with eye-wandering. This allows for a reduction in the amount of cosine correction required to ensure uniformity.

[0143] Additionally, in some implementations, a fixation light source S f Configure it to adjust automatically For example, as described in more detail below, a fixation light source S f Is the subject A processing unit (e.g., a digital processor) adjusts and focuses the fixation light in response to receiving a response from the The digital electronics and hardware included in the digital electronics and hardware 300 are configured to be controlled by the For example, as described in more detail below, the processing device may detect whether the subject is viewing a fixation light and / or or fixation point 210, and responding to the Then, the fixation light source S is adjusted to focus the fixation light for the subject. f Adjust the position of It can be configured as follows.

[0144] Similarly, LED, OLED, and / or LCD light sources are bleaching light sources. B When used as For example, as described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2A, the visual acuity provided by the eye tracking mechanism The eye tracking system can be configured to move in accordance with the subject's eyes (in response to a feedback signal provided by the subject). and achieve alignment with the subject's eye(s). In some embodiments, the bleaching source S B The eye is stimulated by the subject through two-dimensional movement in the XY plane. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2B, the bleaching light source S B is an arrow The stimulus light and fixation light S are directed in the direction indicated by m2 and / or the direction indicated by arrow m3. f A light source that generates This configuration allows the bleaching light source S to move in front of the B is the subject's It is possible to provide the light beam necessary to bleach the photoreceptors of the eye. Once the bleaching is complete, the bleaching light source B is the light source S of the fixation light and / or the stimulus light f Fixation light emitted by The subject's eyes may be exposed to a light source and / or a stimulus light.

[0145] Fixation and stimulus LED, OLED, and / or LCD light source screens for real-time Can move in relation to eye tracking, specifically for fixation and / or stimuli Light source for S f A real-time eye-tracking mechanism ( For example, the device can be configured to move in response to information received from a pupil tracking mechanism. As shown in Figure 2C, the LED, OLED, and / or LCD light source screen can be positioned anywhere in the XY plane. For example, arrows a1, a2, a3, a4, ..., a n-1 , a n Shown in a1, a2, a3, a4, ..., a n-1 , a n (where n is a finite number (It is.)

[0146] Figure 2D shows that subjects' eyes can be exposed to LED, OLED, and / or LCD light source screens. As shown, a light source S f The screen T is The light source 240 is placed in front of the examiner's eyes to measure the straightness of the light DL (for example, the straightness of the stimulus light) FIG. 2D also shows the difference in the degree of deviation of the subject's eyes from the light source. , denotes the cosine angle C for correcting the stimulation intensity. As mentioned above, the cosine correction The technique is independent of the alignment angle between the LED / OLED / LCD pixel source and the subject's eye. , can be used to ensure that appropriate stimulus light levels are directed to the eyes.

[0147] In addition, as shown in FIG. 2E, the curvature of the LED, OLED, and / or LCD light source screen T By using the above, the correction of the intensity can be reduced to deal with the eye wandering. As shown in 2E, a concave spherically curved OLED screen was placed with its center point aligned with the subject's eye / pupil. T s By using this, it is possible to accommodate eye movements without the need for intensity correction. EL Screen T s The spherical curvature of the screen allows the subject's line of sight to be focused on the OLED screen. s from The emitted beam is within the irradiation range and the appropriate amount of light is always irradiated to the subject's eyes. It becomes.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 2A, an optical system 200 directs a light beam emitted from a light source toward a subject's eye 240. and one or more optical components (collectively referred to by the reference letter O) configured to The optical component is configured to direct the light emitted by the light source to the subject's eye 240. The optical system may be configured to direct the focused light beam to any suitable portion of the subject's eye 240. Any suitable portion of the subject's eye, for example, the pupil and / or the iris of at least one eye 240 of the subject, may be The optical system may be configured to target the optical fiber to the retina and / or the retina.

[0149] The optical component O may generally include any suitable optical element available in the art. For example, optical component O may be optically coupled to a light source S such that a light beam emitted from the light source S is The light source may include at least one lens 206 configured to collimate the light. The lens 206 includes at least one aspheric lens 206 adapted to correct spherical aberration. It is possible.

[0150] Additionally or alternatively, the optical component O may be configured to redirect the light beam emitted from the light source as required. The light source 202 may include one or more mirrors 207 configured to redirect the light. The upper mirror 207 is configured to direct the light emitted by the test light source to the subject's eye. One or more mirrors 207 reflect light from the test source S to the subject's pupil, At least one dichroic mirror configured to pass light returning from the subject's eye through the optical system 200. As described in more detail below, the light source S may be configured to illuminate at least one of the subjects. An infrared light source and an infrared light detector IR configured to illuminate the eye D (see below). The upper mirror 207 reflects the light from the infrared light source to the subject's pupil, directing it away from the subject's eye and toward the optical system 200. at least one dichroic mirror configured to allow passage of light returning to the By way of example, the infrared light may have a wavelength greater than about 700 nanometers. .

[0151] In some embodiments, the light source S and / or the optical components O are contained in a hermetically sealed package 204. The hermetic package 204 can be an integral part of the optical system 200. Alternatively, the optical system may be adapted to provide for removal and / or replacement of optical components. 200. The sensor 200 may be configured to be removably and replaceably mounted within the sensor 200.

[0152] The optical system 200 includes one or more mechanisms 2 for controlling the movement of the light source S and / or the optical system O. Specifically, the light source S and / or the optical system O may further include an optical system 2 Within the housing 201 of the headset 100 and within the frame 102 of the headset 102, a light source S and / or The optical system O may be coupled to one or more mechanisms 208 for moving and / or rotating the optical system O. For example, As described, one or more mechanisms 208 may include a receiver 206 for receiving real-time information regarding the position of the subject's pupils. and / or in response to information or feedback received from the subject, a light source S and / or coupled to a processing circuit that moves and / or directs the movement of the optical component O. and / or may be controlled by a processing circuit. The mechanism 208 includes one or more movable platforms on which the light source S and / or optical components O are mounted. The platforms 202 and 203 may include an optical inspection system. and / or) a light source and / or optical components in a headset 102 of the system 100; 200. The housing 201 of the optical element 200 may be movable to allow movement of the optical element 200 relative to the optical element 201. In some embodiments, the platforms 202, 203 can be configured to To align the source relative to the pupil, the source is translated along at least two orthogonal directions. At least two sensors are provided to align the light source with respect to the pupil of the subject's eye 240. Additionally or alternatively, the platform may be movable along two orthogonal directions. 202, 203 may be arranged in a fixed state relative to the housing 201 and / or the headset 102. This can be done.

[0153] Additionally, the one or more mechanisms 208 may be configured to engage the one or more mechanisms 208 to illuminate the light source S and / or A dial or knob 218 / 118 (FIG. 1A) is coupled to the optical component O and configured to move the optical component O. The dial 218 may be configured to be rotatable by a user. A cam 219 is coupled to the dial 218 and controls the rotational movement of the knob / dial 218 to activate the light source. The optical component S and / or the optical component O may be configured to translate into linear movement.

[0154] Alternatively or additionally, the mechanism for moving the fixation light may be a motor such as an electrically controlled motor. The motor may be a stepper motor 220. User input of prescription, real-time user control of linear movement of fixation light, and / or In response to instructions received from a processor included in the digital circuitry 300 of the ophthalmic examination system, It may be configured to allow at least one control.

[0155] The optical system 200 is configured to determine the position and orientation of the light source S and / or optical component O relative to the pupil of the subject's eye 240. an automatic pupil tracking mechanism 205 configured to adjust and / or orient the pupil of the subject; The automatic pupil tracking mechanism 205 may further include a light source (e.g., a visible light source or an infrared light source). line light source)IR S and a light detector (e.g., a camera, a light detector capable of detecting visible light or a camera IR (Infrared Light Detector, Infrared Light Detector, or Infrared Camera) D The light may include Detector IR D determines the size of the subject's pupil based on light returning from at least one eye 240 of the subject. The light source may be a camera configured to generate an image. S is the subject's eye A portion of the light incident on the subject's eye is reflected. The reflected light is then returned to the automatic pupil tracking mechanism 205. The light detector detects the reflected light and calculates the reflected light. Based on the received light, the position and / or size of the pupil of the subject's eye 240 is determined.

[0156] In some embodiments, the light source is IR SFor example, about 700n to illuminate the subject's eyes. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2A, a light beam with a wavelength larger than m can be generated. The optical system 200 can include a mirror m1, which can be a dichroic mirror. , light source IR S The optical fiber may be configured to reflect visible light generated by the optical fiber. The dichroic mirror is S The return of light from the subject's eye in response to illumination by IR photodetector that allows the light to pass through and reflect back D It is also possible to guide light to

[0157] Photodetector IR D may be located at any suitable location on the optical system and / or within headset 102. It can be mounted in any suitable position (e.g., after the optics and / or after the dichroic mirror m1). Detect and / or image the light returning from the illuminated eye through the dichroic mirror m1. It can be configured as follows.

[0158] As mentioned above, the automatic pupil tracking mechanism 205 can be coupled to at least one of the light sources. At least one of the light source S, the optical component O and / or the platform(s) 202, 203 and aligning at least one of these elements with the pupil of the subject's eye 240. The automatic pupil tracking mechanism 205 includes a feedback system (described later with reference to FIG. 6). The ophthalmic examination system 200 may further include a function for detecting an eye of the subject when the ophthalmic examination system 200 is placed against the subject's eye 240. 240 automatically detects the position and / or size of the pupil and, in response, and / or positioning at least one of the platforms 202, 203 over the pupil of the subject's eye 240. The electrodes may be configured to align.

[0159] In general, any suitable mechanism for tracking the subject's eyes or pupils is contemplated herein. can be employed in the practice of the disclosed embodiments. Patent Document 3 (title: "Pupil Reflection Eye Tracking System and Method") The present invention employs an eye tracking mechanism similar to that disclosed in the above publication (the entirety of which is incorporated by reference). Referring to FIG. 2F, such an eye-tracking mechanism 9 can be implemented by detecting an illumination source 17 (e.g., Source IR shown in Figure 2A S ) The illumination source 17 may include an infrared or near infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Emits radiation having one or more wavelengths in its outer portion - for example, wavelengths below 1.5 microns A variety of illumination sources may be employed, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs). Illumination source 17 emits a beam of light having a diameter smaller than the pupil diameter, e.g., less than about 1 mm The beam splitter 27 may be configured to split the light emitted by the illumination source 17 into The light 12 reflected from the subject's eye in response to the illumination is directed to a detector 11. The device may be arranged and configured to:

[0160] Detector 11 (e.g., detector IR shown in FIG. 2A) D ) are known in the art Any suitable detector may be used, for example a detector having a plurality of concentric substantially donut-shaped quadrants. The detector 11 may be a quarter detector having an area of ​​a shape. 1, which receives the incident radiation and defines the spatial extent of the eye's pupil 14 and measures the received radiation on a detector 11. The image sensor may be configured to generate data indicative of the position of the line. A processing unit 23 containing suitable software 24 for determining the pupil position from the acquired data. It can be sent.

[0161] The processor 23 further processes the detector data to select regions of the detector to be used, and and / or generating an error signal based on a ratio of detected signals from different detector regions. The error signal generated by the processor can then be used to determine whether bleaching and / or stimulation is possible. The light sources (illumination source 17) are adjusted to measure the relationship between the light emitted by these sources and the pupils of the subject. to a control device 25 that can ensure qualitative alignment. The control device 25 also receives a control signal from the processing device 23 and controls the optical Optical elements 31, 32 (e.g. mirrors and The NI PXIe-8110 can control various elements of the system, such as the focus, focus lens, and power supply.

[0162] Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the controller 210 controls the detector IR D and communicated with the subject's eyes 240 IR detector in response to detection of infrared light returning from D It is possible to receive an electrical signal generated by The control device 210 may be configured to position the source IR relative to the pupil of the subject's eye 240. S To determine the relative placement of More specifically, the control device 240 can be configured as follows: D Generated by The electrical signal is processed and its magnitude is determined by the infrared source IR S and the degree of misalignment of the subject's pupil An error signal indicative of

[0163] If the error signal generated by the control device is greater than a predefined threshold, the control The device 240 controls the movement of the movable platforms 202, 203 to minimize the error signal. This allows the light source S to be substantially aligned with the subject's pupil. The light source S for generating the light, the stimulus light, and the fixation light is fixed on the platform 202, 203. The platform is positioned so that it can move relative to the subject's pupil. This can result in substantial alignment of the light source S with respect to the subject's pupil.

[0164] A movable platform 203, 203' on which the lens is mounted directs light towards the subject's pupil. an automatic alignment device configured to continuously align the optical system with respect to the light source to achieve the desired image quality; The movable platform 203, 203' can be configured as X, Y, and The object can move along three orthogonal dimensions, designated as the A and Z dimensions. The Z dimension is , is chosen to be along the light propagation direction, and the X and Y dimensions are orthogonal to the Z direction. The movable platform 203, 203' is arranged so that the direction of light propagation is substantially aligned with the subject's pupil. Thus, the object can be moved along these dimensions.

[0165] Referring to FIG. 2A, an infrared light source IR S and infrared light detector IR D The pupil tracking mechanism 205 is mounted on the housing 201. and / or at any suitable location within headset 102, such as optical interface 122L. , 122R, transparent window 123L, 123R, light seal 124L, 124R- adjacent to rear housing, eye cutter on the wall of the rear housing in the eye chamber containing the eyepiece and / or on the disposable optical seal. It can be placed adjacent to the sphere.

[0166] Additionally, embodiments disclosed herein generally involve manipulating the detected signal to: Any suitable technique for achieving a degree of alignment of the light source with respect to the subject's pupil. In addition, when a misalignment of the light source with respect to the subject's pupil is detected, a control The apparatus 210 substantially aligns the light source S and / or the optical component O with respect to the subject's pupil. To achieve this, the motion of the movable platforms 202, 203 is caused via a feedback loop. More specifically, in some embodiments, the control device 110 can control the X-axis, Y-axis, Various means for moving the movable platforms 202, 203 along the Z-axis and the Y-axis. (e.g. a motor) can be operated.

[0167] Additionally, the alignment mechanism 205 continuously tracks the position of the subject's pupils while the eye examination is being performed. This allows the light source to be tracked and the deviation of the light source relative to the subject's pupil to be continuously corrected. Thus, the alignment mechanism may be adapted to compensate for, among other things, unintended movement of the subject's eye, vibration, and light. It is possible to correct other unnecessary movements of the system.

[0168] In some embodiments, prior to using the ophthalmic examination system 100 disclosed herein, , the pupils of the subject's eyes can be dilated. The automated pupil tracking mechanism 205 can Configured to compensate for pupil size and to compensate for changes induced in the subject's pupil(s) The automatic pupil tracking mechanism 205 also performs these corrections in real time. Alternatively or additionally, the pupil tracking mechanism 205 may measure the size or shape of the subject's pupil. When correcting and determining the position, the subject's upper eyelid and / or lower eyelid and / or eyelashes The position of the subject's pupil can be corrected. In this case, the ophthalmic examination system 150 adjusts the intensity of the stimulus and / or bleaching light applied to the subject's eye. In other words, the eye examination system 150 can adjust the pupil size of the subject. Based on the intensity of the stimulus and / or bleaching light applied to the subject's eyes, the intensity of the stimulus and / or bleaching light applied to the subject's eyes can be adjusted. Cut.

[0169] Although not described herein, optical system 200 generally performs its intended function. The optical system 200 may include any components necessary to provide the following functions: Typical examples include fundus retinal imaging, retinal densitometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluoroscopy. Rosen angiography, OCT angiography (OCTA), multispectral imaging, scanning Laser ophthalmoscope, anterior segment OCT, deep field OCT, retinal metabolic imaging, ocular blood flow imaging , adaptive optics, autofluorescence, non-mydriatic fundus camera, optic nerve imaging, ultrasound, anterior segment photography, Slit lamp and refractive eye care including pachymeter and intraocular examination functions It includes the functions necessary to perform inspections, etc.

[0170] FIG. 3 illustrates a ophthalmic examination and measurement system for use with an embodiment disclosed herein. Digital content that may be incorporated in or contained in whole or in part FIG. 3 is a high-level block diagram of the electrical circuitry and hardware 300 of an ophthalmic and / or a processing unit 31 configured to receive and / or control the operation of the ophthalmic examination system; May contain 0.

[0171] The processing unit 310 controls the operation of the ophthalmic examination system 150 and / or the head-mounted device 100. collect or receive information and data about and / or store information and data about or to another part (e.g., another part of the eye examination system) The processing device 310 may further include a head-mounted device 100 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 1A ). The information and data collected by the ophthalmic examination system 150 (as implemented in Control, monitor, and / or perform various functions necessary to analyze, interpret, track, and report In general, these functions can be implemented by any suitable computer. Implemented by the system and / or in digital circuitry or computer hardware The processing unit 310 may be implemented and configured to perform various functions and functions described herein. The method may be implemented and / or controlled.

[0172] The processor 310 further monitors the operation of the ophthalmic examination system 150 and performs processing related to the operation of the system 150. and / or receive signals to control the operation of the system 150. The processing unit 310 may also be configured to perform various operations related to the operation of the system 150. collect or receive data and / or store the data or transfer it to another institution (e.g. The call can be forwarded to a designated facility (e.g., a medical facility).

[0173] The processing unit 310 may be coupled to a main memory 320 and may receive data from the main memory 320. A central processing unit (CPU) including processing circuitry configured to operate on the instructions stored in the CPU to execute various instructions. CPU 315 may be any suitable processing unit known in the art. For example, the CPU 315 may be an application specific instruction set processor, Graphics Processing Unit, Physical Processing Unit, Digital Signal Processing Unit, Image Processing processor, coprocessor, floating point processor, network processor, and / or digital general purpose and / or other suitable processing device such as a processor capable of being used in a computing device. Alternatively or additionally, the processor may be a , may include at least one of a multi-core processing unit and a front-end processing unit.

[0174] In general, the processing unit 310 and CPU 315 access a main memory 320 (e.g., a read-only memory and receives instructions and data from the The instructions and other data can be stored in a main memory. The processing unit 310 and main memory 320 may be configured to store special purpose logic circuits. The main memory 320 may be included in the logic circuitry or may be supplemented by special purpose logic circuitry. , data and computer program instructions. Any volatile, non-volatile, semi-volatile or virtual memory contained in the device For example, main memory 320 may be a magnetic disk (e.g., For example, built-in or removable disks, magneto-optical disks, semiconductor storage devices (e.g. For example, EPROM or EEPROM), flash memory, CD-ROM, and / or DVD-ROM disks. The shape may be one of the following:

[0175] The main memory 320 is configured to implement various operating system functions. For example, an operating system 325 may be configured The system 325 may be configured to control access to various devices, manage memory, and / or perform optical The operating system 150 may be responsible for implementing various functions of the operating system 150. The operating system 325 manages the hardware and software resources of the computer. and any suitable network that can provide common services for computer programs. It may be system software.

[0176] The main memory 320 may also hold application software 327. For example, main memory 320 and application software 327 may be implemented as described herein. Computer-executable instructions and data structures implementing various aspects of the disclosed embodiments. , various computer executable instructions, application software, and data structures For example, the main memory 320 and the application software 327 may include may be employed to communicate with the subject, for example to instruct the subject during an ophthalmic examination. A subject instruction system capable of The present invention may include computer-executable instructions and data structures that implement the method and system.

[0177] Generally, the functions performed by the ophthalmic examination system 150 are implemented using digital electronic circuitry, or refers to a computer that runs software, firmware, or a combination of both It can be implemented in hardware. The implementation can be implemented in a data processing device (e.g. a computer , programmable processing device, or multiple computers), and A computer program product (e.g., a non-transitory program product) for controlling the operation of a data processing apparatus. (a computer program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable storage device) It is possible to do so.

[0178] The main memory 320 also stores copies of the data from the main memory 320 that are most frequently used. The memory may also be connected to a cache unit (not shown) configured to store Program code that may be used in the embodiments disclosed herein may be written in a compiled language or can be implemented and written in any form of programming language, including interpreted languages. It can be used as a stand-alone program or in a computing environment. Any suitable component, module, subroutine, or other unit, including A computer program can be deployed in any form. or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected via a communications network such as the Internet. It can be configured to run on multiple connected computers.

[0179] The processing unit 310 may further be coupled to a database or data storage device 330. The data storage device 330 stores data relating to the various functions and operations of the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 150. For example, the data storage device 330 may be configured to store information and data related to the The data collected by the ophthalmic examination and measurement system 150 can be stored. Additionally, in some embodiments, the database 330 may include information about the types of information that may be of interest to authorized interested parties. The system may be configured to store information about a possible detected event. For example, as described in more detail below, the database 330 may include a database of the head of the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 150. A detected sudden acceleration or deceleration event occurring in an implementation of the partially mountable device 100. The number can be configured to be stored for a period of time.

[0180] The processing unit 310 further includes a display unit 317 (e.g., the display unit 117 also shown in FIG. 1A). The display device 370 is configured to receive information and instructions from the processor. Display device 370 may generally be any suitable display device available in the art. A display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a light emitting diode (LED) display device. For example, the display device 370 may receive instructions from a user and / or display a Smart display and / or touch-sensitive devices that can provide information to users It is possible to provide a dynamic display device.

[0181] The processing unit 310 may further be connected to various interfaces. The connection to the interface is made via the system or input / output (I / O) interface 349 ( For example, Bluetooth, USB connectors, audio interfaces, FireWire, peripherals The I / O interface can be established through a The interface 349 may be directly or indirectly connected to the ophthalmic examination system 150 .

[0182] The processing device 310 further includes a communication interface 3, such as a network interface. 40. The communication interface 340 can be connected to the ophthalmic examination and measurement system 150. A communication interface is included and / or a device is provided for communicating with the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 150. For example, the communication interface 340 may be configured as follows: The interface 340 may provide a connection to a suitable communications network 344, such as the Internet, for the eye examination. a communication interface configured to provide to the measurement system 150. Data, information, and instructions may be transmitted and received via a communications network 344. Additionally, in some embodiments, the communication interface 340 may be a wireless LAN (e.g., WIFI and and any suitable communication method, such as a wired or wireless communication protocol, including the Bluetooth communication scheme. A digital circuit 300 (e.g., a remote computer) and an ophthalmic examination and measurement system (through a The interface may be configured to enable communication between the Cut.

[0183] FIG. 4A illustrates a high-level block diagram of a system 400 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. In the example shown in FIG. 4A, the ophthalmic examination and measurement system 450 1) performs an ophthalmic examination on a subject. Receive instructions for operating the Ophthalmic Test and Measurement System 450 from the provider / clinician providing the and 2) an interface unit 460 configured to receive a response from the subject.

[0184] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A and as described above in relation to FIGS. 1A-3, an ophthalmic examination system The stem 450 is mounted in a headset 402 of a head-wearable device and is adapted to receive at least one of the The ophthalmic examination system 450 may be configured to receive one eye 440. an optical system 200 including various components necessary to perform the ophthalmic examination and measurements described herein; Digital electronic circuitry and hardware 300 for implementing various functions of the clinical testing system 450 As described in relation to FIG. 3, the digital electronic circuitry and the hardware The hardware 300 includes a processing unit 310, an I / O interface 349, and a communication interface 340. The I / O interface 349 may include a direct or indirect connection to the ophthalmic examination system 450. 4. The ophthalmic examination system 450 can be connected to various interfaces. For example, as described above, the I / O interface 349 may be configured to The stem 450 can be coupled to an RFID reader 427. The RFID reader 427 is a type of RFID reader that is known in the art. The RFID reader may be any RFID reader known in the art. In an implementation (e.g., FIG. 1A), the RFID reader 427 may be located anywhere on the exterior of the head-wearable device. The interface 427i may be disposed at an appropriate position.

[0185] The RFID reader 427 performs asset tracking (e.g., asset tracking of disposable items) and Only systems, devices, and / or components manufactured by the OEM may be used in ophthalmic applications. The above can be configured to ensure that the device is used in the inspection system 450. As mentioned, the RFID reader 427 is used to isolate the subject's eyes from ambient light. The disposable / hygienic cover used to cover the optical seal 124 must be It can be configured as follows.

[0186] As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the RFID tag 426 (e.g., a passive RFID tag The cover 425 having the light seal can be used with the RFID tag 426. For example, the eye examination system may be configured to enforce a single use of the cover 425. The system 450 (e.g., by placing the RFID tag 426 in the vicinity of the interface 427i of the RFID reader 427) The RFID tag 426 on the cover is scanned against the RFID reader 427. The RFID tag 426 and the Although described in terms of a RFID reader and a cellular telephone, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any tracking system available for use in the present invention may be used for asset tracking and management using the embodiments disclosed herein. For example, a bar code 426 may be attached to the cover and The cover 427 may be configured to be tracked by a code reader 427. In addition to 25, any other parts or portions of the ophthalmic examination system 450 may include RFID tags and / or A tracking mechanism such as a bar code or the like can be configured.

[0187] As previously mentioned, the tracking mechanism 427 (e.g., an RFID reader or a barcode reader, hereinafter The RFID reader (commonly referred to as an “RFID reader”) is connected to the processing unit of the digital circuit 300 of the ophthalmic examination system 350. 310 directly or indirectly (e.g., via an I / O interface 349). The RFID reader 427 reads the RFID tag 426 (or a barcode or an OCR code, When the RFID tag (commonly referred to as "RFID tag" below) is scanned, the RFID reader reads the The information stored in the memory 310 can be configured to be sent to the processor 310 for processing. The device 310 processes the information and determines whether the information on the RFID tag 426 is recorded on the original manufacturer's disposable. For example, the eye examination system 450 determines whether the RFID tag corresponds to the The database 330 (FIG. 3) is produced by the original manufacturer of the ophthalmic examination system 450. Construct a list of information stored on the RFID tags of consumables / components known to have been used. Upon receiving the information contained in the scanned RFID tag, the processing unit 310 matches the information in the scanned RFID tag with information in the database 330 to find a match. If a match is found, the processor 310 transfers the RFID tag 426 and consumables 425 to the RFID tag 216 and consumables belonging to the original manufacturer. The processing device 310 also receives the operator / clinician who operates the ophthalmic examination system 450. When a clinical physician administers a test to a subject and / or to himself / herself, he / she uniquely identifies the subject. It is possible to provide identification information that can be used to identify the As will be described in more detail below, identifying information may be any information known in the art, such as, for example, name, medical record number, biometric information, etc. The information may include any suitable information known and / or available in the art.

[0188] As described above, the ophthalmic examination and measurement system 450 provides: 1) a system for performing an ophthalmic examination on a subject; 2) receive instructions from the subject / clinician to operate the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 450; The device may include an interface unit 460 configured to receive a response. In some embodiments, the interface unit 460 may be provided to a provider and / or clinician for one or more navigation keys configured to initiate and / or perform an ophthalmic examination; For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the interface unit 460 may include: Gives clinicians the ability to move the cursor on the screen vertically (up and down) and horizontally (left and right) The device may include one or more keys 461, 462, 463, 464 configured to provide. Although the interface unit 460 has four keys 461, 462, 463, and 464, the interface unit 460 may be any of the four keys. Note that the number of keys included in the In addition, providers should allow the user to move the on-screen cursor in any suitable number of directions. For example, an interface may provide five-way movement of a cursor on a screen. This can be done.

[0189] Additionally, the display device 407 of the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 450 may be used by a clinician to initialize and / or Alternatively, the inspection process may be facilitated. Thus, the display device 407 of the eye examination system 450 may be used to initiate and / or perform an eye examination. The device can be configured to provide the clinician with one or more menus to use when selecting a device. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the display device 402 may display at least one image of the subject for a clinician to administer the test. A menu 407m can be configured to select one eye 440R, 440L at a time. Once eye 440R is selected, display device 407 may instruct the clinician on the type of test to be performed on the subject's selected eye 440R. In some embodiments, the user may be presented with another menu to select the test to be performed. The display device 407 may then be adapted to allow the clinician to perform the same or two different tests on the subject's eyes. In addition, the display device 407 may display a plurality of images to the subject's eye 440R. The test may be given the option to perform the test on the subject's eye. , in parallel and / or at different times during the inspection process.

[0190] Once the eye to be examined and one or more tests to be performed on that eye have been selected, the display device 407 ,information about the test, e.g., the elapsed time and / or expected time remaining until the test is completed; For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the display device 407 can provide a The remaining time 440Rt, 440Lt until the completion of the test(s) for each eye 440R, 440L of the patient is determined by the clinician. can be provided to.

[0191] As previously mentioned, the display device 407 is coupled to the processing unit 310 to provide and receive information from the processing unit 310. The processing unit 310 and digital processor 312 of the ophthalmic examination system 450 are configured to receive and / or process the digital signal. The circuit 300 is also coupled to the optical system 200 and is operable to select an image on a display 407 of the ophthalmic examination system 450. The optical system 200 is configured to control and / or adjust the optical system 200 to provide a desired inspection. This arrangement allows a clinician operating the interface unit 460 to remotely and In a head-mounted implementation, the ophthalmic examination system 450 may be directly connected to the subject's head. The operation of the ophthalmic examination system 450 can be controlled without contact.

[0192] FIG. 4B illustrates an interface unit 46 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. 4 is a high level block diagram of the interface unit 460. It may include digital circuitry and hardware for deriving and performing various functions. The digital circuitry may include elements similar to those described with reference to FIG. Specifically, the interface unit 460 includes a communication interface 440 and an I / O interface. The I / O interface 449 may include a processor 410 that is connected to a processor 449. Various I / O interfaces to receive instructions from donors / clinicians and subjects device (input keys 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, etc.), audio input element 466 (microphone, etc.) , an audio output element 467 (such as a speaker), a display device 468 (such as an interactive display device), and other input / output interface devices 469.

[0193] Although shown as a separate unit in FIG. 4A, the interface portion 460 may be It can be an integral part of the system 450 and can be located on the board of the ophthalmic examination system. It should be understood that the device may be used in a variety of configurations (e.g., on a tabletop device and / or on a head The interface unit 460 and the ophthalmic examination system are mounted on a device that can be attached to the eye. The system 450 is responsible for implementing the functions of the interface unit 460 and the ophthalmic examination system 450. The input / output device may include a single processing circuit.

[0194] Audio input element 466 may generally be any suitable audio input element known in the art. In general, any suitable number of audio input elements may be used. For example, the interface unit 460 may include one or more microphones 456. One or more voice input elements 466 may include voice input for the subject, the clinician, or the subject and the clinician. From the surrounding examination area (e.g., from the subject and / or the individual performing the ophthalmic examination(s) ) voice input.

[0195] In some embodiments, an audio input element 466 (e.g., a microphone) is provided to the subject. The subject may be configured to receive responses from the subject to the ophthalmic examination performed. The audio obtained from the person (or other individual) is sent to the interface for analysis and processing. Alternatively or in addition, the audio input may be processed or forwarded to the processing unit 410 of the audio processing unit 450. and / or to a processing device of the ophthalmic examination unit 450 for processing or analysis. Or it can be transferred to a processing unit of the device.

[0196] In some embodiments, the audio obtained from the subject is passed to a processing device for analysis and processing. During processing, the processing device may use the information obtained from the subject Able to instruct subjects, administer tests, and / or make appropriate adjustments to tests Cut.

[0197] The audio input element 466 may be located at any suitable location on or within the ophthalmic examination system 450. and / or may be located anywhere within the head-wearable device. For example: One or more audio input elements 466 may be positioned at any suitable location on the head mount 103 (e.g., adjacent or near the user's ears) and incorporated into a head mount 103; integrated into the headset 102 and / or in proximity to the ophthalmic examination system 450 (e.g., The imaging device may be positioned in any desired or suitable location within the examination room.

[0198] The interface unit 460 may further include one or more audio speakers 467. , can be connected to the processing unit 410 via an I / O unit 449. One or more speakers 46 7 can be any suitable audio speaker available in the art, The imaging device 400 may be located in any suitable location on or within the imaging system 450. For example, one or more The upper audio speaker 467 may be positioned at any suitable location on the head mount 103 (e.g., The head mount 103 is disposed adjacent to or near the user's ears, and is incorporated into the head mount 103. 102 and can be placed anywhere near the ophthalmic examination system 450 (e.g., in the examination room). located at any desired or suitable location and / or connected to the eye examination system using wired or wireless connections. The system 450 may be coupled to the

[0199] The audio speaker 467 is used to communicate with the subject (e.g., via audio communication). For example, as described in more detail below, The ophthalmic examination system 450 is configured to communicate with the subject via an audio speaker 467. Also, by a processing device (e.g., implemented in application software 327). The speaker 467 may include a subject instruction device implemented in the Provide voice commands and instructions and / or inform subjects of the status of the eye examination Verbal instructions may be provided by the processing device and / or by the clinician. or a medical professional (or through an automated system). Additionally or alternatively, an audio speaker 467 may be used to provide information about fixation errors, error rates, and and / or to improve focus and attention during testing to reduce test failure. Subjects were provided with background music, sounds, or comments (encouraging comments, comments about the test, etc.) can be provided to.

[0200] As previously mentioned, the audio speaker 467 is used to communicate with the subject (e.g., via audio communication). For example, the audio speaker 467 can be configured to be used to Used by an expert (or via an automated system) to provide verbal / audio instructions and to provide instructions and / or inform subjects of the status of their eye examination; It can be configured as follows.

[0201] Audio input 466 and output 467 systems (speakers and microphones as described herein) The ophthalmic examination system may be configured to receive the ophthalmic lens by any suitable means known in the art. For example, the audio input and / or output system may be coupled to a wireless In some embodiments, the system 450 may be connected using Bluetooth functionality. In this embodiment, the audio input and / or output functions may be provided by a wireless headset (e.g., wireless or Bluetooth h headphones). Audio speakers 467 and / or any audio input 466 system (microphone A stereophonic audio system generally refers to any suitable audio system known in the art. In some embodiments, audio speaker 467 and / or any audio Voice input 466 system required to reduce or cancel background noise For example, an audio speaker 467 and / or any audio The voice input 466 system receives the subject's response to the verbal guidance provided by the system 450. At least partially isolating the hearing and / or the audio input provided to the system Any suitable method available in the art that can reduce background noise generated by the It may have such functions.

[0202] The interface section 460 may further include one or more display devices 468, which may include The display device (multiple display devices) can be connected to the processing unit 410 via an I / O interface 449. (a) 468 may present relevant information to subjects and / or The device may be configured to receive information and / or control signals from a physician. The display device 468 includes an interface configured to receive information from the subject and / or the clinician. The display may be an interactive display.

[0203] 4C-4E are diagrams illustrating a method for presenting / displaying a visual menu of tests offered by system 450. In addition to displaying the results, the display may also display the test status and progress (as described above), possible errors, Provide / display updates regarding battery status, test results, and / or battery condition For example, the display device can display possible fixation (FIG. 4C) and / or bleaching (FIG. 4D) Information on errors, progress, and results (Figure 4C) was collected using the Rod Inspector provided by MacuLogix Inc. terceptTM (RITM) (Harrisburg, PA, USA).

[0204] Although not specifically shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E, the display device 407 may be mounted on the head of the system 100. and providing / displaying various functions, such as providing information about the status of the headset 102. In Figs. 4A to 4E, the display device 407 is a head-mounted system. The system provides various functions, such as providing information about the status of the system 100 and the headset 102. For example, the display device may be configured to display a head-mounted display. 0 is securely positioned relative to the subject's head, and the headset 102 is in contact with the subject's eyes. Check that the light seal is securely placed against 440R and 440L, and that it is facing the subject's eyes 140R and 140L. configured to indicate or provide information such as whether a It is possible.

[0205] Additionally, although shown as a display device integrated into system 450, the display device may be It should be understood that the stem 450 may be directly and / or indirectly coupled to the stem 450. For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the display device 107 may be at least one display device 102F on the front surface 102F of the headset 102. on the front 102F of the headset 102 so as to be partially covered and visible to an individual performing, for example, an eye examination. Alternatively or additionally, the display device 107 may be arranged to use a wired or wireless connection. The headset 102 may be remotely coupled to the headset 102 using a wireless LAN cable.

[0206] In addition to receiving instructions and commands from the provider / clinician, the interface unit 46 The device may also be configured to receive instructions / responses / commands from the subject. The responses received from the subject are related to one or more stimuli that the ophthalmic examination system 450 provides to the subject. For example, in some embodiments, The interface unit 460 receives a response from the subject when the subject recognizes the stimulus light. Specifically, as described above, the ophthalmic examination system described in this specification can be configured to The 450 is designed to perform a number of tests and measurements, including measuring the subject's eye adaptation to darkness. This can be configured to bleach an area of ​​the subject's retina and then By presenting a stimulus light (e.g., in the form of an image) with a lower intensity within the designated area, Throughout the test, the subject fixates the gaze on the fixation light and focuses the gaze on the stimulus light. The interface unit 460 is instructed to provide a response when the stimulus light is recognized. The apparatus can be configured to receive a response from the subject to the

[0207] In some embodiments, the interface unit 460 has a clinician mode and a subject mode. Specifically, the interface can be configured to be switchable. The unit 460 may: 1) prohibit the use of multiple keys and / or multiple activations of a single key while in clinician mode; 2) single key and / or single direction operation is possible while in subject mode. The answer key can be switched to a single button. Put the interface 460 into clinician mode to use multiple keys and / or multi-directional keys. The ophthalmic examination system 450 may then be configured and / or initialized. When the patient is ready to perform the test, the system switches the interface unit 460 to subject mode. , for use in providing a subject's response (e.g., to a stimulus light), The interface unit 460 can be given to the subject.

[0208] In some embodiments, the ophthalmic examination system 450 has a clinician mode and a subject mode. The transition between the ophthalmic examination system 450 occurs automatically upon completion of the examination setup. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A-1, the clinician can Multi-directional keys 461, 462, 463, 464, 465 on the interface 460 can be used to control the ophthalmic examination described herein. The patient can navigate to menu 407m to start an ophthalmic examination using examination system 450. The menu has multiple submenus and menus that the clinician navigates to begin the exam. and options 407a, 407b, and 407c. For example, the clinician may Using the menu 460, select the eye of the subject for which the test will be performed (e.g., the right eye, submenu 407 a) Select the test (e.g. dark adaptation, submenu 407b) and confirm the test settings (submenu 407c). The clinician's selection may be made based on the processing device (e.g., The processing unit 310 may analyze the received information and determine whether a test has been initiated and whether the subject has been At that time, the processor 310 can determine that the image is ready to be provided to the subject. interface 460 (via I / O interface 449 and connection 443 (Bluetooth)) 4. Communicate with the interface 460 to switch from clinician mode to subject mode. While in subject mode, the interface no longer controls the device. It cannot be used to change the eye exam setup or cause any It can be used only to provide a response (eg, a response to a stimulus light).

[0209] The processing unit 310 may monitor the subject's response to the test and / or the progress of the test. Once the examination is complete, the processing unit 310 determines that the eye examination is complete and Optionally, the interface 460 may be instructed to transition back to the clinician mode. While in clinician mode, the interface 460 provides instructions and controls the operation of the ophthalmic device 450. It can be used to control the operation of the

[0210] In some embodiments, the transition between the clinician mode and the subject mode is initiated by a processing unit. The processor controls the signal received from the interface 460 based on the analysis of the signal. Specifically, the processing device 310 may be configured to perform multiple operations as long as the eye examination is not in progress. It can be configured to analyze responses received from the direction keys according to their intended direction. Specifically, if the processing unit 310 determines that a test is not in progress (e.g., a clinical While the physician navigates through menus to set up the test and / or reads the test results Responses received from the multi-directional keys (while using the keys to read and / or delete) based on its intended direction (upward motion / key is an upward motion on the screen) (A downward movement / key is translated into a downward movement on the screen, etc.) But Once the test is fully set up and / or in progress, the processor 310 Any response received from the interface (regardless of which motion / key was used) will be Interpret the response of the patient to the stem (e.g., the patient's response to a stimulus light).

[0211] Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the clinician may The upper key 486 is employed to switch the interface portion 460 between the clinician mode and the subject mode. By setting the interface unit 460 to the subject mode, The subject can be provided with a single key to provide a response, thereby This reduces potential confusion and prevents subjects from modifying the test set-up.

[0212] Further, the different keys 461, 462, 463, 464, 465 are shown, which are The sensor 460 can be switched between multi-directional (clinician mode) and unidirectional (subject mode). It should be noted that the interface unit 460 may include a single key. , generally to receive responses from subjects and / or instructions from clinicians / providers. The interface may comprise any interface configured to receive the The interface unit 460 transmits the information received by the interface unit 460 to the I / O interface. The I / O interface of the digital circuit 300 is directed to the processing unit 310 via the interface 349. Similarly, the interface unit 460 can be coupled to an I / O interface 349. The interface 349 may be configured to receive instructions from the processor 310. The connections between the interface portion 460 and the I / O interface 349 are known in the art. The communication may be established via any suitable communication protocol / technology. The connection between the interface unit 460 and the I / O interface 349 may be wireless (Bluetooth) or wired. The connection can be established via

[0213] In some embodiments, the interface unit 460 may receive a A button or computer mouse that is pressed or clicked by the subject Additionally or alternatively, the interface unit 460 may receive verbal instructions from the subject. For example, the interface may be a voice input configured to receive instructions. The sensor 460 can receive verbal responses from the subject in the form of natural language. The verbal responses may be variable in nature or as accepted by the ophthalmic examination system. Constrained to one, two or more fixed programmed words or sentences Good too.

[0214] As described above, the processing device 310 collects biometric information of the subject to uniquely identify the subject. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic examination system 650 may be used to measure the biometric information of the subject. The biometric interface 455 may include a biometric interface 455 configured for use in acquiring the information. Cut.

[0215] Figure 4E illustrates an interface that can be used to obtain biometric information that identifies a subject. 4 shows a high level diagram of the interface 455 of the ophthalmic examination system 450. 10 (e.g., via an I / O interface 349), and The biometric information is then transferred to the processor 310. or any other suitable method for determining whether the information stored / obtained in the database 330 of the digital circuit 300 is a Then, the information can be processed appropriately (e.g., matched against information already in database 330). Cut.

[0216] In some embodiments, the interface 455 receives at least one biometric characteristic of the subject. For example, the interface may include a biometric scanner configured to acquire the The sensor 455 may measure the facial features of the subject 401, information obtained from the iris of the subject's eye (e.g., iris skin). using a retina scanner 458), information obtained from the retina of the subject's eye, and / or the finger of the subject 02 (using a fingerprint scanner 467) to obtain at least one of the fingerprints obtained from The biometric device may include a biometric scanner 456 configured as follows:

[0217] As previously described, the interface 455 may communicate with the biometric scanner 456 for processing and analysis. The biometric information thus obtained can be transferred to the processing device 310. The information may be used to create a new profile for the subject and / or to modify an existing profile for the subject 301. For example, the processing device may access the profile of the user by The biometric information is compared to previously stored biometric information in the database 330 to generate a profile of the subject. It can then determine whether the biometric information has been previously stored in the database. If a profile exists, the processing unit 310 matches the subject's biometric information to the existing profile. The subject can be identified by matching the profile with the If not specified, the processing device will store the subject's biometric information, such as the subject's name, subject's address, The subject’s health insurance information, along with any identifiers associated with the subject, and other information about the subject. In addition or alternatively, the profile Electronic health records, such as electronic health record systems maintained on cloud-based servers In such an implementation, the processing unit 310 may receive the communication interface. accessing subject profiles via the interface and communication network; The processing unit can then store the subject's profile in a database on the eye examination system 450. The processing may be stored in the database 330 or in a remote database located elsewhere. The processing device 310 stores in the memory of the eye examination system at least one medical history of the subject, and receiving and storing relevant health insurance information, and available pre-test diagnostic information related to the subject. Alternatively or additionally, the processing device 310 may be configured to The memory stores at least one of the subject's medical history, health insurance information associated with the subject, and the subject's The method may be configured to receive and store available pre-test diagnostic information associated with the subject. .

[0218] FIG. 5A illustrates a high-level view of an ophthalmic examination system 550 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. As described above, the ophthalmic examination system 550 is a tabletop device, a device that is wearable by a subject and / or at least a portion of the device is attached to at least one eye of the subject; The subject's head and / or face may be positioned adjacent to or against the The device may be mounted on a head-mounted device (commonly referred to herein as a "head-mounted device"). It is possible.

[0219] The ophthalmic examination system 550 receives at least one cartridge 500R, 500L each. Each cart may include one or more receptacles 523R, 523L configured to receive the The Ridge 500R, 500L are adapted to perform various ophthalmic tests and measurements in accordance with the embodiments disclosed herein. In addition, or alternatively, the optical system may include at least one optical system having optical components for performing the Instead, each cartridge 500R, 500L is adapted to carry out ophthalmic examinations and and measurement systems, can be used with, integrated into, or completely or partially includes digital electronic circuitry and other elements such as hardware 300. It is possible to do so.

[0220] The ophthalmic examination system 550 may generally include any suitable number of receptacles 523R, 523L. and can be configured to receive any suitable number of cartridges 500R, 500L. For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, ophthalmic examination systems 550 each include at least one Includes two receptacles 523R, 523L configured to receive cartridges 500R, 500L. Each receptacle 523R, 523L can accommodate at least one cartridge 500R, 500L. The housing may be configured to removably and interchangeably receive L.

[0221] The cartridge(s) 500R, 500L may be encapsulated by any suitable means known in the art. 5, via the ophthalmic examination system 550 (either within the enclosure of a tabletop device and / or a head-mounted device). The device may be mounted in a headset 502 and receive the Ridge(s) 500R, 500L connects to the ophthalmic examination system via receptacle(s) 523R, 523L. 550 and can be inserted into and removed from the ophthalmic examination system 550. The cartridge may be a removable and / or replaceable system. The bridge(s) may further be replaceable and removable from the frame 502 of the ophthalmic examination system 500. Upon removal, the cartridge may be configured to be replaced with one or more other cartridges.

[0222] Each cartridge 500R, 500L can include a housing 550H. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing a device, comprising: For example, each cartridge 500R, 500L may include Received / fitted by corresponding receptacles 589R, 589L of system 550. In some embodiments, the size and / or shape can be determined so that In this embodiment, the receptacles 589R, 589L have a predetermined standardized shape and / or size. The cartridge 500 may be configured to receive the cartridge(s) 500R, 500L.

[0223] Further, in some embodiments, at least one interface 523R, 523L may include: Interacting with or engaging with the interface 523R, 523L and light seals 524R, 524L configured to seal the subject's eyes from ambient light. For example, the interface 523R may be configured to A light seal 524R may be received which seals 540R from ambient light.

[0224] The ophthalmic examination system 550 also includes a cartridge for receiving the cartridge(s) 500R, 500L. Any suitable components may be included. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, an ophthalmic examination system may be The system 550 couples to one or more corresponding connections 513b (e.g., electrical connections) on the cartridge. The connector 513 may include one or more connectors 513a (e.g., electrical connectors) configured to mate with the connector 513a. Specifically, each cartridge 500R is inserted into one of the receptacles 589 of the ophthalmic examination system 550. The one or more ports 513b are configured to couple with one or more corresponding connectors 513a. The corresponding ports and connections 513a, 513b, when coupled together, The components within Edge 500R are used in conjunction with ophthalmic examination system 550 to perform ophthalmic examinations and measurements. The cartridge 500R is configured to couple to the ophthalmic examination system 550 so that the cartridge 500R can be The ports and connections 513a, 513b may be any suitable type known in the art. For example, the ports and connections 513a and 513b can be sockets. , Male and Female Electrical and / or Data Connectors, USB Ports and Connectors, O Audio or video connectors, and / or any suitable connector available in the art. The connector may include a connector.

[0225] Additionally or alternatively, the receptacles 589R, 589L and the cartridges 500R, 500L may be The main operating instructions for the 550 Ophthalmic Examination System and the 500R and 500L and their components are shown in the figure. Operating instructions, drivers, automatic sequences, One or more electrical contacts (e.g., gold dots) configured to facilitate communication of data or the like. ) As described in more detail below, the cartridges 500R and 500L may further include All necessary hardware and software required to perform the prescribed eye examination Additionally or alternatively, the cartridges 500R and 500L may include a testing function aspect. Complementary hardware and software supporting components (e.g. optical The circuitry may rely in part on optical components and / or digital circuits.

[0226] Cartridges 500R, 500L and / or receptacles 589L, 589R may be fitted with corresponding receptacles. The cartridge 500R is configured to lock in place the cartridges 589L and 589R are coupled to. The locking mechanism 514a, 514b may further include one or more locking mechanisms. The locking mechanism may be any suitable locking mechanism known and available in the art. In some embodiments, the cartridge(s) 500R, 500L may include a corresponding receptacle 589L, Can be configured to click and lock onto the 589R.

[0227] Additionally or alternatively, the cartridges 500R, 500L and / or the receptacle 189 may be One or more tracking systems 515a, 515b, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags or bar codes. One or more tracking systems 515a, 515b may be configured to provide asset tracking. For example, cartridge(s) 500R, 500L and / or receptacle The model(s) 589R, 589L are systems manufactured by an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). to ensure that only The system may include one or more tracking systems 515a, 515b configured as follows: Cartridge(s) 500R, 500L and receptacle(s) 589R, 589L are each Cartridge(s) 500R, 500L manufactured by OEM with receptacle 589R, 589L A corresponding tracking system 515a configured to only allow the , 515b (e.g., barcode, RFID tag). The tracking system 515a disposed on the receptacle 589R, 589L is connected to the cartridge 500R, 500L. The passive tracking system (RFID tag) 515b is placed on the The RFID reader may be configured as follows:

[0228] The tracking system 515a may include a processor (e.g., a processor for the digital circuitry 300 of the ophthalmic examination system). device 310) directly or indirectly (e.g., via an I / O interface 349) The RFID reader 515a reads the RFID tag 515b (or a barcode or OCR code). When the RFID tag 515b is scanned, the information stored in the RFID tag 515b is The processing unit 310 may be configured to transmit the information to a processing unit for processing. The information on the RFID tag 515b is then transferred to the RFID tag recorded on the original manufacturer's disposable item. Determine whether the tag is supported.

[0229] Cartridge(s) 500R, 500L are typically used to perform ophthalmic examinations and / or measurements The present invention may be configured with any parts and connections necessary to perform an ophthalmic examination. System 550 is generally capable of performing any suitable ophthalmic examination and / or measurement. Can be configured to receive cartridge(s) 500R, 500L For example, the eye examination system 550 may be used to measure the quality of an eye to detect diseases or conditions such as glaucoma. Field testing can be performed using one or more cartridges 500R, 500L Alternatively or additionally, an ophthalmic examination may be performed. The Inspection System 550 is a system that performs fundus retinal imaging, visual field testing, and FDT (Frequency Doubling Technology). ogy Perimetry), ERG (Electroretinogram), VEP (Visual Evoked Potential), Trust sensitivity, color vision, and high brightness, high contrast, low brightness, high contrast, low brightness ·Low contrast, high brightness ·Low contrast, optotype, venier vision, high brightness ·Low brightness reading speed test, glare test (e.g. for cataract detection), dynamic visual acuity test for cataract detection movement perception, metamorphosis (e.g. in late stage AMD), shape and texture Identification (e.g. in late stage AMD), myopic and hyperopic visual fields, photostress, microphotography Fundus guided follimetry, tonometer, steriopsis, coneohistosi configured to receive a cartridge or cartridges used to administer a vision test, the cartridge or cartridges including These examples may be implemented using the embodiments disclosed herein. These are non-limiting examples of tests and / or measurements that can be performed using the

[0230] Additionally, cartridges 500R and 500L are provided for testing the subject's right and / or left eye. A given cartridge can be placed in either the left or right receptacle 589R, 589L. Additionally, the ophthalmic examination system 550 can be configured to perform two different optical examinations. Configured to receive two cartridges 500R and 500L that can be implemented Two different cartridges 500R, 500L can be installed in the ophthalmic examination system 550, It can provide the ability to perform different tests on the eye simultaneously or in parallel.

[0231] In some embodiments, the test provided by the cartridge(s) 500R, 500L. Depending on the target, one or more rules may be established to determine the right and left cartridge(s) 500R, You can prevent the 500L from running simultaneously, so you can run two different tests at the same time. This can result in false positive or false negative results, or no results. The rules are based on the nature of the tests or screens provided by the cartridge(s) 500R, 500L Manage and control simultaneous testing functions or simultaneous binocular testing. By incorporating rules into the system, inspection defects can be prevented. The rule is that if a subject is unable to respond accurately to simultaneous stimuli or other test interfaces, If so, you may be required to test each eye separately and sequentially. The optical system provides active and responsive ontological guidance to subjects during ophthalmic examinations. In order to provide the relevant automated instructions (instructions related to the inspection provided by the optical system), The method may be configured to provide a test subject with a

[0232] FIG. 5C illustrates a head-mounted frame 50 having similar components to the head-mounted device shown in FIG. 1A. 2 shows an example of an ophthalmic examination system 550 implemented in accordance with the present invention. As shown, the system is head-mounted. The frame 502 of the cartridge-capable device is configured to receive one or more cartridges 500L, 500R. The cartridge may include one or more receptacles or chambers 589L, 589R. The headsets 500L and 500R are connected to the receptacles 589L and 589R and the internal elements of the headset 502 by an external ring. The device may be configured to seal against the environment.

[0233] In some embodiments, at least one cartridge 500R, 500L is configured to The device may be configured as a light seal having a component configured to seal from ambient light. For example, cartridge 500R may have adjustable opacity. another material and / or a stimulus (e.g., irradiation with a particular light frequency or intensity) The material may include a material configured to have adjustable opacity in response to a In some embodiments, the material with tunable opacity includes one or more polarizing filters and and / or one or more liquid crystal layers.

[0234] FIG. 6 illustrates an ophthalmic examination system and measurement according to some embodiments disclosed herein. FIG. 6 is a high-level block diagram of one embodiment of a system 600 ("system 600"). In one embodiment, the system 600 may be configured to measure the adaptation of a subject's eye to darkness. This involves bleaching an area of ​​the subject's retina and then injecting This can be done by presenting a stimulus light (e.g., in the form of an image) with a lower intensity. During the test, subjects were asked to focus their gaze on the fixation light and press a button when they recognized the stimulus light. is instructed.

[0235] The inspection system 600 includes a frame 6 configured to house the various components of the system. 02. The frame 602 may be used to An optical system (described with reference to FIG. 2) that constitutes optical components necessary for performing ophthalmic examinations and measurements. ) for use with an ophthalmic testing and measurement system 650 according to embodiments disclosed herein. may be incorporated therein or may be wholly or partially contained therein. The system may include digital electronic circuitry and hardware (as described with reference to FIG. 3). Although certain elements of the stem 600 are shown as being inside or outside the frame, The arrangement shown in FIG. 6 is a non-limiting example, and the components of the system 600 may be The device may be located in any suitable location, including inside, on, or outside of the room 602. Please note:

[0236] As described with reference to FIG. 2, the system 600 may include a light source S and / or an optical component O. The mechanism 601 may include a light source S and / or an optical component O. The platform 6 may include one or more platforms 603, 603′ mounted thereon. 603, 603′ are used to mount the light source S and / or optical components O to the frame 602 (and / or The frame of the optical system 612 may be movable relative to the optical system 612. For example, the platform 603, 603′ may be configured to focus the light source S on the pupil of the subject's eye 691. Moveable along at least two orthogonal directions to align relative to Further, in addition to or instead, the platform 603, 603' may be a frame 6 It can be placed in a fixed state relative to 02.

[0237] The ophthalmic examination system 600 may further include one or more optical components. one or more optical components configured to direct the emitted light beam to a pupil of the subject's eye. (collectively referred to with the reference letter O). In an embodiment, the optical component includes a light source that is irradiated by the light source through at least one mesh of holes. The optical component O can be configured to direct the light toward the film. For example, optical component O may be optically coupled to light source S. , at least one lens configured to collimate a light beam emitted from a light source S. The lens 606 may include at least one lens adapted to correct spherical aberration. Additionally or alternatively, optical component O may include one or more aspheric lenses 606. One or more mirrors 607 configured to redirect the light beam emitted from the light source S. For example, one or more mirrors 607, as described in more detail below. can be configured to direct light emitted by the testing light source to the subject's eye. One or more mirrors 607 reflect light from the test source S to the subject's pupil, so that the light is reflected from the subject's eye. The infrared light returning from the ophthalmic examination system 600 is received by an ophthalmic examination system 600 (e.g., an infrared light detector IR D )fart The optical fiber may include a dichroic mirror that allows infrared light to pass through the optical fiber. The wavelength may be greater than a nanometer.

[0238] Additionally or alternatively, the optical system 612 may detect one or more types of information, such as a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag or a bar code. One or more tracking systems 615 may include asset tracking, For example, the optical system 612 can be configured to provide an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) Only systems, equipment, and / or parts manufactured by the OEM (original equipment manufacturer) are used in the ophthalmic examination system. The system 600 may include one or more tracking systems 115 configured to ensure that the system 600 is used Specifically, each of the optical systems 612 may be manufactured exclusively by the OEM. A corresponding tracking system 615 (e.g., a barcode reader) configured for use with the system 600 The device may include a security device, a security card, a security device ...

[0239] In some embodiments, the light source O and / or the optical components S are contained in a hermetically sealed package 604. The hermetic package 604 may be an integral part of the optical system 612. , or optical component O by being removably and replaceably mounted within the optical system 612 may be configured to provide for removal and / or replacement.

[0240] As previously mentioned, the mechanism 601 for controlling the light source S and / or the optical component O may be and one or more dials / knobs 699 adapted to be rotated by a mechanical a cam system coupled to the knob and configured to convert the rotational motion of the knob into a linear translation of the light source. The one or more dials 699 may be provided by the headset. The camera can be configured for use in adjusting the viewing distance of the image plane being viewed. See FIG. 1A. A knob or dial 699 is used to manually adjust the fixation light source S as described above. Specifically, the dial 118 can be used to adjust the fixation light source S f connected to the subject's eyes ( The fixation light source may be configured to move axially relative to the fixation light source. S f By moving the dial 118 relative to the subject's eye(s), the dial Visual light source S f and / or to reduce possible reflection errors in the subject's eyes. It is possible to compensate for differences (e.g. myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism or presbyopia) Dial 118 to contact the subject and / or the technician / clinician who will be performing the eye exam on the subject. can be configured to be adjustable.

[0241] In general, the light source S can be configured to be movable in one or more directions. The light source S is configured to direct the fixation light emitted from the light source S to the outside of the frame 102. The fixed light emitted from the light source was framed to direct the subject's attention to the light source. The light source S may also be configured to point out of the frame 102. Alternatively or additionally, the light source S may be a light source S The optical axis is movable in a direction substantially along the propagation direction of the fixation light emitted by the optical axis.

[0242] As described with reference to FIG. 2F, the system 600 positions the light source S and the illuminating light 691 relative to the pupil of the subject's eye 691. and / or align and / or adjust the position and / or orientation of the optical component O. The light source S, the optical component O, and the automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605 may be configured to and / or at least one of the platforms 601 is aligned with the pupil of the subject's eye 691. To be coordinated, the automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605 may include a light source S, an optical component O, and / or a printer. The automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605 further controls the ophthalmic examination system 600 to When positioned relative to the subject's eye 691, the position and / or size of the pupil of the subject's eye 691 may be automatically determined. Dynamically detect and accordingly adjust the light source S, the optical components O, and / or the platform 601. At least one of them can be aligned with the pupil of the subject's eye 691. It can be configured.

[0243] As described above, the automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605 may be configured to detect the pupil of the pupil by detecting a light source (e.g., a light source of visible light or infrared light). Source IR S and a light detector (e.g., a camera, a light detector or camera capable of detecting visible light, Infrared light detector, or infrared camera)IR D The photodetector IR D is the subject to generate an image of the subject's pupil based on light returning from at least one eye 691 of the subject. The light source may include a camera configured as follows: S The light is aimed at the subject's eye 691. It can be configured as follows.

[0244] A portion of the light incident on the subject's eye is reflected back to the automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605. D detects the returning light and, based on the detected returning light, determines the pupil of the subject's eye 691. The location and / or size of the holes can be determined. In some embodiments, light source IR S For example, light with a wavelength greater than about 700 nm is used to illuminate the subject's eyes. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 6 and described in detail above, a dichroic mirror can be generated. The mirror m1, which may be a mirror, reflects the visible light generated by the inspection light source and As shown in Figure 6, the dichroic mirror m1 reflects the visible light generated by the inspection light source. The light source S is adapted to reflect and pass light returning from the subject's eye in response to illumination by the light source. The photodetector IR D is located behind the dichroic mirror m1 and in the frame 60 2 at any suitable position (e.g., behind the optics) and reflecting light back from the illuminated eye. The device can be configured to detect and / or image light that passes through the dichroic mirror m1. Cut.

[0245] As mentioned above, any suitable mechanism for tracking the subject's eyes or pupils may be used herein. In addition, in some embodiments, The control device 610 includes a detector IR D in response to detection of infrared light returning from the subject's eye 691. Detector IR D The control device 610 can receive an electrical signal generated by the The frame 602 may be included in the system 600 and / or may be remotely coupled to the system 600. .

[0246] The control device 610 controls the light source IR to the pupil of the subject's eye 691. S Determine the relative alignment of More specifically, the control device 610 can be configured to control the detector IR D By The error signal can be generated based on the electrical signal generated by the The infrared source IR S 4 shows the degree of misalignment between the eye and the subject's pupil.

[0247] If the error signal generated by the control device is greater than a predefined threshold, the control The device 610 controls the movement of the movable platforms 603, 603' to minimize the error signal. The light source S can be substantially aligned with the pupil of the subject. (e.g., a light source that generates a bleaching light, a stimulating light, and a fixation light) on the platform 603, 603 ' is placed in a fixed position on the platform 603 relative to the subject's pupil, Relative movement of 603' allows for substantial alignment of the light source S with the subject's pupil. This can be done.

[0248] The system 600 may provide feedback to the system 600 in response to an ophthalmic test or measurement being performed. A user interface (subject) configured for use by the subject to provide The apparatus may further include a subject response interface 680. The interface 680 may have any suitable interface available in the art. For example, The subject response interface 680 may be a touch-sensitive button, a push button, a five-way The mouse may be a directional rocker button, and / or a conventional computer mouse. The answer interface receives the subject's responses via the subject response interface 680. / Combined with a response analyzer 185 configured to analyze and evaluate the feedback. For example, in one embodiment, the response analyzer 685 may measure the dark spot of at least one eye of the subject. It may be configured to analyze subject feedback to assess adaptation. The analyzer may include a processor (e.g., processor 310 shown in FIG. 3A) coupled to the processor and configured to generate a test sample. instructions for analyzing a subject's response (e.g., response to a light stimulus when analyzing dark adaptation) and a memory (e.g., memory 320) configured to store the

[0249] Infrared light source IR S and infrared light detector IR D The pupil tracking mechanism 605 is attached to the rear housing on the optical seal 690. , on the wall of the rear housing within the eye chamber including the eyecup, and / or on a disposable optical seal. The RFID tag 602 may be placed adjacent to the eye in any suitable location within the housing 602, such as a 98 may be incorporated into the light seal 690. The RFID tag 698 may be attached to the light seal 690 in any suitable manner known in the art. , and can be coupled to the light seal 690. The RFID tag 698 can be any suitable RFID tag known in the art. As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the light seal 690 may include a suitable tag. , placed on an exterior portion of the light seal 690 (e.g., the surface of the light seal that contacts the subject's face / eyes) may include disposable, removable, and / or replaceable layers that are The RFID tag 698 can be incorporated into the disposable layer of the optical seal 690, such that the disposable layer 692 is It ensures the disposability of the object and also enforces single use of the disposable layer.

[0250] As described above, the detected signal can be manipulated to align the light source with the subject's pupil. Any suitable technique may be employed to determine the degree of When a misalignment of the light source with respect to the pupil is detected, the controller 610 adjusts the light source S and / or the optical components To substantially align O with the subject's pupil, a feedback loop is This can cause the movement of the movable platforms 603, 603'. In some embodiments, the controller 610 controls the movable platform along the X, Y and Z directions. Various means for moving the form (eg, a motor) can be actuated.

[0251] Additionally, the alignment mechanism 605 continuously tracks the position of the subject's pupils while the eye examination is being performed. This allows the light source to be tracked and the deviation of the light source relative to the subject's pupil to be continuously corrected. Therefore, the alignment mechanism must be able to compensate for, for example, unintended movement of the subject's eyes, vibrations, and other defects in the optical system. This allows for correction of unnecessary movements such as

[0252] In some embodiments, the pupils of the subject's eyes are dilated prior to using the system 600. The automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605 compensates for the subject's pupil size and The automatic pupil tracking mechanism 605 can be configured to compensate for the induced changes. Alternatively or additionally, the pupil tracking mechanism 605 can provide a real-time When determining the size or position of the examiner's pupil, the subject's upper eyelid and / or The position of the lower eyelid and / or eyelashes can be corrected. In correcting for a subject's pupil size, the system 600 adjusts the stimulus light and In other words, the system 600 can adjust the intensity of the bleaching light. Based on the size of the examiner's pupils, the amount of stimulating and / or bleaching light projected into the subject's eyes is determined. The intensity can be adjusted.

[0253] The ophthalmic examination system 600 may also include a feedback system 608. The feedback system 608 can be coupled to a pupil tracking mechanism 605 (e.g., an infrared light source I R S and infrared light detector IR DThe feedback system 608 is generated by an infrared light detector. The position of the pupil of the eye 691 of the subject may be detected based on the generated signal. and / or infrared light detector IR D Based on the signals generated by the subjects The position of the pupil of the eye 691 may be received. The feedback system receives the position of the pupil of the subject's eye 691 from the pupil tracker 605. The system 608 uses the pupil position of the subject's eye 691 to measure the position of the pupil of the subject's eye 691 via a mechanism 605 (e.g., a plat forms 603, 603′) to cause the light source S and / or the optical system O to move, The light emitted by the eye 691 is guided to the pupil of the subject's eye 691 and aligned with the pupil of the subject's eye 691. This can be done.

[0254] For example, the feedback mechanism 608 may be configured to receive an infrared light detector based on an image generated by an infrared camera. Based on the shape of the subject's pupil, the light emitted by the light source S can be aligned. Specifically, the infrared light source IR S The method uses two or more spotlights or light sources aimed at the subject's eyes. The infrared light detector may include an aperture configured to generate a known shape for detecting an infrared light. IR D Infrared source IR captured by S The reflection of the infrared spot is calculated by dividing the distance between two or more infrared spot reflections. Used to measure the size of the infrared geometric reflection in the eye of a subject. The measured dimensions of reflected infrared features in the captured image can be determined by infrared light detection. IR S This can be used to determine the eye's Z position (horizontal position) as the distance from the Therefore, the distance from the optical system O can be calculated.

[0255] In addition, the system self-calibrates by measuring the reflection of an infrared spotlight and infrared signatures. The subject's eye position (horizontal position) was determined by the Z coordinate, and the pupil size was measured. The size of the subject can be appropriately determined based on their unique facial features / dimensional anatomy. (i.e., the position of the eyes relative to the subject's head), By calibrating the system, the embodiments disclosed herein achieve greater accuracy. Additionally, as described above, the feedback mechanism 608 may include a feedback control for the pupil of the subject's eye. Based on the magnitude of the intensity of the inspection light source can be adjusted.

[0256] As described above, the system 600 may include a 3D image of at least one eye of a subject (e.g., test eye 691). The light seal 690 may further include a light seal configured to isolate the light source from ambient light. The module 690 may include one or more portions and / or elements, each of which may be reused. For example, the optical seal 690 may be reusable and / or disposable. It encloses the area around at least one eye and is designed to seal at least one eye from ambient light. The one or more eye cups may include one or more eye cups configured as follows: It may comprise any suitable material known in the art and may be reusable (for use on multiple subjects). and / or , can be washed before / after each use) and / or can be disposable The light seal 690 may be attached to the frame 602 using any suitable means. For example, the light seal 690 may be inserted into a receptacle provided in the frame or may be attached to the frame. The mounting bracket may be attached to the frame by adhesive or other suitable attachment means.

[0257] Additionally, the light seal 690 can isolate one or both of the subject's eyes from ambient light. The light seal 690 can also be configured to isolate each of the subject's eyes from ambient light. can be isolated (e.g., different, separate, or independent light sheets for each eye). In general, the light seal 690 can be configured to provide any According to any suitable technique and / or available in the art informed by the present teachings. The light seal 690 may be constructed using any suitable material. The device may be constructed of a material that is suitable for use in the treatment of osteoarthritis, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis ... Alternatively or additionally, the device may be configured to substantially conform to at least a portion of the Thus, the seal 690 is adapted to contact at least one of the subjects when the frame 602 is worn by the subject. At least one opening 690o configured to be substantially aligned with one eye 691. The conformable body may include a frame 602 and a light seal 690. When worn by the subject and / or on the subject's face or head When positioned adjacent to each other, the subject's eyes 691 can be isolated from ambient light. It can be coupled to a frame 602 .

[0258] The light seal 690 is used to adjust the light seal around the subject's eyes 691 and / or to adjust the light seal around the subject's eyes 691. a removably and replaceably attachable adaptable body portion of seal 690 around the subject's head; The present invention may include any suitable mechanism available in the art for detecting the presence of light. The seal 690 can include a ratchet 692 that is attached to the frame 602. 690 and adjust the light seal 690 around the subject's eyes / head 691. Isolating the subject's eye(s) from ambient light can be configured to: It is important in measuring dark adaptation and is also a cause of vitamin A deficiency, Sorsby's fundus dystrophy, and , late autosomal dominant retinal degeneration, diabetes-related retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, drug Detection of induced retinal toxicity, glaucoma, intraocular hypertension, retinal hypoxia, retinitis pigmentosa, and fundus vitiligo It is also important when performing various other ophthalmic tests and measurements, such as:

[0259] Additionally or alternatively, an attachment mechanism 694 may mechanically couple the ratchet 692 to the light seal 690. The attachment mechanism 694 may be configured to adjust at least one of the length and tension of the strap 694. and a strap configured to be used to adjust at least one of the Thereby, the optical seal around the subject's eye 691 can be adjusted. Instead, the attachment mechanism 694 comprises at least one axially extending member coupled to a conformable body portion of the seal 690. Further, additional straps 694' may be attached to the frame of the system 600. The head support 602 may be coupled to the frame 602 and configured to adjust the attachment of the frame 602 to the subject's head. The quick release buttons 686, 687 are coupled to at least one of the straps 694, 694'. , allowing easy release of the straps 694, 694'. The straps 694, 694' , may comprise any material known in the art, for example, an elastic material.

[0260] Although shown as separate from the frame 602, one or more portions of the light seal 690 may include The frame 602 of the ophthalmic examination system 600 may be directly coupled to the frame 602 of the ophthalmic examination system 600. 602 and fixedly attached to the frame 602 of the ophthalmic examination system 600. It may be coupled to and / or be an integral part of the frame 602 of the ophthalmic examination system 600. Furthermore, to ensure hygienic use of the system, For this purpose, use systems that are expected to come into contact with the subject's skin, body, hair, face, and / or eyes. Various portions of the system 600 may include removable, replaceable, and / or disposable layers, and and / or clean (e.g., with a medical-grade cleaner) before and after use. It should be noted that the support may be lined with any suitable material that can accommodate the support.

[0261] The system 600 may further include one or more sensors 693, 693′. The system 600 includes at least one of a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor, and an optical sensor. One or more pressure sensors, capacitive sensors, and optical sensors 693, 693' can be used to measure the pressure, capacitance, and light of the system. 600 may be included in any suitable location within the system 600 to detect various conditions and states of the system. For example, the light seal 690 may be configured to detect the passage / leakage of light through the light seal 690. The sensor may include one or more optical sensors 693 configured to detect the presence or absence of a signal.

[0262] The system 600 may be configured to couple the system 600 (e.g., a head-mounted device) to the subject's face, head, or one configured to verify that proper contact has been established between the subject and the eye(s); The system 600 may further include a pressure sensor 693. The sensor 693 may be any of the pressure sensors 693 in the system 600. In appropriate locations (on light stickers), e.g. on the headset and / or on head-worn equipment can be placed on the head strap.

[0263] Additionally or alternatively, the system 600 may be adapted to accommodate the movement of the system 600 and / or the subject and one or more motion sensors configured to track and / or monitor movement For example, the system 600 may include a 641, 684. at least one configured to monitor, track, and / or collect information indicative of a deceleration; One motion sensor 641 (e.g., at least one of an accelerometer and / or a tilt sensor) As used herein, the term "motion sensor" refers to a Information regarding the movement, position, orientation, and / or location of any component of the ophthalmic examination system 600 Any technology available in the art that can be used to monitor, track, or obtain information about The term "sensor" is intended to refer to any type of sensor.

[0264] The information collected by the at least one motion sensor 641 is used to determine the location of the motion sensor 641 in the ophthalmic examination system 600. For example, in some embodiments, The stem 600 may include a motion sensor 641 and / or an inertial measurement sensor (IMS) 693 / 641. This can be used to detect unexpected changes in the device's behavior and / or unwanted events. information about the system 600 being crashed (e.g., whether the system 600 was crashed) whether the system was dropped (e.g., if the head-mounted implementation of the system was dropped), 0 has been subjected to undesirable shock, the system 600 has been transported from its intended facility of use, (transporting benchtop implementations between various facilities and potentially damaging the devices in the process) The information collected by the sensors 693 / 641 is (e.g., Such information may be tracked, recorded, or otherwise processed (e.g., via a processor 310 in the system's digital circuitry). For example, unexpected equipment operation may occur. Information about the entity that provides / provides the warranty for the device (e.g. the original manufacturer In this way, the system can prevent unauthorized access to the information through the user's own negligence. Track and identify damage caused by accidents (e.g., damage caused by dropping equipment) This allows users to automate insurance and warranty claims handling. To ensure equipment tracking, the system also has a backup power supply. - Battery-powered, so you can track your inspection system even when it is turned off Cut.

[0265] Although described with reference to motion sensors and inertial measurement sensors, the ophthalmic examination system 600 Optionally, a system for detecting the occurrence of unexpected / undesirable events in the clinical examination system 600 may be provided. It should be noted that any suitable means may be used. For example, the ophthalmic examination system 60 may be used. 0 is equipped with a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a microphone, and a global positioning system (GPS ), gyroscope, light sensor, infrared sensor, proximity sensor, system clock, and and / or an acceleration sensor. Vents include information that may be of interest to authorized parties (e.g., original manufacturers). For example, an undesired event is the The sensor may be integrated on a single printed circuit board. , and may be distributed throughout the test system on multiple printed circuit boards.

[0266] The system 600 is configured to provide instructions to a subject for performing an ophthalmic examination. The subject may further include a subject instruction system 660. The subject instruction system 660 may include Allow a responsible party (e.g., a medical professional) to communicate with the subject during the eye examination or measurement. For example, the subject instruction system 660 may enable a medical professional to or to provide instructions and / or feedback to the subject undergoing the measurement. The subject instruction system 660 generally includes a processing device 310 and A device 610 communicates with various components of the system 600 to receive instructions from and provide responses to medical professionals. and / or request assistance / guidance. Other elements of the path (e.g., at least one random access memory (RAM), permanent memory, Using the communications interface 340, the speaker 467, and an appropriate connection (e.g., bus), It is possible.

[0267] In some embodiments, the subject instruction system 660 may be configured to determine the testing environment (e.g., the testing room). One or more commands can be issued to guide the subject through the The one or more instructions for performing the eye examination shall include: 1) the address or location of the laboratory where the eye examination will be performed; 2) the eye examination 3) information about the expected waiting time until the eye exam is performed Includes one.

[0268] The system 600 may measure at least one attribute of at least one eye of a subject (e.g., dark adaptation). The monitoring system 665 may further include a monitoring system for monitoring the measurement of the The subject can communicate with an automated subject instruction system 660 and can instruct the subject to perform at least one eye examination. and providing one or more instructions to the subject instruction system 660 in response to monitoring at least one attribute of the subject. For example, the monitoring system 665 may be configured to cause the subject instruction system 660 to can be used to provide subjects with instructions regarding the attributes being monitored. The system may communicate with, for example, speakers 467 / 65 through an interface included in system 600. These instructions can be provided using audio instructions provided via .

[0269] The speaker 650 is coupled to a monitoring system 665 and a subject instruction system 660 and includes at least and configuring the subject to provide instructions (audio communication) for monitoring another attribute. For example, the speaker 650 can be connected to the monitoring system 665 and the subject instruction system 660. The device receives instruction signals from the subject and converts these signals into audio signals to instruct the subject to focus their gaze on the fixation light. The test included voice prompts to keep the subject engaged, prompts to continue responding to the light stimulus, and The information may be configured to provide information about the remaining time of a call, etc.

[0270] Specifically, as described in more detail below, a monitoring system 665 and a subject instruction system 660 (e.g., The automated subject instruction system includes at least one processing device (e.g., processing device 310). The monitoring system 665 may be connected to the processing device and configured to send and receive signals to and from the processing device. monitor various attributes of the test (e.g., the subject's response to stimuli) and provide feedback on those attributes. information that may be useful in determining whether a subject continues to provide responses (e.g., the subject's response and / or whether the subject continues to provide responses) The processing device processes the information received from the monitoring system 665. whether any information should be provided to the subject and / or how the subject should proceed with the remainder of the test. Whether subjects should be instructed as to how to continue (e.g., whether subjects should be able to focus their gaze Whether subjects should be instructed to follow specific instructions When the patient judges that a certain level of attention should be given (e.g., instructions to maintain eye contact, providing a response, etc.), instructions), the processing unit includes at least one random access memory (RAM) module or Access a permanent memory module (e.g., memory 320) and provide those instructions to the subject. At least one audio file in a relevant format that can be used to serve For example, the format of the Waveform Audio File Format can be specified (e.g., You can specify a voice file that contains commands to focus the lines. The processor retrieves the identified audio file from the memory and plays it on the speaker 650. Trigger the execution of the file by prompting it to play an audio file for the test subject. The audio signal can be provided in the form of natural language / verbal commands. Cut.

[0271] Additionally or alternatively, the automated subject instruction system 660 and / or the monitoring system 665 may: The display device 670 may be coupled to a provider (e.g., a technician) performing the ophthalmic examination and measurements. ) configured to display relevant information and instructions (e.g., subject instructions) for use by the For example, the display device 670 can provide comments (focus) to the technician and The user may be prompted to provide instructions (e.g., read the instructions aloud).

[0272] Additionally, the system 600 may use information provided by a monitoring system 665 and / or In response to outcome prompts provided by the automated subject guidance system 660, the subject and / or a warning mechanism 630 that can provide a warning signal to the practitioner. The warning mechanism 630 further monitors one or more sensors 693, 693' to detect the presence or absence of the light seal 690 and the subject. Irregularities or undesirable contact between the person's face, head, or eye(s) configured to generate an alert when a condition is observed to notify an operator of the detected condition For example, in some embodiments, the monitoring system 665 may include sensors 693 / The information received from 641 is monitored to determine whether there is any light leakage through the light seal 690 (light seal based on information received from sensors that monitor the subject's (based on information received from inertial and / or motion sensors) and determine such a state. Observation of these conditions can alert the practitioner and / or the subject. The announcement mechanism 630 may be configured to announce the presence of a user through any suitable interface, such as through a speaker 650. Providing an audio signal (e.g., a speech signal) and / or via a display device 670 Providing a warning signal to the subject and / or clinician by providing a visual signal. This can be done.

[0273] Additionally, the warning mechanism 630 detects the possibility of light leakage through the light seal 690 by the light sensors 693, 693′. If the warning mechanism detects 0.005 Scotopic Cd / m 2 If the passage of light having an intensity greater than 1000 nm is detected within the light seal 690, The warning system / mechanism 630 may be further configured to generate a warning if Additionally, it can be configured to identify the subject's eye in the vicinity of where the light leak is detected. For example, the warning system 630 may be configured to generate an audio warning in response to detecting a light leak. It can be configured.

[0274] Alternatively or in addition, the alert mechanism 630 may be configured to alert the user of the system 600 during ophthalmic examinations and measurements. The device may be configured to notify the individual administering the device that the eye exam and measurements have been completed. For example, as shown in FIG. 4C, in one embodiment, the warning mechanism 630 may Administer the Rod Intercept™ (RITM) test for measurement of dark adaptation using the following: Configure it to notify you when a test is complete and / or when a malfunction has occurred As shown, the alert mechanism 630 can be configured to generate a warning signal (e.g., The dark adaptation test is conducted by generating and / or emitting a visual signal (such as The warning signal may inform the individual that the test is complete and / or An indication can be given to the individual that a malfunction (e.g., a fixation error) has occurred.

[0275] As described with reference to FIG. 4A, the system 600 may be configured to: and configured for use by the subject to provide feedback to the system 600. The system may include a user interface (subject response interface) 680 . The subject response interface 680 may be any suitable interface available in the art. For example, the subject response interface 680 may include a touch-sensitive button. Buttons, push buttons, 5-way rocker buttons, and / or traditional computer mouse The subject response interface may be a subject response interface 680. Responses configured to analyze and evaluate the subject responses / feedback received through the For example, in one embodiment, the response analyzer 185 can be coupled to the subject Analyze the subject's feedback to assess dark adaptation in at least one eye of the subject. The analyzer may be configured as follows: to analyze the subject's response (e.g., response to a light stimulus when analyzing dark adaptation). and a memory (e.g., memory 620) configured to store instructions for: can be done.

[0276] Furthermore, as also described with reference to FIG. 4A, the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 600 includes a frame. The system 600 may include a frame 602, a frame 602, and / or a frame The system may further include a provider interface 611 that may be located remotely from the system 602. The provider interface 611 allows clinicians or technicians to access data (e.g., coordination data). provide test interpretations and results, and / or provide information (e.g., test results) The system may be configured to use the collected data to collect and report on the

[0277] Additionally, the provider interface 611 may be connected to an electronic health record (EHR) or practice management system. Configure the system to communicate with the system (e.g., provide it with structured file data) Such structured file data can be accessed by multiple agencies. The communication center 610 may store such communications in a shared folder that is accessible to the public. Encryption may be employed to achieve this.

[0278] In some embodiments, the system 600 may be configured to start an eye exam, stop an eye exam in progress, Terminate, verbally and / or physically, by administering to one or more subjects wearing a head-mounted device The control unit 602 is configured to control the functions of the system 600, such as by providing visual commands. In some implementations, the command center 666 may also include , mobile devices - for example, iPads, and iPhones or similar devices The device may be a portable device and / or may be implemented on a mobile device. In some embodiments, the command center 666 may be located remotely from the frame 602 of the system 600. and any suitable communication protocol, including wireless communication protocols such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc. 6. The system 600 is configured to communicate with the

[0279] Although described as separate components, the various components of system 600 may be implemented as the same device or It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented as part of a system, e.g., the system described with reference to FIG. As described above, the interface unit 460 is a subject response interface and a provider It serves as both an interface and is provided by Command Center 666. It can be configured to provide at least a portion of the functionality.

[0280] Alternatively or additionally, the system 600 may provide a method for the subject to communicate with an individual who will be performing the eye examination. A call that can be used to For example, the talk button 600 may be configured to allow the subject to start the eye exam. The system may be configured to interact with the individual who performs the task.

[0281] Alternatively or additionally, the system 600 may include a power indicator and / or a power switch 6 0. The power indicator 60 is coupled to the 102 and indicates when the system 600 is powered on. and / or power off and / or the power state of the system 100 (e.g., when the system Whether it is on or off, e.g., battery remaining / remaining in a head-worn implementation It can be configured to be used to indicate the amount (percentage) of power being consumed. Switch 60 may be incorporated into, integrated with, and / or into any other portion of system 600. It should be noted that the component may be a component.

[0282] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a head-wearable device 700 according to an embodiment disclosed herein. As described with reference to FIG. 1A, the head-mountable device 700 and an optical interface in at least one eye (e.g., the tested eye) of the subject. and one or more light seals 724R, 724L configured to isolate the light source 724 from ambient light. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, at least one of the headsets 202 may include A portion of the device comprises an opaque region configured to obstruct the passage of ambient light to the subject's eye. For example, a head-mounted device 700 can be configured as shown in FIG. The head-wearable device 700 may have at least one opaque portion 711. The component 711 may comprise a material with adjustable opacity. The opaque portion 711 of the device may comprise a material having an adjustable opacity in response to a stimulus.

[0283] In some embodiments, the opaque portion 711 changes from translucent to opaque when a voltage is applied thereto. The opaque region 711 may be a liquid crystal configured to transition to transparent. At least a portion of the electrodes transition between opaque and translucent in response to application of one or more voltages. 7, one or more layers of liquid crystal cells 715 and one or more layers of light polarizers 713 ( For example, a polarizing filter may be used. This configuration may be configured as a head-mounted device 70 0 opacity 711 allows for a gradual transition from semi-transparent to fully opaque, This allows the subject to wait for a few seconds before the head-mounted device completely blocks light from passing through to their eyes. Allow subjects time to adapt to the environment (after wearing the head-mounted device) This can provide more comfort to subjects who have difficulty being in dark environments.

[0284] The polarizing filter 713 is offset in a predetermined direction relative to the underlying filter 215, and the liquid crystal cell For example, in some embodiments, the insulating layer may be configured to be interlayer-connected to the insulating layer. The polarizing filter can be offset at approximately 90 degrees to the underlying layer. The stimulation of the polarizer can change the refraction angle of the light passing through the liquid crystal cell layer, so that the polarizing filter The filter and liquid crystal cell layer provide a change in opacity of the opaque portion 711, and the The combination of the opaque portions 711 and 712 prevents light from passing through the opaque portions 711 (or allows light to pass through the opaque portions 711). The layers can be stacked in layers.

[0285] The opaque portion(s) 711 may be an integral part of the head-wearable device 700. and / or removably or replaceably attached to the head-mountable device 700. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, at least a portion of the head-mountable device may be The device 700 may include one or more opaque portions 811, 811' hinged to the device 700. In some embodiments, one or more opaque portions 811, 811' are in front of the head-wearable device. It can be bonded to surface 817 .

[0286] The opaque portion 811 uses at least one hinge 814, 814' to lift the opaque portion. A head unit configured to allow ambient light to pass to at least one eye of the subject. Alternatively or additionally, the opaque portion 811' may be a device that is wearable by the subject. and a lens for blocking the passage of light thereto, the lens being slidably disposed substantially in front of at least one eye of the lens. The head-wearable device may include a slidable screen configured to display the head-wearable device. , including any suitable mechanism necessary to accommodate coupling of opaque portions 811, 811' to the device. For example, at least a portion of the head-wearable device may include a slidable opaque portion. The part 811' is slidably mounted on the head-mountable device (on the front of the head-mountable device). The rail 825 may be configured to

[0287] In some embodiments, the flip seal 850 is located on the front 817 of the head wearable device. and a flip seal 850 disposed in front of the head-mounted device. When the eye is turned on, the passage of ambient light to the subject's eye(s) is obstructed. In this configuration, lifting the flip seal 850 exposes the subject's eyes through the area 890R of the face 817. In other words, the flip seal 850 and / or the opaque portion 852 are transparent to the light. When the part 811 / 811' is placed on the front of the head-wearable device, the head-wearable device The subject's eyes are positioned substantially in line with the subject's eyes when held against the subject's face, and the subject is prevented from seeing any ambient light. Similarly, the flip seal 850 and / or Hold the opaque portion 811 / 811' about the hinge 814 / 814' and / or on the rail 825. Raising / sliding allows ambient light into the subject's eyes.

[0288] As previously mentioned, in the closed configuration, the light shields 821, 821 prevent the passage of ambient light to the subject's eyes. In the open configuration, the light blocking portion is The cavity / chambers 889L, 889' are lifted via rotation about the transducers 814, 814'. R can be exposed to allow ambient light to reach the subject's eyes. A head-worn device and A mask can be placed to reduce the brightness of the light from the surroundings to that required to perform the eye exam. Such a transition is referred to herein as a "dark This is called the “going dark transition” and is used to ensure that subjects are in the dark state required to perform the eye exam. It can help you adapt to dark conditions more easily.

[0289] 9A-9E are diagrams illustrating an ophthalmic examination and measurement device 900 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. 9F shows various examples of head-mountable embodiments of the 900'. FIG. 9E shows an exploded view of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 9G shows a perspective view of a light seal according to some embodiments disclosed herein. vinegar.

[0290] The head-mounted device 900 / 900′ generally comprises a head-mounted device 991 configured to mount an arbitrary It can be configured to perform any suitable ophthalmic diagnostic procedure. For example, a head-mounted The device 900 / 900′ may be used to perform ophthalmic diagnostics, such as measuring dark adaptation in at least one eye of a subject 991. It can be used when performing an inspection.

[0291] As shown in FIGS. 9A-9E and 4C, headset 902 includes a housing or chamber 902H. In addition, various components of the ophthalmic testing and measuring device can be arranged in the device. As shown in Figures 9A-9E and 4C, headset 902 includes a housing or chamber 902H. In the device, various components of the ophthalmic examination and measurement device can be arranged. The housing 902H is a single device that can be implemented using the head-mounted device 900 / 900′. Optical and electronic components required to perform the above ophthalmic examinations and / or measurements ( The chamber 902H may house a front surface 972, a top surface 973, a bottom surface 974, and a bottom surface 975. A face (not shown), and a back surface 974 .

[0292] As described with reference to FIG. 9E, the chamber 902H may be configured to divide the chamber 902H into two or more compartments. The compartments may include one or more compartments configured to For example, the chamber 902H includes two compartments 998R and 998L. Each of these sections 998R, 998L can be associated with one of the subject's eyes. The compartments 998R, 998L include an external cup-shaped feature, and each compartment 998R, 998L is It may be configured to be adjacent to and / or surround at least one eye. (e.g., section 998R surrounds the right eye and section 998L surrounds the left eye).

[0293] The inner part of each compartment 998R, 998L can accommodate various components and can be worn on the head. To perform one or more optical inspections and measurements performed by the optical inspection and measurement device 900 / 900'. The sections 998R and 998L can be configured to perform various functions as required. Can accommodate the components required to perform the same inspection and / or measurement Specifically, sections 998R and 998L are used for testing or measuring one or both eyes of the subject (e.g. The device can be configured to accommodate the components necessary to perform a variety of measurements, such as measuring dark adaptation. For example, embodiments utilizing a removable cartridge (e.g., the embodiment shown in FIG. 5A) may be used. In the cartridges 500R, 500L of the embodiment, the compartments 998R, 998L are removable and replaceable It can be configured to receive a cartridge.

[0294] Alternatively or additionally, sections 998R, 998L may be used for performing different ophthalmic tests and / or measurements. For example, compartments 998R and 998L can be configured to accommodate components required for One compartment is necessary to perform a first ophthalmic examination and / or measurement on one eye of the subject. The other compartment houses the components for performing a second ophthalmic test and / or measurement on the other eye of the subject. The device can be configured to accommodate the components necessary to perform the above-mentioned functions. These components are removable and replaceable, making them an integral part of the ophthalmic system. Alternatively or in addition, at least one of the sections 998R, 998L may include at least one Furthermore, in some embodiments, at least one compartment 9 can be emptied in a timely manner. 98R, 998L are at least partially enclosed and provided by a head-mounted device 900 / 900' The compartment contains the components necessary to perform the ophthalmic examination and / or measurement to be performed. It is possible to block the entry of peripheral light.

[0295] As mentioned above, a head-mounted implementation of the inspection and measurement system described herein 900 / 900' is a device that can be worn by a subject and / or at least a portion of the device can be attached to the subject. A headgear that can be worn on the subject's head adjacent to at least one of the subject's eyes. The headset 902 may include any available and suitable The device can be attached to the subject's head using a variety of mechanisms. For example, as described above, The headset 902 may be coupled to the subject 991 when worn by the subject 991. A head-wearable headset 902 is placed on at least a portion of the subject's head. The head-mountable device 900 / 900′ is configured so that the subject can wear it to perform the measurement. The strap 994 can be adjusted to fit around the head of each individual subject, It may be adjustable to provide a comfortable fit.

[0296] Generally, the strap 994 may be attached to the headset using any suitable or available mechanism. For example, the strap 994 may be connected to the base 902 via one or more adjustable mechanisms. 935 may be used to rotatably couple to headset 902. Alternatively or in addition, The strap 394 may include one or more rotatable dials, hinges, and / or ratchets 9 35 can be used to couple to the headset 902. One or more rotatable dials The hinges, hinges, and / or ratchets 935 may secure the straps 994 to any desired or suitable The image may be configured to be rotated to any orientation or dimension.

[0297] For example, the strap 994 can rotate from about 5° to about 225° relative to the headset 902. The headset may be mounted to a headset housing using a resistive hinge configured to provide a 902. This rotatable feature of the strap 994 allows the strap 99 4 can be fitted comfortably to the subject's head. Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism 935 can be adjusted to rotate In particular, the damper may include an adjustable The mechanism 935 physically repositions the strap 994 and the headset 902 relative to one another. It can be configured to prevent unintentional rotation that would require manipulation.

[0298] The strap 994 may include one or more layers of material. For example, the strap 994 may include The side of the strap configured to contact the subject's head may include an inner layer 934. Additionally, the inner layer 934 can be removably and replaceably coupled to the strap 394. For example, the inner layer 934 can be disposed of and / or cleaned after each use (or after multiple uses). A disposable layer may be configured that is configured to be replaced. 2, the disposable layer 934 is attached and / or detached from the strap 994. It may include an adhesive (eg, Velcro®) to allow for removal.

[0299] Alternatively or additionally, at least one of the straps 994 and the inner layer 934 may be pre-cleaned prior to each use. / Materials that allow for subsequent surface cleaning of the inner layer 934 and / or straps 994 For example, at least one of the inner layer 934 and the straps 994 may be made of a woven or nonwoven natural material. Fiber or polymer fibers, clean with conventional medical grade cleaning agents (e.g. rubbing alcohol) Washable materials (e.g. metals such as aluminum, stainless steel, copper, or Delrin) (registered trademark), polymers such as polycarbonate, polyurethane, etc.

[0300] The strap 994 is adapted to fit the subject's head appropriately and comfortably by adjusting the length of the strap 994. The device may also include at least one adjustment dial 935 that can be used to provide a feel. The adjustment dial 935 can be adjusted by adjusting the head-mounted device 900 / 900' around the subject's head. can be used to adjust the Additionally, the adjustment dial 935 can be adjusted manually and / or automatically (e.g., 3 (under instructions received from a processing unit 310 (shown in FIG. 3 )) to adjust the It may be configured to provide a proper and / or comfortable fit.

[0301] The head-mounted device 900 / 900' also shields at least one eye of the subject from ambient light. As described above, the optical seal 990 may include an optical seal configured to separate the optical seal 990. The headset 902 may be coupled to at least one eye of the subject (e.g., In some embodiments, the device is configured to isolate the subject's eyes) from ambient light.

[0302] The light seal 990 may be an integral part of the device 900 / 900′ and / or may be attached to the head. The headset 90 of the head-worn device 900 may be removably or interchangeably coupled to the headset 90. Additionally, the light seal 990 may generally be made of any suitable material known in the art. For example, the light seal 990 can be made of silicone, polyurethane, neoprene, , polyolefin, nitrile rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol A polymeric material such as at least one of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polylactic acid (PLA). Additionally or alternatively, the light seal 990 may include a plurality of fibers, such as cellulose fibers, and / or open-cell foam or open-cell foam, alginate foam, and dendrimer. The foam may include a foam material such as any of the punch type foams.

[0303] The optical seal 990 is adapted to facilitate forming an optical seal around at least one of the subject's eyes. For example, the light seal 990 may have various features configured to block ambient light. to form a seal that inhibits, and preferably prevents, exposure to the subject's eyes. configured to fit around the eye area and / or at least a portion of the subject's head; The flanges 995L, 995R may include one or more flanges 995R, 995L. The flanges 995L, 995R may be any suitable Constructed from any suitable available material and formed into any suitable shape and / or size. It is possible.

[0304] As previously mentioned, the light seal 990 can be configured to isolate each eye independently from ambient light, or to isolate both eyes. The light seal 990 can be configured to simultaneously isolate the eyes from ambient light. Each eye of the subject can be configured to be independently isolated from ambient light.

[0305] In some embodiments, the light seal 990 is formed by a common segment R in the form of a ridge (FIG. 9E). Thus, it can include two cup-shaped portions 998R, 998L separated from each other. Portions 998R, 998L are configured to allow passage of light to at least one eye of the subject. Each of the cup-shaped portions 998R, 998L may include a viewing window 997R, 997L that may be viewed from the subject. The eye can be configured to closely surround the corresponding eye and isolate it from ambient light. For example, one or more of the flanges 995R, 995L may be positioned adjacent to the subject's eyes on the subject's head. area, at least a portion of the subject's nose, and / or any area immediately surrounding the subject's head. The system encloses the entire area and allows each eye to be isolated from ambient light independently of the other eye. Optical seals, including inner seals, can be formed using a variety of different materials (e.g., polymeric materials). The device can be disposable or reusable.

[0306] In some embodiments, the light seal may be constructed of a polymeric material. Materials include silicone, polyurethane, neoprene, polyolefin, nitrile rubber, ethylene Polyvinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or polylactic acid (PLA) Additionally or alternatively, the light seal may comprise a plurality of fibers. For example, the fibers may consist of cellulose fibers. Additionally or alternatively, The light seal may include a foam material. Foam materials include alginate-based foams and starch-based foams. The foam may include any of the following:

[0307] As previously mentioned, the light seal 990 can be made up of one or more sections, each of which may include: It can be reusable and / or disposable. FIG. 9E shows at least one FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a head-mounted ophthalmic testing and measurement device 900′ having a light seal 990 with a sacrificial portion 912. 1 shows an example of a disposable portion 912 that is attached to a surface of a conformable body portion 996 of a light seal 990. when the head-wearable device 900 / 900′ is worn by the subject; and and / or the subject's face when the head-mountable device 900' is placed against the subject's face. / may be a sanitary ringer 912 configured to contact the skin. 12 may be configured to contact the skin of the subject, and after contacting the skin of the subject, The hygienic Ringer 912 is a single-use, disposable In some embodiments, the sanitary liner can be a double-sided tape ( For example, to facilitate attachment and detachment of the liner 912 to the straps 993. can be done.

[0308] In some embodiments, a tracking system 998 (e.g., RFID tags or bar codes, etc. An RFID tag (hereinafter commonly referred to as an "RFID tag") can be incorporated into the light seal 990. may be bonded to the light seal 990 and / or the liner 912 in any suitable known manner. As described with reference to FIG. 1G, the RFID tag 998 can be used to verify that the disposable layer 492 is genuine and unusable. to ensure that the original device is Additionally, it may be incorporated into the disposable layer 912 to enforce single use of the disposable layer.

[0309] In some embodiments, the receptacle or chamber may include an optical mask according to the present teachings. For example, as shown in Figures 9F-9G, Then, a portion 991 of the optical mask 990 is fitted into a receptacle or chamber 989L so as to contact the subject's eye. It is possible to easily place an optical mask on the optical mask 990. The optical mask 990 is positioned so that the openings 990O are substantially aligned with the windows provided in the cavities 997R / 997L. In this configuration, when the light shielding portions 811 and 811′ are closed, 8, the subject is placed / placed in a head-mounted device 900′. The light emitted by the light source of the eye examination system attached to the head can be seen. The head-wearable device 900' may be disposed on an upper portion 902U of the head-wearable device 900'. Portion 902U may include other components, such as electronic components, necessary to perform the ophthalmic test. Cut.

[0310] FIG. 10A is a block diagram of a light seal 1090 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. As shown, the light stickers 1090 each shield one eye of the subject from ambient light. an internal cavity 109 having one or more cups 1098R, 1098L configured to seal from 9. In the example shown in FIG. 10A, the left cup 1098L seals the subject's left eye from ambient light. The right cup 1098R can be configured to seal the subject's right eye from ambient light. Although shown as a connected unit, the light seal 1098 R, 1098L do not need to be connected and can be separate members (e.g. as shown in Figure 1F). In addition, the optical seal may be placed over either eye (right or left) of the subject. and / or a head-mounted implementation. Can be coupled to the eye interface (right or left).

[0311] The light seal 1090 is configured to allow the passage of light to at least one eye of the subject. In the example shown in FIG. 10A, the light seal is Each of the cups 1098L, 1098R is configured to allow the passage of light to each of the examiner's eyes. Includes viewing windows 1097L and 1097R.

[0312] The light seal 1090 is adapted to detect the intrusion or leakage of extraneous or ambient light into the subject's eyes. The optical sensor 1093 may further include one or more optical sensors 1093a, 1093b, 1093c, 1093d configured in The light sensor may be attached in any suitable manner on the light seal, for example to viewing window 1093c (next to viewing window 1097L). 1093d (adjacent to viewing window 1097R), and the cavity of the light seal 1090 1099。 1099 may be configured to detect possible light leakage or intrusion.

[0313] Alternatively or additionally, the light seal 1090 may be disposed at any suitable location within the cavity 1099 of the light seal 1090. For example, the optical seal 10 may include one or more optical sensors 1093a, 1093b disposed on the optical seal 10. 90 is the boundary of the seal 1090 (e.g., where the seal 1090 contacts the subject's face or skin) The optical sensors 1093a, 1093b, 1093c, 1093d, 1093e, 1093f, 1093g, 1093h, 1093i, 1093j, 1093i ... 093d may be comprised of any suitable light sensor. For example, light sensors 1093a, 1093b, 1093c 1093d includes one or more photodiodes configured to sense any intrusion of external light. In some embodiments, the photodiode may include a photodiode (e.g., an avalanche photodiode). In a 3-D camera, one or more photodiodes are located on or near the optical system, inside the eyecup, or On or near the disposable portion of the seal, inside the headset, and / or the optical 1099, which includes any internal volume of the assembly contained within the channel chamber. It is possible.

[0314] The optical seal 1090 includes at least one of a pressure sensor and / or a capacitive sensor 1093p. The one or more pressure sensors may be located at any suitable position on the optical seal 1090. Such pressure sensors can be included in the sealing device to ensure that the proper sealing force is applied. To prevent this, the elastomeric eyecups 1098L, 1098R are fitted at key points and / or with optical seals 10 90. The strain gauges 90 may include, but are not limited to, one or more strain gauges disposed on the

[0315] In some embodiments, the elastomeric eyecup 1098L, 1098R material may include The compressive force can be evaluated through the change in electrical resistance or capacitance of the conductive filler. (e.g., carbon black). Using a sensor 1093g (e.g., a capacitive sensor) that can measure changes such as Ensure that adequate sealing force is applied at all points around the perimeter of the eyecups 1098L and 1098R. It is possible.

[0316] For example, as shown in FIG. 10B, a capacitive sensor 1093g is disposed on the optical seal 1090. The capacitive sensor 1093g may include at least two plates 1093g-1, 1093g-2. Two optical seals 1090 are disposed on opposite sides of the optical seal 1090 (e.g., the inner optical seal and the outer optical seal). The optical seal 1090 may include two plates 1093g-1, 1093g-2. or a decrease in pressure on the light seal) causes the light seal to deform, thereby separating the two plates 1 The plate separation between 093g-1 and 1093g-2 can be decreased (or increased). A decrease in the plate separation (or an increase in the plate separation) in turn leads to an increase in the capacitance of the capacitive sensor. (or a decrease) thereby activating the sensor 1093g. The system detects when the capacitance detected by the sensor 1093g is above or below a predetermined range. 10, a warning may be issued (e.g., using warning system 630) indicating possible light leakage through light seal 1090. The present invention can be configured to operate in a variety of ways.

[0317] Alternatively or additionally, a conductive film can be used to assess the compressive force via a change in electrical resistance. Disposable optical screens incorporating polymeric materials impregnated with fillers (e.g., carbon black) Use the Eyecup 1090 to secure the Eyecup 1098L, 1098R and / or the Disposable Optical Seal 1090. Any other sensor may be used to ensure that an appropriate sealing force is applied at all points of the enclosure. , e.g., the distance and / or proximity of the headset to at least a portion of the subject's eyes. Sensors capable of detecting the , LED light switches, ultrasonic sensors, etc.) according to the embodiments disclosed herein. It can be adopted.

[0318] As described above, a processing device (e.g., an ophthalmic examination system according to embodiments disclosed herein) may be used. The processing device 310 of the stem can be coupled to a sensor and the sensor included in the optical seal 1090. The device is configured to receive and process the information obtained by the device(s). The processing unit 310 may then trigger a warning signal and / or provide a light to the practitioner and / or subject. A notice (e.g., an audio or visual notice) may be provided to warn of possible light leakage through the seal 1090. (via)

[0319] FIG. 11 is an optical chamber in which the optical components (light source and optics) of a head-wearable device may be housed. 1 shows an illustrative example of an optical chamber 1110. The optical chamber 1110 may be comprised of one or more compartments. For example, the chamber 1110 can be divided into four compartments 1111, 1112, 1113, and 1114. Additionally, each section of the chamber 1110 may include one or more light sources and / or optical elements. The one or more light sources may be arranged to generate light at one or more brightness levels. and / or may be configured to transmit. For example, at least one light source may be , the light color of the subject's examined eye (the eye of the subject undergoing the ophthalmic examination and / or measurement) A first brightness level capable of bleaching the dye and / or desensitizing a portion of the rhodopsin molecules. A light source having such capabilities can be configured to emit a light beam of 100 Hz. Generally referred to in the literature as a bleaching light source, light emitted at such an intensity level is referred to herein as a bleaching light source. This is commonly referred to as bleaching light. At least one other light source is required to isolate the rod response. It delivers a second brightness level of light that stimulates rods while not stimulating cones or very little. Light sources having such capabilities can be configured to stimulate cells. In the present invention, a light beam projected at such a luminance level is generally referred to as a stimulating light source. In the specification, this is generally referred to as the stimulus light. At least one other light source is used to illuminate the subject's test light. to provide light at an illuminance level configured for use in focusing the eye of the subject; A light source having such a function is generally referred to as a fixation light in this specification. The light beam projected at such an illuminance level is generally referred to herein as a fixation light. Be found out.

[0320] One or more light sources may be used to provide a bleaching protocol to the person undergoing the vision test. The bleaching protocol may be varied as needed according to any suitable and available technique. For example, a bleaching protocol may involve exposing the subject's test eye to a bleaching light. As described above, the bleaching light can be configured to The stimulation light is then applied to the rhodopsin molecule. Therefore, bleaching light is a useful tool to measure visual recovery (e.g., dark adaptation). The ISA is designed to serve as a standardized baseline for testing purposes.

[0321] In general, any bleaching protocol that can provide a standardized baseline can be used. can be used in the embodiments described herein. The bleaching light is generally stronger than the stimulating light. The absolute intensity values ​​of the bleaching and stimulating lights can be adjusted as desired. Generally, the higher the intensity level (the greater the absolute value of the intensity level) the The bleaching light with a shorter exposure time is required to achieve the baseline required for the measurement of dark adaptation. In some embodiments, the intensity of the bleaching light is, for example, about 1.5 log dark. Intensity ranging from approximately 8 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to approximately 3 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec The intensity can range from about 5 log retinal illuminance / sec to about 5 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec.

[0322] As mentioned above, the bleaching protocol desensitizes a desired amount of rhodopsin molecules to the stimulating light. This provides a standardized baseline against which to measure visual recovery. The intensity of the light or the duration of exposure to the bleaching light can be adjusted to effect the desired amount of desensitization. For example, a portion of the rhodopsin molecules equivalent to about 50% to 100% can be desensitized. Also, the intensity of the bleaching light can be adjusted to desensitize the appropriate amount of rhodopsin molecules. For example, a bleaching light intensity of 7.65 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec would result in approximately 98% of the rhodopsin could be bleached, and a bleaching light intensity of 5.36 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec was used. Approximately 50% of the synthon molecules can be bleached using a bleaching light intensity of 1.56 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec. If necessary, about 20% of the rhodopsin molecules can be bleached. Alternative bleaching light intensities that desensitize less than 50% or more than 50% of the photoreceptor may also be used.

[0323] Generally, the bleaching light can include one or more wavelengths in the range of about 490 nm to about 510 nm. In some embodiments, the bleaching light does not contain any wavelength components outside the range of about 490 nm to about 510 nm. Alternatively or additionally, the bleaching light may be one or more wavelengths in the range of about 600 nm to about 700 nm. In some embodiments, the bleaching light can include a wavelength outside the range of about 490 nm to about 510 nm. Furthermore, the light source emitting the bleaching light may be between about 0.5 milliseconds and about 200 milliseconds. It can be configured to generate a bleaching light pulse having a duration in the range of seconds. In addition, the bleaching light contains intensities ranging from about 1.5 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to about 8 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec. It is possible to do so.

[0324] After performing the bleaching protocol, visual recovery can be monitored and measured via a stimulus light. This recovery of light sensitivity is primarily mediated by the retina and primarily through rods. The subject can be asked to give a series of responses to the stimulus light, The response of the signal can vary in intensity according to one or more indicator factors. The subject's dark adaptation status can be determined using the The response of the stimulus light can be used to determine a threshold measurement, the threshold being the threshold at which the subject is able to see the stimulus light. The threshold can generally be defined using any suitable intensity of the stimulus light. An example of a threshold measurement can be found in U.S. application Ser. No. 13 / 028,893. No. 6,393,636, the entire teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0325] Referring to the example shown in FIG. 11, the device includes one or more fixation light sources S F 1,S F 2, bleaching light source S B 1 and Stimulation light source S S 1. Bleaching light source S B 1. Use a bleaching light of any suitable intensity (e.g. For example, the light source can be adjusted to provide high or low intensity light. may include intensities ranging from about 1.5 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to about 8 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec. can.

[0326] Fixation light source, bleaching light source S B 1, and the stimulation light source may generally be any available in the art. For example, these light sources may include laser light sources and / or LEDs. In one embodiment, the bleaching light source S B 1 is the flash of the achromatic camera. It may be a light source or a bank of LED lights. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in some embodiments, a single light source may be used to implement the techniques described herein. It should be understood that one or more lighting levels may be generated for use. Although the bleaching light source has been described as an internal component of a head-wearable device, some In an embodiment of the present invention, the bleaching light source may be omitted from the head-wearable device, and bleaching may be performed by It can be performed independently of a head-mounted device.

[0327] As mentioned above, the bleaching source S B 1. Determine the desired spectrum for bleaching the photopigment in the test eye. A bleaching light source may be any light source capable of emitting a light beam having a 403 includes one or more LEDs configured to emit a light beam 403 (e.g., a white light beam). (A collection of LEDs).

[0328] Similarly, the stimulus light source S S 1 is the effective space for stimulating the rod-shaped photoreceptors in the subject's eye. For example, the stimulating light may include one or more wavelengths in the range of about 400 nm to about 750 nm. Alternatively, the stimulation light source S S 1 is about 100 milliseconds to about 400 milliseconds The device can be configured to generate light stimuli having a range of durations. In an embodiment, the stimulating light is configured with an intensity ranging from about 100 milliseconds to about 400 milliseconds. -4 cd / m 2 ~about 5cd / m 2 In one embodiment, the initial target stimulus intensity is in the range of 4 The initial intensity can be .85cd / m2, but other initial intensities can be used. In terms of form, the stimulation light is 4.0 x 10 -4 cd / m 2 ~about 5cd / m 2 It is composed of intensities in the range of

[0329] As mentioned above, referring to FIG. 6, a pair of mirrors are angled relative to each other. The optical system may be configured to direct light emitted from the light source to the subject's eye. The system can include one or more lenses that direct light into the subject's eye. Thus, the converging lenses are mounted on the movable platforms 603, 603' and the mirrors (complex (number of lenses) before passing through the pupil and into the subject's eye. A bleaching light source S can be placed in the light path in front of the subject's eyes. B 1 is the desired light intensity (e.g. For example, visible light (e.g., in the range of 450 nm to 560 nm) with a Tds of 3 log scotopic to 7 log scotopic. The stimulation light source S can generate light having a wavelength in the range of 100 nm to 150 nm. S 1 is the desired light intensity (e.g. 5×10 -4 cd / m 2 ~about 5cd / m 2 ) may generate visible light (e.g., 45 nm to 560 nm).

[0330] Fixation light source S F 1,S F 2. Focus the subject's gaze on each bleaching light S B 1 and Stimulus Light S S Point it towards 1 The fixation light source S F 1,S F 2. Irradiate visible light at any wavelength and any amount of light. However, other wavelengths and light intensities can also be used.

[0331] During the examination or measurement, the image plane can be presented to the subject. 12 shows an example of two different image planes 1200, 1200' that can be presented to a subject. may be used in tabletop and / or head-mounted implementations of the ophthalmic examination system described herein. It is possible.

[0332] As described above, image plane 1200 is a perspective view of an ophthalmic examination system according to embodiments disclosed herein. The subject may include a fixation point 1210 that is presented to the subject using an embodiment of the system. During the test (including some rest periods), the subject is asked to fixate their gaze on a fixation point 1210. As the subject maintains their gaze fixed on the fixation point 1210, a bleached region 1230 is presented in the image plane 1200. The subject was instructed to fixate the gaze on the fixation light and first bleached the light using the bleaching aperture. After the bleaching process is complete, the subject is presented with a white pulse. After the bleaching process is complete, the subject is presented with smaller and smaller pulses for the remainder of the test. The image plane is altered to present an illuminating area 1220 to the user.

[0333] As shown, the bleached region 1230 is a region in which the stimulus region 820 is presented, To ensure that no edge of the bleached region 1230 is presented, the stimulation region 1220 (long a region (having a length of 123L) configured to be larger than the The bleached region 1230 and the stimulated region 1220 may be easily distinguished from each other by the presentation of the bleached region 1230 and the stimulated region 1220. For example, the bleaching opening 1230 may be configured in a positive The stimulation area 1220 may be rectangular (having a first length 1230L) and the stimulation area 1220 may be circular (having a second a diameter having a length 1220L, the first length being greater than the second length This allows the subject to easily switch between the presentation of the bleaching light and its residual effects and the presentation of the stimulating light. The fixed dots 1210 can be distinguished from the bleached regions 1230 and the stimulated regions 1220. 1210L)。 1210L)))))))))).

[0334] FIG. 13 illustrates another embodiment (e.g., a head-mounted version) of the ophthalmic examination system disclosed herein. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an image plane 1300 presented to a subject in the embodiment shown in FIG. In an embodiment, the subject's eyes remain positioned on the optical axis throughout all stages of the test. However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 (which can be used for head-mounted implementations), the optical system is aligned along the X axis. The actuator may be arranged so as to be movable (by motorized control) along the X-axis.

[0335] Specifically, image plane 1300 may have a bleach-fix light area 1310 having a first diameter 1310L. The subject may be asked to focus on the bleach-fixing light area 1310 during the bleaching process. To carry out the bleaching process, the bleaching region 1330 (having a first length 1330L) is In the image plane (e.g., 1 in the X direction) the center of region 1330 is aligned with the subject's pupil. Upon completion of the bleaching process, the subject is moved to the bleach fixed light area as in the bleach fixed light area. The subject is asked to focus his / her gaze on a stimulus fixation point that can have a diameter of 1310L. The white regions are moved away from alignment with the subject's pupil (e.g., along the X direction 1340). ), the stimulation area 1320 is arranged to align the center of the stimulation with the subject's pupil (e.g., along the X direction 1340'.

[0336] As previously described, the bleached area 1330 and the stimulated area 1320 are presented in a manner similar to that described above. Each may have a different shape for ease of distinction. For example, the bleaching opening 1330 may be a square. (having a first length 1330L), and the stimulation area 1320 can be circular (having a second length 1 320L, and the first length is greater than the second length, This allowed subjects to easily distinguish between the presentation of the bleaching light and its aftereffect and the presentation of the stimulating light. The fixed dots 1310 and 1315 are larger than the bleached area 1330 and the stimulated area 1320. The axial length of the axial groove may be 1310L or 1311L.

[0337] In some embodiments, the head-mounted device is configured to position the pupil in the optical center during the test. can be centered directly (i.e., the optical assembly is not moved as described above). In this method, subjects looked toward the bleach-fixing light during the bleach phase and toward the stimulus light during the stimulation phase. You can look at the fixed light. These two inspection methods are used for inspection. Appropriate calibration of the device according to pupil position may be necessary.

[0338] As previously mentioned, the head-mounted device uses a motorized optical assembly to focus the pupil of the eye. The hole is precisely positioned and the optical assembly is moved to allow for the bleaching and stimulation of the test area. The center and the center of stimulation can be determined respectively. The distance range is generally specified as 54 mm to 72 mm. In the table-top embodiment, a motorized A chin rest may be used. Pupil position may be adjusted to suit subject posture and comfort during testing. Accordingly, some variation will be found during testing.

[0339] When bleaching is performed, the bleaching / stimulation light can be projected directly from the image plane. When using a 3D image, a neutral density filter and a glass diffuser are inserted between the LED and the image plane, and the aperture of the image plane is The stimulation area may be modified to accommodate the stimulation aperture. A glass diffuser or other suitable diffusing material may be used during stimulation. During bleaching, the LED is defocused relative to the image plane position to eliminate hot spots. The LEDs used for bleaching / stimulation are integrated collimators with a narrow projection range. The lens holder can be used to insert a correction lens. This can improve the image quality presented to the user.

[0340] 14A-14B show a head mounted implementation of a headset according to some embodiments disclosed herein. 14 shows a high level cross-sectional view 1400, 1400' of a portion of an optical system that may be used.

[0341] In FIG. 14A-B, the center of the observation optical system 1401 and the reference plane 1402 when observed from above are A fixing light 1405, a bleaching light 1420, and / or a stimulating light 1410 are presented to the subject. The light source is disposed within a housing 1430, which may be any suitable housing available in the art. In some implementations, the fixation light 1405 can be positioned to improve image uniformity ( For example, to display a fixed dot without hot spots, a diffuser 1406 The bleaching light 1420 may be provided by an additional collimated lens when performing bleaching. The stimulus light can be projected directly through the image plane 1431 to the image plane 1440. Before exiting 40, it may be presented through a neutral density filter 1411 and a diffuser 1412.

[0342] The hotspot can be achieved by using diffusers 1406, 1412 for the fixation and stimulus lights, or by bleaching. Defocusing of light by positioning the collimating lens 1431 relative to the position of the image plane 1440 when performing The light source used for bleaching contains a wide beam integrating lens. A collimating lens is introduced after the bleaching light to provide a narrow projection range. As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the headset may include a user -Adjustment knob / dial is provided to adjust the image plane distance and mainly control the image quality presented to the user. The knob adjusts the distance between the image plane 1440 and the viewing optics 1460. Then, spherical equivalent correction is performed.

[0343] The image plane is viewed through viewing optics (e.g., a 50 mm FL lens) 1460 and a protective window 1450. The optical sealing function is the eye 1445 and the and pupil 1446 may be positioned at any suitable location (e.g., 23 mm from the surface of protective window 1450). In some embodiments, the observation optics 1460 (e.g., 50 mm FL The distance from the lens to the eye 1445 ranges from 10 mm to 80 mm, 20 mm to 60 mm, or 30 mm to 40 mm. It is possible.

[0344] Furthermore, as mentioned above, the pupil position 1446 depends on the subject and the pupil imaging camera 1476 As previously mentioned, the optical system 1400 can be used to determine the amount of the test bleach and and one or more mirrors configured to reflect light from the stimulation light sources 1410, 1420 to the subject's pupil. The optical fiber 140 may also include a reflector 1451 (eg, at least one dichroic mirror).

[0345] FIG. 15 is a high-level block diagram of an interface system according to an embodiment disclosed herein. As described with reference to FIG. The examination system 1550 includes digital circuits and related components that implement the various functions of the ophthalmic examination system 1550. 15. The digital circuit 1501 may include, as described above in detail, 01 monitors the operation of the ophthalmic examination system, transmits signals regarding the operation of the ophthalmic examination system, and and / or configured to receive and / or control the operation of the ophthalmic examination system. The system may include various components including a processing unit 1510 .

[0346] The processing unit 1510 may control the movement of the ophthalmic examination system 1550 and / or the head-mounted device 100. collect or receive information and data relating to the operation of the Company and / or store such information and data; The data may be stored in a separate database or may be forwarded to another component (e.g., another part of the eye examination system). The processing device 1510 may further include a processor 1520. Control, monitor, and provide a variety of functions necessary to analyze, interpret, track, and report on collected information and data. and / or may be configured to perform (e.g., a head-mounted In general, these functions may be implemented in any suitable computer. by a computer system and / or by digital circuits or computer hardware The processing unit 1510 may be implemented and run on a single piece of hardware, such as a processor, to perform various functions as described herein. The processing unit 1510 may implement and / or control functions and methods. monitors the operation of the clinical testing system 1550 and transmits and / or receives signals regarding the operation of the system 1550 and / or may be further configured to control operation of the system 1550. The processing unit 1510 may also collect or receive data regarding the operation of the system 1550. and / or store or transfer the data to another institution (e.g. a health care facility). can be done.

[0347] Generally, the processing unit 1510 and CPU 1515 are connected to a main memory 1520 (e.g., a read-only memory Receives instructions and data from a memory or random access memory or both The instructions and other data can be stored in the memory. The processing unit 1510 and the main memory 1520 may be configured to store a special It may be included in or supplemented by special purpose logic circuitry. The memory 1520 includes a machine-readable memory suitable for embodying data and computer program instructions. Volatile, non-volatile, semi-volatile memory, or other memory included in a removable storage device The main memory 1520 may be any suitable form of virtual memory. For example, the main memory 1520 may be a magnetic Magnetic disks (e.g. internal or removable disks), magneto-optical disks, semi-conductor disks, Semiconductor memory devices (e.g., EPROM or EEPROM), flash memory, CD-ROM, and / or or DVD-ROM disc.

[0348] The main memory 1520 can hold application software 1527. For example, the main memory 1520 and the application software 1527 may be any of the components described herein. and computer-executable instructions and data structures that implement various aspects of the embodiments. Various computer-executable instructions, application software, and data structures For example, the main memory 1520 and application software 1527 The subject's device may be employed, for example, to communicate with the subject to instruct the subject during an ophthalmic examination. A subject instruction system (e.g., an automated subject instruction system as described in detail below) It may include computer-executable instructions and data structures that implement the invention.

[0349] The processing unit 1510 may further be coupled to a database or data storage 1530. The data storage device 1530 stores and stores information related to the various functions and operations of the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 1550. It can be configured to store relevant information and data.

[0350] The processing unit 1510 may further be coupled to a display device 1517. The display device 1570 may The display device 1570 may be configured to receive information and instructions from a processing device. Generally, any suitable display device available in the art, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or For example, the display 1570 may be a A station that can receive instructions from the user and / or provide information to the user The display may be a smart display and / or a touch-sensitive display.

[0351] The processing unit 1510 may further be connected to various interfaces. The connection to the interface is via the system or the input / output (I / O) interface 1549 ( For example, Bluetooth, USB connectors, audio interfaces, FireWire, peripherals The I / O interface can be established through a The face 1549 may include any suitable interface, such as a microphone 1566, a speaker 1567, , and one or more sensors 1541.

[0352] The processing unit 1510 may further include a communication interface such as a network interface. The communication interface 1540 can be coupled to the ophthalmic examination and measurement system 15 50 and / or a communication interface included in the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 1550. For example, a communication interface 1540 may be configured to receive The interface 1540 provides the ophthalmic testing and measurement system 1550 with a connection to a suitable communication network. A communication interface may be provided through which data, information, As described above, the system 1550 can transmit and receive information, and instructions. The embodiments disclosed herein may be used to construct optical components for performing various ophthalmic tests and measurements. The imaging device may further include an optical system 1502.

[0353] The one or more sensors 1541 may be any suitable sensor, for example, a system 1550 and / or One or more devices configured to track and / or monitor the movements and / or movement of a subject. For example, the system 1550 may include a motion sensor to detect sudden acceleration or configured to monitor, track, and / or collect information indicative of deceleration, One motion sensor 1541 (e.g., at least one of an accelerometer and / or tilt sensor) may include one or more).

[0354] In some embodiments, the system 1550 detects unexpected changes in device motion and / or Motion sensors and / or habitual sensors that can be used to gather information about undesirable events The sensor may include an Integrity Measurement Sensor (IMS) to detect unexpected and / or undesired changes in the device's behavior. An example of an undesirable event is whether the system 1550 has been dropped (e.g., the system head is If the wearable implementation is dropped. If the system 1550 is dropped (e.g., the system If the system is dropped (for example, when the system is attached to the head of a whether the system 1550 has been transported from its intended facility of use (if the practitioner (Transporting tabletop examples between various facilities and potentially damaging the equipment in the process) stomach.

[0355] The processing unit 1510 can monitor the sensors and process the information collected by the sensors 1541. The collected information may be transferred to the As previously described, information regarding the movement of the ophthalmic examination system 1550 may be provided to the ophthalmic examination system 15 50 may include information regarding sudden acceleration or deceleration.

[0356] The processing unit 1510 processes this information to determine whether the device has been subjected to an impact (such as a drop or tumble). You can determine whether you have experienced this or any other event. Information about the device may be of interest to authorized parties 1599. Upon processing the collected information, the processing unit 1510 obtains information regarding the undesirable event and and / or information regarding the state of the system 1550, tracking, recording, and / or For example, information about unexpected equipment operation can be sent to the , an institution 1566 that provides / offers a warranty regarding the system 1550 via a communication network 1544; (e.g. to the original manufacturer).

[0357] Authorized Party 1599 is an insurance provider (e.g., a party that insured an eye examination system). any part of the services provided by any institution and / or device of the system the party that has guaranteed the portion, and / or any person or entity that owns or operates the System Any person or entity authorized to receive information regarding the ophthalmic examination system 1550, such as a medical institution, It may be a checkpoint.

[0358] For example, in some embodiments, the authorized party 1599 may be included in the eye examination system 1550. The original equipment manufacturer warrants at least a portion of the parts and / or services provided. Additionally or alternatively, the authorized party 1599 may A person in a remote location who is responsible for maintenance, and an insurance company that provides insurance for the eye examination system 1550 At least one of the companies may be

[0359] The processing unit, in response to receiving information from the sensor(s) 1541, A processor may be configured to execute instructions to perform a task. The sensor may have pre-established rules corresponding to different magnitudes of sensor measurements, and these rules may be , may govern the performance of notice to users or institutions 1599.

[0360] For example, the processing unit 1510 may detect any undesirable A life cycle analysis system configured to quantify the severity of a critical event (e.g., a sudden acceleration or deceleration event) In some embodiments, the processing unit 1510 can be configured to execute instructions. The processing device may be configured to quantify the severity of the undesirable event. 1510 classifies or quantifies sudden acceleration or deceleration events into mild, moderate, and severe For example, the processing unit may be configured to process data received from one or more sensors. The system compares the data and combines it with predefined thresholds to classify sudden acceleration or deceleration events as mild, moderate, or moderate. The information may be configured to classify the degree and severity of the condition.

[0361] The processing unit 1510 may further receive information that may be of interest to an authorized party 1599 (e.g., a sensor, 1541) to generate a notification 1551 in response to receiving the notification from the Notification 1551 may be configured to send a notification to an authorized party 1599. It can be sent to authorized parties using any known and available scheme. For example, the system 1550 may be configured to transmit a notification 1551 over the communication network 1544. The communication network 1544 may be any of the networks known and available in the art. In addition, the system 1550 and the processing unit 1510 may include: Any means known and available in the art (e.g., communication links, communication protocols, etc.) ) to communicate with authorized parties 1599. The system 1550 may Includes any communications means necessary to communicate with authorized parties via the network 1544 It is possible.

[0362] In some embodiments, the authorized party 1599 may The notification 1551 may be a designated device configured to receive the notification 1551 generated. The specified device may be any suitable device known in the art. For example, the designated device may be a mobile device, a desktop computer, or an earphone. , or smart glasses with pop-up message windows.

[0363] A third party / designated device 1566 receives notifications generated by the eye examination system 1550. and configuring the ophthalmic examination system 1550 to issue a response signal 1552 in response to the ophthalmic examination system 1550 receiving the response signal 1552. The response signal 1552 may be executed by the processor 1510 to perform one or more tasks. For example, one or more instructions may be executable by a processor. When the eye examination device 1550 is disabled, the eye examination device 1550 may be disabled and the subject 1598 may be informed (e.g., via the display device 1517) of the presence of the eye examination device 1550. providing a visual warning signal to the subject 1598 (e.g., through a speaker 1567); providing an audible warning signal via may include.

[0364] Additionally or alternatively, the ophthalmic examination system 1650 may be configured to In response to detecting an unwanted event (e.g., a sudden acceleration or deceleration of the ophthalmic examination system), an alarm may be generated. In some embodiments, the ophthalmic examination system can be configured to generate a signal. The warning signal generated by the system 1550 is output through at least one speaker 1567. As previously described, the processing unit 1510 may be configured to receive input / output ( and coupling to at least one speaker 1550 via an I / O interface 1549. This allows undesirable events (e.g., sudden acceleration or deceleration of an ophthalmic examination system) to be detected. The alarm 1540 is configured to instruct the speaker 1550 to generate a warning signal if an alarm is detected. In some embodiments, the warning signal may consist of a message in natural language. do.

[0365] Additionally, in some embodiments, one or more sensors 1541 may detect movement of the subject 1598. For example, the system 1550 may be configured to track a variety of In a head-mounted implementation, the subject 1598 wearing the system 1550 may be in a home position (e.g. For example, the system 1550 may be placed on or relative to the subject's head. one or more sensors 15 configured to detect or determine whether the 41 (e.g., motion sensors, GPS sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.) The sensor(s) 1541 may be of interest to persons or institutions performing ophthalmic examinations. The sensor may be configured to detect any type or amount of motion.

[0366] Additionally, the processing unit 1510 may execute in response to detecting movement of the ophthalmic examination system 1550. Specifically, the processing unit 1510 may be configured to perform a procedure similar to that of Any type or amount of movement that may be of interest to the person or institution performing the eye examination Generate an alert signal, transmit or receive a signal, and / or issue an instruction in response to detecting the By way of example, in one embodiment, the processing device may be configured to receive and execute The device 1510 may be configured to alert the practitioner that a movement has occurred that may be of interest to the practitioner. In some embodiments, the processing unit 1510 may be configured to issue a signal to can cause the display device 1517 of the system 1550 to provide a visual message.

[0367] As described above, the ophthalmic examination system 1550 may provide the subject with various instructions for administering the examination. The subject instruction system may include a subject instruction system 1560 configured to issue a The system 1560 includes the electronic circuitry of the ophthalmic examination system 1550, e.g., application software. 1527, and providing one or more instructions to guide the subject, instructions and / or or in the form of an audio file (for example, in the Waveform Audio File Format) stored in main memory. The subject instruction system can be configured to be stored in the examination system 1520. Upon initialization of 50, the processing unit 1510 may use the subject instruction system 1560 to instruct the subject. It can be configured to transfer audio files for playback from main memory and execute them. The subject instruction system 1560 can receive, via the I / O interface 1549, the ophthalmic examination and measurement 15. Communicating with one or more speakers 1567 of the system 1550 and informing the speakers 1567 of the subject The playback of the associated audio file can be instructed.

[0368] In some embodiments, the subject indication system 1560 may be configured to determine whether the subject is eligible for an eye exam or measurement. For example, the subject instruction system 1560 may be employed to automatically guide the subject. The system guides subjects through the necessary steps to perform an ophthalmic examination, such as a dark adaptation test. This can be done.

[0369] The subject instruction system 1560 may be responsive to any suitable trigger known in the art. For example, the subject instruction system 1560 may be configured to initialize the system. A button (e.g., on display device 1517) is activated in response to system 1550 being turned on. In response to the subject's skin contact with the frame of the device (touch sensor), and / or that the subject was fitted with a head-mounted headset. When initiated, the subject instruction system The system 1560 may provide the subject with instructions on how the test will be performed and / or may provide instructions for the eye exam. The subject may be guided through the procedures necessary to complete the screening and / or study. The subject instruction system 1560 is attached to a headset mounted on the head, Instruct subjects to do so during the ophthalmic examination and / or study (e.g., while performing dark adaptation measurements). It can be configured.

[0370] The subject instruction system 1560 further includes a processor 1510 for performing a verbal instruction with the subject 1598. By establishing communication, the subject 1598 may be configured to guide the subject through an ophthalmic examination. Verbal communication with subjects can be conducted using natural language. Additionally or alternatively, verbal communication with subject 1598 may be conducted prior to the ophthalmic examination. one or more pre-recorded messages configured to be delivered to the subject 1598 during and after the Pre-recorded messages can be stored in the database 1530. and may be accessed by the processing unit 1510 at various times during the eye examination. The device 1510 may use an audio speaker 1567 to communicate verbally with the subject 1598. This can be done.

[0371] Verbal communication will include one or more commands delivered to Subject 1598. For example, verbal communication can instruct subjects to focus on a particular fixation point. and instructing subjects to keep their eyes open and asking them to blink at specific times during the test. Includes commands to guide the subject through the test, such as by telling them what to do / not to do. Additionally or alternatively, the one or more commands may include a command for communicating with the system 1550 and the subject. A communication exchange between subjects (e.g., providing a linguistic command to a subject and receiving a natural language response from the subject) To accomplish the communication exchange, the system 1650 may include Receive communication messages from the subject 1598 using a voice input (e.g., speaker 1566). The communication message may be issued by the subject 1598 in natural language.

[0372] For example, one or more commands may include information about the subject's record (such as the subject's address, telephone number, Exchanges of communications requesting medical information (such as insurance, prescriptions, preferred pharmacy, etc.), advertising recommended treatments or tests , education on disease-related lifestyle changes and slowing disease progression. In some embodiments, one or more commands may be configured to Provide subjects with information, such as a referral to a doctor or physician (e.g., ophthalmologist, retina specialist, etc.) It is possible.

[0373] Additionally, one or more commands may be provided to guide the subject 1598 through the ophthalmic examination. For example, verbal communication may include commands to: 1) inform subject 1; 598, 2) a command to provide the address or location of the examination room where the ophthalmic examination will be performed, 3 ) information about the eye examination, and 4) the expected wait time for the eye examination to be performed; It may include at least one of the following:

[0374] The processing unit 1510 monitors responses received from the subject 1598 via the interface 1555. In some embodiments, the processing unit 1510 can be configured to and storing the responses received from the subjects 1598 for the The processing unit 1510 may be configured to compare the response to a baseline response stored in the processing unit 1510. , and further comprising: at least one of the ophthalmic examination systems based on the response received from the subject 1598; For example, the processing unit 1510 may be configured to adjust the function of the stimulus light. Monitor the subject's response and determine whether the length of the test should be shortened or extended based on the subject's response. Alternatively or additionally, the processing device may be configured to determine whether the subject 1598. Based on the response received from 1598, the ophthalmic examination system 1550 may be configured to change various configurations. For example, the processing device may be configured to determine the positions of components of the optical system and the position of the optical system. At least one of the orientations of the components may be changed. The positioning determines: 1) the location of the optical system components, 2) the orientation of the optical system components, and 3) the location of the ophthalmic examination. At least one of the lengths can be adjusted. Upon receiving a response from the subject 1598, the device may also provide additional instructions to the subject 1598. do.

[0375] As previously described, the system 1550 is configured to receive verbal responses from the test subject 1598. The test subject 1598 may include a voice input unit such as a microphone 1566. The head responses are provided to the system 1550 in the form of natural language and processed by the processing unit 1510. The processing unit 1510 processes the verbal responses of the test subject 1598 and adds them to the test subject 1598. Additional commands can be provided: 1) natural language commands; 2) pre-recorded voice commands; 3) computer-generated voice commands; 4) ) visual commands, and 5) minimal physical commands or prompts (e.g., vibration). may contain at least one

[0376] The system 1550 may generate one or more of the active ontologies associated with the user's response. and provide assistance to the subject based on the active ontology. By determining at least one task for By providing assistance to the subject, the subject is able to process the instructions he or she receives. Generally, the linguistic characteristics of a user may be determined using any suitable technique available in the art. An active ontology related to the response can be extracted.

[0377] In some embodiments, the verbal response of the subject 1598 includes one or more requests for assistance. The one or more requests may be issued in natural language by the test subject 1598. In response to receiving the verbal request for assistance, the processor 1510 may Extract one or more active elements from the active ontology associated with the request, and and generating at least one task for providing assistance to subject 1598 based on the active ontology. Provide assistance to subject 1598 by determining the risk and performing at least one test. Non-limiting examples of assistance tasks include rest or pauses during an examination. providing suspension, clarifying how to put on and take off a given eye examination system, clarifying or repeating examination instructions; Additional information regarding the return, examination procedure, equipment, anatomy, and / or physiology relevant to the examination This may include information or education.

[0378] As previously described, the subject instruction system 1560 directs the test subject 15 through the test and testing environment. For example, upon arrival at the testing location 1547, the subject 1598, a device 1537 configured to track and / or report the subject's precise location; The device 1537 is a mobile device associated with the subject 1598. The device 1537 may be configured to communicate the position of the subject 1598 within the testing environment 1547 to the processing unit 1510. In other words, the processing device 1510 may be associated with the subject 1598. 1537 (via a communications link or network 1544) to determine the subject's and configured to guide the subject 1598 from the testing location 1547 to the testing room 1557. Although shown as a processor 1510 of the ophthalmic examination system 600, the processor may Any processing device within the scanning location 1547, such as a device implemented in or coupled to the position determining device 1537 It should be noted that the processing device may be a processor that is implemented as described herein. The format is not limited to use in ophthalmic examination systems. Generally, the subject is examined from the examination site. The systems, methods, and apparatus disclosed herein for navigation to an examination room may be used for any examination or The testing facility (whether medical or non-medical in nature) or the client is directed to wait The person must be shown and / or directed to the location where he / she intends to receive the service. Further, any part of the system disclosed herein may be used in any facility. For example, a system to determine the health of a system can be implemented on a chip. The system will be implemented on the chip to track health conditions that authorized parties may be interested in tracking. It can be installed on any device that has

[0379] Returning to FIG. 15, the processing unit 1510 further includes a testing location information 1554 for guiding the subject to the testing room 1557. The processing unit 1547 may be configured to communicate with multiple speakers 1557 distributed throughout the processing unit 1547. The processing device 1510 determines whether the subject positioning device 1537 is located in close proximity to the speaker 657. Each speaker 1557 can be activated based on the The device 1510 displays a map to the subject and visually guides the subject to the examination room 1557. The user locator 1537 may be configured to communicate with a program executing on the user locator 1537. In some embodiments, the position determining devices 1537 are distributed throughout a clinic or office. In some embodiments, the RFID tag may be coupled to an RFID reader. In this case, the location device will be connected to an office or clinic-based WiFi or Bluetooth network. The device may be equipped with a smartphone that interfaces with the device.

[0380] The processing unit 1510 transmits one or more commands consisting of pre-recorded messages to the subject 15. One or more commands may be issued to the subject before, during, and after the eye examination. The processing device 1510 may be configured to deliver a request for assistance from the subject 1598 to the subject. The one or more requests may include: 1) a question about the test; and 2) may include at least one complaint about the inspection.

[0381] The processing device further comprises: 1) The device may be configured to execute instructions to provide assistance to a patient in performing an ophthalmic examination. 2) to guide the examiner 1598; 3) to inform the practitioner supervising the ophthalmic examination; 4) adjusting at least one function of the ophthalmic measuring and testing device; The method also includes providing assistance to the subject by performing at least one of the following: It can be configured to execute the instructions provided.

[0382] FIG. 16 provides the subject with instructions for performing and / or completing the ophthalmic examination and / or study. FIG. 15 is a high-level flow diagram of a procedure that may be used by the subject instruction system 1560 to provide As shown in FIG. 16, the procedure includes device preparation 1610, subject preparation 1620, alignment 1630, This may include a demonstration 1640, an eye examination 1650, and an examination completion 1660.

[0383] In device preparation 1610, the subject is prepared for the ophthalmic examination and the examination parameters are set. The subject will be informed by a technician, physician, or practitioner and / or to perform the test. The system can be prepared by an automated system that automatically sets the parameters of the During subject preparation 720, the subject may be tuned to the ophthalmic examination system (e.g., the head mount of the system). The subjects were provided with an introduction to the wearable implementation of the system and were informed of how the system works and / or Guidance may be provided as to the steps that must be followed to complete an eye exam. Subjects will receive instructions from live technicians, physicians, practitioners, and / or staff to guide them through the test. Introductory comments can be received from automated systems configured to may be invited to watch a video and / or participate in a mock test or sample test. The eye examination system can be introduced by guiding the user through a lens test. In embodiments utilizing an automated system, the subject may control the automated system via voice commands. This voice command can give the subject the option to communicate with the system. As described with reference to FIG. 4A, the subject preparation stage In the method, a clinician uses an interface 460 to set up and administer a test. Once a test is set up, the clinician can The interface 460 may be provided to the subject for use.

[0384] In the alignment 1630 step, the eye examination system automatically aligns the subject's pupil to the image plane. The pupils of the subject can be manually adjusted (e.g., by including a crosshair in the image plane). e.g., by a technician) and / or automatically detect the subject's pupils and adjust accordingly. An automated system for adjusting the image plane can be used to align the image plane. As shown in FIG. 15, in some embodiments, the ophthalmic examination system 1550 may include a For example, a technician may align the subject's pupils with crosshairs or other features contained in the image plane. The provider interface 1511 may include a provider interface 1511 configured to enable For example, the provider interface may display an image of the subject's pupils and may also display the image average. Displays an image of the plane and asks the clinician to align the pupil with the image plane (e.g., a crosshair on the image plane) The display device 1511d can be configured to display the information of the provider interface 1511. The adjustment on the first screen 1511d is performed by the processing device 1510 adjusting the optical elements of the optical system 1502 (see, for example, FIG. 6). The subject's pupil is then illuminated by moving a platform carrying a light source (as described in Movement can be caused to bring the hole into alignment with the image plane.

[0385] During demonstration 1640, the eye examination system automatically educates the subject on the examination procedure throughout the demonstration test. During the eye examination 1650, the eye examination system may collect data and / or images. To achieve this, subjects can be automatically taken to a real eye examination. The subject is removed from the device and / or the head-mounted device is removed from the subject. The patient is then asked to complete the test by recording the results in the patient's record. As mentioned above, at this point in the testing process, the processing unit 1510 may configure the interface 460 to You can switch back to medical mode.

[0386] Returning to FIG. 15, the system 1550 may allow a provider to provide multiple eye exams, each offering a different eye exam. a provider interface 15 that allows the user to select from among a number of head-mounted devices; 11 and / or a command screen 1550. As described with reference to 4A-1. As described with reference to 4A and 4A-1, an ophthalmic examination system 1550 includes one or more menus for use in initializing and / or conducting an eye examination. The menus and icons can be configured to provide the clinician with The application may control the functionality of the system 1550 via a provider interface 1511 and / or The information may be presented to the donor and / or subject via a command center 1566 configured to The provider interface 1511 and / or the command center 1566 can perform various inspections. A database 15 storing information about the device providing the test and the test(s) provided 30 (e.g., cloud-based subject databases), electronic health records, or clinical management systems It can be configured to store or access.

[0387] The display device 1511d / 1566d of the interface 1511 / command center 1566 is Cons a,b,c / a',b',c' can be presented to the user, and each of these icons is , the system 1550, 1550', 1 in communication with the command center 1566 / interface 1511 550'' (e.g., one of several head-mounted devices). In s...

Claims

1. A head-mounted device for measuring dark adaptation in at least one eye of a subject, 、 A frame that can be attached to the head, at least one light source configured to be attached to the frame and to generate a bleaching light and a stimulating light; Another inspection light source, The bleaching light and the stimulating light from the at least one testing light source are projected onto at least one of the subjects. an optical system mounted on said frame for directing said optical system to one eye at a time; A head-mountable device comprising:

2. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the at least one inspection light source and and a movable platform on which the optical system is mounted.

3. 3. The head-mounted device of claim 2, wherein the movable platform is At least one test light source is provided for aligning the at least one test light source with respect to a pupil of the subject's eye. A head-mounted device that is movable along at least two perpendicular directions.

4. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the platform is A head-mounted device that assumes a fixed position relative to the head.

5. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, further comprising: At least one of the at least one inspection light sources is directed to the at least one inspection light source. The head-mountable device further comprises a fixation light source.

6. 6. The head-mounted device of claim 5, wherein the at least one fixation light source and and the relative position of the at least one inspection light source is determined by the at least one inspection light source. The light emitted by the at least one fixed light source is reflected by the subject's A head-mounted device that is set to make an angle with the pupil ranging from approximately 1° to 18°.

7. 6. The head-mounted device of claim 5, wherein the at least one fixation light source is and configured to be movable to enable the subject to focus the fixation light when looking. A head-mounted device that is

8. 8. The head-mounted device of claim 7, wherein the at least one fixation light source is a fixation light source that is movable along a direction substantially along a propagation direction of light emitted by the fixation light source; A head-mounted device that can

9. 9. The head-mountable device of claim 8, wherein the head-mountable device is attached to the frame and includes a head-mounted housing. a light source coupled to at least one fixation light source and adapted to move the fixation light source relative to the subject's eye; The head-wearable device further comprising a mechanism configured to:

10. 10. The head-mountable device according to claim 9, wherein the mechanism is and moving the fixation light source along a direction substantially along a propagation direction of light emitted by the fixation light source. A head-wearable device comprising:

11. 10. The head-mounted device of claim 9, wherein the at least one fixation light source is The mechanism for moving the actuator may include a knob adapted to be rotated by a user, and a mechanism for rotating the knob. a cam mechanically coupled to the knob to convert the motion of the cam into a linear translation of the fixation light source; A head-mounted device having a stem.

12. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the optical system comprises: one or more lenses configured to collimate light emitted by the inspection light source of A head-mountable device comprising:

13. 13. The head-mounted device of claim 12, wherein the optical system corrects for spherical aberration.

1. A head-wearable device comprising at least one aspheric lens adapted to be worn over a head.

14. 2. The head-mountable device according to claim 1, wherein the inspection light source and the optical system are sealed. A head-wearable device contained within a sealed package.

15. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the at least one inspection light source is an automatic positioning device coupled to the frame for automatic alignment to the pupil of the subject's eye; The head-wearable device further comprises an alignment mechanism.

16. 16. The head-mountable device of claim 15, wherein the automatic alignment mechanism comprises: an infrared light source mounted on the frame to irradiate at least one eye; Detecting at least a portion of the infrared light returning from the at least one eye in response to the infrared light illumination. a head-mountable device having an infrared detector mounted within the frame to emit infrared light. Place.

17. 17. The head-mountable device of claim 16, A detector mounted on the frame and in communication with the infrared detector and the movable platform. It also has a feedback system that can be trusted. The feedback system is adapted to receive one or more signals generated by the infrared detector. detecting a pupil of the at least one eye based on the detected pupil and moving the platform. and positioning the light emitted by the at least one examination light source and the pupil of the subject. To align, A device that can be worn on the head.

18. 18. The head-mounted device of claim 17, wherein the infrared detector comprises an infrared camera. A head-mounted device.

19. 20. The head-mounted device of claim 18, wherein the infrared camera is adapted to capture an image of the subject. and generating an image of the subject's pupil based on the infrared light returning from the at least one eye. A head-mountable device configured as follows:

20. 20. The head-mounted device of claim 19, wherein the feedback system comprises: The at least one pixel is based on the shape of the subject's pupil in the image produced by the infrared camera. a head-mounted device for aligning the inspection light emitted by at least one inspection light source; A capable device.

21. 21. The head-mounted device of claim 20, wherein the optical system comprises: The light from the two test light sources is reflected to the subject's eye, and further reflected from the subject's eye. a dichroic mirror adapted to allow the infrared light returning from the dichroic mirror to pass through the infrared detector. A head-mounted device comprising:

22. 10. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the device is mounted on the subject. and optionally coupling the subject to the frame to block at least one eye from ambient light. The head-wearable device further comprises an optical seal configured to:

23. 23. The head wearable device of claim 22, wherein the light seal is adapted to protect the head wearable device from ambient light. A head-wearable device configured to occlude both of a subject's eyes.

24. 24. The head wearable device of claim 23, wherein the light seals are independent of each other. A head-wearable device configured to shield the subject's eyes from ambient light.

25. 25. The head-mounted device of claim 24, wherein the light seal is attached to the subject's head. A head-wearable device that is substantially conformable to at least a portion of the headrest.

26. 25. A head-mountable device according to claim 24, further comprising a front end mounted to the frame. a light seal for adjusting the light seal around the at least one eye of the subject; a head-mountable device further comprising a latch coupled to the head-mountable device.

27. 27. The head wearable device of claim 26, further comprising a mechanism for mechanically connecting the latch to the light seal. a first strap for connecting the first and second straps to each other; The latch adjusts the light seal around the at least one eye of the subject. may be used to adjust either the length or tension in the strap for A device that can be worn on the head.

28. 28. A head-mounted device according to claim 27, further comprising: a second strap coupled to the frame for adjusting the attachment of the frame to the second strap. , a device that can be worn on the head.

29. 29. The head wearable device of claim 28, wherein the first strap and the second strap The first strap and the second strap can be easily released by coupling with either of the first and second straps. The head-wearable device also includes a quick release button that allows the head-wearable device to be worn on the head.

30. 24. The head-mountable device of claim 23, wherein the light seal comprises a polymeric material. A head-mounted device.

31. 31. The head wearable device of claim 30, wherein the polymeric material is silicone. Polyurethane, neoprene, polyolefin, nitrile rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate Any of polyvinyl alcohol (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polylactic acid (PLA) A head-mountable device having:

32. 23. The head-mountable device of claim 22, wherein the optical seal comprises a plurality of fibers. A head-mounted device having:

33. 33. The head wearable device of claim 32, wherein the plurality of fibers are cellulose A head-mounted device containing a fiber.

34. 23. The head wearable device of claim 22, wherein the light seal comprises a foam material. , a device that can be worn on the head.

35. 35. The head-mountable device of claim 34, wherein the foam material is alginate foam. and a head-wearable device having any one of the following foams: starch-based foams.

36. 23. The head-mountable device of claim 22, further comprising an RFI coupled to the light seal. The head-wearable device further comprises a D-tag.

37. 23. The head-mountable device of claim 22, The optical seal, when worn by the subject, is adapted to contact the at least one a fitting having at least one opening adapted to be substantially aligned with one eye; a body portion that can be The main body is connected to a frame of the head-mountable device, and is configured to be mounted on the head. The optical seal is coupled to a device that can be used to measure the intensity of light emitted from the at least one subject when worn. configured to shield the eye of the subject from ambient light; A device that can be worn on the head.

38. 38. The head-mounted device of claim 37, further comprising: a light seal disposed on the subject's head. to be removably and replaceably coupled to at least a portion of the The head-wearable device further comprises an attachment portion to which the head-wearable device is attached.

39. 39. The head wearable device of claim 38, wherein the attachment portion comprises a strap. , a device that can be worn on the head.

40. 39. The head wearable device of claim 38, wherein the mounting portion is adapted to support the adaptable book. A head-mountable device comprising at least one arm coupled to a body.

41. 38. A head-wearable device as claimed in claim 37, wherein the optical seal is adapted to be activated by the subject. The adaptable book of the light seal is adapted to contact the skin of the subject when worn by the subject. a head-mounted head-mounted device further comprising a sanitary liner configured to couple with a surface of the body; Device.

42. 42. The head wearable device of claim 41, wherein the sanitary liner is a single use liner. A disposable item that can be worn on the head.

43. 43. The head wearable device of claim 42, wherein the sanitary liner comprises an RFID tag. A head-mountable device having:

44. 23. The head-mounted device of claim 22, further comprising: and one or more optical sensors coupled onto the frame for detecting the head position. Wearable device.

45. 45. The head wearable device of claim 44, wherein the one or more optical sensors include: a head positioned to detect light leakage in the vicinity of at least one eye of the subject; A device that can be attached to a

46. 45. The head wearable device of claim 44, wherein the one or more optical sensors each at least one of said at least two sensors positioned to detect light leakage around one eye of said subject; A head-mounted device having two optical sensors.

47. 45. A head-mountable device according to claim 44, mounted on the frame. and configuring the one or more sensors to generate an alert when the detected light leakage is greater than a threshold value. The head-wearable device further comprising a warning module in communication with the optical sensor above.

48. 48. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 47, wherein the warning module is peripherally A head-wearable device that identifies the eye in which light leakage is detected.

49. 48. The head wearable device of claim 47, wherein the warning module is A head-wearable device configured to generate an audio warning in response to detecting a leak.

50. 48. The head wearable device of claim 47, wherein the warning module comprises a dark adaptation test. a head-mounted device configured to notify an individual conducting a test of completion of said test. Place.

51. 48. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 47, wherein the warning module is a head-mounted device configured to generate a warning signal in response to a failure of at least one of the test light sources; Wearable device.

52. 48. The head wearable device of claim 47, wherein the warning module comprises a dark adaptation measurement. a head-mounted device configured to generate an alert signal in response to the subject's performance during a test. A capable device.

53. 48. A head-mounted device according to claim 47, adapted to detect unintended movements of the subject. and at least one sensor coupled to the frame for generating a signal in response to the output of the sensor. A head-mounted device that can be used to

54. 54. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 53, wherein the sensor is connected to the warning module. a head-wearable device that communicates with the headset to send said signals.

55. 55. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 54, wherein the warning module is A head-wearable device configured to generate an alert in response to a head-mounted signal.

56. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the stimulating light is A head-wearable device having a spectrum effective to stimulate the rod photoreceptors in the eye.

57. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the stimulating light has a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 5 A head-wearable device having one or more wavelengths in the 70 nm range.

58. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the light source generating the stimulating light is about 1 a head configured to generate light stimuli having a duration in a range of 00 ms to about 400 ms; A device that can be attached to a

59. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the stimulating light is approximately 4×10 －５ CD / m ２ ~Approx. 5cd / m ２ A head-mounted device having a strength in the range of

60. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the bleaching light has a wavelength of about 490 nm to about 5 A head-mounted device with wavelengths in the 10 nm range.

61. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the bleaching light has a wavelength of about 600 nm to about 700 nm. A head-wearable device having one or more wavelengths in the range of 100 nm.

62. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the bleaching light is essentially about 490 nm. a head-mounted optical fiber having a wavelength spectrum consisting of wavelengths ranging from about 500 nm to about 510 nm; Device.

63. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the bleaching light is essentially about 600 nm. a head-mounted optical fiber having a wavelength spectrum consisting of wavelengths ranging from about 700 nm to about 700 nm; Device.

64. 2. The head-mountable device according to claim 1, wherein the inspection light source is configured to have a time of about 0.5 ms to about 1 ms. a head-mounted device configured to generate bleaching light pulses having a duration in the range of about 400 ms; Wearable device.

65. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the bleaching light has a scotopic brightness of approximately 1.5 logarithmic. It has an intensity ranging from 1000 log scotopic troplands / sec to approximately 8 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec. A head-mounted device.

66. 2. The head-mounted device of claim 1, wherein the bleaching light has a scotopic retinal illumination of about 3 log. A head-mounted device having an intensity ranging from about 7 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec to about 7 log scotopic retinal illuminance / sec.

67. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, the at least one inspection light source includes two light sources; one of the at least one inspection light source configured to generate the bleaching light; Another of the at least one test light source is configured to generate the stimulation light. 、 A device that can be worn on the head.

68. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the frame comprises at least one A head-mounted device having a main body having a chamber for housing two light sources and the optical system. Place.

69. 69. The head wearable device of claim 68, wherein the chamber comprises at least A head-mountable device having a first compartment housing an examination light source and the optical system.

70. 70. The head wearable device of claim 69, wherein the first compartment is adapted to be protected from an external environment. A sealed, head-mounted device.

71. 2. The head-mountable device according to claim 1, wherein the frame is configured to be mounted on the head. When the wearable device is worn on a subject, at least a portion of the frame is A head-mounted device adapted to be placed in front of one eye.

72. 72. The head-mountable device according to claim 71, wherein at least one of the frame body parts is a head portion, the head portion being opaque to impede the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye; A device that can be attached to a

73. 73. A head-wearable device as claimed in claim 72, wherein the opaque portion is and a lens that can be lifted to allow the passage of ambient light to said at least one eye of a person. The opaque portion is hinged to the other portion of the frame, and is wearable on the head. A device.

74. 72. A head-mountable device according to claim 71, wherein the head-mountable device is and adapted to be disposed substantially in front of said at least one eye of said subject when worn by said subject. The at least a portion of the body of the frame is configured to have an opacity adjusted in response to a signal. A head-wearable device constructed of bondable material.

75. 75. A head-mountable device according to claim 74, wherein at least one of the body portions of the frame Some of them have liquid crystals and light polarizers that transition from translucent to opaque upon application of a voltage. A head-mounted device.

76. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, further comprising a slidable support coupled to the frame. It also has a screen that The screen is adapted to block the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. slidably mounted substantially in front of at least one eye; A device that can be worn on the head.

77. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, The frame is adapted to support the at least one of the subjects when the device is worn by the subject. an opening configured to be located substantially anterior to at least one eye; A light source is connected to the opening to block or allow the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. The head-wearable device further comprises a flip seal mated thereto.

78. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the frame is attached to the subject's head. a first strap fixedly coupled to the frame; A capable device.

79. 79. A head wearable device according to claim 78, wherein the strap is made of an elastic or non-elastic material. A head-wearable device comprising at least one of: an elastic material;

80. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, further comprising a control mounted on the frame. The head-wearable device further comprises a control device.

81. 81. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 80, wherein the control device comprises: A head-mountable device configured to control the operation of one test light source.

82. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the subject is To enable feedback depending on the exposure of the light emitted by the inspection light source. The head-wearable device further comprises a subject response interface configured as follows:

83. 83. A head-mountable device as claimed in claim 82, mounted on the frame. and configured to communicate with the subject response interface to analyze the feedback. The head-mountable device further comprises an analysis device configured to:

84. 84. A head-mounted device according to claim 83, wherein the analysis device is in front of the subject. and analyzing the feedback to assess dark adaptation of the at least one eye of the subject.

4. A head-wearable device configured to:

85. 84. A head-mountable device as claimed in claim 83, comprising: The analytical device includes a processor and at least one memory module in communication with the processor. Equipped with The at least one memory module is adapted to analyze the subject's response to the stimulus light. Stores the instructions to A device that can be worn on the head.

86. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, wherein the head-mountable device is adapted to be mounted on a subject during performance of the dark adaptation measurement. an automatic adaptive subject instruction system mounted on said frame for providing instructions; A device that can be worn on the head.

87. 87. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 86, wherein at least one of the at least one eyes The head wearable device further comprises a system for monitoring at least one attribute.

88. 88. The head-mounted device of claim 87, wherein the monitoring system comprises: The automated subject instruction system is configured to provide one or more instructions to the subject in response to monitoring of attributes. A head-mounted device that communicates with the system.

89. 89. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 88, for providing audio communication to the subject. a sound module coupled to the frame for receiving the sound from the head-mounted device.

90. 90. The head-mounted device of claim 89, wherein the audio module is receiving a subject indication signal from the system and making said signal audible to said subject; a head-mountable device in communication with the subject instruction system to convert the

91. 91. A head-wearable device as claimed in claim 90, wherein the audio module is adapted to receive the a head-mounted device that converts a subject's instruction signal into one or more verbal commands for delivery to the subject; A device.

92. 92. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 91, wherein the verbal command is a head-wearable device that generates a response based on the subject's performance during a test.

93. 93. The head wearable device of claim 92, wherein the audio module is configured to generate the warning signal. One or more warning signals generated by the module may be audible to the subject. A head-mounted device that converts signals into

94. 10. The head-mounted device of claim 1, further comprising: a controller coupled to the frame for controlling a head-mounted device.

95. 95. A head-mountable device as claimed in claim 94, further comprising: a head-mountable device coupled to the frame and configured to control the head-mounted device; a head-wearable device further comprising a display device controlled by the control device.

96. 96. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 95, wherein the control device is on the display device. displaying at least one of information, selection options, and instruction options to the user; A device that can be attached to a part.

97. 97. A head wearable device according to claim 96, wherein the information is: A head-mounted device that includes a condition.

98. 97. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 96, wherein the information comprises data on a test of a subject. Head-mounted device.

99. 97. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 96, wherein the selection options are selected by a user. selects the right eye, the left eye, or both eyes of the subject to perform the dark adaptation test on the subject. A head-mounted device that allows the user to select

100. 97. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 96, wherein the selection option comprises: A head-wearable device that allows the user to select a procedure for performing a response measurement.

101. 97. A head wearable device as claimed in claim 96, wherein the selection options are and selecting a communication protocol for establishing communication between the wearable device and other devices. A head-mounted device that makes this possible.

102. 97. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 96, wherein the display device is adapted for a user to Software-controlled buttons that allow input data to be entered into a head-mounted device A head-mounted device that also displays the

103. 2. The head-mountable device of claim 1, further comprising a communication module coupled to the frame. a head-mountable device further comprising a head-mountable module.

104. 104. The head-mounted device of claim 103, wherein the communications module is an instruction center. A head-wearable device configured to communicate with a head-mounted computer.

105. 105. The head-mounted device of claim 104, wherein the communication module is a wireless A head-mounted device that communicates with said command center via a protocol.

106. 106. The head-mounted device of claim 105, wherein the communications module is a head-wearable device configured to communicate with the set.

107. 107. The head-mounted device of claim 106, wherein the communication module is a wireless connection. a head-wearable device configured to communicate with the headset via a headset connection.

108. 108. The head-mounted device of claim 107, wherein the communication module is a wireless a head-wearable device configured to communicate with the headset via a protocol. 。

109. 109. The head-mounted device of claim 108, wherein the communications module is an electronic health A head-wearable device configured to communicate with an electronic head-health record (EHR) system.

110. 110. The head-mounted device of claim 109, wherein the communications module is and a database providing shared access to said EHR system. a head-wearable device configured to communicate with

111. 110. The head wearable device of claim 109, wherein the communication module is A head-worn device that utilizes encryption.

112. 104. The head-mounted device of claim 103, wherein the communication module is configured to transmit a notification signal to the command center indicative of performance of the accommodation measurement. A device that can be attached to a part.

113. 113. The head-mounted device of claim 112, wherein the communication module is A head-mounted device that transmits a sensory signal to a mobile device of a medical professional.

114. 1. An apparatus for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic examination to a subject, comprising: an ophthalmic diagnostic system for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic examination to at least one eye of the subject; an automated subject communicating with the subject to guide the subject through the diagnostic test; Examiner instruction system, An apparatus comprising:

115. 115. The apparatus of claim 114, wherein the subject instruction system is adapted to: having pre-recorded messages provided to the subject before, during, and / or after the performance; Device.

116. 115. The apparatus of claim 114, wherein the subject instruction system is a system for communicating between the subject and a medical professional.

16. An apparatus configured to enable communication between a user and a customer.

117. 115. An apparatus according to claim 114, further comprising: The apparatus further comprises a measurement system.

118. 118. The apparatus of claim 117, wherein the measurement system is adapted for use with the ophthalmic diagnostic system. configured for use by the subject in response to one or more stimuli provided by An apparatus comprising a subject response device.

119. 119. The apparatus of claim 118, wherein the subject instruction system is adapted to: A device in communication with the subject response device to receive data regarding a response to a stimulus.

120. 120. The apparatus of claim 119, wherein the subject instruction system is adapted to: and configured to provide verbal instructions to the subject in response to data regarding the response to the stimulus. Place.

121. 115. The apparatus of claim 114, The ophthalmological diagnostic test includes visual field for glaucoma, frequency for glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Doubling technique (FDT), electroretinogram (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), contrast sensitivity, color vision, Visual acuity, high brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / low contrast visual acuity, high luminance and low contrast visual acuity, optotype, venile visual acuity, reading speed (high luminance Low luminance), glare test (cataract), motion perception, metamorphopsia (late AMD), Shape and texture discrimination of early stage AMD. Mesopic and scotopic visual fields, photostress, microf Folimetry (fundus guided folimetry), tonometer, steriopsis, coneohisto sys, fundus retinal imaging, retinal densitometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein blood Angiography, OCT Angiography (OCTA), Multispectral Imaging, Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy, Anterior segment OCT, Deep field OCT, Retinal metabolic imaging, Ocular blood flow imaging, Adaptive optics , autofluorescence, non-mydriatic fundus camera, optic nerve imaging, ultrasound, anterior segment photography, slit la A device that is either a pump, a pachymeter, or an interior segment.

122. 115. An apparatus as claimed in claim 114, further comprising: a frame for providing audio communication to the subject; The apparatus further comprises an audio module coupled to the audio module.

123. 123. The apparatus of claim 122, wherein the audio module receives receiving a subject instruction signal and converting said signal into an audible signal for providing to said subject; and in communication with the subject instruction system to

124. 124. The apparatus of claim 123, wherein the audio module compiles the subject instruction signal as: and converting the verbal instructions into one or more verbal commands for delivery to the subject.

125. 125. The apparatus of claim 124, wherein the verbal instructions are Generated based on performance,equipment.

126. 115. The device of claim 114, wherein the device is head-mountable.

127. 127. The apparatus of claim 126, wherein the head-mountable device is adapted to mount the device to the subject. The apparatus comprises a head-mountable frame that is attached to the subject's head.

128. 128. The apparatus of claim 127, wherein at least a portion of the automated subject instruction system comprises: A device that is assembled to the frame.

129. 115. The apparatus of claim 114, The automated subject instruction system includes a processing unit, at least one random memory module, a RAM, a permanent memory module, and a processor, a processor, a RAM, and a permanent memory module; The apparatus includes a communication bus that provides communication between the device and a remote module.

130. 130. The apparatus of claim 129, further comprising a subject's name stored in said permanent memory module. The apparatus further comprises a plurality of pre-recorded audio files containing the instructions.

131. 131. An apparatus as claimed in claim 130, comprising: a controller coupled to the frame for controlling the first and second actuators.

132. 132. The apparatus of claim 131, wherein the apparatus is coupled to the frame and is controlled by the controller. The apparatus further comprises a display device to be controlled.

133. 133. The apparatus of claim 132, wherein the control device displays information, selection options, and the like on the display device. and a command option.

134. 134. The apparatus of claim 133, wherein the information includes data from a test of a subject. 。

135. 134. The apparatus of claim 133, wherein the selection option is provided to a user to select the ophthalmic diagnostic test. A device that allows the user to select the right eye, the left eye, or both eyes to perform the examination.

136. 134. The apparatus of claim 133, wherein the selection option comprises: performing the ophthalmic diagnostic test. The apparatus allows a user to select a procedure to be performed.

137. 137. An apparatus as claimed in claim 136, wherein the selection options are a function of the possible devices and other devices. A device that enables a user to select a communication protocol for establishing communication between the device and the network.

138. 137. The apparatus of claim 136, wherein the display device is wearable by a user on the head. and displaying software control buttons that enable input data to be entered into the device. Device.

139. 115. The apparatus of claim 114, further comprising a communications module.

140. 115. The apparatus of claim 114, wherein the communication module is in communication with a command center. The apparatus is configured so as to

141. 141. The apparatus of claim 140, wherein the communication module communicates via a wireless protocol. A device configured to communicate with the headset.

142. an optical system configured to direct at least one light beam to an eye of the subject; at least one motion sensor coupled to the optical system; a memory coupled to the processing unit; configured to be stored in the memory and executed by one or more of the processing units.

1. An ophthalmic examination system comprising one or more programs, The one or more programs may be configured to adjust the speed of the ophthalmic examination system by indicating an acceleration or deceleration of the ophthalmic examination system. receiving information regarding the movement of the ophthalmic examination system from a motion sensor; Ophthalmic examination system.

143. 143. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 142, wherein the one or more programs include a processing device for guiding the subject through the ophthalmic examination; An ophthalmic examination system including instructions for establishing verbal communication with an examiner.

144. 144. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 143, wherein said verbal communication with said subject is is an eye examination system implemented using natural language.

145. 144. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 143, wherein said verbal communication with said subject is one or more eye drops configured for delivery to the subject before, during, and after the eye examination. An eye examination system that is implemented using pre-recorded messages.

146. 144. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 143, wherein said verbal communication with said subject is The ophthalmic examination system further comprises at least one audio speaker for performing the above-mentioned steps.

147. 145. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 144, wherein the verbal communication is , the ophthalmic examination system including one or more instructions transmitted to the ophthalmic examination system.

148. 148. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 147, wherein the one or more instructions are 11. An ophthalmic examination system comprising instructions provided to guide the subject through the examination.

149. 144. An ophthalmic examination system as claimed in claim 143, comprising: The oral communication is 1) Greeting the subject; 2) an instruction providing the address or location of the laboratory where the ophthalmic examination will be performed; 3) information regarding the eye examination; and 4) the expected wait time until the eye exam is performed; At least one of: Ophthalmic examination system.

150. 144. An ophthalmic examination system as claimed in claim 143, further comprising: The ophthalmic examination system further comprises an interface configured as follows:

151. 151. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 150, wherein the response is provided by the subject in association with one or more stimuli provided to the subject by Ophthalmic examination system.

152. 151. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 150, wherein the processing device comprises: and monitoring responses received from the subject via the ophthalmic examination system. Tem.

153. 153. An ophthalmic examination system as claimed in claim 152, comprising: The processing device further stores responses received from the subject for future analysis. and 2) the responses received from the subject and a baseline response stored in the memory. configured to compare Ophthalmic examination system.

154. 153. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 152, wherein the processing device receives the image from the subject. and adjusting at least one function of the ophthalmic examination system based on the received response. An ophthalmic examination system comprising:

155. 155. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 154, wherein the interface is an ophthalmic examination system configured for use by the subject to provide

156. 155. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 154, wherein the response received from the subject includes verbal responses or responses provided via interaction with the interface. , ophthalmic examination system.

157. 155. An ophthalmic examination system as claimed in claim 154, comprising: The at least one feature may include: 1) the location of a component of the optical system; 2) the structure of the optical system; 3) the orientation of the component elements; and 3) the length of the ophthalmic examination. Ophthalmic examination system.

158. 153. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 152, wherein the processing device receives the image from the subject. and configured to provide further instructions to the subject based on the response received. Inspection system.

159. 159. An ophthalmic examination system as claimed in claim 158, further comprising: and a user interface configured for use by the ophthalmic examination. system.

160. 159. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 158, wherein the response received from the subject is a verbal response eye examination system.

161. 161. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 160, comprising: The further command may be: 1) a command in natural language; 2) a pre-recorded voice command; 3) At least one of the following: computer-generated voice commands; and 4) visual commands. Including one Ophthalmic examination system.

162. 161. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 160, further comprising: The ophthalmic examination system further comprises a biometric scanner configured to acquire the characteristic.

163. 163. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 162, wherein the at least one biometric characteristic comprises: a facial feature of the subject, an iris of the subject's eye, and a retina of the subject's eye; and at least one of a fingerprint obtained from said subject. 。

164. 159. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 158, comprising: the processing device is configured to store a profile of the subject; The profile may include the subject's name, the subject's address, any and identification information including at least one of the subject's health insurance information. 、 Ophthalmic examination system.

165. 165. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 164, wherein the profile is stored in an electronic health record system. Stem derived ophthalmic examination system.

166. 166. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 165, wherein the electronic health record system is cloud-based. An eye examination system managed on a cloud server.

167. 142. An ophthalmic examination system as recited in claim 141, further comprising: The ophthalmic examination system further comprises a biosensor for measuring the characteristic.

168. 159. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 158, wherein the processing device comprises: an ophthalmic examination system configured to identify the subject by using one or more biometric features; Stem.

169. 159. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 158, comprising: The processing device may store at least one of a medical history of the subject, a medical insurance policy relating to the subject, and receiving available pre-examination diagnostic information relating to said subject, and configured to store the information in a memory of the system; Ophthalmic examination system.

170. one or more processing devices; a memory coupled to the one or more processing units; configured to be stored in the memory and executed by the one or more processing units. One or more programs, An electronic device for ophthalmic examination comprising: The one or more programs are By using the processing device, ophthalmic examinations performed using an apparatus for eye measurement and examination can be performed. providing the subject with one or more instructions in natural language to guide the subject through the test; 、 receiving at said processing device one or more requests for assistance issued by said subject in natural language; The command to believe, Extracting one or more active elements of an active ontology associated with the one or more requirements. and which assigns at least one task to the subject based on the active ontology. An order to determine whether to provide instructions for providing assistance to the subject by performing the at least one task. 、 having Electronic devices.

171. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, The one or more instructions for directing the subject include: 1) the address or location of the laboratory where the ophthalmic examination will be performed; 2) information regarding the eye examination; and 3) the expected wait time until the eye exam is performed; At least one of: Electronic devices.

172. 172. The electronic device of claim 171, wherein the processing unit is adapted to detect a position of the subject. and communicating with a determining device to monitor the location of the subject and guide the subject to the examination room.

4. An electronic device configured to:

173. 173. The electronic device of claim 172, The processing unit communicates with a plurality of speakers to guide the subject to the examination room. It is configured to The processing unit determines a position of the subject based on the proximity of the position of each of the plurality of speakers. and configured to activate each of the plurality of speakers based on the Electronic devices.

174. 174. The electronic device of claim 173, wherein the processing unit is adapted to measure the movement of the subject. and communicating with a program running on a visually accessible device to visually connect the subject to the examination room. an electronic device configured to provide the subject with a map guiding the subject to a

175. 172. The electronic device of claim 171, wherein the location determining device comprises an RFID tag. Electronic devices.

176. 172. The electronic device of claim 171, wherein the position determining device comprises a smartphone. Electronic devices.

177. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, wherein the one or more instructions are and a pre-recorded message configured to be delivered to the subject before, during, and after the Hmm, electronic devices.

178. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, wherein at least one request for assistance comprises: At least one of 1) inquiries about the inspection, and 2) complaints about the inspection.

1. An electronic device.

179. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, The instructions include: 1) directing the subject to administer the ophthalmic examination; 2) notifying a medical professional supervising the eye examination; 3) adjusting at least one function of the ophthalmic measurement and examination device; and 4) configuring at least one component of the ophthalmic measurement and testing device; and providing assistance to the subject by performing at least one of the following: Consists of Electronic devices.

180. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, the processing device is configured to store a profile of the subject; The profile may include the subject's name, the subject's address, any and identification information including at least one of the subject's health insurance information. 、 Electronic devices.

181. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, further comprising: The electronic device further comprises a biometric scanner configured to acquire the signal.

182. 182. The electronic device of claim 181, wherein the at least one biometric characteristic is information obtained from the subject's facial features, the iris of the subject's eye, and the retina of the subject's eye; and at least one of a fingerprint obtained from the subject.

183. 182. The electronic device of claim 181, wherein the processing unit is a memory for the electronic device. storing said at least one biometric characteristic of said subject in a biometric database in said memory; 2. An electronic device comprising:

184. 182. The electronic device of claim 181, wherein the one or more programs are instructions for receiving the at least one biometric characteristic from a scanner; instructions for determining whether the at least one biometric characteristic includes a biometric characteristic that matches the at least one biometric characteristic; and instructions for identifying the subject using a matching biometric if the matching biometric characteristic is present; 2. An electronic device comprising:

185. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, wherein the first guides the subject in natural language. a voice speaker providing one or more commands and a request for assistance in natural language from the subject; and at least one of the audio microphones for receiving the one or more requests. , electronic devices.

186. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, provided by the ophthalmic measurement and testing apparatus. an interface configured to receive from the subject a response to one or more stimuli The electronic device further comprises:

187. 182. The electronic device of claim 181, wherein the one or more programs are and instructions for monitoring the subject's performance during the ophthalmic examination in response to the electronic device. 。

188. 188. The electronic device of claim 187, wherein the one or more programs are providing verbal commands to the subject responsive to the subject's performance during the ophthalmic examination in response to Electronic devices, including

189. 188. The electronic device of claim 187, wherein the one or more programs are and determining whether or not the ophthalmic measuring and testing device is suitable for performing the ophthalmic test. and further comprising instructions for adjusting at least one function of the electronic device.

190. 171. The electronic device of claim 170, wherein the one or more programs are instructions for recording a result of the ophthalmic examination in response to the stimulus performed by a human subject. device.

191. 191. The electronic device of claim 190, wherein the one or more programs are The ophthalmological examination information is stored in a cloud-based or clinical-based electronic health record or subject folder for the patient. An electronic device containing instructions for recording the results.

192. an optical system configured to direct at least one light beam to an eye of the subject; at least one motion sensor coupled to the optical system; a memory coupled to the processing unit; configured to be stored in the memory and executed by one or more of the processing units. One or more programs, An ophthalmic examination system comprising: The one or more programs suggest abrupt acceleration or deceleration of the ophthalmic examination system. receiving information regarding the motion of the ophthalmic examination system from the motion sensor; Ophthalmic examination system.

193. 193. An ophthalmic examination system according to claim 192, wherein the program comprises: generating a notification in response to receiving information regarding a rapid acceleration or deceleration of the system; An ophthalmic examination system including instructions executed by the above processor.

194. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 193, wherein the program specifies the notification. instructions executed by the one or more processing devices to transmit the , an ophthalmic examination system.

195. 202. An ophthalmic examination system according to claim 193, wherein the program comprises: said one or more processing devices for generating a warning signal in response to rapid acceleration or deceleration of the stem. The ophthalmic examination system further comprising instructions executed by:

196. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 193, further comprising one or more sensors for generating the warning signal. The ophthalmic examination system further comprises a speaker.

197. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 196, wherein the warning signal is a natural language message. An ophthalmic examination system including a

198. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 194, wherein the designated device is movable. The device is equipped with a desktop computer, earphones, and a pop-up message window. An eye examination system, including smart glasses.

199. 200. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 194, further comprising: An ophthalmic examination system comprising a communications module.

200. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 194, wherein the designated device is and configured to send one or more commands to the ophthalmic examination system in response to the received signal. Stem.

201. 201. An ophthalmic examination system according to claim 200, wherein the processing device of the ophthalmic examination system The apparatus is configured to execute the instructions received by the designated device. , ophthalmic examination system.

202. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 201, wherein the designated device transmits The one or more instructions provided to the subject include an instruction to disable the ophthalmic examination system, An instruction to provide a visual warning signal and / or an instruction to provide an audio warning signal to the subject.

1. An ophthalmic examination system, including a prescription.

203. 193. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 192, wherein the sensor is an inertial measurement sensor (IM S).

204. 202. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 192, further comprising a database in communication with said processing unit. The ophthalmic examination system further comprises:

205. 205. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 204, wherein the one or more programs include and instructions for storing a number of detected rapid accelerations or decelerations in a database. system.

206. 206. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 205, wherein the one or more programs and instructions for quantifying the severity of the sudden acceleration or deceleration detected by the motion sensor. , ophthalmic examination system.

207. 206. The ophthalmic examination system of claim 205, wherein the one or more programs An ophthalmic examination system that includes instructions to quantify sudden acceleration or deceleration as mild, moderate, and severe. Tem.

208. A system comprising a condition monitor and a processor, The condition monitors each monitor a condition of at least one characteristic of a medical testing system. one or more sensors configured to The at least one characteristic is indicative of an operational mode of the medical examination system; The processor is coupled to the condition monitor and receives the medical condition from the one or more sensors. receiving information relating to the at least one characteristic of a medical examination system, and and monitoring the operation of said medical testing system for indications of changes in expected values ​​of said characteristics. configured to generate a notification to an authority having system.

209. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein the at least one characteristic is The system includes at least one of a temperature, an acceleration, a deceleration, and an orientation of the system.

210. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein the one or more sensors include a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, Sensors, humidity sensors, microphones, Global Positioning System (GPS), gyroscopes at least one of a light sensor, a proximity sensor, a system clock, and an accelerometer; Including, the system.

211. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein the one or more sensors are at least one sensor configured to detect whether a cover of the system is open Including, the system.

212. 212. The system of claim 211, wherein the at least one sensor comprises an infrared sensor. Including system.

213. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein the institution is A small number of remote institutions responsible and insurance providers providing insurance to the medical testing system At least one, a system.

214. 209. The system of claim 208, further comprising a communications network coupled to said processing unit. Further equipped with The processing device transmits the notification to the remote institution over the communications network. configured to system.

215. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein the processing unit receives from the accelerometer. The information collected will be analyzed to determine whether the medical testing system is accelerating or decelerating. The system is configured.

216. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein said processing unit is adapted to send a warning signal to said authority. A system configured as follows:

217. 217. The system of claim 216, wherein the processing device is a user of the medical examination system. a system configured to issue the warning signal to a user.

218. 209. The system of claim 208, comprising: A system that can be easily incorporated.

219. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein said processing device receives a notification from said institution. A system configured to receive messages from a

220. 220. The system of claim 219, wherein the processing device is adapted to pre-register a user of the system. A system configured to convey the message.

221. 209. The system of claim 208, comprising an on-chip device included in said medical testing system. The system implemented in.

222. 209. The system of claim 208, further comprising: The system further comprises a database configured to store the log.

223. 223. The system of claim 222, wherein the database is in a cloud-based server or A system housed somewhere on the board of the device.

224. 224. The system of claim 223, wherein the sensors are integrated on a single printed circuit board. or may be integrated throughout the medical testing system or multiple printed circuit boards. The system is configured to be distributed among multiple servers.

225. 209. The system of claim 208, further comprising: A system capable of automating responses to injury claims.

226. 226. The system of claim 225, wherein the processor receives sensor readings of each different size. The system is configured with pre-configured rules for handling reads.

227. 227. The system of claim 226, wherein the rules include: A system that also governs the nature of knowledge.

228. The system of claim 208, further comprising, for example, an electronic device for ensuring a protocol of the test. A system that monitors operating conditions such as flow in real time.

229. 209. The system of claim 208, wherein the medical testing system is powered off. The system has its own battery to ensure monitoring of the medical testing system even when - A system for maintaining backups.

230. 1. A system for measuring dark adaptation, comprising: a plurality of head-mounted devices, each configured to measure dark adaptation of at least one eye of a subject; A wearable device; a command center configured to communicate with the plurality of head-mounted devices; A system comprising:

231. 231. The system of claim 230, wherein the command center is mountable to the plurality of heads. IEEE 802.11b: A system configured to simultaneously communicate with multiple capable devices.

232. 231. The system of claim 230, wherein at least one of the plurality of head-mountable devices At least one head-mounted device includes a subject instruction system in communication with said command center. A system comprising:

233. 233. The system of claim 232, wherein the command center is configured to allow a user to and instructing the subject using the at least one head-mounted device via a prompting system. The system is configured to enable the provision of

234. A light sheet for use in a head-mounted device configured to measure dark adaptation of a subject. It is At least one eye of the subject is illuminated when the optical seal is worn by the subject. a conformable plate having at least one opening adapted to be substantially aligned with A main body portion, an attachment coupled to the adaptable body portion for attaching the optical seal to the subject's head; Attached part, Equipped with The main body is a head-mountable device and the optical seal are combined to form a head-mountable device. a head mountable device for mounting said at least one eye on said head such that said at least one eye is shielded from ambient light when mounted on said head; configured to couple to a frame of the device; Light seal.

235. 235. The light seal of claim 234, wherein the mounting portion is coupled to the adaptable body portion. A light seal with a strap that can be attached.

236. 235. The light seal of claim 234, wherein the mounting portion is coupled to the adaptable body portion.

1. A light seal comprising at least one arm adapted to be attached to the light seal.

237. 235. The light seal of claim 234, wherein the light seal is adapted to contact the skin of the subject. a sanitary liner configured to mate with a surface of the conformable body portion of the roller; A light sticker.

238. 238. The light seal of claim 237, wherein the sanitary liner is a single-use disposable liner. The system is a light seal.

239. 238. The light seal of claim 237, wherein the sanitary liner comprises a double-sided tape. rule.

240. 235. The light seal of claim 234, comprising a polymeric material.

241. 241. The light seal of claim 240, wherein the polymeric material is silicone, polyurethane. Silicone, polyurethane, neoprene, polyolefin, nitrile rubber, ethylene Vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA) Have any of them with light seal.

242. 242. The light seal of claim 241, comprising a plurality of fibers.

243. 243. The light seal of claim 242, wherein said plurality of fibers comprises cellulose fibers. Includes light seal.

244. 244. The light seal of claim 243, comprising a foam material.

245. 245. The light seal of claim 244, wherein the foam material is an open cell foam or a closed cell foam. A light-transmitting foam having any one of a foam, an alginate foam, and a starch-based foam. seal.

246. 235. The light seal of claim 234, further comprising an RFID tag coupled to the light seal. Also includes optical seal.

247. 247. The light seal of claim 246, wherein the RFID tag is attached to the light seal. A light seal used to authenticate a single use of a device.

248. 1. A head-mounted device for performing an ophthalmic examination, comprising: a head-mountable frame for mounting the device on the subject's head; The device, when worn by the subject, protects at least one eye of the subject from ambient light. a light seal configured to couple to the frame to block light from the light; A head-mountable device comprising:

249. 249. The head wearable device of claim 248, comprising: The optical seal, when worn by the subject, is adapted to contact the at least one a fitting having at least one opening adapted to be substantially aligned with one eye; a body portion that can be The main body is connected to a frame of the head-mountable device, and is configured to be mounted on the head. The optical seal is coupled to a device that can be used to measure the intensity of light emitted from the at least one subject when worn. configured to shield the eye of the subject from ambient light; A device that can be worn on the head.

250. 249. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 248, comprising: a light seal adapted to be attached to the subject's head; a connector for connecting to the adaptable body portion for removably and replaceably connecting to at least a portion of the connector; The head-wearable device further comprises an attachment portion to which the head-wearable device is fitted.

251. 251. The head wearable device of claim 250, wherein the attachment portion comprises a strap. A head-mounted device.

252. 251. The head wearable device of claim 250, wherein the mounting portion is adapted to support the adaptable head. A head-mountable device comprising at least one arm coupled to a body.

253. 251. The head-wearable device of claim 250, wherein the optical seal is A skin support is configured to couple with a surface of the conformable body portion so as to contact at least a portion of the skin. A head-wearable device having a sanitary liner formed thereon.

254. 251. The head wearable device of claim 250, wherein the sanitary liner is a single use. A head-mounted device that is a disposable item.

255. 254. The head-mountable device of claim 253, wherein the sanitary liner is a double-sided tape.

23. A head-wearable device comprising:

256. 250. The head wearable device of claim 249, further comprising: and one or more optical sensors coupled onto the frame for detecting the head. Wearable device.

257. 257. The head wearable device of claim 256, wherein the one or more optical sensors a head-mounted device positioned to detect light leakage near at least one eye of the subject; A device that can be attached to a part.

258. 258. The head wearable device of claim 257, wherein the one or more optical sensors each Each of the at least two sensors is positioned to detect light leakage in the vicinity of one eye of the subject. A head-mounted device having two optical sensors.

259. 259. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 258, comprising: The head-wearable device further comprises a mechanism for adjusting the light seal.

260. 260. The head wearable device of claim 259, wherein the mechanism is coupled to the mount. A head-mounted device having a latch mechanism that allows the head to be worn without any obstruction.

261. 261. The head wearable device of claim 260, comprising: The attachment portion has a strap, The latch mechanism allows either the length or tension of the strap to be adjusted. 、 A device that can be worn on the head.

262. 262. The head-mounted device of claim 261, further comprising: a head mount for mounting said frame to said subject's head. and a second strap coupled to the frame for attaching the headrest to the head. Wearable device.

263. 263. The head wearable device of claim 262, wherein the first strap and the second strap The first strap and the second strap can be easily released by connecting them to one of the straps. The head-wearable device further comprises a quick release button enabling the head-wearable device to be

264. 250. The head wearable device of claim 249, wherein the light seal comprises a polymeric material. A head-mounted device.

265. 265. The head wearable device of claim 264, wherein the polymeric material is silicone. , polyurethane, neoprene, polyolefin, nitrile rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate Polyvinyl alcohol (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polylactic acid (PLA) head-mounted device.

266. 250. The head wearable device of claim 249, wherein the optical seal comprises a plurality of fibers. A head-mountable device having:

267. 267. The head wearable device of claim 266, wherein the light seal is made of cellulose fiber. Head-mounted devices, including head-mounted ...

268. 251. The head-wearable device of claim 250, wherein the light seal is made of open cell foam. or a head-wearable device having an open-cell foam material.

269. 269. The head-mountable device of claim 268, wherein the foam material is an alginate foam. A head-wearable device having a body and any one of a starch-based foam.

270. 269. The head wearable device of claim 268, further comprising an RF coupler coupled to said light seal. The head-wearable device further comprises an ID tag.

271. 271. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 270, wherein said one or more optical sensors the one or more The head-wearable device further comprises a warning module in communication with the optical sensor.

272. 272. The head wearable device of claim 271, wherein the warning signal comprises an audio signal. , a device that can be worn on the head.

273. 250. The head wearable device of claim 249, comprising: The ophthalmological diagnostic test includes visual field for glaucoma, frequency for glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Doubling technique (FDT), electroretinogram (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), contrast sensitivity, color vision, Visual acuity, high brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / low contrast visual acuity, high luminance and low contrast visual acuity, optotype, venile visual acuity, reading speed (high luminance Low luminance), glare test (cataract), motion perception, metamorphopsia (late AMD), Shape and texture discrimination of early stage AMD. Mesopic and scotopic visual fields, photostress, microf Folimetry (fundus guided folimetry), tonometer, steriopsis, coneohisto sys, fundus retinal imaging, retinal densitometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein blood Angiography, OCT Angiography (OCTA), Multispectral Imaging, Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy, Anterior segment OCT, Deep field OCT, Retinal metabolic imaging, Ocular blood flow imaging, Adaptive optics , autofluorescence, non-mydriatic fundus camera, optic nerve imaging, ultrasound, anterior segment photography, slit la The vehicle is either a lumbar, pachymeter, or interior segment. A device that can be worn on the head.

274. 250. A head-mounted device as claimed in claim 249, comprising: and a frame body having a chamber for accommodating one or more components, the frame body being wearable on the head. A device.

275. The head-mountable device according to claim 274, wherein the frame body portion is configured as follows: When the head-mountable device is worn by the subject, a head-mounted device adapted to be positioned at least partially in front of the at least one eye; Possible device.

276. 276. The head wearable device of claim 275, wherein at least one of said frame body portions a portion of the head is opaque to impede the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. A device that can be attached to a part.

277. 277. The head wearable device of claim 276, wherein said opaque portion is The at least one eye of the subject may be provided with a pair of glasses that can be elevated to allow the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye of the subject. The opaque portion is hinged to the other portion of the frame so that the opaque portion can be worn on the head. A capable device.

278. 278. The head wearable device of claim 277, wherein the minor portion of the body of the frame A head-mounted device that is at least partially constructed of a material that can adjust its opacity in response to a stimulus. A device.

279. 278. A head-mountable device as claimed in claim 277, wherein at least one of the body portions of the frame Some of them have liquid crystals and optical polarizers that transition from translucent to opaque when a voltage is applied. A head-mounted device.

280. 250. The head wearable device of claim 249, further comprising a sliding mechanism coupled to the frame. Further comprising a screen capable of The screen is adapted to block the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. slidably mounted substantially in front of at least one eye; A device that can be worn on the head.

281. 250. The head wearable device of claim 249, comprising: The frame is adapted to support the at least one of the subjects when the device is worn by the subject. an opening configured to be located substantially anterior to at least one eye; A light source is connected to the opening to block or allow the passage of ambient light to the at least one eye. The head-wearable device further comprises a flip seal mated thereto.

282. 1. A head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic diagnostic examination to a subject, comprising: A frame that can be attached to the head, at least one of the subjects is coupled to the frame for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic examination; A diagnostic system comprising at least one examination light source that generates an examination light for irradiating an eye with light. and, a sensor coupled to the frame for automatically positioning the at least one light source relative to the subject's pupil; Automatic alignment mechanism for automatic alignment; A head-mountable device comprising:

283. 283. The head-mounted apparatus of claim 282, further comprising: a head-mounted device having an optical system coupled to the frame for directing light to at least one eye; Wearable device.

284. 284. The head wearable device of claim 283, wherein the optical system is adapted to receive the inspection light source. a head-mounted mirror for reflecting the test light emitted by the head-mounted mirror to the subject's eye. A capable device.

285. 284. The head wearable device of claim 283, wherein the optical system is A head-mounted device having a lens that collimates and diffuses the light emitted by the head-mounted device.

286. 284. The head-mountable device of claim 283, wherein the inspection light source is mounted A head-mounted device having a movable platform.

287. 287. The head mountable device of claim 286, wherein the moveable platform is A head-wearable device that is movable along at least two orthogonal dimensions.

288. 288. The head mountable device of claim 287, wherein the moveable platform is A head-mounted device that is movable along three orthogonal dimensions.

289. 289. The head wearable device of claim 288, comprising: The automatic alignment mechanism may be configured to position a light source on the frame to illuminate the at least one eye. and a light source attached to the at least one eye, the light source being irradiated with the infrared light and emitting light from the at least one eye in response to irradiation with the infrared light. an infrared sensor mounted within the frame to detect at least a portion of the infrared light; Equipped with a dispenser, A device that can be worn on the head.

290. 290. The head wearable device of claim 289, comprising: A detector mounted on the frame and in communication with the infrared detector and the movable platform. It also has a feedback system that can be trusted. The feedback system is adapted to receive one or more signals generated by the infrared detector. detecting a pupil of the at least one eye based on the detected pupil and moving the platform. and positioning the light emitted by the at least one examination light source and the pupil of the subject. To align, A device that can be worn on the head.

291. 291. The head wearable device of claim 290, wherein the infrared detector comprises an infrared camera. A device that can be worn on the head.

292. 292. The head-mounted device of claim 291, wherein the infrared camera is adapted to capture the subject's generating an image of the subject's pupil based on the infrared light returning from the at least one eye of the subject; The head-mounted device is configured to:

293. 293. The head wearable device of claim 292, wherein the feedback system based on the shape of the subject's pupil in the image produced by the infrared camera. a head mounted device that aligns the test light emitted by at least one test light source; Possible device.

294. 294. The head-mounted device of claim 293, wherein the optical system comprises: Reflecting light from one test light source to the subject's eye and further a dichroic mirror adapted to allow the infrared light returning from the infrared detector to pass through the infrared detector. A head-mounted device equipped with a sensor.

295. 283. The head wearable device of claim 282, comprising: The ophthalmological diagnostic test includes visual field for glaucoma, frequency for glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Doubling technique (FDT), electroretinogram (ERG), visual evoked potential (VEP), contrast sensitivity, color vision, Visual acuity, high brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / high contrast visual acuity, low brightness / low contrast visual acuity, high luminance and low contrast visual acuity, optotype, venile visual acuity, reading speed (high luminance Low luminance), glare test (cataract), motion perception, metamorphopsia (late AMD), Shape and texture discrimination of early stage AMD. Mesopic and scotopic visual fields, photostress, microf Folimetry (fundus guided folimetry), tonometer, steriopsis, coneohisto sys, fundus retinal imaging, retinal densitometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein blood Angiography, OCT Angiography (OCTA), Multispectral Imaging, Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy, Anterior segment OCT, Deep field OCT, Retinal metabolic imaging, Ocular blood flow imaging, Adaptive optics , autofluorescence, non-mydriatic fundus camera, optic nerve imaging, ultrasound, anterior segment photography, slit la The vehicle is either a lumbar, pachymeter, or interior segment. A device that can be worn on the head.

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