Machine tool

Abstract

To provide a machine tool that is configured so that tools can be replaced efficiently.SOLUTION: A machine tool comprises: a main spindle that is used for mounting a tool thereon; a work-piece support part for supporting a work-piece that is machined with the tool mounted on the main spindle; a tool magazine 130 that is provided on the work-piece support part, and has a tool holder supporting a plurality of tools and an openable / closable magazine cover 134 covering a periphery of the tool holder; a moving mechanism that moves the work-piece support part in a first direction; and an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes the magazine cover. The opening / closing mechanism has a first cam 151, and a link member 152 that is connected to the magazine cover, and when the moving mechanism moves the work-piece support part 120, contacts the first cam to displace the magazine cover from a closed state into an opened state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a machine tool. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, in machine tools that use tools to machine workpieces, a tool magazine that stores a number of tools is provided, and the necessary tools are replaced according to the machining conditions to perform machining efficiently. In addition, by attaching a magazine cover to the tool magazine of such a machine tool, the tools stored in the tool magazine can be protected, and the effects of machining fluid supplied during machining and chips generated during machining (e.g., effects such as tool replacement and reduced machining accuracy) can be avoided.

[0003] As an example, in Patent Document 1, a tool magazine and a magazine cover for covering the tool magazine are provided on a table for holding a workpiece, and the magazine cover is closed during the machining process to prevent machining fluid and chips from entering the tool magazine, and is opened during the tool replacement process. In the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover is linked to the movement of the tool magazine by the table in the front-rear direction. Specifically, a first engagement member provided on the magazine cover and a second engagement member provided on a support column supporting the spindle are engaged with each other during the process of moving the tool magazine by the table, thereby switching the open and closed state of the magazine cover. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-123575 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the case of Patent Document 1, if the moving speed of the tool magazine by the table is not controlled when the magazine cover is opened or closed, problems such as the magazine cover bouncing back or the engagement member being damaged may occur. Therefore, the tool changing efficiency of such a machine tool is low. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention provides a machine tool that solves the above-mentioned problems, by linking the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover with the movement of the tool magazine by the work support part, and since there is no need to excessively slow down the movement speed of the tool magazine, tool changing efficiency in the machine tool is good.

[0007] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of a technical proposal 1 of the present invention, a machine tool is provided that includes a spindle used for mounting a tool, a work support part for supporting a workpiece to be machined by the tool mounted on the spindle, a tool magazine provided on the work support part and having a tool holder for supporting a plurality of tools and an openable and closable magazine cover covering the periphery of the tool holder, a moving mechanism for moving the work support part in a first direction, and an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the magazine cover. Here, the opening and closing mechanism includes a first cam and a link member connected to the magazine cover, and displaces the magazine cover from a closed state to an open state by abutting against the first cam as the moving mechanism moves the work support part.

[0008] According to the above embodiment, the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover is linked to the movement of the tool magazine by the work support part, and in the process of moving the tool magazine, the link member connected to the magazine cover abuts against the first cam, and the magazine cover is displaced from the closed state to the open state by the guidance of the link member of the first cam. This makes it possible to design the moving speed and moving range of the tool magazine according to the shape and position of the first cam, so there is no need to excessively reduce the moving speed of the tool magazine. This improves the tool changing efficiency of the machine tool in the above embodiment.

[0009] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of Technical Solution 2 of the present invention, the position of the first cam in the first direction overlaps with the movement range of the work support part.

[0010] According to the above embodiment, the position of the first cam can be set in accordance with the movement range of the tool magazine.

[0011] According to a third embodiment of the present invention, the machine tool further comprises a base supporting the workpiece support, and the first cam is located on the base.

[0012] According to the above embodiment, the position of the first cam can be set in accordance with the movement range of the tool magazine.

[0013] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical solution 4 of the present invention, the first direction is a front-to-rear direction, and the tool magazine is disposed behind the workpiece support.

[0014] According to the above embodiment, the movement range of the tool magazine can be designed according to the position of the tool magazine.

[0015] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical proposal 5 of the present invention, the magazine cover has a first cover, and the link member has a first abutment portion that abuts against the first cam, and is equipped with a pivot link that rotates upon abutment between the first cam and the first abutment portion, and a link arm connected to the pivot link and the first cover, and which displaces the first cover to an open state upon rotation of the pivot link.

[0016] According to the above embodiment, the movement range of the first cover of the magazine cover can be designed according to the interlocking of the rotary link and the link arm, and the relative positions of the first cam and the first abutment portion.

[0017] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of Technical Solution 6 of the present invention, the upper end of the first cover has an inclined surface that slopes downward in a direction approaching the work support portion.

[0018] According to the above embodiment, chips can be prevented from accumulating on the first cover of the magazine cover.

[0019] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of Technical Proposal 7 of the present invention, the magazine cover further includes a second cover facing the first cover. The opening / closing mechanism further includes a second cam located on the first cover and a second abutment portion located on the second cover and abutting against the second cam. When the first cover is displaced to the open state by the link arm, the second cam moves while abutting against the second abutment portion, thereby displacing the second cover to the open state.

[0020] According to the above embodiment, the movement range of the second cover of the magazine cover can be designed according to the shape and position of the second cam and the relative positions of the second cam and the second abutment portion.

[0021] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical proposal 8 of the present invention, the opening and closing mechanism further has a first biasing member connected to the link member and biasing the first cover to a closed state, and a second biasing member connected to the second cover and biasing the second cover to a closed state.

[0022] According to the above embodiment, the first cover and the second cover of the magazine cover can be easily brought into a closed state by the first biasing member and the second biasing member.

[0023] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of a technical solution 9 of the present invention, when the magazine cover is in the closed state, the upper end of the first cover is located higher than the second cover.

[0024] According to the above embodiment, the magazine cover can have an excellent protective effect.

[0025] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical solution 10 of the present invention, the upper end of the second cover has an inclined surface that slopes downward in a direction away from the first cover.

[0026] According to the above embodiment, chips can be prevented from accumulating on the second cover of the magazine cover.

[0027] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical solution 11 of the present invention, the first direction is a front-to-rear direction, the first cover covers at least the front and side of the tool holder, and the second cover covers at least the top and rear of the tool holder.

[0028] According to the above embodiment, the first cover and the second cover of the magazine cover cover the tool holder provided in the tool magazine from the front-rear direction, the sides, and above, thereby blocking chips.

[0029] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical solution 12 of the present invention, the first cover has a covering portion that covers the upper part of the second cam.

[0030] According to the embodiment, the first cover of the magazine cover covers the second cam from above, thereby blocking chips.

[0031] In the machine tool according to the embodiment of the technical solution 13 of the present invention, the tool magazine further includes a support member for supporting the tool holder. The opening / closing mechanism further includes a guide cam located on the support member for guiding the movement of the link arm, and a third abutment portion located on the link arm for abutting against the guide cam.

[0032] According to the above embodiment, the movement range of the first cover of the magazine cover can be designed according to the shape and position of the guide cam and the relative position between the guide cam and the third contact portion.

[0033] In the machine tool according to the embodiment of technical solution 14 of the present invention, when the first cover moves from the closed state to the open state, the first cover moves downward along the guide cam while maintaining the angle of the first cover.

[0034] According to the above embodiment, the movement range of the first cover can be shortened, thereby making it possible to reduce the size of the structure.

[0035] In the machine tool according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, the first contact portion, the second contact portion and the third contact portion are rollers.

[0036] According to the embodiment described above, the first contact portion, the second contact portion, and the third contact portion can be smoothly brought into contact with the respective cams.

[0037] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of Technical Solution 16 of the present invention, the cam surfaces of the first cam, the second cam and the guide cam face in a direction away from the workpiece support portion.

[0038] According to the above embodiment, chips can be prevented from accumulating on the cam surfaces of the first cam, the second cam, and the guide cam.

[0039] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical solution 17 of the present invention, the rotating link rotates about a first axis relative to the support member, and the second cover rotates about a second axis relative to the support member.

[0040] According to the above embodiment, the movement directions of the first cover and the second cover of the magazine cover can be designed according to the positions of the rotary link connected to the first cover, the second cover, and the like.

[0041] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical solution 18 of the present invention, the workpiece support portion has a table for fixing a workpiece, and a rotation mechanism for rotating the table with the horizontal direction as a rotation axis.

[0042] According to the above embodiment, the work support portion can be provided with the operational functions of linear movement and rotation along a horizontal axis.

[0043] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of a technical solution 19 of the present invention, the spindle is movable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0044] According to the above embodiment, the spindle can be provided with a linear movement function.

[0045] In a machine tool according to an embodiment of technical proposal 20 of the present invention, the machine tool further comprises two pillars supporting the spindle and spaced apart in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the tool magazine is capable of passing between the two pillars.

[0046] According to the above embodiment, the movement range of the tool magazine passes through the main body structure of the machine tool, thereby making it possible to reduce the size of the machine tool in the first direction. Effect of the Invention

[0047] As described above, in the machine tool of the present invention, by linking the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover with the movement of the tool magazine by the work support part, the moving speed and moving range of the tool magazine can be designed according to the shape and position of the first cam, so there is no need to reduce the moving speed of the tool magazine excessively. This improves the tool changing efficiency of the machine tool in the embodiment of the present invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0048] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a machine tool in a first operating state according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] 2 is a schematic perspective view of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 in a second operating state. FIG. [Diagram 3] 3 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a tool magazine provided in the machine tool shown in FIG. 2 with a magazine cover in an open state. [Figure 4A] 2 is a schematic side view of a magazine cover of a tool magazine provided in the machine tool shown in FIG. 1, the magazine cover being in a closed state among other schematic side views showing the magazine cover being displaced from a closed state to an open state. FIG. [Figure 4B] 2 is a schematic side view of a magazine cover of a tool magazine provided in the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 being displaced from a closed state to an open state, showing the magazine cover being displaced. FIG. [Figure 4C] 2 is a schematic side view of a tool magazine provided in the machine tool shown in FIG. 1, showing a magazine cover in an open state, among other schematic side views showing the magazine cover being displaced from a closed state to an open state. FIG. [Figure 5A] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5B] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5C] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5D] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5E] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of removing a tool from a spindle, among the schematic operation diagrams showing the operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. [Figure 5F] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5G] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the attachment of a tool to the spindle, among schematic diagrams showing the removal of a tool from the spindle and the attachment of a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5H] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5I] 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of removing a tool from a spindle and attaching a tool from a tool magazine to the spindle in a tool changing process of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5J]FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 during a tool changing process, in which a tool is removed from the spindle and a tool in a tool magazine is attached to the spindle, and the operation is schematic showing the operation of the spindle changing the tool. [Figure 6] 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 moving the tool magazine further away from the machining area during a machining process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0049] Examples of exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same component reference numerals are used to represent the same or similar parts in the drawings and the description. Hereinafter, a specific structure and operation process of a machine tool 100 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6. However, this is merely an example of the present invention, and the specific structure and operation process of the machine tool 100 can be adjusted as necessary, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0050] 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the machine tool 100 includes a spindle 110, a workpiece support 120, a tool magazine 130, a moving mechanism 140, and an opening / closing mechanism 150. The spindle 110 is used to attach the tool 20. The workpiece support 120 is used to support a workpiece (not shown) to be machined by the tool 20 attached to the spindle 110. The tool magazine 130 is provided on the workpiece support 120 and has a tool holder 132 that supports a plurality of tools 20 (six tools are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, but is not limited thereto), and an openable / closable magazine cover 134 that covers the periphery of the tool holder 132. The moving mechanism 140 moves the workpiece support 120 in a first direction (for example, the front-rear direction Y). The opening / closing mechanism 150 opens and closes the magazine cover 134. Here, the opening / closing mechanism 150 has a first cam 151 and a link member 152. The link member 152 is connected to the magazine cover 134, and when the moving mechanism 140 moves the work support part 120, the link member 152 comes into contact with the first cam 151, thereby displacing the magazine cover 134 from a closed state (corresponding to the first operating state in FIG. 1) to an open state (corresponding to the second operating state in FIG. 2). Each member will be described in detail below.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the work support part 120 and the moving mechanism 140 are connected. The moving mechanism 140 has, for example, a moving guide part 142 (for example, a combination of a linear motion guide and a ball screw) extending in a first direction (front-rear direction Y) and a driving part (for example, a motor (not shown)) that moves the work support part 120 along the moving guide part 142, thereby moving the work support part 120 in the first direction (front-rear direction Y). In this way, the work support part 120 can move to a processing area (for example, directly below the spindle 110) according to the processing conditions required for the work to be supported. Here, the movement of the work support part 120 in the front-rear direction Y is taken as an example of the first direction, but for example, the work support part 120 may be configured to move in another direction, and the work support part 120 may be configured to move in a plurality of directions by another moving mechanism not shown. Further, although the movement guide unit 142 and the drive unit are taken as an example of the movement mechanism 140 here, the present invention does not limit the structure of the movement mechanism 140, and it can be adjusted as necessary.

[0052] Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the workpiece support unit 120 has, for example, a table 122 and a rotation mechanism 124. The table 122 is used to fix the workpiece, and the rotation mechanism 124 rotates the table 122 about a horizontal direction (for example, the left-right direction X) as a rotation axis A. Here, the rotation mechanism 124 is, for example, provided on the moving mechanism 140 by a base 126, and the table 122 is provided on the rotation mechanism 124. The entire workpiece support unit 120 can be moved by the moving mechanism 140, and the table 122 of the workpiece support unit 120 can be further rotated by the rotation mechanism 124. In this way, the workpiece support unit 120 can be given the operation functions of linear movement and rotation along a horizontal axis, so that more diverse processing methods can be provided. Here, the table 122 is rotated about the left-right direction X as a rotation axis A as an example of a horizontal direction, but the table 122 can also be rotated about another horizontal direction or a vertical direction as a rotation axis. Further, although the table 122 and the rotation mechanism 124 are used here as an example of the workpiece support unit 120, it may be the table 122 alone. The present invention does not limit the structure of the workpiece support unit 120, and it can be adjusted as necessary.

[0053] Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the tool magazine 130 accommodates a plurality of tools 20. The tool magazine 130 has a tool holder 132 that supports a plurality of tools 20, and an openable and closable magazine cover 134 that covers the periphery of the tool holder 132. As an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the tool holder 132 is provided with a plurality of grips 132a that can hold the tools 20, and the openings of the grips 132a are open toward the front side in the front-rear direction Y, so that the tools 20 are supported by the tool holder 132 by being held by these grips 132a. Here, the tool holder 132 of the tool magazine 130 supports a plurality of tools 20 so as to be aligned in a line in the left-right direction X. In this way, the spindle 110 used for mounting the tools 20 and the tool magazine 130 used for storing the tools 20 move relatively in the left-right direction X, so that the necessary tools 20 can be selected and replaced (as described later). Here, six tools 20 are supported by providing six grips 132a on the tool holder 132, but the number of tools 20 and grips 132a can be adjusted as needed. In addition, the means of the tool holder 132 used to support the tools 20 is not limited to the grips 132a, and may be other support members capable of supporting the tools 20. In addition, while the tool holder 132 supports a plurality of tools 20 in a line in the left-right direction X as an example, the tool holder 132 can also support a plurality of tools 20 in a line in another direction, and can also support a plurality of tools 20 in a matrix shape. The present invention is not limited to an embodiment in which the tool magazine 130 supports the tools 20 using the tool holder 132, and can be adjusted as needed. In addition, the magazine cover 134 is closed during the machining process of the machine tool 100 to prevent chips and the like from adhering to the tools 20 supported by the tool holder 132. The magazine cover 134 is opened during a tool changing process of the machine tool 100, allowing the tool 20 attached to the spindle 110 to be replaced with another tool 20 supported by the tool holder 132. The specific structure of the magazine cover 134 and an embodiment of its opening and closing operation will be described later.

[0054] 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the tool magazine 130 is provided on the workpiece support part 120 and can move synchronously with the workpiece support part 120. As an example, the tool magazine 130 has a support member 136 that supports the tool holder 132 in addition to the tool holder 132 and the magazine cover 134, and the tool holder 132 and the magazine cover 134 are provided on the workpiece support part 120 by the support member 136 (for example, disposed on the above-mentioned base 126). In the process in which the moving mechanism 140 moves the workpiece support part 120 in the first direction (front-rear direction Y), the tool magazine 130 also moves in the first direction (front-rear direction Y), so that the positions of the workpiece support part 120 and the tool magazine 130 can be adjusted according to the operation process of the machine tool 100. Although the support member 136 is used to mount the tool magazine 130 on the work support portion 120 as an example here, other members may be used to mount the tool magazine 130 on the work support portion 120, and the tool holders 132 of the tool magazine 130 may be directly mounted on the work support portion 120. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment in which the tool magazine 130 and the work support portion 120 move synchronously in the first direction, and adjustments may be made as necessary.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the tool magazine 130 and the workpiece support unit 120 are arranged side by side in the first direction, and thus the positions of the workpiece support unit 120 and the tool magazine 130 in the first direction can be adjusted according to the work process of the machine tool 100. When the first direction is the front-rear direction Y, the tool magazine 130 is arranged, for example, behind the workpiece support unit 120. When the machine tool 100 is in a machining process, the workpiece support unit 120 is moved by the moving mechanism 140 to a position corresponding to the spindle 110 (as shown in FIG. 1). This makes it possible to machine the workpiece supported by the workpiece support unit 120. When the machine tool 100 is in a tool replacement process, the workpiece support unit 120 is moved by the moving mechanism 140 to a position forward of the position of the machining process, and the tool magazine 130 is moved to a position corresponding to the spindle 110 (as shown in FIG. 2). This makes it possible to replace the tool 20 stored in the tool magazine 130. As a result, by arranging the work support part 120 and the tool magazine 130 in positions adjacent to each other, the movement range in the first direction described above can be shortened, and the size of the machine tool 100 in the first direction can also be shortened. In this way, by designing the movement range of the tool magazine 130 according to the position of the tool magazine 130, the machine tool 100 can improve the tool exchange efficiency and reduce the structure. Here, the work support part 120 and the tool magazine 130 are provided adjacent to each other in the first direction, and the tool magazine 130 is arranged behind the work support part 120, as an example, but the relative positions of the work support part 120 and the tool magazine 130 can be adjusted as necessary. For example, the tool magazine 130 may be arranged on either the left or right side of the work support part 120.

[0056] In this embodiment, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the spindle 110 used to attach the tool 20 is provided on the side away from the workpiece support 120 and the tool magazine 130 in the vertical direction Z. For example, the spindle 110 is provided at a position above the workpiece support 120 and the tool magazine 130 in the vertical direction. The spindle 110 can also move in a second direction (for example, the vertical direction Z) perpendicular to the first direction (the front-rear direction Y). As an example, the machine tool 100 further includes a first drive mechanism 160. The first drive mechanism 160 includes a first drive guide portion 162 (for example, a combination of a linear motion guide and a ball screw) extending in the vertical direction Z, and a drive portion (for example, a motor (not shown)) that moves the spindle 110 along the first drive guide portion 162, thereby allowing the spindle 110 to move in the vertical direction Z. As can be seen from this, the spindle 110 moves downward in the machining process to approach the workpiece support 120, and can machine the workpiece supported by the workpiece support 120 using the attached tool 20. In addition, the spindle 110 moves downward in the tool changing process to approach the tool magazine 130, and can perform tool changing with the tool 20 stored in the tool magazine 130. The positions of the workpiece support 120 and the tool magazine 130 in the first direction (front-back direction Y) are adjusted by the movement of the movement mechanism 140 (as described above), and thus the spindle 110 can perform machining or tool changing according to the work process of the machine tool 100. In this way, the spindle 110 can be given a linear movement function. Here, the first drive guide 162 and the drive unit are taken as an example of the first drive mechanism 160, but the present invention does not limit the structure of the first drive mechanism 160. Furthermore, here, the movement of the spindle 110 in the up-down direction Z is taken as an example of the second direction, but the present invention does not limit the movement direction of the spindle 110.

[0057] For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the spindle 110 used to attach the tool 20 can move in a second direction (for example, left-right direction X) perpendicular to the first direction (front-back direction Y). As an example, the machine tool 100 further includes, for example, a second drive mechanism 170. The second drive mechanism 170 includes a second drive guide portion 172 (for example, a combination of a linear motion guide and a ball screw) extending in the left-right direction X, and a drive portion (for example, a motor (not shown)) that moves the spindle 110 along the second drive guide portion 172, thereby making the spindle 110 movable in the left-right direction X. As can be seen from this, when the machine tool 100 is in a tool changing process, the spindle 110 moves in the left-right direction X to select one of the multiple tools 20 lined up in a row along the left-right direction X of the tool holder 132 and perform tool changing. In this way, the spindle 110 can be given a linear movement function. Here, the second drive guide unit 172 and the drive unit are taken as an example of the second drive mechanism 170, but the present invention does not limit the structure of the second drive mechanism 170. Furthermore, here, the movement of the spindle 110 in the left-right direction X is taken as an example of the second direction, but the present invention does not limit the movement direction of the spindle 110. In particular, here, the spindle 110 is taken as an example that can move in both the up-down direction Z and the left-right direction X, but the spindle 110 may be moved in only one of the linear directions. Here, the spindle 110 is taken as an example that can move, but it can also be installed so that it cannot move. In this case, the machining process and the tool replacement process are performed by the movable work support unit 120 and the movable tool magazine 130. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

[0058] Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the machine tool 100 further includes, for example, a base unit 180. The base unit 180 supports the workpiece support unit 120 as a base of the machine tool 100. For example, the base unit 180 supports the workpiece support unit 120 via a moving mechanism 140. In addition, members such as the spindle 110 and the tool magazine 130 are also supported by the base unit 180. In this manner, the above-mentioned members of the machine tool 100 are integrally attached to the base unit 180 in a housing of the machine tool 100 (not shown). In addition, the machine tool 100 can be automatically controlled by a control system (not shown) to constitute one facility that can be used for automated machining. As an example, the machine tool 100 is, for example, a numerically controlled (NC) facility or a computer numerically controlled (CNC) facility, and can perform the above-mentioned machining process and tool replacement process by automation. Here, the example shows that base unit 180 serves as a base for machine tool 100 to support the above-mentioned members (such as workpiece support unit 120), but the use of base unit 180 may be omitted. Furthermore, the example shows that machine tool 100 is an automated device equipped with a housing and a control system, but does not exclude an embodiment in which the machine tool 100 is operated by a user. The present invention does not limit the specific structure of machine tool 100, or the embodiments of the machining process and tool replacement process, and these may be adjusted as necessary.

[0059] Further, in this embodiment, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the opening / closing mechanism 150 opens and closes the magazine cover 134 during the movement of the tool magazine 130. The opening / closing mechanism 150 has a first cam 151 and a link member 152. As an example, the first cam 151 is located on the base part 180 of the machine tool 100, and is located, for example, in a pair on both sides of the base part 180 facing each other in the left-right direction X (only one side is shown in Fig. 1). The first cam 151 has, for example, a flat plate-like structure having a cam surface. The first cam 151 may be a separate member attached to the base part 180, or may have a structure formed integrally with the base part 180. Furthermore, the link member 152 is connected to the magazine cover 134, and is connected, for example, in a pair on both sides of the magazine cover 134 facing each other in the left-right direction X. Thereby, the machine tool 100 can mutually link the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover 134 with the movement of the tool magazine 130 by the workpiece support part 120. For example, the first cam 151 and the link member 152 of the opening / closing mechanism 150 are provided at a fixed position (for example, the base part 180) and at a movable position connected to the magazine cover 134 (for example, the magazine cover 134). The work support part 120 is moved by the moving mechanism 140, and the tool magazine 130 is also moved together with the work support part 120, whereby the link member 152 connected to the magazine cover 134 and the first cam 151 located on the base part 180 also move relatively. When the link member 152 and the first cam 151 come into contact with each other, the magazine cover 134 can be displaced from a closed state (corresponding to the first operating state in FIG. 1) to an open state (corresponding to the second operating state in FIG. 2). In this way, the position of the first cam 151 can be set according to the moving range of the tool magazine 130. Here, an example is taken in which the first cams 151 are positioned in pairs on both the left and right sides of the base portion 180, and the link members 152 are connected in pairs to both the left and right sides of the magazine cover 134, but the number and positions of the first cams 151 and the number and positions of the link members 152 can be adjusted as necessary. If the first cams 151 are configured to be immobile and the link members 152 are configured to be movable together with the work support portion 120 and the tool magazine 130, the magazine cover 134 can be opened and closed by the relative movement of the first cams 151 and the link members 152.

[0060] Further, in this embodiment, the machining process and the tool changing process of the machine tool 100 can be switched according to the movement of the workpiece support part 120 and the tool magazine 130 in the first direction (front-rear direction Y). Therefore, as shown in Figs. 4A to 4C, the first cam 151 and the link member 152 are arranged, for example, side by side in the first direction (front-rear direction Y). In the process of moving the tool magazine 130, the link member 152 connected to the magazine cover 134 abuts against the first cam 151 as the tool magazine 130 moves in the first direction (front-rear direction Y), and thus the magazine cover 134 is displaced from the closed state of Fig. 4A to the open state of Fig. 4C by the guidance of the link member 152 of the first cam 151. Correspondingly, the link member 152 connected to the magazine cover 134 moves away from the first cam 151 as the tool magazine 130 moves in the first direction (front-rear direction Y), and thus the magazine cover 134 is displaced from the open state of Fig. 4C to the closed state of Fig. 4A. Preferably, the position of the first cam 151 in the first direction (front-rear direction Y) overlaps with the movement range of the work support part 120. For example, when viewed from the left-right direction X in FIG. 1, the first cam 151 overlaps with an area where the movement guide part 142 of the movement mechanism 140 is located. This allows the link member 152 to abut against the first cam 151 during the process of moving the tool magazine 130 by the work support part 120. In this way, the position of the first cam 151 can be set according to the movement range of the tool magazine 130. In addition, since the movement speed and movement range of the tool magazine 130 can be designed according to the shape and position of the first cam 151, it is not necessary to excessively reduce the movement speed of the tool magazine 130. In particular, the state in which link member 152 abuts against first cam 151 corresponds to the opening operation of magazine cover 134, and the method of opening magazine cover 134 (position, direction, etc. of magazine cover 134 in the open state) can be designed according to the shape and position of first cam 151. This can improve the tool exchange efficiency of machine tool 100. The opening and closing operation of magazine cover 134 of tool magazine 130 will be described in detail below.

[0061] More specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C, the magazine cover 134 has a first cover 134A. The link member 152 includes a rotating link 152A and a link arm 152B. The rotating link 152A has a first abutment portion 152C that abuts against the first cam 151, and rotates when the first cam 151 abuts against the first abutment portion 152C. The link arm 152B connects the rotating link 152A and the first cover 134A, and displaces the first cover 134A to an open state by the rotation of the rotating link 152A. As an example, a first end E1 of the rotating link 152A is connected to the support member 136 of the tool magazine 130 by a connecting piece 152D, and a second end E2 of the rotating link 152A rotates about a first axis A1 (e.g., corresponding to the left-right direction X) relative to the first end E1. In addition, a first end E3 of the link arm 152B is connected to a second end E2 of the rotating link 152A and can move in response to the rotation of the rotating link 152A. In addition, a second end E4 of the link arm 152B is connected to the first cover 134A. This allows the first cam 151 and the link member 152 to open and close the first cover 134A.

[0062] Further, in this embodiment, the first contact portion 152C has a structure having, for example, an arcuate surface, and can contact the first cam 151 with the arcuate surface as the first contact surface, and can move along the cam surface of the first cam 151. As an example, the first contact portion 152C is a roller. For example, the first contact portions 152C are paired, and are located on the inner surfaces of the pair of rotating links 152A, and are located on opposite sides in the left-right direction X so as to face each other (only one side is shown in FIG. 3). The first contact portion 152C may be a separate member attached to the rotating link 152A, or may be a structure formed integrally with the rotating link 152A. This allows the first contact portion 152C to be smoothly contacted with the first cam 151. In contrast, the cam surface of the first cam 151 is a surface that faces in a direction away from the work support portion 120, such as the rear side or the lower side. Furthermore, the cam surface of the first cam 151 is a curved surface that extends from the rear to the front and curves from the top to the bottom. This makes it difficult for chips to accumulate on the cam surface of the first cam 151, and the first abutting portion 152C can move smoothly along the cam surface of the first cam 151. Here, the first abutting portion 152C is positioned in pairs on the rotating link 152A as an example, but the number and positions of the first abutting portions 152C can be adjusted as necessary. If the first abutting portion 152C can abut against the first cam 151 as a part of the link member 152, the first cover 134A of the magazine cover 134 can be opened and closed by the movement of the link member 152.

[0063] More specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, in the process of the link member 152 moving toward the first cam 151, the first contact portion 152C contacts the cam surface of the first cam 151 and moves from the rear side of the first cam 151 to the front side and downward. In this manner, the rotating link 152A provided on the first contact portion 152C rotates forward and downward about its first end E1, and the link arm 152B connected to the rotating link 152A also moves forward and downward. As a result, the first cover 134A moves forward and downward due to the movement of the link arm 152B, and is displaced from the closed state of FIG. 4A to the open state of FIG. 4C. In contrast, in the process of the link member 152 moving away from the first cam 151, the first contact portion 152C moves from the front side of the first cam 151 to the rear side and upward, and thus moves away from the first cam 151. In this way, the rotating link 152A rotates rearward and upward about its first end E1, and the link arm 152B connected to the rotating link 152A also moves rearward and upward. As a result, the movement of the link arm 152B causes the first cover 134A to move rearward and upward, and the first cover 134A is displaced from the open state shown in FIG. 4C to the closed state shown in FIG. 4A. In this way, the movement range of the first cover 134A of the magazine cover 134 can be designed according to the interlocking of the rotating link 152A and the link arm 152B and the relative position of the first cam 151 and the first abutting portion 152C, and the movement direction of the first cover 134A of the magazine cover 134 can be designed according to the shape (e.g., having a cam surface facing rearward or downward) and position (e.g., the cam surface is located on the front side of the first abutting portion 152C) of the first cam 151 and the position of the rotating link 152A connected to the first cover 134A, etc.

[0064] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C, the magazine cover 134 further includes a second cover 134B facing the first cover 134A. The second cover 134B is attached to the support member 136 and rotates about a second axis A2 (e.g., corresponding to the left-right direction X) relative to the support member 136. The opening / closing mechanism 150 further includes a second cam 153 and a second contact portion 154. The rotation of the second cover 134B is linked to the movement of the first cover 134A by the second cam 153 and the second contact portion 154. As an example, the second cam 153 is located on the first cover 134A, and is located on both sides of the first cover 134A facing each other in the left-right direction X (only one side is shown in FIG. 3). The second cam 153 is, for example, a flat plate-like structure having a cam surface. The second cam 153 is connected to the link arm 152B, and the second cam 153 is integrally formed with the link arm 152B, and the second cam 153 is attached to the inner surface of the first cover 134A, and the link arm 152B is also connected to the first cover 134A. The second cam 153 may be a separate member attached to the first cover 134A, or may be integrally formed with the first cover 134A. The link arm 152B may be a separate member that can be connected to the second cam 153, and may be located at a position different from the second cam 153 in the first cover 134A and may not be connected to the second cam 153. In contrast, the second abutment portion 154 abuts against the second cam 153 and is located on the second cover 134B. Here, during the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover 134, the second abutment portion 154 and the second cam 153 are constantly kept in abutment with each other. That is, the second abutment portion 154 does not separate from the second cam 153 during the movement process. In this manner, when the first cover 134A is displaced to the open state by the link arm 152B (as described above), the second cam 153 moves while abutting against the second abutment portion 154, and the second cover 134B is displaced to the open state.

[0065] In this embodiment, the second contact portion 154 has a structure having, for example, an arcuate surface, and can contact the second cam 153 with the arcuate surface as the second contact surface and move along the cam surface of the second cam 153. As an example, the second contact portion 154 is a roller. For example, the second contact portion 154 is a pair, and is located on the inner surface of both sides of the second cover 134B facing each other in the left-right direction X (only one side is shown in FIG. 3). The second contact portion 154 may be a separate member attached to the second cover 134B, or may be a structure formed integrally with the second cover 134B. This allows the second contact portion 154 to be smoothly contacted with the second cam 153. In contrast, the cam surface of the second cam 153 is a surface facing in a direction away from the work support portion 120, such as the rear side or the lower side. Further, the cam surface of the second cam 153 is a curved surface that extends from the rear to the front and curves from the top to the bottom. This makes it difficult for chips to accumulate on the cam surface of the second cam 153, and the second abutting portion 154 can move smoothly along the cam surface of the second cam 153. Here, the second cams 153 are positioned in pairs on both the left and right sides of the first cover 134A, and the second abutting portions 154 are positioned in pairs in the left-right direction X of the second cover 134B, but the number and positions of the second cams 153 and the number and positions of the second abutting portions 154 can be adjusted as necessary. If the second cams 153 and the second abutting portions 154 are positioned on the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B, respectively, and abut against each other, the second cover 134B can be opened and closed by the movement of the first cover 134A.

[0066] 4A to 4C, when the first cover 134A is displaced to the open state by the link arm 152B (as described above), the link arm 152B and the first cover 134A move forward and downward, whereby the second cam 153 located on the first cover 134A moves forward and downward, and the second abutment portion 154 abutting against the second cam 153 moves backward and upward along the cam surface (facing the rear and downward) of the second cam 153. As a result, the second cover 134B moves backward and upward together with the second abutment portion 154, and is displaced from the closed state of FIG. 4A to the open state of FIG. 4C. On the other hand, when first cover 134A is displaced to the closed state by link arm 152B (as described above), link arm 152B and first cover 134A move rearward and upward, whereby second cam 153 located on first cover 134A moves rearward and upward, and second abutment portion 154 abutting against second cam 153 moves from the upper side to the frontward and downward along the cam surface of second cam 153. As a result, second cover 134B moves forward and downward together with second abutment portion 154, and displaces from the open state of FIG. 4C to the closed state of FIG. 4A. In this way, the range of movement of second cover 134B of magazine cover 134 can be designed depending on the shape (e.g., having a cam surface facing rearward and downward) and position (e.g., the cam surface is located on the front side of second abutment portion 154) of second cam 153, and the relative positions of second cam 153 and second abutment portion 154, and the direction of movement of second cover 134B of magazine cover 134 can be designed depending on the position of second cover 134B.

[0067] Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C, the opening / closing mechanism 150 further includes a guide cam 155 and a third contact portion 156. As an example, the guide cam 155 is located on the support member 136 of the tool magazine 130, for example, on a pair of the support members 136, and is located on both sides facing each other in the left-right direction X (only one side is shown in FIG. 3), and guides the movement of the link arm 152B. The guide cam 155 is, for example, a groove structure having a cam surface formed on the support member 136. The third contact portion 156 is located on the link arm 152B and contacts the guide cam 155. Here, in the opening / closing operation of the magazine cover 134, the third contact portion 156 and the guide cam 155 are constantly kept in contact with each other. That is, the third contact portion 156 does not separate from the guide cam 155 during the movement process. In particular, the third abutment portion 156 is attached to a guide groove serving as the guide cam 155, and can abut against the cam surface (i.e., the surface closer to the rear) of the guide cam 155. In this manner, when the first cover 134A is displaced to the open state by the link arm 152B (as described above), the third abutment portion 156 moves while abutting against the guide cam 155, whereby the first cover 134A is displaced to the open state.

[0068] In this embodiment, the third contact portion 156 has a structure having, for example, an arcuate surface, and can contact the guide cam 155 with the arcuate surface as the third contact surface and move along the cam surface of the guide cam 155. As an example, the third contact portion 156 is a roller. For example, the third contact portion 156 is a pair, and is located on the inner surface of the pair of link arms 152B, and is located on both sides in the left-right direction X so as to face each other. The third contact portion 156 may be a separate member attached to the link arm 152B, or may be a structure formed integrally with the link arm 152B. This allows the third contact portion 156 to be smoothly contacted with the guide cam 155. In contrast, the cam surface of the guide cam 155 is a surface that faces in a direction away from the work support portion 120, such as the rear side or the lower side. Furthermore, the cam surface of the guide cam 155 is a curved surface that extends from above to below and curves forward. This makes it difficult for chips to accumulate on the cam surface of guide cam 155, and allows third abutment portion 156 to move smoothly along the cam surface of guide cam 155. Here, an example is shown in which guide cams 155 are positioned in pairs on support member 136, and third abutment portion 156 are positioned in pairs on the inner surface of link arm 152B, but the number and positions of guide cams 155 and the number and positions of third abutment portions 156 can be adjusted as necessary. If guide cams 155 and third abutment portion 156 are positioned on support member 136 and link arm 152B, respectively, and abut against each other, the relative movement of guide cams 155 and third abutment portion 156 can guide the movement of first cover 134A.

[0069] More specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, when the first cover 134A is displaced to the open state by the link arm 152B (as described above), the link arm 152B moves forward and downward, so that the third abutment portion 156 located on the link arm 152B and abutting against the guide cam 155 moves from the upper side to the lower side along the cam surface of the guide cam 155. As a result, the first cover 134A is displaced from the closed state of FIG. 4A to the open state of FIG. 4C. On the other hand, when the first cover 134A is displaced to the closed state by the link arm 152B (as described above), the link arm 152B moves backward and upward, so that the third abutment portion 156 located on the link arm 152B and abutting against the guide cam 155 moves from the lower side to the upper side along the cam surface of the guide cam 155. As a result, the first cover 134A is displaced from the open state of FIG. 4C to the closed state of FIG. 4A. In this way, the movement range of the first cover 134A of the magazine cover 134 can be designed according to the shape (e.g., having a cam surface facing the rear side and the downward side) and position (e.g., the cam surface is located on the front side of the third abutment portion 156) of the guide cam 155, and the relative positions of the guide cam 155 and the third abutment portion 156. In particular, when the first cover 134A moves from the closed state of FIG. 4A to the open state of FIG. 4C, the first cover 134A moves downward along the guide cam 155 while maintaining the angle of the first cover 134A (e.g., the front surface of the first cover 134A is parallel to the vertical direction Z). In other words, the first cover 134A does not tilt in the front-rear direction Y. This makes it possible to shorten the movement range of the first cover 134A and to miniaturize the structure. However, the present invention does not restrict the angle change of the first cover 134A, and it can be adjusted as necessary.

[0070] Here, the opening / closing mechanism 150 has the first cam 151, the link member 152, the second cam 153, the second abutment portion 154, the guide cam 155, and the third abutment portion 156 as an example, but the guide cam 155 and the third abutment portion 156 may be omitted and the movement of the first cover 134A may be guided by other guide means. Also, the second cam 153 and the second abutment portion 154 may be omitted and the opening / closing operation of the second cover 134B may be linked to the opening / closing operation of the first cover 134A by other linking means. Also, here, the link member 152 has the pivot link 152A, the link arm 152B, the first abutment portion 152C, etc. as an example, but the specific structure may be adjusted as necessary. The above-mentioned opening / closing operation process of the tool magazine 130 of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B guided by the opening / closing mechanism 150 is merely one example of the present invention. For example, the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B are not limited to being opened in the front-rear direction Y during the movement of the tool magazine 130. As long as the opening and closing operations of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B and the movement of the tool magazine 130 are linked to each other and are performed by the abutment of the first cam 151 and the link member 152 of the opening and closing mechanism 150, the present invention does not limit the specific structure and operation method of the opening and closing mechanism 150, and adjustments can be made as necessary.

[0071] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C, the opening / closing mechanism 150 further includes a first biasing member 157. The first biasing member 157 is connected to the link member 152 and biases the first cover 134A to the closed state. As an example, the first biasing member 157 is a tension spring having one end connected to the rotating link 152A and the other end connected to the support member 136 of the tool magazine 130. When the first cover 134A is displaced from the closed state of FIG. 4A to the open state of FIG. 4C, the first biasing member 157 is stretched and an elastic force is accumulated due to the movement of the rotating link 152A of the link member 152 relative to the support member 136. When the first cover 134A is displaced from the open state of FIG. 4C to the closed state of FIG. 4A, the first biasing member 157 contracts and releases the elastic force, thereby assisting the movement of the rotating link 152A. As a result, the first cover 134A of the magazine cover 134 can be easily brought into a closed state by the first biasing member 157. In other words, the first cover 134A after being displaced into an open state can be easily returned to a closed state. Here, the first biasing member 157 is connected to the pivot link 152A of the link member 152 as an example, but the first biasing member 157 can also be connected to another member of the link member 152 or the first cover 134A. In addition, here, the first biasing member 157 is connected to the support member 136 as an example, but the first biasing member 157 can also be connected to another member of the tool magazine 130, as long as both opposing ends of the first biasing member 157 are connected to the fixing structure of the tool magazine 130 and the first cover 134A or the link member 152, respectively. The present invention does not limit the type, position, and connection method of the first biasing member 157, and can be adjusted as necessary. Alternatively, the installation of the first biasing member 157 can be omitted.

[0072] Similarly, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C, the opening / closing mechanism 150 further includes a second biasing member 158. The second biasing member 158 is connected to the second cover 134B and biases the second cover 134B to the closed state. As an example, the second biasing member 158 is a tension spring having one end connected to the second cover 134B and the other end connected to the tool holder 132 of the tool magazine 130. When the second cover 134B is displaced from the closed state of FIG. 4A to the open state of FIG. 4C, the second biasing member 158 is stretched and an elastic force is accumulated due to the movement of the second cover 134B relative to the tool holder 132. When the second cover 134B is displaced from the open state of FIG. 4C to the closed state of FIG. 4A, the second biasing member 158 contracts and releases the elastic force, thereby assisting the movement of the second cover 134B. As a result, the second cover 134B of the magazine cover 134 can be easily brought to a closed state by the second urging member 158. In other words, the second cover 134B after being displaced to an open state can be easily returned to a closed state. Here, the second urging member 158 is connected to the tool holder 132 as an example, but the second urging member 158 can also be connected to other members of the tool magazine 130, and it is sufficient that both opposing ends of the second urging member 158 are connected to the fixing structure of the tool magazine 130 and the second cover 134B, respectively. The present invention does not limit the type, position, and connection method of the second urging member 158, and can be adjusted as necessary. Alternatively, the installation of the second urging member 158 can be omitted.

[0073] Further, the specific structures of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B of the magazine cover 134 will be described. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C, when the first direction of the workpiece support part 120 is the front-rear direction Y, the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B are, for example, a front cover and a rear cover arranged side by side in the front-rear direction Y, and here, the first cover 134A covers at least the front and side of the tool holder 132, and the second cover 134B covers at least the upper and rear of the tool holder 132. As an example, the first cover 134A is provided as a cover having a front surface and a pair of left and right side surfaces, and the second cover 134B is provided as a cover having an upper surface and a rear surface. Preferably, the second cover 134B is also provided with a pair of left and right side surfaces, and the side surface of the second cover 134B is located inside the side surface of the first cover 134A and overlaps in the left-right direction X. The link arm 152B of the link member 152 described above is connected to, for example, a side surface of the first cover 134A, the second cam 153 is located, for example, on the side surface of the first cover 134A, and the second contact portion 154 is located, for example, on the side surface of the second cover 134B. This allows the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B of the magazine cover 134 to cover the tool holder 132 provided in the tool magazine 130 from the front-rear direction, the sides (left-right direction), and above, thereby blocking chips. When the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B are displaced to the open state, at least a part (e.g., upper end) of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B separate from each other, forming an opening at the top, thereby exposing the tool 20 supported by the tool holder 132, but the front-rear direction and the sides of the magazine cover 134 are still covered by the front surface of the first cover 134A, the rear surface of the second cover 134B, and the overlapping side surfaces of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B. On the other hand, when the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B are displaced to the closed state, at least a part (e.g., upper end) of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B approach each other, thereby covering the tool 20 supported by the tool holder 132.

[0074] As an example, in this embodiment, in the closed state of the magazine cover (as shown in FIG. 4A), the upper end of the first cover 134A is located above the second cover 134B. For example, the upper end of the front surface of the first cover 134A is bent backward to form a bent portion 134C, and the bent portion 134C at the upper end of the first cover 134A is positioned above the second cover 134B to cover the gap between the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B in the closed state. Furthermore, the first cover 134A has a covering portion 134D that covers the upper side of the second cam 153. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper end of the side surface of the first cover 134A is bent inward to form the covering portion 134D, so that the covering portion 134D of the first cover 134A can cover the upper side of the second cam 153 located on the inner surface of the first cover 134A. As a result, the first cover 134A of the magazine cover 134 can cover the second cam 153 from above, thereby blocking chips. Also, the upper end portion (e.g., the bent portion 134C) of the first cover 134A has an inclined surface that slopes downward toward the workpiece support portion 120 (e.g., forward). In contrast, the upper end portion (e.g., at least the upper half of the upper surface) of the second cover 134B has an inclined surface that slopes downward toward the direction away from the first cover 134A (e.g., rearward). As a result, during the machining process, chips that have fallen onto the magazine cover 134 tend to fall along the inclined surface to the front side of the first cover 134A and the rear side of the second cover 134B, thereby making it difficult for chips to accumulate on the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B of the magazine cover 134. In particular, when the magazine cover 134 is displaced from the closed state to the open state, the first cover 134A moves in a direction approaching the workpiece support part 120 (for example, forward), and the second cover 134B moves in a direction away from the first cover 134A (for example, backward). Thus, by setting the inclination direction of the inclined surface corresponding to the movement direction of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B, even if chips fall on the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B during the machining process, the chips are unlikely to pass through the opening between the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B and enter the inside of the magazine cover 134 during the tool replacement process. This allows the magazine cover 134 to have an excellent protective effect.

[0075] Here, the magazine cover 134 has a first cover 134A as a front cover and a second cover 134B as a rear cover, but the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B may be covers arranged side by side in other directions, as long as the opening and closing operations of the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B are mutually linked to the movement of the tool magazine 130 by the work support part 120, and the magazine cover 134 can block chips by covering the tool holder 132 provided on the tool magazine 130 from the front-rear direction, the sides (left-right direction), and above. Further, in the above example, the magazine cover 134 has the first cover 134A and the second cover 134B that can move relatively to form an opening, but the magazine cover 134 may have a cover structure with a front, a rear, an upper surface, a side surface, etc., and may have only the first cover 134A that is configured to cover the tool holder 132 provided in the tool magazine 130 from the front-rear direction, the side (left-right direction), and above, and can expose the tool 20 supported by the tool holder 132 by rotating. As long as the magazine cover 134 can cover the periphery of the tool holder 132 and can be opened and closed by the opening / closing mechanism 150 during the movement of the tool magazine 130, the present invention does not limit the specific structure or operation method of the magazine cover 134, and adjustments can be made as necessary.

[0076] As can be seen from the above description, the magazine cover 134 of the tool magazine 130 can be opened and closed during the process of moving the tool magazine 130 by the workpiece support unit 120, and thus the machine tool 100 can close the magazine cover 134 in the machining process (corresponding to the first operation state in FIG. 1) and open the magazine cover 134 in the tool replacement process (corresponding to the second operation state in FIG. 2). As an example, FIGS. 5A to 5J show schematic views of the operation of the machine tool 100 in the tool replacement process, in which the tool 20 is removed from the spindle 110 and the tool 20 in the tool magazine 130 is attached to the spindle 110. First, in FIG. 5A, the machine tool 100 finishes the machining process, and the first drive mechanism 160 moves the spindle 110 upward in the vertical direction as the second direction, and the spindle 110 is separated from the workpiece support unit 120. 5B, the moving mechanism 140 moves the work support part 120 forward in the front-rear direction Y as a first direction, and the tool magazine 130 located behind the work support part 120 moves forward toward a predetermined position and directly below the spindle 110 to facilitate the tool replacement process. At the same time, in the process of moving the tool magazine 130, the magazine cover 134 is displaced from a closed state to an open state, and the tool 20 supported by the tool holder 132 is exposed.

[0077] Next, in Fig. 5C, the first driving mechanism 160 moves the spindle 110 downward in the vertical direction Z as the second direction to approach the tool holder 132, so that the tool 20 attached to the spindle 110 is positioned on the front side of the tool holder 132. The positions of the tool 20 attached to the spindle 110 and the tool holder 132 in the front-rear direction Y are determined in the step of Fig. 5B. Next, in Fig. 5D, the movement mechanism 140 moves the work support part 120 forward in the front-rear direction Y as the first direction, so that the tool 20 attached to the spindle 110 enters from the front side of the tool holder 132 into an opening on the front side of the grip 132a provided on the tool holder 132, whereby the tool 20 is supported by the tool holder 132 by being gripped by the grip 132a. 5E, the spindle 110 is released from the attached tool 20, and the first drive mechanism 160 moves the spindle 110 upward in the vertical direction Z as the second direction and away from the tool holder 132, whereby the released tool 20 is removed from the spindle 110 and left in the tool holder 132. Next, in FIG. 5F, the second drive mechanism 170 moves the spindle 110 in the horizontal direction X as the second direction to the position of the next tool 20, so that the spindle 110 is positioned directly above the next tool 20.

[0078] Next, in FIG. 5G, the first driving mechanism 160 moves the spindle 110 downward in the vertical direction Z as the second direction, so as to approach the tool holder 132, and the spindle 110 is coupled with the next tool 20. Next, in FIG. 5H, the moving mechanism 140 moves the workpiece support part 120 backward in the front-rear direction Y as the first direction, so as to move the tool 20 attached to the spindle 110 away from the front opening of the grip 132a provided on the tool holder 132 on the front side of the tool holder 132, whereby the support of the tool 20 by the tool holder 132 is released, and the tool 20 is removed from the tool holder 132. Next, in FIG. 5I, the first driving mechanism 160 moves the spindle 110 upward in the vertical direction Z as the second direction, so as to move the spindle 110 away from the tool magazine 130. 5J, machine tool 100 finishes the tool changing process, and moving mechanism 140 moves workpiece support 120 rearward in forward / rearward direction Y as a first direction, and moves workpiece support 120 toward the machining position, so that workpiece support 120 is positioned directly below spindle 110, making it easier to perform the machining process. At the same time, in the process of moving tool magazine 130, magazine cover 134 is displaced from an open state to a closed state, and covers tool 20 supported by tool holder 132. However, the above content is merely one example of the tool changing process of machine tool 100 of the present invention, and the steps can be adjusted as necessary (for example, the specific structure and relative positions of each member of machine tool 100), and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0079] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the machine tool 100 further includes two support columns 190. The support columns 190 support the spindle 110 and are provided at an interval in a second direction (for example, left-right direction X) perpendicular to the first direction (front-rear direction Y). For example, the two support columns 190 are provided at an interval in the second direction (for example, left-right direction X) on the above-mentioned base part 180, and support the spindle 110 on the upper side of the base part 180. The first drive mechanism 160 and the second drive mechanism 170 used to make the spindle 110 movable can also be supported on the upper side of the base part 180 by the two support columns 190, but are not limited to this. Furthermore, the tool magazine 130 can pass between the two support columns 190. In other words, the interval between the two support columns 190 in the left-right direction X is larger than the size of the tool magazine 130 in the left-right direction X, and the movement range of the tool magazine 130 in the first direction (front-rear direction Y) passes between the two support columns 190. As a result, the movement range of the tool magazine 130 can pass through the main body structure of the machine tool 100, and the size of the machine tool 100 in the first direction (front-back direction Y) can be shortened. Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 6, the machine tool 100 can also move the tool magazine 130 in a direction further away from the machining area (for example, backward) in the machining process, and this allows the workpiece support unit 120 to secure a larger machining area in the first direction. In this case, since the tool magazine 130 can pass between the two support columns 190, even if the movement range of the tool magazine 130 is increased by providing the tool magazine 130 at a position away from the workpiece support unit 120, it is not necessary to increase the size of the machine tool 100 in the first direction. This allows the structure to be made compact. However, in other embodiments not shown, the spindle 110 can be supported by other structures (for example, one support column extending in the up-down direction Z), and the present invention does not limit the specific structure and number of the support columns 190, and these can be adjusted as necessary.

[0080] In summary, in the machine tool of the present invention, the opening and closing operation of the magazine cover is linked to the movement of the tool magazine by the work support part, and in the process of moving the tool magazine, the link member connected to the magazine cover abuts against the first cam, and the magazine cover is displaced from the closed state to the open state by the guidance of the link member of the first cam. As a result, the moving speed and moving range of the tool magazine can be designed according to the shape and position of the first cam, so there is no need to excessively reduce the moving speed of the tool magazine. Examples of the mechanisms and members of the machine tool are as described above, but are not limited to these. Therefore, the tool changing efficiency of the machine tool of the present invention can be improved.

[0081] Finally, the above embodiments are only used to describe the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features can be replaced with equivalents. Moreover, such modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0082] 20: Tools 100: Machine tools 110: Main shaft 120: Work support part 122: Table 124: Rotation mechanism 126: Foundation 130: Tool magazine 132: Tool holder 132a:Grip 134: Magazine cover 134A: First cover 134B: 2nd cover 134C: Bent section 134D: Covering part 136: Support member 140: Movement mechanism 142: Moving guide section 150: Opening and closing mechanism 151: First Cam 152: Link material 152A: Rotating link 152B: Link arm 152C: 1st contact part 152D: Connection piece 153: 2nd Cam 154:Second contact part 155: Guidance Cam 156: Third contact part 157: First biasing member 158: Second biasing member 160: First drive mechanism 162: First drive guide part 170: Second drive mechanism 172: Second drive guide part 180: Base section 190: Prop A: Rotation axis A1: First axis A2: 2nd axis E1, E3: 1st end E2, E4: 2nd end X: Left / right direction Y: Front-rear direction Z: Vertical direction

Claims

1. a spindle used to attach a tool; a workpiece support portion for supporting a workpiece to be machined by the tool attached to the spindle; a tool magazine provided on the work support portion and including a tool holder for supporting a plurality of tools and an openable / closable magazine cover for covering the periphery of the tool holder; A moving mechanism that moves the work support part in a first direction; an opening / closing mechanism for opening and closing the magazine cover, The opening and closing mechanism includes: A first cam; a link member connected to the magazine cover, the link member abutting against the first cam when the moving mechanism moves the work support portion, thereby displacing the magazine cover from a closed state to an open state; A machine tool comprising:

2. The machine tool according to claim 1 , wherein the position of the first cam in the first direction overlaps with a movement range of the work support portion.

3. Further comprising a base portion supporting the work support portion, 3. The machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the first cam is located on the base portion.

4. the first direction is a front-to-rear direction, 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool magazine is disposed behind the workpiece support portion.

5. The magazine cover has a first cover, The link member is a rotating link having a first contact portion that contacts the first cam and that rotates when the first cam contacts the first contact portion; a link arm connected to the rotating link and the first cover, the link arm displacing the first cover to an open state by rotation of the rotating link; 5. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising:

6. 6. The machine tool according to claim 5, wherein an upper end of the first cover has an inclined surface that slopes downward in a direction approaching the work support portion.

7. The magazine cover further includes a second cover facing the first cover, The opening and closing mechanism further comprises: A second cam located on the first cover; a second abutment portion that abuts against the second cam and is located on the second cover; Equipped with When the first cover is displaced to the open state by the link arm, the second cam moves while being in contact with the second contact portion, thereby displacing the second cover to the open state.

6. The machine tool according to claim 5.

8. The opening and closing mechanism further comprises: a first biasing member connected to the link member and biasing the first cover to a closed state; a second biasing member connected to the second cover and biasing the second cover to a closed state; 8. The machine tool according to claim 7, further comprising:

9. 8. The machine tool according to claim 7, wherein, in the closed state of the magazine cover, an upper end of the first cover is positioned higher than an upper end of the second cover.

10. 8. The machine tool according to claim 7, wherein an upper end of the second cover has an inclined surface that slopes downward in a direction away from the first cover.

11. The first direction is a front-rear direction, The first cover covers at least the front and sides of the tool holder, The machine tool according to claim 7 , wherein the second cover covers at least an upper part and a rear part of the tool holder.

12. The machine tool according to claim 11, wherein the first cover has a covering portion that covers an upper portion of the second cam.

13. The tool magazine further includes a support member that supports the tool holder. The opening and closing mechanism further includes: a guide cam located on the support member and guiding the movement of the link arm; a third contact portion located on the link arm and contacting the guide cam; 8. The machine tool according to claim 7, further comprising:

14. The machine tool according to claim 13, wherein the first cover moves downward along the guide cam while maintaining an angle of the first cover during the transition from the closed state to the open state.

15. The machine tool according to claim 13 , wherein the first contact portion, the second contact portion and the third contact portion are rollers.

16. The machine tool according to claim 13, wherein each of the cam surfaces of the first cam, the second cam and the guide cam faces in a direction away from the workpiece support portion.

17. The pivot link pivots about a first axis relative to the support member, The machine tool according to claim 13 , wherein the second cover rotates about a second axis relative to the support member.

18. The work support portion is A table for fixing the workpiece; a rotation mechanism that rotates the table around a horizontal axis; 5. The machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising:

19. 5. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the spindle is movable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

20. The spindle is supported by two pillars spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool magazine is capable of passing between the two support columns.

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