Detergent and method for producing the same

Abstract

To provide a detergent which is free of a surfactant and contains by-product glycerin, the detergent having high viscosity and high detergency.SOLUTION: A detergent employs by-product glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel fuel production, the detergent containing by-product glycerin, linalyl acetate, and linalool, and being free of a surfactant. Alternatively, a detergent employs by-product glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel fuel production, the detergent containing by-product glycerin and lavender essential oil, and being free of a surfactant.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a detergent and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a technique for using by-product glycerin, which is a by-product in the production process of biodiesel fuel, as a component of the detergent.

Background Art

[0002] Biodiesel fuel is a fuel for diesel engines made from oils and fats such as waste cooking oil, and is attracting attention as an alternative fuel to fossil fuels from the viewpoint of carbon neutrality and the like. Industrially, biodiesel fuel is mainly produced by the transesterification reaction of oils and fats with alcohol. In the production process of biodiesel fuel, fatty acid alkyl esters, which become biodiesel fuel, are produced by reducing the molecular weight of triglycerides, which are the main components of oils and fats. At that time, glycerin waste liquid is generated as a by-product. Since the glycerin waste liquid contains a lot of impurities, it has been mostly discarded in the past.

[0003] On the other hand, in recent years, various attempts have been made to effectively utilize the glycerin waste liquid generated in the production process of biodiesel fuel (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 discloses using crude glycerin by-produced in the production process of biodiesel fuel using waste vegetable oil as a raw material as a material for a detergent. Specifically, in the one described in Patent Document 1, a first solution is prepared by adding and dissolving caustic soda and caustic potash as an alkali catalyst in soft water, adding the first solution to crude glycerin, dissolving it with stirring, and then kneading it to form a second solution. A third solution is prepared by adding more soft water to the second solution and stirring, and the detergent is obtained by heating the third solution until it boils and then cooling it. Since the detergent of this Patent Document 1 does not contain a surfactant, it has the merit of being able to reduce the impact on the environment.

[0004] In addition, the applicant of the present application manufactures biodiesel fuel using waste cooking oil as a raw material, and utilizes the glycerin waste liquid by-produced in the process of manufacturing biodiesel fuel to provide a detergent called Glypon (registered trademark), which is a natural detergent that does not use surfactants.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, detergents that do not contain surfactants have low viscosity, and the detergent sprayed on the soiled area spreads immediately or drips. In this case, there is a concern that the detergent does not come into sufficient contact with stubborn stains, and the detergency derived from glycerin cannot be fully exerted.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the main object thereof is to provide a detergent that does not contain a surfactant, contains by-produced glycerin, and has high viscosity and detergency.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The inventors of the present invention variously studied natural components capable of increasing the viscosity of by-produced glycerin by-produced in the process of manufacturing biodiesel fuel. As a result, it was found that by blending a specific component with the by-produced glycerin, the viscosity of the detergent can be increased while maintaining the detergency exerted by glycerin at a high level, and the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the following means are provided according to the present invention.

[0009] 〔1〕 A detergent using by-produced glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel fuel production, the detergent containing the by-produced glycerin, linalyl acetate, and linalool, and not containing a surfactant. 〔2〕 A detergent using by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production, the detergent containing the by - product glycerin and lavender essential oil and not containing a surfactant. 〔3〕 The detergent according to the above 〔1〕 or 〔2〕, wherein the content of linalyl acetate is 0.05 - 1.0%. 〔4〕 The detergent according to any one of the above 〔1〕 - 〔3〕, wherein the pH is 7.2 - 11.0. 〔5〕 A method for producing a detergent, the method including a step of mixing by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production, linalyl acetate, and linalool, wherein the detergent does not contain a surfactant. 〔6〕 A method for producing a detergent, the method including a step of mixing by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production and lavender essential oil, wherein the detergent does not contain a surfactant.

Advantages of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a detergent that does not contain a surfactant, contains by - product glycerin, and exhibits high viscosity and high detergency. Further, the detergent of the present invention can mitigate the odor derived from by - product glycerin by containing linalyl acetate and linalool, and can be made into a detergent with a pleasant fragrance. Furthermore, it can be made into an environmentally friendly detergent.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] The following describes matters related to the present disclosure. In this specification, a numerical range described using "~" includes the numerical values described before and after "~" as the lower limit value and the upper limit value. Unless otherwise specified for each component, one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.

[0013] ≪Detergent≫ The detergent of the present disclosure is a recycled detergent containing by-product glycerin, which is a by-product during the production of biodiesel fuel, as a cleaning component. The detergent does not contain a surfactant. One aspect of the detergent of the present disclosure contains by-product glycerin, linalyl acetate, and linalool. Another aspect of the detergent of the present disclosure contains by-product glycerin and lavender essential oil. First, the components contained in the detergent of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.

[0014] (By-product glycerin) By-product glycerin is obtained by transesterification or hydrolysis of fats and oils in the production process of biodiesel fuel. In an industrial production process of biodiesel fuel, generally, biodiesel fuel is produced using transesterification. Specifically, using fats and oils as raw materials and reacting fats and oils with alcohol, the triglyceride, which is the main component of fats and oils, is reduced in molecular weight. Thereby, fatty acid alkyl esters are produced, and glycerin (i.e., by-product glycerin) is produced as a by-product. The fatty acid alkyl esters produced by the reaction of fats and oils with alcohol are used as biodiesel fuel. On the other hand, in the present disclosure, by-product glycerin, which is a by-product in the production process of biodiesel fuel, is used as the main component of the detergent.

[0015] The fats and oils used in the transesterification reaction are not particularly limited and may be vegetable fats and oils or animal fats and oils. Specific examples of vegetable fats and oils include rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, soybean oil, rice bran oil, sunflower oil, etc. Specific examples of animal fats and oils include beef tallow, lard, fish oil, etc. Also, waste oil (for example, waste cooking oil used for cooking) can be used as the fats and oils. Using by-product glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel fuel produced by recycling waste cooking oil, as a cleaning component of the detergent of the present disclosure is preferable from the viewpoints of carbon neutrality and resource recycling.

[0016] As the alcohol used in the transesterification reaction, methanol or ethanol is generally used in terms of cost and ease of distillation. In the transesterification reaction, for reasons such as being inexpensive, an alkaline catalyst is industrially used as the transesterification catalyst, and a method (alkaline catalyst method) of performing the transesterification reaction in the presence of an alkaline catalyst is common. As the alkaline catalyst, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide is used. Among these, potassium hydroxide is preferable.

[0017] By the transesterification reaction of fats and oils and alcohol, a glycerin waste liquid containing by-product glycerin is obtained. The glycerin waste liquid mainly consists of glycerin and contains unreacted alcohol, unreacted fats and oils, transesterification catalyst, etc. as impurities. Typical examples of the composition of the glycerin waste liquid are as follows. Glycerin content: 40 - 80% by mass Alcohol content: 1 - 20% by mass Transesterification catalyst content: 2 - 20% by mass

[0018] The pH of the glycerin waste liquid is about 9.0 - 12.0. The glycerin waste liquid may be used as a cleaning component for preparing the detergent of the present disclosure after various purification treatments such as alkali treatment, ion exchange, distillation, etc. are performed as necessary.

[0019] (Linalyl acetate and linalool) Linalyl acetate is the acetate ester of linalool. Linalool is a monoterpene alcohol represented by the molecular formula C 10 H 18 O. Both linalyl acetate and linalool are the main components of lavender essential oil. Here, essential oil is an oil extracted from natural materials such as the flowers, leaves, fruit peels, fruits, heartwood, roots, seeds, barks, resins, etc. of plants, and generally contains volatile and aromatic organic compounds. Essential oil is also referred to as essential oil.

[0020] Linalyl acetate and linalool are preferably included in the detergent of the present disclosure by being blended with by-product glycerin using lavender essential oil (that is, via lavender essential oil). The variety of lavender used as the raw material for lavender essential oil is not particularly limited. Examples of lavender varieties include true lavender (also referred to as true lavender, English lavender), spike lavender, lavandin lavender, woolly lavender, dentata lavender, stoechas lavender, pinnata lavender, etc. Among these, the lavender essential oil used in the preparation of the detergent of the present disclosure is preferably an essential oil derived from true lavender.

[0021] The method for extracting essential oil is not particularly limited either, and essential oils obtained by various methods such as steam distillation method, solvent extraction method, pressing method, etc. can be used. Generally, the concentration of linalyl acetate in lavender essential oil is about 30 - 50% by mass, and the concentration of linalool is about 20 - 45% by mass.

[0022] In addition, as the aromatic components of lavender essential oil, in addition to linalyl acetate and linalool, as terpene hydrocarbons, cis-β-ocimene, trans-β-ocimene; as terpene alcohols, terpinene-4-ol, α-terpineol, lavandulol; as esters, lavandulyl acetate; as oxides, 1,8-cineole, β-farnesene; as oxides, 1,8-cineole + β-farnesene; as ketones, 3-octanone, camphor; etc. can be mentioned.

[0023] In the detergent of the present disclosure, the content of linalyl acetate is preferably 0.05 to 1.0% by mass based on the total amount of the detergent in that it can moderately increase the viscosity of the detergent while suppressing emulsification caused by the blending of linalyl acetate. From the viewpoint of further enhancing the effect of improving the viscosity of the detergent, the content of linalyl acetate is more preferably 0.07% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the detergent. Also, from the viewpoint of suppressing emulsification due to an excessive content of linalyl acetate, or the viscosity of the detergent becoming too high resulting in a decrease in the handleability of the detergent, or the odor becoming too strong, the content of linalyl acetate is more preferably 0.7% by mass or less, and even more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the detergent.

[0024] Also, the content of linalool is preferably 0.05 to 1.0% by mass based on the total amount of the detergent from the same viewpoint as linalyl acetate. The content of linalool is more preferably 0.07% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the detergent. Also, the content of linalool is more preferably 0.7% by mass or less, and even more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the detergent.

[0025] When using lavender essential oil as a raw material for linalyl acetate and linalool, the content of lavender essential oil in the detergent can be appropriately set according to the type of lavender essential oil used so that the respective contents of linalyl acetate and linalool are within the above-mentioned preferred ranges. Specifically, from the viewpoint of maintaining good detergency of the detergent while increasing the viscosity of the detergent, the content of lavender essential oil is preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the detergent. Also, from the viewpoint of suppressing emulsification caused by the blending of lavender essential oil, the content of lavender essential oil is preferably 3.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 2.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the detergent.

[0026] In the detergent of the present disclosure, the content of glycerin (i.e., by-product glycerin) is preferably 1 to 15% by mass based on the total amount of the detergent. From the viewpoint of enhancing detergency, the content of glycerin is more preferably 2% by mass or more, and even more preferably 3% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the detergent. Also, the content of glycerin is more preferably 10% by mass or less, and even more preferably 7% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the detergent.

[0027] The detergent of the present disclosure may contain other components other than those described above. Examples of other components include alkaline components, water, EM bacteria, and the like.

[0028] Examples of alkaline components include potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and the like. Among these, potassium hydroxide is preferred. The content of the alkaline component in the detergent can be appropriately set so that the pH of the detergent falls within a desired range. Specifically, the content of the alkaline component is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the detergent.

[0029] From the viewpoint of being user-friendly and environmentally friendly for the user, the detergent of the present disclosure preferably contains water, and more preferably is an aqueous detergent having water as a main component. When the detergent of the present disclosure contains water, from the viewpoints of improving detergency and suppressing the mixing and propagation of microorganisms, alkaline ion water can preferably be used as the water. The pH of the alkaline ion water is, for example, 9.0 to 10.0. The content of water in the detergent is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, even more preferably 80% by mass or more, and still more preferably 90% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the detergent. The upper limit of the content of water in the detergent is, for example, 99% by mass or less, and preferably 97% by mass or less.

[0030] The pH of the detergent of the present disclosure is preferably from 7.2 to 11.0. By setting the pH to 7.2 or higher, a detergent with sufficiently high detergency can be obtained. Also, by setting the pH of the detergent to 11.0 or lower, the effects of suppressing skin roughness, redness, etc. on the user can be enhanced, and it is also easy to use as a household detergent. In terms of being able to maintain the balance between detergency and gentleness to the skin, the pH of the detergent is more preferably 7.4 or higher, and even more preferably 7.6 or higher. Also, the pH of the detergent is preferably 10.0 or lower, and even more preferably 9.0 or lower.

[0031] The detergent of the present disclosure is a detergent that does not use a surfactant. Here, a surfactant is a substance in which molecules are composed of a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group, and the length of the hydrocarbon group constituting the lipophilic group is a certain length or more (specifically, 8 or more carbon atoms). While surfactants exhibit high detergency against oils and the like due to their special molecular structure, there are cases where there are concerns about their effects on the human body and the environment depending on the type and usage method. On the other hand, the detergent of the present disclosure does not contain a surfactant and is composed of natural-derived components, so it is also environmentally friendly and has high safety.

[0032] (Manufacturing method) The detergent of the present disclosure can be obtained by mixing each component constituting the detergent. Specifically, the following first method and second method can be mentioned. First method: A method including a step of mixing by-product glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel fuel production, linalyl acetate, and linalool Second method: A method including a step of mixing by-product glycerin, which is a by-product of biodiesel fuel production, and lavender essential oil

[0033] In the first method, the blending amounts of linalyl acetate and linalool are preferably such that the concentrations of the respective components in the final product detergent are within the above-described preferred ranges. Similarly, in the second method, the blending amount of lavender essential oil is preferably such that the amount of lavender essential oil in the final product detergent is within the above-described preferred range.

[0034] The method for obtaining the detergent of the present disclosure by mixing the respective components is not particularly limited. When mixing the respective components, the liquid containing the other component may be added all at once to the liquid containing one component, or may be added continuously or in portions. As an example of a specific method, a method of adding a liquid containing linalyl acetate and linalool to a liquid containing by-product glycerin and water can be mentioned. From the viewpoint of obtaining a detergent with a uniform composition, it is advisable to stir the composition containing each component. The temperature and pressure during mixing are not particularly limited, and usually, it can be carried out under normal temperature and pressure.

[0035] When mixing the respective components, other components described above may be further blended. The blending amount of the other components can be appropriately set according to the type of the other components. For example, the alkaline component may be blended while adjusting so that the pH of the resulting detergent falls within the above-mentioned preferred range.

[0036] The detergent of the present disclosure thus obtained is composed of naturally-derived components and is environmentally friendly because it does not use surfactants. Moreover, the detergent of the present disclosure has high detergency and is moderately viscous, so that it can suppress the occurrence of liquid spreading and dripping when applied to a soiled area. As a result, even stubborn oil stains can be easily removed by a simple operation of applying the detergent of the present disclosure to the area where the stain adheres (for example, spraying, brushing, dipping, etc.) and then removing the detergent by running water or wiping. Such detergents of the present disclosure can be widely used as detergents for removing acidic stains, as industrial detergents, and as household detergents.

Examples

[0037] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the following examples and comparative examples, "parts" and "%" are based on mass unless otherwise specified.

[0038] 1. Preparation of Detergent [Example 1] To the product name "Gripone" (registered trademark, Keinan Green Co., Ltd.), lavender essential oil (extracted from true lavender by steam distillation and obtained from Life Tree Co., Ltd.) was added and stirred to obtain a detergent containing 0.5% lavender essential oil (this is referred to as "Detergent A"). The pH of Detergent A was measured 3 times with a pH meter, and the average value of the 3 measurement values was determined to be pH = 8.61. The amount of linalyl acetate in Detergent A was 0.185%, and the amount of linalool was 0.160%. Note that Detergent A does not contain a surfactant. The main components of the lavender essential oil used are as follows. (Main components of lavender essential oil) Linalyl acetate 36.90% Linalool 31.90% [Example 2] A detergent (this is referred to as "Detergent B") was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of lavender essential oil was changed from 0.5% to 1.0%. The amount of linalyl acetate in Detergent B was 0.370%, and the amount of linalool was 0.319%.

[0039] [Comparative Example 1] The product name "Gripone" was used as it is as a detergent (this is referred to as "Detergent C"). When the pH of Detergent C was measured with a pH meter, it was pH = 13.4. Detergent C has a by-product glycerin content of 5% by mass and a potassium concentration of 2% by mass, and the rest is water. [Comparative Examples 2 - 4] Instead of lavender essential oil, 3 different blend essential oils (obtained from Life Tree Co., Ltd., and referred to as blend essential oil (1), blend essential oil (2), and blend essential oil (3) respectively) were used. Detergents (each detergent is referred to as "Detergent D" - "Detergent F") were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Note that for blend essential oils (1) - (3), essential oils that do not contain linalyl acetate were used. The main components of the blend essential oils used are as follows. Blend essential oil (1): Limonene, citronellal Blend essential oil (2): Limonene, linalool Blend essential oil (3): Limonene, citral

[0040] 2. Evaluation [Evaluation of Viscosity and Detergency] Using the detergents of Example 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4, the viscosity and detergency of the detergents were evaluated. The evaluation was carried out as follows. · Operating Procedure First, a line about 10 cm long was drawn on a cloth (rag) with a black oil-based pen. Each detergent was dropped onto the line drawn with the pen and left for 1 - 2 minutes. The amount of detergent dropped onto the line was made the same for each example. Then, running water was poured onto the cloth to wash off the detergent. · Viscosity Evaluation The spreading degree of the detergent when it was dropped onto the line was visually observed, and the viscosity of the detergent was evaluated based on the spreading degree. The less the detergent spread, the higher and better the viscosity of the detergent. For the evaluation, when the detergent did not spread much from the line and remained on or near the line when dropped onto the line drawn on the cloth, it was rated as "Good (○)"; when the detergent spread greatly from the line, it was rated as "Bad (×)". The results are shown in Table 1. · Detergency Evaluation The disappearance condition of the ink of the black oil-based pen after running water was poured onto the cloth was visually observed, and the detergency was evaluated based on the disappearance condition of the ink. The evaluation was carried out with Comparative Example 1 as the reference. When the line disappeared equally as in Comparative Example 1, it was rated as "Good (○)"; when the ink remained darker than in Comparative Example 1, it was rated as "Bad (×)". The results are shown in Table 1.

[0041]

Table 1

[0042] [Evaluation by Microscope] Detergent A of Example 1 and detergent C of Comparative Example 1 were observed with a digital microscope (magnification: 1,000 times) to examine the state of the molecules in the detergents. The images observed with the digital microscope are shown in Fig. 1 (detergent A) and Fig. 2 (detergent C). Aggregate-like substances were not seen in detergent C that did not contain lavender essential oil (Fig. 2), whereas aggregate-like substances (white portions in Fig. 1) were densely confirmed in detergent A that contained lavender essential oil. From these results, it is considered that aggregates are formed by blending lavender essential oil with by-product glycerin, and the formation of these aggregates contributes to the improvement of the viscosity of the detergent.

[0043] As shown in the above results, detergents A and B containing lavender essential oil had high viscosity and excellent detergency. In addition, although detergents A and B use by-product glycerin as a cleaning component, they have a pleasant scent due to the fragrance derived from lavender essential oil, and no findings such as hand dryness, itching, or redness were observed even when touched. Thus, the reasons why detergents A and B were able to achieve both detergency and gentleness to the skin are considered to be that the pH of the detergent could be lowered by blending lavender essential oil, and that although the detergency might decrease due to the pH decrease, the detergency was ensured by lavender essential oil.

Claims

1. A detergent using by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production, the detergent containing the by - product glycerin, linalyl acetate, and linalool, and not containing a surfactant.

2. A detergent using by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production, the detergent containing the by - product glycerin and lavender essential oil, and not containing a surfactant.

3. The detergent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of linalyl acetate is 0.05 to 1.0% by mass.

4. The detergent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pH is 7.2 to 11.

0.

5. A method for producing a detergent, the detergent not containing a surfactant, the method for producing a detergent including a step of mixing by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production, linalyl acetate, and linalool.

6. A method for producing a detergent, the detergent not containing a surfactant, the method for producing a detergent including a step of mixing by - product glycerin which is a by - product of biodiesel fuel production and lavender essential oil.

Images