Design support apparatus, design support method, and design support program

Abstract

To provide a design support apparatus, a design support method, and a design support program for supporting designing an exterior shape of a building considering a pedestrian flow.SOLUTION: A support apparatus 20 includes a control unit 21 which supports designing a structure. The control unit 21 acquires design information of the structure, specifies a walking area around the structure, using the design information of the structure, and specifies an initial position where a pedestrian starts moving and a target position where the pedestrian finishes moving. The control unit 21 creates a heat map of a pedestrian distribution from the initial position to the target position in the walking area, and specifies a surplus area in which an additional object can be disposed, using the heat map.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a design support device, a design support method, and a design support program for supporting the design of buildings.

Background Art

[0002] When designing a building, the design of the exterior structure of the building, such as planting, parking areas, and fences, is also carried out. This exterior structure is a factor that determines the usability and appearance impression of the entire building. For this reason, technologies for proposing an exterior structure plan that suits the preferences of future residents have also been studied (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). In the technology described in this document, in the learning data storage unit, learning data representing site information, building information, exterior structure information, resident information including the attribute information of residents, and evaluation information regarding the exterior structure of residents is stored for buildings with a determined exterior structure. Then, exterior structure plan information regarding exterior structure members and the arrangement of exterior structure members is output from the target information and the learned model learned in advance from the learning data.

[0003] In addition, in a building, since people flow occurs, a people flow distribution prediction device for predicting the people flow distribution has also been studied (for example, refer to Patent Document 2). The people flow distribution prediction device described in this document extracts, in the prediction unit, for each frame of the prediction target area, object feature amounts indicating the distance from the representative position of the frame to surrounding objects and the types of objects. Next, for each frame of the learning target area, the people flow distribution in the prediction target area is predicted based on the people flow distribution model learned by associating the people flow information including the movement and stagnation of people in each frame with the object feature amounts, and the object feature amounts.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, even in the design of structures such as the exterior structure, if the flow of people is not considered, the usability of the structure will deteriorate.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The design support system for solving the above problems includes a control unit that supports the design of a structure. Then, the control unit acquires the design information of the structure, uses the acquired design information of the structure to identify the walkable area around the structure, identifies the initial position where a pedestrian starts moving and the target position where the movement ends, creates a heat map of the pedestrian distribution from the initial position to the target position in the walkable area, and uses the heat map to identify the surplus area where an add-on can be placed.

Advantages of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to support the design of a structure considering the flow of people.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, according to FIGS. 1 to 4, an embodiment in which a design support device, a design support method, and a design support program are embodied will be described. In this embodiment, a design support device, a design support method, and a design support program used when constructing the exterior structure (additions) of a building in consideration of the movement of pedestrians (people) (human flow) will be described. In this embodiment, as the exterior structure, the layout design of planting is supported. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a user device 10 and a support device 20 are used.

[0010] (Description of Hardware Configuration) Using FIG. 2, the hardware configuration of the information processing device H10 that constitutes the user device 10 and the support device 20 will be described. The information processing device H10 includes a communication device H11, an input device H12, a display device H13, a storage device H14, and a processor H15. Note that this hardware configuration is an example, and it is also possible to be realized by other hardware.

[0011] The communication device H11 is an interface that establishes a communication path with other devices and executes data transmission and reception, and is, for example, a network interface, a wireless interface, or the like.

[0012] The input device H12 is a device that receives input of various information, and is, for example, a mouse, a keyboard, or the like. The display device H13 is a display or the like that displays various information. The storage device H14 is a storage device that stores data and various programs for executing various functions of the user device 10 and the support device 20. Examples of the storage device H14 include a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk, and the like.

[0013] The processor H15 controls each process in the user device 10 and the support device 20 using the programs and data stored in the storage device H14. Examples of the processor H15 include, for example, a CPU, an MPU, and the like. This processor H15 expands the program stored in the ROM or the like into the RAM and executes various processes for each process.

[0014] Processor H15 is not limited to performing software processing for all processes it executes. For example, processor H15 may include a dedicated hardware circuit (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit: ASIC) that performs hardware processing for at least a part of the processes it executes. That is, processor H15 may be configured as follows.

[0015] 〔1〕One or more processors that operate according to a computer program (software), 〔2〕One or more dedicated hardware circuits that execute at least a part of various processes, or 〔3〕A combination thereof, including circuitry The processor includes a CPU and memories such as a RAM and a ROM, and the memories store program codes or instructions configured to cause the CPU to execute processes. The memory, i.e., the computer-readable medium, includes any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or dedicated computer.

[0016] (System Configuration) Next, each function of the design support system will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The user device 10 is a computer terminal used by a person in charge of designing a building.

[0017] The support device 20 is a computer system (design support system) that supports the design of a building in BIM. This support device 20 includes a control unit 21, a design information storage unit 22, and an analysis result storage unit 23.

[0018] The control unit 21 functions as a management unit 211, an analysis unit 212, and a support unit 213 by executing a design support program. The management unit 211 acquires design information including structures such as a building to be processed, and weights each element constituting the design information. The analysis unit 212 executes a process of analyzing the flow of people by Monte Carlo simulation. The support unit 213 executes a process of supporting the design of the exterior structure.

[0019] In the design information storage unit 22, design information including the building created in BIM and its surrounding environment (block) is recorded. This design information is recorded when the building is designed using BIM. The building design information includes basic information, element models, placement information, and attribute information.

[0020] The basic information includes information regarding the building identifier, the name of the construction site, longitude, latitude, etc. The element model is information regarding the three-dimensional models (objects) of the respective elements that make up the structures related to the building. This element model includes not only the building but also the structures around the building (for example, blocks such as sidewalks). In addition, the element model of add-ons (plantings in this embodiment) for which the placement has not been determined is also included.

[0021] The placement information includes information regarding the coordinates for placing each element model. Note that the placement information corresponding to the element model of an add-on for which the placement has not been determined is not recorded. The attribute information is the attribute information of this element model. This attribute information includes information regarding the specifications (size, usage, etc.) of the element model. Based on this specification, it is possible to identify the element models that are walkable. In addition, the attribute information includes information regarding the customer attraction index that weights the influence on the flow of people (the location of pedestrians) in the element model. This customer attraction index includes information regarding, for example, visual attractiveness, novelty, information value of the exhibition content, and relevance to passersby.

[0022] In the analysis result storage unit 23, location management regarding the movement of pedestrians calculated by simulation is recorded. This location management is recorded when the design support process is performed. The location management includes information regarding the pedestrian identifier, the location time, and the location. By connecting these locations in the order of the location time, it is possible to identify the movement route of the pedestrians.

[0023] The pedestrian identifier is an identifier that identifies each pedestrian used in the simulation. The time of location and the location are information indicating the time when this pedestrian is located and the mesh, respectively.

[0024] (Design support process) The design support process will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. First, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of acquiring design information (step S11). Specifically, the management unit 211 of the control unit 21 acquires the design information of the building and the surroundings of the building specified in the user device 10 and records it in the design information storage unit 22.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 4, the design information includes a map 500 including a building B1 and sidewalks P1 to P3. This building B1 is provided with entrances E1 to E3 through which people can enter and exit, and display windows W1 to W3 that people can view.

[0026] Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of specifying the walkable area (step S12). Specifically, the management unit 211 of the control unit 21 specifies the walkable area around the building using the attribute information of the element model in the design information.

[0027] In the map 500 shown in FIG. 4, sidewalks P1 to P3 are specified as the walkable area. This walkable area is divided by minute meshes M1 (evaluation areas). Furthermore, for each mesh M1 of the walkable area, a mesh value for attracting pedestrians in the vicinity of the element model is set according to the customer attraction index of the element model. This mesh value is calculated by a function that takes the customer attraction index and the route preference of pedestrians as variables. For example, this function calculates the probability of stopping, etc. in the vicinity of the display windows W1 to W3.

[0028] Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of predicting the movement route of each pedestrian (step S13). Specifically, the management unit 211 of the control unit 21 specifies nodes in the walkable area where the flow of people occurs or disappears. In the map 500 shown in FIG. 4, positions N1 to N4 away from the building B1 are set on the sidewalks P1 to P3. Also, using the attribute information of the element models recorded in the design information storage unit 22, the entrances E1 to E3 through which people enter and exit are identified. Then, the positions N1 to N4 and the entrances E1 to E3 are identified as nodes.

[0029] Then, the analysis unit 212 identifies, among the nodes, the initial position where each pedestrian starts moving, the target position where the movement ends, the moving speed, and the route preference according to a predetermined probability distribution. This route preference is determined by variables obtained by evaluating the shortest route, environmental comfort, etc. The environmental comfort is calculated based on the mesh values.

[0030] Next, the analysis unit 212 calculates, for each person, the movement from the initial position to the target position with respect to the mesh M1 by Monte Carlo simulation according to the moving speed and the route preference. The positions N1 to N4 as the initial positions and the target positions are selected according to a probability distribution using the statistical information of the area where the building B1 is located. In this case, for the building B1, the initial position and the target position are determined according to a probability distribution corresponding to the level of the attracting ability according to the station, landmark, etc. existing in the directions of the positions N1 to N4. For example, the positions N1 to N4 in the direction where there is a structure with a high attracting ability have a higher probability of becoming the initial position and the target position according to the probability distribution. A random walk model is used for this simulation. Then, the analysis unit 212 records the traffic flow (location time, location) in the analysis result storage unit 23 in association with the pedestrian identifier. Then, the above process is repeated until the simulation of a predetermined number of pedestrians is completed.

[0031] Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a process of generating a heat map indicating the presence probability of pedestrians (step S14). Specifically, the analysis unit 212 of the control unit 21 records the number of people in each mesh M1 at a specific time. Further, the analysis unit 212 calculates the average number of people (pedestrian distribution) in a specific mesh M1. Then, the analysis unit 212 visualizes it as a heat map representing the average number of people in each mesh M1 by the darkness of the color.

[0032] Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a surplus area identification process (step S15). Specifically, the support unit 213 of the control unit 21 identifies, in the heat map, an area composed of meshes M1 where the number of people present is less than a predetermined value and the color is light as a surplus area where an add-on can be placed.

[0033] Next, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes an add-on placement process (step S16). Specifically, the support unit 213 of the control unit 21 identifies, using the design information storage unit 22, add-on candidates (plantings) that fit within the surplus area according to the size of the surplus area. Then, the support unit 213 outputs information regarding the identified add-on candidates to the user device 10.

[0034] (Operation of this Embodiment) An area with a low probability of human presence is identified as a surplus area where an add-on can be placed.

[0035] (Effect of this Embodiment) (1) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a design information acquisition process (step S11) and a walkable area identification process (step S12). Thereby, an area where a person may be present can be identified.

[0036] (2) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes, for each pedestrian, a predicted path process (step S13) and a heat map generation process (step S14) indicating the probability of the pedestrian's presence. Thereby, the probability of a person being present in each area around the building can be evaluated. (3) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes a surplus area identification process (step S15). Thereby, an area where a person is less likely to be present can be identified.

[0037] (4) In this embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes the arrangement process of the additional objects (step S16). As a result, it is possible to effectively utilize the areas where the possibility of a person's presence is low. In addition, it is possible to prevent the additional objects from becoming an obstacle to the flow of people.

[0038] This embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications. This embodiment and the following modification examples can be implemented in combination with each other as long as they do not technically conflict with each other. · In the above embodiment, as the exterior structure, the arrangement design of the planting is supported. The exterior structure is not limited to planting. For example, it may be applied to the arrangement of a parking area, a display, a fence, etc.

[0039] · In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes the acquisition process of the design information (step S11). Here, the design information generated by BIM is acquired. As long as it is information that can identify the area for evaluating the flow of people, the method of generating the design information is not limited to BIM. Also, it is not limited to the design information of the building, and any object that affects the movement of people may be used. For example, a digital elevation model of the terrain at the location where the flow of people occurs may be used. This digital elevation model is configured to include a three-dimensional model of the terrain representing the elevation with respect to longitude and latitude. Thereby, it is possible to predict the flow of people in consideration of the gradient of the walkable area.

[0040] · In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes the identification process of the walkable area (step S12). Here, the walkable area is identified using the attribute information of the element model. The method of identifying the walking area is not limited to the case of using the attribute information. For example, the walking area may be identified by being specified by the user device 10.

[0041] ·In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes prediction processing of the movement route of each pedestrian (step S13). Here, a Monte Carlo simulation is performed. The simulation method is not limited as long as the possibility of a person's presence can be evaluated in each mesh M1. For example, agent-based modeling may be used to simulate the movements of individual people and predict the flow of people through their collective movements.

[0042] ·In the above embodiment, the control unit 21 of the support device 20 executes generation processing of a heat map indicating the presence possibility of pedestrians (step S14). A heat map representing the presence possibility of people is generated according to the result of the Monte Carlo simulation. The calculation method is not limited as long as a heat map can be generated. Statistical methods such as multivariate analysis and principal component analysis may be used. In multivariate analysis, the interaction of each element model is analyzed using the influence of the element model on the flow of people as a variable. In principal component analysis, a high-dimensional dataset is converted into a low-dimensional representation to identify the factors that most affect the flow of people. Also, a heat map may be generated by machine learning using the element models and nodes set on the map.

[0043] Next, the technical ideas that can be grasped from the above embodiment and the alternative example are added below. (a) The design support device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit specifies the walkable area using the attribute information of each element included in the design information.

[0044] (b) The design support device according to claim 1 or (a) above, wherein the control unit performs weighting that affects the presence of the pedestrian on each evaluation area of the walkable area using the attribute information of each element included in the design information.

[0045] (c) The control unit specifies the entrance of the building using the attribute information of each element included in the design information, The design support device according to any one of claims 1, (a), and (b) above, wherein the entrance is specified as the initial position or the target position.

[0046] (d) The control unit repeatedly simulates the movement lines of each pedestrian, and creates a heat map of the pedestrian distribution according to the result of the simulation. The design support device according to any one of claims 1, (a) to (c) above.

Explanation of reference numerals

[0047] 10… User device, 20… Support device, 21… Control unit, 211… Management unit, 212… Analysis unit, 213… Support unit, 22… Design memory unit.

Claims

1. A design support device comprising a control unit for supporting the design of a structure, wherein the control unit acquires the design information of the structure, uses the acquired design information to identify a walkable area around the structure, identifies an initial position where a pedestrian starts moving and a target position where the movement ends, creates a heat map of the pedestrian distribution from the initial position to the target position in the walkable area, and uses the heat map to identify a surplus area where an add-on can be placed. A design support device characterized by this.

2. A method for supporting design using a design support device comprising a control unit for supporting the design of a structure, wherein the control unit acquires the design information of the structure, uses the acquired design information to identify a walkable area around the structure, identifies an initial position where a pedestrian starts moving and a target position where the movement ends, creates a heat map of the pedestrian distribution from the initial position to the target position in the walkable area, and uses the heat map to identify a surplus area where an add-on can be placed. A design support method characterized by this.

3. A program for supporting design using a design support device comprising a control unit for supporting the design of a structure, causing the control unit to acquire the design information of the structure, use the acquired design information to identify a walkable area around the structure, identify an initial position where a pedestrian starts moving and a target position where the movement ends, create a heat map of the pedestrian distribution from the initial position to the target position in the walkable area, A design support program characterized by functioning as a means for specifying a surplus area where an additive can be arranged using the heat map.

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