Electrode

Abstract

To provide a technique for reducing variation in discharge voltage in an electrode.SOLUTION: The electrode is made of an alloy containing 3 to 7 types of metal elements. Among the metal elements contained in the alloy, when the top three metal elements with the largest number of moles, in descending order, are designated as the first metal element, the second metal element and the third metal element, the number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 times or more and 1.0 time or less the number of moles of the first metal element, and the number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 times or more and 1.0 time or less the number of moles of the first metal element.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrode. [Background technology]

[0002] Discharge electrodes have been known for some time (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-069826 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-291327 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, even with prior art such as that disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is still room for improvement in the technology for reducing the variation in discharge voltage in the electrodes.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing the variation in discharge voltage in an electrode. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve at least part of the above-mentioned problems, and can be realized in the following aspects.

[0007] (1) According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrode comprising an alloy containing three to seven metal elements, wherein the metal elements contained in the alloy have the top three metal elements in terms of mole number, in descending order, as a first metal element, a second metal element, and a third metal element, and the number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element, and the number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element.

[0008] According to this configuration, of the three to seven metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode, if the top three metal elements by mole number are, in descending order, a first metal element, a second metal element, and a third metal element, the number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element, and the number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element. This makes it possible to reduce variations in discharge voltage when the electrode is used as a discharge electrode.

[0009] (2) In the electrode of the above embodiment, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element may each be one of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper. According to this configuration, among the metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode, the top three metal elements with the largest molar numbers are fourth-period transition metals with melting points of 1000°C or higher but lower than 2000°C and atomic radii of 120 pm or higher but lower than 200 pm. In other words, the alloy is formed from a combination of metal elements with relatively small differences in melting points and atomic radii, making it easy to form a uniform discharge surface. This can further reduce the variation in discharge voltage.

[0010] (3) In the electrode of the above embodiment, any one of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element may be nickel, iron, or chromium. According to this configuration, among the metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode, any one of the top three metal elements with the largest number of moles is nickel, iron, or chromium, which has excellent corrosion resistance. This makes it difficult for the discharge surface to become rough, thereby further reducing the variation in discharge voltage.

[0011] (4) In the electrode of the above embodiment, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element may each be any one of nickel, iron, and chromium. According to this configuration, among the metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode, the top three metal elements with the largest number of moles are each one of nickel, iron, and chromium, which have excellent corrosion resistance. This makes it even more difficult for the discharge surface to become rough, thereby further reducing the variation in discharge voltage.

[0012] (5) In the electrode of the above embodiment, the alloy may have a single-phase crystalline phase. According to this configuration, the alloy has a single-phase crystalline phase. This makes it easier for the discharge surface to wear evenly when the electrode is used for discharge. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the variation in discharge voltage.

[0013] (6) In the electrode of the above embodiment, the alloy may have multiple crystalline phases with different compositions, and the multiple crystalline phases may have the same crystalline structure. According to this configuration, the alloy has multiple crystalline phases with different compositions but the same crystalline structure. This makes it easier for the discharge surface to wear evenly. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the variation in discharge voltage.

[0014] The present invention can be realized in various forms, for example, in the form of an apparatus including an electrode, a method for manufacturing an electrode and an apparatus including an electrode, a method for controlling an apparatus including an electrode, an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode, a computer program for causing an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode to manufacture an electrode, or the like. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is an external view of a spark plug equipped with an electrode according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the results of a first evaluation test on electrodes. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a test method for a first evaluation test. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a first result of a second evaluation test on an electrode. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a second result of a second evaluation test on electrodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] First Embodiment 1 is an external view of a spark plug equipped with an electrode according to a first embodiment. The spark plug 10 of this embodiment is attached to, for example, an internal combustion engine (not shown) and generates a discharge to combust fuel supplied into a cylinder. The spark plug 10 of this embodiment includes an insulator 11, an electrode 1, a metallic shell 12, and a ground electrode 13.

[0017] The insulator 11 is a substantially cylindrical member formed to extend along the central axis C10 of the spark plug 10. The insulator 11 is made of a material having excellent insulating properties, heat resistance, and thermal conductivity, such as alumina (Al2O3). A terminal 14 is provided at one end 11a of the insulator 11. An electrode 1 electrically connected to the terminal 14 is provided at the other end 11b of the insulator 11.

[0018] The electrode 1 is an alloy containing multiple metal elements. The electrode 1 is held by the insulator 11 by being partially inserted into a hole (not shown) formed in the other end 11b of the insulator 11. The tip 1a of the electrode 1 is formed so that the outer diameter becomes smaller as it gets further away from the insulator 11.

[0019] Electrode 1 is made of an alloy containing three to seven metal elements. Regarding the alloy of electrode 1, the top three metal elements in terms of mole count are designated, in descending order, as metal element 1, metal element 2, and metal element 3. The mole count of the second metal element is 0.8 to 1.0 times the mole count of the first metal element, and the mole count of the third metal element is 0.5 to 1.0 times the mole count of the first metal element. Thus, the alloy of electrode 1 has relatively large mole percentages for the top three metal elements in terms of mole count, and the mole counts are relatively close to each other. This reduces the variation in the discharge voltage of electrode 1.

[0020] In the alloy of electrode 1, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element are each a transition metal element of the fourth period elements, preferably one of scandium (Sc), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu). Furthermore, any one of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is more preferably nickel, iron, or chromium, and each of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is even more preferably one of nickel, iron, and chromium. The alloy of electrode 1 of this embodiment contains 20 mol% each of nickel, iron, chromium, cobalt, and manganese. The metal elements contained in the alloy of electrode 1 are identified using an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A small amount of yttrium may be contained in the alloy of electrode 1. Furthermore, the alloy of electrode 1 may contain impurities in addition to the above five metal elements.

[0021] The alloy of electrode 1 of this embodiment has a single crystalline phase. The crystalline phase of the alloy of electrode 1 of this embodiment has a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure of the same composition. The crystalline structure of the crystalline phase of the alloy of electrode 1 is identified by a combination of visual observation of the cross section in an SEM image and X-ray diffraction (XRD) using an X-ray diffractometer. Note that in this embodiment, "the alloy has a single crystalline phase" also includes cases where, in addition to a single crystalline phase, trace components such as the above-mentioned yttrium and impurities are contained.

[0022] The metallic shell 12 is a generally cylindrical metal member formed to extend along the central axis C10 of the spark plug 10. The metallic shell 12 is formed of a conductive metal such as low-carbon steel or a metallic material primarily composed of iron. The metallic shell 12 is provided so as to partially cover the insulator 11. The metallic shell 12 has a seat portion 12a that protrudes radially outward from the metallic shell 12, and a body portion 12c having a thread groove 12b formed on its outer periphery. When the spark plug 10 is mounted in an internal combustion engine, the thread groove 12b of the body portion 12c is fitted into a threaded hole formed in the internal combustion engine, whereby an annular gasket (not shown) is sandwiched between the seat portion 12a and the body portion 12c, ensuring airtightness of the threaded hole of the internal combustion engine.

[0023] The ground electrode 13 is a metal member joined to the body portion 12c of the metallic shell 12 on the side opposite to the seat portion 12a. The ground electrode 13 is formed of a metal material such as a Ni-based alloy containing nickel as a main component. Examples of alloying elements added to the Ni-based alloy of the ground electrode 13 include manganese, chromium, and aluminum. The ground electrode 13 has a shape that is bent into a substantially L-shape, and a tip portion 13a is positioned to face the electrode 1.

[0024] Next, a method for manufacturing the electrode 1 will be described. In manufacturing the electrode 1, first, the five metal elements nickel, iron, chromium, cobalt, and manganese are placed in a copper container so that the number of moles is the same. The five metal elements placed in the copper container are arc-melted in an argon atmosphere to produce an ingot of a metal represented by the composition formula CoCrFeMnNi. The produced metal ingot is processed into the shape of the electrode 1 to produce the electrode 1 of the spark plug 10. Note that the method for manufacturing the alloy of the electrode 1 is not limited to this. It may also be high-frequency melting, the Bridgman method, metal additive manufacturing, powder sintering, mechanical alloying, or the like.

[0025] Next, we will explain the evaluation test of the electrodes. In this evaluation test, we produced multiple electrode samples that differed in at least one of the number and type of metal elements contained in alloys that can be used for the electrodes, and performed two types of evaluations regarding the variation in discharge voltage.

[0026] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the results of the first evaluation test for electrodes. In the first evaluation test, the discharge voltage was measured multiple times for each of the 13 types of samples shown in Figure 2, which differ in the number and type of metal elements, when used as a discharge electrode, and the calculated variations in discharge voltage were compared.

[0027] Each of the 13 types of samples shown in FIG. 2 was manufactured by a method similar to the manufacturing method of the electrode 1 of the first embodiment. Specifically, for each of the 13 types of samples, the elemental metals of the multiple metal elements shown in FIG. 2 were first placed in a copper container so as to have the mole percentages shown in FIG. 2. The multiple elemental metals placed in the copper container were arc-melted in an argon atmosphere to produce metal ingots that would become each of the 13 types of samples. The manufactured metal ingots were then machined into shapes to be used in the discharge tests described below.

[0028] Figure 2 shows "Rm," which is the ratio of the number of moles of other metal elements to the number of moles of the first metal element, for each of the 13 samples used in the first evaluation test, where the top three metal elements by mole number are, in descending order, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element. That is, "Rm" shown in Figure 2 is the value obtained by dividing the mole percentage of each metal element shown in the "Molar percentage of metal elements contained in samples" in Figure 2 by the mole percentage of the first metal element for each sample. For example, in Sample 2, the first metal element is vanadium (43.0 mol%), the second metal element is cobalt (30.0 mol%), and the third metal element is aluminum (27.0 mol%). 2, the molar percentage of cobalt is 30.0 mol% divided by the molar percentage of vanadium, 43.0 mol%, which is 0.70, and the molar percentage of aluminum is 27.0 mol% divided by the molar percentage of vanadium, 43.0 mol%, which is 0.63. Note that when the molar percentages of multiple metal elements contained in a sample are the same, as in Sample 1, any one of the first metal element, second metal element, and third metal element may be selected.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the test method of the first evaluation test. In the first evaluation test, a discharge test was performed using the evaluation device Ex1 shown in FIG. 3 to calculate the variation in discharge voltage for each sample. The evaluation device Ex1 includes a chamber Ch and a power supply unit Ps. The chamber Ch can accommodate a sample Sp and a counter electrode Ce therein. The sample Sp and the counter electrode Ce in the chamber Ch are arranged so that a gap Gp is ​​1.05 mm. The sample Sp and the counter electrode Ce in the chamber Ch are each connected to a power supply unit Ps, and discharge occurs using electricity supplied by the power supply unit Ps. In the discharge test, the chamber Ch to which the sample Sp was attached was set under predetermined conditions (nitrogen atmosphere, room temperature), and discharge was performed at a frequency of 100 Hz for one hour, after which the discharge voltage was measured after 1000 discharges. From the measured values ​​of the discharge voltage for 1000 discharges, the variation in discharge voltage "σ" shown in FIG. 2 was calculated. V (unit: V) was calculated.

[0030] Figure 2 shows the calculated "σ V The result of the discharge voltage variation judged based on the value of "" is shown as "Judgment". "Judgment" is the result of the calculated discharge voltage variation ("σ V ") are classified into the following symbols S, A, B, C, and D. It is desirable that the variation in discharge voltage of the samples be 1500V or less (i.e., S, A, B, and C are within the acceptable range for "judgment"). S:σ V ≦700V A:700V<σ V ≦900V B:900V<σ V ≦1100V C:1100V<σ V ≦1500V D:1500V<σ V

[0031] As shown in Figure 2, among Samples 1 to 13, Samples 5 to 13 are VBased on this, the "judgment" was S, A, B, or C, and it was confirmed that the variation in discharge voltage was smaller than that of Samples 1 to 4, which were "judgment" D. Each of Samples 5 to 13 is made of an alloy containing 3 to 7 metal elements. If the top three metal elements in terms of mole count are, in descending order, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element, the mole count of the second metal element is 0.8 to 1.0 times the mole count of the first metal element, and the mole count of the third metal element is 0.5 to 1.0 times the mole count of the first metal element. In this way, the alloys forming each of Samples 5 to 13 have relatively large mole percentages for the top three metal elements in terms of mole count, and the mole counts are relatively close to each other, which is thought to be why the variation in discharge voltage is smaller.

[0032] On the other hand, unlike the alloy of electrode 1 of this embodiment, Sample 1 contains eight metal elements, with the molar percentage of each metal element being relatively small. Although Samples 2 to 4 each contain three metal elements, as shown by "Rm" in FIG. 2 , at least one of the ratio of the number of moles of the second metal element to the number of moles of the first metal element and the ratio of the number of moles of the third metal element to the number of moles of the first metal element does not satisfy the above-mentioned condition. Specifically, in Sample 2, the number of moles of the second metal element (cobalt) is 0.7 times the number of moles of the first metal element (vanadium), and in Sample 3, the number of moles of the third metal element (aluminum) is 0.38 times the number of moles of the first metal element (vanadium). Furthermore, in Sample 4, the number of moles of each of the second metal element (cobalt) and the third metal element (aluminum) is 0.125 times the number of moles of the first metal element (vanadium). Thus, if the ratio of the number of moles of the second and third metal elements to the number of moles of the first metal element is small, it is difficult to form a uniform discharge surface, and the discharge surface is likely to become rough, which results in a large variation in discharge voltage after use as a discharge electrode for a certain period of time.

[0033] Among Samples 5 to 13, Samples 7 to 13 were "judged" as S, A, or B, confirming that the variation in discharge voltage was even smaller than that of Samples 5 and 6, which were "judged" as C. In each of Samples 7 to 13, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element are each one of the transition metal elements of the fourth period, namely, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper (for example, in Sample 7, the first metal element is vanadium, the second metal element is cobalt, and the third metal element is copper). The transition metal elements of the fourth period have melting points of 1000°C or higher and lower than 2000°C, and atomic radii of 120 pm or higher and lower than 200 pm. Therefore, the alloy is formed by a combination of metal elements with a relatively small difference in melting point and atomic radius. This makes it easier to form a uniform discharge surface, and the variation in discharge voltage can be reduced compared to Samples 5 and 6.

[0034] Of Samples 7 to 13, Samples 8 to 13 were given an "Evaluation" of S or A, confirming that the variation in discharge voltage was even smaller than that of Sample 7, which received a "Evaluation" of B. In each of Samples 8 to 13, one of the first, second, and third metal elements is nickel, iron, or chromium (for example, in Sample 8, the first metal element is nickel). Nickel, iron, and chromium are particularly corrosion-resistant among the fourth-period transition metals. This makes the discharge surface less likely to become rough, allowing for a smaller variation in discharge voltage than Sample 7.

[0035] Of Samples 8 to 13, Samples 11 to 13 were given an S rating, which confirmed that the variation in discharge voltage was even smaller than Samples 8 to 10, which were given an A rating. In Samples 11 to 13, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element were each either nickel, iron, or chromium. This made it even more difficult for the discharge surface to become rough, and it was possible to reduce the variation in discharge voltage compared to Samples 8 to 10.

[0036] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the first results of the second evaluation test on the electrodes. Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the second results of the second evaluation test on the electrodes. In the second evaluation test, the change in crystal structure and the magnitude of the variation in discharge voltage due to the presence or absence of heat treatment were evaluated for Samples 12 and 13, out of the 13 types of samples tested in the first evaluation test. In the second evaluation test, the samples were prepared by arc-melting multiple types of metal elements and then lowering the temperature by holding the melt at 200°C for 2 hours to prepare "heat-treated" samples. On the other hand, the "non-heat-treated" samples were prepared by lowering the temperature without holding it at a specific temperature during the temperature reduction process. The crystal structure of the samples was confirmed by a combination of visual observation of the cross section in the SEM image and XRD using an X-ray diffractometer, as with the alloy of Electrode 1. The "σ" which indicates the variation in discharge voltage shown in Figures 4 and 5 is V " was calculated by the same method as in the first evaluation test. "Judgment" showing the judgment results shown in Figures 4 and 5 was judged by the same method as in the first evaluation test.

[0037] Figure 4 shows the results of evaluating the effect of heat treatment on Sample 13. As shown in Figure 4, multiple types of crystal structures (FCC structure, BCC structure) were confirmed in Sample 13 with heat treatment. On the other hand, since only the FCC structure was confirmed in Sample 13 without heat treatment, it is believed that Sample 13 without heat treatment has a single crystal phase. The degree of variation in discharge voltage, σ VIn the "with heat treatment" test, Sample 13 had a larger discharge voltage than Sample 13 without heat treatment, which revealed that the discharge voltage variation increases when the alloy is subjected to heat treatment, in which the temperature is maintained above a certain level, during production.

[0038] Figure 5 shows the results of evaluating the effect of heat treatment on Sample 12. As shown in Figure 5, multiple types of crystal structures (FCC structure, BCC#1 structure, BCC#2 structure) were confirmed in Sample 12 with heat treatment. On the other hand, multiple types of crystal phases with the same crystal structure (FCC#1 structure, FCC#2 structure) were confirmed in Sample 12 without heat treatment, although their compositions were different. The degree of variation in discharge voltage was greater in Sample 12 with heat treatment than in Sample 12 without heat treatment. This indicates that, similar to Sample 13, the variation in discharge voltage increases when the alloy is produced by heat treatment, which maintains the temperature above a certain level.

[0039] According to the electrode 1 of the present embodiment described above, among the three to seven metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode 1, the top three metal elements by mole number are, in descending order, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element. The number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element, and the number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element. This reduces the variation in discharge voltage in the electrode 1.

[0040] Furthermore, the electrode 1 of this embodiment can reduce variations in discharge voltage, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in designing the gap size and the like in the design of the spark plug 10 including the electrode 1. This improves the productivity of the spark plug 10 including the electrode 1.

[0041] Furthermore, according to the electrode 1 of this embodiment, among the metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode 1, the top three metal elements with the largest number of moles are either nickel, iron, chromium, cobalt, or manganese. Nickel, iron, chromium, cobalt, and manganese are fourth-period transition metals with melting points of 1000°C or higher but lower than 2000°C and atomic radii of 120 pm or higher but lower than 200 pm. In other words, the alloy is formed from a combination of metal elements with relatively small differences in melting points and atomic radii, making it easy to form a uniform discharge surface. This can further reduce the variation in discharge voltage.

[0042] Furthermore, according to the electrode 1 of this embodiment, one of the top three metal elements with the largest number of moles among the metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode 1 is nickel, iron, or chromium, which has excellent corrosion resistance. This makes it difficult for the discharge surface to become rough, thereby further reducing the variation in discharge voltage.

[0043] Furthermore, according to the electrode 1 of this embodiment, the top three metal elements in terms of mole number among the metal elements contained in the alloy forming the electrode 1 are nickel, iron, or chromium, each of which has excellent corrosion resistance. This makes it even more difficult for the discharge surface to become rough, thereby further reducing the variation in discharge voltage.

[0044] Furthermore, according to the electrode 1 of this embodiment, the alloy has a single crystal phase. This allows the discharge surface of the electrode 1 to wear uniformly, thereby suppressing localized wear. This reduces variations in discharge voltage.

[0045] <Modification of this embodiment> The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the following modifications are also possible.

[0046] [Variation 1] In the above-described embodiment, the metal elements contained in the alloy are nickel, iron, chromium, cobalt, and manganese, and the top three metal elements in terms of mole count are nickel, iron, and chromium, which are transition metal elements of the fourth periodic elements. The top three metal elements in terms of mole count, the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element, are not limited to these. It is sufficient that the number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element, and the number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 to 1.0 times the number of moles of the first metal element.

[0047] [Variation 2] In the above-described embodiment, the alloy of electrode 1 has a single crystalline phase. However, as explained in FIG. 5 , the alloy of electrode 1 may have multiple crystalline phases, and these multiple crystalline phases may have different compositions but the same crystalline structure. Furthermore, the multiple crystalline phases of the electrode alloy may have different crystalline structures. However, if the electrode alloy has multiple crystalline phases with different compositions and the multiple crystalline phases have the same crystalline structure, the discharge surface wears evenly, suppressing localized wear and reducing the variation in discharge voltage.

[0048] [Variation 3] In the above embodiment, the electrode 1 is provided in a spark plug. However, the application field of the electrode is not limited to this. For example, the electrode may be applied to a plasma generating device, a discharge device, or the like.

[0049] This aspect has been described above based on embodiments and modifications. However, the above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of this aspect and are not intended to limit this aspect. This aspect may be modified or improved without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and equivalents thereof are included in this aspect. Furthermore, if a technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it may be deleted as appropriate.

[0050] <Application example 1> An electrode, It is made of an alloy containing 3 to 7 metal elements, Among the metal elements contained in the alloy, the top three metal elements in terms of mole number are designated as a first metal element, a second metal element, and a third metal element in descending order. the number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 times or more and 1.0 times or less the number of moles of the first metal element, The number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 times or more and 1.0 times or less the number of moles of the first metal element. electrode. <Application example 2> The electrode according to Application Example 1, Each of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is any one of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper. electrode. <Application example 3> The electrode according to Application Example 1 or Application Example 2, Any one of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is nickel, iron, or chromium. electrode. <Application Example 4> The electrode according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 3, Each of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is any one of nickel, iron, and chromium. electrode. <Application example 5> The electrode according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 4, The alloy is characterized in that the crystalline phase is a single phase. electrode. <Application Example 6> The electrode according to any one of Application Examples 1 to 5, The alloy has a plurality of crystalline phases with different compositions, The plurality of crystalline phases have the same crystalline structure. electrode. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1...Electrode

Claims

1. An electrode, It is made of an alloy containing 3 to 7 metal elements, Among the metal elements contained in the alloy, the top three metal elements in terms of mole number are designated as a first metal element, a second metal element, and a third metal element in descending order. the number of moles of the second metal element is 0.8 times or more and 1.0 times or less the number of moles of the first metal element, The number of moles of the third metal element is 0.5 times or more and 1.0 times or less the number of moles of the first metal element. electrode.

2. 10. The electrode of claim 1, Each of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is any one of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper. electrode.

3. 3. The electrode according to claim 1 or claim 2, Any one of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is nickel, iron, or chromium. electrode.

4. 3. The electrode according to claim 1 or claim 2, Each of the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element is any one of nickel, iron, and chromium. electrode.

5. 3. The electrode according to claim 1 or claim 2, The alloy is characterized in that the crystalline phase is a single phase. electrode.

6. 3. The electrode according to claim 1 or claim 2, The alloy has a plurality of crystalline phases with different compositions, The plurality of crystalline phases have the same crystalline structure. electrode.

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