Main spindle turning device

Abstract

To provide a main spindle turning device that can avoid as much as possible reduction in machining area and restriction of an operating range by compactly arranging a constituting component in a main body portion.SOLUTION: A main spindle turning device 1 includes: a turning unit 4 having a rotatable main spindle 5; and a main body unit 3 supporting the turning unit 4 turnably around a turning shaft 16 inclined to a main spindle axial line A2, and having a motor 17 for turning and driving the turning unit 4 and a speed reduction portion 18. At a turning position of the turning unit 4 where the main spindle axis line A2 is in a vertical direction, a lower surface 22 of the main body unit 3 is located above a lower end surface 62 of the main spindle 5, and the motor 17 is disposed in the main body unit 3 below a turning axis line A1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a spindle turning device provided in a machine tool for turning a spindle around a predetermined turning axis, and in particular to a spindle turning device in which the turning axis is inclined with respect to the axis of the spindle. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, in machine tools such as double-column machining centers, known spindle swivel devices for rotating the spindle include those in which the swivel axis is inclined relative to the axis of the spindle, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. Because such spindle swivel devices are sometimes used as interchangeable attachments, they require a compact design to avoid interference with workpieces and other components when swiveled within the machine, and to ensure sufficient space for replacing attachments. In particular, a larger swivel space results in a corresponding reduction in the machining area and a limited operating range. Using a tool with a long overhang to avoid interference leads to longer machining times and shorter tool life. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2015-502862 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In addition to a motor, rotation transmission mechanisms such as a worm gear and a roller gear cam are used to drive the spindle rotating device, and the arrangement of these components is also important in achieving compactness. In the spindle rotating device of Patent Document 1, the motor that drives the rotating shaft is arranged above the rotating shaft, so the position of the rotating shaft must be lowered to ensure space for the motor, which hinders the compactness of the entire device.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a spindle rotating device that can compactly arrange components within the main body and avoid, as much as possible, reducing the machining area or restricting the operating range. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a spindle turning device including a turning unit having a rotatable spindle, and a main body unit that supports the turning unit so that the turning unit can turn around a turning axis that is inclined with respect to the axis of the spindle, and that includes a motor and a speed reducer that turn the turning unit, At a pivot position of the pivot unit where the axis of the main shaft is oriented vertically downward, the bottom surface of the main body is located higher than the bottom surface of the pivot unit, The motor is disposed inside the main body below the axis of the pivot shaft. Another aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the reduction gear unit includes an input shaft to which rotation of the motor is transmitted, and an output shaft arranged coaxially with the axis of the rotating shaft and transmitting the rotation of the input shaft to the rotating shaft, the input shaft being perpendicular to the output shaft, and the motor being arranged within the main body in an orientation where the motor shaft is parallel to the input shaft. Another aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in the above configuration, an outer surface of the main body portion on the side opposite to the support side of the swivel portion is formed in a vertical direction. Another aspect of the present disclosure is a cable guide portion that guides the wiring and / or piping arranged in the rotating portion within the main body portion, and is disposed on an extension line of the axis of the rotating shaft and on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, The cable guide section comprises a flexible cable guide through which the wiring and / or piping is inserted, and a guide storage section that stores the cable guide, and the guide storage section is characterized in that, when viewed from the axial direction of the pivot shaft, the center of the guide storage section in the vertical direction is positioned above the axis of the pivot shaft. Another aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the main body further comprises a connecting portion on the upper side thereof that connects the main body rotatably about a second vertical pivot axis. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] In the present disclosure, the bottom surface of the main body is located above the bottom surface of the swivel, and the motor is disposed within the main body below the axis of the swivel shaft. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, the components within the main body can be compactly arranged, thereby avoiding, as much as possible, a reduction in the machining area or a restriction on the operating range. In another aspect of the present disclosure, the input shaft of the reduction gear unit is perpendicular to the output shaft, and the motor is disposed within the main body with the motor shaft parallel to the input shaft of the reduction gear unit. Thus, in addition to the above-described effects, this aspect allows the motor and reduction gear unit to be compactly disposed within the main body even if they are asymmetrical. In another aspect of the present disclosure, the outer surface of the main body on the side opposite to the support side of the swivel part is formed in the vertical direction, so that in addition to the above-mentioned effects, this aspect also makes the machine compact in the horizontal direction, which contributes to reducing the machining area and avoiding limitations on the operating range. In another aspect of the present disclosure, the guide storage portion of the cable guide portion is disposed in a position where the center in the up-down direction is shifted upward from the axis of the pivot shaft when viewed from the axial direction of the pivot shaft. Therefore, according to this aspect, in addition to the above-mentioned effect, by disposing the guide storage portion upward, storage space for the motor can be secured and the position of the motor can be raised. In another aspect of the present disclosure, a connecting portion is further provided on the upper side of the main body portion, which connects the main body portion rotatably around a second vertical pivot axis. Thus, according to this aspect, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the entire device becomes rotatable, thereby expanding the processing area. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of the main shaft rotating device. [Figure 3]FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2. [Figure 5] 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams showing the machining state of a workpiece, with FIG. 5A showing the machining state of a workpiece without a step, and FIG. 5B showing the machining state of a workpiece with a step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a side view showing an example of a spindle turning device (hereinafter simply referred to as "turning device") 1 of the present disclosure, and Fig. 2 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of Fig. 1. For ease of explanation, the upper side of Fig. 2 will be referred to as the top, the lower side as the bottom, the left side of Fig. 2 as the front, and the right side as the rear. The swivel device 1 includes, in order from the top, a connection unit 2, a main body unit 3, and a swivel unit 4. The swivel unit 4 is provided with a main shaft 5.

[0010] The connecting unit 2 is attached as an attachment to a saddle of a double column machining center (not shown). The connecting unit 2 is an example of a connecting portion of the present disclosure. The connection unit 2 has a connection housing 10. The connection housing 10 is cylindrical and attached to the saddle, and houses a hollow shaft 11, a driven gear 12, and a drive gear and motor (not shown) for rotating the driven gear 12. The hollow shaft 11 is provided vertically upward from an upper surface 20 of a main housing 15 (described later). The hollow shaft 11 is an example of a second pivot shaft of the present disclosure. The driven gear 12 is provided integrally on the outside of the hollow shaft 11. The driven gear 12 is rotatably supported within the connection housing 10 via a bearing 13, and is in mesh with a drive gear (not shown) provided within the connection housing 10.

[0011] The main unit 3 has a main housing 15. The main housing 15 accommodates a pivot shaft 16, a motor 17, a speed reducer 18, and a cable guide 19. The main unit 3 is an example of a main body of the present disclosure. The main body housing 15 has the hollow shaft 11 integrally formed on a horizontal upper surface 20, and the front surface 21 is an inclined surface that slopes downward. The lower surface 22 is a horizontal surface that connects to the lower end of the front surface 21. The lower surface 22 is an example of the lowest surface of the main body portion of the present disclosure. The rear surface 23 is an arc-shaped vertical surface that bulges rearward in a plan view. The rear surface 23 is an example of an outer surface of the main body portion of the present disclosure on the side opposite the support side of the swivel portion. A cylindrical portion 24 that houses the pivot shaft 16 is formed inside the front surface 21 of the main body housing 15. The cylindrical portion 24 is formed coaxially with a pivot axis A1 that is perpendicular to the front surface 21. The pivot axis A1 is an example of the axis of the pivot shaft of the present disclosure. The front end of the cylindrical portion 24 forms a ring-shaped protrusion 25 that protrudes from the front surface 21. The swivel shaft 16 is hollow and has a swivel axis A1 as its center, perpendicular to the front surface 21. The swivel shaft 16 is provided rearward and upward in the direction of the swivel axis A1 from a connecting surface 58 of a swivel housing 55, which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 3, the motor 17 is housed in the left-right direction above the lower surface 22 with the motor shaft 26 facing leftward.

[0012] The speed reducer 18 includes a first gear 30 , a second gear 31 , an input shaft 32 , and an output shaft 33 . The first gear 30 is fixed to the left end of the motor shaft 26. The second gear 31 is fixed to the left end of the input shaft 32 and meshes with the first gear 30. The input shaft 32 is disposed in front of the motor 17 in the left-right direction parallel to the motor shaft 26 and is rotatably supported within the main housing 15. The output shaft 33 is cylindrical and integrally provided on the outside of the revolving shaft 16, and is rotatably supported within the cylindrical portion 24 via a bearing 34. Therefore, the input shaft 32 is perpendicular to the revolving axis A1, which is also the axis of the output shaft 33. A worm, for example, is used for the input shaft 32, and a worm wheel, for example, is used for the output shaft 33.

[0013] The cable guide unit 19 is disposed on a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis A1 and includes a guide storage unit 40 and a cable guide 41. The guide storage unit 40 is dish-shaped and opens upward toward the rear. It is divided into a central unit 42 and an outer peripheral unit 43. The central unit 42 is a circular plate coaxially fixed to the end of the pivot axis 16, and a circular inner frame 44 is erected on its upper surface. A portion of the inner frame 44 has an opening 45 that opens in the circumferential direction. The outer peripheral unit 43 is located on the same plane as the central unit 42, but is not circular and concentric with the central unit 42. Rather, it has an asymmetrical shape in which an upper region 47 protrudes upward more than a lower region 46 across the pivot axis A1. That is, as shown in FIG. 4 , the cable guide unit 19 is disposed such that, when viewed from the direction of the pivot axis A1, the vertical center O of the cable guide unit 19 is offset above the pivot axis A1.

[0014] An outer frame 48 having the same height as the inner frame 44 is erected on the outer peripheral edge of the outer peripheral portion 43. The left and right sides of the outer frame 48 have a width across flats and are fixed to the left and right inner surfaces of the main housing 15. The cable guide 41 is provided on the guide storage section 40. The inner end of the cable guide 41 is fixed to an opening 45 of the inner frame 44. The outer end of the cable guide 41 is fixed to the inner surface of the chamfered portion on the right side of the outer frame 48. When the swivel unit 4 is in a swiveled position with the main shaft 5 facing downward, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the opening 45 is located on the right side, and the cable guide 41 between the outer end and the inner end is bent in an S-shape in rear view.

[0015] Cable 50 connected to motor 17 passes through hollow shaft 11 of connecting housing 10 and is drawn into main housing 15, and then passes directly through main housing 15 to be connected to motor 17. Meanwhile, cable 51 connected to spindle motor 59 in swivel housing 55 passes through hollow shaft 11 of connecting housing 10 and is drawn into main housing 15, and then passes from the outer end of cable guide 41 through cable guide 41 and is drawn out from the inner end. Cable 51 then passes from the center of guide storage section 40 through swivel shaft 16 and is drawn into swivel housing 55, and is connected to spindle motor 59. Cable 51 is an example of wiring disclosed herein.

[0016] The swivel unit 4 has a swivel housing 55 and a main shaft 5. The swivel unit 4 is an example of a swivel portion of the present disclosure. The swivel housing 55 includes a connecting portion 56 and a spindle holder 57. The connecting portion 56 has a connecting surface 58 with the same diameter as the protrusion 25 of the main housing 15, and the connecting surface 58 abuts coaxially against the protrusion 25. The swivel shaft 16 is fixed to the connecting surface 58 and protrudes into the cylindrical portion 24. The spindle holder 57 is formed on the front side of the connecting portion 56 and holds the spindle 5 facing vertically downward. The spindle 5 includes a spindle motor 59 and a rotating shaft 60 that rotates when driven by the spindle motor 59. A tool 61 can be attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 60.

[0017] In the revolving device 1 configured as described above, when the motor 17 is driven, the rotation of the motor shaft 26 is reduced via the first gear 30 and the second gear 31 and transmitted to the input shaft 32, causing the input shaft 32 to rotate. When the input shaft 32 rotates, the output shaft 33 and the revolving shaft 16 rotate, and the revolving unit 4 revolves together with the revolving shaft 16 around the revolving axis A1. Therefore, the main shaft 5 rotates from a downward position in which the main shaft axis A2 is vertical, and after 180° of rotation, it moves to a position symmetrical about the revolving axis A1, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2. Furthermore, when the rotation is transmitted to the driven gear 12 in the connecting unit 2, the main unit 3 and the revolving unit 4 revolve around the axis A3 of the hollow shaft 11 via the hollow shaft 11.

[0018] In this case, the motor 17 is located below and behind the rotation axis A1, so when the main shaft 5 is oriented vertically downward, the lower surface 22 of the main housing 15 is located above the lower end surface 62 of the main shaft 5. The lower end surface 62 is an example of the lowest surface of the rotating part of the present disclosure. Therefore, even if the spindle 5 approaches the workpiece W during machining as shown in FIG. 5A, it is possible to prevent the lower surface 22 of the main body housing 15 from interfering with the workpiece W. Furthermore, in the case where an upward step WD is formed at the end of the workpiece W as shown in FIG. 5B, the spindle 5 can be moved close to the workpiece W until the lower surface 22 of the main body housing 15 approaches the step WD, thereby shortening the protrusion length of the tool 61. By shortening the protrusion length of the tool 61, chatter vibration is suppressed, allowing machining to be performed under cutting conditions with high machining efficiency. This allows for a reduction in machining time.

[0019] Thus, the above-described form of the swivel device 1 includes a swivel unit 4 having a rotatable main shaft 5, and a main unit 3 that supports the swivel unit 4 so that it can rotate around a swivel shaft 16 inclined relative to the main shaft axis A2, and that includes a motor 17 and a reduction unit 18 that drive the swivel unit 4 to rotate. When the swivel unit 4 is rotated so that the spindle axis A2 is vertical, the lower surface 22 of the main unit 3 is positioned higher than the lower end surface 62 of the spindle 5, and the motor 17 is disposed within the main unit 3 below the swivel axis A1. According to this configuration, the components inside the main unit 3 can be arranged compactly, and reduction in the machining area and limitations on the operating range can be avoided as much as possible.

[0020] The reduction gear unit 18 includes an input shaft 32 to which the rotation of the motor 17 is transmitted, and an output shaft 33 arranged coaxially with the rotation axis A1 and transmitting the rotation of the input shaft 32 to the rotation axis 16, and the input shaft 32 is perpendicular to the output shaft 33, and the motor 17 is arranged within the main unit 3 in an orientation in which the motor shaft 26 is parallel to the input shaft 32. Therefore, even if the motor 17 and the speed reducer 18 are asymmetrical, they can be arranged compactly within the main unit 3. The rear surface 23 of the main body unit 3 is formed in the vertical direction, so that it is also compact in the front-to-rear direction, which contributes to reducing the machining area and avoiding restrictions on the operating range.

[0021] Within the main unit 3, a cable guide section 19 that guides a cable 51 arranged in the swivel unit 4 is disposed on an extension of the swivel axis A1 and on a plane that is perpendicular to the swivel axis A1. The cable guide section 19 includes a flexible cable guide 41 through which the cable 51 passes, and a guide storage section 40 that stores the cable guide 41. When viewed from the direction of the swivel axis A1, the guide storage section 40 is disposed at a position where the center O of the guide storage section 40 in the up-down direction is shifted upward from the swivel axis A1. Therefore, the guide storage section 40 can be disposed in an upper position to ensure storage space for the motor 17, and the position of the motor 17 can be raised. A connecting unit 2 is further provided on the upper side of the main unit 3, which connects the main unit 3 rotatably around a vertical hollow shaft 11. Therefore, in addition to the fact that the swivel unit 4 can rotate around the swivel axis A1, the main unit 3 and the swivel unit 4 can also rotate around the A3 axis, which allows the orientation of the spindle 5 to be changed to horizontal, vertical, diagonally upward, etc. This allows the machining area to be expanded.

[0022] Modifications of the present disclosure will be described below. The input and output shafts of the reduction unit are not limited to worm gears. For example, the reduction unit may use a three-dimensional cam such as a roller gear cam. The reduction unit may also be configured such that the input and output shafts are not perpendicular to each other. The rear surface of the main body housing is not limited to an arc-shaped surface in plan view, but may be a plane defined by the up, down, left, and right directions. The outer surface of the main body on the side opposite to the support side of the swivel unit does not have to be formed vertically as long as it does not interfere with compactness. As long as there is sufficient space to accommodate the motor, the guide housing of the cable guide unit may have an upper and lower area of ​​the same size in the vertical direction without shifting the vertical center above the axis of the rotating shaft. The shapes of the cable guide and guide housing unit are not limited to the above-mentioned form, and the size and shape can be changed as appropriate. When air or coolant is supplied from the spindle, piping as well as wiring may be inserted into the cable guide. The cable guide unit may not be necessary. In the connecting portion, the shape of the second pivot shaft can be changed as appropriate. The second pivot shaft does not have to be a hollow shaft. The second pivot shaft does not have to be present. The swivel device may be attached to a machine tool other than a double column machining center. The swivel device is not limited to being attached as an attachment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0023] 1··Spindle swivel device, 2··Connecting unit, 3··Main unit, 4··Swivel unit, 5··Main shaft, 10··Connecting housing, 11··Hollow shaft, 15··Main housing, 16··Swivel shaft, 17··Motor, 18··Reduction unit, 19··Cable guide unit, 22··Underside, 23··Rear surface, 30··First gear, 31··Second gear, 32··Input shaft, 33··Output shaft, 40··Guide storage unit, 41··Cable guide, 50, 51··Cable, 55··Swivel housing, 59··Spindle motor, 60··Rotating shaft, 62··End face.

Claims

1. A spindle turning device including: a turning unit having a rotatable spindle; and a main body portion that supports the turning unit so that the turning unit can turn around a turning axis that is inclined with respect to the axis of the spindle, and that includes a motor and a speed reducer that turn the turning unit; At a pivot position of the pivot unit where the axis of the main shaft is oriented vertically downward, the bottom surface of the main body is located higher than the bottom surface of the pivot unit, The spindle rotating device is characterized in that the motor is disposed inside the main body below the axis of the rotating shaft.

2. 2. The spindle rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the reduction gear unit includes an input shaft to which rotation of the motor is transmitted, and an output shaft arranged coaxially with the axis of the turning shaft and transmitting the rotation of the input shaft to the turning shaft, the input shaft being perpendicular to the output shaft, and the motor being arranged within the main body in an orientation in which the motor shaft is parallel to the input shaft.

3. 3. The spindle rotating device according to claim 2, wherein an outer surface of the main body portion opposite to the support side of the rotating portion is formed in a vertical direction.

4. a cable guide portion for guiding wiring and / or piping arranged in the swivel portion within the main body portion is disposed on an extension of the axis of the swivel shaft and on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the swivel shaft; 4. The spindle rotating device according to claim 1, wherein the cable guide section comprises a flexible cable guide through which the wiring and / or piping is inserted, and a guide storage section that stores the cable guide, and the guide storage section is disposed at a position where a center of the guide storage section in a vertical direction is shifted upward from the axis of the rotating shaft when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

5. 4. The spindle turning device according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting portion on the upper side of the main body portion for connecting the main body portion rotatably about a second vertical turning axis.

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