Water guide structure for tunnel

Abstract

To provide a water guide structure for a tunnel preventing leaked water from dropping from a connection point between water guide sheets into a tunnel pit to securely guide leaked water oozing from a tunnel inner wall to downstream with high stability.SOLUTION: A water guide structure for a tunnel is provided with: a water guide sheet 1 on which water guide ribs 12 extending in a tunnel peripheral direction over a whole surface of a rear surface provided on a tunnel inner wall 101 side are arranged parallely with an interval therebetween and laid along the tunnel inner wall 101; lattice bars 2 fixed on the water guide sheet; pressing tools 3 pressing the lattice bars 2 at specific points on the tunnel inner wall 101 side; and anchors 4 fixing the pressing tools 3 to the tunnel inner wall 101. The lattice bars 2 at an upper end of water guide sheets 1b, 1c for lower side parts are placed so as to overlap from an outer direction on peripheral side lap-margins 13 in a strip shape projecting outward in a tunnel peripheral direction from the lattice bars 2 at peripheral ends of a water guide sheet 1a for an upper top end to be pressed on the tunnel inner wall 101 with the pressing tools 3 and the anchors 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a tunnel water conveyance structure that conveys leaking water downward while preventing the leaking water that seeps out from the inner wall of a tunnel from dripping into the tunnel. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, structures that prevent water seeping out from the inner wall of a tunnel from dripping into the tunnel while directing leaking water downward include those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. The structure described in Patent Document 1 includes a flexible rectangular water-conducting sheet stretched over the inner wall of the tunnel, lattice reinforcement bars installed on the opposite side of the water-conducting sheet from the inner wall, water-stopping gaskets protruding toward the inner wall of the tunnel near both edges of the water-conducting sheet, and ribs protruding parallel to each other between the water-stopping gaskets. The lattice reinforcement bars and water-conducting sheet are laid and fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel with anchor bolts, and the water-stopping gaskets and ribs form a water-conducting channel between the water-conducting sheet and the inner wall of the tunnel. In the structure described in Patent Document 1, a large number of rectangular water-conducting sheets of a predetermined size are laid out so that their edges butt against each other.

[0003] The structure in Patent Document 2 has a flexible rectangular water-conducting sheet stretched over the inner wall of a tunnel, a shape-retaining band installed on the opposite side of the water-conducting sheet to the inner wall, and cushioning materials protruding toward the inner wall of the tunnel near both side edges of the water-conducting sheet, with the water-conducting sheet fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel with anchor bolts via pressure plates that abut against the shape-retaining bands, and the thickness of the cushioning materials forming a water channel between the inner wall of the tunnel and the water-conducting sheet. In the structure in Patent Document 2, the edges of adjacent water-conducting sheets are connected by overlapping each other. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-132669 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 5874938 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, if the edges of the water-conducting sheets are connected so that they butt against each other, as in the structure of Patent Document 1, there is a high possibility that water leaking from the inner wall of the tunnel will drip into the tunnel from the butt point of the water-conducting sheets, making it difficult to reliably conduct the leaking water downward.

[0006] Furthermore, in the structure of Patent Document 2, in which the edges of adjacent water-conducting sheets are overlapped and connected, for example, if the linear overlapping portions of the edges of the water-conducting sheets are glued and connected along their entire length, there is a high possibility that some areas will be insufficiently bonded or that some of the bonded areas will peel off due to deterioration over time, resulting in a structure that is inferior in stability and durability in preventing water from dripping into the tunnel, making it difficult to reliably and stably guide leaking water downward.

[0007] The present invention has been proposed in light of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a tunnel water conveyance structure that can prevent water leaking into the tunnel shaft from the connection points between water conveyance sheets and can reliably convey water leaking from the inner wall of the tunnel downward with high stability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The tunnel water conduction structure of the present invention comprises a water conduction sheet laid along the tunnel inner wall, with water conduction ribs arranged at intervals across the entire back surface that is placed on the tunnel inner wall side and extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, lattice bars fixed to the water conduction sheet, pressers arranged to press the lattice bars at predetermined locations against the tunnel inner wall, and anchors that fix the pressers to the tunnel inner wall, and is characterized in that the lattice bars at the upper ends of the side water conduction sheets that are placed below are arranged to overlap from the outside with a band-shaped peripheral lap margin that protrudes outward in the tunnel circumferential direction from the lattice bars at one peripheral end of the top end water conduction sheet that is placed above, and the lattice bars at the upper ends of the side water conduction sheets, the side water conduction sheet, and the peripheral lap margin of the top end water conduction sheet are pressed against the tunnel inner wall by the pressers and anchors. According to this, a water conduction channel extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is formed between the tunnel inner wall and the top and side water conduction sheets laid along the tunnel inner wall by water conduction ribs extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the circumferential lap margin of the top water conduction sheet is arranged to overlap from the outside on the upper edge of the side water conduction sheet placed below in a tiled roofing manner in cross section, which makes it possible to prevent leakage water from dripping into the tunnel shaft from the joint between the top and side water conduction sheets and to reliably conduct leakage water that seeps out from the tunnel inner wall to below where drainage ditches etc. are installed. Furthermore, by connecting the top and side water conduction sheets by mechanical pressure fixation using clamps and anchors, the stability and durability of the structure for conducting leakage water that seeps out from the tunnel inner wall can be improved.

[0009] The tunnel water conduction structure of the present invention is characterized in that the lattice bars at the upper end of the lower side water conduction sheet placed below are arranged to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap margin that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars at the lower end of the upper side water conduction sheet placed above, and the lattice bars at the upper end of the lower side water conduction sheet, the lower side water conduction sheet, and the peripheral lap margin of the upper side water conduction sheet are pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel by the clamps and anchors. According to this method, a water conduit extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is formed between the upper and lower side water-conducting sheets laid along the tunnel inner wall and the tunnel inner wall by water-conducting ribs extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The circumferential lap margin of the upper side water-conducting sheet overlaps the upper end of the lower side water-conducting sheet from the outside in a tiled-roofing configuration in cross section. This prevents water leakage from the connection between the upper and lower side water-conducting sheets from dripping into the tunnel shaft, and more reliably guides water leaking from the tunnel inner wall downward, where drainage ditches are installed. Furthermore, the connection between the upper and lower side water-conducting sheets is mechanically fixed by clamps and anchors, thereby further improving the stability and durability of the structure for conducting water leaking from the tunnel inner wall. Furthermore, by connecting the upper and lower side water-conducting sheets, a water conduit with a longer path can be formed.

[0010] In the tunnel water conveying structure of the present invention, the water conveying sheets are formed of a flexible material, and the lattice reinforcement bars at the rear end of the second water conveying sheet for the top end are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped extended side lap portion that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice reinforcement bars at the front end of the first water conveying sheet for the top end, and the lattice reinforcement bars at the rear end of the second water conveying sheet for the top end, the second water conveying sheet for the top end, and the extended side lap portion of the first water conveying sheet for the top end are secured by the retainer and the anchor. and pressing the first side water-conducting sheet against the tunnel inner wall side with the lattice bars at the rear end of the second side water-conducting sheet so as to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped extended side lap portion that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice bars at the front end of the first side water-conducting sheet, and the lattice bars at the rear end of the second side water-conducting sheet, the second side water-conducting sheet, and the extended side lap portion of the first side water-conducting sheet are pressed against the tunnel inner wall side with the pressing tool and the anchor. According to this, the first and second top-end water-conducting sheets can be connected and sealed in the tunnel extension direction by pressing the water-conducting ribs of the second top-end water-conducting sheet against the flexible extension-side lap portion of the first top-end water-conducting sheet, and the water-conducting ribs of the second side-end water-conducting sheet against the flexible extension-side lap portion of the first side-end water-conducting sheet, thereby connecting the first and second side-end water-conducting sheets in the tunnel extension direction, thereby preventing water from leaking into the tunnel shaft from the connecting portions between the first and second top-end water-conducting sheets and the first and second side-end water-conducting sheets.Furthermore, by connecting the first and second top-end water-conducting sheets and the first and second side-end water-conducting sheets, a water-conducting structure can be constructed over a wider area of ​​the tunnel inner wall.

[0011] The tunnel water conduction structure of the present invention is characterized in that the lattice bars at the upper end of the water conduction sheet for another side portion, which is placed below, are arranged to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap portion that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars at the other peripheral end of the water conduction sheet for the top end, which is placed above, and the lattice bars at the upper end of the water conduction sheet for the other side portion, the water conduction sheet for the other side, and the peripheral lap portion of the water conduction sheet for the top end are pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel by the clamp and the anchor. This makes it possible to prevent water from leaking and dripping into the tunnel shaft from the connection point between the water-conducting sheet for the top end and the water-conducting sheet for the side section on one side of the tunnel in the circumferential direction, and also makes it possible to prevent water from leaking and dripping into the tunnel shaft from the connection point between the water-conducting sheet for the top end and the water-conducting sheet for the side section on the other side of the tunnel in the circumferential direction, making it possible to construct a water-conducting structure over a wider area of ​​the tunnel inner wall. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] The tunnel water conveyance structure of the present invention prevents water from leaking into the tunnel shaft from the connection points between the water conveyance sheets, and can reliably convey water leaking from the inner wall of the tunnel downward with high stability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective explanatory view of a tunnel water guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention installed on the inner wall of a tunnel; [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a tunnel water guide structure according to an embodiment installed on the inner wall of a tunnel. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing water guide sheets arranged in series in the tunnel water guide structure of the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the state in which clamps and anchors are placed on the water guide sheet for the top end of a tunnel water guide structure according to an embodiment and its lattice reinforcement. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view showing the water guide sheet for the top end portion of FIG. 4 and part of its lattice reinforcement. [Figure 6]FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state in which a retainer and an anchor are arranged on a water guide sheet for one side and its lattice reinforcement in a tunnel water guide structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the state in which clamps and anchors are placed on the water guide sheet for the other side and its lattice reinforcement in the tunnel water guide structure of the embodiment. [Figure 8] 1A and 1B are perspective explanatory views illustrating a procedure for installing retainers and anchors on a water guide sheet and its lattice reinforcement in a tunnel water guide structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram illustrating the procedure for attaching one side water guide sheet to the top water guide sheet laid on the inner wall of the tunnel. [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram illustrating the procedure for attaching a water guide sheet for one side to a water guide sheet for the top end and a water guide sheet for one side laid on the inner wall of a tunnel. [Figure 11] 10A and 10B are longitudinal cross-sectional views illustrating the procedure for attaching the upper end of a side water guide sheet to the peripheral lap of the top water guide sheet. [Figure 12] An explanatory diagram showing the procedure for connecting the top water guide sheet to the top water guide sheet and the one and other side water guide sheets laid on the inner wall of the tunnel in the extension direction of the tunnel. [Figure 13] An explanatory diagram showing the procedure for connecting a water-conducting sheet for one side to two rows of water-conducting sheets for the top end and one and the other side, laid on the inner wall of the tunnel, in the direction of tunnel extension. [Figure 14] An explanatory diagram showing the procedure for connecting one side water-conducting sheet to two rows of water-conducting sheets for the top end, the other row of water-conducting sheets for the side, and one side water-conducting sheet in the tunnel extension direction, laid on the inner wall of the tunnel. [Figure 15] An explanatory diagram showing a three-row, three-column water-conducting sheet laid on the inner wall of a tunnel. [Figure 16] 10(a) and 10(b) are cross-sectional explanatory diagrams illustrating the procedure for attaching the rear end of the second top end water guide sheet to the extended side lap of the first top end water guide sheet. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the flow of water in the tunnel water conveyance structure of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] [Tunnel water conveyance structure of the embodiment] As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a tunnel water-conducting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention has water-conducting ribs 12 arranged at intervals across the entire back surface of a base material 11 placed on the tunnel inner wall 101 side, a water-conducting sheet 1 laid along the tunnel inner wall 101, lattice bars 2 fixed to the water-conducting sheet 1, clamps 3 arranged to press the lattice bars 2 at predetermined locations towards the tunnel inner wall 101, and anchors 4 that fix the clamps 3 so as to press them against the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0015] In the illustrated example, a tunnel inner wall 101 is formed by the inner wall of a lining concrete 102 provided in a tunnel 100, and the tunnel water-conducting structure of the embodiment is constructed by arranging water-conducting sheets 1 so that the water-conducting ribs 12 face this tunnel inner wall 101. The water-conducting sheets 1 are connected to each other and installed consecutively along the tunnel inner wall 101, and the water-conducting sheets 1 are laid out so as to cover predetermined areas such as areas prone to water leakage at the top end 103 and side end 104 of the tunnel inner wall 101, or three types of water-conducting sheets 1, namely a water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end, a water-conducting sheet 1b for one side end, and a water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side end, which will be described later, are laid out.

[0016] The water-conducting sheet 1 is rectangular and of a predetermined size, and is entirely made of a flexible, elastic material such as soft polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic elastomer, or synthetic rubber. The water-conducting sheet 1 has a flat substrate 11, and a plurality of water-conducting ribs 12 are arranged in parallel at intervals across the entire surface of one side of the substrate 11. Water-conducting ribs 12 are also arranged in parallel at intervals in an area of ​​the substrate 11 corresponding to the band-shaped circumferential lap margins 13 that protrude outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice reinforcement 2, and in an area of ​​the substrate 11 corresponding to the band-shaped extension lap margins 14 that protrude outward in the extension direction of the tunnel from the lattice reinforcement 2.

[0017] In the illustrated water guide sheet 1, water guide ribs 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the base material 11, which corresponds to the circumferential direction of the tunnel, are arranged side by side at approximately equal intervals in the width direction of the base material 11 on one surface of the rectangular base material 11, and the cross section of each water guide rib 12 is approximately trapezoidal. The thickness of the base material 11 is, for example, 0.8 mm, and the height from the surface of the base material 11 on which the water guide ribs 12 are formed to the top of the water guide rib 12 is, for example, 2.0 mm.

[0018] The lattice reinforcement 2 is formed by arranging strip-shaped vertical reinforcement 21 and strip-shaped horizontal reinforcement 22 in a predetermined arrangement in a lattice pattern, and has an overall rectangular outer shape. The lattice reinforcement 2 is made of a material that is strong, durable, and flexible, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP). The lattice reinforcement 2 is fixed by adhesive or the like to the other side of the base material 11 of the water conductive sheet 1, on which the water conductive ribs 12 are not formed. The shape of the water conductive sheet 1 or the base material 11 is maintained by the lattice reinforcement 2. The water conductive sheet 1 with the lattice reinforcement 2 fixed thereto has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, but can be curved in a substantially arc shape along the inner wall of the lining concrete 102, which is the surface on which it is laid.

[0019] The grid bars 2 are made up of pairs of closely spaced vertical bars 21, 21, arranged in multiple sets at intervals longer than this close spacing, and pairs of closely spaced vertical bars 21, 21 are provided at both ends of the width of the grid bars 2 that correspond to the tunnel extension direction. The spacing between pairs of closely spaced vertical bars 21, 21 roughly corresponds to the spacing between pressing parts 34, 34 of the clamping tool 3, which will be described later.

[0020] In this embodiment, the water guide sheets 1 laid in a connected manner along the tunnel inner wall 101 include a top water guide sheet 1a laid at the top 103 of the tunnel inner wall 101, and one side water guide sheet 1b and the other side water guide sheet 1c laid at both left and right side portions 104, 104 of the top 103 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The top water guide sheet 1a, one side water guide sheet 1b and the other side water guide sheet 1c are formed to corresponding sizes, each having approximately the same width.

[0021] The water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end, the water-conducting sheet 1b for one side, and the water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side are each provided with a band-shaped peripheral lap margin 13 that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the outer shape of the lattice bars 2, and a band-shaped extended side lap margin 14 that protrudes outward in the extension direction of the tunnel from the outer shape of the lattice bars 2, and the peripheral side lap margin 13 and extended side lap margin 14 of each of the water-conducting sheets 1a, 1b, and 1c, which are entirely made of an elastic material, are flexible.

[0022] The water guide sheet 1a for the top end shown in Figure 4 has peripheral lap margins 13, 13 that protrude outward from the horizontal bars 22 that form the upper edge of the entire lattice bar 2 and outward from the horizontal bars 22 that form the lower edge of the entire lattice bar 2, and an extension lap margin 14 that protrudes outward from the vertical bars 21 that form the right edge of the entire lattice bar 2.

[0023] The water guide sheet 1b for one side shown in Figure 6 has a peripheral lap space 13 that protrudes outward from the horizontal bars 22 that form the bottom side of the entire lattice bar 2 in the figure, and an extended lap space 14 that protrudes outward from the vertical bars 21 that form the right side of the entire lattice bar 2.

[0024] The water guide sheet 1c for the other side shown in Figure 7 has a peripheral lap space 13 that protrudes outward from the horizontal bars 22 that form the upper edge of the entire lattice bar 2 in the figure, and an extended lap space 14 that protrudes outward from the vertical bars 21 that form the right edge of the entire lattice bar 2.

[0025] The extended side lap margins 14 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end, the water-conducting sheet 1b for one side, and the water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side have a width that is longer than the distance from the outer edge of one vertical reinforcing bar 21 to the outer edge of the other vertical reinforcing bar 21 in a set of two vertical reinforcing bars 21, 21 that are arranged at a distance that approximately corresponds to the distance between the pressing portions 34, 34 of the clamping tool 3 described below (see Figures 9 to 11).

[0026] Due to the long width of this extended-side lap space 14, the lattice reinforcement 2 at the rear end of one of the water-conducting sheets 1a, 1b, 1c, where there is no extended-side lap space 14, is arranged to overlap from the outside with the extended-side lap space 14 at the front end of one of the water-conducting sheets 1a, 1b, 1c in the laying direction of the water-conducting sheets 1. When the lattice reinforcement 2 at the rear end of the other water-conducting sheet 1a, 1b, 1c, the other water-conducting sheet 1a, 1b, 1c, and the extended-side lap space 14 at the front end of one of the water-conducting sheets 1, 1b, 1c are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101 with the retainer 3 and the anchor 4, both of the pairs of vertical reinforcement 21, 21 arranged at the rear end of the other water-conducting sheet 1a, 1b, 1c can press the extended-side lap space 14 of one of the water-conducting sheets 1a, 1b, 1c against the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0027] The retainer 3 is an Ω-shaped plate in plan view, and is made of, for example, a metal material. The retainer 3 has a base plate 31 that is rectangular in front view and has a central insertion hole 32 for inserting the anchor 4, upright walls 33 / 33 that rise obliquely from opposing side edges of the base plate 31, and strip-shaped pressing portions 34 / 34 that protrude outward from the upper edges of each of the upright walls 33 / 33. The pressing portions 34 / 34 are arranged so as to press a pair of closely spaced vertical bars 21 / 21 of the water guide sheet 1 toward the tunnel inner wall 101 when the retainer 3 is fixed and pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0028] The anchor 4 in this embodiment is a core rod-driven anchor consisting of an anchor body 41 having an expansion portion 42 at its tip end and a male thread portion 43 at its rear end, a core rod 44 inserted into the anchor body 41, and a seat-mounted anti-loosening nut 45 screwed onto the male thread portion 43.The anchor 4 is inserted into a borehole 105 formed in the tunnel inner wall 101, and the core rod 44 is driven in to cause the expanded expansion portion 42 to bite into the inner wall of the borehole 105, thereby fixing the anchor to the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0029] When constructing the tunnel water conduction structure of this embodiment, the water conduction sheet 1a for the top end is placed and fixed to the top end 103 of the tunnel inner wall 101 so that the longitudinal center of the water conduction sheet 1a for the top end is aligned with the tunnel center line CL in the tunnel extension direction, and the water conduction sheet 1a for the top end is laid along the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 8 to 11).

[0030] When laying the water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end, at a predetermined fixing location, a through hole 15 is formed in the water-conducting sheet 1a or its base material 11 between a set of two vertical reinforcements 21, 21 that are arranged at a distance that approximately corresponds to the distance between the pressing portions 34, 34 of the clamping device 3, and a perforation 105 is formed in the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0031] Furthermore, the base plate 31 of the holder 3 is abutted against the base material 11 of the water-conducting sheet 1a, and the holder 3 is positioned so that the pressing portions 34·34 of the holder 3 abut against a set of vertical reinforcement bars 21·21 of the water-conducting sheet 1a. The anchor 4 is inserted into the borehole 105 so as to pass through the insertion hole 32 of the holder 3 and the through hole 15 of the water-conducting sheet 1a, and the core rod 44 is driven in to expand the expansion portion 42 so that it bites into the inner wall of the borehole 105. The anchor 4 is fixed to the tunnel inner wall 101, and the seat-mounted anti-loosening nut 45 of the anchor 4 is tightened to press the holder 3 towards the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0032] The anchors 4 and clamps 3 press against the lattice reinforcement 2 and the water-conducting sheet 1a at predetermined fixing locations, thereby fixing the water-conducting sheet 1a and its lattice reinforcement 2 to the tunnel inner wall 101. At the same time, water-conducting ribs 12-12 extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and located on the tunnel inner wall 101 side of the water-conducting sheet 1a, the base material 11 between the water-conducting ribs 12-12, and the inner wall surface of the tunnel inner wall 101 form a water-conducting channel that conducts water downward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel (see Figures 11 and 17).

[0033] The fixing and installation of one side water conducting sheet 1b to the tunnel inner wall 101 and the fixing and installation of the other side water conducting sheet 1c to the tunnel inner wall 101 at locations other than the connecting points of the water conducting sheets 1·1 are carried out in the same manner as the fixing and installation of the top end water conducting sheet 1a to the tunnel inner wall 101 described above. Furthermore, the fixing and installation of the top end water conducting sheet 1a, one side water conducting sheet 1b and the other side water conducting sheet 1c, which are connected in the tunnel extension direction (described later), at locations other than the connecting points, are also carried out in the same manner as the fixing and installation of the top end water conducting sheet 1a to the tunnel inner wall 101 described above.

[0034] Then, the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b, which is placed below, are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap space 13 that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars 2 at one peripheral end of the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a, which is laid on the top end 103 and placed on the upper side, and the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of the one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b, the one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b, and the peripheral lap space 13 of the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101 with the clamps 3 and anchors 4, connecting the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a and the one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b is fixed and laid on the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 8 to 11).

[0035] At the connection point between the top water-conducting sheet 1a and one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b, a through hole 15 is formed in the water-conducting sheet 1b or its base material 11 between a pair of vertical reinforcements 21, 21 that are arranged at a distance that approximately corresponds to the distance between the pressing portions 34, 34 of the clamping device 3 in the one of the side water-conducting sheet 1b, and a through hole 131 is formed in the peripheral lap portion 13 of the top water-conducting sheet 1a, thereby forming a perforation 105 in the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0036] Furthermore, the base plate 31 of the holder 3 is abutted against the base material 11 of the water guide sheet 1b, and the holder 3 is positioned so that the pressing parts 34·34 of the holder 3 abut against a set of vertical reinforcement bars 21·21 of the water guide sheet 1b. The anchor 4 is inserted into the borehole 105 so as to pass through the insertion hole 32 of the holder 3, the through hole 15 of the water guide sheet 1b and the through hole 131 of the peripheral lap margin 13 of the water guide sheet 1a. The core rod 44 is driven in to expand the expansion part 42 so that it bites into the inner wall of the borehole 105, fixing the anchor 4 to the tunnel inner wall 101. At the same time, the seat-mounted anti-loosening nut 45 of the anchor 4 is tightened to press the holder 3 towards the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0037] The pressure of the anchor 4 and the clamp 3 at this connection point presses a set of vertical reinforcements 21, 21 or lattice reinforcement 2 of the water-conducting sheet 1b for one side, the water-conducting sheet 1b for one side, and the circumferential lap margin 13 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end toward the tunnel inner wall 101, and they are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101, so that the water-conducting sheet 1b, its lattice reinforcement 2, and the circumferential lap margin 13 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end are fixed to the tunnel inner wall 101, and A water conduction channel that conducts water downward along the circumferential direction of the tunnel is formed by the water conduction ribs 12-12 that are arranged on the circumferential lap area 13 of the water sheet 1a and extend in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, the circumferential lap area 13 between these water conduction ribs 12-12, the water conduction ribs 12-12 that are arranged on the tunnel inner wall 101 side of one of the side water conduction sheets 1b and extend in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the base material 11 between these water conduction ribs 12-12, and the inner wall surface of the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 11 and 17).

[0038] At the connection point between the top water-conducting sheet 1a and one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b, the peripheral lap margin 13 of the top water-conducting sheet 1a is arranged in a tiled manner in cross section, overlapping from the outside the upper end of the side water-conducting sheet 1b located below, thereby preventing water from leaking and dripping into the tunnel from the connection point between the top water-conducting sheet 1a and one of the side water-conducting sheets 1b.

[0039] Furthermore, the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of the other side water-conducting sheet 1c, which is placed below, are arranged to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap space 13 that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars 2 at the other peripheral end of the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a, which is laid on the top end 103 and placed on the upper side, and the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of the other side water-conducting sheet 1c, the other side water-conducting sheet 1c, and the peripheral lap space 13 of the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101 with the clamps 3 and anchors 4, connecting the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a and the other side water-conducting sheet 1c in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the other side water-conducting sheet 1c is fixed and laid on the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 8 to 12).

[0040] The connection between the water guide sheet 1a for the top end and the water guide sheet 1c for the other side end at the connection point is carried out in the same manner as the connection between the water guide sheet 1a for the top end and the water guide sheet 1b for one side end described above at the connection point.

[0041] Next, in the water-conducting sheet laying direction LD, the lattice bars 2 at the rear end of another top-end water-conducting sheet 1a are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the strip-shaped extension lap space 14 that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice bars 2 at the front end of the installed top-end water-conducting sheet 1a that has been fixed and laid along the tunnel inner wall 101, and the lattice bars 2 at the rear end of the other top-end water-conducting sheet 1a, the other top-end water-conducting sheet 1a, and the extension lap space 14 of the installed one top-end water-conducting sheet 1a are pressed against the tunnel inner wall with the clamps 3 and anchors 4, connecting the installed one top-end water-conducting sheet 1a and the other top-end water-conducting sheet 1a in the tunnel extension direction, and the other top-end water-conducting sheet 1a is fixed and laid on the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 12, 13, and 16).

[0042] At the connection point between one installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end and another installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end, a through hole 15 is formed in the other installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end or its base material 11 between a set of two vertical reinforcements 21, 21 that are arranged at a distance that approximately corresponds to the distance between the pressing portions 34, 34 of the clamping device 3 in the other installed water-conducting sheet 1a, and a perforation 105 is formed in the tunnel inner wall 101 by forming a through hole 141 in the extended side lap portion 14 of the installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end.

[0043] Furthermore, the base plate 31 of the holder 3 is abutted against the base material 11 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for another top end, and the holder 3 is positioned so that the pressing portions 34·34 of the holder 3 abut against a set of vertical reinforcement bars 21·21 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for another top end. The anchor 4 is inserted into the borehole 105 so as to pass through the insertion hole 32 of the holder 3, the through hole 15 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for another top end, and the through hole 141 of the extension-side lap allowance 14 of the installed water-conducting sheet 1a for one top end. The core rod 44 is driven in to expand the expansion portion 42 so that it bites into the inner wall of the borehole 105, fixing the anchor 4 to the tunnel inner wall 101. The anti-loosening nut 45 of the anchor 4 is tightened to press the holder 3 towards the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0044] The pressure applied by the anchor 4 and the retainer 3 at this connection point presses the set of vertical reinforcement bars 21-21 or the lattice reinforcement bars 2 of the other top end water conductive sheet 1a, the other top end water conductive sheet 1a, and the extended side lap space 14 of the already laid one top end water conductive sheet 1a towards the tunnel inner wall 101 and presses them against the tunnel inner wall 101, fixing the other top end water conductive sheet 1a, its lattice reinforcement bars 2, and the extended side lap space 14 of the already laid one top end water conductive sheet 1a to the tunnel inner wall 101, and the water conductive ribs 12 of the other top end water conductive sheet 1a are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101 and bite into the flexible extended side lap space 14 of the already laid one top end water conductive sheet 1a, sealing the connection point in the tunnel extension direction between the other top end water conductive sheet 1a and the already laid one top end water conductive sheet 1a.

[0045] Next, the lattice bars 2 at the rear end of another water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side, which has already been laid and fixed along the tunnel inner wall 101, are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the strip-shaped extension side lap space 14 that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice bars 2 at the front end of the water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side, and the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of another water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side, which is arranged below, are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the strip-shaped circumferential side lap space 13 that protrudes outward in the tunnel circumferential direction of the water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end that has already been laid.

[0046] Furthermore, the lattice reinforcement 2 at the rear end of the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c, the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c, and the extended side lap margin 14 of the already-installed one of the other side portion water-conducting sheets 1c are pressed against the tunnel inner wall with the clamping tool 3 and anchors 4, connecting the already-installed one of the other side portion water-conducting sheets 1c and the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c in the extension direction of the tunnel. At the same time, the lattice reinforcement 2 at the upper end of the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c, the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c, and the circumferential side lap margin 13 of the already-installed other top end water-conducting sheet 1a are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101 with the clamping tool 3 and anchors 4, connecting the already-installed top end water-conducting sheet 1a and the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the other side portion water-conducting sheet 1c is fixed to and installed on the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 13, 14, and 16).

[0047] The connection of one of the installed water-conducting sheets 1c for the other side at the extended lap area 14 with another water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side, and the connection of another installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end at the peripheral lap area 13 are the same as the connection of the installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end at the extended lap area 14 with another water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end, and the connection of the installed water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end at the peripheral lap area 13 with another water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end. The connection is made in the same manner as the connection with the water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side in the section 13, but where the extended side lap section 14 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for one top end that has already been laid, the extended side lap section 14 of the water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side that has already been laid, and the peripheral side lap section 13 of the water-conducting sheet 1a for another top end that has already been laid overlap, the connection is made by forming through holes 141, 131 in the extended side lap section 14 and the peripheral side lap section 13, respectively.

[0048] Next, the lattice reinforcement bars 2 at the rear end of the water conductive sheet 1b for one of the sides that has already been laid and fixed along the tunnel inner wall 101 are arranged to overlap from the outside with the strip-shaped extension side lap space 14 that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice reinforcement bars 2 at the front end of the water conductive sheet 1b for one of the sides that has already been laid and fixed along the tunnel inner wall 101, and the lattice reinforcement bars 2 at the upper end of the water conductive sheet 1b for one of the sides that is arranged below are arranged to overlap from the outside with the strip-shaped circumferential lap space 13 that protrudes outward in the tunnel circumferential direction of the water conductive sheet 1a for the top end that has already been laid, and the water conductive sheet 1b for the other of the sides is laid in the same manner as the water conductive sheet 1c for the other of the sides, and the water conductive sheet 1b for the other of the sides is connected to the water conductive sheet 1b for one of the sides that has already been laid and fixed along the tunnel inner wall 101 (see Figures 14, 15 and 16).

[0049] By repeating the laying and connecting process of these water-conducting sheets 1a, 1b, and 1c, a tunnel water-conducting structure is constructed, for example, as shown in Figure 15, consisting of three rows of water-conducting sheets 1a for the top end, one side of the tunnel, and another side of the tunnel, consisting of three rows and three columns of water-conducting sheets 1.

[0050] The tunnel water conduction structure of this embodiment can be constructed in any order, with the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a to be placed in the center first being laid, and the side water-conducting sheets 1b and 1c to be placed on either side of it being laid in any order. For example, the tunnel water-conducting structure can be constructed in the following order: first, laying and connecting one side water-conducting sheet 1b to the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a that has already been laid, and then laying and connecting the other side water-conducting sheet 1c; or first, laying and connecting the other side water-conducting sheet 1c to the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a that has already been laid, and then laying and connecting the one side water-conducting sheet 1b; or first, laying and connecting the top-end water-conducting sheet 1a that will be connected in the tunnel extension direction, and then connecting one side water-conducting sheet 1b or the other side water-conducting sheet 1c in the tunnel extension direction, and then connecting the other side water-conducting sheet 1c or one side water-conducting sheet 1b in the tunnel extension direction.

[0051] As another example, as shown in Figure 2, a modified configuration is also suitable in which a plurality of water-conducting sheets 1b for one side and a plurality of water-conducting sheets 1c for the other side are laid side by side on one side and the other side in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the water-conducting sheets 1b·1b for one side arranged above and below are connected, and the water-conducting sheets 1c·1c for the other side arranged above and below are connected.

[0052] In this case, the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of the lower side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c, which is placed on the lower side, are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap space 13 that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars 2 at the lower end of the upper side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c, and the lattice bars 2 at the upper end of the lower side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c, the lower side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c, and the peripheral lap space 13 of the upper side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c are pressed against the tunnel inner wall 101 with the clamps 3 and anchors 4, thereby connecting the upper side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c and the lower side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c. The detailed method of connecting the water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c for the upper side portion and the water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c for the lower side portion can be similar to the method of connecting the water-conducting sheet 1a for the top end portion and the water-conducting sheet 1b for one side portion or the water-conducting sheet 1c for the other side portion.

[0053] According to the tunnel water conduction structure of this embodiment, a water conduction channel extending in the tunnel circumferential direction is formed between the tunnel inner wall 101 and the top water conduction sheet 1a and side water conduction sheets 1b, 1c laid along the tunnel inner wall 101 by water conduction ribs 12 extending in the tunnel circumferential direction, and the top water conduction sheet 1a's peripheral lap margin 13 is arranged to overlap the upper ends of the lower side water conduction sheets 1b, 1c from the outside in a tiled roofing manner in cross section. This prevents water leakage from the connection between the top water conduction sheet 1a and the side water conduction sheets 1b, 1c from dripping into the tunnel shaft, and ensures that water leaking from the tunnel inner wall is guided downward to drainage ditches, etc. Furthermore, the connection between the top water conduction sheet 1a and the side water conduction sheets 1b, 1c is mechanically pressed and fixed by clamps 3 and anchors 4, thereby improving the stability and durability of the structure for conducting water leaking from the tunnel inner wall.

[0054] Furthermore, the water-conducting ribs 12 of one top-end water-conducting sheet 1a can be pressed against the flexible extension-side lap section 14 of another top-end water-conducting sheet 1a that has already been laid to seal the other top-end water-conducting sheet 1a, connecting the one top-end water-conducting sheet 1a to the other top-end water-conducting sheet 1a in the tunnel extension direction, and the water-conducting ribs 12 of the other side-end water-conducting sheets 1b, 1c can be pressed against the flexible extension-side lap section 14 of one side-end water-conducting sheets 1b, 1c that have already been laid to seal the other side-end water-conducting sheets 1b, 1c in the tunnel extension direction, thereby preventing water from leaking into the tunnel from the connecting point between the top-end water-conducting sheets 1a and 1a, the connecting point between one side-end water-conducting sheets 1b and 1b, and the connecting point between the other side-end water-conducting sheets 1c and 1c in the tunnel extension direction. In addition, by connecting the water-conducting sheets 1a·1a for the top end in the direction of tunnel extension, connecting the water-conducting sheets 1b·1b for one side, and connecting the water-conducting sheets 1c·1c for the other side, it is possible to construct a water-conducting structure over a wider area of ​​the tunnel inner wall 101.

[0055] According to the above-mentioned alternative tunnel water conduction structure, water conduction channels extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel are formed by water conduction ribs 12 extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel between the tunnel inner wall 101 and the upper and lower side water conduction sheets 1b or 1c laid along the tunnel inner wall 101, and the peripheral lap margins 13 of the upper side water conduction sheets 1b or 1c are arranged on the upper ends of the lower side water conduction sheets 1b or 1c in a tiled roofing manner overlapping from the outside in cross section. This makes it possible to prevent water from leaking into the tunnel from the joint between the upper side water conduction sheets 1b or 1c and the lower side water conduction sheets 1b or 1c, and makes it possible to more reliably conduct water leaking from the inner wall of the tunnel below where drainage ditches or the like are installed. Furthermore, by connecting the upper side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c with the lower side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c by mechanical pressing and fixing using clamps 3 and anchors 4, it is possible to further improve the stability and durability of the structure that conducts water leaking from the inner wall of the tunnel. Furthermore, by connecting the upper side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c with the lower side water-conducting sheet 1b or 1c, it is possible to form a water-conducting channel with a longer path.

[0056] [Scope of the invention disclosed herein] The inventions disclosed in this specification include, in addition to the individual inventions and embodiments listed as inventions, those specified by changing partial contents of these to other contents disclosed in this specification, those specified by adding other contents disclosed in this specification to these contents, or those specified by deleting partial contents of these to the extent that partial effects are obtained and creating a generic concept.The inventions disclosed in this specification also include the following contents and modifications.

[0057] For example, in the tunnel water conduction structure of the above embodiment, a water conduction sheet 1b for one side and a water conduction sheet 1c for the other side are laid and connected to both sides of the water conduction sheet 1a for the top end in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, but the present invention also includes a configuration in which a water conduction sheet 1b for one side is simply laid and connected to one side of the water conduction sheet 1a for the top end in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, or a configuration in which a water conduction sheet 1c for the other side is simply laid and connected to the other side of the water conduction sheet 1a for the top end in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

[0058] In addition, in the tunnel water conduction structure of the above embodiment, multiple water conduction sheets 1a for the top end are connected in series in the direction of the tunnel extension, but the present invention also includes a configuration in which only one water conduction sheet 1a for the top end is laid and a water conduction sheet 1b for one side or a water conduction sheet 1c for the other side is connected to it.

[0059] Furthermore, in the tunnel water conduction structure of the present invention, at the locations where the clamping device 3 presses against the tunnel inner wall 101, it is also possible to install an adhesive layer or a buffer material between the tunnel inner wall 101 and the peripheral lap area 13 of the water conduction sheet 1, between the tunnel inner wall 101 and the extended side lap area 14 of the water conduction sheet 1, between the peripheral side lap area 13 of one water conduction sheet 1 and another water conduction sheet 1 pressing it against the tunnel inner wall 101, or between the extended side lap area 14 of one water conduction sheet 1 and another water conduction sheet 1 pressing it against the tunnel inner wall 101. [Industrial Applicability]

[0060] The present invention can be used to guide water leaking from the inner wall of a tunnel downwards without dripping. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 1...Water-conducting sheet 11...Base material 12...Water-conducting rib 13...Circumferential lap margin 131...Through hole 14...Extended lap margin 141...Through hole 15...Through hole 1a...Water-conducting sheet for top end 1b...Water-conducting sheet for one side 1c...Water-conducting sheet for the other side 2...Grid reinforcement 21...Vertical reinforcement 22...Horizontal reinforcement 3...Retaining tool 31...Base material 32...Insertion hole 33...Upright wall 34...Pressing part 4...Anchor 41...Anchor body 42...Extension part 43...Male thread part 44...Core rod 45...Anti-loosening nut with seat 4 100...Tunnel 101...Tunnel inner wall 102...Lining concrete 103...Top end 104...Side part 105...Drilling CL...Tunnel center line LD...Direction of water-conducting sheet laying

Claims

1. a water guide sheet that is laid along the tunnel inner wall and has water guide ribs that are spaced apart and extend in the circumferential direction of the tunnel over the entire surface of its back surface, which is located on the tunnel inner wall side; A grid bar fixed to the water guide sheet; a pressing tool arranged to press the lattice reinforcement at a predetermined location toward the tunnel inner wall; an anchor for fixing the pressing tool so as to press it against the tunnel inner wall, A tunnel water conduction structure characterized in that the lattice bars at the upper end of the side water conduction sheet placed below are arranged to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap portion that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars at one peripheral end of the water conduction sheet for the top end that is placed above, and the lattice bars at the upper end of the water conduction sheet for the side, the water conduction sheet for the side, and the peripheral lap portion of the water conduction sheet for the top end are pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel by the clamp and the anchor.

2. 2. The tunnel water conduction structure according to claim 1, wherein the lattice bars at the upper end of the lower side water conduction sheet placed below are arranged to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped peripheral lap margins that protrude outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars at the lower end of the upper side water conduction sheet placed above, and the lattice bars at the upper end of the lower side water conduction sheet, the lower side water conduction sheet, and the peripheral lap margin of the upper side water conduction sheet are pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel by the pressing tool and the anchor.

3. The water guide sheet is made of a flexible material, The lattice reinforcement bars at the rear end of the second top end water guiding sheet are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped extended side lap portion that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice reinforcement bars at the front end of the first top end water guiding sheet, and the lattice reinforcement bars at the rear end of the second top end water guiding sheet, the second top end water guiding sheet, and the extended side lap portion of the first top end water guiding sheet are pressed against the tunnel inner wall side with the pressing tool and the anchor, 2. The tunnel water conduction structure according to claim 1, wherein the lattice bars at the rear end of the second side water conduction sheet are arranged so as to overlap from the outside with the band-shaped extended side lap portion that protrudes outward in the tunnel extension direction from the lattice bars at the front end of the first side water conduction sheet, and the lattice bars at the rear end of the second side water conduction sheet, the second side water conduction sheet, and the extended side lap portion of the first side water conduction sheet are pressed against the tunnel inner wall by the clamp and the anchor.

4. 4. A tunnel water conduction structure according to claim 1, wherein the lattice bars at the upper end of the water conduction sheet for another side portion, which is placed below, are arranged to overlap from the outside with a band-shaped peripheral lap portion that protrudes outward in the circumferential direction of the tunnel from the lattice bars at the other peripheral end of the water conduction sheet for the top end, which is placed above, and the lattice bars at the upper end of the water conduction sheet for the other side, the water conduction sheet for the other side, and the peripheral lap portion of the water conduction sheet for the top end are pressed against the inner wall of the tunnel by the pressing tool and the anchor.

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