Electrostatic friction pulse generator

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrostatic friction generator of a moving member in the form of a flow of material particles. The present invention relates to the technical effect of providing an electrostatic friction pulse generator with an innovative arrangement. The technical effect is realized by an electrostatic friction pulse generator, which is realized in the form of a hollow cylinder, further comprising a device for providing an air flow with material particles along the cylinder surface. The materials of the cylinder and the material are selected so that the friction of the flow of material particles and the cylinder surface induces opposite charges on the cylinder surface and on the material particles. The electrodes and the current collectors connected to the load are oriented along the axis of the cylinder, with a gap between them. The device for providing an air flow with material particles is provided in the form of a mesh, which is located at the top and bottom of the cylinder and is configured to bounce the air flow with material particles. Furthermore, an axial fan is located below the upper mesh, sucks in air, and has blades with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrostatic friction generator for a moving member which is of the type of particle flow of material. [Background technology]

[0002] A known electrostatic friction generator includes a passage of finite length inside a tube; a device for making the material particles flow along its axis in the passage; and a current collector for discharging the opposing charges. The current collector includes a mesh-type current collector used for discharging the charge from the material particles and a current collector used for discharging the charge from the inner wall of the passage, the current collector being connected to a load near the inlet opening (Russian Patent Application Publication No. 2006117750, published December 2007). The material of the inner wall of the passage is selected so that the flow of the material particles and the friction of the inner wall of the passage induce opposing charges on the inner wall of the passage and the material particles. Dielectric materials, particularly polymeric materials, can be used as the material of the inner wall of the passage. The device for providing the flow of the material particles can include a canister for storing and supplying the material particles and a device for supplying a gas with suspended material particles into the inlet opening of the passage.

[0003] A drawback of existing devices is that the electrostatic friction generator cannot be operated in a pulsed mode. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Russian Patent Application Publication No. 2006117750 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT It is an object of the present invention to achieve the technical effect of providing an electrostatic friction pulse generator having an innovative arrangement. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The technical effect is realized by an electrostatic friction pulse generator, the form of which is a hollow cylinder and a device for providing an airflow with material particles along the cylinder surface. The material of the cylinder and the material of the substance are selected so that opposing charges are induced on the cylinder surface and on the material particles by friction of the material particle flow and the cylinder surface. Electrodes and current collectors connected to a load are oriented along the axis of the cylinder with a space between them. The device for providing an airflow with material particles is provided in the form of a mesh, the mesh being located at the top and bottom of the cylinder and arranged to bounce the airflow with material particles. An axial fan located below the upper mesh further draws in air, the diameter of its blades being smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the hollow cylinder is provided with a device for feeding material particles or air containing material particles into the internal cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the hollow cylinder is circular and straight.

[0009] Preferably, a dielectric material is used as the cylinder material.

[0010] Preferably, the electrodes are provided in the form of metal rods.

[0011] Preferably, the electrodes have a sharp or rounded tip facing the current collector.

[0012] Preferably, the current collector is provided in the form of a metal bar pointed to a sharp or rounded tip of the electrode.

[0013] Preferably, the device for providing a flow of particles of material along the surface of the cylinder reliably ensures that the particles flow along the inner surface of the cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the cylinder has a two-layer grounded outer metal housing.

[0015] Preferably, the device for providing a flow of particles of material along the inner surface of the cylinder is arranged to simultaneously provide a flow of particles of material in a backward direction along the electrode after passing along the inner surface of the cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the hollow cylinder is oriented vertically.

[0017] Preferably, the upper mesh is solid.

[0018] Preferably, the upper mesh is disposed in a hemispherical configuration.

[0019] Preferably, the upper mesh is made of metal and is grounded.

[0020] In one embodiment, the lower mesh is solid.

[0021] Preferably, the lower mesh is provided in the form of a metal grid which is connected to the electrodes and attached to the cylinder via insulating members.

[0022] Preferably, the metal grid of the lower mesh is a metal strip, which is oriented radially and connected to the electrodes.

[0023] Preferably, the plane of the metal strip is oriented at an angle to the grid surface of the lower mesh.

[0024] Preferably, the lower mesh grid is arranged to have a tapered shape.

[0025] The present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electrostatic friction pulse generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The electrostatic friction pulse generator of the present invention is realized in the form of a vertical hollow, circular, straight cylinder 2, filled with air containing material particles 14. The cylinder 2 is made of a dielectric material and has a grounded outer metal housing 1. At the top of the cylinder 2, there is a grounded upper metal mesh 6 provided in the form of a metallic hemisphere. A lower mesh 5 provided in the form of a tapered grid is attached to the bottom of the cylinder 2. An electrode 3 is oriented along the axis of the cylinder 2 and is further held in a vertical position by the lower mesh 5.

[0028] The material of the object and the material of the hollow cylinder are selected based on the following facts: When two objects of the same chemical nature rub against each other, the most matching object will carry a positive charge. When rubbing with a dielectric material, metals can carry a positive or negative charge. When rubbing two dielectric materials, the most tolerant dielectric material will carry a positive charge. Materials can be arranged in a triboelectric series, with the previous object carrying a positive charge and the next object carrying a negative charge (Faraday's triboelectric series: (+) fur, flannel, ivory, feathers, quartz crystal, flint glass, cotton cloth, silk, wood, metal, sulfur (-)). Dielectric materials in the triboelectric series show decreasing hardness (Gezekhus series: (+) diamond (hardness 10), topaz (hardness 8), crystalline quartz (hardness 7), smooth glass (hardness 5), mica (hardness 3), calcite (hardness 3), sulfur (hardness 2), wax (hardness 1) (-)). Metals are characterized by increasing hardness.

[0029] The more the surface of the body being rubbed, the more electrostatic charging is observed. When dust is formed from the same body (dust on marble, glass, snow), the dust sliding over the body surface becomes negatively charged. Sifting powder also becomes charged.

[0030] The triboelectric effect in solids occurs due to the transfer of charge from one body to another. The triboelectric effect in metals and semiconductors occurs due to the transfer of electrons from a material with a relatively low work function (F) value to a material with a relatively high work function (F) value. During contact between a metal and a dielectric material, the triboelectric effect occurs due to the transfer of electrons from the metal to the dielectric material. During rubbing between two dielectric materials, the triboelectric effect occurs due to the diffusion of electrons and ions.

[0031] The airflow 8 containing the material particles 14 rubs against the inner surface of the cylinder 2, causing the inner surface of the cylinder 2 to become electrically charged (e.g., positively). After this, the airflow with the (negatively) charged material particles 14 forms an airflow 9. While the material particles 14 come into contact with the lower mesh 5, they transfer their charge to the lower mesh 5 and the electrode 3 connected thereto. In addition, the discharged material particles 14 are moved upward together with the airflow 10 by the axial fan 7 which sucks in air.

[0032] When the voltage of the electrode 3 reaches the burst voltage value of the gap on the side of the current collector 4, the (negative) charge induced on the surface of the electrode 3 is transferred to the current collector 4 and used by the consumers of the load 12. Upon contact with the lower mesh 5, the electrode 3 and the grounded upper mesh 6, the material particles 14 lose their charge, and when they are further bounced back by the upper mesh 6, they form an air flow 11 of uncharged material particles 14 and turn into an air flow 8. Furthermore, the material particles 14 become (negatively) charged again by friction with the inner surface of the cylinder 2. The voltage of the electrode 3 continues to rise until the gap on the side of the current collector 4 reaches the burst voltage value, and this process is constantly repeated. The cylinder 2 is charged to a certain voltage, and the discharge current of such cylinder 2 material can compensate for the charging current 8 caused by friction between the material particles 14 and the cylinder 2 surface.

[0033] This has resulted in the technical effect of providing an electrostatic friction pulse generator having an innovative arrangement. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] 1 Metal case 2. Hollow cylinder 3 electrodes 4 Current collector 5. Tapered grid-type lower mesh 6 Hemispherical upper mesh 7 Axial flow fan for sucking in air 8. Air flow containing material particles 14, the flow direction of the air flow is along the inner surface of the cylinder 9 Air flow containing material particles 14, which flows over the surface of the lower mesh 10 Air flow containing material particles 14, flowing along the electrode direction 11 Air flow containing material particles 14, flowing over the surface of the lower mesh 12 Load 13 Insulating materials 14 Matter particles

Claims

1. A hollow cylinder filled with air containing material particles; and a device for flowing the substance particles along the surface of the cylinder, wherein a material of the cylinder and a material of the substance particles are selected so that opposite charges are induced in the surface of the cylinder and the substance particles by friction between the substance particle flow and the surface of the cylinder; an electrode and a current collector connected to a load are spaced apart and oriented along the axis of the cylinder; and the device for providing the substance particle flow includes a mesh located at the upper and lower parts of the cylinder and configured to bounce the substance particle flow, and an axial fan located below the upper mesh, which draws in air and has blades whose diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder.

2. 2. An electrostatic friction pulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said hollow cylinder includes a means for feeding said material particles or air containing material particles into an internal cavity.

3. 2. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 1, wherein said hollow cylinder has a circular, straight shape.

4. 2. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 1, wherein said hollow cylinder is made of a dielectric material.

5. 2. An electrostatic friction pulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said electrodes are provided in the form of metal bars.

6. 5. An electrostatic friction pulse generator as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said electrodes have sharp or rounded tips facing said current collector.

7. 2. An electrostatic friction pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the current collector is provided in the form of a metal bar pointed to a sharp or rounded tip of the electrode.

8. 2. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 1, wherein said cylindrical body has a grounded outer metal housing.

9. 2. An electrostatic friction pulse generator as defined in claim 1, wherein the device for causing material particles to flow along the surface of the cylinder causes the material particles to flow along the inner surface of the cylinder.

10. 9. An electrostatic friction pulse generator as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the device for providing a flow of material particles along the inner surface of the cylinder is arranged to provide a flow of material particles along a rearward direction of the electrode after passing along the inner surface of the cylinder.

11. 2. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 1, wherein said hollow cylinder is oriented vertically.

12. 2. The electrostatic friction pulse generator according to claim 1, wherein the upper mesh is manufactured so as not to be hollow.

13. 12. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 11, wherein said upper mesh is provided in a hemispherical format.

14. 13. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 12, wherein the upper mesh is made of metal and is grounded.

15. 2. The electrostatic friction pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower mesh is manufactured so as not to be hollow.

16. 2. An electrostatic friction pulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lower mesh is provided in the form of a metal grid, said metal grid being connected to said electrodes and spaced apart from the inner surface of said cylinder.

17. 16. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 15, wherein the grid is made of metal strips, the metal strips being oriented radially and connected to the electrodes and attached to the cylindrical body via insulating members.

18. 17. The electrostatic friction pulse generator of claim 16, wherein the plane of the metal strip is oriented at an angle to the surface of the grid.

19. Electrostatic friction pulse generator according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the grating is provided in a tapered form.

Images