ACTUATOR, CHARGING LID AND VEHICLE

Abstract

An actuator, a charging lid, and a vehicle are provided. The actuator includes a motor (4), a transmission mechanism (5), a clutch mechanism (6), and an output shaft (66), the motor (4) is transmission-connected to the clutch mechanism (6) by the transmission mechanism (5), and the clutch mechanism (6) is connected to the output shaft (66). When the motor (4) drives the output shaft (66) to rotate, the transmission mechanism (6) is dynamically coupled to the output shaft (66) by the clutch mechanism (5), and when the output shaft (66) is driven to rotate by an external force, the transmission mechanism (6) is dynamically separated from the output shaft (66) by the clutch mechanism (5). The charging lid including the actuator has a function of preventing accidental opening. When the motor (4) fails and the charging lid cannot be opened normally, the user needs to apply a certain external force to manually open the charging lid, which can effectively prevent the charging lid from being accidentally opened by accidental external force.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. "202220769896.X" filed by BYD Company Limited on March 31, 2022, and entitled "Actuator, Charging Lid and Vehicle."

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent charging, and in particular to an actuator, a charging lid and a vehicle. [Background technology]

[0003] At present, new energy vehicles on the market mostly use manual opening charging lids like gasoline vehicles, and in order to facilitate control, some new energy vehicles use automatic opening electric charging lids, the general control method of which is to automatically open the charging lid by the motor, and in order to realize the emergency opening function, the internal structure of the electric charging lid does not have a self-locking function, and the driver can directly open the charging lid manually.

[0004] However, when a vehicle makes a sharp turn or brakes suddenly, the electric charging lid may be accidentally opened by excessive external force. In order to prevent the electric charging lid from being accidentally opened by excessive external force, the electric charging lid must have a self-locking function, but this does not provide an emergency opening function. Current electric charging lids cannot solve this problem. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present application aims to solve at least to some extent one of the technical problems in the related art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To this end, the present application provides an actuator.

[0007] The actuator according to the present application includes a motor, a transmission mechanism, a clutch mechanism, and an output shaft. The motor is power-transmittingly connected to the clutch mechanism by the transmission mechanism, and the clutch mechanism is connected to the output shaft. When the motor drives the output shaft to rotate, the transmission mechanism is dynamically coupled to the output shaft by the clutch mechanism, and when the output shaft is driven to rotate by an external force, the transmission mechanism is dynamically separated from the output shaft by the clutch mechanism.

[0008] As a result, the charging lid including the actuator has a function of preventing accidental opening. If the motor breaks down and the charging lid cannot be opened normally, the user needs to apply a certain external force to manually open the charging lid, which can effectively prevent the charging lid from being opened accidentally due to an external force.

[0009] The present application further provides a charging lid, the charging lid including the actuator and a cap, the rotation shaft of the cap being fitted with the output shaft.

[0010] The present application further provides a vehicle, the vehicle including the charging lid and a transmitting device that transmits a start signal to the motor.

[0011] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a first view of a clutch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a second view of a clutch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4]1 is a partial schematic structural diagram of a clutch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 5] 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first meshing portion according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission gear according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] 3A and 3B are structural diagrams of an elastic member according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a retaining ring according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] 1 is a structural diagram of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a charging lid according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0013] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, and the same or similar reference numerals throughout indicate the same or similar parts or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are merely illustrative and are intended to interpret the present application, but should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, the actuator according to the present embodiment includes a housing, which includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2. An accommodation cavity 3 is formed between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2. A motor 4, a transmission mechanism 5, and a clutch mechanism 6 are provided inside the accommodation cavity 3. The length of the side of the accommodation cavity 3 that accommodates the motor 4 is longer than the length of the side of the accommodation cavity 3 that accommodates the clutch mechanism 6. The transmission mechanism 5 is a worm gear. A worm 41 is provided at the output end of the motor 4, and a worm wheel end 51 of the transmission mechanism 5 is transmission-connected to the worm 41. A worm end 52 of the transmission mechanism is transmission-connected to a transmission member in the clutch mechanism 6, and the transmission member is a transmission gear 61. The axis of the motor 4 and the axis of the transmission mechanism 5 are perpendicular to each other, and the axis of the motor and the axis of the main shaft 62 of the clutch mechanism 6 are parallel to each other. The lower housing 2 is L-shaped, and the entire actuator is arranged in an L-shape, which is more suitable for the overall arrangement inside the vehicle body. Of course, the transmission mechanism 5 is not limited to a worm gear, and may be a pulley transmission mechanism, a gear train transmission mechanism, or other transmission mechanisms capable of achieving the same function, and the worm gear is only one of them.

[0015] 2 and 3, the clutch mechanism 6 includes a main shaft 62 and a baffle 65, and a transmission gear 61, a coupling 63, an elastic member 64, and a baffle 65 are fitted around the main shaft 62 in the axial direction in this order. An output shaft 66 is fixed to the baffle 65. A first end of the main shaft 62 is engaged with the transmission gear 61, and a second end of the main shaft 62 is fixedly connected to the baffle 65, and the transmission gear 61 rotates around the main shaft 62. A second end of the elastic member 64 abuts against the baffle 65, and a first end of the elastic member 64 abuts against the coupling 63. The coupling 63 and the elastic member 64 are press-fitted between the transmission gear 61 and the baffle 65. When the motor 4 drives the worm 41 to rotate, the worm 41 drives the worm wheel end 51 to rotate, the worm end 52 drives the transmission gear 61 to rotate, and the transmission gear 61 drives the output shaft 66 to rotate via the main shaft 62. In this embodiment, the transmission fit between the main shaft 62 and the transmission gear 61 is a pin fit.

[0016] As shown in Figs. 4 to 6, the coupling 63 includes a first meshing portion 631 and a second meshing portion 632 that mesh with each other, a transmission groove 633 is formed in the first meshing portion 631, a transmission shaft 621 is provided on the main shaft 62, and the transmission shaft 621 is fitted into the transmission groove 633. A first side of the first meshing portion 631 abuts against an end face of the elastic member 64, and a second side of the second meshing portion 632 is fixed to an end face of the first side of the transmission gear 61. At least two first convex portions 6311 are provided in the first meshing portion 631 and spaced apart from each other, and a first recess 6312 is formed between adjacent first convex portions 6311. The second meshing portion 632 includes at least two second convex portions 6321 and spaced apart from each other, and a second recess 6322 is formed between adjacent second convex portions 6321. The first convex portion 6311 fits into the second concave portion 6322. The second convex portion 6321 fits into the first concave portion 6312.

[0017] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the charging lid from being opened accidentally, the transmission gear 61 of the clutch mechanism 6 and the worm end 52 of the transmission mechanism 5 are in a self-locked state, that is, the motor 4 can drive the transmission gear 61 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 5, but conversely, the output shaft 66 cannot drive the worm end 52 of the transmission mechanism 5 in the reverse direction through the transmission gear 61. When the motor 4 cannot operate normally, the charging lid needs to be opened manually, and when the charging lid is opened manually, the charging lid drives the output shaft 66 to rotate, and the output shaft 66 drives the first meshing portion 631 to rotate through the transmission shaft 621. Since the transmission gear 61 and the worm end 52 are in a self-locking state and the second meshing portion 632 is fixed to the transmission gear 61, the second meshing portion 632 is fixed to the original position, and when the first meshing portion 631 rotates, the first convex portion 6311 moves relatively on the guide surface of the corresponding second convex portion 6321, so that the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632 are disengaged, thereby realizing dynamic separation between the output shaft 66 and the transmission mechanism 5. Therefore, the output shaft 66 can be driven to rotate by an external force, and the charging lid can be manually opened. In addition, the elastic member 64 abuts the coupling 63 against the transmission gear 61, and applies a certain tightening force to the coupling 63, which corresponds to the elastic member 64 tightening the coupling 63. When it is necessary to drive and rotate the coupling 63 by an external force, it is necessary to apply a certain amount of external force to rotate the coupling 63 to realize dynamic separation between the output shaft 66 and the transmission mechanism 5. This makes it difficult for the output shaft 66 to be erroneously driven by an accidental external force in an emergency, and makes it difficult for the charging lid to be erroneously opened.

[0018] In this embodiment, the number of the first protrusions 6311 and the second protrusions 6321 is four. The central angle formed between adjacent first protrusions 6311 is 90°, and when the output shaft 66 rotates by 90°, the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632 are recoupled, and at this time, a stable state is established, and the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632 do not slide relative to each other. The charging lid also rotates 90°, making it easy for the user to directly insert the charging connector into the charging port.

[0019] In addition, the number of the first convex portion 6311 and the second convex portion 6321 is at least two. When the number of the first convex portion 6311 and the second convex portion 6321 is two, the output shaft needs to be rotated 180° to rejoin the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632, and the required rotation angle is too large, so this means can be theoretically implemented but is unlikely to be used in practice. When the number of the first convex portion 6311 and the second convex portion 6321 is three, the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632 can be rejoined by simply rotating the output shaft 120°. If the number of first protrusions 6311 and second protrusions 6321 is five, the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632 can be recoupled by simply rotating the output shaft by 72°, but in this case, the opening of the charging lid is too small, which is disadvantageous for inserting the charging connector, and in this case, the charging lid needs to be rotated again by 72° to recouple the first meshing portion 631 and the second meshing portion 632, which is inconvenient. For the above reasons, the number of first protrusions 6311 and second protrusions 6321 can be set to three or four.

[0020] 7, the elastic member 64 may be a disk spring, a wave spring, or a compression spring. A second end of the elastic member 64 abuts against the baffle 65, and a first end of the elastic member 64 abuts against the coupling 63. The elastic member 64 applies a clamping force to the coupling 63, causing the coupling 63 to abut against the transmission gear 61 and clamping the coupling 63.

[0021] As shown in Figures 4 and 8, a mounting groove 622 is formed in the main shaft 62, a retaining ring 623 is provided inside the mounting groove 622, and a stopper portion 6231 is provided on the retaining ring 623, and the stopper portion 6231 abuts against the second side end face away from the second meshing portion 632 of the transmission gear 61.

[0022] In the above-mentioned means, the stopper portion 6231 abuts against the second end face of the transmission gear 61, thereby performing a stopping action on the transmission gear 61 in the axial direction of the main shaft 62, thereby preventing the transmission gear 61 from coming off the main shaft 62 during rotation.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 9, a socket 7 is provided on the lower housing 2, and a cable on the vehicle is inserted into the socket 7. The cable transmits an activation signal to the motor 4 through the socket 7, causing the motor 4 to rotate and drive the charging lid to open.

[0024] 10, the charging lid according to this embodiment includes the actuator, and further includes a cap 8, in which a rotating shaft 81 is provided, and the rotating shaft 81 is fitted with the output shaft 66. When the output shaft 66 rotates, it drives and rotates the rotating shaft 81, thereby driving and inverting the cap 8, exposing the charging port, and inserting the charging connector for charging.

[0025] The vehicle according to this embodiment includes the charging lid, and further includes a transmitting device that transmits a start signal to the motor.

[0026] In this embodiment, the transmitting device is a cable, and a socket 7 is provided on the housing of the actuator, and the cable is inserted into the socket 7. When the charging lid needs to be opened, an opening signal is sent to the charging lid by the central control screen of the car, and the motor starts to rotate after receiving the activation signal sent from the cable, thereby rotating the cap 8 and exposing the charging port, at which time the user inserts the charging connector into the charging port to charge the vehicle. The transmitting device is not limited to a cable, and may be other devices with similar functions.

[0027] In addition, in the description of the present application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "up," "down," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely intended to facilitate and simplify the description of the present application, and do not indicate or suggest that the devices or parts shown must have a specific orientation, be configured, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] Additionally, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or suggest a relative importance or to imply a number of technical features depicted. Thus, a feature qualified with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature. In the present description, "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly and specifically limited.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "attached," "coupled," "connected," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and may refer to, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, an internal communication between two parts, or an interaction relationship between two parts. A person skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific situation.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include direct contact between the first feature and the second feature, and may include indirect contact between the first feature and the second feature via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above" or "on the upper surface" of a second feature may include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, and may only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below" or "on the lower surface" of a second feature may include the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, and may only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this specification, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms are not necessarily limited to the same embodiment or example. In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be appropriately combined in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, if not mutually inconsistent, a person skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The motor includes a transmission mechanism, a clutch mechanism, and an output shaft. the motor is power-transmittingly connected to the clutch mechanism by the transmission mechanism; The clutch mechanism is connected to the output shaft, When the motor drives the output shaft to rotate, the transmission mechanism is dynamically coupled to the output shaft by the clutch mechanism; An actuator, wherein the transmission mechanism is dynamically decoupled from the output shaft by the clutch mechanism when an external force drives the output shaft to rotate.

2. The clutch mechanism includes a main shaft and a baffle. A transmission gear, a coupling, and an elastic member are fitted in this order along the axial direction of the main shaft, A first end of the main shaft is engaged with the transmission gear, a second end of the shaft fixedly connected to the baffle; The actuator according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling and the elastic member are press-fitted between the transmission gear and the baffle.

3. The coupling includes a first meshing portion and a second meshing portion that fit together, a first side of the first engagement portion abuts against an end surface of the elastic member; The actuator according to claim 2 , wherein a second side of the second meshing portion is fixed to an end surface of the first side of the transmission gear.

4. The first meshing portion includes at least two first protruding portions spaced apart from each other, and a first recess is formed between adjacent first protruding portions; The second meshing portion includes at least two second protruding portions spaced apart from each other, and a second recess is formed between adjacent second protruding portions. The first protrusion is fitted into the second recess, The actuator according to claim 3 , wherein the second protrusion is fitted into the first recess.

5. The actuator according to claim 4 , wherein the first convex portion and the second convex portion are in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid or an arc.

6. 6. The actuator according to claim 3, wherein a transmission groove is formed in the first engagement portion, a transmission shaft is formed in the main shaft, and the transmission shaft and the transmission groove are engaged with each other for transmission.

7. 7. The actuator according to claim 3, wherein an attachment groove is formed in the main shaft, a retaining ring is provided inside the attachment groove, and a stopper portion is provided on the retaining ring, and the stopper portion abuts against an end face on a second side away from the second meshing portion of the transmission gear.

8. The first meshing portion includes four first protrusions spaced apart from each other, and a first recess is formed between adjacent first protrusions, The second meshing portion includes four second protrusions spaced apart from each other, and second recesses are formed between adjacent second protrusions, The first protrusion is fitted into the second recess, The actuator according to claim 4, wherein the second protrusion is fitted into the first recess.

9. The actuator according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the transmission mechanism is a worm gear, a worm is provided at an output end of the motor, a worm wheel end of the worm gear is power-transmittingly connected to the worm, and a worm end of the worm gear is power-transmittingly connected to the transmission gear.

10. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an axis of the motor and an axis of the transmission mechanism are perpendicular to each other, and an axis of the motor and an axis of the clutch mechanism are parallel to each other.

11. 11. The actuator according to claim 1, further comprising a housing, the housing including an upper housing and a lower housing, an accommodating cavity being formed between the upper housing and the lower housing, and the motor, the transmission mechanism and the clutch mechanism being all provided inside the accommodating cavity.

12. The actuator of claim 11 , wherein the lower housing is L-shaped.

13. Including the actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, The charging lid further includes a cap, the rotation shaft of the cap being fitted with the output shaft.

14. The charging lid of claim 13, wherein when the motor drives the cap to rotate, the transmission mechanism is dynamically coupled to the cap by the clutch mechanism, and when the cap is driven to rotate by an external force, the transmission mechanism is dynamically separated from the cap by the clutch mechanism.

15. The charging lid according to claim 13 or 14, A vehicle including a transmitter that transmits an activation signal to the motor.

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