Knockdown stair and knockdown stair kit

Abstract

To provide an assembly type staircase and an assembly type staircase kit capable of reducing transportation cost, storage cost, manufacturing cost and repair cost.SOLUTION: The prefabricated staircase 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of tread units 10, a plurality of kick plate units 20, two side plates 30, and a plurality of bearing bolts 40, wherein the plurality of tread units 10 and the plurality of kick plate units 20 are arranged in a staircase shape, the plurality of bearing bolts 40 communicate with insertion holes 31 of the two side plates 30 and a tread insertion passage 12 and are fastened by bolts, and the plurality of bearing bolts 40 communicate with the insertion holes 31 of the two side plates 30 and a kick plate insertion passage 22 and are fastened by bolts. A plurality of tread units 10 and a plurality of kick plate units 20 are held between two side plates 30. This knockdown stair kit 1a is composed of a combination of a plurality of tread units 10, a plurality of kick plate units 20, two side plates 30 and a plurality of bearing bolts 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a prefabricated staircase and a prefabricated staircase kit, and more particularly to a prefabricated staircase and a prefabricated staircase kit that can reduce transportation costs, storage costs, manufacturing costs, and repair costs. [Background technology]

[0002] Steel-framed structures (S-frame construction) are used in large structures such as logistics warehouses and factories, as they can secure large spaces using steel support columns and beams. In steel-framed structures, steel stairs are installed to allow people to move between floors or to bypass equipment. Steel stairs consist of treads, kick plates, and side plates (stringers). Steel stairs are manufactured in a factory by welding the treads and kick plates between the side plates and coating the surface with anti-rust paint. They are then transported to the construction site by truck or other means of transportation and installed on the structure. Patent Document 1 discloses an iron staircase that has a lower fixing portion for connecting with an anchor bolt protruding from the floor surface of the floor below. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-95989 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The conventional technology has the following problems. <1> Because of its diagonally protruding three-dimensional shape, it requires a large space for transportation and storage due to its poor packing. Particularly when manufactured overseas and imported, it takes up a large amount of the limited space inside the container on the ship, resulting in high transportation and storage costs. <2> Procurement costs are high because the products are made to order according to the design of the structure. <3> If a component is damaged, it cannot be replaced on an individual component basis, and must be replaced as a unit or repaired by on-site welding, resulting in high repair costs.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated staircase and a prefabricated staircase kit that solves the problems of the prior art as described above. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The modular staircase of the present invention comprises a plurality of tread units each having a rectangular tread and a tread insertion passage connecting the front edges of the treads in the width direction, a plurality of kick plate units each having a rectangular kick plate and a kick plate insertion passage connecting the upper edges of the kick plate in the width direction, two side plates each having a plurality of insertion holes connecting both sides, and a plurality of support bolts.The plurality of tread units and kick plate units are arranged in a stepped pattern between the two parallel side plates, increasing in height from the rear to the front, the rear edges of the tread units are supported by the top of the kick plate units, and the plurality of support bolts are bolted in communication with the insertion holes in the two side plates and the tread insertion passages, and the plurality of support bolts are bolted in communication with the insertion holes in the two side plates and the kick plate insertion passages, thereby sandwiching the plurality of tread units and kick plate units between the two side plates.

[0007] In the modular staircase of the present invention, the tread insertion passage and / or the kick board insertion passage may be a tubular body, and a certain gap may be secured between the inner surface of the tubular body and the outer surface of the bearing bolt.

[0008] In the knockdown staircase of the present invention, the kick board insertion passage may comprise a square tube and a cylindrical tube fitted inside the square tube, and the rear edge of the tread may be supported from below by the upper surface of the square tube.

[0009] In the modular staircase of the present invention, the kick board unit may include a support portion extending rearward from the lower edge of the kick board, and the upper surface of the support portion may support the front edge of the tread from below.

[0010] In the prefabricated staircase of the present invention, the kick board unit may include a kick board buffer portion provided on the upper surface of the support portion.

[0011] The assembly stair kit of the present invention is characterized by being composed of a combination of a plurality of tread units, a plurality of kick units, and two side panels. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] The assembly staircase and assembly staircase kit of the present invention have at least one of the following advantages due to the above-mentioned structure. <1> Because the components can be disassembled and transported individually, and the components are packed flat, space efficiency is high, and they can be transported and stored in a smaller space than with conventional technology. This allows for significant reductions in transportation and storage costs. <2> The footboard unit and kickboard unit are made of common components, and by simply changing the size of the side panels and the position of the holes depending on the design of the structure, it can accommodate a variety of designs, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. <3> If a component is damaged, it can be partially disassembled and only the damaged component replaced, reducing repair costs. <4> Because the load on the tread is distributed and supported throughout the entire structure, the structural members can be designed to be thin and lightweight, which reduces manufacturing and transportation costs. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] Diagram of a prefabricated staircase [Figure 2] Assembly stair kit diagram [Figure 3] Step unit diagram [Figure 4] Explanation of kick board unit [Figure 5] Diagram showing how to assemble a prefabricated staircase DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The prefabricated staircase and prefabricated staircase kit of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In this invention, directional terms such as "up," "down," "front," "rear," and "side" refer to the respective directions when the prefabricated staircase is viewed from the front, from the lower floor (rear) to the upper floor (front). [Example]

[0015] <1> Assembled staircase (Figure 1) The prefabricated staircase 1 of the present invention is a prefabricated staircase to be installed in a structure. The prefabricated staircase 1 comprises at least a plurality of tread units 10, a plurality of kick units 20, two side plates 30, and a plurality of bearing bolts 40. In detail, a plurality of step units 10 and a plurality of kick unit 20 are arranged in a stepped pattern between two side plates 30 arranged in parallel, the rear edge of the step unit 10 is supported by the upper part of the kick unit 20, and a plurality of support bolts 40 are bolted in communication with the two side plates 30 and the step unit 10 and kick unit 20, thereby sandwiching the step unit 10 and kick unit 20 between the two side plates 30. In this example, each component of the prefabricated staircase 1 is made of iron, and the surface is coated with anti-rust paint. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the components may be made of steel, stainless steel, aluminum, FRP, or the like.

[0016] <1.1> Assembled staircase kit (Figure 2) The prefabricated staircase kit 1 a is a kit for assembling the prefabricated staircase 1 . The assembly staircase kit 1a is composed of a combination of a plurality of tread units 10, a plurality of kick units 20, two side plates 30, and a plurality of bearing bolts 40. The assembly staircase 1 of the present invention can be disassembled into its component parts, such as the tread units 10, and stored and transported individually as assembly staircase kits 1a. This allows identical components to be stored stacked and reduced in volume, improving space efficiency and significantly reducing transportation and storage costs.

[0017] <2> Tread unit (Fig. 3) The step unit 10 is a plate-shaped unit that is arranged horizontally. The step unit 10 includes at least a step 11 and a step insertion passage 12. In this example, the step unit 10 further includes a step buffer portion 13. The tread 11 is a planar, rectangular body with a front edge 11a and a rear edge 11b. In this example, a checkered steel plate is used for the tread 11, with both sides of the checkered steel plate bent downward and reinforcing ribs welded to the underside of the checkered steel plate in the front-to-rear direction. However, the structure of the tread 11 is not limited to this, and it may be, for example, a box-like structure with an open bottom. The step board insertion passage 12 is provided below the front edge 11 a of the step board 11 . The tread buffer portion 13 is provided below the rear edge 11b of the tread 11. The tread buffer portion 13 is, for example, a rubber sheet attached to the underside of the tread 11.

[0018] <2.1> Step passage The step insertion passage 12 is a passage through which the bearing bolt 40 is inserted. The step board insertion passage 12 connects the front side 11a of the step board 11 in the width direction. In this example, a combination of a square tube 12a and a cylindrical tube 12b fitted inside the square tube 12a is used as the step insertion passage 12, and the top surface of the square tube 12a is welded to the underside of the step 11. The square tube 12a is, for example, a square steel pipe, and the cylindrical tube 12b is, for example, a circular steel pipe. In this example, the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube 12b is made larger than the outer diameter of the bearing bolt 40, ensuring a certain gap between the inner surface of the cylindrical tube 12b and the outer surface of the bearing bolt 40. The structure of the tread passage 12 is not limited to the above, and for example, the tread passage 12 may be composed of only the cylindrical pipe 12b or only the square tubular pipe 12a. Alternatively, holes that connect the tread 11 in the width direction may be drilled on both sides of the tread 11 that are bent downward, and the bearing bolts 40 may be inserted into these holes to serve as the tread passage 12.

[0019] <3> Kickboard unit (Figure 4) The kick board unit 20 is a plate-shaped unit that is arranged in the vertical direction. The kick plate unit 20 includes at least a kick plate 21 and a kick plate insertion passage 22. In this example, it also includes a support portion 23 and a kick plate buffer portion 24. Kick board 21 is a planar body that is rectangular in front view and has an upper side 21a and a lower side 21b. The width of kick board 21 is matched to the width of tread board 11. In this example, kick board 21 is made of checkered steel plate, just like tread board 11, with both sides of the checkered steel plate bent forward and reinforcing ribs welded in the vertical direction to the front of the checkered steel plate. However, the structure of kick board 21 is not limited to this and may be, for example, a box-like structure with an open bottom. The kick plate insertion passage 22 is provided in front of the upper side 21 a of the kick plate 21 . The support portion 23 extends rearward from the lower side 21b of the kick board 21.

[0020] <3.1> Kickboard insertion passage The kick plate insertion passage 22 is a passage through which the bearing bolt 40 is inserted. The kick plate insertion passage 22 connects the upper side 21a of the kick plate 21 in the width direction. In this example, a combination of a square tube 22a and a cylindrical tube 22b fitted inside the square tube 22a is used as the kick plate insertion passage 22, and the rear surface of the square tube 22a is welded to the front surface of the kick plate 21. The square tube 22a is, for example, a square steel pipe, and the cylindrical tube 22b is, for example, a circular steel pipe. In this example, the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube 22b is made larger than the outer diameter of the bearing bolt 40, ensuring a certain gap between the inner surface of the cylindrical tube 22b and the outer surface of the bearing bolt 40. The structure of the kick plate insertion passage 22 is not limited to the above, and for example, the kick plate insertion passage 22 may be composed of only cylindrical pipes 22b or only square tubular pipes 22a. Alternatively, holes that communicate with the kick plate 21 in the width direction may be drilled on both sides of the kick plate 21 that are bent forward, and the bearing bolts 40 may be inserted into these holes to serve as the kick plate insertion passage 22.

[0021] <3.2> Support part The support portion 23 is a member that supports the step unit 10. Support portion 23 can be formed, for example, by bending bottom side 21b of kick board 21 backward by 90 degrees. However, this is not limiting, and support portion 23 may be formed, for example, by a plurality of hook-shaped protrusions protruding backward from bottom side 21b of kick board 21. In this example, a kick plate buffer 24 is provided on the upper surface of the support portion 23. The kick plate buffer 24 is, for example, a rubber sheet attached to the upper surface of the support portion 23.

[0022] <4> Side panel The side panels 30 are structural members that sandwich the tread unit 10 and the kick unit 20 from the sides. The side panels 30 are made of long surface materials extending in the ascending and descending direction of the stairs. The side panels 30 have a plurality of insertion holes 31 that communicate with both sides. The positions of the insertion holes 31 correspond to the positions of the tread insertion passages 12 and kick insertion passages 22 in the design of the prefabricated staircase 1, and are arranged in the same positions on the two side panels 30. A handrail (not shown) may be provided on the top of the side panel 30.

[0023] <5> bearing bolt The bearing bolt 40 is a member that restrains the tread unit 10 and the kick unit 20 via the side plate 30. The bearing bolt 40 includes a long bolt body 41 and a nut 42. The bolt body 41 is a fully threaded bolt or a bolt with a thread at the tip, and has a length corresponding to the width of the assembled staircase 1, i.e., the width of the tread unit 10 or kick unit 20 and the thickness of the two side panels 30. The prefabricated staircase 1 of the present invention is not structured to support the load on the tread unit 10 solely by the shear force of the bolt body 41, but is structured to support the load by clamping it between the side plates 30 using the axial force of the bolt body 41, as will be described later. For this reason, the bolt body 41 does not need to have an extremely large diameter, as long as it has a diameter that can withstand the required axial force.

[0024] <6> How to assemble a prefabricated staircase (Figure 5) The prefabricated staircase 1 can be assembled by (1) erecting two side panels 30, (2) temporarily fastening the lower kick panel unit 20 to the side panel 30, (3) temporarily fastening the upper kick panel unit 20 to the side panel 30, (4) installing a tread unit 10 between the upper and lower kick panel units 20 and temporarily fastening it to the side panel 30, repeating these steps from the lower to the upper section, and finally (5) tightening all the support bolts 40 to integrate them. The prefabricated staircase 1 of the present invention can be constructed in stages from bottom to top using the tread units 10 temporarily fastened to the side panels 30 as scaffolding, thereby eliminating the need to work on unstable scaffolding such as step ladders and increasing the safety of construction.

[0025] <6.1> Installation of side panels Two side panels 30 are laid in parallel across the lower and upper floors of the structure, and the upper and lower parts of the side panels 30 are temporarily fixed to the framework of the lower and upper floors.

[0026] <6.2> Temporarily fastening the kick board unit The kick plate insertion passage 22 of the kick plate unit 20 is aligned with the insertion hole 31 at the bottom of the side plate 30 , and the bolt body 41 is communicated with the insertion hole 31 and the kick plate insertion passage 22 from the side of the side plate 30 . In this example, the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube 22b of the kick plate insertion passage 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the bolt body 41, so even if there is a slight error in the drilling position of the side panel 30, the error can be absorbed by the gap between the cylindrical tube 22b and the bolt body 41. A washer and a nut 42 are screwed onto the bolt end of the bolt body 41 protruding on the opposite side of the side plate 30, and the kick plate unit 20 is temporarily fastened to the side plate 30. The upper kick board unit 20 is temporarily fastened to the upper insertion hole 31 by the same procedure.

[0027] <6.3> Temporarily fastening the footboard unit The tread unit 10 is placed between the lower kick board unit 20 and the upper kick board unit 20. At this time, the underside of the square tubular pipe 12a of the tread insertion passage 12 is placed on the support part 23 of the upper kick board unit 20, and the rear edge 11b of the tread 11 is placed on the upper surface of the square tubular pipe 22a of the lower kick board unit 20. A bolt body 41 is communicated from the side of the side plate 30 into the insertion hole 31 and the step insertion passage 12, and a washer and a nut 42 are screwed onto the bolt end of the bolt body 41 protruding on the opposite side of the side plate 30, thereby temporarily fastening the step unit 10 to the side plate 30.

[0028] <6.4> Tightening of bearing bolts After all the tread units 10 and kick units 20 have been temporarily fastened, the bearing bolts 40 are tightened with a predetermined torque to perform final tightening. By fastening the support bolts 40, the two side plates 30 are supported inward, and the two side plates 30 restrain the plurality of tread units 10 and the plurality of kick plate units 20 from the sides, so that the tread unit 10 and the plurality of kick plate units 20 are fixed integrally between the side plates 30. The assembly method of the prefabricated stairs is not limited to the above. For example, the tread unit 10 and kick unit 20 may be attached with the side panel 30 lying on its side, and the prefabricated stairs 1 may be assembled on the ground sideways and then lifted up and installed.

[0029] <7> Distributed support function One of the features of the prefabricated staircase 1 is that the load acting on the tread 11 of the tread unit 10 can be distributed and supported by the entire structure by connecting the tread unit 10 and the kick unit 20. When the assembled staircase 1 is in use, when the weight of a person going up or down is placed on the tread 11, the side plates 30 support the tread unit 10 by bearing pressure from both sides in the width direction, and at the same time, the support part 23 of the upper kick unit 20 and the kick insertion passage 22 of the lower kick unit 20 support the front and rear of the tread unit 10 from below. More specifically, the support portion 23 of the upper kick plate unit 20 comes into contact with the underside of the tread passage 12, and elastically supports the tread plate unit 10 via the kick plate buffer portion 24 on the support portion 23. The upper surface of the square tube 22a of the lower kick plate unit 20 comes into contact with the underside of the rear edge 11b of the tread 11, and elastically supports the tread plate unit 10 via the tread plate buffer portion 13 on the underside of the tread 11. As described above, by distributing and supporting the load on the tread 11 across the entire structure, each structural member can be designed to be thin and lightweight, thereby reducing the manufacturing and transportation costs of the structural members. [Example]

[0030] [Example of tread and kick unit arranged side by side in the width direction] The number of tread unit 10 and kick unit 20 sandwiched between side plates 30 is not limited to one per step. In this example, two tread units 10 are arranged side by side in the width direction and fastened together by long bearing bolts 40 passing through the continuous tread insertion passages 12. Similarly, two kick plate units 20 are also arranged side by side in the width direction and fastened together by bearing bolts 40. In this example, the width of the prefabricated staircase 1 can be increased by more than two times by using the tread unit 10 and kick unit 20 of a single standard. The number of tread units 10 and kick units 20 arranged in parallel is not limited to two, but may be three or more. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1. Assembled stairs 1a Assembly Stair Kit 10 Tread unit 11 Treadboard 11a Front side 11b Back side 12 Step insertion passage 12a square tube 12b Cylindrical tube 13 Tread buffer section 20 Kickboard unit 21 Kickboard 21a Top 21b bottom edge 22 Kickboard insertion passage 22a square tube 22b Cylindrical tube 23 Support part 24 Kick buffer section 30 Side Panel 31 Insertion hole 40 Bearing bolt 41 Bolt body 42 Nut

Claims

1. A plurality of step board units each including a rectangular step board and a step board insertion passage that connects the front sides of the step boards in the width direction; A plurality of kick plate units each including a rectangular kick plate and a kick plate insertion passage that connects the upper side of the kick plate in the width direction; two side plates each having a plurality of insertion holes communicating with both sides; a plurality of bearing bolts; The plurality of tread units and the plurality of kick units are arranged in a stepped manner between the two side panels arranged in parallel so as to increase in height from the rear to the front, The rear edge of the footboard unit is supported by an upper portion of the kickboard unit, The plurality of support bolts are bolted to the insertion holes of the two side plates and the tread insertion passages, and the plurality of support bolts are bolted to the insertion holes of the two side plates and the kick plate insertion passages, so that the plurality of tread plate units and the plurality of kick plate units are sandwiched between the two side plates. Assembled stairs.

2. The step board insertion passage and / or the kick board insertion passage are tubular bodies, A certain gap is secured between the inner surface of the tubular body and the outer surface of the bearing bolt. The modular staircase according to claim 1.

3. The kick board insertion passage includes a square tube and a cylindrical tube fitted inside the square tube, The rear edge of the tread is supported from below by the upper surface of the square tube. The modular staircase according to claim 2.

4. The kick plate unit includes a support portion extending rearward from a lower edge of the kick plate, The upper surface of the support portion supports the front edge of the tread from below. The modular staircase according to claim 1.

5. The kick board unit is characterized in that it includes a kick board buffer part provided on the upper surface of the support part. The assembly staircase according to claim 4.

6. A prefabricated stair kit for assembling the prefabricated stair of claim 1, comprising: The structure is characterized in that it is configured by a combination of the plurality of tread units, the plurality of kick board units, the two side plates, and the plurality of bearing bolts. Assembled staircase kit.

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