Heat utilization system for building

Abstract

To effectively utilize a part other than a roof of a building for collecting heat.SOLUTION: A heat utilization system 1 for a building includes a heat collector 2 that is provided along a side surface of the building and collects heat by heating liquid with solar heat, an intermediate facility 3 or 6 that performs at least one of storage of the heat collected by the heat collector 2 and addition of new heat to the heat collected by the heat collector 2, a first pipe 4 that connects the heat collector 2 and the intermediate facility 3, and a second pipe 5 that connects the intermediate facility 3 or 6 and a heat utilization unit 110 of the building.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a building heat utilization system. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a known technology for indoor use of heat collected by a solar water heater. Patent Document 1 describes a technology in which a solar water heater is installed on a roof and the heat collected by the solar water heater is used to provide hot water for bathing, washing face and hands, etc. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-249437 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] As described in Patent Document 1, solar heat collectors such as solar water heaters are often installed on roofs to improve heat collection efficiency. However, the parts of a building that can collect heat are not limited to the roof.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a heat utilization system for a building that can effectively utilize areas other than the roof for collecting heat. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The building heat utilization system of the present invention comprises a solar collector installed along the side of the building and collecting heat by heating a liquid with solar heat, intermediate equipment that stores heat and / or adds new heat to the heat collected by the solar collector, a first pipe connecting the solar collector and the intermediate equipment, and a second pipe connecting the intermediate equipment and the building's heat utilization section. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat utilization system for a building that can effectively utilize areas other than the roof for collecting heat. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a front view of an apartment building. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat utilization system. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pipe. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a front view of an apartment building in which a heat utilization system is installed. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a side view taken along lines CC and DD in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a modified example of a heat utilization system. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat utilization system according to another modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The heat utilization system for buildings of the present invention will be described using an embodiment. The embodiment described below is widely applicable to buildings equipped with heating facilities, such as apartment buildings, hotels, dormitories, and lodgings. It is particularly suitable for mid- to high-rise apartment buildings generally 10 stories or higher. However, the height is not limited as long as sunlight can be obtained. FIG. 1 is a partial front view of an apartment building 100 to which this embodiment is applied; the heat utilization system 1 is not shown. The apartment building 100 is a slab-type apartment building, with balconies 101 provided in front of the dwelling units. The balconies 101 are separated from the outside by balcony walls 102. The balcony wall 102 includes multiple metal pillars 103 installed at intervals along the longitudinal direction X of the apartment building 100, metal handrails 104 connecting the tops of the pillars 103, and panels 105 supported by adjacent pillars 103 and handrails 104. The panels 105 are preferably made of resin or glass, and are transparent or translucent. A side wall 106 is provided between adjacent balcony walls 102. A column may be provided in place of the side wall 106.

[0010] FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a building heat utilization system 1 of this embodiment. The heat utilization system 1 has at least one (multiple in this embodiment) heat collector 2, a heat storage section 3, a first pipe 4, a second pipe 5, a reheating section 6, and a control section 8. The heat utilization system 1 is installed in each dwelling unit of an apartment building 100. The heat storage section 3 and the reheating section 6 are collectively referred to as intermediate equipment 9. The intermediate equipment 9 performs at least one of storing heat collected by the heat collector 2 (heat storage section 3) and adding new heat to the heat collected by the heat collector 2 (reheating section 6). These elements will be described below.

[0011] The solar collector 2 is installed along the side of the apartment building 100 and collects heat by heating a liquid with solar heat. As will be described later, the side of the apartment building 100 refers to the balcony wall 102 and the exterior wall 106 of the apartment building 100. The solar collector 2 installed along the balcony wall 102 is referred to as solar collector 2A, and the solar collector 2 installed along the exterior wall 106 is referred to as solar collector 2B. Although only one solar collector 2A and one solar collector 2B are shown in FIG. 2, in reality, multiple solar collectors 2A and multiple solar collectors 2B are installed in series.

[0012] The heat collector 2 is preferably a heat pipe. Figure 3 shows a schematic configuration of the heat pipe 2. The heat pipe 2 includes a cylindrical glass vacuum vessel 21 and a generally cylindrical pipe 24 housed inside the vacuum vessel 21. The vacuum vessel 21 is a double-walled pipe with an inner wall 22 and an outer wall 23, with a vacuum between the inner wall 22 and the outer wall 23. The vacuum vessel 21 has excellent thermal insulation properties and suppresses the dissipation of solar heat incident through the outer wall 23. The vacuum vessel 21 is not essential and can be omitted. The pipe 24 is made of a metal with high thermal conductivity, such as copper or aluminum, and contains a liquid heat transfer medium. The inner surface of the pipe 24 may have a capillary structure (not shown), called a wick. The outer surface of the pipe 24 is formed with fins 27 made of copper, aluminum, or the like. The fins 27 can be omitted. One longitudinal end 25 of the pipe 24 is inside the vacuum vessel 21, and the other longitudinal end 26 is inside the first piping 4.

[0013] When sunlight strikes the heat pipe 2, solar heat is transmitted through the vacuum vessel 21, fins 27, and pipe 24, heating the heat transfer medium inside the pipe 24. The liquid heat transfer medium evaporates into vapor, flows through the center of the pipe 24, and condenses at the low-temperature end 26. The condensed heat transfer medium returns to the first end 25 through the pipe 24, and this cycle is repeated. When the heat transfer medium evaporates, it absorbs heat of vaporization from the surroundings. When condensing, it releases condensation heat to the surroundings, heating the liquid flowing through the first piping 4. Heat transfer using latent heat (heat of vaporization and heat of condensation) is highly efficient, allowing more heat to be used to heat the liquid. The heat pipe 2 may be covered with a transparent case (not shown). This further reduces heat dissipation from the heat pipe 2. The case also functions as a protective cover for the heat pipe 2. The vacuum vessel 21 of the heat pipe 2 installed on the exterior wall 106 may be prismatic. By arranging the rectangular column-shaped vacuum vessels 21 without any gaps, the uneven appearance seen from the outside is reduced, and the unity with the outer wall 106 is improved. A heat collector without a heat pipe 2 can also be used. For example, if the inside of the pipe 24 is filled with a heat medium, the heated heat medium rises and exchanges heat with the liquid flowing in the first pipe 4, and is cooled and then falls (in this case, a capillary structure is not necessary). In this way, the liquid flowing in the first pipe 4 can also be heated by convection.

[0014] FIG. 4(a) is a front view of the apartment building 100 from the same direction as FIG. 1 , FIG. 4(b) is an enlarged view of section A in FIG. 4(a), FIG. 4(c) is an enlarged view of section B in FIG. 4(a), FIG. 5(a) is a side view taken along line CC in FIG. 4(a), and FIG. 5(b) is a side view taken along line DD in FIG. 4(a). In FIGS. 4(b) and 4(c), the arrows in the first pipe 4 indicate the direction of liquid flow. In FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the first pipe 4 is partially omitted. As shown in FIGS. 4(a), 4(b), and 5(a), the solar collector 2 is installed on the balcony 101. As shown in FIG. 5(a), the solar collector 2 is installed inside the balcony wall 102. Support members 28 are installed at the top and bottom of the pillars 103 of the balcony 101, and the solar collector 2 is supported by these support members 28. It is possible to omit the balcony wall 102 and have the solar collector 2 serve as the balcony wall 102, but because the vacuum vessel 21 is weak against impacts and it is difficult to ensure the strength required for the balcony wall 102, it is preferable to install a separate balcony wall 102 similar to that of a conventional balcony wall 102. As shown in Figures 4(a), 4(c), and 5(b), the solar collector 2 is also provided on the outer wall 106 of the apartment building 100. Support members 29 are provided at the top and bottom of the outer wall 106, and the solar collector 2 is supported by these support members 29.

[0015] The heat storage unit 3 stores the heat collected by the heat collector 2. Specifically, the heat storage unit 3 is a tank that stores water heated by the heat collected by the heat collector 2. The heat storage unit 3 is integrated with the reheating unit 6, which will be described later, to form a single unit 7. The unit 7 is installed on the balcony 101. The unit 7 has a steel housing (not shown), and the heat storage unit 3 and the reheating unit 6 are housed in the housing. A water supply pipe 31 connected to the water supply system is connected to the heat storage unit 3, and room temperature water is supplied from the water supply pipe 31 to the heat storage unit 3. A first pipe 4 passes through the heat storage unit 3. The water stored in the heat storage unit 3 is heated by high-temperature liquid flowing through the first pipe 4, and the heated warm water or hot water (hereinafter referred to as hot water) is stored in the heat storage unit 3.

[0016] In this way, temporarily storing the heat collected by the solar collector 2 in the thermal storage unit 3 facilitates balancing heat supply and demand. Specifically, if the heat collected by the solar collector 2 is directly supplied to the heat utilization unit 110 of the apartment building 100, it may not be possible to supply the required amount of hot water. For example, when the peak demand for hot water occurs in the evening or at night, it may be difficult to produce hot water that meets demand because the amount of solar radiation is low or zero. Conversely, if hot water is not used during the high temperatures of summer, excessive heat may accumulate in the solar collector 2 and the first pipe 4, potentially damaging the heat utilization system 1. Furthermore, if the temperature of the liquid flowing through the first pipe 4 rises too high, the operating efficiency of the heat pipe 2 decreases. By providing the thermal storage unit 3, heat can be efficiently stored during the day and utilized during times of increased demand, while also preventing damage to the heat utilization system 1 and reducing the efficiency of the heat pipe 2. Providing a thermal insulation material (not shown) in the thermal storage unit 3 can also prevent the dissipation of stored heat.

[0017] The first pipe 4 connects the heat collector 2 and the heat storage section 3, and transfers the heat collected by the heat collector 2 to the heat storage section 3. The first pipe 4 is a circulation pipe that passes through the heat collector 2 and the heat storage section 3. The first pipe 4 is filled to the brim with a liquid that is a heat transfer medium. The liquid is preferably water. The liquid circulates between the heat collector 2, the first pipe 4, and the heat storage section 3. A circulation pump 41 that circulates the liquid is installed at the bottom of the unit 7. The first pipe 4 branches off upstream of the heat collectors 2A and 2B and merges downstream of the heat collectors 2A and 2B. The first pipe 4 is installed above the handrail 104 of the balcony 101. Because no pipes are installed on the floor of the balcony 101, it is easy to ensure that the balcony 101 functions as an evacuation route.

[0018] Because the first pipe 4 is a circulation pipe (closed circuit), there is a possibility that it may be damaged, for example, in winter, when the liquid inside it freezes. For this reason, a drain pipe 42 is connected to the lowest position of the first pipe 4 in order to drain at least a portion of the liquid inside the first pipe 4. In addition, a supply pipe 43 branches off from the water supply pipe 31 and is connected to the first pipe 4 via the drain pipe 42 in order to replenish the liquid after drainage. A normally closed valve 44 is installed in the drain pipe 42, and a normally closed valve 45 is installed in the supply pipe 43. Because the lowest position of the first pipe 4 is normally located near the circulation pump 41, these valves 44, 45 can be housed inside the unit 7.

[0019] The second piping 5 connects the heat storage unit 3 and the heat utilization unit 110 of the apartment building 100, and transfers the heat stored in the heat storage unit 3, specifically the hot water stored in the heat storage unit 3, to the heat utilization unit 110. In other words, the second piping 5 supplies water heated by the heat collected by the heat collector 2 and stored in the heat storage unit 3 to the heat utilization unit 110. The heat utilization unit 110 is not limited as long as it uses hot water, but examples include a bath 111, a kitchen 112, and floor heating equipment 113.

[0020] The reheating section 6 is located between the thermal storage section 3 and the heat utilization section 110 and reheats the hot water supplied from the thermal storage section 3 to the heat utilization section 110. The thermal storage section 3 stores hot water at a temperature higher than room temperature. When the temperature drops below a set temperature (e.g., 60°C), the hot water can be reheated to improve usability. The reheating section 6 includes a steel container 61 and a gas combustor 62 installed in the container 61, through which a second pipe 5 penetrates. The second pipe 5 inside the container 61 has an upstream section 51 and a downstream section 52 installed below the upstream section 51 in the direction of hot water flow, and the gas combustor 62 is installed below the downstream section 52. The high-temperature gas generated by the gas combustor 62 first heats the downstream section 52 of the second pipe 5, but the exhaust gas, which is still at a high temperature, further heats the upstream section 51 of the second pipe 5. As a result, the hot water passing through the second pipe 5 is preheated. The exhaust gas is discharged from an exhaust port 63 provided on the top plate of the container 61. In this way, the reheating section 6 effectively utilizes the thermal energy of the exhaust gas, thereby reducing the amount of gas used and lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas. Note that the reheating section 6 can also be omitted.

[0021] The control unit 8 controls the operation of the heat utilization system 1. The control unit 8 can be installed, for example, as a control panel in a room of the apartment building 100, and is preferably integrated with the control unit of the reheating unit 6. The control unit 8, for example, manually or automatically controls the start and stop of the circulation pump 41. For example, it is preferable to stop the circulation pump 41 at night because almost no heat collection by the solar collector 2 can be expected. When the circulation pump 41 is automatically controlled, the start and stop times may be set in advance, or a sensor may be used to detect the amount of external sunlight, and the circulation pump 41 may be operated when the amount of sunlight exceeds a predetermined level and stopped when the amount of sunlight falls below the predetermined level. Alternatively, the opening and closing of the valves 44 and 45 of the first pipe 4 may be remotely controlled from the control unit 8.

[0022] FIG. 6 shows the schematic configuration of a modified heat utilization system 1. Configurations and effects that are not described here are the same as those of the above-described embodiment. The modified heat utilization system 1 has a water supply pipe 46 connected to the heat collector 2. Water supplied from the water supply pipe 46 to the heat collector 2 is heated in the heat collector 2, passes through the first pipe 4, and is stored in the heat storage unit 3. The first pipe 4 is directly connected to an external water supply and is under a predetermined water pressure, so no pump is required. The amount of water supplied to the first pipe 4 can be adjusted by the opening of a valve 47 installed on the water supply pipe 46. The opening of the valve 47 can be adjusted by the control unit 8.

[0023] FIG. 7 shows the schematic configuration of a heat utilization system 1 according to another modification. The configuration and effects not described are the same as those of the above-described modification. The heat utilization system 1 according to the other modification does not include the heat storage unit 3. In other words, only a reheating unit 6 is provided as intermediate equipment 9. Water supplied to the heat collector 2 from the water supply pipe 46 is heated in the heat collector 2 and supplied to the reheating unit 6 through the first pipe 4. The pipes 64-66 of the reheating unit 6 are the same as the pipes 51-53 of the first embodiment. The second pipe 5 of this modification connects the reheating unit 6 to the heat utilization unit 110, and transfers the heat collected by the heat collector 2 and the heat newly added by the reheater 6 to the heat utilization unit 110. This modification can be configured by simply adding the heat collector 2 and the first pipe 4 to an already installed reheater 6 and therefore is suitable for use in dwelling renovations.

[0024] Although the present invention has been described above using embodiments and modifications, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and modifications. The heat utilization system 1 of the embodiments and modifications is installed in conjunction with the construction of the apartment building 100, but the heat collector 2 installed on the balcony 101 can be attached after construction. The heat collector 2 is installed along the side of the apartment building 100, but it can also be installed on the roof of the apartment building 100. In this case, the heat utilization system 1 can be used for heating, hot water supply, etc. in the common areas of the apartment building 100. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1. Heat utilization system 2 Heat pipe (heat collector) 3. Thermal storage section (intermediate equipment) 31 Water supply piping 4. First Pipe 5 Second piping 51 Upper reaches 52 Downstream 6 Reheating section (intermediate equipment) 62 Gas Burner 7 units 9 Intermediate facilities 100 Apartment buildings 101 Balcony 102 Balcony Wall 106 Exterior Wall 110 Heat Utilization Department

Claims

1. a solar collector that is installed along the side of the building and collects heat by heating a liquid with solar heat; an intermediate facility that stores heat collected by the heat collector and / or adds new heat to the heat collected by the heat collector; a first pipe connecting the heat collector and the intermediate equipment; A building heat utilization system having a second pipe connecting the intermediate equipment and the heat utilization section of the building.

2. The heat utilization system according to claim 1 , wherein the building has a balcony separated by a balcony wall, and the heat collector is provided on the balcony inside the balcony wall.

3. The heat utilization system according to claim 1 , wherein the heat collector is provided on an outer wall of the building.

4. The heat utilization system according to claim 1 , wherein the heat collector is a heat pipe.

5. the intermediate facility has a heat storage unit that stores the heat collected by the heat collector, the first pipe connects the heat collector and the heat storage unit and transfers the heat collected by the heat collector to the heat storage unit; The heat utilization system for a building according to claim 1 , wherein the second pipe connects the heat storage unit and a heat utilization unit of the building, and transfers the heat stored in the heat storage unit to the heat utilization unit.

6. A water supply pipe connected to the heat storage unit, The heat utilization system according to claim 5, wherein the liquid circulates through the heat collector, the first pipe, and the heat storage unit, and water supplied to the heat storage unit from the water supply pipe is heated by the liquid and stored in the heat storage unit.

7. a water supply pipe connected to the heat collector; The heat utilization system according to claim 5 , wherein the liquid is supplied from the water supply pipe to the heat collector, heated in the heat collector, passed through the first pipe, and stored in the heat storage unit.

8. the heat storage unit stores water heated by the heat collected by the heat collector and supplied to the heat utilization unit; the intermediate facility is provided between the heat storage unit and the heat utilization unit and has a reheating unit that reheats the water supplied to the heat utilization unit, the second pipe has an upstream portion and a downstream portion provided below the upstream portion, The heat utilization system according to claim 5 , wherein the reheating section has a gas combustor provided below the downstream section.

9. The heat utilization system according to claim 8 , wherein the heat storage section and the reheating section are integrated into one unit.

10. The heat utilization system according to claim 9 , wherein the unit is installed on a balcony, and the first pipe is installed above a handrail of the balcony.

11. the intermediate facility is a reheater that adds new heat to the heat collected by the heat collector, the first pipe connects the heat collector and the reheater and transfers the heat collected by the heat collector to the reheater; The building heat utilization system of claim 1, wherein the second piping connects the reheater and the heat utilization section and transfers the heat collected by the heat collector and the heat newly added by the reheater to the heat utilization section.

12. The heat utilization system according to claim 1 , wherein the building is an apartment building.

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