Combined trenching, fertilizing and soil-covering working machine for mountainous tea garden

Abstract

To provide a composite working machine for furrowing, fertilizing and soil-covering for a mountainous tea garden, applicable to fertilizing an organic fertilizer in the mountainous tea garden, capable of realizing functions of fertilizing, furrowing and cultivating and soil-covering, having abundant functions and high working efficiency, and improving utilization efficiency of the fertilizer by carrying out the fertilizing by a furrowing and fertilizing method.SOLUTION: A carrier, and a conveying system, a power system, a fertilizing system, a furrow opening system and a soil covering system disposed on the carrier, wherein the power system is connected to the conveying system, the fertilizing system, the furrow opening system and the soil covering system respectively, and the furrow opening system is located between the fertilizing system and the soil covering system.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and more particularly to a multi-purpose machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for use in mountain tea fields. [Background technology]

[0002] In tea production, fertilization is an important method for improving tea yield and quality. Chemical fertilizers are highly valued for their convenience and high fertilizing efficacy. However, prolonged or excessive application of chemical fertilizers can destroy soil structure in tea fields, acidify the soil, and cause significant nutrient erosion, ultimately contaminating surface and groundwater. Excessive application of chemical fertilizers can also reduce tea yield and quality. To save time and effort, producers typically apply chemical fertilizers by spraying or dropping them onto the soil. This causes nutrients to concentrate on the soil surface, and because tea plant roots are nutrient-rich, they tend to float upright. This ultimately increases the tea plant's susceptibility to drought and frost damage, significantly reducing the plant's stress tolerance. Therefore, improved fertilization methods are needed for tea fields. The furrow fertilization method improves fertilizer utilization efficiency, and by applying fertilizer underground to the root zone, it improves the nutrient utilization rate of the tea plant and makes the tea plant more resistant to climatic and environmental stress.In addition, by reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and increasing the amount of organic fertilizer used, it is possible to increase the fertility of the soil and improve the quality of the tea leaves.

[0003] However, most organic fertilizers have drawbacks, such as being bulky, having low nutrient content, slow effectiveness, and requiring labor-intensive furrow application. Fertilization usually requires manual furrow application, which requires high labor costs, making tea growers hesitant to apply organic fertilizer. Furthermore, many tea plantations are located in hilly or mountainous areas, which presents challenges such as inconvenient transportation. Organic fertilizers are not widely used in tea production. However, it is well known that the rational application of organic fertilizers can significantly increase soil organic matter in tea plantations, improving soil fertility and effectively improving tea quality. Therefore, the rapid and efficient application of organic fertilizers to tea plantations is a pressing bottleneck in current tea production. While effective organic fertilizer application machinery is clearly the primary solution to this bottleneck, currently available fertilizer applicators are not suitable for applying organic fertilizers to mountainous tea plantations. Existing fertilizer spreaders have a single function, and can only perform a single task using a fertilizer spreader, cultivator, and soil coverer. This makes it impossible to complete fertilization, cultivation, and soil cover all at once, making them inconvenient to use, cumbersome to operate, and reducing work efficiency. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a combined machine for making furrows, fertilizing, and covering soil for mountain tea plantations. This combined machine for making furrows, fertilizing, and covering soil for mountain tea plantations is applicable to the application of organic fertilizer to mountain tea plantations, and is capable of performing the functions of fertilizing, making furrows, and covering soil, with a wide range of functions and high work efficiency. The present invention improves fertilizer utilization efficiency by applying fertilizer using a furrow fertilization method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The combined machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for mountain tea fields comprises a mounting base, and a transport system, a power system, a fertilizing system, a furrow making system and a soil covering system, which are arranged on the mounting base. The power system is connected to the transport system, the fertilizing system, the furrow making system and the soil covering system, respectively, and the furrow making system is located between the fertilizing system and the soil covering system.

[0007] The operating principle of the above-mentioned combined furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering machine for mountain tea fields is as follows.

[0008] The power system supplies electricity and power to the transport system, fertilizer system, furrow making system, and soil covering system, allowing it to drive and move the transport system. The transport system drives the combined furrow making, fertilizer applying, and soil covering machine for mountain tea farms, allowing it to travel stably in mountain tea farms. The fertilizer applying system starts up to apply fertilizer in a fixed amount, and the furrow making system starts up to cultivate furrows, mix the soil and fertilizer, and put it into the furrows. The soil covering system starts up to cover the soil, returning the soil and fertilizer around the furrows to the furrows. This integrates fertilization, furrow making, and soil covering.

[0009] In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying system is a single-crawler conveying system, comprising one triangular crawler and five wheels, each of which is a drive traction wheel, a driven wheel, a first support wheel, a second support wheel, and a tension wheel. In this structure, the conveying system employs one triangular crawler as a traveling component, and its mounting and arrangement is a "five-wheel-one-crawler" triangular arrangement, where "five-wheel-one-crawler" refers to one triangular crawler and five wheels, with the drive traction wheel, driven wheel, and tension wheel arranged in a triangle, the first support wheel and second support wheel being located between the driven wheel and the tension wheel, and the drive traction wheel being connected to a power system to provide driving force. This structure enhances crossing performance, providing excellent crossing performance on both flat and sloping ground. Furthermore, the triangular crawler's width is suitable for traveling through most tea plantations, including those with non-standard furrow spacing of one meter, making it possible to travel through tea plantations with a variety of terrain.

[0010] Preferably, the power system comprises a diesel engine, a small generator, and a storage battery, the diesel engine supplies power to the small generator, the transport system, and the furrow making system, and the small generator and the storage battery supply electricity to the fertilizer application system, the furrow making system, and the soil covering system. In the above structure, the diesel engine, the small generator, and the storage battery mainly supply electricity and power to the transport system, the fertilizer application system, the furrow making system, and the soil covering system, etc., via a transmission shaft and wiring connected to the power.

[0011] Preferably, the fertilization system includes a fertilizer storage hopper, a clogging prevention device, a conveying hopper, a screw-type constant-feeding rotary shaft, and a discharge pipe, wherein the conveying hopper is disposed at a lower end of the fertilizer storage hopper and communicates with the fertilizer storage hopper, the discharge pipe is disposed at a lower end of the conveying hopper and communicates with the conveying hopper, the clogging prevention device is disposed between the fertilizer storage hopper and the conveying hopper, the screw-type constant-feeding rotary shaft is disposed at the bottom of the conveying hopper, and constant-feeding of fertilizer is achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw-type constant-feeding rotary shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the anti-clogging device comprises an anti-clogging rotating shaft and a plurality of sets of anti-clogging mechanisms arranged on the anti-clogging rotating shaft, the plurality of sets of anti-clogging mechanisms being arranged along the axial direction of the anti-clogging rotating shaft, each set of anti-clogging mechanisms including a plurality of anti-clogging assemblies being arranged along the circumferential direction, each anti-clogging assembly including a link and a roller brush, one end of the link being connected to the roller brush and the other end of the link being connected to the anti-clogging rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the lengths of the links and roller brushes in each anti-clogging assembly are different. That is, the lengths of the links are different and the lengths of the roller brushes are also different. This allows the powdered organic fertilizer to be smoothly transported to the screw-type metering shaft in the conveying hopper below without accumulating at the bottom of the fertilizer storage hopper. The screw-type metering shaft adjusts its rotation speed to uniformly release the fertilizer, thereby matching the amount of fertilizer applied with the traveling speed of the multi-purpose machine and achieving uniform fertilizer application.

[0014] Preferably, the furrow making system comprises a furrow making auger, a connector, a liftable high-speed power shaft and a storage tube, the storage tube being used to store the furrow making auger, the upper end of the connector being connected to the lower end of the liftable high-speed power shaft and the lower end of the connector being connected to the upper end of the furrow making auger.

[0015] Preferably, the furrow making auger comprises a cylindrical main shaft and three pairs of helical blades fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft, the helical blades being fixed spirally to the outer wall of the main shaft, the helical blades including a fixed wall joined to the outer wall of the main shaft, an upper wall located at the top, a rear wall located at the bottom, and helical blades located on the outside, and an inwardly recessed hollow structure surrounded by the fixed wall, upper wall, rear wall, and helical blades forms a retaining chamber, and blades are provided on the edges of the helical blades.

[0016] Preferably, the total width of the spiral blade is 4 cm, the total length of the spiral blade is 10 cm, a crusher is provided at the lowest end of the spiral blade, and a head is provided at the lower end of the main shaft of the furrow making auger, and the head is a screw-type head.

[0017] Preferably, the soil covering system comprises a mulching bar and a liftable elastic fixed rod, the upper end of the liftable elastic fixed rod being connected to the mounting base and the lower end of the liftable elastic fixed rod being connected to the mulching bar, and the mulching bar being made up of three metal strips with rubber strips attached. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering combined machine for mountain tea gardens of the present invention is applicable to the application of organic fertilizer to mountain tea gardens. By applying fertilizer with the fertilizer application system, making furrows with the furrow making system, and covering soil with the soil covering system, fertilizing, furrow making and soil covering are integrated, with rich functions and high work efficiency. 2. The furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering combined machine for mountain tea plantations of the present invention adopts a single crawler transport system, which has good passage performance and wide applicability, and can be used not only on flat tea plantations but also on sloping tea plantations, making it highly adaptable. 3. The combined machine for making furrows, fertilizing and covering soil for mountain tea farms in the present invention is equipped with an anti-clogging device, which solves the problem that powdered fertilizer is easily clogged, and the combined machine for making furrows, fertilizing and covering soil for mountain tea farms can apply not only granular fertilizer but also powdered organic fertilizer, thereby solving the problem that there is no machine available for applying powdered organic fertilizer. 4. The furrow making, fertilizing, and soil covering combined machine for mountain tea fields of this invention uses spiral blades and a downward-facing retaining chamber during furrow making operation to ensure that the removed soil and fertilizer on the soil surface enter the rear fertilizer furrow directly without scattering to either side. The machine then adjusts the travel speed and the rotation speed of the screw-type metering shaft according to the nutrient content of different fertilizers, achieving accurate, metered fertilization. This solves the current lack of reliable and efficient furrow making equipment in tea fields. It not only solves the problem of efficient furrow fertilization in tea fields with compacted soil, but also effectively controls furrow depth and matches the amount of fertilizer applied with the machine's speed, ensuring uniform fertilization and efficiently achieving the integration of furrow making, fertilization, and soil covering. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view of the structure of a combined furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering machine for mountain tea fields according to the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a fertilization system according to the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a furrowing auger according to the present invention. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The parts that are not specifically described and are not shown in the accompanying drawings adopt existing technologies, so they will not be repeated here.

[0021] Most organic fertilizers have drawbacks, such as being bulky, having low nutrient content, taking a long time to take effect, and requiring a lot of effort for furrow application. Since furrow application is usually done manually, costs are high. Furthermore, many tea plantations are located in hilly or mountainous areas, which presents problems such as inconvenient transportation. This has prevented the widespread use of organic fertilizer in tea production. Currently, commercially available fertilizer applicators are not suitable for applying organic fertilizer to mountain tea plantations. The main reasons for this are as follows:

[0022] (1) Most current fertilizer applicators, such as fertilizer spreaders and rotary tillers, use disc-type rotary tiller blades or screw-type furrow-making components. These blades scatter the excavated soil to one or both sides during operation, causing the soil between the furrows to accumulate at the base of the tea plants, while the soil in the center of the furrows gradually decreases. When excessive soil accumulates at the base of the tea plants, the tea roots become oxygen-deficient, which affects their normal growth.

[0023] (2) Existing fertilizer applicators have poor passing and climbing performance, insufficient power, and are light in weight, so most of them can only be applied to tea plantations on flat land, and are even less applicable to tea plantations on steep slopes, let alone tea plantations on sloping land.

[0024] (3) Currently, most fertilizer spreaders have only one function, and can only perform one task at a time using a fertilizer spreader, tiller, and soil coverer. This makes it difficult to use, complicated to operate, and results in low work efficiency.

[0025] (4) Many existing fertilizer applicators can only apply granular fertilizer. However, organic fertilizer is mainly in powder form, and since the same volume of organic fertilizer is significantly lighter than chemical fertilizer, powdered fertilizer cannot be applied due to problems such as clogging.

[0026] (5) Many fertilizer applicators adjust the amount of fertilizer dispensed by adjusting the size of the fertilizer inlet opening. This method results in uneven downward movement of the fertilizer, which is prone to uneven fertilization and inappropriate quantification. Some fertilizer applicators use a proportional control principle between the amount of fertilizer dispensed and the machine's running speed. The faster the machine moves, the faster the fertilizer is discharged. However, the ground between the rows in tea fields is often uneven, causing frequent shaking as the fertilizer applicator moves. Furthermore, the method of controlling fertilizer discharge is generally not very accurate, resulting in inaccurate fertilizer application. Some fertilizer applicators also use weight sensors, rakers, granular material dispersing and flow diverting devices, fertilizer outlet opening controllers, or speed switches to control the amount of fertilizer dispensed. However, these methods are inconvenient to use, complicated to operate, and difficult to accurately control the amount of fertilizer dispensed.

[0027] 1 and 2, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, this embodiment provides a combined machine for making furrows, fertilizing, and covering soil for mountain tea fields (hereinafter referred to as the combined machine). This combined machine includes five systems and a mounting base 6. Each of the five systems is connected to the mounting base 6, and the five systems are a transport system, a power system, a fertilizer system, a furrow making system, and a soil covering system. The transport system is used to move the combined machine for making furrows, fertilizing, and covering soil for mountain tea fields. The power system supplies power and power to the transport system, fertilizer system, furrow making system, and soil covering system. The fertilizer system is used for fertilizing. The furrow making system is used for making furrows. The soil covering system is used for covering soil. The furrow making system is located between the fertilizer system and the soil covering system. The fertilizer system is located in front of the furrow making system, and the soil covering system is located behind the furrow making system. The combined machine preferably has an overall size of 1500 mm x 60 mm x 1200 mm and an overall weight of 200 kg. Each system will be described in detail below.

[0028] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the operation principle of the multi-task machine is as follows. The power system supplies electricity and power to the transport system, fertilizer system, furrow making system, and soil covering system, and can drive and move the transport system. The transport system allows the multi-purpose machine to travel stably in mountain tea plantations. The fertilizer system starts up to apply fertilizer in a fixed amount, and the furrow making system starts up to create furrows and mix the soil and fertilizer and put it into the furrows. The soil covering system starts up to cover the soil and return the soil and fertilizer around the furrows to the furrows. This integrates fertilization, furrow making, and soil covering.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1, in order to achieve better passage performance in mountain tea plantations, the conveying system adopts a single-crawler conveying system with good adhesion and passage performance. The conveying system adopts one triangular crawler 15 as a traveling part, and its installation and arrangement method is a triangular arrangement of "five wheels and one crawler". That is, the conveying system has one triangular crawler 15 and five wheels, and the five wheels are respectively a driving traction wheel 11, a driven wheel 12, a tension wheel 14 and two support wheels 13, and the two support wheels 13 are respectively a first support wheel and a second support wheel. The drive traction wheel 11, driven wheel 12, and tension wheel 14 are arranged in a triangle. The drive traction wheel 11 is located at the apex of the triangle and is directly powered by a diesel engine 21, with its speed adjusted by a transmission. The driven wheel 12, first support wheel, second support wheel, and tension wheel 14 are located at the base of the triangle. The first and second support wheels are located between the driven wheel 12 and tension wheel 14, which are located on both the front and rear sides of the bottom cross beam of the transport bracket 16. These wheels primarily support the triangular crawler 15 and adjust its tension. Five wheels are attached to the transport bracket 16, and the triangular crawler 15 covers the outside of the five wheels. This structure improves crossing performance, allowing the robot to cross both flat and sloped terrain. The triangular crawler's width is also suitable for crossing the furrows of most tea plantations, including those with non-standard furrow spacing of one meter, allowing it to travel on a variety of terrains. This single triangular crawler 15 configuration is suitable for tea plantations with different furrow widths and steeply sloping mountainous areas, with a maximum climbing angle of 30 degrees, making it suitable for tea plantations of various terrains, and can be used not only on flat land but also on sloping land. To prevent skidding, the triangular crawler 15 is made of metal, and the optimal travel speed for fertilizing work is 10 to 12 m / min. To make it easier to control the direction of travel of the multi-purpose implement, the transport system is also equipped with a steering wheel 18 with a handle 17.

[0030] Referring to FIG. 1 , the power system includes a diesel engine 21, a small generator 22, and a storage battery 23. The diesel engine 21 is mounted on the mounting platform 6 and powers the small generator 22, the transport system, and the furrowing system, while the small generator 22 and the storage battery 23 provide power to the fertilizer application system and the soil covering system. In the above structure, the diesel engine 21, the small generator 22, and the storage battery 23 mainly supply power and power to the transport system, fertilizer application system, furrowing system, and soil covering system via a transmission shaft and wiring connected to the power source. Considering the soil compaction phenomenon in some tea fields, furrowing requires a large amount of power. The diesel engine 21 supplies furrowing power to the furrowing system, ensuring sufficient power for the system to excavate compacted soil and some stony soil. The diesel engine 21 preferably has a power of 11 horsepower (8 kW), and the power of the small generator 22 is preferably 3 kilowatts. In another embodiment, the furrowing system can also supply furrowing power via the small generator 22 and the storage battery 23.

[0031] 1 and 2, the fertilization system includes a fertilizer storage hopper 31, a clogging prevention device 32, a conveying hopper 33, a screw-type constant-volume feed rotating shaft 34, and a discharge pipe 35. The conveying hopper 33 is attached to the mounting base 6, and is disposed at the lower end of the fertilizer storage hopper 31 and communicates with the fertilizer storage hopper 31. The discharge pipe 35 is disposed at the lower end of the conveying hopper 33 and communicates with the conveying hopper 33. The clogging prevention device 32 is disposed between the fertilizer storage hopper 31 and the conveying hopper 33. The screw-type constant-volume feed rotating shaft 34 is disposed at the bottom of the conveying hopper 33, and constant-volume fertilization is achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw-type constant-volume feed rotating shaft 34. To extend the fertilizer supply time for the multi-purpose machine and avoid having to repeatedly return to the fertilizer supply area, the fertilizer storage hopper 31 in this embodiment is equipped with shelves 36 on each side for temporary storage of fertilizer and brackets 37 for supporting the shelves 36. The shelves 36 can hold two to four bags of fertilizer for continuous application. To accurately control the amount of fertilizer applied, a screw-type constant-rate feed rotating shaft 34 is installed at the bottom of the conveying hopper 33 in this embodiment. The screw-type constant-rate feed rotating shaft 34 has multiple spiral tooth grooves of the same size. The central axis radius of the screw-type constant-rate feed rotating shaft 34 is 3 cm, and the distance between adjacent spiral tooth grooves, i.e., the pitch, is 5 cm. The screw-type constant-rate feed rotating shaft 34 is located close to the bottom to ensure that the fertilizer in the conveying hopper 33 falls to the bottom using the gravity of the fertilizer and the vibration generated when the multi-purpose machine is moving, completely covering each pitch gap (spiral tooth groove) of the screw-type constant-rate feed rotating shaft 34. Each spiral groove corresponds to one spiral groove, and since the volume of each spiral groove is constant, the weight of the fertilizer in one spiral groove can be calculated simply by weighing the unit volume weight of the applied fertilizer, and the exact nutrient content of the fertilizer in each spiral groove can be accurately calculated based on the nutrient content of the fertilizer.Therefore, simply inputting the fertilizer application rate per mu and the unit volume weight of the fertilizer into the microelectronic controller, the microelectronic controller calculates the corresponding rotation speed and outputs a corresponding rotation speed command to control the screw-type metering shaft 34, thereby achieving accurate metering. In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the screw-type metering shaft 34 is adjusted using a continuously variable transmission based on the nutrient content of the fertilizer and the metering volume of the spiral grooves, thereby accurately controlling the fertilizer application rate. A faster rotation speed increases the fertilizer application rate, while a slower rotation speed decreases the fertilizer application rate. Furthermore, to prevent corrosion, the screw-type metering shaft 34 is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene. Adjusting the running speed and controlling the rotation speed of the screw-type metering shaft 34 ensures uniform and consistent fertilization.

[0032] Referring to FIG. 1 , the anti-clogging device 32 prevents powdered organic fertilizer from accumulating at the bottom of the fertilizer storage hopper 31 and allows it to be smoothly transported to the screw-type metering shaft 34 in the conveying hopper 33 below. The screw-type metering shaft 34 controls its rotation speed to uniformly release fertilizer, thereby matching the amount of fertilizer applied with the traveling speed of the multi-purpose machine and achieving uniform fertilizer application. The anti-clogging device 32 includes an anti-clogging shaft and multiple sets of anti-clogging mechanisms arranged on the anti-clogging shaft. The multiple sets of anti-clogging mechanisms are arranged axially of the anti-clogging shaft, each set of anti-clogging mechanisms includes multiple anti-clogging assemblies, and the multiple anti-clogging assemblies are arranged circumferentially. Each anti-clogging assembly includes a link and a roller brush, one end of the link connected to the roller brush and the other end of the link connected to the anti-clogging shaft. The lengths of the link and roller brush in each anti-clogging assembly are different. That is, the links are of different lengths, and the roller brushes are also of different lengths. By providing roller brushes of different lengths on the anti-clogging shaft, the roller brushes rotate as the anti-clogging shaft rotates, stirring the fertilizer and allowing it to fall smoothly, solving the problem of powdered fertilizer easily clogging, and enabling the multi-purpose machine to apply not only granular fertilizer but also powdered organic fertilizer.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 and 3, the furrow making system is a vertical spiral furrow making system, which is located directly behind the fertilization system and includes a furrow making auger 41, a connector 42, a liftable high-speed power shaft 43 and a storage tube 44, the liftable high-speed power shaft 43 has a lifting function, the storage tube 44 is used to store the furrow making auger 41, the upper end of the connector 42 is connected to the lower end of the liftable high-speed power shaft 43, and the lower end of the connector 42 is connected to the upper end of the furrow making auger 41.

[0034] 1 and 3, the furrow making auger 41 comprises a cylindrical main shaft 411 and three pairs of helical blades fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft 411. The helical blades are fixed spirally to the outer wall of the main shaft 411 and include a fixed wall 412 joined to the outer wall of the main shaft 411, an upper wall 413 located at the top of the helical blades, a rear wall 415 located at the bottom of the helical blades, and helical blades 414 located outside the helical blades. The helical blades are integrally formed from high-speed steel and have a total width of 4 cm and a total length of 10 cm. Each helical blade is composed of a pair of helical blades, one wide at the top and one narrow at the bottom, and are attached to the main shaft 411 opposite each other at the same height (slope) and fitted 1 cm apart. The radius of the main shaft 411 is 4 cm, and at the position of the fixing wall 412 on its outer wall for attaching the spiral blade, there is provided a locking groove of a corresponding shape for fitting, and two opposing spiral blades are fixed in each locking groove by three internal fixing screws (two in the center of the top and one in the center of the bottom), and when the spiral blade is fitted onto the main shaft 411, the thickest part of its exposed part is 3 cm.

[0035] 1 and 3, the hollow structure surrounded by the fixed wall 412, upper wall 413, rear wall 415, and spiral blade 414 and recessed inward forms a retaining chamber 416. The rotation of the spiral blade stirs and mixes fertilizer and soil within the retaining chamber 416 and then throws them rearward. Blades 417 are provided on the edges of the spiral blade 414. A soil crusher 418 is provided at the bottom end of the spiral blade. A head 419 with a spiral groove is provided at the bottom end of the main shaft 411 of the furrow making auger 41 to easily advance the furrow making auger 41 downward from the ground surface to the target depth. The spiral head is provided at the bottom end of the furrow making auger 41 primarily to ensure that the spiral blade advances to the desired depth when the multi-purpose machine reaches the furrow making position in the tea field. When rotating at high speed, the furrow making auger 41 digs up the soil via the head 419 and spiral blades 414, while simultaneously thoroughly mixing the soil with fertilizer applied to the soil surface and throwing it rearward. The upper part of the connector 42 is connected to the liftable high-speed power shaft 43, and the lower part is detachably connected to the furrow making auger 41. It is primarily used to secure the furrow making auger 41 and rotate it at high speed via the liftable high-speed power shaft 43. The liftable high-speed power shaft 43 primarily serves to supply power to the furrow making auger as it rises and falls. During operation, the head 419 digs up the soil and descends to a predetermined height depending on the furrow depth, after which power is supplied to make the furrow. The lower end of the storage tube 44 is open, and the upper end of the storage tube 44 is fixedly connected to the connector 42. Specifically, the upper end of the storage tube 44 is fixedly connected to the housing of the connector 42, and the furrow auger 41 retracts upward and protrudes downward within the storage tube 44 as the hoistable high-speed power shaft 43 moves up and down. In other words, after furrowing work is completed or when furrowing work is no longer required, the furrow auger 41 is moved upward via the hoistable high-speed power shaft 43 and raised until it is completely retracted within the storage tube 44, thereby storing and protecting the furrow auger 41. The storage tube 44 also serves as a retaining wall during the furrowing process using the spiral blades, preventing soil from scattering when kicked up by the spiral blades and ensuring that soil thrown to the rear right falls into the furrow. The retaining wall 416 is used to prevent the soil cut by the spiral blades and fertilizer on the soil surface from scattering.The earth crusher 418 is mainly used to dig up the soil, and by placing the earth crusher 418 at the lowest end of the spiral blade, the soil can be dug up first, allowing the blade 417 to cut through the soil more easily, thereby improving the efficiency of furrow making and the effect of fertilization.

[0036] Referring to FIG. 1, the soil covering system is located behind the furrow making system and includes a mulching bar 51 and a hoistable elastic fixed rod 52. The upper end of the hoistable elastic fixed rod 52 is connected to the mounting base 6, and the lower end of the hoisting bar 51 is fixedly connected to the mulching bar 51. The mulching bar 51 is composed of three metal strips with rubber strips attached and is used to return the soil and fertilizer mixture near the furrow back into the furrow and level the ground. The connecting parts between the hoistable elastic fixed rod 52 and the mounting base 6 are equipped with springs and movable gaps to allow smooth passage when it comes into contact with obstacles such as stones or wooden stakes. When in operation, the hoistable elastic fixed rod 52 lowers and fixes the mulching bar 51 to the soil surface, and when not in operation, it raises the mulching bar 51 to a height of 30 cm above the ground, ensuring smooth passage of the multi-purpose machine.

[0037] The electricity generated by the small generator 22 is stored in the storage battery 23 and used to supply power to the motor of the clogging prevention device 32, the motor of the screw-type metered feed rotating shaft 34, the lifting motor of the furrow making auger 41, and the lifting motor of the soil covering system. The diesel engine 21 mainly supplies power to the travel of the transport system and the operation of the furrow making auger 41, and the diesel engine 21 rotates the furrow making auger 41 via a transmission structure to achieve furrow making work. The electricity generated by the small generator 22 can also directly supply power to the motor of the clogging prevention device 32, the motor of the screw-type metered feed rotating shaft 34, the lifting motor of the furrow making auger 41, and the lifting motor of the soil covering system.

[0038] The furrowing, fertilizing, and soil covering operations in this embodiment are as follows. The multi-purpose machine travels via a transport system. When the machine reaches the location where furrowing is required in the tea field, the furrowing system motor is activated, which activates the lifting motor of the furrowing auger 41 and lowers it via the high-speed power shaft 43. The furrowing auger 41 protrudes from the bottom of the storage tube 44, and at high speed, the head 419 and two earth crushers 418 located at the bottom move downward while digging up the soil. The furrowing auger 41 then locks in place when it reaches the desired furrow depth, e.g., 10 cm. When the fertilization system is activated, the motor of the clogging prevention device 32 rotates the device, stirring and crushing the fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer storage hopper 31. The fertilizer that passes through the clogging prevention device 32 enters the conveying hopper 33, where the motor of the screw-type metered feed rotating shaft 34 operates to convey the fertilizer in a fixed amount. The fertilizer falls from discharge pipe 35 onto the soil surface, and the conveying system propels the multi-purpose machine forward. After the rotating blades 414 of the spiral blade contact the surrounding soil, they cut through the soil and the fertilizer above it using blades 417. Because the blade's wide top and narrow bottom allow the cut soil and fertilizer to rotate, uniformly mixing them. The rotation of the spiral blade throws the soil and fertilizer to the rear right. The thrown soil and fertilizer are received by the blade's retaining chamber 416, and the rotational force causes them to be discharged into the fertilizer ditch at the rear. At this time, the receiving tube 44 also comes into play. Made of a soft rubber material, the receiving tube 44 acts as a stopper plate when its bottom end contacts the soil surface. The soil and fertilizer mixture is thrown to the rear right and stopped by the stopper plate, dropping into the ditch. Some of the soil and fertilizer fall outside the furrow, and the soil and fertilizer that have fallen outside the furrow are returned to the furrow by the action of the soil-piling bar 51, and the ground is leveled, thereby achieving the purpose of integrating furrow making, fertilization and soil covering.

[0039] The pitch of the furrow making auger 41 is 8 cm, and when in operation, the spiral blade rotates clockwise when viewed from above, with an operating rotation speed of 350 r / min, a maximum furrow making depth of 30 cm, and a fertilizer furrow (i.e., furrow) width of 14 cm. Due to the downward spiral force and the action of the retaining chamber 416, the organic fertilizer applied to the soil surface of the tea garden is mixed with the soil and thrown backward, with most of the soil and fertilizer mixture falling into the fertilizer furrow at the rear, and the small amount of soil and fertilizer mixture that falls around the fertilizer furrow is returned to the fertilizer furrow by the rear soil covering system and leveled, achieving the purpose of integrating furrow making, fertilization, and soil covering.

[0040] This embodiment of a furrow-making, fertilizing, and soil-covering combined machine for mountain tea fields has excellent passage performance and wide applicability. It integrates fertilization, furrow cultivation, and soil covering, making it suitable for both flatland and sloping tea fields. It can apply not only granular fertilizer (including organic and chemical fertilizers) but also powdered organic fertilizer, solving the lack of machines for applying powdered organic fertilizer. At the same time, the furrow-making system can also be used to achieve furrow-making and fertilizer mixing functions. The furrow-making auger 41 has three pairs of spiral blades evenly and symmetrically arranged on the main shaft 411, with a total height of 30 cm. When the furrow-making auger 41 is in operation, the spiral blades 414 and the downward-facing retaining chambers 416 prevent the cut soil and fertilizer on the soil surface from scattering to both sides, allowing them to directly enter the fertilizer furrow at the rear. A soil-covering system is also designed behind the furrow-making system, achieving the integrated functions of fertilization, furrow cultivation, and soil covering. Furthermore, this embodiment adopts a method that combines the spiral tooth groove for quantification and the adjustment of the rotation speed according to the difference in the nutrient content of different fertilizers, thereby realizing accurate quantification of fertilizer.

[0041] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above contents. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention are all equivalent replacements and should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] (Addendum) (Appendix 1) A compound working machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for mountain tea fields, comprising: a mounting base (6); and a transport system, a power system, a fertilizing system, a furrow making system and a soil covering system, which are arranged on the mounting base (6), the power system being connected to the transport system, the fertilizing system, the furrow making system and the soil covering system, respectively, and the furrow making system being located between the fertilizing system and the soil covering system.

[0043] (Appendix 2) The combined working machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer and covering soil for mountain tea fields as described in Appendix 1, characterized in that the transport system is a single crawler transport system, comprising one triangular crawler (15) and five wheels, the five wheels being a driving traction wheel (11), a driven wheel (12), a first support wheel, a second support wheel and a tension wheel (14).

[0044] (Appendix 3) The combined working machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for mountain tea fields according to Appendix 1, characterized in that the power system comprises a diesel engine (21), a small generator (22) and a storage battery (23), the diesel engine (21) supplies power to the small generator (22), the transport system and the furrow making system, and the small generator (22) and the storage battery (23) supply power to the fertilizing system, the furrow making system and the soil covering system.

[0045] (Appendix 4) The fertilization system includes a fertilizer storage hopper (31), a clogging prevention device (32), a conveying hopper (33), a screw-type constant-quantity feed rotating shaft (34), and a discharge pipe (35), the conveying hopper (33) is disposed at the lower end of the fertilizer storage hopper (31) and communicates with the fertilizer storage hopper (31), the discharge pipe (35) is disposed at the lower end of the conveying hopper (33) and communicates with the conveying hopper (33), the clogging prevention device (32) is disposed between the fertilizer storage hopper (31) and the conveying hopper (33), the screw-type constant-quantity feed rotating shaft (34) is disposed at the bottom of the conveying hopper (33), and constant-quantity fertilization is achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw-type constant-quantity feed rotating shaft (34).

[0046] (Appendix 5) The combined working machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer and covering soil for use in mountain tea fields according to Appendix 4, wherein the anti-clogging device (32) comprises an anti-clogging rotating shaft and a plurality of sets of anti-clogging mechanisms arranged on the anti-clogging rotating shaft, the plurality of sets of anti-clogging mechanisms being arranged along the axial direction of the anti-clogging rotating shaft, each set of anti-clogging mechanisms including a plurality of anti-clogging assemblies being arranged along the circumferential direction, each anti-clogging assembly including a link and a roller brush, one end of the link being connected to the roller brush and the other end of the link being connected to the anti-clogging rotating shaft.

[0047] (Appendix 6) 6. A combined machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer and covering soil for mountain tea fields as described in Appendix 5, wherein the lengths of the links and roller brushes in each anti-clogging assembly are different.

[0048] (Appendix 7) The furrow making system comprises a furrow making auger (41), a connector (42), a raftable high-speed power shaft (43), and a storage tube (44), the storage tube (44) is used to store the furrow making auger (41), the upper end of the connector (42) is connected to the lower end of the raftable high-speed power shaft (43), and the lower end of the connector (42) is connected to the upper end of the furrow making auger (41).

[0049] (Appendix 8) The furrow making auger (41) comprises a cylindrical main shaft (411) and three pairs of helical blades fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft (411), the helical blades are fixed in a spiral shape to the outer wall of the main shaft (411), the helical blades include a fixed wall (412) joined to the outer wall of the main shaft (411), an upper wall (413) located at the top, a rear wall (415) located at the bottom, and helical blades (414) located on the outside, an inwardly recessed hollow structure surrounded by the fixed wall (412), the upper wall (413), the rear wall (415), and the helical blades (414) forms a retaining chamber (416), and blades (417) are provided on the edges of the helical blades (414).

[0050] (Appendix 9) The combined working machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer and covering soil for mountain tea fields according to Appendix 8, characterized in that the total width of the spiral blade is 4 cm, the total length of the spiral blade is 10 cm, a crusher (418) is provided at the lowest end of the spiral blade, a head (419) is provided at the lower end of the main shaft (411) of the furrow making auger (41), and the head (419) is a screw-type head.

[0051] (Appendix 10) The soil covering system comprises a mulching bar (51) and a liftable elastic fixed rod (52), the upper end of which is connected to the mounting base (6), the lower end of which is connected to the mulching bar (51), and the mulching bar (51) is composed of three metal strips to which rubber strips are attached. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 11: driving traction wheel, 12: driven wheel, 13: Support wheel, 14: Tension ring, 15: Crawler, 16: Transport bracket, 17: Handle, 18: Steering wheel, 21: Diesel engine, 22: Small generator, 23: Storage battery, 31: Fertilizer storage hopper, 32: anti-clogging device, 33: Transport hopper, 34: Screw type constant volume supply rotating shaft, 35: Discharge pipe, 36: Shelf, 37: Bracket, 41: Groove auger, 411: Main axis, 412: Fixed wall, 413: upper sidewall, 414: Spiral blade, 415: rear sidewall, 416: Retaining room, 417: Blade, 418: Earthenware, 419: Head, 42: Connector, 43: Liftable high-speed power shaft, 44: Storage tube, 51: Earthing bar, 52: Liftable elastic fixed rod, 6: Mounting platform.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for mountain tea fields, comprising: a mounting base (6); a transport system, a power system, a fertilizing system, a furrow making system and a soil covering system that are arranged on the mounting base (6); the power system is connected to the transport system, the fertilizing system, the furrow making system and the soil covering system, respectively; and the furrow making system is located between the fertilizing system and the soil covering system.

2. 2. The multi-purpose machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for mountain tea fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that the transport system is a single-crawler transport system, comprising one triangular crawler (15) and five wheels, the five wheels being a driving traction wheel (11), a driven wheel (12), a first support wheel, a second support wheel and a tension wheel (14).

3. 2. The combined furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering machine for mountain tea fields according to claim 1, wherein the power system comprises a diesel engine (21), a small generator (22) and a storage battery (23), the diesel engine (21) supplies power to the small generator (22), the transport system and the furrow making system, and the small generator (22) and the storage battery (23) supply power to the fertilizing system, the furrow making system and the soil covering system.

4. 2. The multi-tasking machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer, and covering soil for use in mountain tea fields according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization system comprises a fertilizer storage hopper (31), a clogging prevention device (32), a conveying hopper (33), a screw-type constant-quantity supply rotating shaft (34), and a discharge pipe (35), wherein the conveying hopper (33) is disposed at a lower end of the fertilizer storage hopper (31) and communicates with the fertilizer storage hopper (31), the discharge pipe (35) is disposed at a lower end of the conveying hopper (33) and communicates with the conveying hopper (33), the clogging prevention device (32) is disposed between the fertilizer storage hopper (31) and the conveying hopper (33), the screw-type constant-quantity supply rotating shaft (34) is disposed at the bottom of the conveying hopper (33), and constant-quantity fertilization is achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw-type constant-quantity supply rotating shaft (34).

5. 5. The multi-task machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer and covering soil for use in mountain tea fields according to claim 4, wherein the anti-clogging device (32) comprises an anti-clogging rotating shaft and a plurality of sets of anti-clogging mechanisms arranged on the anti-clogging rotating shaft, the plurality of sets of anti-clogging mechanisms being arranged along the axial direction of the anti-clogging rotating shaft, each set of anti-clogging mechanisms including a plurality of anti-clogging assemblies being arranged along the circumferential direction, and each anti-clogging assembly including a link and a roller brush, one end of the link being connected to the roller brush and the other end of the link being connected to the anti-clogging rotating shaft.

6. 6. The combined machine for furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering for mountain tea fields according to claim 5, wherein the lengths of the links and roller brushes in each anti-clogging assembly are different.

7. The furrow making system comprises a furrow making auger (41), a connector (42), a liftable high-speed power shaft (43) and a storage tube (44), the storage tube (44) is used to store the furrow making auger (41), the upper end of the connector (42) is connected to the lower end of the liftable high-speed power shaft (43), and the lower end of the connector (42) is connected to the upper end of the furrow making auger (41), a combined furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering machine for mountain tea fields as described in claim 1.

8. 8. The furrow making auger (41) comprises a cylindrical main shaft (411) and three pairs of helical blades fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft (411), the helical blades are fixed spirally to the outer wall of the main shaft (411), the helical blades include a fixed wall (412) joined to the outer wall of the main shaft (411), an upper wall (413) located at the top, a rear wall (415) located at the bottom, and helical blades (414) located on the outside, an inwardly recessed hollow structure surrounded by the fixed wall (412), the upper wall (413), the rear wall (415), and the helical blades (414) forms a retaining chamber (416), and blades (417) are provided on the edges of the helical blades (414).

9. A combined furrow making, fertilizing and soil covering machine for mountain tea fields as described in claim 8, characterized in that the total width of the spiral blade is 4 cm, the total length of the spiral blade is 10 cm, a soil crusher (418) is provided at the lowest end of the spiral blade, a head (419) is provided at the lower end of the main shaft (411) of the furrow making auger (41), and the head (419) is a screw-type head.

10. 2. A multi-purpose machine for making furrows, applying fertilizer and covering soil for mountain tea fields as described in claim 1, characterized in that the soil covering system comprises a hilling bar (51) and a liftable elastic fixed rod (52), the upper end of the liftable elastic fixed rod (52) is connected to the mounting base (6), the lower end of the liftable elastic fixed rod (52) is connected to the hilling bar (51), and the hilling bar (51) is composed of three metal strips with rubber strips attached.

Images