Construction method for the running surface and marking rods

Abstract

The objective is to provide a method for constructing a running surface and a marker rod that can reduce concrete waste and labor while creating a desired running surface. [Solution] The invention is characterized by comprising: a foundation construction process of placing reinforcing bars 18 on the base 10 of section 1; a marker rod placement process of placing marker rods 20; a concrete pouring process of pouring concrete 30 up to the marker rod reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rods 20; a first leveling process of leveling the poured concrete 30 along the marker rod reference positions 20a and 20b; a marker rod removal process of removing the marker rods 20; and a finishing leveling process of shaping the poured concrete 30 into a desired running surface 12.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a running surface for constructing a curved slope such as a section for a skateboard, roller skate, bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, etc., or an oval track, and a marking rod.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a construction method for constructing a running surface that curves in a slope shape such as a section for a skateboard, roller skate, bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, etc., or an oval track has been proposed.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 describes a pre-hardening concrete placement step in which pre-hardening concrete is placed over the entire area in the direction connecting the bottom and the platform in the region that will become the surface curved portion, and a third plate-shaped member that is elongated in a third predetermined direction, wherein the side edge of the third plate-shaped member has an upper reference contact portion that contacts a horizontal member of a staking system installed above the surface curved portion of the section at one end in the third predetermined direction, a lower reference contact portion that contacts a positioning point at the bottom of the section at the other end in the third predetermined direction, and a curved portion between the upper reference contact portion and the lower reference contact portion having the same predetermined curvature as the second plate-shaped member, with the central part in the third predetermined direction protruding from the end portion, and the curved portion of the third plate-shaped member is pressed against the pre-hardening concrete in the region that will become the surface curved portion in the depth direction to form a reference mark groove that will become the surface of the surface curved portion. The present invention describes a method for constructing concrete for a skateboard park, comprising: a reference mark groove forming step, in which a third plate-shaped member is moved in the width direction relative to the direction connecting the bottom and the platform, and the curved portion of the third plate-shaped member is pressed against the unhardened concrete in the area that will become the curved surface portion to form a plurality of reference mark grooves in the width direction; a first leveling step, in which a first plate-shaped member, which is elongated in a first predetermined direction, is moved along the direction connecting the bottom and the platform in a posture that is elongated in the width direction relative to the direction connecting the bottom and the platform to level the surface of the curved surface portion; and a finishing step, in which a second plate-shaped member, which is elongated in a second predetermined direction and has a curved surface with a predetermined curvature such that the central portion in the second predetermined direction protrudes from the end portion, is moved in at least one of the direction connecting the bottom and the platform and the width direction in a posture that is elongated in the direction connecting the bottom and the platform to level the surface irregularities of the curved surface portion. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7161194 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] However, in the construction method described in Patent Document 1, the curved portion of the third plate-shaped member is pressed against the surface, and the bottom of the reference mark groove created in the depth direction is leveled so that it becomes the surface of the curved portion of the surface. This results in a lot of the sprayed concrete being scraped off, and a lot of the scraped-off concrete is wasted. In addition, because a large portion is scraped off, the area to be leveled deeply is wide, and the leveling work is very complicated.

[0006] This invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and aims to provide a method for constructing a running surface and a marker rod that can construct a desired running surface while minimizing concrete waste and labor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The construction method for a running surface according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising: a foundation construction step of constructing a section that forms a foundation surface which will be the base for the running surface and a base for an oval track, and arranging reinforcing bars on the surface of the foundation surface; a marker bar placement step of placing a rod-shaped marker bar, which is curved to take the desired vertical shape of the running surface, on the non-base side of the placed reinforcing bars, such that the reference position of the marker bar, which is the side extending vertically, determines the shape of the running surface; a concrete pouring step of pouring concrete from above the reinforcing bars up to the reference position of the marker bar after the marker bar has been placed; a first leveling step of leveling the poured concrete along the reference position of the marker bar before it hardens; a marker bar removal step of removing the marker bar after the first leveling step; and a finishing leveling step of shaping the poured concrete from which the marker bar has been removed into a desired running surface while leveling it to fill any marker grooves formed by the removal of the marker bar before it hardens.

[0008] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1, in the marking rod placement step, a plurality of marking rods are arranged parallel to each other in a direction extending vertically at predetermined intervals from each other.

[0009] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1, the upper part of the marker rod has an upper fixing part for fixing the marker rod to a reference position above the running surface.

[0010] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 2, the upper part of the marker rod has an upper fixing part for fixing the marker rod to a reference position above the running surface.

[0011] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 5 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 3, the upper fixing portion of the marker rod is shaped to be able to be locked to an upper stake that extends along the upper edge of the running surface and serves as a reference position above the running surface.

[0012] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 6 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 4, the upper fixing portion of the marker rod is shaped to be able to be locked to an upper stake that extends along the upper edge of the running surface and serves as a reference position above the running surface.

[0013] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 7 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 6, the lower part of the marker rod has a lower fixing part for fixing the marker rod to a reference position below the running surface.

[0014] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 8 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 6, the surface of the marker rod is a different color from the concrete.

[0015] The construction method for the running surface described in claim 9 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 7, the surface of the marker rod is a different color from that of the concrete.

[0016] The marker rod according to claim 10 is rod-shaped, curved to take the desired shape in the vertical direction of the running surface, and the sides extending vertically serve as the marker rod reference position that determines the shape of the desired running surface.

[0017] The marker rod according to claim 11 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 10, it has an upper fixing part on the upper part of the marker rod for fixing the marker rod to a reference position above the running surface.

[0018] The marker rod according to claim 12 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 11, the upper fixing portion of the marker rod is shaped to be able to be locked to an upper stake that extends along the upper edge of the running surface and serves as a reference position above the running surface.

[0019] The marker rod according to claim 13 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 10 to 12, it has a lower fixing part at the lower part of the marker rod for fixing the marker rod to a reference position below the running surface.

[0020] The marker rod according to claim 14 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 10 to 12, the surface of the marker rod is a color that is not the same as concrete.

[0021] The marker rod described in claim 15 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 13, the surface of the marker rod is a color that is not the same as concrete.

[0022] The construction method for a running surface according to claim 16 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1, in the foundation construction step, a plurality of reinforcing bars with different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface are placed on the surface of the foundation, and in the marker rod placement step, a plurality of marker rods with different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface are placed in a direction that extends vertically on the non-base side of the reinforcing bars.

[0023] The construction method for a running surface according to claim 17 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 16, in the foundation construction step the longitudinal reinforcements of adjacent reinforcing bars are arranged such that the spacing on the outer edge is wider than the spacing on the inner edge, in accordance with the shape of the running surface, and in the marker rod placement step the marker rods are arranged such that the spacing on the outer edge is wider than the spacing on the inner edge, in accordance with the shape of the running surface.

[0024] The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 18 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 6, in the step of arranging the marking rod, the marking rod is erected on the base surface, and the marking rod is arranged by using a marking rod positioning member for holding the reference position of the marking rod at a desired position.

[0025] The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 19 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 18, in the step of removing the marking rod, the marking rod and the marking rod positioning member are removed.

[0026] The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 20 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 6, in the concrete placing step, the first leveling step is simultaneously performed, and while placing concrete from above the reinforcing bars to the reference position of the marking rod of the marking rod, the surface of the placed concrete is leveled along the reference position of the marking rod.

Advantages of the Invention

[0027] According to the present invention, it is made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to construct a desired running surface while suppressing waste of concrete and labor.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] [Figure 1] It is an explanatory view showing an example of a section completed by the method for constructing a section running surface for a skateboard according to the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a perspective explanatory view showing the foundation construction step of the method for constructing a section running surface for a skateboard. [Figure 3] It is a side view explanatory view showing the foundation construction step of the method for constructing a section running surface for a skateboard. [Figure 4] It is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a B portion of the A-A end face in FIG. 2 showing the foundation construction step of the method for constructing a section running surface for a skateboard. [Figure 5] It is a perspective explanatory view showing the step of arranging the marking rod of the method for constructing a section running surface for a skateboard. [Figure 6]This is a side view diagram illustrating the process of placing marker rods in the construction method for the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 7] This is a diagram illustrating the lateral end face of section B of end face AA in Figure 5, which shows the process of placing marker rods for the construction method of the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 8] This is a perspective view diagram illustrating an intermediate stage in the concrete pouring process for the construction of the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 9] This is a perspective view diagram illustrating the concrete pouring process for the construction method of the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 10] This is a side view diagram illustrating the first leveling step in the construction method for the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 11] This is an explanatory diagram of the lateral end face after the first leveling step of section B of the AA end face in Figure 9, which shows the construction method for the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 12] This is an explanatory diagram of the lateral end face of section B of the CC end face in Figure 9, after the first leveling step, which shows the construction method for the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 13] This is a side view diagram illustrating the process of removing marker rods during the construction of the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 14] This is an explanatory diagram of the lateral end face after the removal of the marker rods in section B of the AA end face in Figure 9, which shows the process of removing the marker rods in the construction method of the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 15] This is an explanatory diagram of the lateral end face after finishing and leveling of section B of the CC end face in Figure 9, showing the finishing and leveling process for the construction method of the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 16] This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an oval track completed using the construction method for the oval track running surface according to the present invention, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a perspective view, and (c) shows the change in the height position of the outer edge of the running surface over half the circumference of the oval track. [Figure 17] (a) to (c) are schematic end views of the oval track in Figure 16 at points F, G, and H. [Figure 18]This is a perspective view illustrating the process of placing marker rods in the construction method for the oval track running surface. [Figure 19] This is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a section completed by another skateboard section running surface construction method according to the present invention. [Figure 20] This is a perspective view diagram illustrating the process of placing marker rods in the construction method for the running surface of the skateboard section. [Figure 21] This is a magnified explanatory diagram of a portion of Figure 20. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that in this invention, the objects of construction are not limited to sections such as skateboards and oval tracks, as long as they are curved slopes. Furthermore, the objects traveling on the curved slopes are not limited to skateboards, roller skates, bicycles, motorcycles, and automobiles.

[0030] Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a section completed by the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a perspective explanatory diagram showing the basic construction process of the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section. Figure 3 is a side view explanatory diagram showing the basic construction process of the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section. Figure 4 is a side view explanatory diagram of portion B of the AA end face in Figure 2, showing the basic construction process of the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section. Figure 5 is a perspective explanatory diagram showing the marker rod placement process of the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section. Figure 6 is a side view explanatory diagram showing the marker rod placement process of the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section. Figure 7 is a side view explanatory diagram of portion B of the AA end face in Figure 5, showing the marker rod placement process of the construction method for the running surface of a skateboard section.

[0031] Figure 8 is a perspective view diagram showing an intermediate stage of the concrete pouring process in the construction method for the skateboard section running surface. Figure 9 is a perspective view diagram showing the concrete pouring process in the construction method for the skateboard section running surface. Figure 10 is a side view diagram showing the first leveling process in the construction method for the skateboard section running surface. Figure 11 is a side view diagram showing the first leveling process in the construction method for the skateboard section running surface, specifically the B portion of the AA end face in Figure 9 after the first leveling. Figure 12 is a side view diagram showing the first leveling process in the construction method for the skateboard section running surface, specifically the B portion of the CC end face in Figure 9 after the first leveling. Figure 13 is a side view diagram showing the marker rod removal process in the construction method for the skateboard section running surface. Figure 14 is a side view diagram showing the marker rod removal process in the AA end face in Figure 9 after the marker rod has been removed. Figure 15 is an explanatory diagram of the lateral end face after finishing the finishing process of section B of the CC end face in Figure 9, illustrating the finishing and leveling process for the construction method of the running surface of the skateboard section.

[0032] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an oval track completed by the construction method for the oval track running surface according to the present invention. Figure 16(a) is a plan view of the oval track, Figure 16(b) is a perspective view of Figure 16(a), and Figure 16(c) shows the change in the height position of the outer edge of the running surface over half of the oval track in Figure 16(a), including the U-shaped portion in the F1-F2 section. Figure 17 is a schematic end view of the oval track in Figure 16 at various points. Figure 17(a) shows the schematic end view at F, Figure 17(b) shows the schematic end view at G, and Figure 17(c) shows the schematic end view at H. Note that the oval track in Figure 16(a) is symmetrical with respect to the center line extending in the vertical direction and with respect to the center line extending in the horizontal direction, so F in Figure 17 includes F1-4, G includes G1 and G2, and H includes H1 and H2. Figure 18 is a perspective view illustrating the process of placing marker rods for the construction method of the running surface in the G1-H1 section of the oval track shown in Figure 16(a).

[0033] Figure 19 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a section completed by another skateboard section running surface construction method according to the present invention. Figure 20 is a perspective explanatory diagram showing the marker rod placement process of the same skateboard section running surface construction method. Figure 21 is a partially enlarged explanatory diagram of Figure 20.

[0034] The construction method for running surfaces according to the present invention is a method for constructing running surfaces 12 and 72, which are curved slopes of sections 1 and 2 for skateboards, etc., after completion, as shown in Figures 1 and 19, and running surface 52, which is a curved slope of oval track 40, after completion, as shown in Figures 16(a) and (b). Furthermore, the marker rods 20, 60, and 80 according to the present invention are used when constructing running surfaces 12, 52, and 72, which are made of concrete 30 and are curved slopes of sections 1 and 2 for skateboards, etc., or oval track 40.

[0035] Furthermore, although the shapes of the running surfaces 12, 52, and 72 of sections 1 and 2 or the oval track 40 are curved slopes, their size and other aspects are entirely arbitrary, and in this invention, they are described as desirable shapes. Also, Figures 1-15 and 19-21 illustrate parts of sections for skateboards, etc., and Figure 18 illustrates a section of the oval track 40.

[0036] In sections 1 and 2 shown in Figures 1 and 19, etc., or in the oval track 40 shown in Figure 16, etc., the flat top portions above the running surfaces 12, 52, and 72 are platforms 14, 54, and 74. These may be formed before or after the construction of the running surfaces 12, 52, and 72. In this embodiment, platforms 14, 54, and 74 are formed first before the construction of the running surfaces 12, 52, and 72.

[0037] Furthermore, round rod-shaped copings 16 and 56 are provided horizontally at the corners of the boundary between the running surfaces 12 and 52, which are the upper pieces of the running surfaces 12 and 52 and the platforms 14 and 54. In this embodiment, these copings 16 and 56 also serve as upper stakings indicating the horizontal reference position on the upper part of the running surfaces 12 and 52. Of course, construction may also be carried out with upper stakings provided separately from, or in place of, the copings 16 and 56.

[0038] The construction method for the running surface according to the present invention consists of the following steps: a foundation construction step, a marker rod placement step, a concrete pouring step, a first leveling step, a marker rod removal step, and a final leveling step. These steps are carried out in the order described.

[0039] Next, the construction method for the running surface according to the present invention will be explained by describing each step in detail. First, the construction method for Section 1 of the running surface for skateboards, roller skates, bicycles, motorcycles, automobiles, etc. will be explained.

[0040] In the initial foundation construction process, the base 10 of section 1 for skateboards, etc., which forms the foundation surface 10a that will serve as the base for the running surface 12, is constructed, and reinforcing bars 18 are placed on the surface of the foundation surface 10a. Here, the base 10 is the part that forms the basic structure of section 1. The foundation surface 10a is the base surface for the running surface 12, and although it is shaped to roughly follow the desired running surface 12, it may also be constructed as a non-curved slope that follows the approximate incline of the running surface 12.

[0041] The foundation 10 can be constructed, for example, by excavating the ground at the construction site to create a depression, and then leveling the slope to become the foundation surface 10a, which is the base surface for the running surface 12, which is a curved slope. Alternatively, if the construction site itself is a sloping area with a slope, the foundation 10 can be constructed by leveling the slope to become the foundation surface 10a. Furthermore, the foundation 10 can also be constructed by assembling a concrete formwork to create a small mound-like concrete structure with a foundation surface. Thus, the method of constructing the foundation 10 and the foundation surface 10a is not limited.

[0042] Next, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, reinforcing bars 18, which are made by assembling steel bars (vertical bars 18a, horizontal bars 18b) in a grid pattern, are placed on the surface of the foundation surface 10a. The reinforcing bars 18 may be assembled in advance at another location or assembled at the construction site. Figure 4 shows part of the base 10, foundation surface 10a, and reinforcing bars 18, representing part B of the AA end face in Figure 2 (Figures 7, 11, 14, and 15 are similar). Figure 12, which will be described later, shows part B of the CC end face in Figure 2 after the concrete pouring process.

[0043] The concrete frame 16a shown in Figure 2, etc., is a long plate extending in the width direction of section 1. It is installed lying horizontally and then standing upright, and in the concrete pouring process described later, it forms a wall that defines the position of the lower end where the concrete 30 will be poured. In this embodiment, the concrete frame 16a also functions as a lower staking and serves as a reference position below the running surface 12. However, a lower staking that serves as a reference position below the running surface 12 may be provided separately from the concrete frame 16a. In this embodiment, the position of the reinforcing bars 18 is also determined by passing the lower end of the vertical reinforcement bars 18a through the concrete frame 16a.

[0044] The marker rod placement process following the foundation construction process involves placing marker rods 20 on the non-base side of the reinforcing bars 18 placed on the foundation surface 10a, as shown in Figures 5 to 7. The marker rods 20 are rod-shaped and curved to match the desired vertical shape of the running surface 12. In this embodiment, they are round rods, but they can also be square rods, and the cross-sectional shape is not limited. Furthermore, the material of the marker rods 20 can be metal such as iron or aluminum, resin, or wood, and the material is not limited.

[0045] As shown in Figures 11 and 12 described later, the vertically extending edges of the surface of the marker bar 20 are the marker bar reference positions 20a and 20b, and these marker bar reference positions 20a and 20b become the reference shape for the curved shape of the desired running surface 12. The edges that become the marker bar reference positions 20a and 20b are the faces or ridges of the corners in the case of a square bar, and lines (grooves) in the case of a round bar in this embodiment. The shape of the edges is not limited as long as they have a ruler-like function of indicating the reference shape for the curved shape of the desired running surface 12. Furthermore, as will be described later, even with a single marker bar 20, the positions of the marker bar reference positions 20a and 20b may change along the longitudinal direction from top to bottom.

[0046] Then, as shown in Figures 5 to 7, these marker rods 20 are positioned on the non-base side of the placed reinforcing bars 18 so that the shape of the desired running surface 12 is determined by the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rods. In this embodiment, the upper part of the marker rod 20 is aligned and fixed to a predetermined reference position on the lower part of the coping 16, which also serves as the upper staking, and the lower part of the marker rod 20 is fixed so as to rest on a predetermined reference position on the concrete frame 16a, which also serves as the lower staking.

[0047] Depending on the desired width of the running surface 12, multiple marker rods 20 may be arranged parallel to each other in a direction extending vertically at predetermined intervals from each other.

[0048] The surface color of the marker rod 20 is arbitrary and may be the color of the material of the marker rod 20 itself, but it is preferable that it be a different color from the concrete 30 to be poured. A different color from the color of the concrete 30 means a color that is not similar to the color of the concrete 30 before it hardens, but a color that allows the position of the marker rod 20 to be seen in relation to the concrete 30 before it hardens.

[0049] Furthermore, although the marker rod 20 of this embodiment does not describe means for fixing the marker rod 20 to a reference position above the desired running surface 12, it is possible to provide an upper fixing part for fixing the marker rod 20 to a reference position above the desired running surface 12. A specific shape of the upper fixing part could be, for example, a shape that can be locked to a coping (upper staking) 16 that extends along the upper edge of the desired running surface 12 and serves as a reference position above the running surface 12.

[0050] Furthermore, although the marker rod 20 of this embodiment does not describe means for fixing the marker rod 20 to a reference position below the desired running surface 12, it is possible to provide a lower fixing part for fixing the marker rod 20 to a reference position below the desired running surface 12. A specific shape of the lower fixing part could be, for example, a shape that clamps the marker rod 20 to a concrete frame (lower setting out) 16a that serves as the lower reference position.

[0051] Next, as part of the concrete pouring process, concrete 30 is poured over the reinforcing bars 18 on which the marker rods 20 are placed (Figure 8 shows the concrete 30 being poured in progress). The method of concrete pouring is not particularly limited and is arbitrary, and includes spraying, pouring (casting), troweling, etc. In the construction method of the running surface in Section 1 of this embodiment, the concrete pouring process is described as being performed by spraying, but it is not limited to this.

[0052] The amount (thickness) of concrete 30 to be sprayed is up to the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rod 20, which are the heights of the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rod 20. In this embodiment, up to the portion where concrete 30 is sprayed (part D) shown in Figure 8, the reference position 20a of the marker rod 20 is a line extending above and below the top of the marker rod 20. In other words, by spraying concrete 30 up to this reference position 20a, the marker rod 20 is hidden (in Figure 8, the portion hidden by the concrete 30 is shown with a dashed line) (see Figure 11).

[0053] Furthermore, concrete 30 is sprayed onto section E in Figure 8, but as shown in Figure 9, section E in Figure 9 is a line extending above and below the bottom position of the marker rod reference position 20b, and in section E, concrete 30 is sprayed up to directly below the marker rod reference position 20b (see Figure 12).

[0054] The concrete 30 to be sprayed has a viscosity suitable for application to the running surface 12. For example, a sprayable concrete material with a ratio of 1 part concrete to 3 parts sand is used. It is also possible to use pea gravel concrete with aggregate of 10 mm or less (for example, 24-15-10 (nominal strength - slump - maximum aggregate size)) for the concrete 30. Considering the subsequent steps, the concrete 30 should be sprayed as quickly as possible, and the next step should be carried out while it is slowly hardening. For this purpose, concrete 30 that is hard enough not to sag or collapse should be sprayed in layers of about 30 mm thickness as quickly as possible. After spraying is finished, a roof may be made with a sheet to prevent direct sunlight from hitting it and allow it to harden slowly. In this embodiment, the construction method of spraying concrete 30 is described, but it is not limited to spraying; the concrete 30 may also be applied by troweling as part of the concrete pouring process.

[0055] In the concrete placement process, once the spraying of concrete 30 is complete, a first leveling process is performed to smooth the sprayed concrete 30 along the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rods before it hardens. The method of leveling the concrete is not particularly limited and is arbitrary, and includes scraping off the concrete 30, troweling, etc. When spraying the concrete 30, even if care is taken not to spray too much, it will inevitably exceed the positions of the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rods 20 to some extent. Therefore, in this first leveling process, a trowel or concrete leveling tool is used to scrape off the concrete 30 along the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rods before it hardens. Figures 10 to 12 show the state after the concrete 30 has been scraped off along the reference positions 20a and 20b of the marker rods in the first leveling process.

[0056] After the first leveling step, a marking rod removal step is performed to remove the marking rods 20. In this marking rod removal step, the marking rods 20 are carefully removed so as not to disturb the concrete 30 leveled in the first leveling step (see Figure 13). When the marking rods 20 are removed, a marking groove 32 remains in the concrete 30 at the marking rod reference position 20a of the marking rods 20, as shown in Figure 14.

[0057] After removing the marker rods 20, a finishing leveling process is performed on the sprayed concrete 30 from which the marker rods 20 have been removed. Before it hardens, the concrete is leveled to fill any marker grooves 32 formed when the marker rods 20 were removed, and is shaped into the desired running surface 12. In the finishing process, in areas with marker grooves 32 (Figure 14), the running surface 12 is leveled to fill the marker grooves 32 while maintaining the position (height) of the marker rod reference position 20a, as shown in Figure 15. In areas without marker grooves 32, which are positioned at the marker rod reference position 20b, the running surface 12 is leveled at the position of the marker rod reference position 20b. In the finishing leveling process, a trowel or concrete leveling tools are used to level the concrete 30.

[0058] In this embodiment, the case where the reference position 20a and reference position 20b of the marker rod change even with a single marker rod 20 has been described, but it is also possible to keep the position constant. For example, when fixing the marker rod 20 to the concrete frame 16a, a groove may be made on the upper edge of the concrete frame 16a, and the lower end portion of the marker rod 20 may be fitted into the groove so that the height of the upper edge of the marker rod 20 (reference position 20a) and the concrete frame 16a are fixed at the same height. After fixing the marker rod 20 to the concrete frame 16a in this way, in the concrete pouring process, concrete 30 is sprayed up to the height of the reference position 20a of the marker rod 20. When the marker rod 20 is removed in this state, a marker groove 32 will be created from the top to the bottom of the running surface 12, and in the finishing leveling process, the running surface 12 should be leveled by filling in the marker groove 32 while maintaining the position (height) of the reference position 20a of the marker rod.

[0059] After the above steps are completed and the concrete 30 hardens, the running surface 12 is formed. Alternatively, after the concrete 30 has hardened to the specified hardness, the concrete frame 16a can be removed, and concrete can be poured to fill the end created by the concrete frame 16a, thereby forming the bottom portion of section 1.

[0060] Next, as another embodiment, a method for constructing the running surface of an oval track for skateboards, roller skates, bicycles, motorcycles, automobiles, etc. will be described. As shown in Figure 1 and other figures, the vertical cross-section of Section 1 described above is the same as the side cross-section. In contrast, the oval track 40 of this embodiment is composed of a combination of straight and curved sections, as shown in Figure 16(a), which is a plan view from above. Also, as shown in Figures 16(b) and (c), the height position of the upper end, which is the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52, changes gradually.

[0061] As described above, the basic construction method is the same for Section 1 and the oval track 40, but due to the difference in the shapes of the bases 10 and 50, there are significant differences in the foundation construction process and the marker rod placement process. In this embodiment, the coping 56, concrete frame 56a, vertical reinforcement 58a, horizontal reinforcement 58b, and marker rod 60 must be made to match the shape of the running surface 52 of the oval track 40 and must be placed in accordance with the shape of the running surface 52.

[0062] First, the shape of the oval track 40 in this embodiment will be described. Note that the oval track 40 is symmetrical with respect to the center line extending in the vertical direction and with respect to the center line extending in the horizontal direction in the plan view of Figure 16(a). Therefore, the section that is roughly U-shaped in plan view from F3 to F4 and the section from H2 to F2 will be omitted from the description in Figure 16(a) in a clockwise direction. Hereafter, the sections from F2 to F3, F4 to F1, F1 to G1, G1 to H1, and H1 to H2 (hereinafter referred to as the F2 to F3 and F4 to F1 sections, the F1 to G1 section, the G1 to H1 section, and the H1 to H2 section, respectively) will be described in a clockwise direction in Figure 16(a).

[0063] Sections F2-F3 and F4-F1 of the oval track 40 are flat and straight. Section F1-G1 is straight in the plan view shown in Figure 16(a), and as shown in Figures 16(b) and (c), the height of the inner edge 52b of the running surface 52 remains constant, but the height of the outer edge 52a gradually increases from F1 to G1, and the approximate end face changes from Figure 17(a) to Figure 17(b), with the degree of curvature of the running surface 52 gradually increasing.

[0064] In the plan view of Figure 16(a), the G1-H1 section of the oval track 40 is curved. As shown in Figures 16(b) and (c), the height of the inner edge 52b of the running surface 52 remains constant, but the height of the outer edge 52a gradually increases from G1 to H1. The approximate end face changes from Figure 17(b) to Figure 17(c), and the degree of curvature of the running surface 52 gradually increases. In the plan view of Figure 16(a), the H1-H2 section is curved. As shown in Figure 16(c), the height of the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52 is constant, and the degree of curvature of the running surface 52 is also constant.

[0065] In the initial foundation construction process, a roughly U-shaped base 50 is constructed from F1 to F2 of the oval track 40, which forms the base surface 50a that will serve as the base for the running surface 52. At the same time, reinforcing bars 58, which are steel bars (vertical bars 58a, horizontal bars 58b) assembled in a roughly grid pattern, are placed on the surface of the base surface 50a of the base 50, similar to Figures 2 to 4 of Section 1 described above. Differences from Section 1 include the changes in height of the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52, as shown in Figures 16(c) and 17(a) to (c), and the handling of the curved section in plan view.

[0066] Since the F1-G1 section is straight in plan view, the horizontal reinforcement bars 58b that make up the reinforcing bar 58 are straight when placed in a position where they are not significantly affected by changes in the height direction of the running surface 52. However, when placed on the outer edge 52a side, which is affected by changes in the height direction of the running surface 52, curved horizontal reinforcement bars 58b are used if necessary to match the shape of the running surface 52 and are placed accordingly.

[0067] Furthermore, in the running surface 52 of the F1-G1 section, the height of the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52 gradually increases from F1 to G1, and as a result, the degree of curvature of the curved slope in the vertical direction varies depending on the location. For this reason, the vertical bars 58a that make up the reinforcing bars 58 are arranged in multiple sets of vertical bars 58a with different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface 52, but they may also be arranged parallel to each other in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval.

[0068] In the curved section G1-H1 in plan view, as shown in Figure 18, the horizontal bars 58b are curved to match the shape of the running surface 52 at the position where they are placed; that is, different degrees of curvature and lengths are used depending on the position. Multiple horizontal bars 58b are then placed to match the shape of the running surface 52.

[0069] Furthermore, as the height of the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52 gradually increases from G1 to H1, vertical bars 58a of different curvatures are used depending on their placement. The spacing between adjacent vertical bars 58a is arranged so that the spacing on the outer edge 52a side and the spacing on the inner edge 52b side are different along the curve. It is preferable to arrange multiple adjacent vertical bars 58a of different curvatures so that the spacing on the outer edge 52a side is wider than the spacing on the inner edge 52b side, in accordance with the shape of the running surface 52.

[0070] Furthermore, in the curved H1-H2 section in plan view, the horizontal bars 58b are curved to match the shape of the running surface 52 at the position where they are placed, and multiple horizontal bars 58b are arranged to match the shape of the running surface 52. Also, since the height of the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52 is constant, vertical bars 58a are used with a constant degree of curvature. And it is preferable to arrange multiple adjacent vertical bars 58a so that the spacing on the outer edge 52a side is wider than the spacing on the inner edge 52b side, in accordance with the shape of the running surface 52.

[0071] Furthermore, the concrete frame 56a is a long plate that extends along the inner edge 52b of the running surface 52 of the oval track 40, and is installed lying horizontally and upright. The difference between the concrete frame 56a and the concrete frame 16a of Section 1 described above is that in the plan view curved sections of the G1-H1 section and the H1-H2 section, it is curved along the inner edge 52b of the running surface 52. Similarly, the coping 56 is also curved along the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52 in the plan view curved sections of the G1-H1 section and the H1-H2 section.

[0072] The marker rod placement process following the foundation construction process involves placing marker rods 60 on the non-sill side of the reinforcing bars 58 placed on the foundation surface 50a, as shown in Figure 18. The marker rods 60 are rod-shaped and curved to match the desired vertical shape of the running surface 52. The marker rods 60 are basically the same as the marker rods 20 used in the construction of Section 1, but different degrees of curvature are used to match the shape of the running surface 52 at the placement location.

[0073] Then, the marker rods 60 are placed on the non-base side of the placed reinforcing bars 58 so that the desired shape of the running surface 52 can be determined. For the construction of the F1 to G1 section, which is a straight line in plan view, multiple marker rods 60 may be placed parallel to each other in the direction extending vertically at predetermined intervals, similar to the marker rods 20 used in the construction of section 1. However, the marker rods 60 should have different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface 52, depending on the position where they are placed, in accordance with the change in height of the outer edge 52a of the running surface 52.

[0074] For the construction of the curved section, multiple marker rods 60 with different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface 52 are placed in a direction extending vertically on the non-base side of the reinforcing bars 58. Here, the direction extending vertically is the direction along the vertical reinforcement bars 58a. It is preferable to arrange multiple adjacent marker rods 60 so that the spacing on the outer edge 52a side is wider than the spacing on the inner edge 52b side, in accordance with the shape of the running surface 52. In this embodiment, the upper part of the marker rod 60 is aligned and fixed to a predetermined reference position on the lower part of the coping 56, which also serves as the upper staking, and the lower part of the marker rod 60 is fixed so as to rest on a predetermined reference position on the concrete frame 56a, which also serves as the lower staking.

[0075] Next, in the concrete pouring process, concrete is poured over the reinforcing bars 58 on which the marker rods 60 are placed, up to the reference position of the marker rods 60. Then, before the concrete hardens, a first leveling process is performed in which the concrete is scraped off along the reference position of the marker rods, followed by a marker rod removal process to remove the marker rods 60, and then a final leveling process. After these processes are completed and the concrete hardens, the running surface 52 is formed. After the concrete has hardened to the specified hardness, the concrete frame 56a is removed, and concrete is poured to fill the end created by the concrete frame 56a, forming the oval track 40.

[0076] As another embodiment, a method for constructing the running surface of Section 2 for skateboards, roller skates, bicycles, motorcycles, automobiles, etc., as shown in Figure 19, will be described. Compared to Figure 1, which represents Section 1, Section 2 does not have a coping 16, the height of the platform 74 is lower than that of the platform 14, and the slope of the curved slope of the running surface 72 is gentler, but overall the shape is similar to that of Section 1. For this reason, the method for constructing the running surface of Section 2 is almost the same as the method for constructing Section 1 described above, and the differences will be explained below.

[0077] In the initial foundation construction process, similar to the construction method for Section 1, the base 70 of Section 2, which forms the foundation surface 70a that will serve as the base for the running surface 72, is constructed as shown in Figure 20. Then, reinforcing bars 78 are placed on the surface of the formed foundation surface 70a. The reinforcing bars 78 are made by assembling steel bars (vertical bars 78a, horizontal bars 78b) in a grid pattern.

[0078] In the marker bar placement process following the foundation construction process, marker bars 80 are placed on the non-base side of the reinforcing bars 78 that are placed on the foundation surface 70a. Here, the non-base side of the reinforcing bars 78 is above the reinforcing bars 78. The marker bar placement process is basically the same as the construction method in Section 1, but in this embodiment, the marker bar reference position 80a, which is erected on the surface of the foundation surface 70a, is used to hold the marker bar reference position 80a of the marker bar 80 in the desired position and adjust the shape of the marker bar 80 to be placed.

[0079] First, the marker rod 80 is placed on the non-base side of the positioned reinforcing bars 78. The upper part of the marker rod 80 is aligned and temporarily fixed so that it rests on the predetermined reference position of the concrete frame 76a, which also serves as the upper batten. The lower part of the marker rod 80 is also temporarily fixed so that it rests on the predetermined reference position of the concrete frame 76b, which also serves as the lower batten. Some or all of the marker rod positioning members 82 to be placed may be installed in advance before the marker rod 80 is placed.

[0080] As shown in Figures 20 and 21, along the fixed marker rod 80, marker rod positioning members 82 are erected on the foundation surface 70a at regular or arbitrary intervals between the concrete frame (upper setting) 76a and the concrete frame (lower setting) 76b. In this embodiment, the marker rod reference position 80a set on the marker rod 80 is a groove extending from the top of the round marker rod 80 from top to bottom in the longitudinal direction, indicating the height position where the concrete 30 will be poured. Furthermore, the method of erecting the marker rod positioning members 82 is arbitrary; for example, they may be driven into the surface of the foundation surface 70a.

[0081] The marker rod positioning member 82 is marked with a mark M, and the shape of the marker rod 80 is adjusted based on this mark M. Note that the mark M is not mandatory. For example, the marker rod 80, whose shape has been adjusted by measurement on-site, may be temporarily fixed to the marker rod positioning member 82 as described later.

[0082] The marks M on the marker rod positioning member 82 may be pre-marked, or they may be marked on the surface of the foundation 70a after the marker rod positioning member 82 has been erected and measurements taken on-site. The material of the marker rod positioning member 82 is arbitrary, but it can be a rod-shaped or plate-shaped member made of metal, wood, resin, etc., and an iron rod is preferred.

[0083] The marker rod 80 is shaped so that the reference position 80a of the marker rod aligns with the position indicated by the mark M on the marker rod positioning member 82. Preferably, the marker rod 80 and the marker rod positioning member 82 are temporarily fixed together so that the reference position 80a of the marker rod 80a and the position indicated by the mark M do not shift. The method of temporary fixing is arbitrary and can be, for example, tying with string, tape, wire, fitting, adhesive, or temporary fixing with fixing brackets. This allows the marker rod 80 to be shaped as desired and maintains its shape during concrete pouring. In this way, the reference position 80a of the marker rod, which runs from top to bottom in the longitudinal direction, can be determined more accurately, and the desired shape of the running surface 72 can be obtained.

[0084] The surface color of the marker rod 80 is arbitrary, but it is preferable that it be a non-same color as the color of the concrete 30 to be poured. In this embodiment, the marks M on the marker rod 80 and the marker rod positioning member 82 are red against the gray concrete 30.

[0085] Next, as part of the concrete pouring process, concrete 30 is poured over the reinforcing bars 78 on which the marker rods 80 and marker rod positioning members 82 are placed. In this embodiment, the concrete pouring process is performed by pouring (sinking).

[0086] In the concrete pouring process of Section 2, the concrete 30 is poured up to the reference position 80a of the marker rod 80, and at the same time, a first leveling process is performed to level the poured concrete 30 so that it is aligned with the reference position 80a of the marker rod. The method of leveling the concrete 30 is not particularly limited and is arbitrary, and includes methods such as troweling with a trowel or a concrete leveling tool.

[0087] When pouring the concrete 30, even if care is taken not to pour in too much concrete 30, it will still slightly exceed the position of the reference position 80a of the marker rod 80. In this embodiment, while pouring the concrete 30, the surface of the poured concrete 30 is leveled to align with the reference position 80a of the marker rod before it hardens.

[0088] Therefore, any excess concrete 30 exceeding the reference position 80a of the marker rod can be extended onto the construction surface during pouring to aid in the pouring process. Furthermore, it is possible to minimize the amount of concrete waste that would otherwise be scraped off and discarded, and the amount of concrete 30 poured can be kept to a minimum without waste.

[0089] After the concrete pouring process and the first leveling process, a marking rod removal process is performed to remove the marking rods 80 and the marking rod positioning members 82. In this marking rod removal process, the marking rods 80 and the marking rod positioning members 82 are carefully removed so as not to disturb the concrete 30 that was leveled in the first leveling process.

[0090] Before the concrete 30 hardens, if there are mark grooves originating from the mark rod 80 and / or holes originating from the mark rod positioning member 82 formed by removing the mark rod 80 and the mark rod positioning member 82, a finishing leveling process is performed to fill the mark grooves and / or holes and shape the concrete into the desired running surface 72. In the finishing process, in areas where there are mark grooves and / or holes formed by removing the mark rod 80 and the mark rod positioning member 82, the running surface 72 is leveled by filling the mark grooves and / or holes while maintaining the position (height) of the mark rod reference position 80a. In the finishing leveling process, leveling is also performed using a trowel or concrete leveling tools.

[0091] After the above steps are completed, the running surface 72 will be formed once the concrete 30 has hardened. After the concrete 30 has hardened to the specified hardness, the concrete frames 76a and 76b will be removed, and concrete will be poured to fill the ends created by the concrete frames 76a and 76b, thereby forming the bottom portion of section 2 and the platform 74. Section 2 is formed in this manner.

[0092] According to the construction method for the running surface using the marker rods 20, 60, and 80 as described above, it is possible to construct the desired running surfaces 12, 52, and 72 while minimizing the waste of concrete 30 and reducing labor.

[0093] This invention allows for various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, the embodiments described above are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention. In other words, the scope of the invention is indicated by the claims, not by the embodiments. Various modifications made within the scope of the claims and the equivalent scope of the meaning of the invention are considered to be within the scope of this invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0094] As described above, the present invention provides a method for constructing a running surface and a marker rod that can construct a desired running surface while minimizing concrete waste and labor. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0095] Section 1 Section 2 10..Base 10a...Foundation surface 12. Driving surface 14...platform 16. Coping (upper staking) 16a...Concrete frame (lower part) 18...Reinforcement bars 18a...Vertical lines 18b... Horizontal lines 20... Marking stick 20a...Reference position of the marker rod 20b...Reference position of the marker rod 30..Concrete 32... Marker groove 40... Oval Track 50...base 50a...Foundation surface 52.....Running surface 52a...Outer edge 52b... Common marital 54... Platform 56. Coping (upper staking) 56a...Concrete frame (lower setting out) 58...reinforcement bars 58a...Vertical lines 58b... Horizontal lines 60... Marker stick 70...base 70a...Foundation surface 72.....Running surface 74...platform 76a...Concrete frame (upper setting out) 76b...Concrete frame (lower setting out) 78...reinforcement bars 78a...Vertical lines 78b... Horizontal lines 80... Marking stick 80a...Reference position of the marker rod 82. Marking rod positioning member

Claims

1. In a method for constructing running surfaces, which are curved slopes for sections and oval tracks, for skateboards, roller skates, bicycles, motorcycles, and automobiles, A foundation construction process involves constructing the section and the base of the oval track that form the foundation surface that will serve as the base for the running surface, and placing reinforcing bars on the surface of the foundation surface. A step of placing a marker rod on the non-base side of the placed reinforcing bar, such that a rod-shaped marker rod curved to form the desired vertical shape of the running surface is placed so that the reference position of the marker rod, which is the side extending vertically, determines the desired shape of the running surface. After positioning the marker rod, a concrete pouring process is performed in which concrete is poured from above the reinforcing bar up to the reference position of the marker rod, A first leveling step is performed to level the poured concrete so that it aligns with the reference position of the marker rod before it hardens. After the first leveling step, there is a marking rod removal step in which the marking rod is removed, A method for constructing a running surface, characterized by comprising: a finishing leveling step of shaping the desired running surface by leveling the poured concrete from which the marker rods have been removed, before it hardens, so as to fill any marker grooves formed when the marker rods were removed.

2. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step of arranging the marker rods, a plurality of the marker rods are arranged parallel to each other in a direction extending vertically at a predetermined distance from each other.

3. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the marker rod has an upper fixing part for fixing the marker rod to a reference position above the running surface.

4. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper part of the marker rod has an upper fixing part for fixing the marker rod to a reference position above the running surface.

5. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper fixing portion of the marker rod is shaped to be able to be locked to an upper stake that extends along the upper edge of the running surface and serves as a reference position above the running surface.

6. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper fixing portion of the marker rod is shaped to be able to be locked to an upper stake that extends along the upper edge of the running surface and serves as a reference position above the running surface.

7. The method for constructing a running surface according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower part of the marker rod has a lower fixing part for fixing the marker rod to a reference position below the running surface.

8. The method for constructing a running surface according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surface of the marker rod is of a different color from the concrete.

9. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 7, characterized in that the surface of the marker rod is of a different color from the concrete.

10. In the construction of sections for skateboards, roller skates, bicycles, motorcycles, and automobiles, as well as concrete running surfaces that are curved slopes of oval tracks, a marker rod is used for construction. A marker rod characterized by being rod-shaped, curved to take the desired vertical shape of the running surface, and having sides extending vertically as reference positions for the marker rod that define the desired shape of the running surface.

11. The marker rod according to claim 10, characterized in that it has an upper fixing portion at the upper part of the marker rod for fixing the marker rod to a reference position above the running surface.

12. The marker rod according to claim 11, characterized in that the upper fixing portion of the marker rod is shaped to be able to be locked to an upper stake that extends along the upper edge of the running surface and serves as a reference position above the running surface.

13. The marker rod according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the lower part of the marker rod has a lower fixing portion for fixing the marker rod to a reference position below the running surface.

14. The marker rod according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the surface of the marker rod is a color not of the same type as the concrete.

15. The marker rod according to claim 13, characterized in that the surface of the marker rod is a different color from the concrete.

16. In the aforementioned foundation construction process, a plurality of reinforcing bars with different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface are placed on the surface of the foundation. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step of arranging the marker rods, a plurality of marker rods with different degrees of curvature to match the shape of the running surface are arranged in a direction that extends vertically on the non-base side of the reinforcing bar.

17. In the aforementioned foundation construction process, the longitudinal reinforcements of adjacent reinforcing bars are arranged so that the spacing on the outer edge is wider than the spacing on the inner edge, in accordance with the shape of the running surface. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 16, characterized in that, in the step of arranging the marker rods, adjacent marker rods are arranged so that the spacing on the outer edge side is wider than the spacing on the inner edge side, in accordance with the shape of the running surface.

18. The method for constructing a running surface according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the step of arranging the marker rods, the marker rods are arranged using a marker rod positioning member that is erected on the foundation surface and holds the reference position of the marker rods at a desired position.

19. The method for constructing a running surface according to claim 18, characterized in that the marker rod and the marker rod positioning member are removed in the marker rod removal step.

20. A method for constructing a running surface according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first leveling step is performed simultaneously in the concrete pouring step, and the concrete is poured from above the reinforcing bars up to the reference position of the marker rod, while the surface of the poured concrete is leveled so as to be aligned with the reference position of the marker rod.

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