Methods for repairing and reinforcing structures, structures for repairing and reinforcing structures, and members for repairing and reinforcing structures.

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for repairing and reinforcing a structure, a structure for repairing and reinforcing a structure, and a member for repairing and reinforcing a structure that can suppress the peeling of an organic fiber sheet from the structure when the organic fiber sheet burns. [Solution] The repair and reinforcement method is a method for repairing and reinforcing a structure in which an organic fiber sheet is bonded with an adhesive resin, wherein an inorganic fiber sheet containing inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 or less is bonded to the structure, and the organic fiber sheet is bonded onto the inorganic fiber sheet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for repairing and strengthening a structure, a repair and strengthening structure of a structure, and a repair and strengthening member of a structure.

Background Art

[0002] In a conventional repair and strengthening method of adhering an organic fiber sheet to a structure, as a fire prevention measure, measures such as using flame-retardant aramid fibers or a fiber sheet with a large mesh size, making the adhesive resin flame-retardant, or forming a refractory coating on the outer layer are taken.

[0003] However, aramid fibers are expensive, and a fiber sheet with a large mesh size has a small reinforcing effect. Furthermore, when a plain-woven sheet with a small mesh size is used, there is a risk that the sheet will peel off from the structure when it burns.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a peeling prevention method using a resin (polyolefin) fiber sheet as a fiber sheet. In Patent Document 1, the adhesive resin for adhering the fiber sheet to the structure has self-extinguishing properties.

[0005] In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses a peeling prevention sheet in which an organic fiber yarn net and a non-woven fabric are laminated. This peeling prevention sheet is constructed by impregnating and adhering a liquid resin from the surface with the non-woven fabric layer on the structure side. In the peeling prevention sheet, the non-woven fabric is an organic fiber, and by adhesively bonding the non-woven fabric to the surface, the movement of the fiber yarns constituting the net is suppressed to enhance the reinforcing effect.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

[0007] Even if the adhesive resin used to bond the organic fiber sheet to the structure is made self-extinguishing, as described in Patent Document 1, if the organic fiber sheet burns, it is possible that the organic fiber sheet may peel off from the structure.

[0008] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 suggests that because the nonwoven fabric is made of organic fibers, if the organic fiber sheet burns, the nonwoven fabric will also burn, and the organic fiber yarn net and the nonwoven fabric may peel off from the structure together.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for repairing and reinforcing a structure, a structure for repairing and reinforcing a structure, and a member for repairing and reinforcing a structure that can suppress the peeling of an organic fiber sheet from the structure when the organic fiber sheet burns. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The first embodiment of the repair and reinforcement method is a method for repairing and reinforcing a structure by bonding an organic fiber sheet with an adhesive resin, wherein an inorganic fiber sheet containing inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 or less is bonded to the structure, and the organic fiber sheet is bonded on the inorganic fiber sheet.

[0011] In the repair and reinforcement method of the first embodiment, an inorganic fiber sheet is placed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure. This is presumed to produce the following effects. That is, even if the organic fiber sheet burns, the inorganic fiber sheet placed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure allows heat and generated gases to escape. This suppresses the progress of combustion of the organic fiber sheet, or even if combustion progresses, it progresses on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet. Therefore, the adhesion state to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet is maintained on the back side of the organic fiber sheet, and the peeling of the organic fiber sheet from the structure can be suppressed.

[0012] In the repair and reinforcement method of the second embodiment, in the first embodiment, the organic fiber sheet is either a woven or knitted fabric with a mesh opening of 1.0 mm or less, and the organic fiber includes at least one selected from polyolefin, nylon, and polyester.

[0013] In the repair and reinforcement method of the second embodiment, the mesh opening of the organic fiber sheet is 1.0 mm or less, which enhances the reinforcement effect. Furthermore, even if the organic fiber sheet is either a woven or knitted fabric with a mesh opening of 1.0 mm or less, and the organic fibers include at least one selected from polyolefin, nylon, and polyester, the action of the inorganic fiber sheet maintains adhesion to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet on the back side of the organic fiber sheet, thereby suppressing the peeling of the organic fiber sheet from the structure.

[0014] In the repair and reinforcement method of the third embodiment, the inorganic fiber is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of 1 W / mK or more, in the first or second embodiment.

[0015] In the repair and reinforcement method of the third embodiment, since the inorganic fibers are made of a material having a thermal conductivity of 1 W / mK or more, even if the organic fiber sheet burns, the inorganic fiber sheet placed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure effectively dissipates the heat. This suppresses the progression of combustion of the organic fiber sheet, or even if combustion progresses, it progresses on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet. As a result, the adhesion state to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet is maintained on the back side of the organic fiber sheet, and the peeling of the organic fiber sheet from the structure can be suppressed.

[0016] In the repair and reinforcement method of the fourth embodiment, in any one of the first to third embodiments, the inorganic fiber sheet is a nonwoven fabric.

[0017] Nonwoven fabrics offer excellent adhesion to structures due to their good adhesive impregnation properties, and the voids created by the combustion of the adhesive within the nonwoven fabric structure allow generated gases to escape. Therefore, using nonwoven fabric as an inorganic fiber sheet suppresses the combustion of organic sheets and further prevents the organic fiber sheets from peeling off the structure.

[0018] In the fifth embodiment of the repair and reinforcement method, in any one of the first to fourth embodiments, the organic fiber sheet is adhered to the structure for the purpose of preventing detached fragments from falling from the structure.

[0019] Thus, as an organic fiber sheet, it can be adhered to a structure for the purpose of preventing debris from falling off the structure.

[0020] The sixth embodiment of the repair and reinforcement structure is a repair and reinforcement structure for a structure using an organic fiber sheet, wherein the organic fiber sheet is integrated with the structure by an adhesive resin, and an inorganic fiber layer containing inorganic fibers is formed between the structure and the organic fiber sheet.

[0021] In the repair and reinforcement structure of the sixth embodiment, an inorganic fiber layer is placed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure. This is presumed to produce the following effects: Even if the organic fiber sheet burns, the inorganic fiber layer placed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure allows heat and generated gases to escape. This suppresses the progression of combustion of the organic fiber sheet, or, if combustion does progress, it progresses on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet. Therefore, on the back side of the organic fiber sheet, the adhesion to the structure via the inorganic fiber layer is maintained, and the peeling of the organic fiber sheet from the structure can be suppressed.

[0022] In the seventh embodiment of the repair and reinforcement structure, in the sixth embodiment, the inorganic fiber layer is a layer containing short fibers of the inorganic fiber.

[0023] Thus, an inorganic fiber layer can be formed that contains short inorganic fibers.

[0024] The repair and reinforcement member of the eighth aspect is a repair and reinforcement member used for repairing and reinforcing a structure, and includes an organic fiber sheet which is either a woven fabric or a knitted fabric with a mesh opening of 1.0 mm or less, and an inorganic fiber sheet which is laminated and integrated with the surface of the organic fiber sheet facing the structure and contains inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 or less.

[0025] In the repair and reinforcement member of the eighth aspect, the inorganic fiber sheet is disposed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure. It is presumed that the following effects are exerted thereby. That is, even when the organic fiber sheet burns, the inorganic fiber sheet disposed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure releases heat and generated gas. Thereby, the progress of combustion of the organic fiber sheet is suppressed, or even when the combustion of the organic fiber sheet progresses, it progresses on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet. For this reason, on the back side of the organic fiber sheet, the adhesion state to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet is maintained, and the organic fiber sheet can be prevented from peeling off from the structure.

[0026] The repair and reinforcement method of the ninth aspect adheres the repair and reinforcement member of the structure according to claim 8 to the surface of the structure with an adhesive resin so that the inorganic fiber sheet is disposed between the structure and the organic fiber sheet.

[0027] In the repair and reinforcement method of the ninth aspect, the inorganic fiber sheet is disposed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure. It is presumed that the following effects are exerted thereby. That is, even when the organic fiber sheet burns, the inorganic fiber sheet disposed between the organic fiber sheet and the structure releases heat and generated gas. Thereby, the progress of combustion of the organic fiber sheet is suppressed, or even when the combustion of the organic fiber sheet progresses, it progresses on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet. For this reason, on the back side of the organic fiber sheet, the adhesion state to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet is maintained, and the organic fiber sheet can be prevented from peeling off from the structure.

Effects of the Invention

[0028] According to the present invention, when an organic fiber sheet burns, it is possible to suppress the peeling of the organic fiber sheet from the structure. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0029] [Figure 1] This is a cross-sectional view showing a structure that has been repaired and reinforced using the repair and reinforcement method according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] This table shows the test results for the examples and comparative examples. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the shielding layer has been broken in the repair and reinforcement structure according to this embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this specification, a numerical range indicated using "~" means a range that includes the numerical values ​​before and after "~" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively. Furthermore, in numerical ranges described in stages in this specification, the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in stages. Furthermore, in numerical ranges described in this specification, the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the example.

[0031] <Repair and reinforcement methods> The repair and reinforcement method according to this embodiment is a method for performing at least one of the following actions on a structure 11: repair, reinforcement, and spalling prevention. In other words, the repair and reinforcement method is a concept that also includes cases where the purpose is to prevent spalled fragments from falling from the structure 11.

[0032] In the repair and reinforcement method according to this embodiment, the organic fiber sheet 12 is bonded to the structure 11 with an adhesive resin 13. In this embodiment, it was found that by bonding an inorganic fiber sheet 14 containing inorganic fibers to the structure 11, and then bonding the organic fiber sheet 12 on top of the inorganic fiber sheet 14, the peeling of the organic fiber sheet 12 from the structure when the organic fiber sheet 12 burns is suppressed.

[0033] The following describes the structure 11, the organic fiber sheet 12, the adhesive resin 13, and the inorganic fiber sheet 14. Subsequently, the procedure for the repair and reinforcement method, the effects of this embodiment, evaluation tests, and modified examples will be described.

[0034] <Structure 11> Examples of structures 11 (see Figure 1) that are subject to repair, reinforcement, and spalling prevention include concrete structures. Examples of concrete structures include the lining walls of railway and road tunnels.

[0035] Furthermore, concrete structures are not limited to tunnel linings for railways and roads; they may also include buildings, bridges, and bridge piers, as long as they are structures that are subject to repair, reinforcement, and spalling prevention. In addition, structures are not limited to concrete structures; they may also include structures made of mortar, ceramics, metal, and glass, as long as they are structures that are subject to repair, reinforcement, and spalling prevention.

[0036] <Organic fiber sheet 12> The organic fiber sheet 12 is a fiber sheet that is adhered to the surface of the structure 11. By being adhered to the surface of the structure 11, the organic fiber sheet 12 performs at least one of the following functions for the structure 11: repair, reinforcement, and prevention of delamination.

[0037] Furthermore, the organic fiber sheet 12 contains organic fibers. As the organic fibers, at least one resin selected from polyolefins (e.g., polyethylene or polypropylene), nylon, and polyester can be used. Other resins such as aramid and vinylon may also be used as organic fibers. Inorganic fibers such as glass fibers may also be used in combination.

[0038] While nonwoven fabrics using short fibers can also be used for the organic fiber sheet 12, a continuous fiber sheet using continuous fibers is preferable from the viewpoint of strength and detection performance when a crack detection function described later is to be provided. Specifically, the organic fiber sheet 12 can be a UD (Uni Direction) material (i.e., a unidirectional material in which the fibers are aligned in one direction), a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric formed from organic fibers. Examples of woven fabrics include those woven using methods such as plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave. Examples of knitted fabrics include knitted fabrics formed by weft knitting such as plain knit, rib knit, and pearl knit, and knitted fabrics formed by warp knitting such as denbi knit, cord knit, and atlas knit (such as tricot).

[0039] As the organic fiber sheet 12, from the viewpoint of reinforcing effect, either a woven or knitted fabric with a mesh opening of 1.0 mm or less can be suitably used. "Mesh opening" refers to the opening formed by the loops or intersections of the threads that make up the fabric, and for example, in plain weave, it refers to the rectangular opening formed by the intersection of warp and weft threads. The mesh opening is measured, for example, using a digital microscope and image processing software.

[0040] Furthermore, multiple organic fiber sheets 12 may be used in stacked form. When multiple UD materials are stacked, for example, they are stacked so that the direction of the fibers of each sheet is perpendicular to each other. This causes the fibers to align in perpendicular directions, increasing the tensile strength in the perpendicular direction and improving the reinforcing effect of the organic fiber sheets 12.

[0041] Furthermore, the organic fiber sheet 12 may be an organic fiber that has undergone surface treatment or has been treated with additives.

[0042] <Adhesive resin 13> The adhesive resin 13 has the function of bonding the organic fiber sheet 12 to the structure 11. As an example, the adhesive resin 13 can be an epoxy resin or the like.

[0043] The adhesive resin 13 is not limited to epoxy resin; for example, it may be a thermosetting resin other than epoxy resin, such as acrylic resin, and various materials can be used, but a solvent-free, room-temperature curing epoxy resin is preferably used.

[0044] Furthermore, a flame-retardant resin may be used as the adhesive resin 13. An example of a flame-retardant resin is FR-E3P(N) (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical & Material).

[0045] <Inorganic fiber sheet 14> The inorganic fiber sheet 14 is a sheet material placed between the structure 11 and the organic fiber sheet 12. Therefore, in this embodiment, the inorganic fiber sheet 14 and the organic fiber sheet 12 are laminated to the structure 11 in that order. The inorganic fiber sheet 14 is bonded to the surface of the structure 11 with adhesive resin 13.

[0046] The inorganic fiber sheet 14 contains inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 or less. Specifically, the basis weight is 10 to 60 g / m2, preferably 20 to 40 g / m2.

[0047] Inorganic fibers, such as glass fibers, are used. However, the inorganic fibers are not limited to glass fibers; ceramic fibers such as carbon fibers may also be used. The inorganic fiber sheet 14 can be made from a nonwoven fabric containing short inorganic fibers. Nonwoven fabrics manufactured by papermaking are preferable because they can be made thin.

[0048] <Procedure for repair and reinforcement methods> The procedure for the repair and reinforcement method of the structure 11 according to this embodiment is illustrated below, but various modifications, changes, and additions of steps are possible. The repair and reinforcement method, as an example, includes a surface preparation step, a primer application step, an unevenness correction step, an inorganic fiber sheet bonding step, and an organic fiber sheet bonding step.

[0049] <Surface preparation process> In the surface preparation process, the surface of the structure 11 is prepared by removing protrusions, weak layers, deteriorated layers, and any deposits adhering to the surface. The surface preparation process is carried out, for example, using a tool such as a disc grinder. Note that this process is not necessarily required and may be omitted.

[0050] <Primer application process> In the primer application step, primer 20 is applied to the surface of the structure 11. Primer 20 has the function of improving the bonding (adhesion) between the structure 11 and the layer formed on the structure 11. As an example, a resin such as epoxy resin is used for primer 20. However, primer 20 is not limited to epoxy resin; for example, other thermosetting resins may be used, and various materials can be used. Note that this step is not necessarily required and may be omitted.

[0051] <Unevenness correction process> In the surface leveling process, the surface leveling material 30 is applied to the surface of the primer 20. The surface leveling material 30 has the function of smoothing out the irregularities on the surface of the structure 11. As an example, the surface leveling material 30 can be a resin such as epoxy resin. However, the surface leveling material 30 may also be a resin other than epoxy resin, such as a thermosetting resin, and various materials can be used. Note that this process is not necessarily required and may be omitted.

[0052] <Inorganic fiber sheet bonding process> The inorganic fiber sheet bonding process involves bonding an inorganic fiber sheet 14 to the surface of a structure 11 to which a surface leveling material 30 has been applied. In the inorganic fiber sheet bonding process, for example, an adhesive resin 13 is applied as a base coat, the inorganic fiber sheet 14 is attached to the base coat of adhesive resin 13, and the foam is removed. After that, the adhesive resin 13 is applied as a top coat and the foam is removed.

[0053] <Organic fiber sheet bonding process> The organic fiber sheet bonding process involves bonding an organic fiber sheet 12 to the surface of a structure 11 to which an inorganic fiber sheet 14 has been bonded. In the organic fiber sheet bonding process, for example, an adhesive resin 13 is applied as a base coat, the organic fiber sheet 12 is attached to the base coat of adhesive resin 13, and the foam is removed. Then, the adhesive resin 13 is applied as a top coat and the foam is removed. Alternatively, the organic fiber sheet 12 may be attached to the top coat of adhesive resin 13 in the inorganic fiber sheet bonding process without applying a base coat of adhesive resin 13.

[0054] Furthermore, in some cases, a finishing layer may be formed for the purpose of stain resistance or protection of the construction surface, and flame-retardant materials can be used in unevenness correction processes to further enhance flame retardancy.

[0055] By the above repair and reinforcement method, the organic fiber sheet 12 is integrated with the structure 11 by adhesive resin 13, and a repair and reinforcement structure 10 is obtained in which an inorganic fiber layer containing inorganic fibers is formed between the structure 11 and the organic fiber sheet 12. The inorganic fiber layer is a layer containing short inorganic fibers.

[0056] <Effects of this embodiment> In the repair and reinforcement method according to this embodiment, an inorganic fiber sheet 14 containing inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 or less is bonded to the structure 11, and an organic fiber sheet 12 is bonded onto the inorganic fiber sheet 14.

[0057] Therefore, in the repair and reinforcement method according to this embodiment, the inorganic fiber sheet 14 is placed between the organic fiber sheet 12 and the structure 11. This is presumed to produce the following effects.

[0058] In other words, even if the organic fiber sheet 12 burns, the inorganic fiber sheet 14 placed between the organic fiber sheet 12 and the structure 11 releases heat and generated gases. This suppresses the progress of combustion of the organic fiber sheet 12, or, if combustion does progress, it proceeds on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet 12. As a result, the adhesion state to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet 14 is maintained on the back side of the organic fiber sheet 12, and the peeling of the organic fiber sheet 12 from the structure can be suppressed.

[0059] In the repair and reinforcement method of this embodiment, the inorganic fibers of the inorganic fiber sheet 14 can preferably be made of a material having a thermal conductivity of 1 W / mK or higher.

[0060] If the inorganic fibers of the inorganic fiber sheet 14 are made of a material with a thermal conductivity of 1 W / mK or more, even if the organic fiber sheet 12 burns, the inorganic fiber sheet 14 placed between the organic fiber sheet 12 and the structure 11 effectively dissipates heat. This suppresses the progression of combustion of the organic fiber sheet 12, or, if combustion does progress, it progresses on the surface side of the organic fiber sheet 12. Therefore, the adhesion state to the structure via the inorganic fiber sheet 14 is maintained on the back side of the organic fiber sheet 12, and the peeling of the organic fiber sheet 12 from the structure can be suppressed.

[0061] <Evaluation Test> This test evaluated the peeling suppression effect of the organic fiber sheet in the repair and reinforcement method according to this embodiment. Specifically, the examples and comparative examples were evaluated as follows.

[0062] [Materials used] The following materials were used as the adhesive resin 13, organic fiber sheet 12, and inorganic fiber sheet 14. Adhesive resin 13: Flame-retardant resin A: FR-E3P(N) Manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical & Material General-purpose resin A: FR-E3P, manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical & Material. Organic fiber sheet 12: Nylon sheet (plain weave, weight 200g / m²) 2(Eye opening 0.05~0.20mm) Inorganic fiber sheet 14: Glass nonwoven fabric (30g / m2)

[0063] [Examples] A calcium silicate board measuring 600 mm wide x 900 mm long x 12 mm thick was coated with a primer (FP-NS) followed by a surface leveling agent (FE-Z). After curing, an adhesive resin (flame-retardant resin A in Example 1, and general-purpose resin A in Example 2) was applied as a base coat, and a glass nonwoven fabric was pressed onto the adhesive resin-coated surface to adhere it.

[0064] Next, an adhesive resin was applied again to the glass nonwoven fabric, and then a plain-woven nylon sheet was pressed onto it as a fiber sheet to bond it. Finally, an adhesive resin was applied on top of the fiber sheet to create a test specimen.

[0065] [Comparative Example] Test specimens were prepared in the same manner as in the examples, except that the glass nonwoven fabric was not bonded.

[0066] [Test Method] The test was conducted in accordance with NEXCO Test Method 738-2011, "Test Method for Flammability of Tunnel Repair Materials."

[0067] The evaluation was based on whether or not the fiber sheet peeled off and the degree of burning on the adhesive resin surface, as follows, and the overall judgment was expressed as ○ or ×.

[0068] • Peeling prevention: ○_No peeling ×_Peeling Occurs

[0069] • Flame spread: Excellent - Flame spread range (upper edge L) is within 600mm + extinction time is 30s or less ○_Fire spread area upper edge L is 600mm or less + flame extinguishing time 30s or more ×_The upper end L of the fire spread area exceeds 600 mm

[0070] [Evaluation Results] The test results for the examples and comparative examples are shown in the table in Figure 2. In Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed that the peeling of the organic fiber sheet from the structure was suppressed. In addition, in Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed that the surface burning of the adhesive resin was suppressed.

[0071] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications, changes, and improvements are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0072] <Variation> In this embodiment, the inorganic fiber sheet 14 and the organic fiber sheet 12 are bonded to the structure 11, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, a repair and reinforcing member in which the inorganic fiber sheet 14 and the organic fiber sheet 12 are pre-integrated may be used.

[0073] The repair and reinforcement member can be configured, for example, as a member comprising an organic fiber sheet 12 and an inorganic fiber sheet 14 laminated and integrated with the surface of the organic fiber sheet 12 facing the structure 11.

[0074] In the repair and reinforcement method using the repair and reinforcement member, the repair and reinforcement member is bonded to the surface of the structure 11 with adhesive resin 13 such that an inorganic fiber sheet 14 is positioned between the structure 11 and the organic fiber sheet 12.

[0075] <Crack detection structure> The repair and reinforcement structure 10 may also include a structure that enables crack detection in the structure 11. In this case, for example, it may be configured as follows.

[0076] <Organic fiber sheet 12> The organic fiber sheet 12 contains organic fibers (hereinafter referred to as "luminescent fibers") that emit light when irradiated with light (specifically ultraviolet light). As the luminescent fibers, organic fibers containing a luminescent material that emits light when irradiated with light are used.

[0077] As an example of a luminescent material used in luminescent fibers, a phosphorescent material is used that stores irradiated light and emits light even after the light irradiation stops. Examples of phosphorescent materials include phosphorescent pigments using strontium aluminate. The luminescent material may also be a fluorescent material that emits light upon light irradiation and stops emitting light when the light irradiation stops. Any material that emits light upon light irradiation may be an inorganic fluorescent material such as a metal oxide activated with rare earth elements, or an organic fluorescent material such as a fluorescent dye or fluorescent whitening agent.

[0078] Luminescent fibers are formed as thread-like luminescent fibers by spinning a resin containing a luminescent material. Spinning methods include, for example, melt spinning, dry spinning, and wet spinning.

[0079] In melt spinning, the raw materials are melted by heat, extruded through a die to form fibers, and then cooled to solidify. In dry spinning, the raw materials are dissolved in a heat-vaporizing solvent, extruded through a die in a hot atmosphere, and the solvent is evaporated to form fibers. In wet spinning, the raw materials are dissolved in a solvent, extruded through a die in a solution called a solidification bath, undergo a chemical reaction, and then the solvent is removed to form fibers.

[0080] As the luminescent fiber, bundles or twists of spun luminescent fibers may be used. Furthermore, the luminescent fiber may be a spun fiber (a fiber that does not contain luminescent material) that has been surface-treated with a chemical containing luminescent material.

[0081] The organic fiber sheet 12 only needs to contain luminescent fibers; it does not need to be composed entirely of luminescent fibers. In other words, the organic fiber sheet 12 may also contain non-luminescent fibers. For example, a fabric can be used in which one of the warp and weft threads is made of luminescent fibers, and the other of the warp and weft threads is made of non-luminescent fibers. The organic fiber sheet 12 may contain, for example, 5% [vol%] or more of luminescent fibers.

[0082] Examples of light that can cause luminescence on the organic fiber sheet 12 are not limited to ultraviolet light, but may also include blue light (blue visible light), and various other types of light can be used.

[0083] <Adhesive resin 13> The adhesive resin 13 also functions as a shielding layer 50 that blocks light irradiated onto the organic fiber sheet 12. The adhesive resin 13 contains a light-blocking material.

[0084] As a shielding material, any material that can physically or chemically block the light (specifically ultraviolet light) that causes the organic fiber sheet 12 to emit light can be used, and inorganic fillers or absorbers can be used.

[0085] The inorganic filler used as a shielding material is not particularly limited in material or shape as long as it can physically block the light that causes the organic fiber sheet 12 to emit light, but carbon black or titanium oxide is preferably used.

[0086] The absorbent material used as a shielding material is capable of chemically absorbing the light that causes the organic fiber sheet 12 to emit light. If the light that causes the organic fiber sheet 12 to emit light is ultraviolet light, an ultraviolet absorber that absorbs ultraviolet light is used as the shielding material. The ultraviolet absorber may also absorb light of wavelengths other than ultraviolet light. Furthermore, the shielding material may be a combination of the inorganic filler and the absorbent material described above.

[0087] In this case, when a puncture load test is performed on the organic fiber sheet 12 and adhesive resin 13 applied to the structure 11, the adhesive resin 13 breaks before the organic fiber sheet 12. In the puncture load test, a tensile force in the direction along the surface of the structure 11 (hereinafter referred to as the surface direction) and a shear force in the direction normal to the surface are applied to the organic fiber sheet 12 and adhesive resin 13. Therefore, in this embodiment, when a tensile force in the surface direction or a shear force in the direction normal to the surface of the structure 11 is applied to the organic fiber sheet 12 and adhesive resin 13, the adhesive resin 13 breaks before the organic fiber sheet 12.

[0088] Therefore, when a crack occurs in the structure 11 and the surface of the structure 11 spreads in the planar direction, or when a crack occurs in the structure 11 and a shear displacement occurs on the surface of the structure 11, the adhesive resin 13 breaks while the organic fiber sheet 12 is not broken, as shown in Figure 3. Thus, in this embodiment, the adhesive resin 13 breaks when a crack occurs in the structure 11, and the organic fiber sheet 12 is exposed from the broken portion.

[0089] For example, the "Push-out Load Test" described in Annex 17-2, Test Methods for Concrete Surface Coating Methods, of the Standard Specifications for Civil Engineering Works (edited by East Japan Railway Company), Japan Railway Facilities Association (September 2016) can be used.

[0090] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when comparing the tensile elongation (elongation) in the planar direction of the organic fiber sheet 12 and the adhesive resin 13, the tensile elongation (elongation) of the organic fiber sheet 12 is greater than that of the adhesive resin 13. Specifically, the elongation of the organic fiber sheet 12 is, for example, several percent, and the elongation of the adhesive resin 13 is, for example, 3% or less, preferably 0.5% to 3%, and more preferably 0.5% to 2.5% (all elongation at 23°C). Note that this elongation is the elongation at break (i.e., the amount of elongation between gauge points of the tensile test specimen after break divided by the gauge length and expressed as a percentage).

[0091] <Method for detecting cracks in structure 11> In this crack detection method, light (specifically ultraviolet light) is first irradiated onto the shielding layer 50. In the repair and reinforcement structure 10, as described above, when a puncture load test is performed on the organic fiber sheet 12 and the shielding layer 50, the shielding layer 50 ruptures before the organic fiber sheet 12. In other words, in the repair and reinforcement structure 10, when a tensile force in the planar direction or a shear force in the direction normal to the surface of the structure 11 is applied to the organic fiber sheet 12 and the shielding layer 50, the shielding layer 50 ruptures before the organic fiber sheet 12.

[0092] Therefore, if a crack occurs in the structure 11 and the surface of the structure 11 spreads in the planar direction, or if a crack occurs in the structure 11 and shear displacement occurs on the surface of the structure 11, as shown in Figure 3, the shielding layer 50 can be ruptured and the organic fiber sheet 12 exposed, even if the organic fiber sheet 12 is not ruptured.

[0093] In other words, the repair and reinforcement structure 10 is configured such that when a crack occurs in the structure 11, the shielding layer 50 ruptures, and the organic fiber sheet 12 is exposed from the ruptured portion. As a result, when light is shone toward the shielding layer 50, the exposed organic fiber sheet 12 emits light. In each figure, including Figure 2, the light shone toward the shielding layer 50 is indicated by the symbol L1, and the light emitted by the organic fiber sheet 12 is indicated by the symbol L2.

[0094] Next, the light emission from the organic fiber sheet 12 is detected to detect cracks that have occurred in the structure 11. The light emission may be detected visually or using a camera.

[0095] Furthermore, the concept of crack formation includes both cases where a crack arises from a state where no cracks exist, and cases where an existing crack propagates. Therefore, a crack occurring in structure 11 is a concept that includes both a crack that occurs in structure 11 when it was previously crack-free, and a crack that arises from the propagation of an existing crack. In addition, the modes of crack formation include not only cases where an opening occurs in the planar direction, but also cases where a step occurs in the shear direction.

[0096] In this embodiment, cracks occurring in the structure 11 are detected by detecting the light emission of the organic fiber sheet 12, as described above. However, if a nonwoven fabric is used as the inorganic fiber sheet 14, the fibers are more mobile than continuous fibers, so when a crack occurs in the structure 11, force is applied to the shielding layer 50, making it more prone to breakage. Therefore, by using a nonwoven fabric as the inorganic fiber sheet 14, the detection sensitivity can be improved. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0097] 10 Repair and reinforcement structure 11 Structures 12 Organic fiber sheets 13 Adhesive resin 14. Inorganic fiber sheet 20 Primers 30 Unevenness correction material 50 shielding layer

Claims

1. In a method for repairing and reinforcing structures by bonding organic fiber sheets with adhesive resin, An inorganic fiber sheet containing inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m² or less is bonded to the structure, and the organic fiber sheet is bonded onto the inorganic fiber sheet. Methods for repairing and reinforcing structures.

2. The organic fiber sheet is either a woven or knitted fabric with a mesh opening of 1.0 mm or less, and the organic fiber contains at least one selected from polyolefin, nylon, and polyester. A method for repairing and reinforcing a structure according to claim 1.

3. The inorganic fiber is made of a material having a thermal conductivity of 1 W / mK or higher. A method for repairing and reinforcing a structure according to claim 1.

4. The inorganic fiber sheet is a nonwoven fabric. A method for repairing and reinforcing a structure according to claim 1.

5. The organic fiber sheet is adhered to the structure for the purpose of preventing detached fragments from falling from the structure. A method for repairing and reinforcing a structure according to claim 1.

6. A repair and reinforcement structure for structures using organic fiber sheets, The organic fiber sheet is integrated with the structure by an adhesive resin. An inorganic fiber layer containing inorganic fibers is formed between the structure and the organic fiber sheet. Repair and reinforcement structures for buildings.

7. The inorganic fiber layer is a layer containing short fibers of the inorganic fiber. The repair and reinforcement structure for a structure according to claim 6.

8. A repair and reinforcement member used for repairing and reinforcing structures, An organic fiber sheet which is either a woven or knitted fabric with a mesh opening of 1.0 mm or less, An inorganic fiber sheet containing inorganic fibers with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 or less, which is laminated and integrated with the surface of the organic fiber sheet facing the structure, A repair and reinforcing member for a structure that includes [a specific feature / feature].

9. The repair and reinforcing member for the structure according to claim 8 is bonded to the surface of the structure with an adhesive resin such that the inorganic fiber sheet is positioned between the structure and the organic fiber sheet. Methods for repairing and reinforcing structures.

Images