Energy storage systems

Abstract

To provide an energy storage system with an expandable structure. [Solution] An energy storage system according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a control container configured to be connected to an external power conversion system (PCS) and an external electrical system, and a battery container comprising one or more battery racks, configured to be connected to the control container.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0008140 filed on January 19, 2022, and all the contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated into this application.

[0002] The present invention relates to an energy storage system.

Background Art

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid growth in demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, mobile phones, etc., and the full-scale development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, etc., research on high-performance batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged has been actively conducted.

[0004] Currently, commercially available batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among them, lithium batteries have attracted attention for their advantages of being able to charge and discharge freely because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, a very low self-discharge rate, and a high energy density.

[0005] An energy storage system using such a battery can be a device that stores a large amount of electric power and provides the stored electric power to a plurality of load facilities. For example, an energy storage system is used in the form of an industrial, building, or household energy management system, and provides the stored electric power from each usage destination to load facilities and is used as a normal power grid and / or an emergency power grid at all times.

[0006] Conventional energy storage systems are composed of containers, and each container includes a plurality of battery racks, switchboards, etc. That is, a container of a size that can include all the components of an energy storage system is required.

[0007] Furthermore, when multiple energy storage systems are deployed, each energy storage system consists of an independent container, which presents the problem of having to control each container-based energy storage system separately. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems and aims to provide an energy storage system with an integrated control management capability and an expandable structure.

[0009] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood from the following description and will be more clearly evident from the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] An energy storage system according to one aspect of the present invention may include a control container configured to be connected to an external power conversion system (PCS) and an external electrical system, and a battery container comprising one or more battery racks, configured to be connected to the control container.

[0011] The control container may include a DC section configured to receive DC power from the power conversion system (PCS) via a DC line, an AC section configured to receive AC power from the electrical system via an AC line, and a main control section connected to the AC section, receiving power from the electrical system via the AC line, and communicating with the power conversion system (PCS).

[0012] The DC unit may further include a main switch, one end of which is connected to the power conversion system (PCS) and configured to be located in the DC line between the control container and the battery container, and a fuse, the other end of which is connected to the main switch and configured to be located in the DC line.

[0013] The number of fuses in the DC section may correspond to the number of battery containers.

[0014] The fuse may be configured to be detachably attached to the DC section.

[0015] The DC unit may further include an insulation measuring unit connected to the DC line and configured to measure the insulation resistance of the DC line, and a surge protection unit connected to the DC line and configured to prevent surge current from flowing through the DC line.

[0016] The AC unit may include a first switch configured such that one end is connected to the electrical system; an uninterruptible power supply unit configured such that one end is connected to the other end of the first switch; a second switch configured such that one end is connected to the other end of the uninterruptible power supply unit; and a third switch configured such that one end is connected between the electrical system and one end of the first switch, and the other end is connected to the other end of the second switch.

[0017] The battery container may be configured to be directly connected to the AC unit via the AC line and connected in parallel to the DC line.

[0018] The main control unit may include a battery system controller (BSC), a master controller connected to the battery system controller (BSC) via a first communication line, and a bank battery management system (BBMS) connected to the battery system controller (BSC) via a second communication line.

[0019] The battery container may include one or more battery racks configured to be connected to the DC unit and receive the DC power supply via the DC line, and a sub-control unit connected to the AC unit and receiving power supply from the electrical system via the AC line, and connected to the main control unit so as to be able to communicate with the first communication line and the second communication line.

[0020] The sub-control unit may include a slave controller connected to the master controller via a first communication line, and a rack battery management system (RBMS) configured to monitor information on the corresponding battery rack and connected to the bank battery management system (BBMS) via a second communication line.

[0021] The master controller may be configured to be directly connected to each of the multiple slave controllers contained in the multiple battery containers via the first communication line when multiple battery containers are deployed.

[0022] When there are a plurality of the battery containers, the bank battery management system (BBMS) may be configured to be connected in series with each other in a daisy chain manner to a plurality of rack battery management systems (RBMS) included in the plurality of battery containers via the second communication line.

[0023] The water injection container may further be included, which is connected to the AC unit to receive power supply from the electrical system via the AC line, connected to the master controller via the third communication line, and configured to be connected to each of the battery racks via a pipeline.

[0024] When receiving a water injection command from the master controller, the water injection container may be configured to discharge the internal fire extinguishing liquid to the pipeline.

[0025] The battery container may include a sub-switch configured such that one end is connected to the DC line and the other end is connected to the one or more battery racks.

Advantages of the Invention

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention, it becomes possible to provide an energy storage system in which integrated management and expansion of a battery container are easy to perform.

[0027] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

[0028] The following drawings attached to this specification are for the purpose of further understanding the technical idea of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention to be described later, and thus the present invention is not to be construed as being limited only to the matters described in the drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] [Figure 1]This diagram schematically illustrates an energy storage system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This diagram schematically shows an exemplary configuration of a control container according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This figure schematically shows an exemplary configuration of a control container and a battery container according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] This figure schematically shows other exemplary configurations of a control container and a battery container according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] This diagram schematically shows an exemplary configuration of an energy storage system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] The terms and words used in this specification and in the claims are not to be interpreted in their usual or dictionary sense, but rather in a sense and concept that corresponds to the technical idea of ​​the present invention, in accordance with the principle that the inventor himself can appropriately define the concept of a term in order to best describe the invention.

[0031] Therefore, the embodiments described herein and the configurations shown in the drawings represent only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical concept of the invention. It should be understood that there are various equivalents and modifications that can be substituted for these at the time of filing this application.

[0032] Furthermore, in explaining the present invention, if it is deemed that a specific explanation of known technologies related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, such detailed explanation will be omitted.

[0033] Phrases containing ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish one of the various constituent elements from the others, and these phrases do not limit the constituent elements.

[0034] When a part of the specification is said to "include" a certain component, unless otherwise specified, this means that it may include other components rather than excluding them.

[0035] Incidentally, when we say that one part of the specification is "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where they are "directly connected," but also cases where they are "indirectly connected" with other elements in between.

[0036] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a control container 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] An energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a control container 100 configured to be connected to an external PCS (Power conversion system) 20 and an external electrical system 30, and a battery container 200 comprising one or more battery racks 210 and configured to be connected to the control container 100.

[0039] For example, the energy storage system 10 may be written as DC-LINK. The control container 100 may be written as E-LINK, and the battery container 200 may be written as B-LINK.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1, the control container 100 may include a DC unit 110, an AC unit 120, and a main control unit 130.

[0041] The DC unit 110 may be configured to receive DC power from the PCS 20 via the DC line DCL.

[0042] Specifically, the DC unit 110 can be electrically connected to the PCS 20 via the DC line DCL. The DC unit 110 can then receive a DC power supply from the PCS 20 via the DC line DCL. For example, the PCS 20 can convert the alternating current flowing in from the electrical system 30 into a direct current and output the converted direct current to the DC unit 110 as a DC power supply.

[0043] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the DC unit 110 can be electrically connected to the PCS 20 via the DC line DCL.

[0044] The AC unit 120 may be configured to receive AC power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL.

[0045] Specifically, the AC unit 120 can be electrically connected to the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL. The AC unit 120 can then receive AC power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL. For example, AC power can be supplied to components included in the control container 100, such as the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HAVC), lighting, and fire suppression system (FSS).

[0046] The main control unit 130 may be connected to the AC unit 120 and configured to receive power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL. The main control unit 130 may also be connected to the PCS 20 in a communicative manner.

[0047] Specifically, the main control unit 130 can monitor and control the status of the control container 100 and the battery container 200. The main control unit 130 is connected to the AC line ACL and can receive AC power from the electrical system 30. In other words, since the control container 100 does not have a separate power supply, the main control unit 130 can receive AC power from the AC unit 120.

[0048] Preferably, the main control unit 130 may include a power supply unit 134. Here, the power supply unit 134 may be an SMPS, which is a unit that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). The power supply unit 134 may be directly connected to the AC unit 120 via an AC line ACL. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the power supply unit 134 is connected to the AC line ACL and can convert AC power to DC power. The power supply unit 134 can then supply the converted DC power to the master controller 132 and the BBMS 133.

[0049] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the main control unit 130 may be connected to the AC unit 120 via the AC line ACL. The main control unit 130 may then receive AC power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL.

[0050] An energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a control container 100 and a battery container 200, respectively.

[0051] Therefore, because the control container 100 and the battery container 200 are independent, the energy storage system 10 has the advantage of being easy to install. For example, since the energy storage system 10 can be configured simply by connecting the communication line and power line between the control container 100 and the battery container 200, the spatial constraints of the energy storage system 10 can be reduced.

[0052] Furthermore, the energy storage system 10 has the advantage that the battery containers 200 can be easily expanded. In other words, since multiple battery containers 200 can be easily connected to one control container 100, the capacity of the energy storage system 10 can be easily expanded.

[0053] Referring to Figure 2, the DC section 110 may include a main switch 111 and a fuse 112.

[0054] The main switch 111 may be configured such that one end is connected to the PCS 20 and it is located on the DC line DCL between the control container 100 and the battery container 200.

[0055] Specifically, the main switch 111 may be located above the DC line DCL. One end of the main switch 111 may be connected to the PCS 20.

[0056] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the main switch 111 is located on the DC line DCL, and one end of the main switch 111 may be connected to the PCS 20.

[0057] The fuse 112 may be connected to the other end of the main switch 111 and configured to be located on the DC line DCL.

[0058] Specifically, fuse 112 may be located above the DC line DCL. One end of fuse 112 may be connected to the other end of the main switch 111. That is, PCS 20, main switch 111, and fuse 112 may be connected in series above the DC line DCL.

[0059] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the fuse 112 is located on the DC line DCL, and one end of the fuse 112 may be connected to the other end of the main switch 111.

[0060] On the other hand, the fuses 112 may be included in the DC section 110 in a number corresponding to the number of battery containers.

[0061] For example, fuse 112 may be included in the DC section 110 to interrupt the short-circuit current in the event of a short-circuit fault. However, since the capacity of fuse 112 is predetermined, if a battery container 200 is further connected to the control container 100, there is a problem that the pre-installed fuse 112 alone will not be able to interrupt the short-circuit current of the energy storage system 10.

[0062] Therefore, in order to effectively interrupt the short-circuit current, the number of fuses 112 in the DC section 110 may correspond to the number of battery containers 200. For this purpose, the fuses 112 may be configured to be removable in the DC section 110. That is, the fuses 112 may be configured to be removable in the DC section 110 so that the number of fuses 112 in the DC section 110 corresponds to the number of battery containers 200 connected to the control container 100.

[0063] Furthermore, if the DC section 110 includes multiple fuses 112, these fuses 112 can be connected in parallel. That is, by connecting multiple fuses 112 in parallel, it is possible to increase the amount of short-circuit current that can be interrupted.

[0064] Referring to Figure 2, the DC section 110 may further include an insulation measurement unit 113 and a surge protection unit 114.

[0065] The insulation measurement unit 113 may be connected to the DC line DCL and configured to measure the insulation resistance of the DC line DCL. The surge protection unit 114 may be connected to the DC line DCL and configured to prevent surge currents from flowing through the DC line DCL.

[0066] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, an insulation measurement unit 113 and a surge protection unit 114 may be connected to the DC line DCL between the PCS 20 and the main switch 111.

[0067] The insulation measurement unit 113 can monitor ground faults in the DC line DCL and detect the insulation resistance of the battery racks 210 contained in the battery container 200. For example, the insulation measurement unit 113 may be an insulation monitoring device (IMD).

[0068] The surge protection unit 114 can protect the control container 100 and the battery container 200 from surge currents caused by lightning strikes. For example, the surge protection unit 114 may be a surge protect device (SPD).

[0069] Referring to Figure 2, the AC unit 120 may include a first switch 121, an uninterruptible power supply unit 122, a second switch 123, and a third switch 124.

[0070] The first switch 121 may be configured such that one end is connected to the electrical system 30.

[0071] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the first switch 121 may be located above the AC line ACL. One end of the first switch 121 may be connected to the electrical system 30.

[0072] The uninterruptible power supply unit 122 may be configured such that one end is connected to the other end of the first switch 121.

[0073] Specifically, the uninterruptible power supply unit 122 may be an uninterruptible power supply system (UPS).

[0074] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the uninterruptible power supply unit 122 may be located above the AC line ACL. One end of the uninterruptible power supply unit 122 may be connected to the other end of the first switch 121.

[0075] The second switch 123 may be configured such that one end is connected to the other end of the uninterruptible power supply unit 122.

[0076] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the second switch 123 may be located above the AC line ACL. One end of the second switch 123 may be connected to the other end of the uninterruptible power supply unit 122. That is, the first switch 121, the uninterruptible power supply unit 122, and the second switch 123 may be connected in series above the AC line ACL.

[0077] The third switch 124 may be configured such that one end is connected between the electrical system 30 and one end of the first switch 121, and the other end is connected to the other end of the second switch 123.

[0078] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the third switch 124 may be connected in parallel with the first switch 121, the uninterruptible power supply unit 122, and the second switch 123. Specifically, one end of the third switch 124 may be connected to the AC line ACL between the electrical system 30 and one end of the first switch 121. The other end of the third switch 124 may be connected to the AC line ACL connected to the other end of the second switch 123.

[0079] The main control unit 130 may include a BSC 131 (Battery system controller), a master controller 132, and a BBMS 133 (Bank battery management system).

[0080] BSC 131 is the top-level controller and can be connected to communicate with the master controller 132 and BBMS 133.

[0081] Furthermore, BSC 131 may be configured to connect to PCS 20 via a first communication line CL1. For example, the first communication line CL1 may be a communication line applied to a first communication protocol. Specifically, the first communication line CL1 may be a communication line for Modbus TCP / IP communication.

[0082] The master controller 132 can be connected to the BSC 131 so as to be able to communicate with it via the first communication line CL1.

[0083] Here, the master controller 132 is a programmable logic controller (PLC) included in E-LINK, and can be written as E-PLC. That is, the master controller 132 is connected to and can control components included in the control container 100, such as the HVAC, uninterruptible power supply unit 122, door sensor, fuse 112, switch, switching power supply (SMPS), FSS, surge protection unit 114, and insulation measurement unit 113. The master controller 132 can then transmit information from the control container 100 obtained from these components to the BSC 131 via the first communication line CL1. That is, the BSC 131 can receive information from the control container 100 obtained by the master controller 132 via the first communication line CL1. The BSC 131 can then control the master controller 132 to control each component included in the control container 100 based on the information from the control container 100.

[0084] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the master controller 132 may be connected to the BSC 131 so as to be able to communicate with it via the first communication line CL1. That is, the PCS 20, the BSC 131, and the master controller 132 may be connected to each other via the first communication line CL1.

[0085] BBMS 133 can be connected to BSC 131 so as to be able to communicate with it via a second communication line CL2.

[0086] For example, the second communication line CL2 could be a communication line applied to a second communication protocol. Specifically, the second communication line CL2 could be a communication line for Controller Area Network (CAN) communication.

[0087] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the BBMS 133 may be connected to the BSC 131 via a second communication line CL2 to enable communication. That is, the BSC 131 may be connected to the master controller 132 and the BBMS 133 via different communication lines. Therefore, even if one of the communication lines fails, the BSC 131 can continue to communicate via the remaining communication lines.

[0088] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of a control container 100 and a battery container 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] The battery container 200 may include one or more battery racks 210 and sub-control units 220.

[0090] One or more battery racks 210 may be connected to the DC unit 110 and configured to receive DC power via the DC line DCL.

[0091] Specifically, the battery container 200 may include one or more battery racks 210. Each battery rack 210 may include one or more battery modules. Each battery rack 210 may be connected to a DC line DCL. That is, each battery module contained in each battery rack 210 may receive DC power via the DC line DCL. For example, during the charging process of a battery rack 210, each battery module contained in the battery rack 210 may receive DC power via the DC line DCL.

[0092] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the battery rack 210 can be connected in parallel to the DC line DCL. Since a fuse 112 is connected to such a DC line DCL, it is possible to interrupt short-circuit current. In addition, the insulation measurement unit 113 diagnoses ground faults and insulation of the DC line DCL, and the surge protection unit 114 can prevent surge current from flowing. Therefore, the battery modules included in the battery rack 210 can be safely protected by the DC unit 110.

[0093] The sub-control unit 220 is connected to the AC unit 120 and receives power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL, and can be connected to the main control unit 130 via the first communication line CL1 and the second communication line CL2 to enable communication.

[0094] Specifically, the sub-control unit 220 can monitor and control the state of the battery container 200. The sub-control unit 220 is connected to the AC line ACL and can receive AC power from the electrical system 30. In other words, since the battery container 200 does not have a separate power supply, the sub-control unit 220 can receive AC power from the AC unit 120.

[0095] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the sub-control unit 220 may be connected to the AC unit 120 via the AC line ACL. The sub-control unit 220 may then receive AC power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL. Here, the main control unit 130 and the sub-control unit 220 may be connected in parallel to the AC unit 120.

[0096] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the sub-control unit 220 can be connected to the main control unit 130 so as to be able to communicate via the first communication line CL1 and the second communication line CL2.

[0097] In other words, the control container 100 and the battery container 200 can be electrically connected via a DC line DCL and an AC line ACL, and can be connected to communicate via a first communication line CL1 and a second communication line CL2.

[0098] Therefore, the energy storage system 10 is easily expandable by the battery containers 200. That is, multiple battery containers 200 can be connected to the control container 100 based on connections to the DC line DCL, AC line ACL, first communication line CL1, and second communication line CL2. Thus, according to one embodiment of the present invention, there is an advantage that the capacity of the energy storage system 10 can be easily expanded.

[0099] The sub-control unit 220 may include a slave controller 221 and an RBMS 222 (Rack battery management system).

[0100] The slave controller 221 can be connected to the master controller 132 via the first communication line CL1 to enable communication.

[0101] Here, the slave controller 221 is a PLC included in B-LINK and can be written as B-PLC. That is, the slave controller 221 is connected to and can control components included in the battery container 200, such as the HVAC, uninterruptible power supply unit 122, door sensor, gas sensor, smoke sensor, switch, SMPS, damper, fan, and FSS. The slave controller 221 can transmit information about the battery container 200 obtained from these components to the master controller 132 via the first communication line CL1. The BSC 131 can receive information about the battery container 200 obtained by the master controller 132 via the first communication line CL1. That is, the BSC 131, master controller 132, and slave controller 221 can be connected to each other via the first communication line CL1. The BSC 131 can control the slave controller 221 to control each component included in the battery container 200 based on the information about the battery container 200.

[0102] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the slave controller 221 may be connected to the master controller 132 via a first communication line CL1 so as to be able to communicate with it. That is, the BSC 131, the master controller 132, and the slave controller 221 may be connected to each other via the first communication line CL1.

[0103] The RBMS 222 is configured to monitor information from the corresponding battery rack 210 and can be connected to communicate with the BBMS 133 via a second communication line CL2.

[0104] Specifically, the battery container 200 may contain one or more battery racks 210. Each battery rack 210 may contain one or more battery modules. The status of such battery modules can be monitored by a Module Battery Management System (MBMS). One or more MBMSs may be connected to a corresponding RBMS 222 via a second communication line CL2. That is, the RBMS 222 can monitor the status of the battery racks 210 and the status of the battery modules contained within them.

[0105] Furthermore, the RBMS 222 can be connected to the BBMS 133. That is, the BBMS 133 included in the control container 100 can be connected to the RBMS 222 included in the battery container 200 using a second communication line CL2. The BBMS 133 can then receive information about the corresponding battery rack 210 from one or more RBMS 222s included in the battery container 200.

[0106] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the battery container 200 may include two RBMS 222. The RBMS 222 may be connected to the BBMS 133 via a second communication line CL2. The RBMS 222 may also be connected to the RBMS 222 via a second communication line CL2. That is, the BSC 131 and BBMS 133 included in the control container 100 may be connected to the RBMS 222 included in the battery container 200 via the second communication line CL2 so as to be able to communicate with it.

[0107] An energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a BSC 131, a first communication line CL1 connecting a master controller 132 and a slave controller 221, and a second communication line CL2 connecting the BSC 131, BBMS 133, and RBMS 222. Therefore, even if a failure occurs in any one of the communication lines, communication can continue through the remaining communication lines.

[0108] For example, even if a malfunction occurs in the first communication line CL1 and communication between the master controller 132 and the slave controller 221 is not performed properly, the BBMS 133 can still receive information about the battery rack 210 from the RBMS 222 via the second communication line CL2. Therefore, the energy storage system 10 has the advantage of being able to construct independent communication paths via different communication lines, taking into account the target and purpose of communication. Consequently, stable communication can be achieved in the energy storage system 10.

[0109] The battery container 200 may further include a sub-switch 230.

[0110] Specifically, the sub-switch 230 may be configured such that one end is connected to the DC line DCL and the other end is connected to one or more battery racks 210.

[0111] The slave controller 221 may be configured to control the operating state of the sub-switch 230. Specifically, the slave controller 221 may, if necessary, control the operating state of the sub-switch 230 to a turn-off state to disconnect the connection between the DC line DCL and the battery rack 210. For example, if the door of the battery container 200 is open or a fire breaks out in the battery container 200, the slave controller 221 may control the operating state of the sub-switch 230 to a turn-off state.

[0112] For example, if the electrical connection between the DC line DCL and all battery containers 200 must be severed, the master controller 132 can control the operating state of the main switch 111 to the turn-off state. The slave controller 221 can then control the operating state of the sub-switch 230 to the turn-off state. In this case, by controlling the operating states of both the main switch 111 and the sub-switch 230 to the turn-off state, it becomes possible to completely sever the electrical connection between the DC line DCL and the battery racks 210.

[0113] For example, if the connection between the DC line DCL and the target battery container 200 needs to be disconnected, the master controller 132 may control the operating state of the main switch 111 to the turned-on state. The slave controller 221 included in the target battery container 200 may then control the operating state of the corresponding sub-switch 230 to the turned-off state. In this case, DC power can be supplied to the remaining battery containers 200, excluding the target battery container 200.

[0114] An energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that the electrical connection between the battery container 200 and the DC line DCL can be controlled via a main switch 111 and a sub-switch 230. In particular, since the electrical connection between each of the battery containers 200 and the DC line DCL can be controlled, it has the advantage that maintenance and expansion of the battery containers 200 can be easily performed.

[0115] Figure 4 schematically shows another exemplary configuration of the control container 100 and battery container 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] The battery container 200 may be configured to be directly connected to the AC unit 120 via the AC line ACL and connected in parallel to the DC line DCL.

[0117] The sub-control unit 220 of the battery container 200 may include a power supply unit 223, where the power supply unit 223 may be an SMPS. The power supply unit 223 may be directly connected to the AC unit 120 via the AC line ACL. For example, in the embodiment of Figure 4, multiple battery containers 200 may be directly connected to the AC unit 120 via the AC line ACL. The power supply unit 223 can then convert the AC power to DC power and supply the converted DC power to the slave controller 221 and RBMS 222.

[0118] Furthermore, one end of the sub-switch 230 of the battery container 200 may be connected to the DC line DCL, and the other end of the sub-switch 230 may be connected to the battery rack 210. In other words, multiple battery containers 200 may be connected in parallel to the DC line DCL. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, multiple battery containers 200 may be connected in parallel to the DC line DCL via the sub-switch 230.

[0119] If multiple battery containers 200 are deployed, the master controller 132 may be configured to be directly connected to each of the multiple slave controllers 221 contained in the multiple battery containers 200 via the first communication line CL1.

[0120] Specifically, the master controller 132 may be configured to be directly connected to each of the multiple slave controllers 221 via the first communication line CL1. For example, the master controller 132 may be configured to be directly connected to each of the multiple slave controllers 221 via the first communication line CL1 in a home run configuration.

[0121] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the master controller 132 may be directly connected to the slave controller 221 contained in the battery container 200 via the first communication line CL1. In other words, the communication structure between the master controller 132 and the slave controller 221 may not affect the communication structure between the master controller 132 and the slave controller 221.

[0122] If there are multiple battery containers 200, the BBMS 133 may be configured to connect to multiple RBMS 222 contained in the multiple battery containers 200 via a second communication line CL2.

[0123] Specifically, the BBMS 133 may be configured to be connected in series with multiple RBMS 222 via a second communication line CL2. The BBMS 133 may be configured to be connected in series with multiple RBMS 222 via a second communication line CL2 in a daisy-chain configuration.

[0124] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the BSC 131, BBMS 133, and RBMS 222 can be connected in a daisy-chain configuration via a second communication line CL2.

[0125] An energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of improving the stability of each communication path by providing independence to the communication path along the first communication line CL1 and the communication path along the second communication line CL2.

[0126] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of an energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] Referring to Figure 5, the energy storage system 10 may further include a water-filling container 300.

[0128] Specifically, the water injection container 300 may include a water injection device capable of dispensing fire extinguishing liquid into the battery container 200 if a fire occurs in the battery container 200. The water injection container 300 may be referred to as a water injection unit (WIU).

[0129] The water supply container 300 may be connected to the AC unit 120 and configured to receive power from the electrical system 30 via the AC line ACL.

[0130] For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the water supply container 300 can be electrically connected to the AC unit 120 via the AC line ACL. The water supply container 300 can then receive AC power via the AC line ACL.

[0131] The water supply container 300 may be configured to be connected to the master controller 132 via a third communication line CL3.

[0132] For example, the water injection container 300 may include a control unit and a water injection unit. The control unit can control the water injection unit so that fire extinguishing liquid is dispensed when it receives a water injection command from the master controller 132.

[0133] The water injection container 300 may be configured to be connected to each of the battery racks 210 via pipeline PL. The water injection container 300 may also be configured to release the fire extinguishing fluid inside into pipeline PL upon receiving a water injection command from the master controller 132.

[0134] Furthermore, the water injection unit may be connected to the RBMS 222 contained in the battery container 200 via a pipeline PL. Specifically, the water injection unit may be connected to each battery module contained in the RBMS 222 via a pipeline PL. Here, the pipeline PL may be equipped with a destructible valve. For example, the valve may be configured to be destructible depending on the temperature of the connected battery rack 210 or battery module.

[0135] For example, if a fire breaks out in battery container 200, the control unit may receive a water injection command. The control unit may control the water injection unit to dispense fire extinguishing fluid into pipeline PL. In this case, since the valve in pipeline PL corresponding to the battery module where the fire occurred should be damaged, the fire extinguishing fluid can flow into the battery module through pipeline PL.

[0136] In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the master controller 132 may be connected to communicate with the water supply container 300 via a third communication line CL3. For example, the third communication line CL3 may be a communication line applied to a third communication protocol. Specifically, the third communication line CL3 may be a communication line for Modbus RTU communication.

[0137] An energy storage system 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention has the advantage of ensuring communication stability for each communication path by constructing independent communication paths using the first communication line CL1, the second communication line CL2, and the third communication line CL3.

[0138] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various modifications and variations can be made by persons with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, within the equivalent scope of the technical concept and claims of the present invention.

[0139] Furthermore, the present invention described above can be modified and altered in various ways by a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the technical spirit of the invention. Therefore, it is not limited by the embodiments described above and the accompanying drawings, but rather can be constructed by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment for various modifications. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0140] 10 Energy storage systems 20 PCS 30 Electrical Systems 100 control containers 110 DC section 111 Main Switch 112 fuses 113 Insulation Measurement Unit 114 Surge Protection Unit 120 AC section 121 First switch 122 Uninterruptible Power Supply Unit 123 Second switch 124 The third switch 130 Main Control Unit 131 BSC 132 Master Controller 133 BBMS 134 Power supply unit 200 Battery Containers 210 Battery Rack 220 Sub-control unit 221 Slave Controller 222 RBMS 223 Power supply unit 230 Subswitch 300 water containers

Claims

1. An energy storage system comprising an external power conversion system (PCS) and a control container configured to be connected to an external electrical system, and a battery container comprising one or more battery racks, configured to be connected to the control container, The control container is A DC unit configured to receive DC power from the power conversion system (PCS) via a DC line, An AC unit configured to receive AC power from the electrical system via an AC line, A main control unit is connected to the AC unit and receives power from the electrical system via the AC line, and is connected to the power conversion system (PCS) in a manner that enables communication with it. Energy storage systems, including those mentioned above.

2. The DC section is A main switch is configured such that one end is connected to the power conversion system (PCS) and it is located on the DC line between the control container and the battery container, A fuse connected to the other end of the main switch and configured to be located on the DC line, The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The aforementioned fuse is The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the DC unit is included in a number corresponding to the number of battery containers.

4. The aforementioned fuse is The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein the DC unit is detachably configured to be attached to or removed from the aforementioned DC unit.

5. The DC section is An insulation measuring unit connected to the DC line and configured to measure the insulation resistance of the DC line, A surge protection unit connected to the DC line and configured to prevent surge current from flowing through the DC line, The energy storage system according to claim 2, further comprising:

6. The AC section is, A first switch configured such that one end is connected to the electrical system, An uninterruptible power supply unit configured such that one end is connected to the other end of the first switch, A second switch configured such that one end is connected to the other end of the uninterruptible power supply unit, A third switch is configured such that one end is connected between the electrical system and one end of the first switch, and the other end is connected to the other end of the second switch, The energy storage system according to claim 1, including the following:

7. The aforementioned battery container is The energy storage system according to claim 1, configured to be directly connected to the AC unit via the AC line and connected in parallel to the DC line.

8. The main control unit, Battery system controller (BSC), A master controller connected to the aforementioned battery system controller (BSC) so as to be able to communicate via a first communication line, A Bank Battery Management System (BBMS) is connected to the Battery System Controller (BSC) so as to be able to communicate with it via a second communication line, The energy storage system according to claim 1, including the following:

9. The aforementioned battery container is One or more battery racks connected to the DC unit and configured to receive the DC power supply via the DC line, A sub-control unit is connected to the AC unit and receives power from the electrical system via the AC line, and is connected to the main control unit via the first communication line and the second communication line so as to be able to communicate with the main control unit, The energy storage system according to claim 8, including the following:

10. The sub-control unit is, A slave controller connected to the master controller via the first communication line, A rack battery management system (RBMS) is configured to monitor information of the corresponding battery rack and is connected to the bank battery management system (BBMS) via the second communication line, The energy storage system according to claim 9, including the following:

11. The aforementioned master controller is The energy storage system according to claim 10, wherein, when multiple battery containers are deployed, they are configured to be directly connected to each of the multiple slave controllers contained in the multiple battery containers via the first communication line.

12. The aforementioned bank battery management system (BBMS) is: The energy storage system according to claim 10, wherein, if there are multiple battery containers, the system is configured to connect multiple rack battery management systems (RBMS) contained in the multiple battery containers in a daisy-chain manner via the second communication line.

13. The energy storage system according to claim 9, further comprising a water-filling container configured to be connected to the AC unit and to receive power from the electrical system via the AC line, connected to the master controller via a third communication line, and connected to each of the battery racks via a pipeline.

14. The aforementioned water filling container is The energy storage system according to claim 13, which is configured to release the internal fire extinguishing liquid into the pipeline when it receives a water injection command from the master controller.

15. The aforementioned battery container is The energy storage system according to claim 1, comprising a subswitch configured such that one end is connected to the DC line and the other end is connected to one or more battery racks.

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