Radio signaling apparatus and method for synchronizing radio signals and transmitting data

Abstract

The present invention relates to a radio signaling device and method for synchronizing, transmitting, and receiving data using a multi-carrier signal, wherein the radio signal can be simultaneously utilized as a pilot signal component and a data signal component at the reception level. In a radio signaling device configured to transmit a radio signal, the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) includes a plurality of blocks, each block including a pilot symbol d. The radio signaling device generates a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) to determine and transmit the pilot symbol d, and also uses the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) as a data symbol s k Modulated by this, at which point each reference frequency component b i (t) data symbol s k The i-th element s k,i It is adapted to multiply by . Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a radio signaling device adapted to receive such radio signals.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless signaling device and method for transmitting and receiving wireless signals using a multi-carrier signal, and further enables the use of the same multi-carrier signal for synchronization purposes. [Background technology]

[0002] Multicarrier (MC) modulation is widely used in communication systems and is being considered as one of the candidate schemes for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) [1-4]. The basic principle of MC modulation is to parallelize a series data flow across multiple frequency subcarriers, which are usually placed in close proximity to each other. The transmission data assigned to each is modulated, and this is then multiplexed by the subcarriers.

[0003] Current or known GNSS signals are typically divided into two common types: pilot signal components and data signal components. The former is useful for flexible acquisition and tracking, i.e., synchronization, and allows for the adaptive application of both short and long coherent integration and processing periods depending on the receiver application and / or channel propagation conditions. The latter signal is used to deliver useful data to the GNSS receiver.

[0004] Typically, both types of signals are used complementaryly to obtain their respective advantages. The main drawback of transmitting dedicated pilot and data signal components is that the available power must be shared / distributed between them. Therefore, if, for example, the user is only interested in tracking the pilot signal component, the available active power for the user will be low.

[0005] Therefore, improved radio signaling equipment is advantageous, and in particular, more efficient and / or reliable radio signaling equipment for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals that have the advantages of both pilot signals and data signals is advantageous. (Purpose of the invention)

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a radio signaling device for transmitting a radio signal that can simultaneously transmit signal elements (typically including a pilot signal component and a data signal component).

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless signaling device that receives a wireless signal and makes the wireless signal available simultaneously as a pilot signal component and a data signal component.

[0008] A further object of the present invention is to provide an alternative to the prior art.

[0009] In particular, it can be understood that an objective of the present invention is to provide a wireless signaling device that solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art without the need to share / distribute available power between the pilot signal component and the data signal component. [Overview of the project]

[0010] Therefore, the above-mentioned object and several other objects are intended to be achieved by providing a radio signaling device adapted to transmit a radio signal, wherein the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) comprises at least one block. The block contains a pilot symbol d, and the pilot symbol d has multiple pilot symbol components d i and data symbols s k Includes data symbols s k is multiple elements s k,i The wireless signaling device includes, a. Multiple pilot symbol components d i multiple spreading code sequences c i Modulated by (t), the result is passed to multiple carrier waves s i Modulated by (t) to form the reference frequency component b i (t) is generated, and these are used to form a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), b. Data symbols s depend on index k, which represents the information transmitted by the block.k Selecting c. Each reference frequency component b i (t) is multiplied by the corresponding i-th element s k of the data symbol s k,i so that a plurality of modulated frequency components z i (t) are generated, modulating the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) with the data symbol s k and d. Transmitting a radio signal z(k,t) including a block containing a plurality of pilot symbol components d i and the data symbol s k is adapted to generate the radio signal z(k,t) by .

[0011] The radio signal device is adapted to transmit a radio signal. The radio signal is transmitted in blocks, and each block contains a data symbol s k which is a complex number sequence. The data symbol s k transmits the information to be transmitted by the signal. The data symbol s k is selected for the block depending on the index k. The applied index k depends on the information transmitted by the block. The multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is modulated by the data symbol s k to obtain the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) that carries both the pilot signal component and the data signal component.

[0012] The index k represents the information transmitted by the block. The index k is an index that selects which data symbol s k is used for the data symbol s k and thus which information is transmitted by the block. The index k is an integer. The integer corresponds to one piece of information transmitted by the block. The index k may be the information itself, in which case the information transmitted by the block is the number of the index k. The information may be the number itself, or the number may be encoded information such as, for example, a character or a reference to a predetermined message.

[0013] A block is a transmission sequence having a predetermined duration of period Y. During period Y, the block is transmitted. The transmission duration Y may vary depending on the information transmitted within the block; specifically, the duration may vary according to index k.

[0014] A "block" is understood to mean a specific block among several blocks that are sent. This specific block can be any of the blocks being sent.

[0015] A radio signaling device adapted to transmit radio signals may, for the purposes of this specification, be referred to as a transmitting radio signaling device or transmitter.

[0016] The pilot symbol d is the binary component d of multiple F pilot symbols. i This includes, and as a result, 2 F This is the symbol modulation scheme. The pilot symbol d applied to the multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is known to both the transmitter and receiver, facilitating synchronization between them. F is an integer, and each pilot symbol component d i It is a binary value, i.e., 0 or 1.

[0017] The reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) consists of multiple pilot symbols d i The components are multiple diffusion code sequences c i After modulation with (t), multiple carrier waves s i Modulated with (t) to obtain the reference frequency component b i (t) is generated. Multicarrier frequency component b i (t) forms the multi-carrier pilot signal b(t).

[0018] Multiple carrier waves s i (t) is e(jω i It has the form of t), where j is the imaginary unit, ω i ω is the angular frequency, i =2πf i and f if is the carrier frequency. The reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) contains F frequency components, where F is an integer. For each of the F frequency components, a specific carrier frequency f i Carrier wave s i (t) is used.

[0019] Multiple carrier waves s i Each of (t) is a diffusion code sequence c i Modulated by (t), with reference frequency component b i (t) is generated.

[0020] Data Symbols k s is a vector that carries signal information. k is a complex sequence. Data symbol s k The selection depends on index k. Each multicarrier frequency component b of the multicarrier pilot signal b(t) i (t) is the data symbol s k The i-th element s k,i Modulated by multiple modulation frequency components z i (t) is generated. That is, z i (t)=s k,i b i (t)

[0021] Spreading code sequence c i (t) includes a deterministic binary sequence of pulses, commonly called a chip, which is known in advance by the transmitter and receiver. Thus, both the transmitter and receiver use the same spreading code sequence c to modulate and demodulate the signal. i (t) is being used. Column c i (t) is statistically similar to a random number sequence and is difficult to predict. Such sequences can be generated by the transmitter and receiver using known algorithms, or they can be pre-generated and stored in the transmitter and receiver.

[0022] The present invention is not limited thereto, but in particular, a wireless device that transmits pilot symbol component d in the same transmission without sharing / distributing available power. i and data symbols s k This is advantageous because it allows for the simultaneous transmission of components.

[0023] In a second aspect of the present invention, a wireless signaling device is provided that receives and synchronizes a wireless signal, wherein the received wireless signal r(t) has multiple signal components r in at least one block i (t) is included, and the block is data symbol s k Includes data symbols s k This is a set of multiple elements s that depend on index k. k,i Including; the received radio signal r(t) is transmitted from the transmitting radio signaling device that transmits the radio signal z(k,t); before transmitting the radio signal z(k,t), - Multiple pilot symbol components d i multiple diffusion code sequences c i Modulated by (t), the result is given to multiple s i Modulated by (t) to obtain the reference frequency component b i (t) is generated, which forms the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), -Reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) to data symbol s k Modulated by, each reference frequency component b i (t) is data symbol s k The corresponding i-th element s k,i Multiple modulation frequency components z are multiplied by this. i Generate (t), The transmitting radio signaling device then has multiple pilot symbol components d i and data symbols s k A wireless signal z(k,t) containing a block including the following is transmitted; A radio signaling device adapted to receive a radio signal r(t) will, after receiving the radio signal r(t), a. Signal component r i (t) Each of them is a carrier wave s i (t) and spreading code sequence ci Demodulated by (t), the cross-ambiguity function (CAF) of each signal component is obtained Y k,i To obtain, b. CAFY of each signal component k,i Combine the overall CAFΩ k To obtain, c. Total CAFΩ k In the phase delay dimension ρ, the threshold λ(P FA ) to detect a maximum value exceeding ) and d. Based on the maximum value detected in the phase delay dimension ρ and the distance between multiple maximum values, the data symbol s of the received block is determined. k Determining the index k, Therefore, the data symbols s of the received block k It is adapted to determine the index k.

[0024] A transmitting radio signal z(k,t) is generated and transmitted by one radio signaling device, and a receiving radio signal r(t) is received by the other radio signaling device. The radio signal z(k,t) transmitted by the transmitting radio signaling device according to the first aspect of the present invention may be received and demodulated by a plurality of radio signaling devices adapted to receive radio signals. The received radio signal r(t) differs from the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) due to distortion during transmission. Radio signals are distorted during transmission, for example, by noise and the Doppler effect.

[0025] A radio signaling device adapted to receive radio signals may, in this specification, be referred to instead as a receiving radio signaling device or receiver.

[0026] Upon receiving a radio signal, the receiving radio signaling device decodes the signal to determine the index k contained in each block of the radio signal. The receiving radio signaling device also decodes multiple pilot symbol components d. i By decoding the signal, the identification and location of the transmitting radio signaling device can be determined.

[0027] The block may be a receiving block or a transmitting block. When a block is received, it should be understood as one of the blocks received by a radio signal device adapted to receive and synchronize radio signals. The receiving block may be any of the received blocks.

[0028] The demodulation of the radio signal is performed by correlating i) the received radio signal r(t) containing a plurality of signal components r i (t) with the carrier wave s i (t) and ii) the spreading code sequence c i (t). The receiver knows the subcarrier frequency ω i and the spreading code sequence in advance. In this case, at the time of demodulation, the plurality of carrier waves s i (t) are in the form of e(jω i t). The process of demodulating the radio signal using this carrier wave s i (t) and the spreading code sequence c i (t) is also called a matched filter. A matched filter is applied to the received signal, whereby the receiver can determine whether the transmitted signal contains content relevant to the receiver.

[0029] CAFY k,i is obtained for each signal component that depends on the received signal time (τ) and frequency (ν) errors. Then, by combining CAFY k,i , the overall CAF Ω k is obtained, which also depends on the phase (ρ) between the individual CAFs. The CAF depends on the characteristics of the spreading code sequence c i (t) and represents the influence of signal propagation with respect to time, phase, and frequency.

[0030] The overall CAF Ω k includes each dimension of time delay, frequency delay, and phase delay. The phase delay dimension is a function of the frequency of the transmitted signal component and indicates the amplitude of the phase delay corresponding to the phase between individual subcarriers. In this spectrum, there may be two or more maxima, i.e., correlation peaks. Identify the maxima and, based on the distance between the maxima, the data symbol s kDetermine the index k by demodulating. The maximum value in the phase delay is detected by finding an amplitude that exceeds the threshold λ(P FA )

[0031] The terms "peak" and "maximum value" are used interchangeably herein.

[0032] The proposed concept is applicable to GNSS signals or, in general, any other system based on multi - carrier (MC) frequency components that need to simultaneously play the roles of both pilot components and data components, whereby - The receiver can flexibly select the coherent integration period (from short to long) used for signal detection / capture; and - It enables the transmission and reception of data in a short time from a few milliseconds (ms) and allows flexible data demodulation with shorter or longer processing times according to the channel and receiver states.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the integration period T for generating the overall CAFΩ k is less than or equal to the duration Y of transmitting the block.

[0034] The transmitter transmits the block in the duration Y. However, when the receiver receives the signal, it may not be necessary to receive the entire block to be able to generate the overall CAFΩ k

[0035] In the phase - delay dimension ρ, a maximum value may be determined when the amplitude of the phase delay exceeds the threshold Z(P FA ) Based on the position of the maximum value and the distance between the maximum values, the data symbol s k corresponding data symbol can be identified. At least one maximum value in the phase - delay dimension ρ of the overall CAFΩ k is applied in the determination of the index k.

[0036] Provide an integration period T less than or equal to the duration Y of transmitting the block to generate the overall CAFΩ​k By generating this, the receiver can reduce power consumption when determining the index k of the transmit block, and can synchronize and demodulate the signal more quickly and with less power.

[0037] According to one embodiment, data symbols s k To obtain the overall CAFΩ, k The generation is performed over an integral period T less than or equal to the transmission duration Y of the block, and the number of samples, as well as the range covered in each dimension of time delay, angular frequency delay, and phase delay, are selected according to the operating conditions of the receiver.

[0038] If the reception conditions for the transmitted signal are good, the receiver will calculate the CAFΩ from only a portion of the transmitted block to the entire CAFΩ. k It is possible to determine this, and therefore, by receiving only a portion of the block, the data symbols s k The corresponding data symbol can be identified, and the index k can be determined.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the total CAFΩ generated is 100% k In the phase delay dimension, two or more local maxima are detected, and the number of detected local maxima is equal to the data symbol s k It depends on.

[0040] Overall CAFΩ k In the phase delay dimension, two or more local maxima are detected.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the index k is determined as a function of the estimated relative distance between the sets of detected maxima.

[0042] The number of local maxima and the distance between them are represented by the data symbol s k It depends on the distance between local maximums. k It can be determined whether the signal was applied to the generation of the signal, and as a result, the receiver can determine whether the applied data symbols s kBy determining this, we can determine the index k.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the blocks are transmitted one after another in succession to form a continuous signal.

[0044] Blocks may be sent consecutively, with the next block being sent immediately after the previously sent block.

[0045] According to one embodiment, a block is transmitted as a snapshot at any point in time and / or at a predetermined duty cycle.

[0046] Blocks may be sent as snapshots at any point in time, or blocks may be sent at predetermined duty cycles. A predetermined duty cycle is a duty cycle in which the period between sending the previous block and sending the next block is fixed.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the duration Y for sending the block varies.

[0048] The duration for sending a block may vary. This may depend on the data being sent. For example, the duration Y for sending a block may depend on the data symbol being sent, for example, the data symbol s k It may depend on the index k of the corresponding data symbol.

[0049] According to one embodiment, data symbols s k This is a vector containing multiple elements, where each element is a step phase Δφ k,d and / or offset phase φ 0,k,d and / or global step phase Δθ k,d It is a function of .

[0050] Step phase Δφ k,d and offset phase φ 0,k,d This applies to the transmission of data symbols. Different step phases Δφk,d By using this, each CAFΔφ k,i Combine the overall CAFΩ k By obtaining each CAFY k,i The separation between the maximum values ​​in the phase delay dimension obtained when evaluating the phase between them will be different.

[0051] Step phase Δφ k,d This is applied to define the distance between local maximums.

[0052] Global step phase Δθ k,d This is applied to offset the positions of all local maxima.

[0053] According to one embodiment, data symbols s k is multiple elements s k,i It is a vector containing, and the i-th element is defined as follows:

number

number

[0054] D is a data symbol s kThis corresponds to the number of individual step phases present. For example, if D is set to 1, two different peaks will appear in the CAF when f(x)=g(Re(x)) or f(x)=g(Im(x)).

[0055] According to one embodiment, the CAFY of each signal component k,i This can be determined as follows:

number

[0056] CAFY k,i This represents the variance of the i-th component at time and frequency after applying the receiver-matched filter.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the total CAF can be determined as follows:

number

[0058] The overall CAF includes a phase delay dimension ρ, from which a maximum value can be determined, and based on the distance between these maximum values, the data symbols s applied to modulate the data symbols in the transmitted signal are determined. k This allows us to determine the index k and thereby reveal the information that has been sent and received.

[0059] The capture of a received multicarrier signal is based on the derivation of the overall CAF by the receiver. The derivation of the overall CAF can be carried out according to various receiver architectures that perform correlation calculations for a given integration period using a correlator and / or Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Using FFT-based correlation [5] reduces the number of calculations required compared to using a correlator. Using an FFT-based stage makes it possible to integrate correlation contributions from different carrier frequencies. The derivation of the overall CAF generally requires the application of filtering (to attenuate or remove specific frequency bands of the received signal), down-conversion (to convert the received signal to a low-frequency signal and derive a baseband signal centered at or near zero frequency if necessary), and Doppler removal (to remove frequency offsets caused by the Doppler effect and enable the deriving of a baseband signal centered at zero frequency).

[0060] In wireless communication and signal processing, a baseband signal is a signal that has not been modulated to a higher frequency for transmission on a communication channel.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the capture of the received multicarrier signal r(t) is performed using the following receiver architecture: a) Each carrier frequency f i In this case, the corresponding carrier wave s i (t) is used to create the signal component r i A filtering and downconversion stage that converts (t) to baseband; b) A correlator-based stage that removes the Doppler frequency of the received radio signal r(t); c) Carrier frequency f i Each of the baseband signals obtained and the corresponding spreading code sequence c i FFT-based correlation stage with (t); d) All carrier frequencies f i FFT-based integration stage of correlation contribution; and e) threshold λ(P FAA detection stage for a maximum value or group of maximum values ​​that exceeds ).

[0062] Pilot symbol d i The spreading code sequence c used by i (t) can be constructed based on a so-called primary spreading code (or primary code) having a predetermined code length. Using a short code length for the primary spreading code may be useful in reducing the number of operations required to capture the received multicarrier signal. Primary spreading codes with a code length of 1023-bit pulses (so-called chips) or less are useful and can include code lengths of several hundred chips (e.g., 300 to 400 chips) and / or several tens of chips (e.g., 20 to 40 chips).

[0063] According to one embodiment, the multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is any short primary spreading code sequence c with a code length of 1023 binary pulses or less. short A short first-order spreading code sequence is generated based on the use of (t), and has a single carrier frequency f over a period of time D. i A short primary spreading code sequence c is transmitted and remains identical for a certain period D. short (t) is transmitted one or more times consecutively, followed by the same primary spreading code sequence c short (t) has different carrier frequencies f i It is transmitted in this manner, thereby forming a short code frequency hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier signal.

[0064] The short-code frequency-hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier signal structure simplifies the receiver architecture used for acquisition, reducing the number of calculations required for acquisition. After acquisition, the SC-FH multicarrier signal may be tracked to derive a so-called code pseudodistance estimate. The accuracy of the code pseudodistance estimate depends on the total bandwidth of the SC-FH multicarrier signal. Therefore, the short-code frequency-hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier signal can be used to perform low-complexity acquisition processing and high-accuracy pseudodistance estimation (i.e., tracking) processing in parallel, without the need for separate signals for each purpose.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the capture of a short code frequency hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier pilot signal b(t) is performed by using the following receiver architecture: a) A correlator-based stage that removes the Doppler frequency from a received multicarrier signal; b) Each carrier frequency f i Short primary spreading code sequence c transmitted in short A decimation (i.e., downsampling) stage for generating an equivalent baseband signal at a downsampling frequency less than or equal to the bandwidth of (t); c) Short primary spreading code sequence c short FFT-based correlation stage with replica of (t); and d) Threshold λ(P) in the sign delay dimension FA A local maximum value exceeding ) was detected.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is a frequency-hopping spread (FHSS) signal.

[0068] According to one embodiment, multiple multi-carrier pilot signals b(t) are transmitted in parallel across multiple frequency bands.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the radio signal is used in a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).

[0070] According to one embodiment, the radio signal is used based on a medium Earth orbit (MEO), low Earth orbit (LEO), and / or geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO) satellite constellation.

[0071] According to one embodiment, signal detection and / or data symbol acquisition includes the detection and / or estimation of one or more maxima from one or more radio signals received from different satellites, for the purpose of utilizing spatial diversity.

[0072] A radio signaling device that receives radio signals may be capable of receiving signals from different transmitters.

[0073] The proposed concept can operate even in cold starts or when prior information such as support information is available, in which case it is possible to reduce the acquisition search space in the frequency domain and, in some cases, shorten the time. Furthermore, when the receiver is operating under conditions similar to tracking, such as continuous mode or duty cycle mode, and has a good understanding of time / frequency, the number of correlation points required in the time / frequency domain to maintain tracking is small, as in a standard GNSS receiver, and the current data symbols being transmitted can be used as needed. k The phase delay dimension is evaluated to obtain the desired result.

[0074] The proposed concept enables direct snapshot processing, meaning that both capture and data demodulation can be performed within the same snapshot, and moreover, this can be done with extremely short snapshots.

[0075] Furthermore, the proposed concept gives the receiver complete flexibility in the following respects: a) Determine the desired snapshot length based on the operating environment, b) If you are not interested in the data provided, you may decide to use the signal components only for detection / capture and / or tracking, or c) Decide to use the signal component for both detection / capture and rapid data acquisition with a flexible snapshot length. This allows the receiver to acquire the desired type of information with very short delays, simultaneously with acquisition at the start of operation, without having to switch to snapshot mode, i.e., continuous tracking, or tracking / demodulating the signal for a long period of time.

[0076] Furthermore, it should be noted that the proposed concept is fully compatible with typical phase shifts actually expected between multiple carriers, such as those caused by receiver front-end distortion or atmospheric effects. In fact, the phase delay dimension can be used to address these types of effects, and at the same time, it is useful for obtaining information using the proposed concept.

[0077] The use of multi-carrier signals for positioning has been explored in the literature due to improvements in code accuracy achieved by code pseudo-distance estimation (including multipath conditions) and increased robustness to operation under frequency-selective fading channel conditions. The multi-carrier signal may consist of both pilot signal and data signal components.

[0078] The MC pilot signal facilitates acquisition and tracking operations at the receiver level; the MC data signal enables data transmission (usually assisted by pilot tracking). The pilot signal and data signal may be transmitted in parallel.

[0079] The proposed signal concept is: a) It is based on the use of signals composed of multiple frequency components, i.e., multi-carrier (MC) signals. b) Enables data transmission in a short time (from a few milliseconds), c) Simultaneously, it is possible to flexibly use it as a detection pilot signal at either a short time (a few milliseconds) or a long time (up to several hundred milliseconds) coherent integration time, as required by the user receiver. d) Compatible with both continuous operation mode and snapshot operation mode.

[0080] Therefore, a single MC signal utilizing the proposed signal concept can be applied as both the pilot and data components, eliminating the need to distribute the transmit power between the two independent signal components.

[0081] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for transmitting a radio signal in a radio signaling device, wherein the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) includes at least one block, The block contains a pilot symbol d, and the pilot symbol d has multiple pilot symbol components d i and data symbols s k and include, data symbols s k is multiple elements s k,i Including; wireless signaling devices: a. Multiple diffusion code sequences c i (t) Multiple pilot symbol components d i The result is modulated and the result is passed to multiple carrier waves s i Modulated by (t) to form the reference frequency component b i (t) is generated and a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is formed, b. Data symbols s depend on index k, which represents the information transmitted by the block. k Choosing and c. Reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) to data symbol s k Modulated by each reference frequency component b i (t) is data symbol s k The corresponding i-th element s k,i This is multiplied by multiple modulation frequency components z i (t) is generated, d. Multiple pilot symbol components d i and data symbols s k Transmitting a wireless signal z(k,t) that includes a block containing, This is adapted to generate a wireless signal z(k,t).

[0082] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a method for receiving and synchronizing a wireless signal using a wireless signaling device, wherein the received wireless signal r(t) has multiple signal components r in at least one block. i (t) is included, and the block contains data symbols s k Includes data symbols s k This involves multiple elements s that depend on index k. k,i Includes; The received radio signal r(t) is transmitted from the transmitting radio signaling device that transmits the radio signal z(k,t); Before transmitting the radio signal z(k,t), the transmitting radio signaling device - Multiple pilot symbol components d i multiple spreading code sequences c i Modulated with (t), the result is passed to multiple carrier waves s i Modulated with (t) to obtain the reference frequency component b i (t) is generated and formed as a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), -Reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) to data symbol s k Modulated with each reference frequency component b i (t) contains data symbols s k The corresponding i-th element s k,i Multiply by multiple modulation frequency components z i Generate (t); Subsequently, the transmitting radio signaling device outputs multiple pilot symbol components d i and data symbols s k A radio signal z(k,t) containing at least one block including; A radio signaling device (4) adapted to receive radio signals, after receiving radio signal r(t): a. Each signal component r i (t) is the carrier wave s i (t) and spreading code sequence c i Demodulated at (t), the mutual uncertainty function (CAF) Y of each signal component k,i To obtain, b. CAFY of each signal component k,i Combine the overall CAFΩk To obtain, c. Total CAFΩ k In the phase delay dimension ρ, the threshold λ(P FA ) to detect a local maximum value exceeding, d. Based on the maximum value detected in the phase delay dimension ρ and the distance between multiple maximum values, the data symbol s of the received block is determined. k Determining the index k, Therefore, the data symbols s of the received block k It is adapted to determine the index k.

[0083] Each individual aspect of the present invention can be combined with any of the other aspects. These and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the embodiments described. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0084] Next, the wireless signaling device according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate one method of carrying out the present invention and should not be construed as limiting to other possible embodiments included in the accompanying claims.

[0085] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram illustrating a wireless system. [Figure 2] This is a two-stage high-level block diagram showing the data flow. [Figure 3] This figure shows a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) containing multiple frequency components bi(t). [Figure 4a] This is a diagram showing the frequency component bi(t). [Figure 4b] This is a diagram showing the frequency component bi(t). [Figure 5a] This figure shows that each frequency component bi(t) is modulated by a complex sequence of data symbols sk. [Figure 5b] This figure shows two radio signal blocks, bk1(t) and bk2(t), containing signal components of different frequencies ω1 to ωF. [Figure 6] This figure shows the MC pilot symbol component di modulated by the spreading code sequence ci(t). [Figure 7] This figure shows the MC pilot symbol component di modulated by the data symbol sk. [Figure 8] This figure shows that the wireless signal is transmitted in blocks having a duration of Yms. [Figure 9] This figure shows the flexibility for processing short or long snapshots of signals for detection and symbol estimation. [Figure 10] This figure shows the maximum value, which is the correlation peak observed in the phase delay dimension. [Figure 11] This diagram shows how peaks or local maxima are counted. [Figure 12] This figure shows a receiver architecture that uses down-conversion, Doppler removal, and correlation. [Figure 13] This figure shows a receiver architecture for short code frequency hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier signals using decimation and FFT-based correlation. [Figure 14] This diagram shows a method for transmitting wireless signals. [Figure 15] This diagram shows a method for receiving and synchronizing wireless signals. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0086] Figure 1 schematically shows a radio system 1, which here is a GNSS configuration, and includes a first radio signaling device 2 and a second radio signaling device 3 (hereinafter referred to as transmitters) adapted to transmit radio signals. In this case, the two transmitters 2 and 3 are mounted on a satellite, but in other types of radio systems, they may be, for example, ground-based. The radio system 1 further includes a third radio signaling device 4 adapted to receive radio signals from the transmitters via an antenna 5 and to perform further signal processing in a receiving unit 6.

[0087] The present invention relates to wireless signals and apparatus and methods necessary for transmitting and / or receiving them.

[0088] Figure 2 is a two-stage high-level block diagram showing the data flow. Pilot symbol component d i This is input to the serial / parallel (S / P) converter 100 for subsequent parallel processing, and then in step 110, the pilot symbol component d i However, multiple diffusion code sequences c i Modulated by (t), the result is the data symbol s in step 120. k Modulated by, in channel assignment 130, multiple carrier waves s i The signal is modulated by (t), and the result is combined in the channel coupler 140 before the signal is transmitted.

[0089] In the lower block diagram, the radio signal r(t) is received by the channel selector 150, and in step 160, each signal component r i (t) is the spreading code sequence c i (t) is correlated to obtain the CAF of each signal component. In step 170, the CAFs are combined to obtain the overall CAF, along with the time / frequency synchronization parameter and data symbol s. k It is detected.

[0090] Figure 3 shows multiple frequency components b i This figure shows a reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) including (t). The multicarrier signal has F orthogonal frequency components b i (t) is included, F is an integer and F ≥ 2, they are transmitted at different carrier frequencies, and the i-th frequency component b i (t) is a previously known diffusion code sequence c i (t) is modulated to form the reference multicarrier (MC) pilot signal b(t); Figure 3 shows the frequency components b1(t), b2(t), b3(t) to b F The data is shown up to (t), and each frequency component is centered at a different frequency.

[0091] Figure 4a shows the carrier wave si (t)=e(jω i t) with spreading code sequence c i By multiplying (t), the frequency component b i This figure shows how to obtain (t). In this figure, d i (d) is omitted i (This is considered to be equal to 1).

[0092] Figure 4b shows multiple frequency components b i (t) forms the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), and each frequency component has a different frequency ω i This figure shows that it is centered on each diffusion code sequence c. i The duration of (t) is less than or equal to the duration of block 11. In the latter case, a block is formed by applying consecutive spreading codes. Without loss of generality, it is also possible that a non-repeating infinite sequence of spreading codes can be extended across different blocks, effectively assigning a different sequence of spreading codes to each block.

[0093] Figure 5a shows each frequency component b i (t) is the data symbol s k This indicates that it is modulated by a complex number sequence, and the data symbol s k is a vector, and k is the index of the data symbol. The i-th frequency component b i (t) is modulated by the i-th component of the data symbol sk, and as a result, the frequency component z i (t) is obtained, and the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) is obtained.

[0094] Figure 5b shows different frequencies from ω1 to ω F Two radio signal blocks b containing signal components in k1 (t) and b k2 (t) is shown. The duration of each block 11 is Yms.

[0095] Figure 6 shows the MC pilot symbol component d i However, c1(t), c2(t), and c F The diffuse code sequence c shown by (t)i (t), e(jω1t), e(jω2t), and e(jω F Carrier wave s shown by t) i (t)=e(jω i t) is modulated by, but the data symbols s k This indicates that it will not be modulated. In this case, no data is transmitted, and the pilot symbol component d i Only this will be sent.

[0096] In the receiver, the received radio signal r(t) is given a known spreading code sequence c i (t) and carrier wave e(-jω i By correlating it with t), the pilot symbol component d i Obtain it.

[0097] Figure 7 shows the MC pilot symbol component d i However, c1(t), c2(t) and c F The diffuse code sequence c shown by (t) i (t), e(jω1t), e(jω2t), and e(jω F Carrier wave s shown by t) i (t)=e(jω i t) and s k,1 , s k,2 , s k,F The data symbol sk is shown by and modulated by z1(t), z2(t) and z F The modulation frequency component z shown by (t) i This indicates that (t) is formed. The modulated frequency component forms the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) and is transmitted to the receiver. In this case, the transmitted radio signal contains information used for satellite positioning and identification, as well as data symbols s k It also transports information related to this.

[0098] In the receiver, the receiver assumes that the spreading code sequence c is known. i (t) and carrier wave e(-jω i By correlating t) with the received wireless signal r(t), the data symbol s k Obtain it. <Derivation of the signal concept>

[0099] The complex baseband representation of the reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) can be modeled as follows:

number

[0100] Vectors k If we define it as follows,

number

number

number

number

[0101] Δφ k,d This is the step phase applied to define the location of the local maximum. k,d By using this, the matching filter of the multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is set to the symbol sequence s, as defined below. k Applying this to a modulated signal z(k,t) obtained with a modulated metric results in different separations between maximum values ​​in the phase delay dimension.

[0102] Based on the definition above, the radio signal z(k,t) modulated by the data symbol sk during transmission of the data symbol is defined as follows:

number

[0103] The signal z(k,t) is transmitted by a radio signaling device that transmits radio signals and received by a radio signaling device that receives radio signals.

[0104] On the receiver side, data symbols s k The complex baseband representation of the received signal r(t) corresponding to the Yms period during which the corresponding data symbol is transmitted can be simplified and modeled as follows:

number

[0105] The receiver uses the known frequency component b of the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) for the received signal r(t). i Apply a matching filter to (t) and consider the entire received signal for the overall CAF (Ω k As the first step in generating (τ,υ,ρ), CAF(Y) for each frequency component / bandwidth k,i (τ,υ)) can be generated, and its definition is:

number

number

[0106] The symbol sequence s applied to the modulation of the reference pilot signal is based on the CAF for the target time, frequency, and phase lag range. k Depending on the phase delay dimension, a set of two or more maximals may be detected; a potential implementation method is to first detect the first maximal, or the entire set of maximals observed.

number

[0107] The relative distance between local maxima depends on the configuration of the transmitted data symbols and the specific symbol sequence applied, as shown in equation (2). In particular, D=1, f(x)=Re(x), φ 0,k,1 =Δθ k,1 Let = 0, and for the k-th symbol, φ in equation (2) k,1If we set = 2πk / F (where k is an integer from 1 to floor(F / 2)), we obtain floor(F / 2) relative distances, each corresponding to a different data symbol.

[0108] Figure 10 shows the local maxima, which are correlation peaks observed in the phase delay dimension. The amplitude is the normalized amplitude, and the largest local maxima 101 is normalized so that the amplitude is 1. The second local maxima 102 is located at the distance 103 between the two local maxima. The distance 103 between the two local maxima is represented by the data symbol s k Since it depends on the distance between two local maxima, the data symbol can be determined using the distance between the two local maxima. The location of the local maxima can be detected by estimating the frequency at which the amplitude is higher than the threshold λ105, and this threshold λ is defined based on the operating requirements of the radio signaling device receiving the signal, which is the false alarm probability P FA It depends on.

[0109] It should be noted that the proposed concept does not affect the accuracy of code delay estimation obtained using multicarrier signals.

[0110] Regarding CAF generation at the receiver level, two different receiver operating scenarios should be considered: -When the receiver is tracking the reference pilot signal, the actual time / frequency delay required is minimal (the time / frequency is known with high precision), and therefore only the phase delay dimension needs to be evaluated. - If the receiver is in a capture state, the number of time / frequency delays to be evaluated depends on the initial conditions of the receiver, according to any conventional capture process.

[0111] Figure 11 shows how peaks or maxima are counted. In step 200, the total CAFΩ is calculated for the selected values ​​τ', υ', and ρ' for τ, υ, and ρ. In step 210, the calculated total CAFΩ value is set to the threshold λ(P FA The overall CAF value is compared to the threshold λ(P). FAIf it exceeds ), 1 is added to the number of peaks in step 220. The required number of peaks N peaks Once identified, based on the confirmation in step 230, the distance between peaks is calculated in step 240, and in step 250, the data symbol with index k is identified from that distance. On the other hand, if the calculated value in step 210 does not exceed the threshold, the algorithm returns to step 200 and processes the newly selected values ​​τ', υ', and ρ'. Typically, one of the parameters is changed, for example, ρ' is slightly increased in the next calculation.

[0112] Figure 12 shows a receiver architecture used to capture a received multicarrier signal. In the first stage 121, each carrier frequency f i The signal component r in i (t) to e(-jω i The corresponding carrier wave s of the form t) i Filtering and down-conversion processing are applied to convert to baseband using (t). In the next stage 122, the angular frequency shift ω input by Doppler is applied. D e(-jω) D Using a carrier wave of the form f(t), a process is applied to remove the Doppler frequency of the received radio signal r(t) on a correlator basis. In the next stage 123, the carrier frequency f i For each baseband signal obtained, the corresponding spreading code sequence c i An FFT-based correlation with (t) is applied. In the next stage 124, all carrier frequencies f i A process is applied to integrate the correlation contribution using an FFT basis. In the final stage 125, a predetermined threshold λ(P FA The detection of a local maximum or group of local maximums exceeding ) is performed.

[0113] Figure 13 shows a receiver architecture used to capture a short code frequency hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier signal. In the first stage 131, the angular frequency shift ω input by Doppler is used. D e(-jω)D Using a carrier wave of the form t), a process is applied to remove the Doppler frequency of the received radio signal on a correlator basis. In the next stage 132, decimation, i.e., downsampling, is applied to generate an equivalent baseband signal, and each carrier frequency f i Short primary spreading code sequence c transmitted via short A downsampling frequency less than or equal to the bandwidth of (t) is used. In the next stage 133, a short first-order spreading code sequence c short An FFT-based correlation with a replica of (t) is applied. In the final stage 134, a predetermined threshold λ(P) is applied to the sign delay dimension. FA The detection of local maximums exceeding ) is performed.

[0114] Figure 14 shows a method for transmitting wireless signals. This method is - Multiple pilot symbol components d i multiple spreading coding sequences c i (t) is modulated (step S1), and the result is further modulated with multiple carrier waves s i Modulated with (t), reference frequency component b i (t) is generated, and these are used to form a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), - Dependent on the information being sent, and depending on the index k applied to a specific block, the data symbols s k Selecting (Step S2), -Reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) to data symbol s k Modulated (step S3), each reference frequency component b i (t) data symbol s k The corresponding i-th element s k,i Multiply by and multiple modulation frequency components z i To generate (t), - Multiple pilot symbol components d i and data symbols s k Transmitting a wireless signal z(k,t) containing a block including (step S4), Includes.

[0115] Figure 15 shows a method for receiving and synchronizing a radio signal. The radio signaling device is configured to receive a transmitted radio signal as shown in Figure 14. After receiving the radio signal r(t), the radio signaling device, -Each signal component r i (t) Carrier wave s i (t) and spreading code sequence c i Demodulated at (t) (step S5), the mutual uncertainty function (CAF) Y of each signal component k,i To obtain, - CAFY of each signal component k,i Combined, the overall CAFΩ k To obtain (step S6), -Total CAFΩ k In the phase delay dimension ρ, the threshold λ(P FA ) to detect local maximums (101, 102) that exceed (step S7), -Based on the maximum values ​​(101, 102) detected in the phase delay dimension ρ and the distance (103) between the maximum values, the data symbols s of the received block (11) k The index k is determined (step S8), and the data symbols s of the received block (11) are determined by this. k It is adapted to determine the index k.

[0116] The present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. The present invention or some of its features can also be implemented as software running on one or more data processors and / or digital signal processors.

[0117] Individual elements of embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in any suitable way, such as physically, functionally, and logically, in a single unit, in multiple units, or as part of a separate functional unit. The present invention may be implemented in a single unit or may be physically and functionally distributed across different units and processors.

[0118] Although the present invention has been described in relation to specific embodiments, it should not be construed as being limited in any way to the presented embodiments. The scope of the present invention should be construed in light of the appended claims. In the context of the claims, the terms “comprising” or “comprises” do not exclude other possible elements or steps. Nor should references such as “a” or “an” be construed as excluding plurals. The use of reference numerals in the claims relating to elements shown in the drawings should also not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, individual features mentioned in different claims may, in some cases, be advantageously combined, and references to these features in different claims do not preclude the combination of features from being impossible or advantageous.

[0119] <Reference> [1] F. Luise Zanier, "Fundamental Issues in Time-Delay Estimation of Multicarrier Signals with Applications to Next-Generation GNSS," Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Signal Processing for Space Communications (SPSC 2008), 2008. [2] L. Dai et al., "Positioning with OFDM Signals for the Next-Generation GNSS", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 56, pp. 374-379, 2010. [3] JH. Won et al., "Receiver Architecture for Multicarrier OFDM-based GNSS Signals", Proc. European Workshop on GNSS Signals and Signal Processing (GNSS Signals), Toulouse, France, 2011. [4] J.A. Avila-Rodriguez et al., "A receiver and method for processing a wide-band signal", International Application No. PCT / EP2017 / 069235, 2017. [5] JG Proakis, DG Manolakis, "Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications", 3rd edition, Prentice-Hall International, Inc., 1996.

Claims

1. A radio signaling device adapted to transmit a radio signal, wherein the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) includes at least one block, The block (11) includes a pilot symbol d, and the pilot symbol d comprises a plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ and data symbols s ｋ Includes the data symbol s ｋ is multiple elements s ｋ，ｉ The wireless signaling devices (2, 3) include, a. The plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ multiple spreading code sequences c ｉ Modulated by (t), the result is passed to multiple carrier waves s ｉ Modulated by (t) to form the reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is generated, and these are used to form a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), b. Select the data symbol s depending on the index k representing the information transmitted by the block ｋ and c. Each reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is the data symbol s ｋ The corresponding i-th element s ｋ，ｉ Multiplied by, multiple modulation frequency components z ｉ The reference multicarrier pilot signal b(t) is used to generate the data symbol s ｋ Modulation by, d. The plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ and the data symbol s ｋ Transmitting the wireless signal z(k,t) including the block including, The wireless signal z(k,t) is adapted to be generated by the above, Wireless signaling device.

2. A wireless signaling device that receives and synchronizes wireless signals, wherein the received wireless signal r(t) has multiple signal components r in at least one block (11). ｉ (t) is included, and the block is a data symbol s ｋ Includes the data symbol s ｋ This is a set of multiple elements s that depend on index k. ｋ，ｉ The receiving radio signal r(t) is transmitted from transmitting radio signal devices (2, 3) that transmit the radio signal z(k,t); the transmitting radio signal devices (2, 3) transmit the radio signal z(k,t) before transmitting the radio signal z(k,t). - Multiple pilot symbol components d ｉ multiple diffusion code sequences c ｉ Modulated by (t), the result is given to multiple s ｉ Modulated by (t) to obtain the reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is generated, which forms the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), - The reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is used as the data symbol s ｋ Modulated by, each reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is the data symbol s ｋ The corresponding i-th element s ｋ，ｉ Multiple modulation frequency components z are multiplied by this. ｉ (t) is generated, The transmitting wireless signaling device then transmits the plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ and the data symbol s ｋ The wireless signal z(k,t) including the block (11) is transmitted; The radio signaling device (4), which is adapted to receive the radio signal r(t), after receiving the radio signal r(t), a. The aforementioned signal component r ｉ (t) Each is a carrier wave s ｉ (t) and the spreading code sequence c ｉ Demodulated by (t), the CAF (Cross-Ambiguity Function) Y of each signal component ｋ，ｉ To obtain, b. The CAFY of each signal component ｋ，ｉ Combining these to form the overall CAFΩ ｋ To obtain, c. The total CAFΩ ｋ In the phase delay dimension ρ, the threshold λ(P ＦＡ To detect local maximums (10¹, 10²) that exceed ) and d. Based on the maximum values ​​(101, 102) detected in the phase delay dimension ρ and the distance (103) between the plurality of maximum values, the data symbols s of the receiving block (11) ｋ Determining the index k, As a result, the data symbol s of the receiving block (11) ｋ Adapted to determine the aforementioned index k, Wireless signaling device.

3. The overall CAFΩ ｋ The integration period T for generating the result is less than or equal to the duration Y for transmitting the block (11). The wireless signaling device according to claim 2.

4. The aforementioned data symbols ｋ To obtain the total CAFΩ, ｋ The generation is performed during an integration period T less than or equal to the duration Y for transmitting the block (11), and the number of samples, as well as the range covered in the time delay, angular frequency delay, and phase delay dimensions, are selected according to the operating conditions of the receiver. The wireless signaling device according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The generated total CAFΩ ｋ In the phase delay dimension ρ, two or more of the maximum values ​​(101, 102) are detected, and the number of detected maximum values ​​is the data symbol s ｋ Depends on The wireless signaling device according to claims 2 to 4.

6. The index k is determined as a function of the estimated relative distance (103) between the set of detected local maximums (101, 102). The wireless signaling device according to claim 5.

7. The aforementioned blocks (11) are transmitted one after another in succession to form a continuous signal. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

8. The block (11) is transmitted as a snapshot at any point in time and / or at a predetermined duty cycle. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

9. The duration Y for transmitting block (11) changes. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

10. The aforementioned data symbols ｋ This is a vector containing multiple elements, where each element is a step phase Δφ ｋ，ｄ and / or offset phase φ ０，ｋ，ｄ and / or global step phase Δθ ｋ，ｄ It is a function of, A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

11. The aforementioned data symbols ｋ is a combination of multiple elements s ｋ，ｉ It is a vector containing, and the i-th element is defined as follows: -D ≥ 1, and step phase Δφ ｋ，ｄ Determine the number, -k is the data symbol s ｋ The index k is, - The function f(x) is defined as f(x) = Re(x), or f(x) = Im(x), or f(x) = g(Re(x)), or f(x) = g(Im(x)), where g(x) is a passband filter. -Δφ ｋ，ｄ and φ ０，ｋ，ｄ These are the step phase and the offset phase applied to the transmission of the data symbol, respectively. -Δθ ｋ，ｄ This is the global step phase applied to offset the positions of all the aforementioned maxima. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

12. The CAFY of each signal component ｋ，ｉ This can be determined as follows: r(t) is the received radio signal, B ｉ ( ) is a band-pass filter function, b ｉ ＊ is the complex conjugate reference frequency component, T is the integration period, τ is the time delay, ν is the angular frequency delay, and k is the data symbol s. ｋ This is the index, where j is the imaginary unit. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

13. The overall CAF mentioned above can be calculated as follows: F is the number of frequency components, ν is the time delay, ν is the angular frequency delay, φ is the phase delay, and k is the data symbol s ｋ This is the index, where j is the imaginary unit. The wireless signaling device according to claim 12.

14. The capture of the received multicarrier signal r(t) is: a) Each carrier frequency f ｉ In the above, the corresponding carrier wave s ｉ (t) is used to obtain the signal component r ｉ A filtering and downconverting stage (121) that converts (t) to baseband; b) A correlator-based stage (122) for removing the Doppler frequency of the received radio signal r(t); c) The carrier frequency f ｉ Each of the baseband signals obtained and the corresponding spreading code sequence c ｉ FFT-based correlation stage with (t) (123); d) All of the carrier frequencies f ｉ FFT-based integration stage (124) of the correlation contribution; and e) Threshold λ(P ＦＡ A detection stage (125) for the maximum value or group of maximum values ​​that exceeds the above-mentioned maximum value, Executed using the receiver architecture of The wireless signaling device according to claim 2.

15. The multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is any short primary spreading code sequence c whose code length is 1023 binary pulses or less. ｓｈｏｒｔ A short primary spreading code sequence generated based on the aforementioned use of (t) has a single carrier frequency f over a period of time D. ｉ A short primary spreading code sequence c is transmitted and remains the same for a certain period D. ｓｈｏｒｔ (t) is transmitted one or more times consecutively, and then the same primary spreading code sequence c ｓｈｏｒｔ (t) has different carrier frequencies f ｉ It is transmitted in this manner, thereby forming a short code frequency hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier signal. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

16. The capture of the aforementioned short code frequency hopping (SC-FH) multicarrier pilot signal b(t) is as follows: a) A correlator-based stage (131) for removing the Doppler frequency of the received multicarrier signal; b) Each carrier frequency f ｉ The short primary spreading code sequence c transmitted in ｓｈｏｒｔ A decimation (i.e., downsampling) stage (132) for generating an equivalent baseband signal at a downsampling frequency less than or equal to the bandwidth of (t); c) the short primary spreading code sequence c ｓｈｏｒｔ (t) FFT-based correlation stage (133) with the aforementioned replica; and d) Threshold λ(P) in the sign delay dimension ＦＡ Detection of the maximum value exceeding (134), This is done by using the receiver architecture of The wireless signaling device according to claim 15.

17. The multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

18. The multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is a frequency-hopping spread (FHSS) signal. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

19. Multiple multi-carrier pilot signals b(t) are transmitted in parallel across multiple frequency bands. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

20. The aforementioned radio signal is used in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

21. The aforementioned radio signals are used based on mid-earth orbit (MEO), low-earth orbit (LEO), and / or geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO) satellite constellations. A wireless signaling device according to any of the preceding claims.

22. The signal detection and / or data symbol acquisition includes, for the purpose of utilizing spatial diversity, the detection and / or estimation of one or more maximum values ​​from one or more radio signals received from different satellites. A wireless signaling device according to any one of claims 2 to 21.

23. A method for transmitting a radio signal in a radio signaling device, wherein the transmitted radio signal z(k,t) includes at least one block, The block (11) includes a pilot symbol d, and the pilot symbol d comprises a plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ and data symbols s ｋ and the data symbol s ｋ is a combination of multiple elements s ｋ，ｉ Including; the wireless signaling devices (2, 3) are: a. Multiple diffusion code sequences c ｉ (t) represents the plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ The result is modulated and the result is passed to multiple carrier waves s ｉ The reference frequency component b is modulated by (t). ｉ (t) is generated to form a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), b. Data symbol s depending on the index k representing the information transmitted by the block. ｋ Choosing and c. Modulate the reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) with the data symbol s ｋ such that each reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is multiplied by the corresponding i-th element s ｋ of the data symbol s ｋ，ｉ to generate a plurality of modulated frequency components z ｉ (t). d. The plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ and the data symbol s ｋ Transmitting the wireless signal z(k,t) including the block including, This is adapted to generate the aforementioned wireless signal z(k,t), method.

24. A method for receiving and synchronizing a wireless signal by a wireless signal device, wherein the received wireless signal r(t) includes a plurality of signal components r ｉ (t) in at least one block (11), and the block includes data symbols s ｋ wherein the data symbols s ｋ include a plurality of elements s ｋ，ｉ depending on the index k; The received radio signal r(t) is transmitted from the transmitting radio signaling device (2, 3) that transmits the radio signal z(k, t); The transmitting radio signaling devices (2, 3) transmit the radio signal z(k, t) before, - Multiple pilot symbol components d ｉ multiple spreading code sequences c ｉ Modulated with (t), the result is passed to multiple carrier waves s ｉ Modulated with (t) to obtain the reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is generated and formed as a reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t), - The reference multi-carrier pilot signal b(t) is used as the data symbol s ｋ Modulated with each reference frequency component b ｉ (t) is the data symbol s ｋ The corresponding i-th element s ｋ，ｉ Multiply by multiple modulation frequency components z ｉ (t) is generated; Subsequently, the transmitting wireless signaling device transmits the plurality of pilot symbol components d ｉ and the data symbol s ｋ The wireless signal z(k,t) including block (11) is transmitted; The radio signaling device (4), which is adapted to receive the aforementioned radio signal, after receiving the radio signal r(t): a. Each of the signal components r ｉ (t) is the carrier wave s ｉ (t) and the spreading code sequence c ｉ Demodulated at (t), the mutual uncertainty function (CAF) Y of each signal component ｋ，ｉ To obtain, b. The CAFY of each signal component ｋ，ｉ Combining these to form the overall CAFΩ ｋ To obtain, c. The total CAFΩ ｋ In the phase delay dimension ρ, the threshold λ(P ＦＡ ) to detect local maximums (10¹, 10²) that exceed this value, d. Based on the maximum values ​​(101, 102) and the distance (103) between the maximum values ​​detected in the phase delay dimension ρ, the data symbols s of the receiving block (11) ｋ Determining the aforementioned index k, Therefore, the data symbol s of the receiving block ｋ The index k is adapted to determine the index k. method.

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