Heating elements, atomizers and electronic atomizing devices

Abstract

To provide a heating element, an atomizer and an electronic atomization device, where the heating element has a low resistance value and can supply a sufficient amount of an atomizable substrate during an atomization process to avoid dry heating.SOLUTION: A heating element 100 includes a porous substrate 110 and a heating film. The heating film has a first sub-film 122 and a second sub-film 124 stacked together. The first sub-film 122 is located on a surface of the porous substrate 110. The first sub-film 122 has a porous structure. The second sub-film 124 is arranged on a side of the first sub-film 122 away from the porous substrate 110. The second sub-film 124 has a porous structure such that a porosity of the second sub-film 124 is less than a porosity of the first sub-film 122, or the second sub-film 124 has a non-porous structure. The heating element 100 has a low resistance value and can supply a sufficient amount of an atomizable substrate during an atomization process so as to avoid dry heating.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of atomizers, and in particular to heating elements, atomizers and electronic atomization devices. [Background technology]

[0002] The heating element includes a porous ceramic substrate and a heating film, the heating film is usually a solid metal film, and the liquid atomization substrate infiltrates the heating film only from the surface of the porous ceramic beside the heating film, so the atomization substrate cannot infiltrate the heating film completely, so that the atomization substrate cannot be supplied in time during the atomization process, and the heating film is easily burned out and the amount of atomization is easily reduced. The means for solving the above problems in the prior art is usually to adopt a porous heating film and use a metal film with a porous structure to generate heat, so that the heating film has a certain liquid-conducting ability and liquid-storing ability, but at the same time, the resistance value of the heating film is higher due to the porous film, which makes it difficult to apply in practice. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a heating element that has a low resistance value and can provide a sufficient supply of atomization substrate during the atomization process to avoid burning out.

[0004] There is also a need to provide atomizers and electronic atomizing devices that include such heating elements. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] A heating element comprising a porous substrate and a heating membrane, the heating membrane including a first sub-membrane and a second sub-membrane arranged in a laminated manner, the first sub-membrane being located on a surface of the porous substrate, the first sub-membrane having a porous structure, the second sub-membrane being arranged on one side of the first sub-membrane away from the porous substrate, the second sub-membrane having a porous structure, and the porosity of the second sub-membrane being smaller than the porosity of the first sub-membrane, or the second sub-membrane having a non-porous structure.

[0006] In one embodiment, the porosity of the first sub-membrane is between 3% and 80%, and / or the average pore size of the first sub-membrane is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, and / or the thickness of the first sub-membrane is between 40 μm and 1000 μm.

[0007] In one embodiment, the second sub-membrane has a porous structure, the porosity of the second sub-membrane is 20% or less, and / or the second sub-membrane has a porous structure, the average pore size of the second sub-membrane is 0.1 mm to 1 mm, and / or the thickness of the second sub-membrane is 2 μm to 50 μm, and / or the thickness of the second sub-membrane is smaller than the thickness of the first sub-membrane.

[0008] In one embodiment, the heat generating membrane further includes a third sub-membrane disposed between the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane, and the third sub-membrane has a porous structure, such that the porosity of the first sub-membrane ≧ the porosity of the third sub-membrane ≧ the porosity of the second sub-membrane.

[0009] In one embodiment, there are multiple third sub-membranes, and the multiple third sub-membranes are stacked in sequence between the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane, and along the direction gradually moving away from the porous substrate, the porosity of the previous third sub-membrane is greater than or equal to the porosity of the subsequent third sub-membrane.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first sub-film and the second sub-film are each independently a metal film or an alloy film.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first sub-film and the second sub-film are each independently selected from one of a nickel film, a titanium film, a nickel-iron alloy film, a nickel-copper alloy film, a nickel-chromium alloy film, and an iron-chromium alloy film.

[0012] In one embodiment, the shape of the first sub-membrane is straight, curved, broken, rectangular, lattice or circular, and / or the orthogonal projection of the second sub-membrane onto the first sub-membrane is within the first sub-membrane.

[0013] In one embodiment, at least some of the pores of the porous substrate communicate with the pores of the first sub-membrane, and / or the porous substrate is a porous ceramic substrate, and / or the porosity of the porous substrate is 25% to 75%, and / or the average pore size of the porous substrate is 5 μm to 40 μm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the porous substrate is at least one of a porous alumina ceramic, a porous silicon dioxide ceramic, a porous silicon carbide ceramic, a porous cordierite ceramic, a porous mullite ceramic, a porous seafoam ceramic, and a porous diatomaceous earth ceramic.

[0015] The atomizer comprises a liquid reservoir for storing a substrate to be atomized and the heating element described above, the heating element being used to heat and atomize the substrate to be atomized in the liquid reservoir.

[0016] An electronic atomization device includes a power assembly and the above atomizer, the power assembly being used to power the atomizer.

[0017] The heating element includes a porous substrate and a heating film, the porous substrate is used to guide the liquid atomization substrate, and the heating film is used to heat and atomize the atomization substrate. The heating film includes a first sub-membrane and a second sub-membrane laminated together, the first sub-membrane is located on the surface of the porous substrate, and the first sub-membrane has a porous structure, and the atomization substrate can be adsorbed from the surface of the substrate to the heating film by capillary action, so that the oil supply is sufficient, a low-temperature atomization effect can be realized, and the air-burning during the atomization process can be avoided. In addition, the inventors have found that when the heating film only includes the first sub-membrane, the resistance value is higher and practical application is difficult. Therefore, by laminating a second sub-membrane with low porosity or a second sub-membrane without holes on the first sub-membrane, the oil supply is sufficient, the atomization effect is improved, and at the same time, the resistance value is reduced, and the heating element can be practically applied. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a heating element according to one embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heating element shown in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an actual diagram of the heating element shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heating element shown in FIG. 3 after being immersed in an atomizing substrate. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a top view of the heating element shown in FIG. 3 after it has been immersed in an atomizing substrate. [Figure 6] 2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the heat generating film in the heat generating element shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 7] 2 is still another schematic diagram of the structure of the heat generating film in the heat generating element shown in FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] In the following, in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more completely with reference to specific embodiments. In the specific embodiments, preferred examples of the present invention are shown. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the present specification are used only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] In this specification, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as implying or suggesting the relative importance or number of the described technical features, whereby a feature qualified with "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature.

[0023] In the description herein, unless expressly and specifically limited otherwise, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc.

[0024] When a range of values ​​is disclosed herein, the range is considered to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, and all values ​​between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when a range refers to an integer, all integers between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range are included. In addition, when a feature or characteristic is described with multiple ranges, the ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein include any and all subranges contained therein.

[0025] An "embodiment" as referred to herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described with reference to the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase in each location in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to separate or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. As can be understood explicitly or implicitly by those skilled in the art, the embodiment described in this specification can be combined with other embodiments.

[0026] 1 and 2, a first aspect of the present invention provides a heating element 100 according to an embodiment. The heating element 100 includes a porous substrate 110 and a heating film 120. The porous substrate 110 is used to guide a liquid atomization substrate, and the heating film 120 is used to heat and atomize the atomization substrate. The heating film 120 is provided on the surface of the porous substrate 110.

[0027] Here, the heat generating film 120 includes a first sub-membrane 122 and a second sub-membrane 124 that are laminated together. The first sub-membrane 122 is located on the surface of the porous substrate 110, and the first sub-membrane 122 has a porous structure.

[0028] The second sub-membrane 124 is laminated to the side of the first sub-membrane 122 away from the porous substrate 110. In some embodiments, the second sub-membrane 124 is a porous structure and the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124 is less than the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122. In other embodiments, the first sub-membrane 122 is a porous structure and the second sub-membrane 124 is a non-porous structure.

[0029] Specifically, the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is 3% to 80%. In a specific example, the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or a range consisting of any two of these values. Furthermore, the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is 5% to 30%.

[0030] The average pore size of the first sub-membrane 122 is 0.1 mm to 5 mm. In a specific example, the average pore size of the first sub-membrane 122 is 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, or a range consisting of any two of these values. Furthermore, the average pore size of the first sub-membrane 122 is 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0031] The thickness of the first sub-film 122 is 40 μm to 1000 μm. In a specific example, the thickness of the first sub-film 122 is 40 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm, 450 μm, 500 μm, 550 μm, 600 μm, 650 μm, 700 μm, 750 μm, 800 μm, 850 μm, 900 μm, 950 μm, 1000 μm, or a range consisting of any two of these values. Furthermore, the thickness of the first sub-film 122 is 60 μm to 400 μm.

[0032] Specifically, the holes on the first sub-membrane 122 may be through holes or thick film holes. In some embodiments, the holes on the first sub-membrane 122 are through holes, and at least some of the holes on the first sub-membrane 122 penetrate the first sub-membrane 122 along the thickness direction of the first sub-membrane 122. In this case, the first sub-membrane 122 may be a steel mesh membrane. In other embodiments, the holes on the first sub-membrane 122 are thick film holes, and in this case, the first sub-membrane 122 may be a silk-printed thick film. As can be understood, the through holes in the present invention refer to through holes that penetrate the thin metal plate and are formed by performing processes such as laser punching, etching, and pressing on the thin metal plate. The consistency of the hole diameter and shape of the through holes is good. The thick film holes in the present invention are porous structures with relatively irregular shapes formed in the thick film. This structure is a relatively irregular porous structure formed in the thick film produced by adding a certain proportion of a pore-forming agent to a raw material slurry and sintering the mixture to form the thick film.

[0033] In some embodiments, the pores of the first sub-membrane 122 are thick membrane pores, and the pore-forming agent used in the process of fabricating the first sub-membrane 122 is selected from at least one of starch, carbon powder, ammonium bicarbonate, PMMA microspheres (polymethylmethacrylate microspheres), PS microspheres (polystyrene microspheres), limestone, dolomite, zeolite, perlite, and pumice.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first sub-film 122 is a metal film or an alloy film. Specifically, the first sub-film 122 is selected from one of a nickel film, a titanium film, a nickel-iron alloy film, a nickel-copper alloy film, a nickel-chromium alloy film, and an iron-chromium alloy film. In a specific example, the first sub-film 122 is selected from one of a porous nickel film, a porous titanium film, a porous nickel-iron alloy film, a porous nickel-copper alloy film, a porous nickel-chromium alloy film, and a porous iron-chromium aluminum alloy film.

[0035] The porosity and average pore size of the first sub-membrane 122 are appropriate, so that the atomization substrate can be better adsorbed onto the heating membrane 120 from the ceramic surface by capillary action, and the oil can be supplied sufficiently. At the same time, the first sub-membrane 122 itself is made of a metal or alloy material with good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, which allows for self-heating or thermal conduction, thereby realizing a good atomization effect and avoiding burning during the atomization process.

[0036] In some embodiments, the second sub-membrane 124 has a porous structure and the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124 is less than the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122. In particular, the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124 is less than or equal to 20%. In one particular example, the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124 is 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0037] The average pore size of the second sub-membrane 124 is 0.1 mm to 1 mm. In a specific example, the average pore size of the second sub-membrane 124 is 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0038] The thickness of the second sub-film 124 is 2 μm to 50 μm. Furthermore, the thickness of the second sub-film 124 is smaller than the thickness of the first sub-film 122. In a specific example, the thickness of the second sub-film 124 is 2 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0039] In one embodiment, the second sub-membrane 124 is thick-membrane pores. The pore-forming agent used in the process of fabricating the second sub-membrane 124 is selected from at least one of starch, carbon powder, ammonium bicarbonate, PMMA microspheres, PS microspheres, limestone, dolomite, zeolite, perlite, and pumice.

[0040] In some other embodiments, the second sub-membrane 124 has a non-porous structure, that is, the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124 is 0. When the second sub-membrane 124 has a non-porous structure, the thickness of the second sub-membrane 124 is very small and the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is higher, so that the atomization substrate can still be adsorbed from the ceramic surface onto the heating membrane 120 by capillary action, the oil supply is sufficient, the atomization effect is good, and the dry burning during the atomization process can be avoided.

[0041] Specifically, the second sub-film 124 is a metal film or an alloy film, and is selected from the group consisting of a nickel film, a titanium film, a nickel-iron alloy film, a nickel-copper alloy film, a nickel-chromium alloy film, and an iron-chromium alloy film.

[0042] It is understood that the materials of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 may be the same or different, and the materials of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 are not limited to metals or alloys, but may be other materials such as conductive ceramics that can heat and atomize the atomization substrate, as long as the parameters of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, such as porosity and average pore size, meet the above requirements.

[0043] By providing the second sub-membrane 124 with low porosity or no pores, it is possible to ensure sufficient oil supply and good atomization effect, and at the same time, it can play a role in reducing the resistance value. Experiments have proven that when the heating film 120 includes only the first sub-membrane 122, the resistance value is 2Ω to 3Ω, which is difficult to match with the battery and to use, while when the heating film 120 includes the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, the resistance value can be 0.8Ω to 1.4Ω, which can be used satisfactorily. In addition, by providing the second sub-membrane 124, it is also possible to reduce liquid explosion. When the heating film 120 includes only the first sub-membrane 122, the decibels of liquid explosion are 70db, and when the heating film 120 includes the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, the decibels of liquid explosion are significantly reduced.

[0044] In some embodiments, the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is between 3% and 80%, and the average pore size is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm. The porosity of the second sub-membrane 124 is less than 20%, and the average pore size of the second sub-membrane 124 is between 0.1 mm and 1 mm. The porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is greater than the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124.

[0045] The inventors have analyzed and found the following: The first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 have different porosities, so that they have different resistance characteristics, and the matching between the heating membrane 120 and the battery is realized to achieve good resistance value characteristics. At the same time, the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 is larger than that of the second sub-membrane 124, so that the amount of liquid stored in the first sub-membrane 122 is larger than that of the second sub-membrane 124, so that in the atomization process, the amount of liquid stored in the outermost second sub-membrane 124 is smaller, and the stored liquid can be quickly heated and atomized under the same heating power, so that the formation of a thicker liquid film on its surface can be avoided, and furthermore, the liquid explosion caused by the bursting of the thicker liquid film in the atomization process can be avoided. In addition, the first sub-membrane 122 has a higher porosity and good heat generation and / or heat conduction capabilities, thereby ensuring continuous and reliable liquid supply and avoiding burning out due to lack of liquid during the atomization process.

[0046] Specifically, the porous substrate 110 is a porous ceramic substrate. Porous ceramic is chemically stable, does not chemically react with the atomizing substrate, and can withstand high temperatures and is not deformed by heating at too high a temperature. Therefore, in this embodiment, the porous substrate 110 is preferably a porous ceramic substrate. It can be understood that the porous substrate 110 is not limited to porous ceramic, and may be other porous materials, such as a porous glass substrate, a porous plastic substrate, a porous metal substrate, and the like.

[0047] In one embodiment, the porous substrate 110 is at least one of a porous alumina ceramic, a porous silicon dioxide ceramic, a porous silicon carbide ceramic, a porous cordierite ceramic, a porous mullite ceramic, a porous seafoam ceramic, and a porous diatomaceous earth ceramic.

[0048] Furthermore, at least a portion of the pores of the porous substrate 110 communicate with the pores of the first sub-membrane 122. By adopting such a design, the atomized substrate can be guided to the first sub-membrane 122 better.

[0049] Specifically, the porosity of the porous substrate 110 is 25% to 75%. In a specific example, the porosity of the porous substrate 110 is 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, or a range consisting of any two of these values. The magnitude of the porosity of the porous substrate 110 may be adjusted according to the composition of the atomization substrate, for example, when the viscosity of the atomization substrate is higher, a higher porosity is selected to ensure the liquid guide effect.

[0050] The average pore size of the porous substrate 110 is 5 μm to 40 μm. In a specific example, the average pore size of the porous substrate 110 is 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, or a range consisting of any two of these values.

[0051] The porous substrate 110 having the above pore size and porosity has uniform liquid permeability and good atomization effect.

[0052] Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is an actual view of the heating element 100 shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heating element 100 shown in Fig. 3 after it has been immersed in an atomization substrate, and Fig. 5 is a top view of the heating element 100 shown in Fig. 3 after it has been immersed in an atomization substrate.

[0053] In the above drawings, only one schematic diagram of the heating element 100 is shown, and in the drawings, the shapes of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 in the heating film 120 are both curved. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the shapes of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 are not limited to curved, and can be linear, folded, rectangular, lattice or ring, and the specific shapes can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0054] In some embodiments, the orthogonal projection of the second sub-membrane 124 onto the first sub-membrane 122 is within the first sub-membrane 122. For example, in one specific example, the shapes of the second sub-membrane 124 and the first sub-membrane 122 are completely identical, and the second sub-membrane 124 completely covers the first sub-membrane 122.

[0055] In another specific example, the area of ​​the second sub-membrane 124 is smaller than that of the first sub-membrane 122, and the second sub-membrane 124 covers a part of the first sub-membrane 122. Specifically, the second sub-membrane 124 may be located at the middle or non-middle position of the first sub-membrane 122. When the second sub-membrane 124 is located at the middle position of the first sub-membrane 122, the liquid supply is uniform and reliable, and the burning out can be avoided. At the same time, the resistance is improved well, and the resistance is uniform and highly consistent, so that the local resistance is not consistent, and the local resistance is excessively large during use, and the disconnection due to thermal shock is avoided. In addition, when the second sub-membrane 124 has a relatively low resistivity, a larger current density, and more heat generated, and is located at the middle, the heat can be dissipated uniformly through the first sub-membrane 122, so the distribution of the heat generation / thermal field is more uniform, and the burning out due to local high temperature is avoided. Additionally, the first sub-membrane 122 can also serve to pre-heat the atomization substrate.

[0056] When the second sub-membrane 124 is located at a non-intermediate position of the first sub-membrane 122, it can be flexibly arranged according to the heating circuit, and the heat generation amount or thermal field distribution in different regions can be adjusted according to specific needs. The above-mentioned effect can be achieved by simply adjusting the second sub-membrane 124 without needing to adjust the position of the first sub-membrane 122.

[0057] As shown in Figures 3 and 5, in this embodiment, the area of ​​the second sub-membrane 124 is smaller than that of the first sub-membrane 122, and the second sub-membrane 124 covers a part of the first sub-membrane 122. After being immersed in the atomization substrate, the thickness of the liquid film on the surface of the heating film 120 is smaller than that of the liquid film at other positions. That is, the atomization substrate forms a liquid film with a gradient thickness on the atomization surface of the heating element 100. The liquid film with a gradient thickness can achieve a good atomization effect and reduce liquid explosion.

[0058] In one embodiment, the fabrication steps of the heating element 100 include printing the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 onto the porous substrate 110 by screen printing, followed by vacuum sintering.

[0059] Specifically, first, one layer of the first sub-membrane 122 is printed on the porous substrate 110 by screen printing, and then the second sub-membrane 124 is printed on the first sub-membrane 122 in a superimposed manner, and the line width of the second sub-membrane 124 is equal to or less than the line width of the first sub-membrane 122. In a specific example, the line width of the first sub-membrane 122 is 0.2 mm to 1 mm, and the line width of the second sub-membrane 124 is 0.2 mm to 1 mm. It can be understood that, although only one example of the line width of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 is given above, the line width of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124 is not limited thereto, and may be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0060] Referring to FIG. 6, in some embodiments, the heat generating membrane 120 further includes a third sub-membrane 126, which is disposed between the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, and the third sub-membrane 126 has a porous structure, and the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122≧the porosity of the third sub-membrane 126≧the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124.

[0061] For example, in one specific example, the porosity of the third sub-membrane 126 is the same as the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122, and in another specific example, the porosity of the third sub-membrane 126 is the same as the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124. In another specific example, the porosity of the third sub-membrane 126 is intermediate between the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122 and the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124.

[0062] 7, there are multiple third sub-membranes 126, and the multiple third sub-membranes 126 are stacked in sequence between the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, with the porosity of the preceding third sub-membrane 126 being equal to or greater than the porosity of the succeeding third sub-membrane 126 along the direction gradually moving away from the porous substrate 110. Specifically, in FIG. 7, the direction gradually moving away from the porous substrate 110 refers to the direction from bottom to top.

[0063] For example, there are two, three, four, etc. third sub-membranes 126. The porosities of the multiple third sub-membranes 126 may be the same or different, but the porosities of the multiple third sub-membranes 126 decrease or are constant along the direction gradually moving away from the porous substrate 110. In a specific example, there are two third sub-membranes 126, and the porosities of the two third sub-membranes 126 decrease along the direction gradually moving away from the porous substrate 110. In another specific example, there are two third sub-membranes 126, and the porosities of the two third sub-membranes 126 are the same, are the same as the porosity of the first sub-membrane 122, or are the same as the porosity of the second sub-membrane 124, or are interposed between the porosities of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124. As can be appreciated, when there are three, four or any other number of third sub-membranes 126, the porosity of the plurality of third sub-membranes 126 can be set as described above.

[0064] Specifically, the third sub-film 126 is a metal film or an alloy film. Specifically, the third sub-film 126 is selected from one of a nickel film, a titanium film, a nickel-iron alloy film, a nickel-copper alloy film, a nickel-chromium alloy film, and an iron-chromium alloy film. In a specific example, the third sub-film 126 is selected from one of a porous nickel film, a porous titanium film, a porous nickel-iron alloy film, a porous nickel-copper alloy film, a porous nickel-chromium alloy film, and a porous iron-chromium aluminum alloy film.

[0065] In some embodiments, the third sub-membrane 126 is a thick membrane pore, and the pore-forming agent used in the process of fabricating the third sub-membrane 126 is selected from at least one of starch, carbon powder, ammonium bicarbonate, PMMA microspheres (polymethylmethacrylate microspheres), PS microspheres (polystyrene microspheres), limestone, dolomite, zeolite, perlite, and pumice.

[0066] It is also understood that the material of the third sub-membrane 126 may be the same as or different from the materials of the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124. In addition, the material of the third sub-membrane 126 is not limited to metal or alloy, but may be other materials such as conductive ceramics that can heat and atomize the atomization substrate, as long as the porosity of the third sub-membrane 126 satisfies the above requirements.

[0067] By providing a third sub-membrane 126 between the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, the thickness of the heating film 120 is increased and the atomized substrate is guided onto the heating film 120 by capillary action to avoid burning out, and furthermore, the film can withstand high-power batteries.

[0068] When the heating film 120 further includes a third sub-film 126, the orthogonal projection of the third sub-film 126 onto the first sub-film 122 is within the first sub-film 122, and the orthogonal projection of the second sub-film 124 onto the third sub-film 126 is within the third sub-film 126.

[0069] In this case, the manufacturing steps of the heating element 100 include printing the first sub-membrane 122, the third sub-membrane 126, and the second sub-membrane 124 sequentially on the porous substrate 110 by a screen printing method, followed by vacuum sintering.

[0070] Specifically, first, one layer of the first sub-membrane 122 is printed on the porous substrate 110 by screen printing, and then the third sub-membrane 126 is printed on top of the first sub-membrane 122, with the line width of the third sub-membrane 126 being equal to or smaller than that of the first sub-membrane 122. Next, the second sub-membrane 124 is printed on top of the third sub-membrane 126, with the line width of the second sub-membrane 124 being equal to or smaller than that of the third sub-membrane 126. In a specific example, the line width of the first sub-membrane 122 is 0.2 mm to 1 mm, the line width of the third sub-membrane 126 is 0.2 mm to 1 mm, and the line width of the second sub-membrane 124 is 0.2 mm to 1 mm. It can be understood that the above only gives one example of the line widths of the first sub-film 122, the third sub-film 126, and the second sub-film 124, but the line widths of the first sub-film 122, the third sub-film 126, and the second sub-film 124 are not limited thereto and may be adjusted according to actual circumstances.

[0071] When there are multiple third submembranes 126, along a direction away from the porous substrate 110, an orthogonal projection of a subsequent third submembrane 126 onto a previous third submembrane 126 lies within the previous third submembrane 126. An orthogonal projection of the second submembrane 124 onto the last third submembrane 126 lies within the last third submembrane 126.

[0072] The heating element 100 of this embodiment has at least the following advantages. (1) The heating element 100 includes a porous substrate 110 and a heating film 120, the porous substrate 110 is used to guide the atomization substrate, and the heating film 120 is used to heat and atomize the atomization substrate. The heating film 120 includes a first sub-film 122 and a second sub-film 124 laminated together, the first sub-film 122 is located on the surface of the porous substrate 110, and the first sub-film 122 can better adsorb the atomization substrate from the ceramic surface onto the heating film 120 through capillary action, so as to fully supply oil, achieve low-temperature atomization effect, and avoid burning during the atomization process. In addition, the inventors discovered that when the heating film 120 includes only the first sub-membrane 122, the resistance value is higher, making practical application difficult. Therefore, the inventors found that by laminating a second sub-membrane 124 having low porosity or a non-porous second sub-membrane 124 on the first sub-membrane 122, it is possible to ensure sufficient oil supply and good atomization effect, while at the same time reducing the resistance value and enabling practical application of the heating element 100. (2) The second sub-membrane 124 of the heating element 100 can also play a role in reducing liquid explosion. Experiments have proven that when the heating film 120 includes only the first sub-membrane 122, the decibels of the liquid explosion are 70db, and when the heating film 120 includes the first sub-membrane 122 and the second sub-membrane 124, the decibels of the liquid explosion are significantly reduced. (3) The heating film 120 of the heating element 100 may further include at least one third sub-film 126, which increases the thickness of the heating film 120 and guides the atomized substrate onto the heating film 120 by capillary action to avoid burning out, and also makes the heating film 120 withstand high-power batteries.

[0073] The second aspect of the present invention provides an atomizer of an embodiment, the atomizer includes a liquid reservoir and a heating element, the liquid reservoir is used to store an atomization substrate, and the heating element is used to heat and atomize the atomization substrate in the liquid reservoir. The heating element is the heating element of the above embodiment, and is not described here repeatedly.

[0074] Specifically, the atomizer is used to atomize an atomization substrate to generate an aerosol, and is used in different fields, such as medical care, electronic aerosolization devices, etc. In one embodiment, the atomizer may be used in an electronic aerosolization device that atomizes an atomization substrate to generate an aerosol that is inhaled by an inhaler. For example, the atomizer may be used in an electronic cigarette. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the atomizer may be further applied to, but is not limited to, a medical device for treating upper and lower respiratory tract diseases by atomizing medical drugs, etc.

[0075] The atomizer can provide sufficient oil supply during the atomization process, achieve low-temperature atomization effect, and avoid dry burning during the atomization process.

[0076] The third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic atomization device according to an embodiment. The electronic atomization device includes a power supply assembly and an atomizer, and the power supply assembly is used to power the atomizer. The atomizer is the atomizer according to the above embodiment, and is not described here repeatedly. In a specific example, the power supply assembly includes a battery for powering the atomizer and a controller for controlling the operation of the atomizer.

[0077] In one embodiment, the electronic atomizer may be an electronic cigarette.

[0078] The electronic atomizer described above can provide sufficient oil supply during the atomization process, achieve low-temperature atomization effect, and avoid burning out during the atomization process.

[0079] In order to clarify the object and advantages of the present invention, the heating element of the present invention and its effects will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and do not limit the present invention.

[0080] Example 1 This embodiment provides a heating element including a porous substrate and a heating film. The porous substrate is a porous cordierite ceramic, and the porous substrate has an average pore size of 8-15 μm, a porosity of 50%, and a thickness of 4 mm. The heating film includes a first sub-membrane and a second sub-membrane that are laminated together. The first sub-membrane is located on the surface of the porous substrate, and is made of a nickel-iron alloy film. The first sub-membrane has an average pore size of 1 mm, a porosity of 35%, and a thickness of 500 μm. The second sub-membrane is provided on one side of the first sub-membrane that is away from the porous substrate, and is made of a nickel-iron alloy film. The second sub-membrane has an average pore size of 0.2 mm, a porosity of 22%, and a thickness of 30 μm. In this embodiment, the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane are both silk-printed thick films. At the same time, the porous structures of the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane are both thick film pores.

[0081] Example 2 This embodiment provides a heating element including a porous substrate and a heating membrane. The porous substrate is a porous silicon dioxide ceramic, and the porous substrate has an average pore size of 20 to 25 μm, a porosity of 60%, and a thickness of 3 mm. The heating membrane includes a first sub-membrane and a second sub-membrane that are laminated together. The first sub-membrane is located on the surface of the porous substrate and is made of a nickel-chromium alloy membrane, and the first sub-membrane has an average pore size of 0.5 mm, a porosity of 20%, and a thickness of 150 μm. The second sub-membrane is located on one side of the first sub-membrane away from the porous substrate and is made of a nickel-chromium alloy membrane, and the second sub-membrane has an average pore size of 0.2 mm, a porosity of 10%, and a thickness of 10 μm. In this embodiment, all the holes in the first sub-membrane penetrate the first sub-membrane along its thickness direction, the first sub-membrane is made of a dense metal sheet, and the holes thereon are made by laser, etching, pressing, etc., the porous structure of the second sub-membrane is a thick film hole, and the second sub-membrane is made on the surface of the first sub-membrane by screen printing.

[0082] Example 3 This embodiment provides a heating element having a structure similar to that of the heating element of embodiment 1, with the difference being that the heating membrane of this embodiment further includes a third sub-membrane between the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane, and the material of the third sub-membrane is iron chromium aluminum, with an average pore size of 0.1 mm, a porosity of 2%, and a thickness of 5 μm.

[0083] Example 4 This embodiment provides a heating element similar in structure to that of the heating element of embodiment 1, with the difference that the second sub-membrane is of non-porous structure.

[0084] Example 5 This example provides a heating element similar in structure to that of Example 1, with the difference being that the porosity of the second sub-membrane is 5%.

[0085] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides a heating element including a porous substrate and a heating film. The porous substrate is a porous silicon dioxide ceramic, has an average pore size of 15 μm, a porosity of 60%, and a thickness of 4 mm. The heating film is a non-porous nickel-chromium metal film, and has a thickness of 500 μm.

[0086] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 provides a heating element similar in structure to that of Example 1, with the difference being that the heating film only includes the first sub-film without including the second sub-film.

[0087] A burnout resistance test was conducted on the heating elements of the above examples and comparative examples, and the test data shown in the following Table 1 was obtained. Here, in the burnout resistance test, a ceramic atomization core was attached to a smoke bomb, and the number of puffs until burnout occurred during the mechanical suction process was measured.

[0088] [Table 1]

[0089] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined in any manner, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above have been described; however, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0090] The above-described examples merely illustrate some embodiments of the present invention to facilitate a specific and detailed understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can make some modifications and improvements within the scope of the present application without departing from the idea of ​​the present application. It should be noted that, based on the technical solutions provided by the present invention, the technical solutions obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experiments are all within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention should be according to the content of the attached claims, and the specification and the attached drawings are for interpreting the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A heating element comprising a porous substrate and a heating film, the heat generating film includes a first sub-film and a second sub-film which are laminated together, the first sub-film is located on a surface of the porous substrate, and the first sub-film has a porous structure; the second sub-membrane is disposed on one side of the first sub-membrane remote from the porous substrate; the second sub-membrane has a porous structure, and the porosity of the second sub-membrane is smaller than the porosity of the first sub-membrane, or the second sub-membrane has a non-porous structure; Both the first sub-film and the second sub-film have a heat generating function. A heating element characterized by:

2. the porosity of the first sub-membrane is between 3% and 80%; and / or the first sub-membrane has an average pore size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm; and / or The thickness of the first sub-film is between 40 μm and 1000 μm. The heating element according to claim 1 .

3. the second sub-membrane is a porous structure, the porosity of the second sub-membrane being 20% ​​or less; and / or the second sub-membrane has a porous structure, and the average pore size of the second sub-membrane is between 0.1 mm and 1 mm; and / or the thickness of the second sub-film is between 2 μm and 50 μm; and / or The thickness of the second sub-film is less than the thickness of the first sub-film. The heating element according to claim 1 .

4. The heat generating membrane further includes a third sub-membrane provided between the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane, and the third sub-membrane has a porous structure, and the porosity of the first sub-membrane ≧ the porosity of the third sub-membrane ≧ the porosity of the second sub-membrane. The heating element according to claim 1 .

5. The third sub-membrane is provided in a plurality of layers, the plurality of third sub-membranes being stacked in order between the first sub-membrane and the second sub-membrane, and the porosity of the preceding third sub-membrane is equal to or greater than the porosity of the succeeding third sub-membrane along a direction gradually moving away from the porous substrate. The heating element according to claim 4 .

6. The first sub-film and the second sub-film are each independently a metal film or an alloy film. The heating element according to claim 1 .

7. The first sub-film and the second sub-film are each independently selected from one of a nickel film, a titanium film, a nickel-iron alloy film, a nickel-copper alloy film, a nickel-chromium alloy film, and an iron-chromium alloy film. The heating element according to claim 6 .

8. The shape of the first sub-membrane is linear, curved, bent, rectangular, lattice, or annular, and / or The orthogonal projection of the second sub-membrane onto the first sub-membrane is in the first sub-membrane. The heating element according to claim 1 .

9. At least some of the pores of the porous substrate communicate with the pores of the first sub-membrane; and / or the porous substrate is a porous ceramic substrate; and / or The porosity of the porous substrate is between 25% and 75%; and / or The average pore size of the porous substrate is 5 μm to 40 μm. The heating element according to claim 1 .

10. The porous substrate is at least one of a porous alumina ceramic, a porous silicon dioxide ceramic, a porous silicon carbide ceramic, a porous cordierite ceramic, a porous mullite ceramic, a porous seafoam ceramic, and a porous diatomaceous earth ceramic. The heating element according to claim 9 .

11. A liquid storage container for storing a substrate to be atomized and a heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the heating element being used to heat and atomize the substrate to be atomized in the liquid storage container. An atomizer characterized by:

12. A power supply assembly and an atomizer according to claim 11, the power supply assembly being adapted to power the atomizer. An electronic atomization device characterized by:

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