Opening opening opening / closing device and opening opening opening opening method

Abstract

To provide an opening / closing device for an opening part allowing its disassembly, transportation, and assembly to be easily carried out, and burden of operators to be reduced as well as their enough safety to be secured without requiring up / down operation at a position deviated from a center of gravity of an object to be lifted.SOLUTION: An opening / closing device 10 for an opening part is installed in a way of surrounding the opening part H by being assembled easily by being combined with a plurality of members as an up / down motion device 40 including: a pair of right / left main guide frames 11a, 11b; extension guide frames 12a, 12b; two end frames 16a, 16b placed longitudinally; a pair of handrails 20a, 20b and a depth side handrail 20c; a pair of right / left up / down motion bases 41a, 41b sliding on the guide frames; up / down motion mechanisms 43 to 53; and a handle 25 and right / left supporting columns 26 thereof. Simply pushing and pulling the handle 25 through operating the up / down motion mechanism 43 to 53 by an operator W allow the opening part H to be opened / closed through lifting and moving cover lids 31a to 31d easily and safely without their deviation from their gravity centers.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] An embodiment of the present invention relates to an opening ... [Background technology]

[0002] For example, in plant construction work, when transporting heavy objects (objects to be transported) such as electrical equipment between upper and lower floors of a building, an opening in the upper floor that leads to the lower floor may be used as the entrance or exit for the object to be transported.

[0003] The opening has a size necessary for loading and unloading the objects to be transported, for example, approximately 2500 mm wide and 2000 mm deep. When the opening is not in use, it is covered with a cover made of a thick steel plate or similar large enough to completely cover the opening, ensuring the safety of passers-by, including workers.

[0004] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of cover lids 31a to 31d that cover an opening H of a floor F and a conventional operation for opening and closing the cover lids 31a to 31d. FIG. 12 is a view of FIG. 11 rotated 90 degrees and seen from the right side.

[0005] To load or unload an object to be transported, first, the cover covers 31a to 31d for the opening H are lifted one by one using a hoist CR that is previously hung from a ceiling hook T directly above the opening H, and the lifted cover (for example, 31a) is lowered onto a cart or the like placed near the opening H and moved to the designated position, and the opening H is then opened.

[0006] After the transport object has been carried in or out, the cover lids 31a to 31d that have been moved to their predetermined positions must be returned one by one to the opening H in the reverse order, and the opening H must be closed.

[0007] 11 and 12, if the ceiling hook T from which the hoist CR is hung does not have the function of moving horizontally, each of the cover lids 31a to 31d cannot be lifted up from directly above the center of gravity. Therefore, the worker W pulls the hoist CR hung from the ceiling hook T up above the cover lid to be lifted (e.g., 31a) by using a rope or the like connected to the top of the hoist CR, and performs the lifting work of the cover lid 31a.

[0008] However, because the weight of the cover 31a acts on the hoist CR to return it to directly below the ceiling hook T, for example, the cover 31a being lifted may rub against and get caught on an adjacent cover (31b in this case), making it impossible to remove the cover 31a from the opening H. Not only that, but the moment the cover 31a is removed, it may swing sideways and become violent, or the worker W may be drawn toward the opening H.

[0009] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a cover 31 that covers an opening H of a floor F in one piece, and a conventional operation for opening and closing the cover 31.

[0010] 11 and 12, the opening H is often covered with a plurality of cover lids 31a to 31d, but as shown in FIG. 13, even if there is only one cover lid 31, the cover lid 31 hoisted by the hoist CR must be moved above a cart or the like placed near the opening H and lowered. In this case, too, the worker W must pull in the hoist CR hoisting the cover lid 31 with a rope or the like as described above, which may cause the cover lid 31 to swing sideways and become violent, or the worker W to be pulled in the direction of the opening H.

[0011] In addition, when working near the opening H, there is a risk that the worker W may fall through the opening H. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0012] [Patent Document 1] JP 2008-280814 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0013] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide an opening opening / closing device and an opening opening / closing method that can be disassembled and easily transported and assembled, and that does not require lifting work to be performed at a position offset from the center of gravity of the object to be lifted, thereby reducing the burden on workers and ensuring sufficient safety. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] The opening / closing device of the embodiment includes: A pair of main guide frames are arranged in parallel along one side and the other side of an opening provided in a floor in a planar direction, the pair of main guide frames having a groove that is longer than at least a first length of the opening in a direction along the parallel arrangement and that opens upward in the direction of the length; a pair of extension guide frames detachably connected to one ends of the pair of main guide frames in a direction corresponding to the first length of the opening, the extension guide frames having a length at least greater than the first length of the opening and a groove extending the groove of the main guide frames; a first end frame and a second end frame which are detachably provided between the other ends of the pair of main guide frames and between the one ends of the pair of extension guide frames, the first end frame and the second end frame having a length corresponding to a width of the pair of main guide frames arranged side by side; a pair of lifting bases arranged in a groove continuing between the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on one side and a groove continuing between the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on the other side, the pair of lifting bases being slidable along the grooves; a lifting mechanism that is detachably provided across the upper surfaces of the pair of lifting bases and lifts and lowers the cover of the opening at at least two points in a direction corresponding to the space between the pair of lifting bases; a handle mechanism for the lifting base, which is detachably provided between the pair of lifting bases and moves both of the pair of lifting bases along grooves that are continuous with the main guide frames and the extension guide frames on the one side and the other side; 、 Each of the pair of main guide frames and the pair of extension guide frames is provided with a sheet-like first sliding member on the bottom surface of a groove, the sheet-like first sliding member having a friction coefficient that allows the pair of lifting bases to slide along the groove. . [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of an opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 3 is a partial enlarged view showing the mechanisms of the parts required for assembling the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion. [Diagram 3] 1 is a perspective view showing an external configuration when the lifting and lowering device 40 of the opening / closing device 10 for opening an opening portion is used by moving it by sliding. [Figure 4] 1 is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the lifting and lowering device 40 of the opening / closing device 10 for opening an opening portion when it is used by moving it using wheels. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of each part required for assembling the lifting and moving device 40. [Figure 6] 4 is a diagram showing an example of a method for raising and lowering a lifting column 45 or a steel bridge member 49 by a pantograph jack 46 of a lifting and moving device 40. FIG. [Figure 7] 1 is a perspective view showing the external configuration of a transport device 20 used in combination with the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion. [Figure 8A] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the external configuration of a transport device 20 combined with the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion. [Figure 8B] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the external configuration of a transport device 20 combined with the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion. [Figure 9] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing, in a simplified manner, the steps of opening and closing an opening H in a floor F on which an opening ... [Figure 10] 1 is a simplified diagram showing the steps of carrying in and out a heavy object (object to be transported) 33 through an opening H in a floor F on which an opening ... [Figure 11]1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a plurality of cover lids 31a to 31d that cover an opening H of a floor F and conventional opening and closing operations of the cover lids 31a to 31d. [Figure 12] Figure 11 rotated 90 degrees and seen from the right side. [Figure 13] 1 is a diagram illustrating a cover 31 that covers an opening H in a floor F in one piece, and the conventional opening and closing operation of the cover 31. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an opening portion opening / closing device and an opening portion opening / closing method according to embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the opening / closing device and opening / closing method of the embodiment are configured in part using an opening opening / closing device and opening / closing method applied for by the same applicant (Patent Application No. 2019-098518: filed on May 27, 2019).

[0017] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the external configuration of an opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion according to an embodiment.

[0018] FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view showing the mechanisms of the various parts required for assembling the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion.

[0019] FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the external configuration when the lifting and lowering device 40 of the opening and closing device 10 for opening an opening portion is used by moving it by sliding.

[0020] FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the external configuration when the lifting and lowering device 40 of the opening and closing device 10 for opening an opening portion is moved by wheels for use.

[0021] FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of each part required for assembling the lifting and moving device 40. As shown in FIG.

[0022] The opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion is installed by, for example, two workers W by assembling a plurality of members at a position surrounding, for example, a rectangular opening portion H provided on a floor F of an upper floor.

[0023] The operation of installing the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion on the floor F is performed in a state where the opening portion H is covered with the cover lids 31a to 31d (objects to be lifted).

[0024] In Figure 1, the size of opening H is assumed to be, for example, 1500 mm deep (first length) x 2500 mm wide (second length), and the opening opening opening / closing device 10 is assumed to have the lower right side of the figure, away from opening H in its longitudinal direction, as the front side, and the upper left side of the figure, closer to opening H, as the back side, and the size of the entire device 10 is assumed to be, for example, 3000 mm wide x 5000 mm deep.

[0025] First, a pair of main guide frames 11a, 11b are placed along the left and right sides of the width of the opening H. The main guide frames 11a, 11b are made of, for example, C-shaped steel material with a length of 3000 mm, and with their inner ends positioned slightly beyond the depth of the opening H, the back surface of the C-shape of the C-shaped steel material is placed in contact with the floor F and the opening (groove) of the C-shape is placed facing upward.

[0026] Extension guide frames 12a, 12b, which are made of the same C-shaped steel material as the main guide frames 11a, 11b and have a length of, for example, 2000 mm, are connected to and disposed at the front ends of the main guide frames 11a, 11b.

[0027] As shown in an enlarged view in Figure 2(A), the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extension guide frames 12a, 12b are connected by placing rectangular, flat guide frame connecting plates 13a1, 13a2, 13b1, 13b2 between both side surfaces of the front ends of the main guide frames 11a, 11b and both side surfaces of the rear ends of the extension guide frames 12a, 12b, and tightening and fixing the guide frame connecting plates 13a1, 13a2, 13b1, 13b2 on the main guide frames 11a, 11b side and the extension guide frames 12a, 12b side using bolts 14 and nuts 15.

[0028] In addition, the bolts 14 that tighten and fix the guide frame connecting plates 13a1, 13a2, 13b1, 13b2 to the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extension guide frames 12a, 12b are inserted from the inner side to the outer side of the C-shape of each guide frame 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b and tightened into nuts 15, so that the heads of the bolts 14 fit within the arc-shaped space of the C-shape of each guide frame 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b.

[0029] For this reason, the head of the bolt 14 does not hit and get in the way of the lifting bases 41a, 41b (see Figures 1, 3 and 5) of the lifting and moving device 40 and the loading bases 23a, 23b (see Figures 7, 8A and 8B) of the transporting device 20, which move by sliding along the C-shaped bottom surfaces of each guide frame 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, as described below.

[0030] The rear ends of the main guide frames 11a, 11b, which form the rear side of the opening opening / closing device 10, and the front ends of the extended guide frames 12a, 12b, which form the front side of the opening opening / closing device 10, are connected by first and second end frames 16a, 16b, respectively, whose lengths slightly exceed the width of the opening H.

[0031] The first and second end frames 16a, 16b each have a flange portion formed by bending a portion of both ends in the same direction into an L shape, and each flange portion is fastened and fixed to the side surfaces of the rear ends of the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the front ends of the extended guide frames 12a, 12b by bolts 17 and nuts 18, respectively, thereby connecting the rear ends of the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the front ends of the extended guide frames 12a, 12b, respectively, and thereby forming the outer frame of the opening opening / closing device 10.

[0032] A first sliding member 19 having the same shape as the bottom surfaces of the main guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b and configured in a sheet shape is fixedly provided on the bottom surfaces of the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extension guide frames 12a, 12b.

[0033] The first sliding member 19 allows the lifting bases 41a, 41b of the lifting / moving device 40 and the loading bases 23a, 23b of the transport device 20 to be described later to easily move along the bottom surfaces of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, and is made of a material having a friction coefficient that allows sliding with the lifting bases 41a, 41b and the loading bases 23a, 23b. In other words, the sliding member 19 constitutes a sliding member for the lifting bases 41a, 41b and the loading bases 23a, 23b to slide along the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b.

[0034] The friction coefficient of the first sliding member 19 may be determined by the material constituting the sliding member 19, or may be determined by the shape of the sliding member 19, or may be determined by a combination of these. For example, a slider board (manufactured by Daisan Co., Ltd.) is used as the sliding member 19.

[0035] In addition, in Figure 2, for the sake of convenience, the various members 43 to 53 constituting the lifting mechanism provided on the lifting bases 41a and 41b of the lifting and moving device 40 shown in Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 are omitted.

[0036] Left and right (first and second) handrails 20a, 20b, each having a height of, for example, 1000 mm, are removably provided on the left side surface of one main guide frame 11a, which corresponds to the left side surface of the opening opening / closing device 10, and on the right side surface of the other main guide frame 11b, which corresponds to the right side surface of the opening opening / closing device 10, and furthermore, a rear (third) handrail 20c, each having a height of, for example, 1000 mm, is removably provided between the left side surface of the rear end portion of one main guide frame 11a and the right side surface of the rear end portion of the other main guide frame 11b.

[0037] The left and right (first and second) handrails 20a, 20b and the rear (third) handrail 20c are all erected by inserting the tip of each support 21 of each handrail 20a, 20b, 20c into the support insertion portion 22B of a one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 22 which is fixed to the side of the main guide frames 11a, 11b by welding or the like, as shown in Figure 2 (A), for example.

[0038] The one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 22 has, for example, a lock pin 22R that can be inserted and removed by penetrating one side of the pillar insertion portion 22B. By inserting a pillar 21, which has a lock hole at its tip into which the lock pin 22R fits, into the pillar insertion portion 22B and inserting the lock pin 22R, the pillars 21 of each handrail 20a, 20b, 20c are fixed in an upright position along the side of the main guide frames 11a, 11b, and are attached as the left and right handrails 20a, 20b and the rear handrail 20c.

[0039] (Configuration of the lifting and moving device 40) In the lifting and moving device 40, first, a pair of lifting bases 41a, 41b having a rectangular cross section and a prismatic shape are placed on the bottom surface of the extended guide frames 12a, 12b after the pair of main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extended guide frames 12a, 12b are connected. The lifting and moving device 40 has a width corresponding to the width of the C-shaped openings of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, a height slightly exceeding the height of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, and a length (here, 600 mm) that exceeds the depth of at least one of the cover covers 31a to 31d, for example.

[0040] The lifting bases 41a, 41b are constructed using, for example, hard wood, and the bottom surface of a C-shaped opening (groove) that continues in a straight line from the main guide frames 11a, 11b to the extension guide frames 12a, 12b serves as a movement path for the lifting bases 41a, 41b, which are guided by each of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, and are configured to be movable along the movement path.

[0041] As shown in Figure 5, the undersides of the lifting bases 41a, 41b have recesses corresponding to the plate surface shapes of the sliding plate 42 and the carriage plate 42M, into which the sliding plate 42 and the carriage plate 42M each fit freely, with their undersides exposed, allowing them to be freely attached, detached, and replaceable.

[0042] On the lower surface of the sliding plate 42, a second sliding member 19S similar to the sheet-like first sliding member 19 provided on the bottom surface of each of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b is provided.

[0043] The second sliding member 19S provided on the underside of the sliding board 42 has chamfered portions on the ridges of the outer edges of its rear and front ends, so that even if there is a slight step at the boundary of the bottom surface (travel path) continuing from the main guide frames 11a, 11b to the extension guide frames 12a, 12b, the chamfered portions allow the sliding member 19S to ride over the step.

[0044] This makes it possible to prevent the movement of the lift bases 41a, 41b between the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extension guide frames 12a, 12b from being restricted by a step.

[0045] Meanwhile, swivel wheels K are provided at two locations, one at the rear side and one at the front side, on the underside of the carriage plate 42M. When the carriage plate 42M is attached to the lifting bases 41a, 41b, the lifting movement device 40 can move freely on the floor F in response to the operation of the worker W, without needing each of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, as shown in FIG.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a handle 25 is detachably provided on the front end of the lifting bases 41a, 41b via the left and right pillars 26 for simultaneously moving the lifting bases 41a, 41b along the movement paths of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b by the operation of the worker W (handle mechanism for the lifting base).

[0047] The handle 25 is erected by inserting the tip ends of the left and right supports 26 into support insertion portions of a one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 27 fixed to the front ends of the lift bases 41a and 41b.

[0048] The one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 27 for removably mounting the support posts 26 of the handle 25 to the lifting bases 41a, 41b has a configuration similar to the one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 22 for removably mounting the support posts 21 of each handrail 20a, 20b, 20c to the main guide frames 11a, 11b as described above, as shown in Figure 2 (A). By inserting the support post 26, which has a locking hole at its tip into which the locking pin 27R (similar to the locking pin 22R) fits, into the support post insertion portion (22B) and inserting the locking pin 27R, the left and right support posts 26 of the handle 25 are fixed in an upright position along the front ends of the lifting bases 41a, 41b, and are attached as the handles 25 of the lifting movement device 40 (lifting bases 41a, 41b).

[0049] As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2B, the handle 25 and the left and right support posts 26 are detachably connected to each other at an inverted L-shaped portion 26L formed at the upper end of the support post 26 by bending the support post 26 toward the front.

[0050] Handle 25 is connected by inserting its left and right ends into support post insertion portions of one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 28 fixed to inverted L-shaped portion 26L at the upper end of support 26.

[0051] The one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 28 for detachably connecting the handle 25 to the inverted L-shaped portion 26L at the upper end of the pillar 26 has a configuration similar to the one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 22 for detachably erecting the pillars 21 of each of the handrails 20a, 20b, 20c described above on the main guide frames 11a, 11b, as shown in Figure 2 (A).The handle 25, which has a locking hole at its tip into which the locking pin 28R (similar to locking pin 22R) fits, is inserted into the pillar insertion portion (22B) and the locking pin 28R is inserted, whereby the left and right sides of the handle 25 are connected to the inverted L-shaped portion 26L at the upper end of each pillar 26.

[0052] Next, as shown in Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5, on the upper surfaces of lifting bases 41a, 41b constituting the frame of the lifting movement device 40, leg portions 43 forming two sides of a triangle and vertically extending cylindrical slide guides 44 supported on the tops of the leg portions 43 are integrally provided.

[0053] The slide guide 44 has a cylindrical space through which the lifting column 45 is detachably inserted, and supports the lifting column 45 so that the lifting column 45 can move up and down without being displaced in the horizontal direction.

[0054] A pantograph jack 46 is placed on the upper surfaces of the lifting bases 41a and 41b at a position directly below the slide guide 44, and the lower end of a lifting column 45 is fitted onto the top of the jack 46 which moves up and down.

[0055] The pantograph jack 46 is placed by fitting its base 46B between a pair of protrusions 47 formed in advance on the upper surfaces of the lifting bases 41a, 41b in accordance with the dimensions of the base 46B, and is positioned without coming off the lifting bases 41a, 41b.

[0056] A steel material loading plate 48 is provided at the upper end of the lifting pillar 45 to support a steel bridge (H-shaped steel) 49 suspended between the left and right lifting pillars 45, and an anti-slip member 24 made of a sheet-like high-friction material is fixed to the upper surface of the steel material loading plate 48.

[0057] Each steel material placing plate 48 and the connecting steel material 49 are removably fixed together, for example, by clamps that clamp and fix the front and back edges of the steel material placing plate 48 and the corresponding edges of the connecting steel material 49 together.

[0058] In addition, U-shaped saddles 50a, 50b are placed at any two locations on the left and right sides of the cross steel material 49, with the U-shaped opening facing downward and straddling the cross steel material 49 from above. Each saddle 50a, 50b is removably attached using a chain support bolt 51 that passes through the U-shaped opening at the tip and a nut 51N that is combined with the chain support bolt 51, as shown in Figure 5.

[0059] At this time, a chain 52 which functions as a rope for lifting the cover is hung down between the U-shaped open ends of the shackles 50a, 50b by passing a chain support bolt 51 through the link at the upper end of the chain 52, and is attached so as to be freely attached and detached.

[0060] The upper end link of the chain 52 is attached between the tips of the saddles 50a, 50b by a chain support bolt 51 via anti-slip spacers 51S that sandwich the link from the front and rear, thereby preventing misalignment in the front-to-rear direction relative to the saddles 50a, 50b.

[0061] Further, anti-slip members 24 made of a sheet-like high friction material are fixed to the bottom surfaces of the U-shaped saddles 50a, 50b to prevent the cross steel material 49 from shifting in the longitudinal direction.

[0062] A hook 53 is attached in advance to a link at the lower end of the chain 52, which is used by being hooked onto a lifting metal fitting attached to, for example, the working hole P of the cover lids 31a to 31d.

[0063] In addition, the length of the chain 52 from the saddles 50a, 50b to the hanging hook 53 can be easily adjusted by selecting the position of the link through which the chain support bolt 51 passes.

[0064] In this manner, the lifting mechanism (43 to 53) for lifting the cover is provided on the lifting bases 41a and 41b, and the lifting and moving device 40 is constructed.

[0065] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a method for raising and lowering the lifting support column 45 or the cross steel material 49 by the pantograph jack 46 of the lifting and moving device 40. As shown in FIG.

[0066] The lifting and lowering operation of the lifting and moving device 40 is performed, for example, by two workers W who operate the pantograph jacks 46 on the left and right sides of the device 40 in the same manner.

[0067] A wrench 60R attached to a rotating part of the rechargeable rotary tool 60 is fitted to a rotating operation part 46R for extending and retracting the pantograph jack 46 in the up and down direction, and the lifting support 45 or the cross steel material 49 is lifted and lowered by electrically rotating the wrench 60R forward or backward. As a result, the cover 31-31d to which the hook 53 of the chain 52 is hooked can be easily lifted and lowered by the rechargeable rotary tool 60 that the worker W uses daily.

[0068] In this way, the opening opening / closing device 10 can be easily constructed and installed to surround the opening H by combining and assembling a plurality of components, including the pair of left and right main guide frames 11a, 11b and extended guide frames 12a, 12b, four guide frame connecting plates 13a1, 13a2, 13b1, 13b2, two front and rear end frames 16a, 16b, 12 sets of bolts / nuts 14, 15, 17, 18, three handrails 20a, 20b, 20c on the left, right and rear sides, a pair of left and right lifting bases 41a, 41b, the sliding plate 42, the lifting support column 45, the pantograph jack 46, the cross steel material 49, the shackles 50a, 50b and chain support bolts 51, nuts 51N, anti-slip spacers 51S, the chain 52, the handle 25 and the left and right supports 26 thereof.

[0069] Each of the components constituting the opening / closing device 10 has a weight and size that allows it to be disassembled and easily carried by at most two workers W, so it can be easily carried, assembled, and used even at a site that can only be accessed by stairs. On the other hand, the overall weight of the opening / closing device 10 assembled from the components is naturally heavy, so that the positional deviation of the opening / closing device 10 at its installed position is sufficiently prevented.

[0070] Then, by operating the handle 25 and pulling or pushing the handle 25 toward the front or rear of the opening opening / closing device 10, the worker W can easily move the lifting and moving device 40 back and forth between a position corresponding to the extension guide frames 12a, 12b away from the opening H and a position corresponding to the opening H surrounded by the three handrails 20a, 20b, 20c on the left, right and rear sides, as shown by arrows X1 and X2 in Figure 1.

[0071] In addition, the extension guide rails 12a, 12b, end frames 16a, 16b, cross steel material 49, and handle 25 are each prepared in different lengths, and these different sized components are appropriately selected and combined depending on the width and depth of the opening H in the floor F where the opening opening opening / closing device 10 is to be installed.

[0072] (Configuration of the conveying device 20) FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the external configuration of the transport device 20 used in combination with the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion.

[0073] FIG. 8A is a plan view showing the external configuration of the transport device 20 combined with the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion.

[0074] FIG. 8B is a side view showing the external configuration of the transport device 20 combined with the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion.

[0075] First, the conveying device 20 places a pair of loading bases 23a, 23b, which are rectangular in cross section and prismatic, on the bottom surface of the extended guide frames 12a, 12b after the pair of main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extended guide frames 12a, 12b are connected. The loading bases 23a, 23b have a width corresponding to the width of the C-shaped openings of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, a height slightly exceeding the height of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, and a length corresponding to the depth of the opening H (1500 mm in this case).

[0076] The loading bases 23a, 23b are constructed using, for example, hard wood, and the bottom surface of a C-shaped opening (groove) that continues in a straight line from the main guide frames 11a, 11b to the extension guide frames 12a, 12b serves as a movement path for the loading bases 23a, 23b, which are guided by each of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, and are configured to be movable along the movement path.

[0077] On the lower surfaces of the loading bases 23a and 23b, second sliding members 19S (see FIG. 8B) similar to the sheet-like first sliding members 19 provided on the bottom surfaces of the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b are provided.

[0078] In addition, the second sliding member 19S provided on the underside of the loading bases 23a, 23b, like the second sliding member 19S provided on the underside of the sliding plate 42 for the lifting bases 41a, 41b described above, has chamfered portions on the outer edge ridges of the rear end and front end thereof, so that even if there is a slight step at the boundary of the bottom surface (travel path) continuing from the main guide frames 11a, 11b to the extension guide frames 12a, 12b, the chamfered portions enable the sliding member 19S to ride over the step.

[0079] This makes it possible to prevent the movement of the loading bases 23a, 23b between the main guide frames 11a, 11b and the extension guide frames 12a, 12b from being restricted by a step.

[0080] An anti-slip member 24 made of a sheet-like high friction material having the same shape as the upper surfaces of the loading bases 23a and 23b is fixedly provided on the upper surfaces of the loading bases 23a and 23b.

[0081] In addition, at the front end of the loading bases 23a, 23b, similar to the lifting bases 41a, 41b of the lifting and moving device 40 described above, a handle 25 for moving the loading bases 23a, 23b along the moving paths of each guide frame 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b simultaneously by operation of the worker W is detachably provided via each of the left and right supports 26 (handle mechanisms 25-28 for loading base).

[0082] Between the left and right loading bases 23a and 23b, multiple H-shaped steel members 29 (reinforcement members), for example 100 mm square, are placed in parallel across the upper surface of one loading base 23a and the upper surface of the other loading base 23b to form a temporary foundation for establishing a movable floor 30 (floor member).

[0083] The movable floor 30 (floor member) is made, for example, of a rectangular flat 3 mm thick thin steel plate or a 19 mm or 24 mm thick plywood plate that corresponds to the width (2500 mm in this case) and depth (1500 mm in this case) of the opening H, and is placed on the top surface of several H-shaped steel members 29 configured as a temporary foundation.

[0084] In this way, the transport device 20 can be easily constructed by combining and assembling a number of components, namely, a pair of left and right loading bases 23a, 23b, a handle 25 and its left and right supports 26, a number of H-shaped steel members 29, and a single movable floor 30, and is movably installed on a pair of guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b.

[0085] Then, by operating the handle 25 of the transporting device 20 and pulling or pushing the handle 25 toward the front or rear of the opening opening / closing device 10, the worker W can easily move the movable floor 30 constructed on the left and right loading bases 23a, 23b back and forth between a position corresponding to the extended guide frames 12a, 12b away from the opening H and a position corresponding to the opening H surrounded by the three handrails 20a, 20b, 20c on the left, right and rear sides, as shown by arrows X1 and X2 in Figure 7, in the same manner as the lifting and moving device 40 described above.

[0086] In an experiment conducted by the applicant in which a heavy object (object to be transported) weighing approximately 350 kg was placed on the moving floor 30, it was confirmed that by having two workers operate the handle 25, the heavy object (object to be transported) could be easily moved and transported without significant burden on each worker.

[0087] The loading bases 23a, 23b, the handle 25, and the H-shaped steel member 29 are each prepared in different lengths, and the movable floor 30 is prepared in different width and depth sizes, and these different sized components are appropriately selected and combined according to the width and depth of the opening H of the floor F on which the opening opening opening / closing device 10 is to be installed.

[0088] (Opening and closing of opening H) FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram showing the steps of the work of opening and closing an opening H in a floor F on which the opening / closing device 10 for opening an opening portion and its lifting and moving device 40 are installed.

[0089] Here, for the sake of convenience in avoiding complexity of the illustration, the opening opening opening / closing device 10 is illustrated only with the lifting base 41a of the lifting moving device 40, the lifting pillar 45, the pantograph jack 46, the steel bridge 49, the chain 52 and the hook 53, and the handle 25 operated by the worker W.

[0090] Figure 9(A): As shown in Fig. 1, the opening ...

[0091] Worker W pushes the handle 25 of the lifting and moving device 40 toward the rear of the opening opening opening / closing device 10, as shown by arrow X2, to move the lifting and moving device 40, and positions the lifting pillar 45, cross steel material 49 and hook 53 directly above the center of the covering cover to be lifted (here, 31a).

[0092] At this time, the positions of the shackles 50a, 50b relative to the length of the cross steel material 49 are adjusted so that the hook 53 at the lower end of the chain 52 hanging down from the cross steel material 49 is located directly above the working hole P of the cover 31a.

[0093] Then, the pantograph jack 46 is operated in the shortening direction to lower the lifting support 45 and the cross steel member 49 as shown by the dashed arrow U2, and the hook 53 (not shown here) at the lower end of the chain 52 is adjusted to the extent that it rests on the cover 31a and the chain 52 is bent.

[0094] Figure 9(B): The hook 53 at the lower end of the chain 52 is hooked to a metal fitting (not shown) attached to the work hole P of the cover 31a, and the pantograph jack 46 is operated in the extension direction to raise the lifting pillar 45 or the cross steel material 49 as shown by the dashed arrow U1, thereby lifting the cover 31a without shifting it from its center of gravity.

[0095] At this time, the covering cover 31a is lifted via a chain 52 and a hook 53 hanging from a steel bridge 49 positioned directly above the center of the covering cover 31a, allowing the covering cover 31a to be lifted without shifting from its center of gravity, and can be easily removed from the opening H without getting caught on the side of the adjacent covering cover 31b or the side of the opening H, and without the lifted covering cover 31a swinging from side to side.

[0096] Figure 9(C): With the cover 31a in the lifted position, the worker W pulls the handle 25 of the lifting and moving device 40 toward himself, as shown by the arrow X1, and moves the lifting and moving device 40 to a position where the moving floor 30 is away from the opening H.

[0097] Figure 9(D): While the cover 31a is being lifted by the lifting / moving device 40, the worker W moves the hand lift L between the left and right lifting / moving bases 41a, 41b as shown by the arrow X2.

[0098] Figure 9(E): The pantograph jack 46 of the lifting / moving device 40 is operated in the contracting direction to lower the cover 31a as shown by the arrow U2, and the cover 31a is placed on the hand lift L, and the hook 53 is removed from the cover 31a.

[0099] Figure 9(F): A worker W moves the hand lift L carrying the cover 31a to a predetermined position as shown by an arrow X1, and lowers the cover 31a from the hand lift L to a temporary storage area on the floor F.

[0100] Thereafter, the operations shown in Figs. 9(A) to 9(F) are repeated for the cover lids 31b and 31c as well, so that the cover lids 31b and 31c are removed from the opening H of the floor F, moved to a predetermined position, and lowered into the temporary storage area.

[0101] Although not directly shown, when closing the opening H again with the cover lids 31a to 31c, the operations of removing the cover lids 31a to 31c from the opening H shown in Figs. 9(A) to 9(F) are carried out in the reverse order.

[0102] Furthermore, even if the opening H is covered by a single cover 31, by installing and using the opening opening opening / closing device 10 and its lifting and moving device 40 in accordance with the opening H on the floor F in the same manner as described above, the cover 31 can be easily and safely lifted without shifting from its center of gravity, and moved to a predetermined position or returned to the opening H.

[0103] (Lifting of transported objects) FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram showing the steps of a task of carrying in and carrying out a heavy object (object to be transported) 33 through an opening H in a floor F on which the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion and its transport device 20 are installed.

[0104] Here, for the convenience of avoiding complication of the illustration, the opening / closing device 10 for an opening portion and its transport device 20 are illustrated only as a movable moving platform 30 and a handle 25 operated by a worker W. In addition, the following description will be given of "carrying in" the transport object 33 from the lower floor to the upper floor, and "carrying out" it from the upper floor to the lower floor; however, it goes without saying that "carrying in" and "carrying out" may be reversed.

[0105] Figure 10(A): The transport device 20 is assembled and installed in place of the lifting and moving device 40 on the left and right guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b of the opening opening opening / closing device 10. First, a worker W pushes the handle 25 of the transport device 20 backward, moves the moving floor 30 to above the opening H as indicated by the arrow X2, and closes the opening H temporarily to ensure safety. Meanwhile, on the floor FL below, an object to be transported 33 placed on a cart 32 is moved to directly below the opening H as indicated by the arrow Y1.

[0106] Figure 10(B): The movable floor 30 is again moved to a position away from the opening H as indicated by the arrow X1, and the opening H is opened.

[0107] Figure 10(C): An object to be transported 33 located on a lower floor is hoisted up to an upper floor by a hoist CR as indicated by an arrow D1.

[0108] Figure 10(D): With the transport object 33 in the lifted state, the movable floor 30 is again moved to above the opening H as indicated by the arrow X2, and the transport object 33 is lowered onto the movable floor 30.

[0109] Figure 10(E): The movable floor 30 is again moved to a position away from the opening H as indicated by the arrow X1, and the transport object 33 is lowered from the movable floor 30 to the temporary storage area on the floor F and carried in.

[0110] Thereafter, when a plurality of transport objects 33 are repeatedly carried in, the operations shown in Figs. 10(A) to 10(E) are repeated.

[0111] (Suspension of transported objects) Figure 10(F): The transport object 33 is placed on the moving floor 30 which has been moved to a position away from the opening H, and the moving floor 30 is then moved to above the opening H as indicated by the arrow X2.

[0112] Figure 10(G): The transport object 33 placed on the movable floor 30 is lifted by the hoist CR, and with the transport object 33 lifted, the movable floor 30 is pulled again as shown by the arrow X1 to move it to a position away from the opening H.

[0113] Figure 10(H): The transport object 33 hoisted by the hoist CR is lowered to the floor below through the opening H as shown by the arrow D2, and placed on a cart 32 arranged on the floor FL of the floor below.

[0114] Figure 10(I): The moving floor 30 is again moved to above the opening H as indicated by the arrow X2, thereby closing the opening H.

[0115] Figure 10(J): On the floor FL below, the cart 33 carrying the transport object 33 is moved as indicated by the arrow Y2, and the transport object 33 is carried out.

[0116] Thereafter, when a plurality of transport objects 33 are to be repeatedly carried out, the operations of Figs. 10(F) to 10(J) are repeated.

[0117] (Summary of the embodiment) According to the embodiment of the opening ...

[0118] In addition, the work of lifting and moving the cover lids 31a-31d is carried out outside the framework regulated by the main guide frames 11a, 11b and end frame 16a installed on both the left and right sides and the rear side of the opening H, and handrails 20a, 20b, 20c are installed on both the left and right sides and the rear side of the opening H, respectively, so there is no risk of parts falling from the opening H or the worker W falling, and sufficient safety can be ensured.

[0119] Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the lifting work at a position displaced from the center of gravity of the cover 31a to 31d to be lifted, and it is possible to reduce the burden on the worker and ensure sufficient safety.

[0120] Furthermore, according to the embodiment of the opening opening / closing device 10 and its transporting device 20, when a heavy object (object to be transported) 33 is transported upstairs or downstairs, by simply pushing or pulling the handle 25 of the transporting device 20 assembled so as to be slidable on the guide frames 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, the movable floor 30 can be easily moved to the position of the opening H to close the opening H, or the movable floor 30 can be easily moved to a position away from the opening H to open the opening H, and at the same time, the object to be transported 33 can be loaded onto the movable floor 30 and moved to a position away from the opening H or moved to the position of the opening H.

[0121] In the embodiment of the opening opening / closing device 10, the guide frame connection mechanism consisting of four connecting plates 13a1, 13a2, 13b1, 13b2 and eight sets of bolts / nuts 14, 15 for detachably connecting the extension guide frames 12a, 12b to the main guide frames 11a, 11b is not limited to the configuration described above, and may be of any configuration that is easily detachable.

[0122] In addition, the one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 22 for removably erecting the posts 21 of the handrails 20a, 20b, 20c along the sides of the main guide frames 11a, 11b, the one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 27 for removably erecting the post 26 of the handle 25 from the front end of the lifting base 41a, 41b of the lifting and moving device 40 or the loading base 23a, 23b of the transporting device 20, and the one-touch attachment / detachment mechanism 28 for removably connecting the handle 25 to the left and right posts 26 are not limited to the above-mentioned configurations, and may be configured to be easily attached and detached with one touch.

[0123] Furthermore, the lifting mechanisms 43-53 of the lifting and moving device 40 are not limited to the configuration shown in Figures 1 and 3-5, but may be easily transported, assembled, and installed by at most two workers W without any burden, even at a site that requires climbing up and down stairs, and may be configured to easily and safely lift and lower the cover covers 31a-31d without shifting from their center of gravity.

[0124] Furthermore, the movable floor 30 is configured to be placed on top of multiple H-shaped steel members 29 arranged between the left and right loading bases 23a, 23b of the transport device 20, but the configuration is not limited to this and it is sufficient that it can be transported and set up without burden by at most two workers W and that it is possible to safely load and move heavy objects.

[0125] In addition, the multiple H-shaped steel materials 29 arranged across the left and right loading bases 23a, 23b are prevented from shifting out of position on the loading bases 23a, 23b by anti-slip members 24 fixed to the upper surfaces of the loading bases 23a, 23b. However, shifting of the H-shaped steel materials 29 on the loading bases 23a, 23b may also be prevented by, for example, providing protrusions or grooves corresponding to the width of the H-shaped steel materials 29 at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the loading bases 23a, 23b, or by configuring the upper surface to allow the insertion of pins to prevent shifting.

[0126] Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0127] 10...Opening opening / closing device, 11a, 11b...Main guide frame, 12a, 12b...Extension guide frame, 13a1, 13a2, 13b1, 13b2...Guide frame connecting plate, 14, 17...Bolt, 15, 18...Nut, 16a, 16b...End frame, 19, 19S...Sliding member, 20...Conveying device, 20a, 20b, 20c...Handrail, 21...Handrail support, 22, 27, 28...One-touch attachment / detachment mechanism, 22B...Support insert Push-in portion, 22R, 27R, 28R...lock pins, 23a, 23b...loading base, 24...anti-slip member, 25...handle, 26...handle support, 26L...inverted L-shaped portion, 29...H-shaped steel, 30...moving floor, 31...cover, 32...cart, 33...object to be transported, 40...lifting and moving device, 41a, 41b...lifting base, 42...sliding plate, 42M...cart plate, 43~53...lifting mechanism, H...opening, F...upper floor, FL...lower floor, CR...hoist.

Claims

1. a pair of main guide frames arranged in parallel along one side and the other side in a planar direction of an opening provided in a floor, the pair of main guide frames having a groove that is longer than at least a first length of the opening in a direction along the parallel arrangement and that opens upward in the direction of the length; a pair of extension guide frames detachably connected to one ends of the pair of main guide frames in a direction corresponding to the first length of the opening, the extension guide frames having a length at least greater than the first length of the opening and a groove extending the groove of the main guide frames; a first end frame and a second end frame which are detachably provided between the other ends of the pair of main guide frames and between the one ends of the pair of extension guide frames, the first end frame and the second end frame having a length corresponding to a width of the pair of main guide frames arranged side by side; a pair of lifting bases arranged in a groove continuing between the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on one side and a groove continuing between the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on the other side, the pair of lifting bases being slidable along the grooves; a lifting mechanism that is detachably provided across the upper surfaces of the pair of lifting bases and lifts and lowers the cover of the opening at at least two points in a direction corresponding to the space between the pair of lifting bases; a handle mechanism for the lifting base that is detachably provided between the pair of lifting bases and that moves both of the pair of lifting bases along grooves that are continuous with the main guide frames and the extension guide frames on the one side and the other side, An opening opening / closing device in which the pair of main guide frames and the pair of extension guide frames each have a sheet-like first sliding member on the bottom surface of a groove having a friction coefficient that allows the pair of lifting bases to slide along the groove.

2. Each of the pair of lifting bases is provided with a sheet-like second sliding member for the lifting base, the second sliding member having a friction coefficient that allows the lifting base to slide along the grooves of the main guide frame and the extension guide frame, on a lower surface of the lifting base. The opening / closing device according to claim 1 .

3. Each of the pair of lifting bases includes a sliding plate and a carriage plate that are detachably and replaceably fitted to the lower surface of the lifting base, The sliding board includes a second sliding member for the lifting base on a lower surface of the sliding board, The carriage plate is provided with a swivel wheel on the lower surface of the carriage plate. The opening / closing device according to claim 2 .

4. The lifting mechanism has a pantograph jack that is detachably mounted on each of the upper surfaces of the pair of lifting bases, and lifts and lowers the cover lifted at the at least two points in response to an extension and retraction operation of the pantograph jack. The opening / closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. a first handrail and a second handrail detachably provided along each side surface of the pair of main guide frames and having a length corresponding at least to a first length of the opening; a third handrail that is detachably installed between the other ends of the pair of main guide frames and has a length that corresponds at least to the second length of the opening; The opening / closing device for an opening portion according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:

6. a transport device that is detachably provided in place of the lifting / moving device having the pair of lifting / moving bases, the lifting mechanism, and the lifting / moving base handle mechanism; The conveying device is a pair of loading bases arranged in a groove continuing to the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on one side and a groove continuing to the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on the other side, the pair of loading bases having a length corresponding to a first length of the opening and a height at least greater than a depth of the grooves, and slidable along the arranged grooves; a loading base handle mechanism that is detachably provided between the pair of loading bases and that moves both of the pair of loading bases along grooves that are continuous with the main guide frames and the extension guide frames on the one side and the other side; a flat floor member placed across an upper surface of the one loading base and an upper surface of the other loading base, the flat floor member having a depth corresponding to a first length of the opening and a width corresponding to a second length of the opening; The opening / closing device for an opening portion according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Each of the pair of loading bases is provided with a sheet-like second sliding member for the loading base on a lower surface of the loading base, the second sliding member having a friction coefficient that allows the loading base to slide along the grooves of the main guide frame and the extension guide frame. The opening / closing device for an opening portion according to claim 6.

8. a pair of main guide frames arranged in parallel along one side and the other side in a planar direction of an opening provided in a floor, the pair of main guide frames having a groove that is longer than at least a first length of the opening in a direction along the parallel arrangement and that opens upward in the direction of the length; a pair of extension guide frames detachably connected to one ends of the pair of main guide frames in a direction corresponding to the first length of the opening, the extension guide frames having a length at least greater than the first length of the opening and a groove extending the groove of the main guide frames; a first end frame and a second end frame which are detachably provided between the other ends of the pair of main guide frames and between the one ends of the pair of extension guide frames, the first end frame and the second end frame having a length corresponding to a width of the pair of main guide frames arranged side by side; a pair of lifting bases arranged in a groove continuing between the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on one side and a groove continuing between the main guide frame and the extension guide frame on the other side, the pair of lifting bases being slidable along the grooves; a lifting mechanism that is detachably provided across the upper surfaces of the pair of lifting bases and lifts and lowers the cover of the opening at at least two points in a direction corresponding to the space between the pair of lifting bases; a handle mechanism for the lifting base that is detachably provided between the pair of lifting bases and that moves both of the pair of lifting bases along grooves that are continuous with the main guide frames and the extension guide frames on the one side and the other side, the pair of main guide frames and the pair of extension guide frames each have a groove at the bottom surface thereof, and a sheet-like first sliding member having a friction coefficient that allows the pair of lifting bases to slide along the groove, and the pair of lifting bases of the opening / closing device are slid from the groove of the extension guide frame to the groove of the main guide frame, and moved; The lifting position of the lifting mechanism is positioned above the vicinity of the center of the cover of the opening, With the cover of the opening lifted by the lifting mechanism, the pair of lifting bases are slidably moved from the groove of the main guide frame to the groove of the extension guide frame to release the state in which the cover of the opening is closed. How to open and close the opening.

Images