Body Shelter

Abstract

This invention can be used as an indoor frame material in everyday life, and can be transformed into a shelter that can protect the body within a few seconds during a major earthquake (equivalent to a seismic intensity of 7). 【composition】 The long side 11 of the rectangular main plate 1 made of a thin metal plate is in the longitudinal direction and the short side 12 is in the width direction, and tension strings 4 are tied between the opposing short sides 12, 12. In normal times, the rectangular main plate 1 is flattened, and in the event of a major earthquake, the tension strings 4 are appropriately shortened by the tensile force of the power, while the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate 1 is curved and fixed, allowing it to be used as a body shelter.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a body shelter that can be used as an indoor picture frame material during normal times, and can become a shelter to protect the body within a few seconds during a major earthquake (equivalent to a seismic intensity of 7). [Background technology]

[0002] On the evening of New Year's Day this year (2024), a major earthquake occurred on the Noto Peninsula, causing many houses to collapse. In particular, the prefectural government published the death toll in Ishikawa Prefecture up until January 20th of this year. Of the more than 240 people who died, 103 of whom had their families' consent, revealing the tragic reality that an astonishing 90% of them were crushed to death by collapsing houses.

[0003] In the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake and the Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake, many houses collapsed, and many reports were published of people being crushed to death by the collapse of their houses. In the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, the damage was diversified, with tsunamis and fires. The strength of the houses is the most important factor in the deaths caused by the collapse of houses.

[0004] Houses built in the 2000s that comply with the Building Standards Act have the advantage of being less likely to collapse, but the reality is that two-story wooden houses built before that time are at considerable risk of collapsing in an earthquake of magnitude 7. Japan, a country prone to earthquakes, has a considerable number of these seemingly fragile houses.

[0005] The Anshin Home Shelter in cited document 1 (Utility Model Registration No. 3119420) is an invention in which an upwardly bulging circular arch is formed, and below this forms a space into which the body can enter, and if one sleeps within this space, even if the house collapses during a major earthquake, one's life can be saved, and it is recognized as a shelter that provides a certain degree of safety. However, in everyday life, having this in one's bedroom takes up space and can be disturbing while sleeping. It would be difficult to popularize it.

[0006] The personal shelter in cited document 2 (Patent No. 6482495) is also an invention in which a person can sleep in the interior space of a polygonal shelter made by combining many rods, forming a trapezoid when viewed from the front and a triangle when viewed from the side, during everyday life, and can survive even if the house collapses during a major earthquake. However, this invention is thought to be difficult to popularize, especially since there is great resistance to having this on a bed in the bedroom in everyday life, and it can also interfere with sleep.

[0007] The earthquake-resistant shelter in cited document 3 (Patent No. 5469137) is an invention that protects houses from collapse, and if an individual gets up immediately during a major earthquake, even if they are sleeping, and enters the earthquake-resistant shelter, their life can be saved even if their house collapses. This invention only requires space to place it in a bedroom, etc.

[0008] It is true that the shelters described in References 1, 2 and 3 not only take up space in a bedroom or living room during everyday use, but also tend to get in the way of daily living activities, making them difficult to popularize. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Utility model registration No. 3119420 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6482495 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 5469137 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] Therefore, what is needed is something that does not function as a shelter during everyday (normal) times, but does not get in the way, and only serves as a shelter in the event of a major earthquake, but there have been no products that meet this need.However, this dual purpose of being able to function both during everyday times and during a major earthquake has been desired and demanded even in earthquake-prone Japan.For this reason, the problem (technical problem or objective, etc.) that this invention aims to solve is to function as a shelter that protects the body only during a major earthquake, without getting in the way during everyday times. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The inventors have conducted intensive research to solve the above problems, and as a result, have developed the invention of claim 1, which is a rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate, with the long side in the longitudinal direction and the short side in the width direction, and short side string-like objects are provided at the opposing short side locations, and a tension string-like object is tied between the two short side string-like objects, and the rectangular main plate is flattened in normal times, and the tension string-like object is fixed in the event of a major earthquake. motion The above-mentioned problem was solved by providing a body shelter characterized in that the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed while being appropriately shortened by the tensile force.

[0012] The above problem was solved by the invention of claim 2, which is a shelter for bodies, characterized in that the long side of a rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate is in the longitudinal direction and the short side is in the width direction, reinforcing bodies are provided on the full width of each of the opposing short sides, and a tension string-like object is tied between the opposing reinforcing bodies, and in normal times, the rectangular main plate is flattened, and in the event of a major earthquake, the tension string-like object is appropriately shortened by the tensile force of a power source, and the longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed.The above problem was solved by the invention of claim 3, which is a shelter for bodies described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a small hoist as the power source is provided at an appropriate location on the tension string-like object. Effect of the Invention

[0013] In the invention of claim 1, the flat rectangular main plate is not used as a shelter during everyday (normal) times, but is propped up against a wall or laid horizontally in a pictorial manner so as not to get in the way of the room, and only in the event of a major earthquake is the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate curved (three-dimensionally formed) and fixed by power, which immediately serves as a shelter for the body. This has the greatest advantage that even if a major earthquake occurs and the house collapses, the shelter of the present invention can save lives. In particular, since it is assumed that the shelter will be bent by human force, stainless steel metal plates have the advantage of being thinner in terms of elasticity than thin galvanized steel plates, making it easier to handle.

[0014] The invention of claim 2 has the advantage that the strength of the thin plate material can be guaranteed by inserting a reinforcing body. Other effects are the same as those of claim 1. The invention of claim 3 has the advantage that the small hoisting machine as the power source is provided in an appropriate position on the tension string-like material, making it possible to provide more specific components.

[0015] In the present patent specification, "flat" means flat, and when placed on the ground as a whole, the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate forms a flat or horizontal surface. Also, when placed on a vertical wall surface inside or outside a building, the longitudinal direction is formed as a vertical surface. In particular, when it is bent by several degrees, specifically, as shown in FIG. 20(B), it is curved at an angle of 2θ1 [FIG. 20(B)(iii) or a slight angle] in a V-shaped cross section. It is formed at an angle θ1 from both sides in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, even if the angle θ1 is about 1 degree to about 6 degrees, it is included in the concept of "flat" [FIG. 20(B)(iii) and (iv)]. Preferably, the angle θ1 is configured to be about 2 degrees to about 4 degrees.

[0016] In the present patent specification, the term "curved" refers to a state in which the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed. This refers to the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate being curved and bulged in the Z direction during a major earthquake, and the term "curved" also includes bending into a bow shape or a semicircular arch shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20(C), the rectangular main plate is formed at an angle θ3 from both sides. The angle θ3 is curved at about 45 degrees to about 65 degrees [FIG. 20(C)(v) and (vi)]. Preferably, the angle θ3 is configured at about 50 degrees to about 60 degrees. The entire longitudinal direction is included in the concept of the entire longitudinal direction even if only the ends in the longitudinal direction are bent. In addition, a major earthquake may also include a seismic intensity of 6-low or 6-high depending on the location. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is an overall oblique view of the plate in a vertically placed state during normal use, (B) is an overall oblique view of the plate in a curved and fixed state during a major earthquake, (C) is an overall state diagram of the plate in a horizontal position and fixed in a semicircular arch shape during a major earthquake, (D) is an enlarged oblique view of the (α) portion of (A), (E) is an enlarged oblique view of the (β) portion of (B), and (F) is an enlarged oblique view of the (γ) portion of (A). [Diagram 2] (A) is an overall front view of the vertically placed state of Figure 1(A), (B) is an overall elevation view of the structure fixed in a curved state during a major earthquake, and (C) is an overall elevation view of each instantaneous stage during the process of the structure changing from a curved state to a fixed semicircular arch state during a major earthquake. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is another embodiment of the first embodiment of the manual type of the metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is an oblique view of the main part in a vertically placed state in normal use, (B) is an oblique view of the main part fixed in a curved shape in the event of a major earthquake, (C) is an enlarged oblique view of the main part of (A), (D) is an enlarged oblique view of the main part of (A), and (E) is an enlarged oblique view of the main part of (A). [Figure 4]FIG. 2 is a second embodiment of the manual type of metal sheet of the present invention, in which (A) is an oblique view of the main parts in a vertically placed state for everyday use, (B) is an oblique view of the magnet set, with the magnet on the lower side and the iron member on the upper side, (C) is a cross-sectional view of the magnet set just before it is joined, and (D) is an oblique view of the magnet set after it has been joined. [Diagram 5] FIG. 3 is a third embodiment of the manual type metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view of the main parts when placed upright in normal use, (B) is a perspective view of the suction cup set, with the suction cup rubber piece on the upper side and the flat rubber piece on the lower side, (C) is a cross-sectional view of the suction cup set just before it is joined, (D) is a cross-sectional view of the suction cup set after it has been joined, and (E) is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the suction cup set. [Figure 6] (A) is an overall perspective view of the structure curved and fixed into a semicircular arch shape during a major earthquake, (B) is an α-α arrow end view of (A), and (C) is a β-β arrow end view of (A). [Figure 7] (A) is a first embodiment of the present invention in which a rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate is reinforced in the longitudinal direction. This is an overall front view of the rectangular main panel placed vertically in normal use, (B) is an end view of (A) taken along the arrows γ-γ, (C) is a partial perspective view of (A) formed into a curved shape, and (D) is a partial state diagram in which the member of (A) is placed horizontally during a major earthquake. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the various states of use of the present invention. (A) is a diagram showing the normal state in which the product of the present invention is propped up against the foot of a bed, imagining the normal sleeping state and the position in which one would stand up during a major earthquake. (B) is a first state diagram showing the moment when one stands up during a major earthquake and puts one's hands on the pull handle. (C) and (D) are second and third state diagrams showing the moment when one puts one's hands on the pull handle and pushes it down. (E) is a fourth state diagram showing the moment when the tension string-like material is shortened and fixed into a semicircular arch shape. (F) is a final state diagram showing the semicircular arch shape used as a shelter for the body when one is lying down. [Figure 9]This is an embodiment of the present invention in which a rectangular main panel made of thin metal plate is reinforced in the width direction. (A) is an overall oblique view of the rectangular main panel fixed in a semicircular arch shape in a horizontal position during a major earthquake. (B) is an end view taken from the α-α arrow of (A). (C) is a partial oblique view of (A) formed into a curved shape. (D) is a partial oblique view of the rectangular main panel that is flattened in normal use. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the rectangular main plate in the width direction in accordance with the present invention, in which (A) is an overall perspective view of the rectangular main plate fixed in a semicircular arch shape in a horizontally-restrained state during a major earthquake, (B) is an end view seen from the β-β arrows of (A), (C) is an end view seen from the γ-γ arrows of (A), (D) is a partial perspective view of the horizontally-restrained state of (A), and (E) is a partial perspective view of the other embodiment in the horizontally-restrained state. [Figure 11] (A) is a diagram of the instantaneous state just before a house component falls and collides with the product of the present invention when the house is fixed in a semicircular arch shape, and (B) is a diagram of the instantaneous state when the house component collides with the product of the present invention when the house collapses. [Figure 12] (A) is a diagram showing the state diagram in which a bending moment acts on a metal component, causing bending stress and a radius of curvature, and the required formula (1), and (B) is a diagram showing the section modulus of a rectangular cross-section metal component and a thin plate of a metal component, and the required formula (2). [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is another example of the second embodiment of the manual type of metal sheet of the present invention, in which (A) is a partial perspective view of the present invention placed vertically in everyday use, and (B) is a perspective view of the main parts when the magnet set has been completely connected and the tension string-like object has been shortened during a major earthquake. [Figure 14] 1A is a partial oblique view of the installation state of a decorative safety frame material to be attached to the long and short sides of the periphery of a rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate, (B) is a corner piece to be attached to the corner of the rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate and a partial front view of the same installed, (C) is a diagram of the installation state of a short side string-like object at the corner of the rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate, and (D) is a partial oblique view of another embodiment of attaching a short side string-like object to the corner of a rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate. [Figure 15]FIG. 1 is a modified example of another embodiment of the first embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, in which (A) is an oblique view of the main parts in a vertically placed state in normal use, with the hook part being pulled up by the weight of a bottle of drinking water or the like, (B) is an enlarged oblique view of the main parts of the lifting point using a bottle of drinking water, (C) is a front view of an S-type rectangular main plate, (D) is a front view of an M-type rectangular main plate, and (E) is a front view of an L-type rectangular main plate. [Figure 16] This is an embodiment of an electric (powered) type of metal thin plate of the present invention, and another embodiment in which the plate is curved by the electric type. (A) is an overall perspective view of the plate laid horizontally in normal use, (B) is a diagram of the plate curved (semicircular arch shape) by an electric small hoist during a major earthquake, (C) is a diagram of the final state in which the plate is laid horizontally in the semicircular arch shape to provide a shelter for the body, and (D) is an enlarged perspective view of the small hoist. [Figure 17] These figures show the manual and electric types of the present invention, which use a rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate, in their everyday use, where (A) is a diagram showing the manual type placed upright with a curtain hung on the upper half to be used as a wall picture, (B) is a perspective view of an example of a curtain hung on the upper end of (A), and (C) is a diagram showing the electric type placed horizontally in everyday use with a curtain hung on about the upper half or more to be used as a wall picture. [Figure 18] This is yet another embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectangular main panel is made of FRP material and is a manual type. (A) is an overall perspective view of the device placed upright in normal use, (B) is a diagram of the final state in which the device is curved (semicircular arch type) and fixed in place during a major earthquake, and (C) is a diagram of the final state in which the device is laid horizontally in the semicircular arch type to provide a shelter for the body. [Figure 19] This invention is an electrically powered type with a rectangular main panel made of FRP material; (A) is an overall perspective view of the device laid horizontally during normal use, (B) is a diagram of the final state when the device is curved (semicircular arch type) and fixed in place during a major earthquake, and (C) is a diagram of the final state when the device is laid horizontally in the semicircular arch type to provide a shelter for the body. [Figure 20]These are diagrams showing the overall longitudinal state of a rectangular main plate of a thin metal plate, where (A) is an oblique view, (B) is an example of a diagram showing the concept of a flat shape, (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) are all cross-sectional views included in the flat shape, (C) is an example of a diagram showing the concept of a curved shape, and (v) and (vi) are all cross-sectional views included in the curved shape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [First embodiment of the manual type made of thin metal plates] A first embodiment of the manual type made of a thin metal plate will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 3, 6 and 7. First, the basic main member is a rectangular main plate 1 made of a thin metal plate, which is elongated in each of the figures as shown in Figures 1(A), 2(A) and 7(A), with a long side 11 (long side) extending in the longitudinal direction (X direction) and a short side 12 (shorter side) extending in the width direction (Y direction).

[0019] The basic shape of the rectangular main plate 1 is composed of long sides 11, 11 and short sides 12, 12 around the periphery, and in particular, the width (short side 12: Y direction) is 1 and the longitudinal width (long side 11: X direction) is about 2. In other words, the short side 12 of the width (Y direction) is about 90 cm, and the long side 11 of the longitudinal width (X direction) is about 180 cm. In other words, it is a 3 x 6 iron plate, and is 3 shaku (about 90 cm) x 6 shaku (about 180 cm). As will be described later, there are three types in particular.

[0020] The metallic thin plate of the rectangular main plate 1 is formed of a galvanized steel plate, a stainless steel plate made of iron and chrome, etc., and it is preferable to appropriately select a material having excellent elasticity. A short side string-like object 3 is tied between the corners 13, 13 of the short side of the rectangular main plate 1 at 12 places. Specifically, both ends of the short side string-like object 3 are tied between the holes 13a, 13a formed in the corners, and are provided with a certain degree of slack in daily life [see Fig. 1 (A) and Fig. 2 (A)]. In addition, a tension string-like object 4 is tied between both the short side string-like objects 3, 3 of the rectangular main plate 1. Both the tension string-like object 4 and the short side string-like object 3 are made of a metal wire or a cloth rope, etc., and both are provided to withstand a tensile load of about 7.80 to about 100 kg.

[0021] In the event of a major earthquake, the tension cord-like object 4 is appropriately shortened by human pulling force (approximately 35 kg to 70 kg) while the longitudinal direction of the long side 11 of the rectangular main plate 1 is curved and fixed, and the body can be hidden inside to form a body shelter. The above-mentioned human pulling force (approximately 35 kg to 70 kg) includes an increase of about 10 to 20%. In addition, as the concept of the present invention in the event of a major earthquake, specifically, the structure in which the tension cord-like object 4 is appropriately shortened by human pulling force can be a single object consisting of a full-length tension cord-like object 41, or a structure consisting of two members consisting of a mostly tension cord-like object 42 and a spare tension object 43. The details will be described below.

[0022] For ordinary people, a major earthquake is a disaster that may or may not occur once in a lifetime. In such a situation, it is usually not possible to operate calmly. Taking this into consideration, a configuration for appropriately shortening the tension cord-like object 4 has been devised. In the first type of shortening configuration, as shown in Figures 1(A) and 2(A), the tension cord-like object 4 is a single continuous object, and is called a full-length tension cord-like object 41. In this case, a hook portion 5 is fixed to an appropriate position near the upper end of the full-length tension cord-like object 41. There is a distance Q between the appropriate position of the hook portion 5 near the upper end and the approximate center position of the short side cord-like object 3.

[0023] Specifically, when the total longitudinal width of the rectangular main panel 1 is about 180 cm, the distance Q is about 40 cm. The hook portion 5 is provided with a known stopper if necessary, but this is omitted in the drawings. In both Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in normal times, the hook portion 5 is engaged with the approximate center position of the upper short side string-like member 3 as shown in Fig. 1(B) from the state shown in Fig. 1(A), and is fixed in this state. Even in a time of extreme tension such as a major earthquake, the hook portion 5 is located midway along the full-length tension string-like member 41 (at a position that is always visible, at the distance Q), so there is no need to search for the hook portion 5, which is safe.

[0024] [Actual use of the present invention: manual operation example] The shortening structure, which is the structure for engaging the hook portion 5, is actually an operation for shortening the distance Q of about 40 cm, and as described above, is performed by a pulling force (about 35 kg to about 70 kg) by human power. This operation will be explained with reference to Fig. 8. First, in normal times, in the state shown in Fig. 8(A), a person is sleeping in bed (without a duvet) and the product of the present invention is in a vertically leaned position. Next, in the unlikely event of a major earthquake, the person throws the duvet aside, stands up, and immediately puts his or her hand on the pull handle 81 as shown in Fig. 8(B).

[0025] Immediately after, the operator applies his / her body weight to the pull handle 81 and pushes it down as shown in Fig. 8(C) and (D). The operator further applies his / her body weight to push it down, and at this time the hook portion 5 is engaged and fixed at the approximate center of the upper short side string-like object 3 (see Fig. 8(E)). This operation (Fig. 8(B)-(E)) is actually performed in about 1-2 seconds. After that, the entire longitudinal direction of the long side 11 of the rectangular main plate 1 is curved in this way and is also fixed, so that the operator can lay face down on the product of the present invention and protect his / her body from the collapse of the house, as shown in Fig. 8(F).

[0026] In other words, in the event of a major earthquake, the tension cord-like object 4 is appropriately shortened by human pulling force, while the long side 11 of the rectangular main plate 1 is curved and fixed, and the rectangular main plate 1 can be used as a body shelter by hiding the body inside the curved rectangular main plate 1. This invention is intended to function as a body shelter in an emergency even though it is in a flat, frame-like state that does not get in the way in normal times, and a simple and reliable operating means is required to curve it in an emergency, and this invention can certainly meet this requirement.

[0027] As mentioned above, the first type of shortening structure is a simple structure in which the tension cord-like object 4 is a single continuous full-length tension cord-like object 41, as shown in Figures 1(A) and 2(A), and is composed only of a hook portion 5 provided at an appropriate position near the upper end of the full-length tension cord-like object 41, but this is also a technical content that allows for safe and reliable engagement. The hook portion 5 alone is also referred to as the shortening operation member S described below.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 3, this is another embodiment of the first embodiment of the manual type of the metal thin plate of the present invention, and is a type of hook portion 5, and the tension string-like object 4 is composed of two members: the hook portion 5 as a shortening operation member S, the main tension string-like object 42, and the preliminary tension object 43. The hook portion 5 is fixed to the upper end position of the main tension string-like object 42 from the lower side, and the hook portion 5 is provided so that a small amount of tension is generated by the resin coil spring-like preliminary tension object 43 provided from both sides of the upper short side string-like object 3, and the hook portion 5 is configured to be easily hung at the position shown in FIG. 3(B). Specifically, rod-like pieces 51, 51 are provided on both sides of the middle of the hook portion 5, and the lower ends of both ends are fixed to the coil spring-like preliminary tension object 43. This is to make it easier to reliably hang the hook portion 5 on the upper short side string-like object 3 in an emergency (major earthquake).

[0029] [Second embodiment of the manual type made of thin metal plates] Next, in the second embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, the shortening operation member S is a type of magnetic member 6, and as shown in Fig. 4, it is composed of a magnetic part 61 made of a magnet material and an iron-based member 62 that magnetizes it. The magnetic part 61 is fixed to the upper end position of the mostly tensioned string-like material 42 from the lower side, and the iron-based member 62 is provided facing downward at the center position of the upper short side string-like material 3 so as to face the magnetic part 61, and further provided so as to provide a small amount of tension with a resin coil spring-like preliminary tension member 43.

[0030] In this case, the magnetic part 61 is also positioned as shown in Fig. 4(C) so that the two can easily be magnetically coupled. Specifically, rod-shaped pieces 61a, 61a are provided on both sides of the magnetic part 61, and the lower ends of both ends are secured to the coil spring-like reserve tension member 43. In this manner, a reliable magnetic coupling between the upper iron-based member 62 and the lower magnetic part 61 is obtained in the event of an emergency (major earthquake). In the embodiment, the lower side is the magnetic part 61 and the upper side is the iron-based member 62, but although not shown, the reverse is of course also possible.

[0031] [Third embodiment of the manual type made of thin metal plates] In addition, in the third embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, when the shortening operation member S is an attraction member 7, as shown in Fig. 5, it is composed of a rubber-based attraction part 71 with a concave underside and a flat rubber-based plate part 72. The attraction part 71 is provided facing downward at approximately the center of the upper short side string-like object 3. The plate part 72 is fixed to the upper end position of the mostly tensioned string-like object 42 from the lower side, and rod-shaped pieces 72a, 72a are provided on both sides of the plate part 72, and the lower ends of both ends are secured to the coil spring-like preliminary tension object 43.

[0032] The preliminary tension member 43 is provided so as to generate a small amount of tension, and is configured to ensure reliable adhesion between the suction portion 71 and the plate portion 72. In the embodiment, the lower side is the plate portion 72 and the upper side is the suction portion 71, but when the suction force increases, both the upper and lower sides may be suction portions 71, 71 as shown in Fig. 5(E), or, although not shown, the lower side may be suction portion 71 and the upper side may be plate portion 72.

[0033] [Another example of the second embodiment of the manual type using thin metal plates] Fig. 13(A) shows another example of the second embodiment of the manual type of metal thin plate of the present invention, in which a reserve tension member 43 as a tension spring, which is a coil spring, is not used, and instead a tension wire such as a piano wire is hung on a 500cc or 1L bottle 45 of drinking water, which serves as a weight, via a pulley 44. As a result, a tension wire such as a piano wire is used instead of a coil spring as the reserve tension member 43, and as long as there is drinking water in the bottle 45, the reserve tension member 43 will function as the reserve tension member 43 even after a long period of time (about several years to about ten years). Furthermore, a whistle 46 is provided at the location of the drinking water bottle 45, which can be used for early rescue in the event of a major earthquake in which a house collapses and someone is saved inside the rectangular main panel 1 that has become three-dimensional.

[0034] [Metal sheet metal electric type] Next, an embodiment of the present invention for electrically (powered) bending of a metal thin plate will be described. In particular, the tension string 4 provided on the rectangular main plate 1 of the metal thin plate is electrically tensioned. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 16(A) and (B), the tension string 4 is provided with a small hoist 9 at the tip of the full-length tension string 41, and the locking part 97 of the small hoist 9 is locked at the middle position of the short-side string 3. The outer casing 91 of the small hoist 9 has a built-in rotating drum part 92, a wire 94 is wound around it, and a hook piece 93 exposed on the outside of the outer casing 91 can be wound up via a motor part 95 and a power supply part 96 (12V or 24V). A household AC power supply of 100V may be used for this power supply part 9c.

[0035] The actual amount of winding is about 40 cm to about 50 cm (distance Q), and a winding force of about 100 kg is required. The initial torque is quite large, and in particular, an initial force is required to curve the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate 1 made of a thin metal plate according to the present invention. A start button (not shown) is provided at the front position of the small hoist 9, and the moment the start button is pressed, the machine is driven to perform a shortening operation on the tension string-like object 4, and when a predetermined length has been shortened (wound up), a brake is automatically applied, and the rectangular main plate 1 is fixed while being curved in the longitudinal direction (X direction) as shown in FIG. 16(B).

[0036] [Actual usage of the present invention: Electric operation example] In the case of the electric type, since no human power is required for operation and the small hoisting machine 9 is provided, it is placed horizontally in everyday life as shown in FIG. 16(A) instead of vertically, and in the event of an actual major earthquake, the start button of the small hoisting machine 9 is pressed to instantly drive it and perform a shortening operation on the tension string-like object 4 to shorten (wind up) a predetermined length (distance Q), and the brake operation is applied to automatically stop it, and the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the rectangular main plate 1 is curved and fixed. Then, the body is protected in a prone position inside the curved rectangular main plate 1. In this way, it actually takes several seconds (about 3 to 6 seconds) from pressing the start switch to lying prone inside the rectangular main plate 1.

[0037] [Material mechanics, structural mechanics and mechanical considerations of the present invention] [No. 1] This is an idea to configure the rectangular main plate 1 to be flat in normal times, but curved (three-dimensional) in the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate 1 in the event of a major earthquake, and as one example, in the case of an S-type with a height of about 180 cm in the X direction and a width of 90 cm in the Y direction, it is possible to obtain a mechanically efficient operation in which the maximum curved height P in the Z direction can be reduced to about 46 cm as a three-dimensional shelter by simply pushing down the X direction by about 32 cm (distance Q). In other words, a shortening operation of just over 30 cm (distance Q) in the X direction can obtain a curved three-dimensional object with a maximum curved height P in the Z direction approximating to about 50 cm.

[0038] For the M type, if the height in the X direction is about 195 cm and the width in the Y direction is about 95 cm, then by simply pushing down the X direction by about 37 cm (distance Q), a three-dimensional shelter with a maximum curved height P in the Z direction of about 50 cm can be created. For the L type, if the height in the X direction is about 210 cm and the width in the Y direction is 110 cm, then by simply pushing down the X direction by just under 40 cm (distance Q), a three-dimensional shelter with a maximum curved height P in the Z direction of about 54 cm can be created.

[0039] [First conclusion] This is based on the condition that the length in the Y direction is about 90 cm and the length in the X direction is about 180 cm. If the distance Q in the X direction is pressed down and the distance P is bulged out in the Z direction, Distance Q<distance P There is a formula that says this.

[0040] That is, this invention takes into consideration the advantage that the distance P that bulges in the Z direction is greater than the distance Q in the direction of depression (X direction). As specific examples, the S type can be pushed down about 32 cm (distance Q) at about 180 cm in the X direction, and has a maximum height in the Z direction of about 46 cm (distance P). The M type can be pushed down about 37 cm (distance Q) at about 195 cm in the X direction, and has a maximum height in the Z direction of about 50 cm (distance P), and the L type can be pushed down about 40 cm (distance Q) at about 210 cm in the X direction, and has a maximum height in the Z direction of about 54 cm (distance P).

[0041] [Second] "Occurrence of the monocoque effect" In the present invention, short side strings 3, 3 are provided to connect the two corners of the short side 11, 11, and tension strings 4 are tied between the short side strings 3, 3, so that the four corners of the rectangular main plate 1 are curved to be tensioned, and the plate is fixed as shown in FIG. 6(A). Then, the end surface as viewed from the α-α arrow in FIG. 6(A) is curved, and the end surface as viewed from the β-β arrow in FIG. 6(A) is also curved, although flat. This is the structure that can only be achieved with elastic metal thin plates, and this shape allows for a strong monocoque semicircular arch shelter. For greater safety, a relatively thick material is preferable, but weight and other factors are also an issue, and the preferable value can be found through experiments.

[0042] [Third] The bending moment M is as shown in Figure 12(A). EI: bending strength 1 / ρ: Curvature of the deflection curve ρ: radius of curvature E: Modulus of elasticity M = (EI) × 1 / ρ (1)

[0043] The bending stiffness EI is determined by the material and cross-sectional shape of the metal material. In particular, the present invention proposes that the rectangular main plate 1 is flattened in normal times, but curved (three-dimensional) in a large earthquake. In particular, in a thin metal plate with excellent elasticity, the bending moment M is maximized when it is bent (from an instant to about several minutes), and at this time, as shown in Fig. 11(B), when the ceiling members (including beams) fall when the house collapses, it can withstand the falling load.

[0044] Specifically, elastic forces act from each part of the curved rectangular main plate 1 made of thin metal plate, and when observed moment by moment in detail, even if it becomes dented due to its elasticity, it bounces back irregularly and becomes strong enough to withstand the falling force when the house collapses, and the body can be hidden and protected inside the rectangular main plate 1 that becomes curved and expands in the Z direction and becomes three-dimensional. This is merely an assumption, and experiments are pending, and it is possible that it could withstand a falling load of several tons when the house collapses, although it depends on the quality of the metal material.

[0045] [4th] The bending stiffness EI is affected by the cross-sectional shape of the metal material, specifically in terms of material mechanics and structural mechanics. When viewed as a rectangular cross section of the metal material, it is shown in the upper part of Figure 12(B), but even if it is made into a thin plate as in the present invention [lower part of Figure 12(B)], it is expressed by the same section modulus Z. In other words, Z = b × (t squared) × 1 / 6 (2) According to formula (2), the section modulus is proportional to the square of the plate thickness. Therefore, if the plate thickness is doubled, the section modulus Z becomes four times as large. This means that even if the patented invention were made from a metal plate with a thickness of about 1.2 mm, it would weigh about 20 kg, making it difficult to handle.

[0046] [Reinforcement measures for the rectangular main plate 1 made of thin metal plate] As shown in FIG. 7(A), as an example of reinforcing the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the rectangular main plate 1, a plurality of ribs 16 (four in the drawing) are provided at a predetermined interval in the width direction near the short sides 12 of the rectangular main plate 1. This is particularly effective against collision loads during large earthquakes. As shown in FIG. 9, the rectangular main plate 1 is reinforced as bent portions 21, 21 in the Y direction near both short sides 12, 12. The bent portions 21 increase the strength in the Y direction (width direction). As shown in FIG. 10(A), zigzag ribs 17 may be provided near both short sides 12, 12 of the rectangular main plate 1. The zigzag ribs 17 can reinforce the rectangular main plate 1 in the longitudinal direction (X direction) and width direction (Y direction).

[0047] Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 10, one reinforcing member 22 [see Figs. 10(A), (B), and (D)] or two reinforcing members 22 [see Fig. 10(E)] are provided across the entire width of both short sides 12 of the rectangular main plate 1. The folded portions 21 and reinforcing members 22 are collectively referred to as the "reinforcing member 2." Furthermore, the reinforcing member 2 is provided across the entire width of the short sides 12 of the rectangular main plate 1, but may be provided across about 90% (almost the entire width), which is also included in the entire width.

[0048] [Safety measures for thin rectangular metal main plate 1] The rectangular main board 1 is a thin metal plate, but since there is a risk of injury if handled with bare hands, decorative frame material 15a with a U-shaped cross section is provided on the long sides 11, 11 and short sides 12, 12 of the plate to protect them with adhesive or the like, as shown in Fig. 14(A). Furthermore, corner pieces 15b as shown in Fig. 14(B) are provided at the corners of the rectangular main board 1, and while being elastic, they act as a base when placed vertically (see Fig. 1(A)) or horizontally (see Fig. 16(A)).

[0049] [Installation configuration of short side string-like object 3] The configuration shown in Fig. 14(C) is another embodiment of the mounting structure of the short side string-like object 3 to the corner 13 of the rectangular main plate 1, in which a headed pin 13b is inserted into a hole 13a provided at the corner, and the end of the short side string-like object 3 is tied to the hole 13a provided at the tip of the headed pin 13b. This has the advantage of making it easier to bend the rectangular main plate 1 in the longitudinal direction (X direction). Also, as shown in Fig. 14(D), two notches 13c, 13c may be formed at the corner 13 to tie the end of the short side string-like object 3 thereto.

[0050] [3 types of rectangular metal thin plate main panel 1] Figure 15(C) is an S-type elevation of the rectangular main board 1, with a height in the X direction of approximately 180 cm and a width in the Y direction of approximately 90 cm, Figure 15(D) is an M-type elevation of the rectangular main board 1, with a height in the X direction of approximately 195 cm and a width in the Y direction of approximately 95 cm or approximately 100 cm, and Figure 15(E) is an L-type elevation of the rectangular main board 1, with a height in the X direction of approximately 210 cm and a width in the Y direction of approximately 100 cm or approximately 110 cm.

[0051] [Example of embodiment] A rectangular metal plate 1 is 0.8 mm thick, with a long side 11 of 90 cm and a short side 12 of 45 cm. In order to provide the short side strings 3, 3 and the tension strings 4 to make a curved shape, a considerable force is required to shorten the tension strings 4. Here, it is important to note that even if the material is the same, if the plate thickness is increased even slightly, the strength is affected by the section modulus, so it is calculated as the square of the plate thickness t. For example, the thickness is calculated as 0.8 x 0.8 = t squared, and t (the desired plate thickness) is about 1.13 mm, specifically, the commercially available plate thickness is 1.2 mm. In other words, in order to double the bending moment force M of a metal material with a thickness of 0.8 mm, it is possible to obtain a plate thickness of 1.2 mm, which is 50% thicker, because it affects not only the bending stiffness EI but also the section modulus Z.

[0052] [Made of FRP materials] Also, the explanations up to now have been of thin metal plates (steel, stainless steel, etc.), but this material has been changed to an FRP member (fiber reinforced plastics) as shown in Figures 18 and 19. Even with this FRP member, the manpower required to curve it from the state in Figure 18(A) to the state in Figure 18(B) is expected to be the same as that for thin metal plates (steel, stainless steel, etc.) (approximately 35 kg to 70 kg).

[0053] In terms of size, as shown in Fig. 18(A), the manual type of FRP member has a width in the Y direction of about 100 cm and a height in the X direction of about 200 cm, and is provided with short side string-like members 3, 3 and tensioning string-like member 4 in the same manner as the above-mentioned metal thin plate (steel, stainless steel member, etc.). Furthermore, the configuration of the two members, the full-length tensioning string-like member 41, the majority tensioning string-like member 42 and the preliminary tensioning member 43, the hook portion 5 which is the shortening operation member S via the pull handle 81, the magnetic member 6, the attraction member 7, etc. are provided in the same manner as the members shown in Figs. 3 to 5.

[0054] In addition, as shown in Fig. 19(A), in the case of an electric (powered) type FRP member, the width in the Y direction is about 100 cm and the height in the X direction is about 200 cm, and short side string-like members 3, 3 and tension string-like members 4 are provided in the same manner as the above-mentioned metal thin plate (steel, stainless steel member, etc.). In particular, like the small hoisting machine 9 shown in Fig. 16, it is configured to be able to hoist with about 100 kg, and the rectangular main plate 1 of the FRP member is configured to be curved and fixed with the hoisting force of about 100 kg.

[0055] Also, although it has been explained that the rectangular main plate 1 of the FRP member is formed so that the width in the Y direction is about 100 cm and the height in the X direction is about 200 cm, it may be formed to a size similar to the S type shown in Fig. 15(C), the M type shown in Fig. 15(D), or the L type shown in Fig. 15(E), which are examples of sizes of the rectangular main plate 1 of the metal thin plate described above. In particular, in Fig. 18(A) and Fig. 19(A), it is bent by about several degrees in the longitudinal direction (X direction) to be formed into a roughly V-shape, which is included in the definition of a flat shape.

[0056] [How to hang "Noren 85" on a daily basis] The one shown in Fig. 17(B) is a "curtain 85" for daily use, with a total width equal to the total width in the Y direction of the rectangular main panel 1, and with one or more splits 85a. As shown in Fig. 17(A), the curtain 85 is intended to be hung on the upper half of a curtain placed vertically in daily use as a wall painting or decorative picture. It is particularly important that the pull handle 81 is located directly behind the position of the split 85a. This allows the pull handle 81 to be grasped reliably while checking the split 85a in the event of a major earthquake, which may occur at any time.

[0057] The one shown in Figure 17(C) is an electric type of the present invention, which is usually placed horizontally and has a curtain 85 hung over more than half of the upper side to serve as a wall picture. In this case, what is necessary is that the position of the split portion 85a be aligned directly in front of the start switch of the small hoist 9 so that the start switch can be pressed immediately.

[0058] The curtain 85 shown in Fig. 17(C) has two slits 85a, and there is no slit 85a in the middle. The design on the curtain 85 is not limited to the family crest, a favorite painting, or various character drawings, and can be anything that can be used for decoration. The reason is that during everyday life, the main frame of the rectangular main panel 1 is covered with the decorative curtain 85, providing a safe and secure way to spend your daily life, but in the event of a major earthquake, this frame can also serve as a shelter for the body, making this an invention that can play a major role. [Explanation of symbols]

[0059] 1...rectangular main plate, 11...long side, 12...short side, 13...corner portion, 3...short side string-like object, 2...reinforcing body, 4...tension string-like object, 5...hook portion, 6...magnetic member, 7...attraction member, S...Shortening operation part.

Claims

1. The long side of a rectangular main plate made of a thin metal plate is in the longitudinal direction and the short side is in the width direction, and a short side string-like object is provided at each of the opposing short side locations, and a tension string-like object is tied between the two short side string-like objects, A body shelter characterized in that the rectangular main plate is flattened during normal operation, and during a major earthquake, the tension cord-like members are appropriately shortened by the tensile force of a power source, and the entire longitudinal direction of the rectangular main plate is curved and fixed.

2. A body shelter comprising a rectangular main panel made of a thin metal plate with its long sides in the longitudinal direction and its short sides in the width direction, with reinforcing bodies provided across the entire width of both short sides, and tensioning string-like objects tied between the opposing reinforcing bodies, wherein the rectangular main panel is flattened under normal conditions, and during a major earthquake, the tensioning string-like objects are appropriately shortened by the tensile force of a power source, and the longitudinal direction of the rectangular main panel is formed into a curved shape and fixed.

3. 3. The body shelter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a small hoist as the power source is provided at an appropriate position of the tension cord-like material.

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