A heat collecting / heating unit and a power generating unit using the heat collecting / heating unit.

Abstract

Low-temperature heat from the sun, the atmosphere, the earth, lakes, rivers, and oceans, and various types of waste heat are not being effectively utilized as energy sources. [Solution] At least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, lake / river / ocean water heat, and various types of exhaust heat is collected in the outer case of the heat collection / heating unit, and the collected heat is radiated to the inner case via a vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber. The heat medium is heated by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber in the heat medium heat exchange flow path, and can be effectively used as electricity by generating electricity using the heat source and / or the heat collection / heating unit.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat collection / heating unit for collecting at least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of waste heat, and for effectively utilizing it as an energy source, and a power generation unit using the heat collection / heating unit. [Background technology]

[0002] The low-temperature heat is not effectively utilized as an energy source. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7300600 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The challenge is to construct a unit that collects and heats the low-temperature heat, and a power generation unit that uses the heat collection and heating unit. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The low-temperature heat is collected, the heat collection and heating unit is made of a concentric double cylindrical tube and a concentric double spherical shell structure, and the heat medium and / or thermoelectric element are heated by vacuum and blackbody concentrated radiation. It is effectively used as a heat source for heat and power generation.

[0006] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is to provide a heat collection / heating unit configured to collect at least one type of low-temperature heat among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, sea water heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat, and to exchange heat with a heat medium, thereby raising the temperature of the heat medium, the unit comprising an outer case having an inner circumferential surface treated as a black body, and an inner case disposed within the outer case and having an outer circumferential surface treated as a black body, the outer circumferential surface of the outer case forming a heat collection surface for collecting at least one type of low-temperature heat among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, sea water heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat, the space between the outer case and the inner case forming a sealed vacuum / black body concentrated irradiation chamber in which the heat collected by the heat collection surface is dissipated, the inner case comprising an inner case body and a main pipe body disposed within the inner case body, and a space between the inner case body and the main pipe body the space forms a sealed heat medium heat exchange flow path, the main pipe body has an inlet pipe through which the heat medium flows in from the outside, an outlet pipe through which the heat medium flows out to the outside, and a stopper that closes and connects one end of the inlet pipe and one end of the outlet pipe, the other end of the inlet pipe and the other end of the outlet pipe are arranged outside the outer case, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe have a plurality of heat medium flow path holes formed in their pipe walls, the heat medium supplied to the inlet pipe flows out into the heat medium heat exchange flow path through the heat medium flow path holes formed in the inlet pipe, and is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber, the heat medium is configured to be able to flow into the outlet pipe through the heat medium flow path holes formed in the outlet pipe, and flows out to the outside from the other end of the outlet pipe.

[0007] It is also preferable that a plurality of first fins are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer case, and a plurality of second fins are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the inner case body.

[0008] It is preferable that a fin tip portion of the second fin is disposed opposite the heat medium passage hole formed in the inlet pipe.

[0009] The heat medium passage holes formed in the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are preferably arranged in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0010] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is also achieved by a power generation unit comprising the heat collecting / heating unit, a heat medium turbine, a condenser, and a generator, in which the heat medium is heated in the heat medium heat exchange passage of the heat collecting / heating unit to form medium vapor, and the generator is driven by the heat medium turbine to generate electricity.

[0011] The above object of the present invention is also achieved by a power generation unit including the heat collecting / heating unit, a compressor, an expansion valve, and a Stirling engine generator, in which a heat receiving part of the Stirling engine generator is heated by a heat medium in the heat medium heat exchange flow path of the heat collecting / heating unit, and further compressed by a compressor, and then heated by the high-temperature heat medium to generate power.

[0012] The above object of the present invention is also achieved by a power generation unit including the heat collecting / heating unit and a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the inner case body. Effect of the Invention

[0013] The low-temperature heat mentioned above is abundant and can be distributed regionally as clean energy. It is useful as a heat source for local production and consumption and for power generation. In addition, it contributes to global warming countermeasures by effectively utilizing solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, sea water heat, lake water heat, and various types of waste heat. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat collecting and heating unit. [Diagram 2] This is a cross-sectional view of the heat collecting and heating unit taken along the line AA and BB. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the outer case of the heat collecting / heating unit. [Figure 4]FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the inner case of the heat collecting / heating unit. [Diagram 5] DD-EE cross-sectional view of the inner case of the heat collecting / heating unit. FIG. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the assembly process for the heat collecting and heating unit. [Figure 7] This is a power generation unit that uses a heat collection and heating unit. [Figure 8] This is an example of a power generation unit that uses the functions of a heat collection and heating unit. [Figure 9] This is an example of installation of a heat collection and heating unit 1 / 2. [Figure 10] This is example 2 / 2 of the installation of a heat collection and heating unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] The details of an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. It should be noted that the following embodiment is merely an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its applications, or its uses.

[0016] The heat collecting / heating unit 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is composed of an outer case 20 and an inner case 30. An outer case main body 21 is on the outside, and an inner case main body 31 is assembled in the center inside the outer case main body 21 in the form of a concentric double circular tube and / or a concentric double spherical shell. The inner peripheral surface of the outer case body 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner case body 31 are subjected to blackbody treatment. The space between the outer case 20 and the inner case 30 is closed at both ends of the outer case 20 by blind flanges IN22 and EX23, and is evacuated by vacuum check valve 24.

[0017] The outer peripheral surface of the outer case 20 is a heat collecting surface 40, the space between the outer case 20 and the inner case 30 is a vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50, and the space between the inner case body 31 and the main pipe body 32 is a heat medium heat exchange flow path 60.

[0018] The outer case 20 shown in Fig. 3 is composed of an outer case body 21, a blind flange IN 22, a blind flange EX 23, an O-ring 22a, a dust seal 22b, a bolt 22c, and a vacuum check valve 24. The outer case body 21 is integrally formed by joining a circular pipe 21a, a spherical shell 21b, a first fin 21c, a connecting pipe 21d, and a flange 21e. A plurality of first fins 21c are provided at predetermined intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the outer case body 21 to increase the heat collection area. The flange 21e has a circular opening in the center for mounting the inner case 30. The outer peripheral surface of the outer case body 21 is colored to increase heat collection efficiency, for example, black.

[0019] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the inner case 30 is composed of an inner case body 31, a main pipe body 32, O-rings 32h, 32j, 32k, and 32l, nuts 32i and 32m, and a heat insulating material 32n. The inner case body 31 is integrated by joining a circular pipe 31a, a spherical shell 31b, a second fin 31c, an IN boss 31d, and an EX boss 31e. A plurality of second fins 31c are provided at predetermined intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the inner case body 31 to increase the heat exchange area.

[0020] The main pipe body 32 is integrally formed by joining the inlet pipe 32a, the outlet pipe 32b, the stopper 32c, the boss IN 32d, the boss EX 32e, the boss A 32f, and the boss B 32g. The stopper 32c is joined between the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b, and the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b are closed. The inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b have heat medium passage holes 32o in the pipe walls thereof, which are arranged in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction at positions facing the second fins 31c of the inner case body 31.

[0021] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, low-temperature heat from the sun, air, earth, river water, sea water, lake water, and various types of exhaust heat is collected on the heat collection surface 40 and radiated to the inner case body 31 via the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50.

[0022] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the heat medium enters the inside of the inflow pipe 32a from the outside, flows out to the heat medium heat exchange passage 60 through the heat medium passage hole 32o, is heated in the heat medium heat exchange passage 60 by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50, enters the inside of the outflow pipe 32b through the heat medium passage hole 32o, and flows out to the outside.

[0023] The heat medium flow passage holes 32o formed in the pipe walls of the inflow pipe 32a and the outflow pipe 32b are arranged at positions facing the tips of the second fins 31c of the inner case body 31, so that the heat medium flows in a turbulent state in the heat medium heat exchange passage 60, and high heat exchange efficiency is obtained by a synergistic effect with the second fins 31c provided to increase the heat exchange area. In addition, it is more preferable from the viewpoint of flowing the heat medium in a turbulent state to arrange the heat medium flow passage holes 32o in a staggered manner along the longitudinal direction of the inflow pipe 32a and the outflow pipe 32b.

[0024] The materials for the outer case and inner case of the heat collection / heating unit should have thermal conductivity, ability to be blackened, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, weldability, and plastic workability, for example, stainless steel, and heat-resistant rubber should be used for packing.

[0025] Figure 6 shows an overview of the assembly process of the heat collecting and heating unit. As shown in FIG. 1C, O-ring 32h is attached to boss IN 32d of main pipe body 32, and O-ring 32j is attached to boss EX 32e. Then, boss IN 32d is inserted into boss IN 31d of inner case body 31, and boss EX 31e is inserted into boss EX 32e of inner case body 31, and inner case body 31 and main pipe body 32 are assembled with nut 32i. O-ring 32h and O-ring 32j are attached to prevent leakage between inner case body 31 and main pipe body 32.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 6D, an O-ring 22a and a dust seal 22b are attached to the blind flange IN22 of the outer case 20, and the blind flange IN22 is attached to the flange 21e of the outer case body 21 with bolts 22c.

[0027] 6E, an O-ring 32k is attached to boss A 32f of the main pipe body 32, an O-ring 32l is attached to boss B 32g, and a heat insulating material 32n is attached to pipe EX32b. An O-ring 22a and a vacuum check valve 24 are attached to the blind flange EX23 of the outer case 20, and boss B 32g of the main pipe body 32 is inserted into the central hole of the blind flange EX23, and the inner case body 31 and the blind flange EX23 are assembled with a nut 32m.

[0028] As shown in Fig. 6F, the inner case body 31 and the blind flange EX23 are assembled, and the boss A32f of the main pipe body 32 is inserted into the central hole of the blind flange IN22 of the outer case body 21. The insertion part of the boss A32f is of a sliding type to accommodate thermal expansion in the longitudinal direction. The blind flange EX23 is assembled to the flange 21e of the outer case body 21 with the bolt 22c.

[0029] The O-rings 22a, 32k, and 32l prevent vacuum leakage from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber, the dust seal 22b prevents dust from entering due to thermal expansion of the main pipe body 32 in the longitudinal direction, and the heat insulator 32n is installed to insulate the outflow pipe 32b. The vacuum check valve 24 draws a vacuum in the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50 and maintains the vacuum state.

[0030] FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a power generation unit using a heat collecting and heating unit 10. The power generation unit shown in FIG. 7A is a binary power generation unit including a heat collecting / heating unit 10, a heat medium turbine, a generator, and a condenser. Specifically, this is a power generation unit in which a heat medium such as water or ammonia water, pentane, or alternative freon, which has a boiling point lower than that of water, is heated in the heat medium heat exchange passage 60 of the heat collection / heating unit 10 to produce medium vapor, and this medium vapor is used to rotate a heat medium turbine, thereby driving a generator and generating electricity. The boiled working medium is cooled by the condenser, returns to the heat collecting / heating unit 10, and circulates through the power generation unit.

[0031] The power generating unit shown in FIG. 7B is a Stirling engine power generating unit including a heat collecting / heating unit 10, a compressor, an expansion valve, and a Stirling engine generator. A Stirling engine is a type of external combustion engine, and is driven by heating and cooling the gas inside the engine from the outside to expand and contract. A heat medium such as CO2 or N2 is heated in the heat medium heat exchange passage 60 of the heat collecting and heating unit 10, and the heat medium compressed and heated in the compressor is used to heat the heat receiving part of the Stirling engine generator, generating electricity. The heat medium is reduced in pressure and temperature by the expansion valve, returns to the heat collecting and heating unit 10, and circulates through the power generation unit.

[0032] FIG. 8 shows an example of a thermoelectric conversion element power generation unit that uses the function of the heat collecting and heating unit 10. The power generation unit shown in FIG. 8 using thermoelectric conversion elements has a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner case body 31 of the heat collection / heating unit 10, and the low-temperature heat collected on the heat collection surface 40 is radiated to the thermoelectric conversion elements via the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50 for heating. This power generation unit generates electricity using the temperature difference between the heating side and the cooling side of the thermoelectric conversion element by flowing cooling water, for example, as a heat medium through the heat medium exchange flow path 60, and can extract the electricity through a vacuum connector. Since it is predicted that the power generation efficiency will increase if the temperature difference between the heating side and the cooling side of each of the multiple thermoelectric conversion elements is kept approximately constant, for example, the shape of the outer case body 21 is made conical, with the inlet pipe 32a side of the main pipe body 32 being narrower and the outlet pipe 32b side being wider, as shown in Figure 8. In all of the binary power generation units, Stirling engine power generation units, and thermoelectric conversion element power generation units, the cooling water is heated through heat exchange, so it can be used for hot water supply and heating, for example.

[0033] FIG. 9A shows an example of a vertical installation of the heat collecting / heating unit 10, FIG. 9B shows an example of a horizontal installation, and FIG. 10 shows an example of a floating installation of the heat collecting / heating unit 10. The higher the flow rate of gas or liquid on the outer surface (heat collection surface 40) of the outer case 20, the higher the heat transfer rate, the more convection is promoted, and the less the effect of the boundary layer is, resulting in more efficient heat conduction. By taking these factors into consideration, the efficiency of heat management can be significantly improved, and the thermal conductivity and heat collection efficiency can be increased by installing, for example, a fan or screw as auxiliary equipment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] 10··Heat collection / heating unit 20··Outer case 30··Inner case 40··Heat collecting surface 50··Vacuum·Blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 60··Heat medium heat exchange passage 21··Outer case body 21a·Circular tube 21b·Spherical shell 21c·First fin 21d·Connecting pipe 21e·Flange 22··Blind flange IN 22a·0 ring 22b Dust seal 22c Bolt 23··Blind flange EX 24 Vacuum check valve 31··Inner case body 31a·Circular tube 31b·Spherical shell 31c 2nd fin 31d Boss IN 31e Boss EX 32 Main pipe main body 32a Inflow pipe 32b Outflow pipe 32c·Stop plug 32d·Boss IN 32e·Boss EX 32f Boss A 32g Boss B 32h 0 ring 32i nut 32j 0 ring 32k 0 ring 32l 0 ring 32m nut 32n·Insulation material 32o·Heat medium passage hole

Claims

1. A heat collection and heating unit configured to collect at least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat, and to exchange the heat with a heat medium, and to raise the temperature of the heat medium, The device includes an outer case having an inner circumferential surface that is blackbody treated, and an inner case that is disposed within the outer case and has an outer circumferential surface that is blackbody treated, the outer circumferential surface of the outer case constitutes a heat collecting surface that collects at least one type of low-temperature heat among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, sea water heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat; a space between the outer case and the inner case constitutes a sealed vacuum / blackbody concentrated irradiation chamber in which the heat collected by the heat collecting surface is dissipated, The inner case includes an inner case body and a main pipe body disposed within the inner case body, a space between the inner case body and the main pipe body constitutes a sealed heat medium heat exchange passage, the main pipe body includes an inlet pipe through which the heat medium flows in from the outside, an outlet pipe through which the heat medium flows out to the outside, and a stopper that closes and connects one end of the inlet pipe and one end of the outlet pipe, the other end of the inlet pipe and the other end of the outlet pipe are disposed outside the outer case, A plurality of heat medium passage holes are formed in the pipe walls of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, A heat collection / heating unit characterized in that the heat medium supplied to the inflow pipe flows out into the heat medium heat exchange flow passage through the heat medium flow passage hole formed in the inflow pipe, and in the heat medium heat exchange flow passage, heat exchange occurs between the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber and the heat medium is heated, and is configured to be able to flow into the inside of the outflow pipe through the heat medium flow passage hole formed in the outflow pipe, and flows out to the outside from the other end of the outflow pipe.

2. The heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of first fins are provided on an outer peripheral surface of the outer case, and a plurality of second fins are provided on an inner peripheral surface of the inner case body.

3. 3 . The heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 2 , wherein a fin tip of the second fin is disposed opposite the heat medium flow passage hole formed in the inlet pipe. 4 .

4. The heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat medium flow path holes formed in the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are arranged in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

5. 3. A power generation unit comprising the heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1 or 2, a heat medium turbine, a generator, and a condenser, wherein the heat medium is heated in the heat medium heat exchange passage of the heat collecting / heating unit to form medium vapor, and the heat medium turbine is used to drive the generator to generate power.

6. A power generation unit comprising the heat collecting and heating unit according to claim 1 or 2, a compressor, an expansion valve, and a Stirling engine generator, A power generation unit in which a heat receiving portion of the Stirling engine generator is heated by a heat medium which is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path of the heat collecting / heating unit and further compressed in a compressor, and then heated by the high-temperature heat medium to generate power.

7. 3. A power generation unit comprising: the heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1; and a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the inner case body.

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