Press device for hot forging and die lubrication method for hot forging press device

Abstract

To provide a press device, capable of efficiently spraying a lubricant on the first and second metal molds and hard to generate failure or the like.SOLUTION: Disclosed is a press device 10 comprising: a support medium 11 capable of installing a first metal mold 16 therein; a slide 17 capable of installing a second metal mold 18 and movable toward the first metal mold 16 together with the second mold 18; a drive part 20 for moving the slide 17; a lubricant spaying part 30 comprising nozzles 31 for spraying a lubricant L on the molds 16 and 18; and a control part 40 making the slide 17 move to the drive part 20 and making the lubricant L inject from the nozzle 31 onto the lubricant spraying part 30. The control part 40 makes the lubricant L spray from the nozzles 31 onto the spraying part 30 in such a state as making the slide 17 move to the drive part 20 so that the molds 16 and 18 approach the drive part near compared to the movable maximum width of the slide 17.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention provides Hot forging is carried out Press equipment and Hot forging is carried out The present invention relates to a method for lubricating a die in a press machine. [Background technology]

[0002] As a press device for performing hot forging and the like, a press device that lubricates a first die and a second die between forging and the next forging has been known, for example as described in Patent Document 1. In some cases, a nozzle is advanced between the separated first and second dies, and the dies are lubricated by spraying a lubricant from the nozzle onto each of the dies.

[0003] However, in such a press device, the distance between the nozzle and each die is large, and it may not be possible to spray a sufficient amount of lubricant onto the surface of the die. To achieve this, a large amount of lubricant may be sprayed, but this results in an amount of lubricant that is greater than necessary and also causes problems such as the lubricant scattering around.

[0004] For this reason, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which the nozzle is configured to be movable in the vertical direction, and the nozzle is moved upward to spray lubricant onto the second mold, and moved downward to spray lubricant onto the first mold. Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 3 discloses a method in which two nozzles are used, one on the top and one on the bottom, and lubricant is sprayed from the upper nozzle onto the second mold and from the lower nozzle onto the first mold. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3663153 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 5039047 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 5112903 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, according to the description in Patent Document 2, when the nozzle is moved upward to spray lubricant onto the second die, lubricant is also sprayed from the lower side of the nozzle, and when the nozzle is moved downward to spray lubricant onto the first die, lubricant is also sprayed from the upper side of the nozzle. As a result, the amount of lubricant increases by the amount of these unnecessary sprays, making it impossible to spray the lubricant efficiently. Furthermore, in the method of Patent Document 2, the nozzle is moved up and down for each forging cycle, but with such a configuration, the durability of the mechanism for moving the nozzle up and down becomes an issue, and it is thought that breakdowns and other problems may become more likely to occur.

[0007] Furthermore, the method of Patent Document 3 requires two nozzles, which increases the number of parts and leads to an increase in the cost of the press device. Furthermore, an increase in the number of parts increases the number of points that can cause breakdowns and makes maintenance more difficult.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and aims to provide a press apparatus and a die lubrication method for a press apparatus that can efficiently spray lubricant onto the first die and the second die and is less likely to malfunction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present invention Hot forging is carried out According to one aspect of the press device, A support body to which a first mold can be attached; a slide to which a second mold can be attached and which is movable together with the second mold toward the first mold; a drive unit for moving the slide; a lubricant spraying unit including a nozzle for spraying a lubricant onto the second mold and the first mold; a control unit that causes the drive unit to move the slide and causes the lubricant spray unit to spray the lubricant from the nozzle; Equipped with The control unit controls the drive unit to move the slide so that the first mold and the second mold are closer to each other than the maximum width over which the slide can be moved. , stopping the slide In this state, the lubricant is sprayed from the nozzle onto the lubricant spraying section.

[0010] The present invention Hot forging is carried out According to one aspect of the die lubrication method for a press apparatus, The maximum width that the slide can move Also 1 mold and The slide is moved so that the two molds approach each other, and the The aforementioned The second mold is brought close to the first mold. , stopping the slide and a mold proximity process. In the mold approaching step, the slide is stopped. a lubricant spraying step of spraying a lubricant onto the second mold and the first mold by injecting the lubricant from a nozzle; It has. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently spray lubricant onto the first and second dies, and breakdowns and the like are less likely to occur. Hot forging is carried out Press equipment and Hot forging is carried out It is possible to provide a method for lubricating a die in a press device. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view illustrating a configuration example of a press device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating an example of the configuration of a lubricant spraying unit. [Figure 3] 3 is a flowchart showing the steps of a die lubrication method for a press machine according to the present invention. [Figure 4]4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating a press motion of a slide in the first embodiment. [Figure 5] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an example of a press motion of a slide in a general press device. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the first mold and the second mold are separated from the nozzle, and illustrates that it is difficult for the lubricant to reach the side surface of the recess provided in the mold. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing that in the first embodiment, the distance between the nozzle and the first mold and the distance between the nozzle and the second mold are short, and the lubricant can easily reach the side portions of the recesses provided in the molds. [Figure 8] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating modified examples of the press motion of the slide. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a front view illustrating a configuration example of a press device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 10] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a modified example of the press motion of the slide in the second embodiment. [Figure 11] 10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating an example of a press motion of a slide in the third embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a front view illustrating an example of the configuration of a press device according to a fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a press apparatus and a die lubrication method for a press apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the terms "upper", "lower", and "left" are used in accordance with the vertical and horizontal directions in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to this case.

[0014] [First embodiment] FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of the configuration of a press device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The press device 10 includes a bed 11, an upright 12, a crown 13, a bed hard plate 15, a first die 16, a slide 17, a second die 18, a drive unit 20, a lubricant spray unit 30, a control unit 40, and the like.

[0015] The bed 11, the upright 12, and the crown 13 form the frame of the press device 10. Tie rods 14a are inserted into the bed 11, the upright 12, and the crown 13, and are fastened together by being tightened with tie rod nuts 14b. The bed 11 is designed so that a first mold 16 can be attached to its upper surface via a bed hard plate 15. That is, in this embodiment, the bed 11 corresponds to a support to which the first mold can be attached. Although FIG. 1 shows a case in which two first molds 16 are attached to the top of the bed hard plate 15, there may be one or more first molds 16.

[0016] The slide 17 is adapted to have a second mold 18 attached to its lower portion. The slide 17 is supported by a slide guide 19 provided on the upright 12 so as to be movable together with the second mold 18 toward the first mold 16. That is, in the case of FIG. 1, the slide 17 is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction. 1 shows a case where two second molds 18 are attached to the bottom of the slide 17, but there may be one or more second molds 18. The two second molds 18 and the two first molds 16 form pairs corresponding to each other, are arranged in the left-right direction of the device, and are opposed to each other in the upper and lower directions.

[0017] As the slide 17 moves down, the first die 16 and the second die 18 approach each other, and an object to be forged (not shown) is formed between them. The direction in which the slide 17 moves, i.e., the pressing direction, is not limited to the up and down direction and is not particularly limited. In addition, a conveying device (not shown) is provided near the first mold 16 and the second mold 18. When the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are separated from each other, the conveying device carries the workpiece into the first mold 16 from outside, conveys the workpiece from the first mold 16 to another first mold 16 in sequence, or conveys the workpiece from the first mold 16 to the outside.

[0018] The drive unit 20 is a mechanism for moving the slide 17 . In this embodiment, the drive unit 20 includes a motor 21, a flywheel 22, a clutch / brake 23, a transmission shaft 24, a reducer 25, an eccentric shaft 26, a servo motor 27, a connecting rod 28, and the like.

[0019] The motor 21 is fixed to one end of a frame such as the crown 13. The motor 21 is connected to a flywheel 22 via a belt 21a, and rotates the flywheel 22 by its power. The flywheel 22 is rotatably supported by the frame and stores rotational energy.

[0020] The clutch brake 23 is disposed near the flywheel 22 and is fixed to one axial end of the transmission shaft 24. The clutch brake 23 switches between connection and disconnection between the flywheel 22 and the transmission shaft 24, and brakes the transmission shaft 24. That is, when the flywheel 22 and the transmission shaft 24 are connected by the clutch brake 23, the rotational motion of the flywheel 22 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 24. When the connection between the flywheel 22 and the transmission shaft 24 is released by the clutch brake 23, the transmission shaft 24 begins to spin freely, and when the transmission shaft 24 is braked by the clutch brake 23, the rotation of the transmission shaft 24 slows down or stops.

[0021] The transmission shaft 24 rotates around a central rotation axis Ax, and transmits the rotational motion of the flywheel 22 to a reducer 25 provided on the other end side of the frame. The reducer 25 reduces the speed of the rotational motion of the transmission shaft 24 and transmits it to the eccentric shaft 26, causing the eccentric shaft 26 to rotate.

[0022] The eccentric shaft 26 is supported via bearings on the frames of the crown 13, the upright 12, etc. so as to be rotatable about a rotation center axis Ax that is coaxial with the transmission shaft 24. The eccentric shaft 26 has a hollow portion that passes through along the central axis of rotation Ax, and the transmission shaft 24 is disposed in this hollow portion so as to be rotatable relative to the eccentric shaft 26 .

[0023] The servo motor 27 is fixed to the side of the frame by being provided at the reducer 25 , and the output shaft of the servo motor 27 is directly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 24 . The servo motor 27 can change the rotation speed as desired during one rotation and can be stopped at any rotation angle, so by controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft 24, the speed of the up and down movement of the slide 17 can be changed during one stroke via the reducer 25, eccentric shaft 26, etc., and the slide 17 can be stopped at any position.

[0024] As described above, this embodiment is provided with both the flywheel 22 and the servo motor 27, and is capable of switching between rotational driving of the transmission shaft 24 using the rotational energy of the flywheel 22 and rotational driving of the transmission shaft 24 by the servo motor 27. The eccentric shaft 26 is rotated by the rotational driving of either the flywheel 22 or the servo motor 27 via the transmission shaft 24 and the reducer 25. When the flywheel 22 is used for rotational drive, the transmission shaft 24 and the eccentric shaft 26 rotate only in a fixed direction, but the servo motor 27 is capable of rotating the transmission shaft 24 and the eccentric shaft 26 not only in the same direction as the fixed direction but also in the opposite direction, i.e., reverse rotation.

[0025] The connecting rod 28 is attached to the eccentric portion of the eccentric shaft 26 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis Ax, and the slide 17 is attached to the lower end thereof. The connecting rod 28 converts the rotational motion of the eccentric shaft 26 into linear motion and transmits it to the slide 17, thereby moving the slide 17 in the vertical direction, i.e., in the direction toward the first mold 16.

[0026] Although not shown, the press machine 10 has necessary sensors such as a sensor for detecting the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 and a sensor for detecting the position of the slide 17, for example, a stroke from the bottom dead center. It is also possible to configure the servo motor 27 to calculate the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 based on information detected by an encoder built in the servo motor 27.

[0027] The lubricant spraying section 30 is equipped with a nozzle 31 that sprays lubricant L onto the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, and the nozzle 31 is adapted to advance into and retreat from the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18. FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of the configuration of the lubricant spraying unit.

[0028] The lubricant spraying unit 30 includes, for example, an arm 32 having a nozzle 31 at its tip that can spray the lubricant L upward and downward. Although not shown, a pipe is provided within the arm 32 to allow the lubricant to flow to the nozzle 31, and the lubricant is supplied from a tank to the nozzle 31 and sprayed from the nozzle 31.

[0029] The arm 32 is supported by a bearing 33 and a reciprocating member 34 so as to face in a substantially horizontal direction. By rotating the screw shaft 35, which screws into the female screw portion formed on the advancing / retreating member 34, around its axis using a motor 36, the advancing / retreating member 34 can be moved in an approximately horizontal direction, and the arm 32 and nozzle 31 can be moved in an approximately horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the lubricant spraying section 30 is thus configured so that the nozzle 31 can be advanced into and retreated from the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, as shown in FIG.

[0030] In addition, in the lubricant spraying section 30 shown in Figure 2, the height of the arm 32 and nozzle 31 from the floor can be adjusted by changing the length of the support frame 37 that supports the arm 32 and other components from below. In addition, the following describes the case where the nozzle 31 is advanced into the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 and the lubricant L is sprayed from the nozzle 31 onto the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, but it is also possible to configure the nozzle 31 to be positioned outside the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 and spray the lubricant L onto the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, and advancing the nozzle 31 into the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 is not an essential requirement of the present invention.

[0031] The control unit 40 may be configured as a general-purpose computer equipped with a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like, or may be configured as a dedicated device. The control unit 40, in accordance with the program, causes the drive unit 20 to move the slide 17 and thereby move the second mold 18. The control unit 40 is also configured to cause the lubricant spraying unit 30 to move the nozzle 31 back and forth and to spray the lubricant L from the nozzle 31.

[0032] When lubricating the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, the control unit 40 causes the drive unit 20 to move the slide 17 so that the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are closer to each other than the maximum width of the slide 17's movement, and then causes the lubricant spraying unit 30 to spray lubricant L from the nozzle 31, thereby lubricating the first mold 16 and the second mold 18. Here, in this embodiment, the maximum width over which the slide 17 can move refers to the width, or distance, between the top dead center and bottom dead center of the slide 17. In the following, "moving the slide 17 so that the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are closer than the maximum width over which the slide 17 can move" will be simply expressed as "moving the slide 17 so that it is closer to the first mold 16 side than the top dead center."

[0033] The following describes the operation control of the drive unit 20 and the lubricant spray unit 30 by the control unit 40 of the press machine 10. Also, an embodiment of a die lubrication method for a press machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In an embodiment of the press apparatus 10 and an embodiment of the die lubrication method in the press apparatus 10, the control unit 40 is configured to control the drive unit 20 to move the slide 17 closer to the first die 16 than the top dead center while causing the lubricant spraying unit 30 to spray lubricant L from the nozzle 31, when lubricating the first die 16 and the second die 18 of the press apparatus 10, so that the lubricant L is sprayed onto the first die 16 and the second die 18.

[0034] Here, the aforementioned "moving the slide 17 so that the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are closer than the maximum width over which the slide 17 can move" or "moving so that the slide 17 is closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center" does not include, for example, a case where the slide 17 is intended to be stopped at the top dead center but is moved to a position slightly closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center, i.e., a position below the top dead center, but refers to intentionally moving the slide 17 so that it is closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center.

[0035] In the following, the explanation will be based on the height H of the slide 17 from the bottom dead center and the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26, but it is also possible to configure the operation control of the slide 17 based on, for example, the speed of the slide 17, etc. Furthermore, in the following, for example, when it is said that "the slide 17 stops at the top dead center" or "the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is 0 degrees," it is not necessary that the slide 17 stops exactly at the top dead center or that the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is exactly 0 degrees; it is sufficient if it is within an acceptable range near the top dead center or θ=0 degrees.

[0036] Therefore, in the following, expressions such as "stop at top dead center" and "θ=0 degrees" will be used, but in these cases "top dead center" and "θ=0 degrees" are concepts that include a predetermined allowable range in the vicinity. In addition, in the following, the conveying device will be described as operating in cooperation with the control unit 40 of the press machine 10 while controlling itself independently of the control unit 40, but it is also possible to configure the control unit 40 to also control the conveying device.

[0037] A specific description will be given below in accordance with the press motion shown in FIG. When the slide 17 is stopped at a position slightly below the top dead center, i.e., when the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is stopped at, for example, 60 degrees as shown by A in Figure 4, the control unit 40 instructs the conveying device to remove the workpiece from the first mold 16, etc.

[0038] In the example of the press device 10 shown in Figure 1, two sets of first and second dies 16 and 18 are arranged, and the first forging of the workpiece is performed in one set, and the workpiece is then moved to the other set for the second forging. Then, when the workpiece is removed from the first die 16 etc. as described above, the conveying device can be configured to convey the workpiece that has undergone the second forging to the next process.

[0039] Furthermore, the system can be configured so that after the first forging of a workpiece has been completed, the workpiece is removed from the first die 16 or the like by a transport device and transported to a predetermined location near the press device 10. In other words, it is possible to completely remove all workpieces from the press device 10 and lubricate the first die 16 and second die 18, which will be described later. Alternatively, the workpiece after the first forging can be removed from the first die 16 etc. by a conveying device, and the conveying device can be configured to hold the workpiece at a position near the die where it will not interfere with the second die 18 which will then descend as described below.

[0040] Next, the control unit 40 drives the servo motor 27 while disengaging the clutch and brake of the clutch brake 23 of the drive unit 20, and by rotating the servo motor 27, moves the slide 17 closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center, that is, moves it to a position where the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is, for example, 120 degrees, thereby bringing the second mold 18 attached to the slide 17 closer to the first mold 16 (mold approach process: step S1 in Figure 3). Then, while the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 are approaching each other, or after they are approaching each other, the control unit 40 causes the lubricant spraying unit 30 to advance the nozzle 31 into the space between the upper first mold 16 and the second mold 18 as shown in Figure 1 (nozzle advancement process: step S2).

[0041] Next, while the slide 17 is stopped at a position closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center, that is, while the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is stopped at, for example, 120 degrees as shown by B in Figure 4, the control unit 40 causes the lubricant spraying unit 30 to spray the lubricant L from the nozzle 31 to spray the lubricant L onto the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 (lubricant spraying process: step S3). In this embodiment, the first die 16 and the second die 18 of the press device 10 are lubricated in this manner.

[0042] Next, when lubrication of the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 is completed, the control unit 40 causes the drive unit 20 to rotate the servo motor 27 in the reverse direction, and the rotational drive of the servo motor 27 causes the slide 17 to move from a position closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center toward the top dead center, and then raises and stops the slide 17 to its original position slightly below the top dead center, that is, to a position where the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is, for example, 60 degrees, as shown by C in Figure 4.

[0043] Then, in this state, the control unit 40 instructs the transport device to transport and set the workpiece to the first mold 16 or the like. That is, the workpiece that has been removed by the transport device and has undergone the first forging is transported to and set in the first die 16 or the like on the side where the second forging will be performed. At the same time, a new workpiece is transported to and set in the first die 16 or the like on the side where the first forging will be performed.

[0044] Next, the control unit 40 controls the clutch brake 23 of the drive unit 20 to connect the flywheel 22 and the transmission shaft 24, and uses the rotational energy of the flywheel 22 to move the slide 17 down. Then, the control unit 40 lowers the slide 17 to the bottom dead center, i.e., θ=180 degrees, to forge the workpiece, and then temporarily raises the slide 17 to the top dead center, i.e., θ=360 degrees=0 degrees.

[0045] Next, the control unit 40 lowers the slide 17 to a position slightly below the top dead center, that is, to a position where the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is, for example, 60 degrees. At this time, the slide 17 may be lowered by rotational drive using the rotational energy of the flywheel 22, or the clutch and brake of the clutch-brake 23 of the drive unit 20 may be disengaged when the slide 17 reaches the top dead center, and the servo motor 27 may be driven to lower the slide 17.

[0046] In this embodiment, the control unit 40 repeatedly performs each of the above steps to sequentially forge the workpiece while lubricating the first die 16 and the second die 18. In the above example, the workpiece is transported while the slide 17 is stopped at a position slightly below the top dead center, as shown by A and C in Figure 4, but it is also possible to configure the slide 17 to be stopped at the top dead center and transport the workpiece.

[0047] In this embodiment, the servo motor 27 is not used to forge the workpiece, but is used only to move the slide 17 and the second die 18 up and down to lubricate the first die 16 and the second die 18. Furthermore, as described above, when the slide 17 and the second mold 18 are moved from the state indicated by B to the state indicated by C in FIG. 4, the servo motor 27 is rotated in the reverse direction to move them.

[0048] Therefore, the maximum torque required for the servo motor 27 to generate needs only to be sufficient to move the slide 17 and the second die 18 in the vertical direction, and a torque large enough to forge the workpiece is not required. Therefore, in this embodiment, the servo motor 27 is used so long as its maximum torque generated is, for example, 1 / 3 or less of the maximum torque in the rotational drive using the rotational energy of the flywheel 22.

[0049] Furthermore, in terms of the energy required for rotational drive, the maximum rotational drive energy required of the servo motor 27 is sufficient to move the slide 17 and the second die 18 in the vertical direction, and does not require a large amount of energy to forge the workpiece. Therefore, in this embodiment, the servo motor 27 only needs to have a maximum rotational drive energy of, for example, 1 / 5 or less of the rotational energy accumulated in the flywheel 22, and such a servo motor is used in this embodiment.

[0050] In this way, in this embodiment, it is possible to use a servo motor 27 that does not generate a very large maximum torque and does not require a very large maximum energy for rotational drive. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the capacity of the servo motor 27, and it is possible to reduce the amount of power consumed by the press device 10 as a whole.

[0051] Next, the operation of the press apparatus 10 according to this embodiment and the die lubrication method in the press apparatus will be described.

[0052] When lubricating the first and second dies between forgings as described above, the slide is generally moved to the top dead center as shown in Figure 5, and then stopped at the top dead center. In other words, the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft is 0 degrees, as shown by D in Figure 5. While the workpiece is being transported, a nozzle is advanced into the space between the first and second dies, and lubricant is sprayed from the nozzle onto the first and second dies.

[0053] After the first and second dies have been lubricated in this manner, the slide is lowered from the top dead center to the bottom dead center to forge the workpiece. Then, the slide is moved to the top dead center again, and the cycle of transporting the workpiece and lubricating the first and second dies is repeated.

[0054] In this way, in a typical press machine, the first and second dies are lubricated with the slide stopped at the top dead center, so that both the first die 101 and the second die 102 are separated from the nozzle 103, as shown in Figure 6. Therefore, the amount of lubricant L that is sprayed from the nozzle 103 that scatters to the surrounding area increases, and the amount of lubricant L that reaches the first mold 101 and the second mold 102 decreases accordingly. Therefore, it becomes necessary to spray more lubricant L, but this results in an amount of lubricant L used that is greater than necessary, making it difficult to spray the lubricant L efficiently onto the first mold 101 and the second mold 102.

[0055] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the lubricant L reaches the first mold 101 and the second mold 102, which are far apart, the injection pressure when injecting the lubricant L from the nozzle 103 may be increased. In that case, however, the lubricant L will bounce off the surface of the first mold 101 or the surface of the second mold 102, or both, and the amount of lubricant L sprayed onto the first mold 101 and the second mold 102 will decrease, making it necessary to spray more lubricant L. Therefore, it is still difficult to efficiently spray the lubricant L onto the first mold 101 and the second mold 102.

[0056] Furthermore, if the recess provided in the mold is deep, and the distance between the mold and the nozzle 103 is large as shown in FIG. 6, it becomes difficult for the lubricant L to reach, for example, a nearly vertical side surface portion Q of the recess in the mold. Therefore, in this respect as well, there is a problem in that it is difficult to spray the lubricant L onto the first mold 101 and the second mold 102 efficiently.

[0057] In contrast, in the press apparatus 10 and die lubrication method for the press apparatus according to this embodiment, the slide 17 is moved closer to the first die 16 from the top dead center, and the lubricant L is sprayed from the nozzle 31 while the distance between the first die 16 and the second die 18 is short, thereby making it possible to solve all of the above problems.

[0058] That is, in this embodiment, the distance between the nozzle 31 and the first die 16 and the distance between the nozzle and the second die 18 are shorter as shown in FIG. 7, compared to the case of the general press machine described above. Therefore, the lubricant L sprayed from the nozzle 31 does not scatter around, or the amount of scatter is extremely small, and the lubricant L reaches the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 reliably.

[0059] Therefore, it is not necessary to spray more lubricant L than necessary, and it is sufficient to spray an appropriate amount of lubricant L. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to increase the spray pressure of the lubricant L more than necessary, the amount of lubricant L that bounces off the surface of the first mold 16, the surface of the second mold 18, or both of them can be neglected. Therefore, in the press apparatus 10 and die lubrication method for the press apparatus according to this embodiment, it is possible to spray the lubricant L onto the first die 16 and the second die 18 efficiently.

[0060] Furthermore, even if the recesses provided in the mold are deep, the distance between the nozzle 31 and the first mold 16 and the distance between the nozzle and the second mold 18 are short, so that the lubricant L can easily reach the nearly vertical side portions Q of the recesses in the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, as shown in Figure 7. Therefore, in this respect as well, the press apparatus 10 and die lubrication method for the press apparatus according to this embodiment make it possible to spray the lubricant L onto the first die 16 and the second die 18 efficiently.

[0061] Regarding the above point, the method described in the aforementioned Patent Document 2 creates a state in which the nozzle is close to the first mold and the second mold by configuring the nozzle to be movable in the vertical direction. However, with this method, the nozzle must be moved up and down every time the molds are lubricated, which raises concerns about the durability of the mechanism for moving the nozzle up and down, and there is a concern that it may be prone to malfunctions. In the press apparatus 10 and die lubrication method for the press apparatus according to this embodiment, the nozzle 31 is not moved in the vertical direction, so that problems such as durability and breakdowns do not arise in this respect.

[0062] Furthermore, in the aforementioned Patent Document 3, a total of two nozzles are provided, one above and one below, thereby creating a state in which the nozzles are close to the first mold and the second mold. However, this method requires two nozzles, which increases the number of parts and can lead to problems such as an increase in the cost of the press device, an increase in the number of parts increasing the number of points that can cause malfunctions, and more complicated maintenance. In the press apparatus 10 and the die lubrication method for the press apparatus according to the present embodiment, there is only one nozzle 31, and such a problem does not occur.

[0063] As described above, according to the press apparatus 10 and die lubrication method for the press apparatus of this embodiment, when lubricating the first die 16 and second die 18 of the press apparatus 10, the slide 17 is moved closer to the first die 16 from the top dead center, bringing the first die 16 and second die 18 closer to the nozzle 31 of the lubricant spraying section 30, and then the lubricant L is sprayed from the nozzle 31 to spray the lubricant L onto the first die 16 and second die 18.

[0064] Therefore, the lubricant L can be efficiently sprayed onto the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 from the nozzle 31 of the lubricant spraying unit 30. Furthermore, in the press apparatus 10 and die lubrication method for the press apparatus according to this embodiment, a single nozzle 31 is used to spray the lubricant L by ejecting it without moving the nozzle 31 in the vertical direction, which makes it possible to make the lubricant spraying section 30 and the press apparatus 10 less susceptible to breakdowns, etc.

[0065] In the first embodiment described above, the slide 17 is moved closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center and stopped at that position to lubricate the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, which is the same in the following embodiments. However, it is also possible to lubricate the first die 16 and the second die 18 while moving the slide 4 slightly, for example, as shown at B in the press motion of Figure 8, rather than completely stopping the slide 4.

[0066] In this case, while lubricant L is sprayed from the nozzle 31 to lubricate the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, the rotation state of the servo motor 27 is changed from a state of slightly rotating forward to a state of slightly rotating backward. With this configuration, when the servo motor 27 is rotated in the reverse direction to move the slide 17 from a position closer to the first mold 16 than the top dead center toward the top dead center, it is possible to reverse the servo motor 27 using less energy by rotating it in the reverse direction from a state in which it is slightly rotating in the reverse direction, rather than starting the reverse rotation from a state in which the servo motor 27 has stopped rotating.

[0067] [Second embodiment] In the first embodiment described above, the press machine 10 is a so-called hybrid type that includes the flywheel 22 and the servo motor 27. However, when a particularly large torque is not required for forging, the press motion shown in FIG. 4 and the die lubrication method for the press apparatus shown in FIG. 3 can also be realized in a press apparatus that does not have a flywheel 22 in the drive unit 20 but only has a servo motor 27, and that moves the slide 17 by the rotational drive of the servo motor 27.

[0068] In this case, the press device 50 is configured, for example, as shown in Figure 9, so that a servo motor 27 is fixed to the side of the frame opposite to the side on which the reducer 25 is provided, and the output shaft of the servo motor 27 is directly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 24. When the transmission shaft 24 rotates around the central axis of rotation Ax due to the rotational drive of the servo motor 27, the reducer 25 reduces the speed of the rotational motion of the transmission shaft 24 and transmits it to the eccentric shaft 26, causing the eccentric shaft 26 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 26 then moves the slide 17 in the vertical direction, i.e., in the direction toward the first mold 16, via the connecting rod 28.

[0069] In this case, the press device 50 is configured to perform forging by moving the slide 17 by rotational driving of the servo motor 27 not only when lubricating the die but also when forging the workpiece. Even when the press device 50 is configured in this way, it is possible to achieve the same beneficial effects as in the first embodiment.

[0070] In addition, when the drive unit 20 is provided with a servo motor 27 but not with a flywheel, as in the press device 50 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the press operation can be performed not only when the servo motor 27 is rotated forward but also when it is rotated backward. Therefore, in the case of such a press apparatus 50, it is not necessary to raise the slide 17 to the top dead center, i.e., θ = 0 degrees, for each stroke, as in the press motion shown in FIG. 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, it is also possible to configure the servo motor 27 to rotate forward to raise and stop the slide 17 until the rotation angle θ of the eccentric shaft 26 is at, for example, 300 degrees, and then rotate the servo motor 27 in the reverse direction to lower the slide 17.

[0071] [Third embodiment] On the other hand, in the first and second embodiments, the slide 17 is moved closer to the first die 16 side from the top dead center as shown by B in Figures 4 and 10, and then the first die 16 and the second die 18 are lubricated, and the servo motor 27 is rotated in the reverse direction to temporarily raise the slide 17. Then, as shown by C in Figures 4 and 10, the slide 17 is stopped, and the workpiece is transported in this state.

[0072] However, in order to transport the workpiece, it is not necessary to raise the slide 17 to widen the gap between the first die 16 and the second die 18, and if the workpiece can be transported while maintaining the gap between the first die 16 and the second die 18 at the time when the first die 16 and the second die 18 were lubricated, there is no need to reverse the rotation of the servo motor 27 to raise the slide 17 once after lubricating the die. In this case, as in the press motion of Figure 11, without changing the height H of the slide 17, that is, by moving the slide 17 closer to the first die 16 side from the top dead center, the first die 16 and the second die 18 can be lubricated as shown by B in Figure 11, and the workpiece can be transported as shown by A and C in Figure 11.

[0073] In addition, it is also possible to configure the press device 10 of the second embodiment to lubricate the first die 16 and the second die 18 and transport the workpiece without widening the gap between them when moving the slide 17 as shown in Figure 10. Also in the case of the configuration of the third embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same beneficial effects as in the first embodiment.

[0074] In this case, as shown in Figure 11, before the first die 16 and the second die 18 are lubricated, the conveying device can be configured to convey the workpiece that has undergone the second forging to the next process, and to remove the workpiece that has undergone the first forging from the first die 16, etc. and convey it to a predetermined location near the press device 10. In this case, after lubrication of the first die 16 and the second die 18 is completed, the conveying device conveys the removed workpiece that has undergone the first forging to the first die 16, etc. on the side where the second forging will be performed, and sets it there, and also conveys a new workpiece to the first die 16, etc. on the side where the first forging will be performed, and sets it there.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, instead of configuring the lubrication of the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 and the transportation of the workpiece separately, it is also possible to configure the lubrication of the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 while the workpiece is being transported. That is, with the slide 17 moved closer to the first die 16 than the top dead center as described above, the transport device removes the workpiece that has undergone the second forging from the first die 16, etc. and transports it to the next process, and at the same time, removes the workpiece that has undergone the first forging from the lower first die 16, etc. and holds the workpiece in a position between the first die 16 and the second die 18 that does not interfere with lubrication, i.e., for example, in a position between the two nozzles 31 in Figure 1.

[0076] Then, lubricant L is sprayed from the nozzle 31 to lubricate the first die 16 and the second die 18, and then a conveying device conveys and sets the workpiece that has been held between the first die 16 and the second die 18 after the first forging to the first die 16 or the like on the side where the second forging will be performed. At the same time, it is also possible to transport and set a new workpiece to the first die 16 or the like on the side where the first forging is performed.

[0077] [Fourth embodiment] On the other hand, in the above-described third embodiment, after lubricating the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, it is not necessary to lift the slide 17 once, so there is no need to reverse the rotation of the servo motor 27. That is, the transmission shaft 24 and the eccentric shaft 26 either rotate in one direction or are stationary, and do not rotate in the opposite direction.

[0078] Therefore, even in a press apparatus that does not have a servo motor 27 capable of reverse rotation and that moves the slide 17 using the rotational energy of the flywheel 22 that can rotate the transmission shaft 24 and eccentric shaft 26 in only one direction, it is possible to realize the press motion shown in FIG. 11 and the die lubrication method for the press apparatus shown in FIG. 3.

[0079] In this case, the press device 60 is configured, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, so that the reducer 25 is provided on the side of the frame opposite to the side on which the flywheel 22 is provided. When the transmission shaft 24 rotates around the central axis of rotation Ax due to rotational drive using the rotational energy of the flywheel 22, the reducer 25 reduces the speed of the rotational motion of the transmission shaft 24 and transmits it to the eccentric shaft 26, causing the eccentric shaft 26 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 26 then moves the slide 17 in the vertical direction, i.e., in the direction toward the first mold 16, via the connecting rod 28.

[0080] In this case, the press device 60 is configured to lubricate the first die 16 and the second die 18 by moving the slide 17 by rotational drive using the rotational energy of the flywheel 22, not only when forging the workpiece, but also when moving the slide 17 closer to the first die 16 from the top dead center. Even when the press device 60 is configured in this way, it is possible to achieve the same beneficial effects as in the first embodiment.

[0081] In each of the above embodiments, when lubricating the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, in order to more reliably prevent the lubricant L from scattering around, it is also possible to configure the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 to be covered with a cover to prevent scattering. It is also possible to configure the internal space covered by the cover to have a negative pressure. When the internal space is under negative pressure, the lubricant L is less likely to scatter to the surroundings.

[0082] In addition, creating a negative pressure in the internal space of the cover makes it easier for the lubricant L to adhere to the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, which also has the effect of making it easier for a uniform film of lubricant L to be formed over the entire mold. That is, for example, when hot forging is performed using an aluminum die, the temperature of the die may be set to a high temperature such as 300°C. In this case, if the particle size of the lubricant L is large, the Leidenfrost phenomenon is likely to occur on the die surface, so the particle size of the lubricant L sprayed from the nozzle 31 may be reduced.

[0083] Furthermore, if the particles of lubricant L are fine, that is, if the lubricant L is sprayed in the form of a mist, the air inside the cover is likely to hinder the flight of the particles of lubricant L, but if the internal space of the cover is made negative pressure, the degree to which the air inside the cover hinders the flight of the lubricant L is reduced. As a result, the lubricant L is more likely to adhere to the first mold 16 and the second mold 18, the lubricant L reaches the entire mold evenly, and a uniform film of the lubricant L is more likely to be formed over the entire mold.

[0084] On the other hand, an oil-based lubricant L may be used to prevent the Leidenfrost phenomenon from occurring, but the oil-based lubricant L may ignite and cause a fire, explosion, or the like. Therefore, when the space between the first mold 16 and the second mold 18 is configured to be covered with a cover to prevent scattering as described above, it is possible to configure the internal space of the cover to be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.

[0085] By configuring it in this manner, even if an oil-based lubricant is used as the lubricant L, the oxygen concentration inside the cover is reduced, making it possible to prevent the oil-based lubricant L from igniting and causing a fire, explosion, etc.

[0086] It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0087] 10, 50, 60 press equipment 11 Bed (support) 16 First mold 17 slides 18 Second mold 20 Drive unit 22 Flywheel 27 Servo motor 30 Lubricant spraying section 31 nozzles 40 Control Unit L Lubricant

Claims

1. a support body to which a first mold can be attached; a slide to which a second mold can be attached and which is movable together with the second mold toward the first mold; a drive unit for moving the slide; a lubricant spraying unit including a nozzle for spraying a lubricant onto the second mold and the first mold; a control unit that causes the drive unit to move the slide and causes the lubricant spray unit to spray the lubricant from the nozzle; Equipped with the control unit causes the drive unit to move the slide so that the first mold and the second mold are closer to each other than the maximum width of the slide that can be moved, and causes the lubricant spray unit to spray the lubricant from the nozzle while the slide is stopped. A press device used for hot forging.

2. The drive unit includes a flywheel, and uses rotational energy of the flywheel to move the slide. A press device for performing hot forging according to claim 1.

3. The drive unit includes a servo motor, and the slide is moved by rotation of the servo motor. A press device for performing hot forging according to claim 1.

4. the drive unit includes a flywheel and a servo motor, and when moving the slide so that the first mold and the second mold are closer to each other than the maximum width over which the slide can be moved, the drive unit moves the slide by rotational driving of the servo motor, and when moving the slide in other ways, the drive unit moves the slide by utilizing the rotational energy of the flywheel; A press device for performing hot forging according to claim 1.

5. The servo motor generates a maximum torque that is equal to or less than one-third of the maximum torque generated when the servo motor is driven to rotate using the rotational energy of the flywheel. A press device for performing hot forging according to claim 4.

6. the maximum rotational drive energy of the servo motor is 1 / 5 or less of the rotational energy stored in the flywheel; A press apparatus for performing hot forging according to claim 4 or 5.

7. after lubrication of the second mold and the first mold is completed, the drive unit reversely rotates the servo motor to move the slide from a position where the slide has been moved so that the first mold and the second mold are closer to each other than the maximum width of the slide's movement, toward a position where the slide's maximum movement width is reached; A press apparatus for performing hot forging according to any one of claims 4 to 6.

8. a mold approaching step of moving the slide so that the first mold and the second mold are closer to each other than the maximum width of the slide that can be moved, thereby bringing the second mold attached to the slide closer to the first mold, and stopping the slide; a lubricant spraying step of spraying the lubricant onto the second mold and the first mold by injecting the lubricant from a nozzle while the slide is stopped in the mold approaching step; having A method for lubricating dies in a press device for hot forging.

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