Excavation volume measurement system for shield tunneling

Abstract

To provide an excavated soil volume measuring system in a shield construction method, capable of reliably calculating the cross-sectional ratio of each soil layer even if irregularly different soil layers exist only on one side of the vertical center line of the excavated cross-section.SOLUTION: The present invention comprises electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means 11 installed on a face plate 4 for transmitting electromagnetic waves to a face 8 and receiving electromagnetic waves, a soil quality determination unit 19 for determining a soil quality of an excavated cross-section based on a received signal, an angle measuring unit 18 for detecting rotation angle, and a soil structure data creation unit 20 for creating excavated cross-sectional soil structure data based on the soil structure determination result data and the rotation angle measurement data. The soil structure data creation unit 20 creates soil regions A1 to A8 surrounded by straight lines L1 to L6 drawn horizontally from a boundary position where the soil quality changes toward a vertical center line V of the excavated cross-section at the rotation angle of an exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means 11, an outer circumference S of the excavated cross-section, and the vertical center line V as excavated cross-sectional soil structure data, and based on this, obtains the index excavated soil volume.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a system and method for measuring the volume of excavated soil in a shield tunneling method using a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having a cutter. [Background technology]

[0002] To safely construct tunnels using a shield machine, the amount of excavated soil must be properly managed. For this reason, the amount of dry sand is managed in the case of the slurry shield method, and the amount of excavated soil is managed in the case of the muddy earth pressure shield method. It is necessary to know the theoretical dry sand volume and theoretical excavation volume, which serve as the basis for these management tasks; however, these are often estimated from drilling data obtained in advance, and there are often discrepancies with the actual soil layer composition that is excavated, so it is often not possible to accurately determine the theoretical dry sand volume and theoretical excavation volume.

[0003] Therefore, a conventional excavation volume measurement system for shield tunneling, as described in Patent Document 1, has been proposed, which includes an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means that is arranged on the face plate of the shield machine and transmits and receives electromagnetic waves to the face, a soil quality discrimination means that discriminates the soil quality of the excavation cross section based on the electromagnetic wave reception results, and an index excavation volume calculation means that determines the proportion of the excavation cross section that each soil quality makes up the soil layer based on the soil quality discrimination results and the moisture content and porosity of each soil quality, and calculates the theoretical excavation dry sand volume that serves as an index for excavation control.

[0004] In the excavation volume measurement system for the shield tunneling method described in Patent Document 1 above, the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means is installed on the outer periphery of the face plate, and it is not actually possible to determine the soil quality of the soil layer being excavated from the center of the face plate.Therefore, the exploration data obtained each time the face plate rotates a predetermined angle is stored for one excavation cross section, and within the exploration data for one excavation cross section, boundary lines are drawn connecting two boundary positions where the soil quality has changed on both sides of the vertical center line, and the proportion of each soil quality in the excavation cross section is calculated by assuming that each soil layer is deposited between the boundary lines. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-109046 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] A system such as that described in Patent Document 1 can calculate the excavation cross-sectional area ratio of each soil layer when it is determined that each soil layer is deposited on both sides of the vertical center line.However, if, for example, data indicating a different soil layer is obtained on only a portion of one side, it is not possible to draw the boundary line of the soil layer that spans both sides of the vertical center line, and it is not possible to calculate the cross-sectional area ratio of the soil layer.

[0007] The problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide an excavation volume measurement system and method for shield tunneling that can reliably calculate the cross-sectional ratio of each soil layer even if irregularly different soil layers exist on only one side of the vertical center line of the excavation cross section, and that can determine the index excavation volume according to the soil layer composition in real time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The invention of claim 1 is an excavation volume measurement system for determining an index excavation volume, which is the theoretical excavated soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is the soil composition at the excavation cross-section, and includes: electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means, which is installed on the face plate, for transmitting electromagnetic waves to the face and receiving the electromagnetic waves; a soil type discrimination unit for discriminating the soil type at the excavation cross-section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; an angle measurement unit for detecting the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; and a method for calculating the index excavation volume, which is the theoretical excavated soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is the soil type at the excavation cross-section, and and a calculation unit that calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil composition data, wherein the soil composition data creation unit creates, for the entire surface of the excavation cross-section, a soil area surrounded by a line drawn horizontally from a boundary position where the soil quality changes toward the vertical center line of the excavation cross-section at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, the periphery of the excavation cross-section, and the vertical center line as the excavation cross-section soil composition data, and the calculation unit calculates the area of ​​the soil area created as the excavation cross-section soil composition data, and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on this area. The invention of claim 2 is an excavation volume measurement system for determining an index excavated soil volume, which is the theoretical excavated soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is the soil composition at the excavation cross-section, and comprising: electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means, which is installed on the face plate, for transmitting electromagnetic waves to the face and receiving the electromagnetic waves; a soil type discrimination unit for discriminating the soil type at the excavation cross-section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; an angle measurement unit for detecting the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; a soil type composition data creation unit for creating the excavation cross-section soil type composition data based on the soil type discrimination result data from the soil type discrimination unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit; and a calculation unit for determining the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil type composition data, and the soil type composition data creation unit calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil type composition data for the entire surface of the excavation cross-section, from a boundary position where the soil type changes at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means. This excavation volume measurement system is characterized in that the soil area surrounded by a straight line drawn horizontally toward a vertical center line, the periphery of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line is created as first excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, and the soil area surrounded by two boundary lines connecting the boundary position where the soil quality changes and the center of the excavation cross section at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, and the periphery of the excavation cross section is created as second excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data for the entire excavation cross section, and the calculation unit calculates the area of ​​the soil area created as the first excavation cross section soil composition data for the specified excavation period of one ring by the shield machine and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the area, and calculates the area of ​​the soil area created as the second excavation cross section soil composition data for the period other than the specified excavation period of one ring by the shield machine and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the area. The invention of claim 3 is an excavation volume measurement system for determining an index excavated soil volume, which is the theoretical excavated soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is the soil composition at the excavation cross-section, and comprising: electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means, which is installed on the face plate, for transmitting electromagnetic waves to the face and receiving the electromagnetic waves; a soil type discrimination unit for discriminating the soil type at the excavation cross-section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; an angle measurement unit for detecting the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; a soil type composition data creation unit for creating the excavation cross-section soil type composition data based on the soil type discrimination result data from the soil type discrimination unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit; and a calculation unit for determining the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil type composition data, and the soil type composition data creation unit calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil type composition data for the entire surface of the excavation cross-section. and creates, at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, a soil area surrounded by a line drawn horizontally from the boundary position where the soil type changes toward the vertical center line of the excavation cross section, the periphery of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line as first excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, and for the entire excavation cross section, at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, a soil area surrounded by two boundary lines connecting the boundary position where the soil type changes and the center of the excavation cross section and the periphery of the excavation cross section as second excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, and the calculation unit calculates the average area of ​​each soil layer in the soil area created as the first excavation cross section soil composition data and the second excavation cross section soil composition data, and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on this average area. The invention of claim 4 is an excavation soil volume measurement system described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the calculation unit calculates the proportion of each soil type that makes up the excavation cross section based on the area of ​​the excavation cross section soil composition data. The invention of claim 5 is the excavation volume measurement system according to claim 4, characterized in that the index excavation volume is calculated based on the proportion of each soil type in the excavation cross section and the standard data for each soil type. The invention of claim 6 is an excavation soil volume measurement system described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a display device and a display control means for displaying the soil composition of the excavation cross section on the display device based on the excavation cross section soil composition data. The invention of claim 7 is an excavation volume measurement system described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shield machine is a mud-water shield machine and the index excavation volume is a theoretical excavation dry sand volume. The invention of claim 8 is an excavation volume measurement system described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shield machine is an earth pressure type shield machine and the index excavation volume is a theoretical excavation volume. The following may also be considered as a separate invention. Means 1is an excavation soil volume measurement system for determining an index excavation soil volume, which is a theoretical excavation soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is the soil composition at the excavation cross-section, and comprising: electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means, which is installed on the face plate, for transmitting electromagnetic waves to a face and receiving the electromagnetic waves; a soil type discrimination unit for discriminating the soil type at the excavation cross-section based on a signal received from the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; an angle measurement unit for detecting a rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means; and a soil type composition data creation unit for creating the excavation cross-section soil type composition data based on soil type discrimination result data from the soil type discrimination unit and rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit, and the soil type composition data creation unit creates the excavation cross-section soil type composition data of at least one of the following (A) or (B): (A) At the rotation angle of the survey position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, a soil region surrounded by a line drawn horizontally from the boundary position where the soil quality changes toward the vertical center line of the excavation cross section, the periphery of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line is created as the excavation cross section soil composition data. (B) A soil region surrounded by two boundary lines connecting the boundary position where the soil quality changes and the center of the excavation cross section, and the outer periphery of the excavation cross section, is created as the excavation cross section soil composition data, at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means. This is an excavation soil volume measurement system characterized by the above.

[0009] Means 2is an excavation soil volume measurement system that determines the index excavation soil volume, which is the theoretical excavated soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is the soil composition at the excavation cross-section, and is equipped with: an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means that is installed on the face plate and transmits electromagnetic waves to the face and receives the electromagnetic waves; a soil quality discrimination unit that discriminates the soil quality of the excavation cross-section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; an angle measurement unit that detects the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; and a soil quality data creation unit that creates the excavation cross-section soil composition data based on the soil quality discrimination result data from the soil quality discrimination unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit, and is characterized in that the soil quality data creation unit creates the excavation cross-section soil composition data as the soil area surrounded by a straight line drawn horizontally from the boundary position where the soil quality changes toward the vertical center line of the excavation cross-section, the periphery of the excavation cross-section, and the vertical center line, at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means.

[0010] Means 3 is an excavation soil volume measurement system that determines the index excavation soil volume, which is the theoretical excavated soil volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having cutters, based on excavation cross section soil composition data, which is the soil composition at the excavation cross section, and is equipped with: an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means that is installed on the face plate and transmits electromagnetic waves to the face and receives the electromagnetic waves; a soil quality discrimination unit that discriminates the soil quality of the excavation cross section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; an angle measurement unit that detects the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; and a soil quality data creation unit that creates the excavation cross section soil quality data based on the soil quality discrimination result data from the soil quality discrimination unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit, and is characterized in that the soil quality data creation unit creates the excavation cross section soil quality data as the soil area surrounded by two boundary lines connecting the boundary position where the soil quality changes and the center of the excavation cross section, and the outer periphery of the excavation cross section, at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means.

[0011] Means 4 and a calculation unit that calculates the proportion of each soil type that constitutes the excavation cross section in the excavation cross section based on the excavation cross section soil composition data. Either of means 1 to 3 1 is a system for measuring excavated soil volume.

[0012] Means 5 The method is characterized in that an index excavation volume is calculated based on the ratio of each soil type to the excavation cross section and the reference data for each soil type. Means 4 1 is a system for measuring the volume of excavated soil according to the present invention.

[0013] Means 6 and a display control means for displaying the soil composition of the excavation cross section on the display device based on the excavation cross section soil composition data. Any of means 1 to 5 1 is a system for measuring excavated soil volume.

[0014] Means 7 The shield machine is a slurry shield machine, and the index excavation volume is a theoretical excavation volume of dry sand. Any of means 1 to 6 1 is a system for measuring excavated soil volume.

[0015] Means 8 The shield machine is an earth pressure type shield machine, and the index excavation volume is a theoretical excavation volume. Any of means 1 to 6 1 is a system for measuring excavated soil volume. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, even if the soil layer is not distributed evenly on both sides of the vertical center line of the excavation cross section and the soil layer is irregularly present in only a part of one side, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the soil layer to the excavation cross-sectional area can be calculated and the index excavation volume reflecting the soil layer cross section can be calculated in real time, so excavation management of the shield machine can be carried out reliably. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a shield excavation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram showing a soil vertical cross section excavated by a shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 3] 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for measuring an index excavated soil volume (theoretical excavated dry sand volume) according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a block diagram of an excavation soil volume measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 is a front view of a shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 2 is a diagram showing a received waveform of an electromagnetic wave according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a face detection range according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating excavation cross section soil constitution data according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating calculation of an area related to excavation cross section soil constitution data according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating excavation cross section soil constitution data according to the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a slurry shield machine will be described with reference to the drawings, etc. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

[0019] [First embodiment] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the shield excavation system, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the soil vertical section excavated by the shield machine, Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure for measuring the index excavated soil volume (theoretical excavated dry sand volume), Figure 4 is a block diagram of the excavated soil volume measurement system, Figure 5 is a front view of the shield machine, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the received waveform of the electromagnetic wave, Figure 7 is a diagram showing the face exploration range, Figure 8 is a diagram explaining the excavation cross section soil composition data, and Figure 9 is a diagram explaining the calculation of the area related to the excavation cross section soil composition data. In the following description, the direction in which the shield machine excavates will be referred to as "forward" and the opposite direction as "backward."

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1, in the slurry shield tunneling method, segments 2 are assembled inside a shield machine 1 while the shield machine 1 is excavating the natural ground. Mud water is supplied from ground equipment (not shown) via a mud pipe 3 to a chamber 7 surrounded by a face plate 4, a skin plate 5 and a partition wall 6, and excavation is carried out while stabilizing the face 8.

[0022] In addition, the discharged muddy water containing the excavated soil is pumped out by a discharged mud pump 9 and sent back to the ground equipment via a discharged mud pipe 10 while the segments 2 are assembled. At this time, in order to stabilize the tunneling face 8, it is necessary to understand the soil quality at the tunneling face 8 and to control the shield machine 1 appropriately.

[0023] In order to understand the soil quality of the ground to be excavated, boring surveys are often conducted in advance. For example, as shown in Figure 2, this survey is conducted at survey points P-1, P-2, and P-3, spaced several hundred meters apart. At each survey point, the soil quality of each of the excavation points p1, p2, and p3 is determined.

[0024] Conventionally, the soil quality of the cross section to be excavated is estimated based on this boring data, and an index excavation volume is calculated, which is the theoretical volume of excavated soil that the shield machine will excavate and serves as an index for excavation control. In this example, the soil type of the cross section to be excavated is assumed to be a silt layer throughout from the departure shaft to point p1, a composite cross section of silt and sandy silt layers from point p1 to point p2 where the proportion of sandy silt gradually increases from the top, a composite cross section of sandy silt and fine sand layers from point p2 to point p3 where the proportion of fine sand gradually increases from the top, and a fine sand layer throughout the cross section from point p3 to the arrival shaft.The assumed configuration of the soil type of the cross section to be excavated is shown in the bottom part of Figure 2.

[0025] Between survey points, the soil quality may differ from what was expected. In this case, the soil composition of the excavated cross section will differ from what was expected, and the calculated index excavation volume will not be correct.

[0026] In this embodiment, electromagnetic waves are transmitted and received to the working face 8, and based on the received signals, the soil composition of the cross section to be excavated is grasped and the index excavation volume, which serves as an index for excavation control of the shield machine 1, is calculated in real time. Here, the index excavation volume is taken as an example of the theoretical excavation dry sand volume. The actual excavated dry sand volume is measured almost in real time, and the shield machine 1 is controlled based on the measurement results of the theoretical excavated dry sand volume and the actual excavated dry sand volume, thereby enabling appropriate excavation as the soil conditions change. Note that the soil composition of the cross section to be excavated may also be estimated using data from boring surveys.

[0027] The theoretical volume of excavated dry sand is calculated using the procedure shown in Figure 3. First, before excavation, reference data that serves as a discrimination standard for each soil type is stored (step S1).

[0028] Next, excavation is progressed using the shield machine 1 (step S2), and at the same time, electromagnetic waves are transmitted and received to the face 8 (step S3), and based on the results of the received electromagnetic waves, the soil quality of the excavation cross section of the face 8 is determined (step S4). At the same time, the rotation angle of the probe position on the face plate 4 using the electromagnetic waves is measured (step S5).

[0029] Next, based on the soil type discrimination results of the excavation cross section and the measurement results of the rotation angle of the face plate 4, soil type composition data indicating the proportion of each soil type that makes up the excavation cross section in the excavation cross section is created (step S6), and the created soil type composition data is stored (step S7). Next, based on the soil constitution data, the theoretical excavated dry sand volume, which is an index excavated soil volume for excavation control, is calculated (step S8).

[0030] The measurement of the index excavated soil volume will be explained below.

[0031] As shown in Figure 4, the index excavation volume measurement system 100 includes an electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means 11 that transmits and receives electromagnetic waves to and from the working face 8, a soil type discrimination means 12 that discriminates the soil type of the excavation cross section based on the received electromagnetic wave signal, and an index excavation volume calculation means 13 that calculates the index excavation volume, which serves as an index for excavation control, by determining the proportion of each soil type that constitutes the excavation cross section based on the soil type discrimination results. Also provided is a soil type reference data storage unit 23 that stores the properties of the soil that constitutes each soil layer before or after the excavation, and the stored data is used by the soil type discrimination means 12 and the index excavation volume calculation means 13. The stored data includes not only the properties of each soil type but also data such as the propagation time and attenuation rate of the electromagnetic waves. Each of the means includes a computer and the like.

[0032] The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means 11 has a transmitting antenna 14 that transmits electromagnetic waves and a receiving antenna 15 that receives the electromagnetic waves emitted from the transmitting antenna 14 .

[0033] As shown in FIG. 5, the transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15 are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the front surface of the face plate 4 provided at the front end of the shield machine 1.

[0034] Since various pieces of equipment such as a cutter 16 and a slit 17 for taking excavated soil into the chamber 7 are attached to the face plate 4, the transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15 are usually installed on the outer periphery of the face plate 4 so as not to interfere with the installation of these pieces of equipment. The shield machine 1 rotates the face plate 4 to excavate the ground with the cutter 16 and moves forward while taking in soil through the slits 17.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1, as the shield machine 1 excavates, the transmitting antenna 14 emits pulsed electromagnetic waves forward, and the receiving antenna 15 receives reflected waves HA that are reflected by a reflecting object H in front of it, and surface propagating waves HB that are propagated through the ground near the front of the panel 4. The transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15 are provided in the circumferential direction on the front surface of the face plate 4 (FIG. 5), but for the sake of explanation, they are shown in FIG. 1 as being adjacent to each other in the diameter direction of the face plate 4.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 6, the reflected wave HA is received later than the surface propagating wave HB, and the presence and position of an obstacle are determined by the reflected wave HA, while the surface propagating wave HB is used to determine the soil quality near the front of the face plate 4.

[0037] The electromagnetic waves are received by the receiving antenna 15 and the received signal is input to the soil type determination means 12 .

[0038] As shown in Figure 4, the soil type discrimination means 12 includes an angle measurement unit 18 that measures the rotation angle of the detection position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means 11 on the panel 4 (in this embodiment, the midpoint between the transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15), and a soil type discrimination unit 19.

[0039] The angle measurement unit 18 includes, for example, an angle sensor (not shown). The rotation angle detected by the angle measurement unit 18 is used to identify the exploration position by the transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15. For example, the angle when the transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15 are at the 12 o'clock position of the face 8 is set to 0 degrees, and the angle is measured clockwise from 0 to 360 degrees. The rotation angle measurement data is output to the index excavation volume calculation means 13 together with the soil type discrimination result data from the soil type discrimination unit 19.

[0040] The soil type discrimination unit 19 discriminates the soil type of the area through which the surface propagating wave HB of the face 8 has passed based on the propagation speed and attenuation rate of the surface propagating wave HB received by the receiving antenna 15, and the soil type discrimination result data is output to the index excavation volume calculation means 13 together with the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit 18.

[0041] The rotation angle measurement data and soil type discrimination result data output to the index excavation volume calculation means 13 are linked to each other, and the index excavation volume calculation means 13 obtains soil type discrimination result data for each exploration position of the face plate 4. For example, it is possible to obtain 360 pieces of soil type discrimination result data for each degree while the face plate 4 rotates once.

[0042] The index excavation volume calculation means 13 includes a soil constitution data creation section 20, a soil constitution data storage section 21, and a calculation section 22, and calculates the index excavation volume based on the rotation angle measurement data and the soil discrimination result data.

[0043] The soil structure data creation unit 20 creates excavation cross section soil structure data, which is the soil structure at the excavation cross section, based on the rotation angle measurement data and soil discrimination result data input and stored in the soil structure data storage unit 21, and stores it in the soil structure data storage unit 21. The calculation unit 22 calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil constitution data stored in the soil constitution data storage unit 21.

[0044] The excavation cross section soil constitution data created by the soil constitution data creating unit 20 will be described below. As shown by the diagonal lines in FIG. 7, the face detection range 30 by the transmitting antenna 14 and the receiving antenna 15 when the face plate 4 makes one rotation is a ring-shaped portion.

[0045] In the example shown in Figure 7, the rotation angle measurement data and soil discrimination result data for the excavation cross section of one rotation of the face plate of the outer periphery S stored in the soil composition data memory unit 21 are as follows: a rotation angle of 0 degrees to θ1 is a fine sand layer, θ1 to θ2 is a sandy silt layer, θ2 to θ3 is a fine sand layer, θ3 to θ4 is a sandy silt layer, θ4 to 180 degrees is a silt layer, 180 degrees to θ5 is a silt layer, θ5 to θ6 is a sandy silt layer, and θ6 to 360 degrees (0 degrees) is a fine sand layer.

[0046] The soil constitution data creating unit 20 creates excavation cross-section soil constitution data based on the rotation angle measurement data and the soil discrimination result data. Specifically, it is created as follows:

[0047] As shown in Figure 8, horizontal lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6 are drawn from the boundary positions θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4, θ5, and θ6 where the soil quality changes toward the vertical center line V of the excavation cross section. Then, the soil regions A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6 surrounded by these straight lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6, the perimeter S of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line V are set to be composed of the soil types of each soil discrimination result data.

[0048] In detail, the area A1 enclosed by the straight line L1, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a fine sand layer, the area A2 enclosed by the straight lines L1 and L2, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a sandy silt layer, the area A3 enclosed by the straight lines L2 and L3, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a fine sand layer, the area A4 enclosed by the straight lines L3 and L4, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a sandy silt layer, the area A5 enclosed by the straight line L4, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a silt layer, the area A6 enclosed by the straight line L5, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a silt layer, the area A7 enclosed by the straight lines L5 and L6, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a sandy silt layer, and the area A8 enclosed by the straight line L6, the perimeter S and the vertical center line V is a fine sand layer.

[0049] This method of creation takes advantage of the fact that soil layers tend to be deposited horizontally, although they may undergo some deformation due to crustal movements, etc. The soil constitution data creating unit 20 stores the created excavation cross-section soil constitution data in the soil constitution data storage unit 21.

[0050] The calculation unit 22 calculates the proportion of each soil type that constitutes the excavation cross section in the excavation cross section based on the excavation cross section soil constitution data stored in the soil constitution data storage unit 21.

[0051] First, the calculation unit 22 calculates the areas of area A1 consisting of a fine sand layer, area A2 consisting of a sandy silt layer, area A3 consisting of a fine sand layer, area A4 consisting of a sandy silt layer, area A5 consisting of a silt layer, area A6 consisting of a silt layer, area A7 consisting of a sandy silt layer, and area A8 consisting of a fine sand layer.

[0052] Next, the calculation unit 22 totals the soil area for the same soil type, and calculates the proportion of each soil type that constitutes the excavation cross section based on the ratio to the total area of ​​the excavation cross section. That is, the calculation unit 22 determines how much of the total area of ​​the excavation cross section each of the following accounts for: the sum of the areas of regions A1, A3, and A8 for fine sand; the sum of the areas of regions A2, A4, and A7 for sandy silt; and the sum of the areas of regions A5 and A6 for silt.

[0053] The proportion of each soil type that constitutes the excavation cross section in the excavation cross section is calculated, for example, as follows. The calculation unit 22 can obtain soil discrimination result data linked to rotation angle measurement data from the soil constitution data storage unit 21 for one rotation of the face plate 4 (360 pieces per degree in this embodiment).

[0054] As shown in Figure 9, the excavation cross section is divided into horizontal strips from the rotation position where each soil type discrimination result data was obtained toward the vertical center line V. If the angle of the rotation position is θ, the radius of the excavation cross section is R, the height of the strip is h, and the width is L, then: L=R sin θ, h=2πR / p×sin θ (p is the number of data points for one rotation, 360, in this embodiment), The area of ​​the rectangular portion is A = L × h = |R sinθ| × |2πR / p × sinθ|.

[0055] Let θij be the angle of rotation of the jth (j = 1 to p integers that are identified as soil layer i) in soil layer i of a certain soil type. The area Aij of the jth strip in soil layer i is Aij=Lij×hij=|Rsinθij|×|2πR / p×sinθij| This becomes:

[0056] The area AAi of soil layer i is the sum of the areas of the rectangular parts corresponding to layer i, so AAi = ΣAij.

[0057] The area A of the excavation cross section is the sum of the areas of all the rectangular sections of the constituent soil layers i (single layer 1 to multiple layers n), A = ΣΣAAij (i = 1 to n, j = 1 to p) is approximately πR 2 This can be done.

[0058] The ratio d of the area of ​​soil layer i to the total area of ​​the excavation cross section is d=AAi / A, The total area of ​​soil layer i in the entire excavation cross section, Ai, is Ai=d×A=AAi / A×πR 2 is. The calculation unit 22 calculates the theoretical excavated dry sand volume as the index excavated soil volume based on the sum Ai of the areas of the soil layers.

[0059] The theoretical excavated dry sand volume is calculated for each soil layer that makes up the excavation cross section at a specified point based on the area of ​​the excavation cross section, the excavation length (shield jack stroke), and standard data for each soil type such as the unit volume weight, porosity, and moisture content of each soil layer.The theoretical excavated dry sand volume for each soil layer is then summed to calculate the theoretical excavated dry sand volume for the entire excavation cross section (index excavated soil volume that serves as an indicator for excavation control of the shield machine 1).

[0060] In this way, even if an irregularly different soil layer (in this embodiment, a fine sand layer from θ2 to θ3) exists on only one side of the vertical center line of the excavation cross section, the cross-sectional ratio of each soil layer can be reliably calculated, and the index excavation volume according to the soil layer composition can be determined in real time.

[0061] To control the excavation of the shield machine 1, the amount of dry sand actually excavated by the shield machine 1 is measured by an actual excavation soil volume measurement system 200 (FIG. 4). To measure the actual excavated dry sand volume, as shown in Figure 1, the flow rate of the mud water being fed to chamber 7 is measured and calculated using a flow meter 40 and a density meter 41 installed in mud feed pipe 3, and the flow rate of the mud water being discharged from chamber 7 is measured and calculated using a flow meter 42 and a density meter 43 installed in mud discharge pipe 10, and the actual excavated dry sand volume is calculated from the difference between the discharged mud water flow rate and the fed mud water flow rate.

[0062] Then, an excavation control system 300 that controls each device of the shield machine 1 controls the shield machine 1 based on the calculated theoretical amount of excavated dry sand and the measured amount of excavated dry sand. Specifically, soil composition data for at least one excavation cross section is created for each ring excavation, the theoretical amount of dry sand excavated is calculated, and based on this, the excavation of the shield machine 1 is controlled by changing the thrust of the jack, etc.

[0063] Furthermore, the actual amount of excavated dry sand is measured to determine whether the amount of excavation is excessive or insufficient. For example, if the measured amount of dry sand excavated exceeds the theoretical amount of dry sand excavated, measures are taken such as increasing the water pressure in the chamber 7 to suppress the natural ground or slowing down the excavation speed. Furthermore, if the measured amount of excavated dry sand falls below the theoretical amount of excavated dry sand, measures such as reducing the water pressure in the chamber 7 or increasing the excavation speed are taken.

[0064] Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Fig. 10. Note that a description of the same parts as in the first embodiment will be omitted, and differences will be mainly described.

[0065] In the second embodiment, the excavation cross section soil constitution data created by the soil constitution data creating unit 20 is different from that in the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 10, each soil layer in the excavation cross section is considered to be between two boundary lines connecting the boundary position of the soil layer in the face exploration range 30 and the center O of the excavation cross section, and excavation cross section soil composition data is created.

[0066] Specifically, in the example shown in Figure 10, within the outer periphery S of the excavation cross section, the area between boundary line B1 connecting boundary position θ1 and center O and boundary line B2 connecting boundary position θ2 and center O is a sandy silt layer, the area between boundary line B3 connecting boundary position θ3 and center O and boundary line B2 is a fine sand layer, the area between boundary line B4 connecting boundary position θ4 and center O and boundary line B3 is a sandy silt layer, the area between boundary line B5 connecting boundary position θ5 and center O and boundary line B4 is a silt layer, the area between boundary line B6 connecting boundary position θ6 and center O and boundary line B5 is a sandy silt layer, and the area between boundary line B6 and boundary line B1 is a fine sand layer.

[0067] The soil constitution data creating unit 20 stores the created excavation cross-section soil constitution data in the soil constitution data storage unit 21. The calculation unit 22 calculates the area of ​​the excavation cross section constituted by the soil layers of each soil type and the total area of ​​the excavation cross section based on the excavation cross section soil constitution data stored in the soil constitution data storage unit 21.

[0068] The area of ​​the excavated cross section of each soil layer can be calculated, for example, as follows. During one rotation of the face plate 4, p pieces of soil type discrimination result data (360 pieces per degree in this embodiment) can be obtained. If the number of pieces of data discriminated as soil layer i among the p pieces of data is pi, the excavation cross-sectional area Ai of soil layer i can be calculated as follows: Ai=(pi / p)×πR 2 This becomes:

[0069] Then, the calculation unit 22 calculates the index excavation volume based on the sum Ai of the areas of the soil layers.

[0070] [Other Modifications] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may also include the following, for example.

[0071] The excavation cross section soil composition data created in this embodiment may be displayed in excavation management. In this case, a display control means is provided, and the display control means displays the soil composition of the excavation cross section, for example, as shown in Figure 8 or Figure 10, on a display device based on the excavation cross section soil composition data stored in the soil composition data storage unit 21. By displaying the soil composition of the excavation cross section in this way, it is possible to visually clearly recognize what kind of soil is being excavated.

[0072] In this embodiment, the theoretical excavation volume of dry sand in a mud shield machine is used as the index excavation volume, but this is not limited to this, and the invention may also be applied to an earth pressure shield tunneling method in which the theoretical excavation volume, which is the sum of the product of the unit volume weight of each soil layer and the excavation cross-sectional area of ​​each soil layer, is used as the index excavation volume. Note that the theoretical excavation volume may be based on either weight or volume.

[0073] In this embodiment, the transmitting antenna section and the receiving antenna section are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the face plate, but they may also be arranged side by side in the radial direction of the face plate.

[0074] In this embodiment, excavation section soil composition data is created for each excavation section as the face plate rotates once, and the index excavation volume is calculated, but in order to obtain a smooth control value, the index excavation volume may also be calculated using the average value of the data for multiple adjacent excavation sections in one ring.

[0075] Furthermore, the face plate rotates multiple times (for example, 100 times) while excavating one ring, and the excavation cross-section soil composition data used in the first half may be created as in the first embodiment, and the excavation cross-section soil composition data used in the second half may be created as in the second embodiment, and the index excavated soil volume may then be calculated. In this way, excavation cross-section soil composition data created using different methods can be obtained within one ring, resulting in highly reliable and stable data. Furthermore, the excavation cross section soil constitution data according to the first embodiment and the excavation cross section soil constitution data according to the second embodiment may be created alternately every time the face plate makes one rotation during one ring.

[0076] In addition, the excavation cross-section soil composition data according to the first embodiment and the excavation cross-section soil composition data according to the second embodiment may be created simultaneously or alternately within one ring, and the area occupied by each soil layer may be averaged from these to calculate the index excavated soil volume.

[0077] Each technical matter in any of the embodiments may be applied to other embodiments to form examples. [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 1 Shield Machine 2 segments 3 Sludge pipe 4 face plate 5 Skin Plate 6 Bulkhead 7 chambers 8 Cutting Edge 9. Sludge pump 10 Sludge drainage pipe 11 Electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means 12 Soil quality determination means 13 Index excavation volume calculation means 14 transmitting antenna 15 receiving antenna 16 Cutter 17 Slit 18 Angle measurement section 19 Soil quality determination department 20 Soil Composition Data Creation Department 21 Soil composition data storage unit 22 Arithmetic section 23 Soil quality standard data storage section 30 Face exploration range 40, 42 flow meter 41, 43 Density meter 100 Index Excavation Volume Measurement System 200 Actual excavation volume measurement system 300 Drilling Control System

Claims

1. An excavation volume measurement system that calculates an index excavation volume, which is a theoretical excavation volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having a cutter, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is a soil composition at the excavation cross-section. an electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means that is installed on the face plate and transmits electromagnetic waves to the face and receives the electromagnetic waves; a soil quality determination unit that determines the soil quality of the excavation cross section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; an angle measurement unit that detects a rotation angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means at the search position; a soil composition data creation unit that creates the excavation cross-section soil composition data based on the soil classification result data from the soil classification unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit; a calculation unit for calculating the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil constitution data, the soil constitution data creation unit creates, for the entire surface of the excavation cross section, a soil region surrounded by a line drawn horizontally from a boundary position where soil quality changes toward a vertical center line of the excavation cross section at a rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, the periphery of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line, as the excavation cross section soil constitution data; The calculation unit calculates the area of ​​the soil region created as the excavation cross-section soil composition data, and calculates the index excavation soil volume based on the area. An excavation soil volume measurement system.

2. An excavation volume measurement system that calculates an index excavation volume, which is a theoretical excavation volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having a cutter, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is a soil composition at the excavation cross-section. an electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means that is installed on the face plate and transmits electromagnetic waves to the face and receives the electromagnetic waves; a soil quality determination unit that determines the soil quality of the excavation cross section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; an angle measurement unit that detects a rotation angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means at the search position; a soil composition data creation unit that creates the excavation cross-section soil composition data based on the soil classification result data from the soil classification unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit; a calculation unit for calculating the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil constitution data, The soil constitution data creation unit For the entire surface of the excavation cross section, a soil region surrounded by a line drawn horizontally from a boundary position where soil quality changes toward a vertical center line of the excavation cross section at a rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, the periphery of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line is created as first excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, For the entire surface of the excavation cross section, a soil region surrounded by two boundary lines connecting the boundary position where the soil type changes and the center of the excavation cross section at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means and the outer periphery of the excavation cross section is created as second excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, The calculation unit calculates the area of ​​the soil region created as the first excavation cross-section soil composition data for a predetermined period of one ring excavated by the shield machine, and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the area, and calculates the area of ​​the soil region created as the second excavation cross-section soil composition data for a period other than the predetermined period of one ring excavated by the shield machine, and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the area. An excavation soil volume measurement system.

3. An excavation volume measurement system that calculates an index excavation volume, which is a theoretical excavation volume excavated by a shield machine equipped with a rotating face plate having a cutter, based on excavation cross-section soil composition data, which is a soil composition at the excavation cross-section. an electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving means that is installed on the face plate and transmits electromagnetic waves to the face and receives the electromagnetic waves; a soil quality determination unit that determines the soil quality of the excavation cross section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means; an angle measurement unit that detects a rotation angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means at the search position; a soil composition data creation unit that creates the excavation cross-section soil composition data based on the soil classification result data from the soil classification unit and the rotation angle measurement data from the angle measurement unit; a calculation unit for calculating the index excavated soil volume based on the excavation cross-section soil constitution data, The soil constitution data creation unit For the entire surface of the excavation cross section, a soil region surrounded by a line drawn horizontally from a boundary position where soil quality changes toward a vertical center line of the excavation cross section at a rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means, the periphery of the excavation cross section, and the vertical center line is created as first excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, For the entire surface of the excavation cross section, a soil region surrounded by two boundary lines connecting the boundary position where the soil type changes and the center of the excavation cross section at the rotation angle of the exploration position of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving means and the outer periphery of the excavation cross section is created as second excavation cross section soil composition data of the excavation cross section soil composition data, The calculation unit calculates an average area of ​​each soil layer in the soil region created as the first excavation cross-section soil constitution data and the second excavation cross-section soil constitution data, and calculates the index excavated soil volume based on the average area. An excavation soil volume measurement system.

4. The calculation unit calculates the proportion of each soil type constituting the excavation cross section in the excavation cross section based on the area of ​​the excavation cross section soil composition data.

4. The excavation soil volume measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the excavation soil volume measuring system comprises: a measuring section for measuring the volume of excavated soil;

5. 5. The excavation volume measuring system according to claim 4, wherein the index excavation volume is calculated based on the proportion of each soil type in the excavation cross section and the reference data for each soil type.

6. a display device; and a display control means for displaying the soil composition of the excavation cross section on the display device based on the excavation cross section soil composition data.

6. The excavation soil volume measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the excavation soil volume measuring system comprises: a measuring section for measuring the volume of excavated soil;

7. The shield machine is a slurry shield machine, 7. The excavated soil volume measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the index excavated soil volume is a theoretical excavated dry sand volume.

8. The shield machine is an earth pressure type shield machine, 7. The excavated soil volume measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the index excavated soil volume is a theoretical excavated soil volume.

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