Wall panel support structure and wall structure

Abstract

To provide a wall panel support structure and a wall structure that are easy to work with and ensure high construction efficiency and construction quality. [Solution] The wall panel support structure 1 of the present invention comprises a rectangular wall panel 10 erected on the front of an existing surface B, truss supports 20 supporting the back of the wall panel 10, and fasteners 30 fixing the back of the wall panel 10 to the truss supports 20, wherein the truss supports 20 comprise one top reinforcement 21, two bottom reinforcement 22, and two lattice reinforcement 23, and at least a portion of the bottom projections 23b of the lattice reinforcement 23 protrudes outward from the bottom reinforcement 22 and makes point contact with the back of the wall panel 10. The wall structure A of the present invention comprises foundation concrete A1 placed on the front of the existing surface B, the wall panel support structure 1 installed on the foundation concrete A1, and solidified filler A2 filled between the adjacent wall panels 10 and the existing surface B.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a support structure for wall panels and a wall structure that are easy to work with and ensure high construction efficiency and construction quality. [Background technology]

[0002] Wall structures are constructed by covering the front of slopes and vertical surfaces (hereinafter collectively referred to as "existing surfaces") with walls for purposes such as building new roads and railways, developing residential land, preventing landslides, and backfilling old structures. The wall structure is constructed by placing foundation concrete in front of the existing surface, arranging wall panels in parallel on the foundation concrete, pouring filler material such as concrete between the existing surface and the wall panels, and repeating the stacking of wall panels and pouring of filler material in a specified construction cycle. The wall panels of a wall structure cannot stand on their own when tilted, and are unstable when stacked vertically, so they are constructed while supporting their backs with separators or other supporting materials. Cited documents 1 and 2 disclose a structure in which the backs of the wall panels are connected to the existing surface or filler material with separators for support. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-74276 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 60-70272 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The conventional technology has the following problems. <1> The complicated task of fixing the back of the wall panel to the separator must be carried out in the narrow space of about 50 cm deep between the wall panel and the existing surface, making the construction highly difficult. Furthermore, this work must be repeated every time a wall panel is stacked, making the construction inefficient. <2> It is not easy to ensure the required slope on the wall panels using separators alone, and since construction accuracy depends on the skill of the workers, it is difficult to ensure construction quality. <3> Since the work is carried out in a narrow space with separators built in, workers are likely to trip over their feet, and there is room for improvement in construction safety.

[0005] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a wall panel support structure and a wall structure that solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The support structure for wall panels of the present invention comprises a rectangular wall panel erected in front of an existing surface, truss supports supporting the back surface of the wall panel, and fixtures fixing the back surface of the wall panel to the truss supports, wherein the truss supports have one top reinforcement, two bottom reinforcement, and two lattice reinforcement bars in a sawtooth shape with multiple top protrusions and multiple bottom protrusions connected together, the one top reinforcement and the two bottom reinforcement bars are arranged parallel to form a triangle in cross section with the top reinforcement being the apex of the mountain side, the two lattice reinforcement bars are located between the one top reinforcement and the two bottom reinforcement bars, the multiple top protrusions are connected to the top reinforcement and the multiple bottom protrusions are connected to the bottom reinforcement, the two bottom reinforcement bars are aligned along the back surface of the wall panel, and at least some of the multiple bottom protrusions protrude outward from the two bottom reinforcement bars and make point contact with the back surface of the wall panel.

[0007] The support structure for the wall panel of the present invention may be such that the wall panel comprises a panel body and an insert embedded in the back surface of the panel body, and the fixing device comprises a support plate, a communicating hole provided in the center of the support plate, and a fixing bolt, and the support plate is attached to the crest side of the two bottom reinforcements, and the tip of the fixing bolt is inserted from the crest side of the support plate into the communicating hole and screwed into the insert, thereby supporting the two bottom reinforcements against the wall panel side by the support plate.

[0008] In the support structure of the wall panel of the present invention, a truss support may connect a plurality of truss members in the longitudinal direction.

[0009] The support structure of the wall panel of the present invention is such that the truss member has an upper end face plate connected to the upper ends of one top reinforcement and two bottom reinforcements, and a lower end face plate connected to the lower ends of one top reinforcement and two bottom reinforcements, and the upper and lower truss members are connected longitudinally by overlapping the lower end face plate of the upper truss member on the upper end face plate of the lower truss member and fastening them with bolts passing through the upper end face plate and the lower end face plate.

[0010] In the support structure of the wall panel of the present invention, one top reinforcement and two bottom reinforcements may be connected to the lower end plate at an angle toward the mountain side in the lowest truss member.

[0011] In the support structure for the wall panel of the present invention, the upper part of the lowest truss member may protrude above the wall panel.

[0012] The wall structure of the present invention is characterized by comprising foundation concrete placed in front of the existing surface, a support structure for wall panels installed on the foundation concrete, and solidified filler material filled between multiple consecutive wall panels and the existing surface. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The wall panel support structure and wall structure of the present invention have at least one of the following effects. <1> Installation of the panels is completed simply by fixing the wall panels to truss supports erected on the concrete foundation, making the work easy and construction efficient. <2> The design slope can be automatically achieved by simply fixing the back of the wall panel to the front of the truss support. This ensures high construction quality without relying on the skill of the workers. <3> There are no obstacles between the truss columns and the existing surface that impede the movement of workers, making it easy to work even in narrow spaces and ensuring high construction safety. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] Illustrative diagram of the wall structure of the present invention. [Figure 2] Illustrative diagram of the support structure of the present invention. [Figure 3] Wall panel and fixture diagram [Figure 4] Diagram of truss support [Figure 5] Illustration of the support function of truss columns [Figure 6] Illustration of the truss support's gradient maintenance function [Figure 7] Illustration of how to construct a wall structure DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] Hereinafter, the supporting structure for the wall panel and the wall structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present invention, the term "mountain side" means the side of the existing surface, and the term "valley side" means the side opposite the mountain side. In addition, directional terms such as "front" and "rear" refer to the respective directions when the valley side is the front and the mountain side is the rear. [Example]

[0016] <1> Wall structure (Figure 1) The wall structure A of the present invention is a civil engineering structure to be installed in front of an existing surface B. In this example, an example will be described in which existing surface B is an inclined cut earth surface. However, existing surface B is not limited to a cut earth surface, and may be an embankment surface, a natural slope, or an artificial wall surface such as an existing retaining wall or bridge pier. Furthermore, existing surface B is not limited to a slope, and may be a vertical surface. The wall structure A comprises at least foundation concrete A1 installed on the front surface of existing surface B, a support structure 1 for the wall panels (hereinafter simply referred to as "support structure 1") installed on the foundation concrete A1, and solidified filler A2 filled between the successive wall panels 10 and the existing surface B. In this example, the wall structure A further comprises a plurality of pressure plates A3 installed on the existing surface B, a back surface drainage material (not shown) installed on the existing surface B, and a drainage pipe (not shown) that passes through the wall panel 10 from the front surface of the existing surface B and connects to the front surface of the wall panel 10. A plurality of support structures 1 are installed continuously along the front surface of existing surface B, and the wall surface of wall structure A is formed by a plurality of wall panels 10 arranged vertically and horizontally.

[0017] <1.1> Solidifying filler The solidifying filler A2 is a material for filling the gap between the wall panel 10 and the existing surface B to integrate them. In this example, concrete is used as the solidifying filler A2, but the solidifying filler A2 is not limited to concrete and may be mortar, urethane, cement milk, or aerated milk obtained by mixing a foaming agent into cement milk, etc.

[0018] <1.2> Pressure plate The pressure plate A3 is a member for transmitting the tensile force of the reinforcing material to the existing surface B. The pressure plate A3 has a through hole in the center, and the heads of reinforcing materials such as anchors and steel bars inserted into the existing surface B are passed through the through hole and fastened with nuts, etc., to apply tensile force to the reinforcing materials, and the back surface of the pressure plate A3 supports the existing surface B in a flat state. However, the pressure plate A3 is not an essential component of the wall structure A.

[0019] <2> Support structure (Fig. 2) The support structure 1 of the present invention is a structure for supporting the wall panel 10 during construction of the wall structural body A. The support structure 1 comprises at least a wall panel 10 erected on the front of the existing surface B, a truss support 20 supporting the back of the wall panel 10, and a fastener 30 fixing the back of the wall panel 10 to the truss support 20. In the support structure 1, the wall panels 10 and the truss columns 20 are separate, so the wall panels 10 can be stacked and the truss columns 20 can be combined front to back to form a flat surface. This allows for high space utilization efficiency and reduces transportation and storage costs. Furthermore, the high transportation efficiency also contributes to reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

[0020] <2.1> Wall panel (Fig. 3) The wall panel 10 is a surface material that constitutes the wall surface of the wall structure A. The wall panel 10 comprises a panel body 11 and a plurality of inserts 12 embedded in the rear surface of the panel body 11. The panel body 11 is a rectangular wall material. In this example, a precast concrete panel is used as the panel body 11. However, the panel body 11 is not limited to being made of precast concrete, and may also be made of resin, expanded metal, steel, wire mesh, etc. The insert 12 is a bolt receiving tool provided on the rear surface of the panel body 11, and has a screw hole therein into which the fixing bolt 33 of the fixing tool 30 is screwed. The insert 12 is embedded in a predetermined position on the rear surface of the panel body 11 corresponding to the fixed position with the truss support 20 . The wall panel 10 may also be provided with a work hole 13 that connects both sides of the panel body 11. When constructing the wall structure A, steel materials such as single-tube pipes can be inserted into the work hole 13 and connected, allowing handrails to be installed to prevent falls and increasing work safety.

[0021] <2.2> Truss support (Fig. 4) The truss support 20 is a support that supports the wall panel 10 from the back side. The truss support 20 includes at least one top reinforcement 21, two bottom reinforcement members 22, and two lattice reinforcement members 23. The top reinforcement 21 and the bottom reinforcement 22 are rods with a predetermined bending strength. The lattice reinforcement 23 is a sawtooth-shaped wire with multiple top projections 23a and multiple bottom projections 23b. In this example, the top reinforcement 21 is a deformed steel bar, the bottom reinforcement 22 is a steel strand, and the lattice reinforcement 23 is a bent iron wire. The truss support 20 has one top reinforcement 21 and two bottom reinforcements 22 arranged in parallel so that they form a triangle in cross section with the top reinforcement 21 at the apex on the mountain side, and the top reinforcement 21 and each bottom reinforcement 22 are connected by lattice reinforcement 23. In detail, the multiple top projections 23a of the lattice reinforcement 23 are welded to the top reinforcement 21, and the multiple bottom projections 23b are welded to the bottom reinforcement 22. At this time, the bottom projections 23b are made to protrude slightly outward from the bottom reinforcement 22.

[0022] <2.2.1> Truss material (Fig. 4) In this example, the truss support 20 is made up of a structure in which a plurality of truss members 20a are connected together. The truss member 20a includes an upper end surface plate 24 provided at the upper end and a lower end surface plate 25 provided at the lower end. In detail, an upper end surface plate 24 is welded to the tips of the top reinforcement 21 and the bottom reinforcement 22, and a lower end surface plate 25 is welded to the base ends of the top reinforcement 21 and the bottom reinforcement 22. The upper end surface plate 24 and the lower end surface plate 25 are provided with a plurality of communication holes at positions corresponding to each other. With the above structure, the upper and lower truss members 20a can be connected longitudinally by stacking the lower end surface plate 25 of the upper truss member 20a on the upper end surface plate 24 of the lower truss member 20a and fastening the upper end surface plate 24 and the lower end surface plate 25 with bolts. However, the structure of the truss member 20a is not limited to the above, and may be, for example, a structure in which the top reinforcement 21 and the bottom reinforcement 22 are connected by inserting them into a cylindrical connecting device, a structure in which they are connected by screwing nuts, or a structure in which they are connected by tightening with iron wire or the like. Furthermore, the truss support 20 is not limited to a connected structure of truss members 20a, but may be a single member.

[0023] <2.3> Fixture (Fig. 3) The fastener 30 is a member that fastens the wall panel 10 to the truss support 20. In this example, the fixture 30 includes a support plate 31 , a communication hole 32 provided in the center of the support plate 31 , and a fixing bolt 33 that can be inserted into the communication hole 32 . The support plate 31 is attached to the crest side of the two bottom reinforcement bars 22 of the truss column 20, and the tip of the fixing bolt 33 is passed through the communicating hole 32 and screwed into the insert 12, thereby fixing the truss column 20 to the wall panel 10. However, the structure of the fastener 30 is not limited to the above, and it may be configured, for example, to engage a hooked bolt with the lattice reinforcement 23 and screw it into the insert 12, or to screw an eyebolt into the insert 12 and fasten it to the truss support 20 with a wire. The point is that any configuration is sufficient as long as it can fix the wall panel 10 to the truss support 20.

[0024] <2.4> Support function of truss columns (Fig. 5) One feature of the support structure 1 is that the wall panel 10 is supported at points by the bottom projections 23b of the truss columns 20. At the connection between the bottom reinforcement 22 and the lattice reinforcement 23 of the truss support 20, the bottom protrusions 23b of the lattice reinforcement 23 protrude outward (i.e., toward the wall panel 10) from the bottom reinforcement 22. Therefore, when the wall panel 10 is fixed to the truss support 20, the back surface of the wall panel 10 is supported at points by the multiple bottom protrusions 23b. In this state, when the fixing bolt 33 is further screwed in with a predetermined torque, the support plate 31 presses the bottom reinforcement 22 toward the wall panel 10, causing it to bend and deform toward the wall panel 10. The restoring force of the deformed bottom reinforcement 22 firmly presses the bottom protrusion 23b against the back surface of the wall panel 10, thereby firmly fixing the wall panel 10 to the truss support 20. In addition, by fixing the bottom reinforcement 22 in a tensile state toward the wall panel 10, it is possible to reduce displacement of the wall panel 10 toward the front side due to the pressure of the solidified filler A2 when pouring the solidified filler A2.

[0025] <2.5> Truss support tilt function (Fig. 6) In this example, the truss support 20 has a gradient securing function. In detail, in the lowest truss member 20a, the top reinforcement 21 and bottom reinforcement 22 are connected to the bottom surface of the lower end plate 25 at an angle θ corresponding to the design gradient toward the mountain side. In this example, simply by placing the lowest truss member 20a on the foundation concrete A1, the design slope of the wall panel 10 can be automatically ensured, which contributes to improving construction efficiency and construction quality. When fixing the wall panel 10 to the truss support 20, even if the bottom reinforcement 22 deforms toward the wall panel 10 due to the support pressure of the support plate 31, the top reinforcement 21 and the lattice reinforcement 23 do not deform. Therefore, even if the bottom reinforcement 22 deforms, the top reinforcement 21 and the lattice reinforcement 23 can ensure the designed slope of the wall panel 10.

[0026] <2.6> Attachment and integration function of truss columns The truss support 20 is composed of many components, such as a top reinforcement 21, two bottom reinforcement bars 22, two lattice reinforcement bars 23, an upper end surface plate 24, and a lower end surface plate 25, and has a much larger surface area than conventional separators. Therefore, the adhesion and integration with the solidified filler A2 is very high, and if the wall structure A is subjected to external force such as an earthquake, the risk of the support structure 1 peeling off from the solidified filler A2 and tipping over into the valley can be reduced.

[0027] <3> Wall structure construction method The wall structure A of the present invention can be constructed, for example, by the following steps. (1) Back drainage works Install back surface drainage material at specified intervals on existing surface B and secure it with anchor pins, etc. (2) Mortar spraying work Mortar is sprayed onto the existing surface B on top of the back surface drainage material to form a mortar layer of the specified thickness. (3) Reinforcement bar insertion work Slots are drilled at specified intervals on existing surface B, reinforcing bars are inserted into the slots, and grout is filled in. The heads of the reinforcing bars are left to protrude outside the slots. (4) Pressure plate installation work The head of the rebar is passed through the insertion hole of the pressure plate A3, and the pressure plate A3 is installed on the existing surface B. Next, a nut is screwed onto the head of the rebar and tightened with a specified torque, applying a tensile force to the rebar, and the back surface of the pressure plate A3 supports the existing surface B. (5) Foundation work The ground in front of the existing surface B is excavated horizontally, crushed stone is laid and leveled, and concrete is poured on top of the crushed stone to construct the concrete foundation A1. Anchor bolts for fixing the truss columns 20 are buried in the concrete foundation A1. (6) Truss support installation work The lower truss member 20a is placed on the foundation concrete A1, and the anchor bolt of the foundation concrete A1 is inserted into the communicating hole of the lower end surface plate 25 and a nut is tightened at the tip to fix the lower truss member 20a onto the foundation concrete A1. In this example, the lower truss member 20a is inclined toward the mountain side, so the designed gradient of the wall panel 10 can be easily ensured by simply placing the truss member 20a on the foundation concrete A1. (7) Wall panel installation work The wall panel 10 is hung on the front surface of the truss member 20a, and the back surface of the wall panel 10 is leaned against the front surface of the truss member 20a. Next, the support plate 31 is placed against the back surface of the bottom reinforcement 22 of the truss member 20a, and the tip of the fixing bolt 33 is threaded through the communication hole 32 of the support plate 31 and into the insert 12 of the wall panel 10, thereby fixing the wall panel 10 to the lowest truss member 20a. (8) Truss support column connection work The upper truss member 20a is placed on the lower truss member 20a and connected with bolts. More specifically, the lower end surface plate 25 of the upper truss member 20a is placed on the upper end surface plate 24 of the lower truss member 20a, and they are fastened together with connecting bolts. The truss members 20a are made of a frame structure with a triangular cross section, so they are lightweight and can be connected by hand without using a crane or other device. In addition, since the truss member 20a is connected to the wall panel 10 beforehand, by inserting a lifeline or a single pipe between the top reinforcement 21 and the bottom reinforcement 22, handrails to prevent falls can be easily installed, improving work safety. (9) Wall panel connection work The upper wall panel 10 is placed on the lower wall panel 10 and fixed to the truss member 20a. (10) Concrete pouring work The truss support column connection work and the wall panel connection work are repeated until the wall panels 10 have been stacked up to the specified number of layers, and then the solidifying filler A2 is poured into the space between the wall panels 10 and the existing surface B. After pouring, the concrete is compacted with a vibrator. Steps (8) to (10) are repeated to build the wall structure A to the specified height. [Example]

[0028] [Example of shifting the connection position between the wall panel and the truss support] (Figure 7) In this example, the connection positions of the wall panel 10 and the truss support 20 in the height direction are shifted up and down. In detail, the length of the bottommost truss member 20a is designed to be longer than the height of the wall panel 10 below, and the lengths of the truss members 20a from the second level onwards are all designed to be equal to the height of the wall panel 10. In this example, the connection positions of the upper and lower wall panels 10 and the truss member 20a are different, so when pouring the solidified filler A2 between the wall panel 10 and the existing surface B, the dispersion of the connection positions improves the resistance to water smoothing forces on the valley side. In addition, since the upper part of the lowest truss member 20a protrudes above the lower wall panel 10, when the upper wall panel 10 is hung down, the lower part of the wall panel 10 is guided to the upper part of the lower wall panel 10 along the slope of the front surface of the truss member 20a, making it easy to align the upper and lower wall panels 10. Furthermore, since the worker does not need to touch the lower part of the wall panel 10 that has been lifted for alignment, accidents such as finger pinching can be prevented. [Explanation of symbols]

[0029] 1 Wall panel support structure 10 Wall Panels 11 Panel body 12 Inserts 13 Work hole 20 Truss Support 20a Truss Single Material 21 Top Muscle 22 Bottom muscles 23 Lattice muscle 23a Top protrusion 23b Bottom protrusion 24 Top end plate 25 Bottom end plate 30 Fixtures 31 Support plate 32 Communication hole 33 Fixing bolt A Wall structure A1 Foundation concrete A2 Solidified filler A3 Pressure Plate B Existing surface

Claims

1. A support structure for wall panels used in the construction of a wall structure to be installed on an existing surface consisting of a slope or vertical surface, A rectangular wall panel erected in front of the existing surface; a truss support that is erected on the foundation concrete, extends along the height direction of the back surface of the wall panel, and supports the wall panel from the back surface; a fastener for fastening the rear surface of the wall panel to the truss support; The truss support includes one top brace, two bottom braces, and two sawtooth-shaped lattice braces with a plurality of top projections and a plurality of bottom projections connected together, The one top reinforcement and the two bottom reinforcements are arranged in parallel so as to form a triangle in cross section with the top reinforcement being the apex of the mountain side, The two lattice muscles are located between the one top muscle and the two bottom muscles, and the plurality of top protrusions are connected to the top muscle, and the plurality of bottom protrusions are connected to the bottom muscle, The two bottom reinforcements are arranged along the back surface of the wall panel, and at least some of the bottom protrusions protrude outward from the two bottom reinforcements and make point contact with the back surface of the wall panel. Support structure for wall panels (excluding the configuration in which the existing surface and the truss columns are connected by bracing members).

2. The wall panel comprises a panel body and an insert embedded in the rear surface of the panel body; The fixing device includes a support plate, a communication hole provided in the center of the support plate, and a fixing bolt, The support plate is attached to the crest side of the two bottom reinforcements, and the tip of the fixing bolt is inserted from the crest side of the support plate into the communicating hole and screwed into the insert, so that the support plate supports the two bottom reinforcements toward the wall panel. A support structure for a wall panel according to claim 1.

3. The truss support is formed by connecting a plurality of truss members in the longitudinal direction. A support structure for a wall panel according to claim 1.

4. The truss member comprises an upper end surface plate connected to the upper ends of the one top reinforcement and the two bottom reinforcements, and a lower end surface plate connected to the lower ends of the one top reinforcement and the two bottom reinforcements, The upper and lower truss members are connected in the longitudinal direction by overlapping the lower end plate of the truss member in the upper stage on the upper end plate of the truss member in the lower stage, and fastening the upper end plate and the lower end plate by connecting bolts. A support structure for a wall panel according to claim 3.

5. In the truss member at the lowest level, the one top reinforcement and the two bottom reinforcement are connected to the lower end plate at an angle toward the mountain side. A support structure for a wall panel according to claim 4.

6. The upper part of the lowest truss member protrudes above the wall panel. A support structure for a wall panel according to claim 4.

7. A wall structure to be installed on an existing surface consisting of a slope or vertical surface, A foundation concrete placed in front of the existing surface; A support structure for a wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is installed on the foundation concrete; and a solidifying filler material filled between the plurality of continuous wall panels and the existing surface. Wall structure.

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