Position estimation system, position estimation unit, work machine, and extension unit

Abstract

To provide a position estimation system on which impact of work is hard to be received.SOLUTION: A position estimation system 50 is provided with a bucket angle sensor 66, and a controller 54. A first work machine 25 comprises an arm 11, a bucket 13, and a bucket cylinder 21 driving the bucket 13, and is able to swing with respect to a vehicle body 2. An extension arm 12 comprises a linkage 32 transferring driving of the bucket cylinder 21 to the bucket 13, and is detachable between the arm 11 and the bucket 13. The bucket angle sensor 66 is able to be placed on the linkage 32. The controller 54 estimates a position of a blade tip 13p of the bucket 13 based on: shape data of the first work machine 25; shape data of the extension arm 12; information regarding posture of the first work machine 25; and a value detected by the bucket angle sensor 66.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a position estimation system, a position estimation unit, a work machine, and an extension unit. [Background technology]

[0002] Techniques for calculating the position of a bucket cutting edge in a work machine having a working implement are known. For example, the work machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a vehicle body and the work implement. The vehicle body is provided with, for example, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna to detect the position of the vehicle body. The vehicle body is also equipped with, for example, an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). The IMU detects the roll angle and pitch angle of the vehicle body. The work implement has a boom, an arm, a bucket, and a hydraulic cylinder that drives them. A controller for the work machine calculates the position of the bucket cutting edge from the position and attitude of the vehicle body, the dimensions of each part of the work implement, and the swing angle of each part of the work implement.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes that when detecting the angle at which each part of the work machine swings, an angle sensor is attached to the swinging part of each work machine.

[0004] Furthermore, when an extension arm is attached to expand the working range, the dimensions of each part of the extension arm are input to make corrections and calculate the position of the bucket cutting edge. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Re-tabled publication 2016 / 056676 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, even when dredging work is performed with the extension arm attached, if the angle sensor is attached to the bucket or bucket pin, there is a possibility that the part where the angle sensor is located may be submerged, making the angle sensor highly susceptible to damage, and so strong protection was required to prevent damage.

[0007] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a position estimation system, a position estimation unit, a work machine, and an extension unit that are less affected by work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A position estimation system according to a first aspect of the present disclosure is a position estimation system that estimates information related to the position of a bucket of a work machine including: a work machine main body; a first work implement having an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket and is swingable relative to the work machine main body; and a second work implement having a link mechanism that transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket and that can be attached between the arm and the bucket. The position estimation system includes a first attitude detector and a controller. The first attitude detector can be arranged in the link mechanism. The controller estimates information related to the position of the bucket relative to the work machine based on data related to the shape of the first work implement, data related to the shape of the second work implement, information related to the attitude of the first work implement, and detection values ​​from the first attitude detector. The second work implement has an extension unit including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm. The link mechanism has a first link unit, a second link unit, and a third link unit. The first link unit is connected to the extension unit via a first coupling unit and is connectable to a bucket link unit connected to the bucket via a second coupling unit. The second link is connected to the first link via the second connecting part and extends toward the second end. The third link is located closer to the second end than the first link, is connected to the extension via the third connecting part, and is connected to the second link via the fourth connecting part.

[0009] A position estimation unit according to a second aspect of the present disclosure is a position estimation unit that estimates information related to the position of a bucket of a work machine including: a work machine main body; a first work implement having an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket and is swingable relative to the work machine main body; and a second work implement having a link mechanism that transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket and is mountable between the arm and the bucket. The position estimation unit includes a first posture detector and a detector controller. The first posture detector can be disposed in the link mechanism. The detector controller acquires a value detected by the first posture detector and transmits information based on the detected value to the work machine main body. The second work implement has an extension unit including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm. The link mechanism has a first link unit, a second link unit, and a third link unit. The first link unit is connected to the extension unit via a first connector and is connectable to a bucket link unit connected to the bucket via a second connector. The second link unit is connected to the first link unit via the second connector and extends toward the second end. The third link portion is disposed closer to the second end than the first link portion, is connected to the extension portion via a third connecting portion, and is connected to the second link portion via a fourth connecting portion.

[0010] A work machine according to a third aspect of the present disclosure includes a work machine body, a first work machine, a second work machine, a first posture detector, and a controller. The first work machine has an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket, and is swingable relative to the work machine body. The second work machine has a link mechanism that transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket, and is mountable between the arm and the bucket. The first posture detector is disposed in the link mechanism. The controller estimates information about the position of the bucket based on data related to the shape of the first work machine, data related to the shape of the second work machine, information about the posture of the first work machine, and a detection value by the first posture detector. The second work machine has an extension unit including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm. The link mechanism has a first link unit, a second link unit, and a third link unit. The first link unit is connected to the extension unit via a first connecting unit, and is connectable to a bucket link unit connected to the bucket via a second connecting unit. The second link is connected to the first link via the second connecting part and extends toward the second end. The third link is located closer to the second end than the first link, is connected to the extension via the third connecting part, and is connected to the second link via the fourth connecting part.

[0011] An extension unit according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure includes an extension arm and a first posture detector. The extension arm has an extension section and a link mechanism. The extension section includes a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm. The link mechanism transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket. The link mechanism includes a first link section, a second link section, and a third link section. The first link section is connected to the extension section via a first connector and is connectable to a bucket link section connected to the bucket via a second connector. The second link section is connected to the first link section via a second connector and extends toward the arm. The third link section is positioned closer to the second end than the first link section, is connected to the extension section via the third connector, and is connected to the second link section via a fourth connector. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a position estimation system, a position estimation unit, a work machine, and an extension unit that are less affected by work. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a work machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 1 is a side view of a work machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 is a plan view of a work machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 4(a) is a side view of a bucket according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 4(b) is a view showing a state in which a side portion on the front side of the page has been removed from the bucket of FIG. 4(a). [Figure 5] 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a position estimation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a work machine. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a guide screen. [Figure 8] 1 is a side view showing a first working machine in a state where an extension arm excluding a third link portion is removed in a working machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 10A to 10C are diagrams showing information transmitted from a position estimation unit to a vehicle body according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a side view showing an extension arm having a link mechanism according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 10A is a plan view showing an arrangement of a bucket angle sensor on a third link portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 10B is a side view showing an arrangement of a bucket angle sensor on a third link portion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] A position estimation system, a work machine, and an extension unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0015] (Overview of Work Machine 1) FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a work machine 1 according to an embodiment.

[0016] The work machine 1 mainly comprises a vehicle body 2 (an example of a work machine body), a work implement 3, and a position estimation system 50 (see FIG. 5). The vehicle body 2 has a revolving unit 4 and a traveling device 5. The revolving unit 4 is supported so as to be able to revolve relative to the traveling device 5. A driver's cab 6 is disposed on the revolving unit 4. The traveling device 5 includes tracks 5a, 5b. The work machine 1 travels as the tracks 5a, 5b rotate.

[0017] (Work machine 3) The work implement 3 is attached to the vehicle body 2. The work implement 3 includes a first work implement 25 and an extension arm 12 (an example of a second work implement). The extension arm 12 is configured to be detachable from the first work implement 25.

[0018] The first work implement 25 includes a boom 10 , an arm 11 , and a bucket 13 .

[0019] The base end of the boom 10 is rotatably attached to the vehicle body 2 via a boom pin 14. The base end of the arm 11 is rotatably attached to the tip of the boom 10 via an arm pin 15. The base end of the extension arm 12 is attached to the tip of the arm 11 via two connecting pins 16 and 17. The bucket 13 is rotatably attached to the tip of the extension arm 12 via a bucket pin 18.

[0020] The work implement 3 includes a pair of boom cylinders 19, an arm cylinder 20, and a bucket cylinder 21. The boom cylinder 19, the arm cylinder 20, and the bucket cylinder 21 are each a hydraulic cylinder.

[0021] The pair of boom cylinders 19 are arranged with the boom 10 sandwiched between them. The bottom end of each boom cylinder 19 is rotatably attached to the rotating bed 4 via a boom cylinder foot pin 19a. The rod end of each boom cylinder 19 is rotatably attached to the boom 10 via a boom cylinder top pin 19b.

[0022] The bottom end of the arm cylinder 20 is attached to the boom 10 via an arm cylinder foot pin (not shown). The rod end of the arm cylinder 20 is attached to the arm 11 via an arm cylinder top pin 20b.

[0023] The bottom end of the bucket cylinder 21 is attached to the arm 11 via a bucket cylinder foot pin 21a. The rod end of the bucket cylinder 21 is attached to the extension arm 12 via a third link pin 38 (described later).

[0024] The boom 10 moves when the boom cylinder 19 extends and retracts. The arm 11 and the extension arm 12 move when the arm cylinder 20 extends and retracts. The bucket 13 moves when the bucket cylinder 21 extends and retracts.

[0025] (Extension arm 12) Fig. 2 is a side view showing the work machine 3. Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2.

[0026] The extension arm 12 includes an extension portion 31 and a link mechanism 32 .

[0027] The extension part 31 is attached between the arm 11 and the bucket 13. The extension part 31 has a base end part 31b (an example of a second end part) attached to the arm 11, and a tip end part 31a (an example of a first end part) to which the bucket 13 is attached.

[0028] The extension part 31 is attached to the arm 11 at the base end part 31b via connecting pins 16 and 17. The connecting pins 16 and 17 are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the arm 11. The connecting pin 16 is arranged closer to the base end of the arm 11 than the connecting pin 17.

[0029] The bucket 13 is attached to the tip end 31 a of the extension portion 31 via a bucket pin 18 .

[0030] The link mechanism 32 transmits the extension and contraction of the bucket cylinder 21 to the bucket 13. The link mechanism 32 is attached to the extension portion 31. The link mechanism 32 has a first link portion 33, a second link member 34 (an example of the second link portion), and a third link portion 35.

[0031] The first link portion 33 is disposed at the tip end 31a of the extension portion 31. As shown in Fig. 3, the first link portion 33 has a pair of first link members 33a disposed with the extension portion 31 sandwiched therebetween. As shown in Fig. 2, one end of each first link member 33a is rotatably connected to a side surface of the extension portion 31 via a first link pin 36 (an example of a first coupling portion) on the base end 31b side of the bucket pin 18. The other end of each first link member 33a is rotatably connected to a bucket link member 47a rotatably connected to the bucket 13 via a second link pin 37 (an example of a second coupling portion).

[0032] One end of the second link member 34 is rotatably connected to the other end of the pair of first link members 33a via a second link pin 37. The second link member 34 is a member formed to extend from a portion where the second link pin 37 is disposed toward the base end portion 31b. The other end of the second link member 34 is rotatably connected to the rod-side tip of the bucket cylinder 21 via a third link pin 38.

[0033] The third link portion 35 is disposed closer to the arm 11 (toward the base end 31b) than the first link portion 33. In this embodiment, the third link portion 35 is disposed at the base end 31b. As shown in FIG. 3, the third link portion 35 has a pair of third link members 35a disposed with the extension portion 31 sandwiched therebetween. One end of each third link member 35a is rotatably connected to the other end of the second link member 34 and the rod-side tip of the bucket cylinder 21 via a third link pin 38 (an example of a fourth connecting portion). The other end of each third link member 35a is rotatably connected to a side surface of the extension portion 31 via a connecting pin 16 (an example of a third connecting portion).

[0034] In this embodiment, the line segment L2 connecting the connecting pin 16 and the third link pin 38 is different in length from the line segment L4 connecting the first link pin 36 and the second link pin 37, with L2 being longer than L4. Therefore, the link mechanism 32 forms a four-node link with the first link pin 36, the second link pin 37, the third link pin 38, and the connecting pin 16 as nodes, but is not a parallel link.

[0035] (Bucket 13) 4(a) is a side view of the bucket 13. The bucket 13 includes a bucket body 41, a connecting portion 42, and teeth 43. The connecting portion 42 is connected to the bucket body 41 and includes a portion that is attached to the extension arm 12.

[0036] The teeth 43 are connected to the bucket body 41. The cutting edges 13p of the bucket 13 are located at the tips of the teeth 43. The bucket body 41 mainly has a bottom surface 41a, a back surface 41b, and a pair of side wall portions 41c. Fig. 4(b) is a diagram showing the bucket 13 in Fig. 4(a) with the side wall portion 41c on the near side of the page removed.

[0037] The bottom surface portion 41a has a curved shape in a side view. The back surface portion 41b is connected to the bottom surface portion 41a at a position 41p. The pair of side wall portions 41c are arranged opposite each other and cover the sides of the space enclosed by the bottom surface portion 41a and the back surface portion 41b. The opening of the space enclosed by the bottom surface portion 41a, the back surface portion 41b, and the pair of side wall portions 41c to the outside space is shown as opening 13a.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 4(b), the bottom surface portion 41a has a front lip 41d, a front surface portion 41e, and a curved portion 41f. The front surface portion 41e is a flat, plate-like portion that has a linear shape in side view. The curved portion 41f is a curved, plate-like portion that has a shape that is convexly curved toward the outside of the bucket body 41 in side view. The curved portion 41f is connected to the front surface portion 41e at position 41q. The front lip 41d is a flat, plate-like member that has a linear shape in a side view. The front lip 41d is fixed to the end of the front surface portion 41e opposite to the position 41q. The thickness of the front lip 41d is greater than the thickness of the front surface portion 41e. The teeth 43 are fixed to the front lip 41d. The back surface portion 41b has a first member 41g and a second member 41h. The first member 41g is plate-shaped and connected to a curved portion 41f of the bottom surface portion 41a at a position 41p. The second member 41h is disposed outside the first member 41g and has a portion that curves convexly outward. The connection portion 42 is disposed on the rear surface portion 41b. The connection portion 42 includes a pair of brackets 42a (see FIG. 1). The pair of brackets 42a are disposed opposite each other in the width direction. As shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), the brackets 42a are fixed to the rear surface portion 41b. The brackets 42a extend outward from the rear surface portion 41b. Each bracket 42a includes a first hole 42b and a second hole 42c. As shown in FIG. 2, a bucket pin 18 is inserted into the first hole 42b on the opening 13a side. A bucket link pin 46 for attaching the bucket 13 to the bucket link portion 47 is passed through the second hole 42c on the bottom surface portion 41a side.

[0039] 1, the bucket link portion 47 has a pair of bucket link members 47a. One end of each bucket link member 47a is rotatably connected to the bracket 42a via a bucket link pin 46. The other end of each bucket link member 47a is rotatably connected to the first link member 33a and the second link member 34 via a second link pin 37. The teeth 43 are arranged at the tip of the bottom surface portion 41a on the opposite side to the back surface portion 41b.

[0040] (Location estimation system 50) FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the position estimation system 50. As shown in FIG.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 5, the position estimation system 50 includes an input device 52, a display 53, a controller 54, a storage device 55, a position sensor 56 (an example of a state detector), and an attitude sensor 57.

[0042] The input device 52 and the display 53 are disposed in the operator's cab 6. The input device 52 receives operations by the operator to set the control of the work machine 1, and outputs an operation signal corresponding to the operation. The input device 52 is, for example, a touch screen. Alternatively, the input device 52 may include a lever and a switch. The operator can use the input device 52 to input shape data of the vehicle main body 2 and the work implement 3. For example, when attaching a new extension arm 12, the operator can use the input device 52 to input shape data of the extension arm 12.

[0043] The display 53 displays an image in accordance with a command signal input to the input device 52. The display 53 displays a guide screen to assist the work machine 1 in performing work. As a guide screen, the display 53 displays, for example, topographical data and the current position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 (an example of information relating to the position of the bucket).

[0044] The controller 54 calculates the bucket angle θ3 based on the acquired data, and displays the topographical data and the position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 on the display 53.

[0045] The controller 54 includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and memories such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory). The storage device 55 includes a semiconductor memory, a hard disk, or the like. The storage device 55 is an example of a non-transitory recording medium that can be read by the controller 54. The storage device 55 stores computer instructions that are executable by the processor and are used to estimate the position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 and display the position of the cutting edge 13p.

[0046] The position sensor 56 measures the position of the work machine 1. The position sensor 56 is disposed on the vehicle body 2. The position sensor 56 includes a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver 61, an antenna 62, and an IMU 63. The GNSS receiver 61 is, for example, a receiver for a GPS (Global Positioning System). The GNSS receiver 61 receives positioning signals from satellites, calculates the position of the antenna 62 using the positioning signals, and generates vehicle body position data. The controller 54 acquires vehicle body position data (an example of information related to position) from the GNSS receiver 61. The IMU 63 is an inertial measurement unit. The IMU 63 acquires inclination angle data (an example of information related to inclination). The inclination angle data includes the angle (pitch angle) in the fore-and-aft direction of the vehicle relative to the horizontal, and the angle (roll angle) in the lateral direction of the vehicle relative to the horizontal.

[0047] The attitude sensor 57 detects attitude data indicating the attitude of the work implement 3. The attitude sensor 57 includes a boom angle sensor 64 (an example of a third attitude detector), an arm angle sensor 65 (an example of a second attitude detector), and a bucket angle sensor 66 (an example of a first attitude detector). The boom angle sensor 64 detects a boom angle θ1. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the work machine 1. As shown in FIG. 5, the boom angle θ1 indicates the inclination angle of the boom 10 in the vehicle body 2. The arm angle sensor 65 detects an arm angle θ2. The arm angle θ2 indicates the inclination angle of the arm 11 relative to the boom 10.

[0048] The boom angle sensor 64 is, for example, an IMU, and is disposed on the boom 10. The boom angle sensor 64 outputs a detection signal indicating the boom angle to the controller 54. The controller 54 calculates the boom angle θ1 from the inclination angle data of the vehicle main body 2 and the detection signal. The arm angle sensor 65 is, for example, an IMU, and is disposed on the arm 11. The arm angle sensor 65 outputs a detection signal indicating the arm angle to the controller 54. The controller 54 calculates the arm angle θ2 from the tilt angle data of the vehicle main body 2, the boom angle θ1, and the detection signal. The boom angle sensor 64 and the arm angle sensor 65 may be sensors that detect the stroke of a cylinder, in which case the controller 54 calculates the boom angle θ1 and the arm angle θ2 based on the cylinder stroke.

[0049] Bucket angle sensor 66 is an IMU. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , bucket angle sensor 66 is attached to the outer side surface 35b (an example of an outer side surface) of third link member 35a. Bucket angle sensor 66 is stored inside storage case 68. In a side view, if a line connecting arm pin 15 and connecting pin 16 is defined as L1 and a line segment passing through the center of third link member 35a (a line segment connecting connecting pin 16 and third link pin 38) is defined as L2, an angle Φ1 formed by line L1 (an example of a third line) and line segment L2 can be detected based on the detection value of bucket angle sensor 66.

[0050] The detection value of bucket angle sensor 66 is transmitted to controller 54 disposed in vehicle body 2 via harness 67. Harness 67 exits storage case 68 and extends toward vehicle body 2 along the side surface of third link member 35a and arm 11. Harness 67 is preferably waterproof. Power is supplied to bucket angle sensor 66 through harness 67.

[0051] The storage device 55 stores shape data of the vehicle body 2 and the work implement 3. The shape data of the vehicle body 2 indicates the shape of the vehicle body 2. The shape data of the vehicle body 2 indicates the positional relationship between the antenna 62 and a reference position on the vehicle body 2. The shape data of the vehicle body 2 indicates the positional relationship between the reference position on the vehicle body 2 and the boom pin 14.

[0052] The shape data of the work implement 3 indicates the shape of each part of the work implement 3. The shape data of the work implement 3 includes shape data of the first work implement 25 (an example of data relating to the shape of the first work implement) and shape data of the extension arm 12 (an example of data relating to the shape of the second work implement). The shape data includes a boom length L11, an arm length L12, and a bucket length L13. The boom length L11 is the length from the boom pin 14 to the arm pin 15. The arm length L12 is the length from the arm pin 15 to the bucket pin 18. The bucket length L13 is the length from the bucket pin 18 to the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13.

[0053] The shape data of the extension arm 12 also includes the positional relationship of the connecting pin 16, bucket pin 18, and first link pin 36 relative to the arm pin 15, the length from the first link pin 36 to the second link pin 37, the length from the connecting pin 16 to the third link pin 38, and the length from the second link pin 37 to the third link pin 38.

[0054] The shape data of the bucket 13 also includes the positional relationship between the bucket pin 18 and the bucket link pin 46, the length from the bucket link pin 46 to the first link pin 36, and the positional relationship between the bucket pin 18 and the cutting edge 13p.

[0055] 6 based on the angle Φ1 obtained from the detection value of the bucket angle sensor 66. Here, the straight line connecting the arm pin 15 and the bucket pin 18 in a side view is defined as L3, and the line segment passing through the center of the first link member 33a (the line segment connecting the first link pin 36 and the second link pin 37) is defined as L4.

[0056] To explain in more detail, the controller 54 calculates the angle Φ1 based on the detection value detected by the bucket angle sensor 66, the tilt angle data, the boom angle θ1 and the arm angle θ2, the shape data of the work implement 3 and the shape data of the extension arm 12, and further calculates the angle Φ2 formed by the straight line L3 (an example of a first straight line) and the straight line L4.

[0057] The controller 54 calculates the bucket angle θ3 based on the angle Φ2, the shape data of the work implement 3, and the shape data of the extension arm 12. The bucket angle θ3 is the angle between the line L3 and a line L5 (an example of a second line) connecting the bucket pin 18 and the cutting edge 13p in a side view.

[0058] In this way, the controller 54 acquires the boom angle θ1, the arm angle θ2, and the bucket angle θ3. The boom angle θ1, the arm angle θ2, and the bucket angle θ3 are included in the posture data.

[0059] Controller 54 calculates bucket position data from vehicle body position data detected by position sensor 56, based on the tilt angle data, attitude data, and shape data. The bucket position data indicates, for example, the position of cutting edge 13p of bucket 13. Bucket angle θ3 can be included in the bucket position data.

[0060] The storage device 55 stores current terrain data and designed terrain data. The current terrain data indicates the current terrain of the work site. The designed terrain data indicates the target shape of the work site. The controller 54 displays a guide screen 71 shown in FIG. 7 on the display 53 based on the current terrain data, designed terrain data, and shape data. As shown in FIG. 7, the guide screen 71 indicates the current terrain 72, designed terrain 73, and the position of the work machine 1. The shape data includes data indicating the shape of the bucket 13. The controller 54 displays the position of the bucket 13 relative to the current terrain 72 and designed terrain 73 on the guide screen 71 based on the shape data of the bucket 13 and the position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13.

[0061] The guide screen 71 allows the operator of the work machine 1 to understand the positional relationship between the bucket 13, the current terrain 72, and the design terrain 73.

[0062] (Features, etc.) (1) The position estimation system 50 of the present embodiment described above is a position estimation system that estimates information related to the position of the bucket 13 of a work machine 1 that includes a vehicle main body 2, a first work implement 25, and an extension arm 12, and includes a bucket angle sensor 66 and a controller 54. The first work implement 25 has an arm 11, a bucket 13, and a bucket cylinder 21 that drives the bucket 13, and is swingable relative to the vehicle main body 2. The extension arm 12 has a link mechanism 32 that transmits the drive of the bucket cylinder 21 to the bucket 13, and can be attached between the arm 11 and the bucket 13. The bucket angle sensor 66 can be disposed in the link mechanism 32. The controller 54 estimates the position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 relative to the work machine 1 based on shape data of the first work implement 25, shape data of the extension arm 12, information related to the attitude of the first work implement 25, and a detection value by the bucket angle sensor 66. As shown in FIG. 2 , the extension arm 12 has an extension portion 31. The extension portion 31 includes a tip portion 31a connectable to the bucket 13 and a base portion 31b connectable to the arm 11. The link mechanism 32 has a first link portion 33, a second link member 34, and a third link portion 35. The first link portion 33 is connected to the extension portion 31 via a first link pin 36 and is connectable to a bucket link portion 47 connected to the bucket 13 via a second link pin 37. The second link member 34 is connected to the first link portion 33 via the second link pin 37 and extends toward the base portion 31b. The third link portion 35 is located closer to the base portion 31b than the first link portion 33, is connected to the extension portion 31 via a connecting pin 16, and is connected to the second link member 34 via a third link pin 38.

[0063] In this way, by disposing the bucket angle sensor 66 in the link mechanism 32, it is possible to reduce the possibility of the bucket angle sensor 66 being submerged during dredging work, for example, and to make the bucket less susceptible to the effects of the work.

[0064] (2) In the position estimation system 50 of this embodiment, the bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed in the third link portion 35.

[0065] In this way, by providing the bucket angle sensor 66 on the third link portion 35 disposed closer to the arm 11, the possibility of submersion can be further reduced. In addition, the waterproof performance of the storage case 68 can be easily improved.

[0066] Furthermore, the length of the harness 67 extending from the bucket angle sensor 66 to the vehicle body 2 can be made shorter than when the bucket angle sensor 66 is provided at another position on the link mechanism 32 .

[0067] Furthermore, by connecting the third link portion 35 to the arm 11 and attaching the bucket 13 to the arm 11 after removing the extension arm 12 including the third link portion 35, there is no need to replace the bucket angle sensor 66, the harness 67 extending from the bucket angle sensor 66, or the like, which makes the attachment and detachment work easier.

[0068] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the extension arm 12, excluding the third link portion 35, has been removed from between the bucket 13 and the arm 11. In the configuration shown in FIG. 8, the bucket link member 47a is rotatably connected to the third link member 35a via the third link pin 38. The bucket pin 18 is disposed in the portion of the arm 11 where the connecting pin 17 was disposed, and the bucket 13 is rotatably connected to the arm 11 via the bucket pin 18. In this way, regardless of whether the extension arm 12 is attached or detached, the bucket angle sensor 66 can remain disposed in the third link portion 35. This eliminates the need to replace the sensor, and allows the extension arm 12 to be attached or detached easily.

[0069] (3) In the position estimation system 50 of this embodiment, the bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed on the outer side surface 35 b of the third link portion 35 .

[0070] This makes it easier to perform maintenance or replacement of the bucket angle sensor 66.

[0071] (4) In position estimation system 50 of this embodiment, information related to the position of bucket 13 includes bucket angle θ3, which is the angle of line L5 connecting cutting edge 13p of bucket 13 and bucket pin 18, with respect to line L3 connecting bucket pin 18, which connects bucket 13 to extension portion 31, and arm pin 15, which is the swing fulcrum of arm 11. Controller 54 calculates rotation angle Φ1 of third link portion 35 with respect to line L1, which connects arm pin 15 and connecting pin 16, which connects extension portion 31 to arm 11, based on the detection value of bucket angle sensor 66, calculates rotation angle Φ2 of first link portion 33 with respect to line L3 based on rotation angle Φ1 of third link portion 35, and calculates bucket angle θ3 based on rotation angle Φ2 of first link portion 33.

[0072] In this way, by calculating the rotation angle Φ2 of the first link portion 33 based on the rotation angle Φ1 of the third link portion 35, the bucket angle θ3 can be estimated.

[0073] (5) In position estimation system 50 of the present embodiment, first work implement 25 further includes a boom 10 connected to vehicle body 2 and arm 11. Position estimation system 50 further includes an arm angle sensor 65 and a boom angle sensor 64. Arm angle sensor 65 detects the attitude of arm 11. Boom angle sensor 64 detects the attitude of boom 10. Controller 54 estimates the position of bucket 13 based on the estimated bucket angle θ3 and the detection values ​​of arm angle sensor 65 and boom angle sensor 64.

[0074] As a result, the position of the bucket 13 can be estimated using the bucket angle θ3.

[0075] (6) The position estimation system 50 of the present embodiment further includes a position sensor 56. The position sensor 56 detects information relating to the position and inclination of the vehicle main body 2. The controller 54 estimates the position of the bucket 13 based on the information relating to the position of the bucket 13 relative to the work machine 1 and the detection value of the position sensor 56. This allows the position of the bucket 13 in the global coordinate system to be estimated.

[0076] (7) The work machine 1 of this embodiment includes a vehicle body 2, a first work implement 25, an extension arm 12, a bucket angle sensor 66, and a controller 54. The first work implement 25 has an arm 11, a bucket 13, and a bucket cylinder 21 that drives the bucket 13, and is swingable relative to the vehicle body 2. The extension arm 12 has a link mechanism 32 that transmits the drive of the bucket cylinder 21 to the bucket 13, and is mountable between the arm 11 and the bucket 13. The bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed in the link mechanism 32. The controller 54 estimates the bucket angle θ3 with respect to the vehicle body 2 based on shape data of the first work implement 25, shape data of the extension arm 12, information related to the attitude of the first work implement 25, and a detection value by the bucket angle sensor 66. The extension arm 12 has an extension portion 31. The extension portion 31 includes a tip end 31a that can be connected to the bucket 13 and a base end 31b that can be connected to the arm 11. The link mechanism 32 has a first link portion 33, a second link member 34, and a third link portion 35. The first link portion 33 is connected to the extension portion 31 via a first link pin 36, and is connectable to a bucket link portion 47 connected to the bucket 13 via a second link pin 37. The second link member 34 is connected to the first link portion 33 via the second link pin 37 and extends toward the base end portion 31b. The third link portion 35 is disposed closer to the base end portion 31b than the first link portion 33, is connected to the extension portion 31 via a connecting pin 16, and is connected to the second link member 34 via a third link pin 38.

[0077] In this way, by disposing the bucket angle sensor 66 in the link mechanism 32, it is possible to reduce the possibility of the bucket angle sensor 66 being submerged during dredging work, for example, and to make the bucket less susceptible to the effects of the work.

[0078] (8) The extension unit of this embodiment includes an extension arm 12 and a bucket angle sensor 66. The extension arm 12 has a vehicle body 2, an arm 11, a bucket 13, and a bucket cylinder 21 that drives the bucket 13, and can be attached between the arm 11 and the bucket 13 of a work machine 1 that has a first work implement 25 that is swingable relative to the vehicle body 2. The bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed on the extension arm 12. The extension arm 12 has an extension portion 31 and a link mechanism 32. The extension portion 31 includes a tip end 31a that can be connected to the bucket 13 and a base end 31b that can be connected to the arm 11. The link mechanism 32 transmits the drive of the bucket cylinder 21 to the bucket 13. The link mechanism 32 has a first link portion 33, a second link member 34, and a third link portion 35. The first link portion 33 is connected to the extension portion 31 via a first link pin 36, and is connectable to a bucket link portion 47 connected to the bucket 13 via a second link pin 37. The second link member 34 is connected to the first link portion 33 via the second link pin 37 and extends toward the base end portion 31b. The third link portion 35 is disposed closer to the base end portion 31b than the first link portion 33, is connected to the extension portion 31 via a connecting pin 16, and is connected to the second link member 34 via a third link pin 38.

[0079] This makes it possible to provide the extension arm 12 in which the bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed in the link mechanism 32.

[0080] (Other embodiments) Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the invention.

[0081] (A) In the above embodiment, bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed in third link portion 35, and the detection value of bucket angle sensor 66 is set in advance to be acquired by controller 54, but bucket angle sensor 66 may also be retrofitted to an existing work machine to which an extension arm can be attached. In this case, the bucket angle sensor 66 can be provided to the existing work machine as position estimation unit 80 having bucket angle sensor 66, harness 67, and sensor controller 81 (an example of a detector controller) that controls bucket angle sensor 66.

[0082] 9(a), sensor controller 81 may acquire detection value Vd from bucket angle sensor 66 and transmit detection value Vd (an example of information based on the detection value) to controller 54 of vehicle body 2 via harness 67. Controller 54 calculates bucket angle θ3 from detection value Vd. As shown in FIG. 9(b), the sensor controller 81 may acquire the detection value Vd of the bucket angle sensor 66 and calculate the angle Φ1 from the detection value Vd based on the tilt angle data, the boom angle θ1 and the arm angle θ2, the shape data of the work implement 3, and the shape data of the extension arm 12. The sensor controller 81 transmits data on the angle Φ1 (an example of information based on the detection value) to the controller 54 of the vehicle body 2 via the harness 67. The controller 54 calculates the bucket angle θ3 from the data on the angle Φ1. In this case, the sensor controller 81 acquires data to calculate the angle Φ1.

[0083] 9(c), the sensor controller 81 may calculate the angle Φ2 from the detected value Vd acquired from the bucket angle sensor 66, based on the tilt angle data, the boom angle θ1, the arm angle θ2, the shape data of the work implement 3, and the shape data of the extension arm 12. The sensor controller 81 transmits data on the angle Φ2 (an example of information based on the detected value) to the controller 54 of the vehicle body 2 via the harness 67. The controller 54 calculates the bucket angle θ3 from the data on the angle Φ2. In this case, the sensor controller 81 acquires data for calculating the angle Φ2. Furthermore, the sensor controller 81 may determine the bucket angle θ3 from the detection value of the bucket angle sensor 66 and transmit data on the bucket angle θ3 (an example of information based on the detection value) to the controller 54 of the vehicle body 2.

[0084] The sensor controller 81 includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and memories and storage devices such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory). The storage device includes a semiconductor memory or a hard disk. The storage device is an example of a non-transitory recording medium that can be read by the sensor controller 81. The storage device records computer instructions that can be executed by the processor and that are used to perform the above-mentioned control.

[0085] As a result, even if the extension arm 12 is attached to an existing work machine, the position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 can be obtained by retrofitting the position estimation unit 80 to the work machine.

[0086] (B) In the link mechanism 32 of the extension arm 12 in the above embodiment, the length of the line segment L4 from the first link pin 36 to the second link pin 37 is different from the length of the line segment L2 from the connecting pin 16 to the third link pin 38, but they may also be the same.

[0087] 10 is a diagram showing an extension arm 12' having a link mechanism 32' which is a parallel link. Note that the harness 67 is omitted in FIG.

[0088] In the extension arm 12' shown in Figure 10, the length of the third link member 35a' of the third link portion 35' is the same as the length of the first link member 33a' of the first link portion 33', and the length of the line segment L4' from the first link pin 36 to the second link pin 37 is the same as the length of the line segment L2' from the connecting pin 16 to the third link pin 38.

[0089] In this case, the angle Φ1 and the angle Φ2 have the same value, so the bucket angle θ3 can be calculated from the angle Φ1 based on the shape data of the bucket 13.

[0090] Therefore, since it is not necessary to estimate the angle Φ2 from the angle Φ1 by calculation, the bucket angle θ3 can be estimated with higher accuracy.

[0091] (C) In the above embodiment, the bucket angle sensor 66 is disposed on the outer side surface 35b (see FIG. 3) of the third link member 35a, but this is not limitative.

[0092] FIG. 11(a) is a plan view showing the storage case 68 and the third link portion 35''. FIG. 11(b) is a side view showing the storage case 68 and the third link portion 35''.

[0093] As shown in the figure, a connection portion 35c is provided to connect the pair of third link members 35a, and a storage case 68 that stores a bucket angle sensor 66 is attached to the upper surface of the connection portion 35c. In this way, the bucket angle sensor 66 may be disposed on a part of the third link portion 35'' other than the side surface 35b of the third link member 35a.

[0094] (D) In the above embodiment, the position of the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 is estimated as information related to the bucket position, but this is not limited to the position of the cutting edge 13p. A position other than the cutting edge 13p of the bucket 13 may also be estimated. From this position and the shape data of the bucket 13, the attitude of the bucket 13 can be displayed on the guide screen 71.

[0095] (E) The work machine 1 is not limited to the hydraulic excavator described above, but may be other machines such as a mechanical excavator or a rope shovel. The work machine 1 according to the above embodiment is a so-called backhoe type excavator, but may also be a face shovel. Furthermore, the work machine is not limited to a track type excavator, but may also be a wheel type excavator. [Industrial Applicability]

[0096] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a position estimation system, a position estimation unit, a work machine, and an extension unit that are less affected by work. [Explanation of symbols]

[0097] 11 Arm 12 Extension Arm 13 Bucket 13p cutting edge 21 Bucket cylinder 25 1st work machine 32 Link mechanism 50 Location Estimation System 54 Controller 66 Bucket angle sensor

Claims

1. A position estimation system that estimates information related to the position of a bucket of a work machine that includes: a work machine body; a first work implement having an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket and that is swingable relative to the work machine body; and a second work implement having a link mechanism that transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket and that is attachable between the arm and the bucket, a first attitude detector that can be disposed on the link mechanism; a controller that estimates information regarding the position of the bucket relative to the work machine based on data regarding the shape of the first work machine, data regarding the shape of the second work machine, information regarding the attitude of the first work machine, and a detection value by the first attitude detector, The second working machine is an extension portion including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm; The link mechanism includes: a first link portion connected to the extension portion via a first connecting portion and connectable to a bucket link portion connected to the bucket via a second connecting portion; a second link portion connected to the first link portion via the second connecting portion and extending toward the second end portion; a third link portion that is disposed closer to the second end portion than the first link portion, that is connected to the extension portion via a third connecting portion, and that is connected to the second link portion via a fourth connecting portion; the first attitude detector is disposed on the third link portion; Location estimation system.

2. the first attitude detector is disposed on an outer surface of the third link portion; The location estimation system of claim 1 .

3. the information about the bucket position includes a bucket angle, which is the angle of a second line connecting a cutting edge of the bucket and the bucket pin, relative to a first line connecting a bucket pin that connects the bucket to the extension portion and an arm pin that is a swing fulcrum of the arm; The controller calculating a rotation angle of the third link portion relative to a third line connecting a connecting pin that connects the extension portion to the arm and the arm pin based on a detection value of the first posture detector; calculating a rotation angle of the first link portion relative to the second straight line based on the rotation angle of the third link portion; Calculating the bucket angle based on the rotation angle of the first link portion. The location estimation system of claim 1 .

4. the first work machine further includes a boom connected to the work machine body and the arm, a second posture detector for detecting a posture of the arm; a third attitude detector that detects the attitude of the boom, the controller estimates a position of the bucket based on the estimated bucket angle and detection values ​​of the second attitude detector and the third attitude detector. The location estimation system of claim 3 .

5. The link mechanism is a parallel link. The position estimation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. a state detector for detecting the position and inclination of the work machine body; the controller estimates a position of the bucket based on information relating to a position of the bucket relative to the work machine and a detected value of the state detector. The position estimation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The first attitude detector is an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit). The position estimation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A position estimation unit that estimates information relating to the position of a bucket of a work machine that includes: a work machine body; a first work implement that has an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket and is swingable relative to the work machine body; and a second work implement that has a link mechanism that transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket and is mountable between the arm and the bucket, a first attitude detector that can be disposed on the link mechanism; a detector controller that acquires a detection value by the first attitude detector and transmits information based on the detection value to the work machine main body, The second working machine is an extension portion including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm; The link mechanism includes: a first link portion connected to the extension portion via a first connecting portion and connectable to a bucket link portion connected to the bucket via a second connecting portion; a second link portion connected to the first link portion via the second connecting portion and extending toward the second end portion; a third link portion that is disposed closer to the second end portion than the first link portion, that is connected to the extension portion via a third connecting portion, and that is connected to the second link portion via a fourth connecting portion; the first attitude detector is disposed on the third link portion; Position estimation unit.

9. A work machine body; a first work machine having an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket, and that is swingable relative to the work machine body; a second working machine that has a link mechanism that transmits drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket and that can be attached between the arm and the bucket; a first attitude detector disposed on the link mechanism; a controller that estimates information regarding the position of the bucket relative to the work machine body based on data regarding the shape of the first work machine, data regarding the shape of the second work machine, information regarding the attitude of the first work machine, and a detection value by the first attitude detector, The second working machine is an extension portion including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm; The link mechanism includes: a first link portion connected to the extension portion via a first connecting portion and connectable to a bucket link portion connected to the bucket via a second connecting portion; a second link portion connected to the first link portion via the second connecting portion and extending toward the second end portion; a third link portion that is disposed closer to the second end portion than the first link portion, that is connected to the extension portion via a third connecting portion, and that is connected to the second link portion via a fourth connecting portion; the first attitude detector is disposed on the third link portion; Work machinery.

10. a work machine including a work machine body and a first work implement having an arm, a bucket, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket and is swingable relative to the work machine body; and an extension arm that can be attached between the arm and the bucket; a posture detector disposed on the extension arm, The extension arm is an extension portion including a first end connectable to the bucket and a second end connectable to the arm; a link mechanism that transmits the drive of the bucket cylinder to the bucket, The link mechanism includes: a first link portion connected to the extension portion via a first connecting portion and connectable to a bucket link portion connected to the bucket via a second connecting portion; a second link portion connected to the first link portion via the second connecting portion and extending toward the second end portion; a third link portion that is disposed closer to the second end portion than the first link portion, that is connected to the extension portion via a third connecting portion, and that is connected to the second link portion via a fourth connecting portion, the first attitude detector is disposed on the third link portion; Extension unit.

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