Chemical raw material distributor and method of using the same

Abstract

According to one or more embodiments, a chemical feedstock distributor may include a chemical feedstock inlet and a body. The chemical feedstock inlet can enter a chemical feedstock distributor. The body can include one or more walls that can define an elongated chemical feedstock flow path and a plurality of chemical feedstock outlets. The plurality of chemical feedstock outlets can be spaced apart on the wall. The plurality of chemical feedstock outlets can be operable to discharge the chemical feedstock flow from the chemical feedstock distributor. The elongated chemical feedstock flow path can include an upstream fluid path portion and a downstream fluid path portion. The walls can be positioned such that an average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than an average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - Reference to Related Applications) This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 085,266, filed September 30, 2020, entitled "CHEMICAL FEED DISTRIBUTORS AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME", the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] (Field of the Invention) This specification generally relates to chemical processing, and more specifically, to systems and processes for introducing a chemical feed stream.

Background Art

[0003] Gaseous chemicals can be supplied to a reactor or other vessel through a feed distributor. The use of a feed distributor can facilitate a balanced distribution of the feed chemical stream to such a reactor or vessel. Such distribution of the feed chemical can promote a preferred reaction and maintain the mass transfer equilibrium in a chemical system.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] In many chemical processes, the feed flow of chemical raw materials is supplied through a feed distributor into a high-temperature environment such as a reactor or combustor. These high-temperature environments can increase the maximum surface temperature on the outer periphery of the feed distributor, which can then increase the risk of carbonaceous deposit formation known as coking. This is particularly problematic in fluidized bed vessels, where the fluidized solid within the vessel significantly enhances heat transfer from the high-temperature environment to the feed distributor via radioactive and conductive heat transfer. Coking, in turn, can lead to the risk of blockage and uneven flow distribution. Therefore, improved feed distributors are needed. It has been found that feed distributors having a cross-sectional area that generally decreases along the length of the feed distributor in the direction of flow can facilitate a reduction in the maximum surface temperature on the outer periphery of the feed distributor. Embodiments of such feed distributors are described herein. One or more embodiments of such feed distributors can maintain a relatively stable maximum surface temperature on the outer periphery along its length, and thus reduce the risk of coking and the coking-related side effects. Embodiments of the present disclosure satisfy this need by utilizing the geometric shape of a chemical raw material distributor that maintains a specific heat transfer efficiency along the length of the chemical raw material distributor, thereby enabling the maintenance of linear velocity and reducing stagnation zones within the chemical raw material distributor.

[0005] According to one embodiment, a chemical raw material distributor may comprise a chemical raw material inlet, a body, and a secondary chemical raw material outlet. The chemical raw material inlet allows a chemical raw material supply flow to be introduced into the chemical raw material distributor. The body may comprise one or more walls and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets. One or more walls may define an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The plurality of chemical raw material outlets may be spaced apart on the walls along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The plurality of chemical raw material outlets may be operable to discharge the chemical raw material supply flow from the chemical raw material distributor into a container. The elongated chemical raw material supply flow path defined by the walls may include an upstream fluid path portion and a downstream fluid path portion. The upstream fluid path portion may run along a first segment of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The upstream fluid path portion may begin at the chemical raw material inlet. The upstream fluid path may end at an intermediate point along the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The downstream fluid path portion may run along a second segment of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The downstream fluid path portion may begin at an intermediate point along the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The downstream fluid path portion may end at a point near the end of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. The walls can be positioned such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion.

[0006] According to another embodiment, a method for distributing a chemical feed stream may include introducing the chemical feed stream into a chemical feed distributor through a chemical feed inlet. The chemical feed distributor may comprise a body. The body may comprise one or more walls and a plurality of chemical feed outlets. One or more walls may define an elongated chemical feed stream path. The plurality of chemical feed outlets may be spaced apart on the wall along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical feed stream path. The elongated chemical feed stream path defined by the wall may include an upstream fluid path portion and a downstream fluid path portion. The upstream fluid path portion may be along a first segment of the distance of the elongated chemical feed stream path. The upstream fluid path portion may begin from the chemical feed inlet. The downstream fluid path portion may be along a second segment of the distance of the chemical feed stream path. The walls are arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion. The method may further include passing a chemical raw material supply stream along a long, narrow chemical raw material supply stream path, discharging it from a chemical raw material distributor, and putting it into a container through multiple chemical raw material outlets.

[0007] Additional features and benefits are described below in the “Modes for Carrying Out the Invention,” some of which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description therein, or will be recognized by practicing the embodiments disclosed herein, including the “Modes for Carrying Out the Invention” and the claims.

[0008] It should be understood that both the general description above and the detailed description below are intended to illustrate various embodiments and to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and characteristics of the claimed subject matter. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1A] This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a chemical raw material distributor according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] This is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a chemical raw material distributor according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1C] These are schematic diagrams of various chemical raw material distributors according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1D] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a chemical raw material distributor according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1E] This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a chemical raw material distributor according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1F] This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a chemical raw material outlet of a chemical raw material distributor according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] This is a schematic cross-section of a container according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] This is a schematic diagram of a model of the maximum surface temperature of the outer periphery of a chemical raw material distributor having a varying average cross-sectional area, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] This is a schematic diagram of a model of the maximum surface temperature of the outer periphery of a chemical raw material distributor without a varying average cross-sectional area, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] This is a graph showing the peak temperature of the wall of a chemical raw material distributor exposed to the chemical raw material, with respect to the distance from the chemical raw material inlet along the chemical raw material distributor, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] This is a graph of the normalized flow rate per chemical raw material outlet, according to the distance from the chemical raw material inlet to the chemical raw material outlet along a chemical raw material distributor, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0010] Herein, various embodiments are referred to in more detail, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] According to one or more embodiments described herein, this disclosure relates to a chemical feedstock distributor and a method for using the same. Generally, the chemical feedstock distributor described herein may comprise a chemical feedstock inlet, a body having one or more walls, and a plurality of chemical feedstock outlets. A chemical feedstock flow may be supplied to the chemical feedstock distributor through the chemical feedstock inlet. Generally, the chemical feedstock distributor described herein includes an average cross-sectional area that decreases along the length of the chemical feedstock distributor. When the chemical feedstock flow enters a container from the chemical feedstock distributor through the plurality of chemical feedstock outlets, the linear gas velocity of the chemical feedstock flow can be maintained or at least less affected due to the average cross-sectional area that decreases along the length of the chemical feedstock distributor.

[0012] As used throughout this disclosure, “cross-sectional area” may refer to the area of ​​a two-dimensional shape obtained when a three-dimensional object (i.e., a cylinder) is sliced ​​perpendicular to a particular axis at a given point. “Average cross-sectional area” may refer to the average of several cross-sectional areas measured along a particular length of the three-dimensional shape.

[0013] Many embodiments of the chemical feedstock distributor are described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, as described herein, these embodiments can share common themes, such as the average cross-sectional area decreasing along the length of the chemical feedstock distributor. For example, Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E each similarly include an average cross-sectional area that generally decreases along the length of the chemical feedstock distributor.

[0014] Referring here to Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E, according to one or more embodiments, the chemical raw material distributor 100 may be equipped with a chemical raw material inlet 101. The chemical raw material inlet 101 allows a chemical raw material supply stream 102 to enter the chemical raw material distributor 100. Thus, the chemical raw material supply stream 102 can be delivered to the chemical raw material distributor 100 through the chemical raw material inlet 101. As described herein, the chemical raw material inlet 101 may refer to an inlet location in the container 110 that allows the chemical raw material distributor 100 and the chemical raw material supply stream 102 in the chemical raw material distributor 100 to enter the container 110.

[0015] The chemical raw material distributor 100 may comprise a body 105. The body 105 may comprise one or more walls 106. The body 105 may also comprise a plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107. As described herein, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107 may be openings in the or more walls 106 of the body 105 and may provide passages for the chemical raw material supply flow 102 from the chemical raw material distributor 100 to the container 110. In embodiments, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107 may be arranged in a single row along the chemical raw material distributor. In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 1B, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107 may be arranged in alternating positions along the chemical raw material distributor 100, such as in two rows. It is intended that the chemical raw material outlets 107 may be arranged in any configuration along the chemical raw material distributor 100. The plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107 may be provided with an orifice 107A at the starting point of each chemical raw material outlet 107 to create a pressure drop and produce a uniform distribution. The multiple chemical feedstock outlets 107 may also be provided with a diffuser 107B to reduce the surface gas velocity passing through the multiple chemical feedstock outlets 107 to prevent catalyst wear or damage to the chemical feedstock distributor 100. The diffuser 107B can allow the gas velocity to be in the range of 50 feet / second (ft / sec) to 300 ft / sec.

[0016] One or more walls 106 may define an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. Multiple chemical raw material outlets 107 may be spaced apart along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. Each of the multiple chemical raw material outlets 107 may be operable to discharge a portion 103 of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 from the chemical raw material distributor 100 into the container 110. The total flow rate of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 entering the chemical raw material distributor 100 may be equal to the flow rate of the portion 103 of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 that passes through each of the multiple chemical raw material outlets 107 and enters the container 110.

[0017] During operation, the chemical raw material supply stream 102 may be supplied at a relatively lower temperature compared to the temperature inside the container 110. According to one or more embodiments, the difference between the temperature of the chemical raw material supply stream 102 and the temperature inside the container 110 may be greater than 300°C, for example, greater than 350°C, greater than 400°C, greater than 450°C, greater than 500°C, greater than 550°C, greater than 600°C, or greater than 650°C. In embodiments, the temperature inside the container 110 may be greater than 500°C, and the temperature of the chemical raw material supply stream 102 may be lower than the temperature inside the container. During operation, the temperature inside the container 110 may begin to heat the chemical raw material distributor 100, and therefore may increase the highest surface temperature on the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor 100. The highest surface temperature on the outer circumference may refer to the highest surface temperature of the entire chemical raw material distributor 100. This may also increase the temperature of the chemical raw material supply stream 102 inside the chemical raw material distributor 100. If the maximum surface temperature on the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor 100 or the temperature of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 inside the chemical raw material distributor 100 rises excessively, the chemical raw material supply flow 102 may begin to deposit coke on the chemical raw material distributor 100. If coke is deposited on the chemical raw material distributor 100, blockage may begin at multiple chemical raw material outlets 107, which may result in an uneven flow distribution and operational problems. As used in this disclosure, “uneven flow distribution” may refer to the difference in uniform flow distribution between multiple chemical raw material outlets 107.

[0018] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the elongated chemical feed flow path 109 may be defined by one or more walls 106. The elongated chemical feed flow path 109 can include an upstream fluid path portion 111 and a downstream fluid path portion 112. The upstream fluid path portion 111 may be along a first segment of the distance of the elongated chemical feed flow path 109. The upstream fluid path portion 111 may start from the chemical feed inlet 101 and may continue to the downstream fluid path portion 112. Similarly, the downstream fluid path portion 112 may be along a second segment of the distance of the elongated chemical feed flow path 109. The downstream fluid path portion 112 may start from the end of the upstream fluid path portion 111 and may continue to the end point of the chemical dispenser 100. The end point may be equivalent to the end wall 106C. The end wall 106C may be the most downstream of the body 105 of the chemical dispenser 100. In FIGS. 1A to 1D, "L / 2" can indicate the location where the upstream fluid path portion 111 and the downstream fluid path portion intersect.

[0019] As used in the present disclosure, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" can refer to the relative position of an element with respect to the direction of flow of the process stream. A first element of a system can be considered "upstream" of a second element if the process stream flowing through the system encounters the first element before it encounters the second element. Similarly, a second element can be considered to be "downstream" of a first element if the process stream flowing through the system encounters the first element before it encounters the second element.

[0020] The walls 106 of the chemical raw material distributor 100 can be arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is larger than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112. In this embodiment, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be less than 50% of the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. For example, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be less than 40%, less than 30%, or less than 20% of the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. The minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be 1% to 30%, 5% to 25%, or 10% to 20% of the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109.

[0021] By positioning the wall 106 such that the average cross-sectional area of the upstream fluid path portion 111 is larger than the average cross-sectional area of the downstream fluid path portion 112, the risk of coking, and thus the risks of blockage and uneven flow distribution, can be reduced. Without being bound by any particular theory, when the average cross-sectional area of the elongated chemical feed flow path 109 decreases along the length of the chemical feed distributor 100, the linear gas velocity of the chemical feed flow 102 within the chemical feed distributor 100 can be maintained better. When the cross-sectional area of the elongated chemical feed flow path 109 is kept constant along the length of the chemical feed distributor 100, the volumetric flow rate of the chemical feed flow 102 decreases as a portion 103 of the chemical feed flow 102 passes through the plurality of chemical feed outlets 107 and enters the container 110. Such a decrease in the volumetric flow rate of the chemical feed flow 102 can result in an undesirable change in the Reynolds number. Such a decrease in the volumetric flow rate of the chemical feed flow 102 can result in a reduced linear gas velocity, which can in turn reduce the heat transfer rate of one or more walls 106 of the chemical feed distributor 100. This undesirable change in the Reynolds number and the reduction in the heat transfer rate of one or more walls 106 of the chemical feed distributor 100 can ultimately lead to coking of the chemical feed flow 102 within the chemical feed distributor 100. As detailed above, coking can lead to blockage and uneven flow distribution. Conversely, when the average cross-sectional area of the upstream fluid path portion 111 is larger than the average cross-sectional area of the downstream fluid path portion 112, the linear gas velocity of the chemical feed flow 102 can be maintained better along the length of the chemical feed distributor 100. This can result in a Reynolds number lower than the desired number and / or stagnation within the chemical feed distributor 100, and can reduce coking and the secondary effects associated with coking. That is, by maintaining the desired Reynolds number, coking, and further blockage of the plurality of chemical feed outlets 107 and uneven flow distribution can be minimized efficiently.

[0022] [[ID=X]] According to one or more embodiments, the most downstream chemical raw material outlet 107 relative to the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be located within 2 inches from the end wall 106C. The end wall 106C can define the endpoint of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. In the embodiments, the most downstream chemical raw material outlet 107 relative to the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be located at a distance equal to the inner diameter of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 at the endpoint of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. It is intended that the one or more chemical raw material outlets 107 may be arranged so that no single chemical raw material outlet 107 is further downstream than the others. In such cases, the measurement may be taken from any one of the one or more most downstream chemical raw material outlets 107 relative to the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. For example, the chemical raw material outlet 107 furthest downstream of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be located within a distance equal to half the inner diameter of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 at the end point of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. Any remaining amount of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be discharged from the chemical raw material outlet 107 furthest downstream of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109, as detailed above.

[0023] When used in this disclosure, “chemical raw materials” may refer to any process raw material feed stream or fuel gas, including but not limited to methane, natural gas, ethane, propane, hydrogen, or any gas that contains an energy value when burned.

[0024] In addition, as used in this disclosure, “container” may refer to a hollow container for holding a gas or solid, such as a reactor or combustor, in which one or more chemical reactions may optionally occur between one or more reactants in the presence of one or more catalysts. In embodiments, the container 110 may have a volume fraction of solid particles up to 55 vol%, and the surface velocity of the gas in the container 110 may be higher than the minimum fluidization velocity of the solid particles.

[0025] In addition, as used in this disclosure, “coking” may mean the formation of carbonaceous deposits or coke. “Blockage” may mean the accumulation of coke such that a passage or port is partially restricted or completely blocked.

[0026] Referring to Figures 1A and 1B, in some embodiments, one or more walls 106 may comprise a first wall 106A and an end wall 106C. The first wall 106A can define a first pipe 120, a frustoconical transition section 121, and a second pipe 122. When used herein, the pipe can include any shape. For example, the pipe may have a cross-sectional shape that is circular, cylindrical, elliptical, rectangular, or any other geometric shape. The first pipe 120 may be in contact with and located downstream of the chemical raw material inlet 101. The frustoconical transition section 121 may be in contact with and located downstream of the first pipe 120. The second pipe 122 may be in contact with and located downstream of the frustoconical transition section 121. Together, the first pipe 120, the frustoconical transition section 121, and the second pipe 122 can define an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. The multiple chemical raw material outlets 107 may be spaced apart along a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109, as detailed above, or alternatively, along a portion of the first pipe 120, the frustoconical transition section 121, and the second pipe 122. Thus, the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can enter the chemical raw material distributor 100 through the chemical raw material inlet 101, pass along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109, and exit the chemical raw material distributor 100 through the multiple chemical raw material outlets 107.

[0027] Figures 1A and 1B show a chemical raw material distributor 100 comprising a first pipe 120, a frustoconical transition section 121, and a second pipe 122, but it is intended that any number of pipes (i.e., pipe segments) and frustoconical transition sections may be used. For example, the chemical raw material distributor 100 may comprise multiple pipe segments, e.g., three, four, five, six, etc., with frustoconical transition sections between each pipe segment. Furthermore, it should be noted that each pipe segment does not need to be exactly the same length; that is, individual molded pipe segments may be shorter or longer than other individual molded pipe segments. While the first pipe 120 and the second pipe 122 in Figures 1A and 1B may be approximately the same length, it is intended that the first pipe 120 and the second pipe 122 may be of different lengths. For example, referring here to Figure 1C, various embodiments of the chemical raw material distributor 100 with various pipe segment configurations are shown. In some embodiments, the first pipe 120 may be shorter than the second pipe 122. In other embodiments, the first pipe 120 may be longer than the second pipe 122. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the chemical raw material distributor 100 may have more than two pipe segments (i.e., the first pipe 120 and the second pipe 122). That is, as shown in Figure 1C, the chemical raw material distributor may have, for example, three pipe segments.

[0028] Referring again to Figures 1A and 1B, the central axes of the first pipe 120 and the second pipe 122 may be collinear and parallel. That is, the walls 106 of the first pipe 120 and the walls 106 of the second pipe 122 may form concentric circles. In such embodiments, the frustoconical transition section 121 may have 360 ​​degrees of rotational symmetry. In other embodiments, the central axes of the first pipe 120 and the second pipe 122 may be nonparallel. That is, the walls 106 of the first pipe 120 and the walls 106 of the second pipe 122 may form eccentric circles. In embodiments, the frustoconical transition section 121 may be shaped such that the first formed pipe 120 and the second formed pipe 122 form a "U" or a "V".

[0029] During operation, according to embodiments of Figures 1A and 1B, the chemical feed stream 102 can enter the chemical feed distributor 100 through the chemical feed inlet 101. The chemical feed stream 102 can pass through the first pipe 120, the frustoconical transition section 121, and the second pipe 122. As detailed above, the elongated chemical feed stream path 109 may include an upstream fluid path portion 111 and a downstream fluid path portion 112. As the chemical feed stream 102 passes along the elongated chemical feed stream path 109, a portion 103 of the chemical feed stream 102 can exit the chemical feed distributor 100 through a plurality of chemical feed outlets 107. As a portion 103 of the chemical feed stream 102 exits the chemical feed distributor 100 through the plurality of chemical feed outlets 107, the linear gas velocity of the chemical feed stream 102 may decrease. However, when the average cross-sectional area along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 decreases, the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be maintained, or the decrease in the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be minimized. By maintaining the gas linear velocity or minimizing the decrease in the gas linear velocity, stagnation of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 within the chemical raw material distributor 100 can be reduced. By reducing stagnation of the chemical raw material supply flow 102, coking and related secondary effects can also be reduced.

[0030] Referring here to Figure 1D, according to one or more embodiments, one or more walls 106 may comprise a first wall 106A and a second wall 106B. The second wall 106B may have an inner diameter greater than or equal to that of the first wall 106A. The second wall 106B can surround the first wall 106A. The inner surface of the first wall 106A can define an upstream fluid path portion 111. The outer surface of the first wall 106A and the inner surface of the second wall 106B can define a downstream fluid path portion 112. The second wall 106B may have an inner diameter greater than or equal to that of the first wall 106A, but the downstream fluid path portion 112 may still have an average cross-sectional area smaller than that of the upstream fluid path portion 111. That is, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the second wall 106B may be greater than that of the first wall 106A, but the downstream fluid path portion 112 may be defined only by the region not occupied by the upstream fluid path portion 111.

[0031] Referring further to Figure 1D, the downstream portion 131 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 can surround the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. The first wall 106A may define the first pipe 120. The second wall 106B may define the second pipe 122. The first pipe 120 and the second pipe 122 may include pipes of the same shape or pipes of different shapes. The first wall 106A and the second wall 106B may form a coaxial geometric shape. It is also intended that the first wall 106A and the second wall 106B may form an eccentric geometric shape. The first wall 106A defining the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be airtight. In other words, the chemical raw material supply flow 102 does not have to pass through the first wall 106A, except where the first wall 106A terminates and the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 contacts the downstream portion 131 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. As shown in Figure 1D, the first wall 106A may be shorter than the second wall 106B, and as a result, the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be continuous through the main body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100.

[0032] During operation, according to the embodiment shown in Figure 1D, the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can enter the chemical raw material distributor 100 through the chemical raw material inlet 101. The chemical raw material supply flow 102 can pass through the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. As shown in Figure 1D, the first wall 106A defining the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may terminate in front of the end of the body 105 opposite the chemical raw material inlet 101. This allows the chemical raw material supply flow 102 to continue from the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 to the downstream portion 131 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. As the chemical raw material supply flow 102 moves along the downstream portion 131 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109, the chemical raw material supply flow 102 returns towards the chemical raw material inlet 101, but can move outside the first wall 106A that defines the upstream portion 130 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. When the chemical raw material supply flow 102 moves along the downstream portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109, portion 103 of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can exit the chemical raw material distributor 100 through a plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107. When portion 103 of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 exits the chemical raw material distributor 100 through a plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107, the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 may decrease. However, when the average cross-sectional area along the downstream portion 131 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 decreases, the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be maintained, or the decrease in the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be minimized. By maintaining the gas linear velocity or minimizing the decrease in the gas linear velocity, stagnation of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 within the chemical raw material distributor 100 can be reduced. By reducing the stagnation of the chemical raw material supply flow 102, coking and related secondary effects can also be reduced.

[0033] Referring here to Figure 1E, according to one or more embodiments, the chemical raw material distributor 100 may include a chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 inside the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100. The chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may be in contact with the end wall 106C of the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100. The chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may reduce the cross-sectional area along a portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 along the length of the chemical raw material distributor 100. In embodiments having the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108, the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100 may have a constant diameter along the length of the chemical raw material distributor 100. The chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may function to reduce the cross-sectional area along the length of the chemical raw material distributor 100 without changing the diameter of the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100. However, according to one or more embodiments, the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100 may feature both a decreasing cross-sectional area along a portion of the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100, and a chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 inside the body 105 of the chemical raw material distributor 100.

[0034] Referring further to Figure 1E, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may be larger in the downstream fluid path portion 112 than in the upstream fluid path portion 111. Also, in some embodiments, the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may be located only in the downstream fluid path portion 112 of the chemical raw material distributor 100. That is, in some embodiments, the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may not extend from the downstream fluid path portion 112 to the upstream fluid path portion 111. According to one or more embodiments, the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 can include any shape. For example, the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may include one or more of the following shapes: conical, cylindrical, rectangular, spherical, or a combination thereof.

[0035] During operation, according to the embodiment of Figure 1E, the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can enter the chemical raw material distributor 100 through the chemical raw material inlet 101. The chemical raw material supply flow 102 can pass along an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. As the chemical raw material supply flow 102 passes along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109, a portion 103 of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can exit the chemical raw material distributor 100 through a plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107. Here again, the gas linear velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 may decrease as the portion 103 of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 exits the chemical raw material distributor 100 through the plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107. However, the chemical raw material supply flow guide 108 may reduce its cross-sectional area along the length of the chemical raw material distributor 100. When the average cross-sectional area along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 is reduced, the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be maintained, or the decrease in the linear gas velocity of the chemical raw material supply flow 102 can be minimized. By maintaining the gas linear velocity or minimizing the decrease in the gas linear velocity, caking and its associated side effects can also be reduced.

[0036] Referring here to Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E, the chemical raw material distributor 100 may include a refractory material 113 lining the walls 106 of the main body 105. When used herein, the refractory material 113 is a material that can withstand decomposition by heat, pressure, or chemical erosion and can maintain its strength and shape at high temperatures. Oxides of aluminum, silicon, magnesium, and calcium may be common materials used in the manufacture of refractory materials. The refractory material 113 may also be an insulating material having a thermal conductivity of less than about 14 W / mK. According to one or more embodiments, the thickness of the refractory material 113 lining the walls 106 defining the upstream fluid path portion 111 and the downstream fluid path portion 112 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may vary. For example, the thickness of the refractory material 113 lining the downstream fluid path portion 112 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 may be thicker than the refractory material 113 lining the wall 106 that defines the upstream fluid path portion 111 of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2, a schematic cross-section of an embodiment of the vessel 110 is shown. Figure 2 shows the vessel 110 used as a fluid fuel gas combustor system for a catalytic dehydrogenation process. However, as detailed herein, the chemical feedstock distributor 100 may be used in various vessels 110. Referring again to Figure 2, the vessel 110 may include a generally cylindrical lower part 201 and an upper part comprising a frustum 202. The angle between the frustum 202 and an internal horizontal imaginary line drawn at the intersection of the frustum 202 and the lower part 201 may be in the range of 10 to 80 degrees. All individual values ​​and subranges of 10 to 80 degrees are included and disclosed herein, for example, the angle between the tubular component and the frustum 202 component may range from a lower limit of 10, 40, or 60 degrees to an upper limit of 30, 50, 70, or 80 degrees. For example, the angle may be 10 to 80 degrees, or alternatively 30 to 60 degrees, or alternatively 10 to 50 degrees, or alternatively 40 to 80 degrees. Furthermore, in alternative embodiments, the angle may vary continuously or discontinuously along the height of the frustum 202. In some embodiments, the container 110 may or may not be lined with fire-resistant material.

[0038] Used or partially deactivated catalyst can enter the container 110 through the downpipe 203. In an alternative configuration, the used or partially deactivated catalyst may enter the container 110 through a side inlet or bottom inlet, as described in U.S. Patent No. 9,370,759(B2), and pass upward through an air distributor. The used catalyst collides with the splash guard 204, where it is distributed. The container 110 may further include an air distributor 205 located at or slightly below the height of the splash guard 204. Above the air distributor 205 and the outlet 206 of the downpipe 203, there may be a grid 207. Above the grid 207, there may be a plurality of chemical feedstock distributors 100. One or more additional grids 208 may be located in the container 110 above the chemical feedstock distributors 100. In this embodiment, the chemical raw material distributor 100 can enter a container 110 and substantially traverse the container 110, as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 868,507 (Agent Reference Number DOW 77770).

[0039] As described above in this specification, according to one or more embodiments, a method for distributing a chemical raw material supply stream 102 may include introducing the chemical raw material supply stream 102 into a chemical raw material distributor 100 through a chemical raw material inlet 101. The method may further include passing the chemical raw material supply stream 102 along an elongated chemical raw material supply stream path 109, exiting the chemical raw material distributor 100, and introducing it into a container 110 through a plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107. As described according to the various embodiments above, the chemical raw material distributor 100 may comprise a body 105. The body 105 may comprise one or more walls 106 and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107. One or more walls 106 may define an elongated chemical raw material supply stream path 109. The plurality of chemical raw material outlets 107 may be spaced apart on the walls 106 along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply stream path 109. The elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 defined by the wall 106 may include an upstream fluid path portion 111 and a downstream fluid path portion 112. The upstream fluid path portion 111 may be along a first segment of the distance of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109 starting from the chemical raw material inlet 101. The downstream fluid path portion 112 may be along a second segment of the distance of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path 109. The wall 106 can be positioned such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the temperature inside the container 110 may be higher than 650°C, and the maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor 100 may not exceed the temperature inside the container 110. In other embodiments, the temperature inside the container 110 may be higher than 650°C, and the maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor 100 may not exceed 500°C.

[0041] As will be further explained below, Figures 3A, 3B, and 4 further show the maximum and peak surface temperatures of the outer circumference of the chemical feedstock distributor 100 according to the embodiments described herein. Figure 4 compares an embodiment in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is larger than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112 (402 in Figure 4) with a chemical feedstock distributor 100 in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is equal to the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112 (401 in Figure 4).

[0042] As previously stated herein, the chemical feedstock distributor 100 of the embodiments herein can reduce the risk of coking. Since coking can lead to the risk of blockage and uneven flow distribution, the chemical feedstock distributor 100 of the embodiments herein can reduce the risk of blockage and uneven flow distribution. Uneven flow distribution may also be caused by heating of the chemical feedstock flow 102 in the chemical feedstock distributor 100, which may be called thermally induced uneven flow distribution. As the temperature of the chemical feedstock flow 102 in the chemical feedstock distributor 100 rises, the density of the chemical feedstock flow 102 may decrease. The mass flow rate is proportional to the square root of the gas density. If the density of the chemical feedstock flow 102 decreases along the length of the chemical feedstock distributor 100, the mass flow rate may also decrease along the length of the chemical feedstock distributor 100. However, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature rise of the chemical feedstock flow 102 may be smaller, which in turn reduces any change in the density of the chemical feedstock flow 102. Thus, thermally induced uneven flow distribution can be reduced.

[0043] In embodiments of the present disclosure, the relative reduction of the flow rate non-uniform distribution (including the heat-induced flow rate non-uniform distribution) may be less than ±30.0%, for example, less than ±27.5%, less than 25.0%, less than 22.5%, less than 20.0%, less than 17.5%, less than ±15.0%, less than ±12.5%, less than ±10.0%, less than ±7.5%, less than ±7.0%, less than ±6.5%, less than ±6.0%, less than ±5.5%, less than ±5.0%, less than ±4.5%, less than ±4.0%, less than ±3.5%, less than ±3.0%, or less than ±3.0%, compared to embodiments where the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is equal to the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112. The flow rate imbalance distribution can be determined by using ANSYS Fluent®, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program capable of numerically predicting 3D compressible flow and conjugate heat transfer within a system according to first-principles laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. The flow rate imbalance distribution is simply the deviation from the perfect average mass distribution at various points along the distributor.

[0044] As shown in Figure 5, the embodiment of this disclosure in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is larger than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112 (502 in Figure 5) shows a reduction in the flow rate uneven distribution compared to the embodiment in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is equal to the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112 (501 in Figure 5). In fact, the flow rate uneven distribution in this embodiment may be less than ±15.0%. Conversely, the flow rate uneven distribution in the embodiment in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion 111 is equal to the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion 112 may be as large as ±21.0%, as shown in Figure 5. [Examples]

[0045] Various embodiments of systems and processes for distributing chemical raw materials through a chemical raw material distributor are further clarified by the following embodiments. These embodiments are illustrative in nature and should not be understood as limiting the subject matter of this disclosure.

[0046] Example 1: Effects of having a larger average cross-sectional area in the upstream fluid path than in the downstream fluid path. In Example 1, a 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was used to compare a chemical raw material distributor (hereinafter, "chemical raw material distributor A") having an average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion that was larger than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion with a chemical raw material distributor (hereinafter, "chemical raw material distributor B") having a constant cross-sectional area along both the upstream and downstream fluid path portions. Both chemical raw material distributors were 100 inches long. Furthermore, both chemical raw material distributors had 46 chemical raw material outlets. A gas flow containing methane, ethylene, and propylene was supplied to the chemical raw material distributors. The chemical raw material distributors then directed the gas flow into a fluidized bed reactor operating at a temperature higher than the gas flow, approximately 680°C. Both chemical raw material distributors had the same chemical raw material inlet linear gas velocity of approximately 30–150 ft / sec, and a standard inlet velocity of 60–80 ft / sec.

[0047] In Example 1, chemical raw material distributor A has an upstream fluid path section with a diameter approximately twice that of the downstream fluid path section. Conversely, chemical raw material distributor B has an upstream fluid path section and a downstream fluid path section with a constant diameter. Furthermore, the last chemical raw material outlet of chemical raw material distributor A is located 0.5 inches from the end of the chemical raw material distributor. The last chemical raw material outlet of chemical raw material distributor B is located 6.5 inches from the end of the chemical raw material distributor.

[0048] As shown in Figures 3A and 3B, a chemical feedstock distributor having a constant cross-sectional area along the upstream and downstream fluid path portions (Figure 3A) is compared with an embodiment of the present disclosure in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion (Figure 3B). The maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference of the inner wall of the chemical feedstock distributor was obtained from a CFD model. Compared to a chemical feedstock distributor having a constant cross-sectional area along the upstream and downstream fluid path portions, a chemical feedstock distributor in which the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion exhibits a lower maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference.

[0049] As shown in Figure 4, the end of a chemical feedstock distributor having a constant cross-sectional area along the upstream fluid path portion, opposite the chemical feedstock inlet, has a much higher maximum outer surface temperature than a chemical feedstock distributor where the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion. Figure 4 shows a lower and more uniform maximum outer surface temperature over the entire length of a chemical feedstock distributor (402) where the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion, compared to a chemical feedstock distributor (401) where the cross-sectional area along both the upstream and downstream fluid path portions remains constant. Furthermore, Figure 4 demonstrates that the maximum outer surface temperature does not reach temperatures as high as in embodiment (401) where the cross-sectional area along both the upstream and downstream fluid path portions remains constant. This lower maximum outer surface temperature may be due to the linear gas velocity of the chemical feedstock flow when the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion, as previously stated herein. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the maximum surface temperature of the outer periphery can be adjusted based on process requirements by adjusting the feed flow, the inlet flow rate of the feed flow, the total length of the chemical feed flow path, the location of the chemical discharge port, and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream and downstream fluid path sections, in order to reduce the risk of coking.

[0050] One or more aspects of the present disclosure are described herein. A first aspect may include a chemical feed distributor comprising: a chemical feed inlet for introducing a feed stream into the chemical feed distributor; a body comprising one or more walls and a plurality of chemical feed outlets, the one or more walls defining an elongated feed stream path; the plurality of chemical feed outlets spaced apart on the walls along at least a portion of the length of the elongated feed stream path; and the plurality of chemical feed outlets operable to discharge the feed stream from the chemical feed distributor into a container, wherein the elongated feed stream path defined by the walls comprises an upstream fluid path portion along a first segment of the distance of the elongated feed stream path starting from the feed inlet; and a downstream fluid path portion along a second segment of the distance of the elongated feed stream path, the walls arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion.

[0051] A second embodiment may include the first embodiment, wherein the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is less than 50% of the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

[0052] A third embodiment may include either the first or second embodiment, wherein the downstream chemical material outlet of an elongated chemical material supply flow path is located within 2 inches of the end wall defining the terminus of the elongated chemical material supply flow path.

[0053] A fourth embodiment may include any of the first to third embodiments, wherein the downstream chemical raw material outlet of an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is located at a distance equal to the inner diameter of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path at the terminal point of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

[0054] A fifth embodiment may include any one of the first to fourth embodiments, wherein one or more walls comprise a first pipe, a frustoconical transition section, and a second pipe, the first pipe being in contact with the frustoconical transition section, and the frustoconical transition section being in contact with the second pipe.

[0055] The sixth embodiment may include the fifth embodiment in which the central axis of the first pipe and the central axis of the second pipe are parallel.

[0056] A seventh embodiment may include any one of the first to fourth embodiments, wherein one or more walls comprise a first wall and a second wall having an inner diameter greater than or equal to that of the first wall, the second wall surrounding the first wall, the inner surface of the first wall defining an upstream fluid path, and the outer surface of the first wall and the inner surface of the second wall defining a downstream fluid path.

[0057] The eighth embodiment may include the seventh embodiment, wherein the downstream portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path surrounds the upstream portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

[0058] A ninth embodiment may include a seventh embodiment in which the first wall comprises a first molded pipe and the second wall comprises a second molded pipe.

[0059] A tenth embodiment may include any one of the first to fourth embodiments, further comprising a chemical feed flow guide inside the body of the chemical feed distributor, wherein the chemical feed flow guide reduces its cross-sectional area along a portion of the elongated chemical feed flow path along the length of the chemical feed distributor.

[0060] The eleventh embodiment may include the tenth embodiment, wherein the average cross-sectional area of ​​the chemical raw material supply flow guide is larger in the downstream fluid path portion than in the upstream fluid path portion.

[0061] The twelfth embodiment may include any one of the first to eleventh embodiments, wherein the chemical raw material distributor includes a fire-resistant material lining the walls of the main body.

[0062] A thirteenth embodiment may include any one of the first to twelfth embodiments, wherein the thickness of the refractory material lining the wall defining the downstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is greater than the thickness of the refractory material lining the wall defining the upstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

[0063] A 14th embodiment may include a method for distributing a chemical raw material, the method comprising introducing a chemical raw material supply stream into a chemical raw material distributor through a chemical raw material inlet, the chemical raw material distributor comprising a body having one or more walls and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets, the one or more walls defining an elongated chemical raw material supply stream path, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets spaced apart on the wall along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply stream path, the elongated chemical raw material supply stream path defined by the wall comprising an upstream fluid path portion along a first segment of the distance of the elongated chemical raw material supply stream path starting from the chemical raw material inlet, and a downstream fluid path portion along a second segment of the distance of the chemical raw material supply stream path, the wall being arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion, and allowing the chemical raw material supply stream to pass along the elongated chemical raw material supply stream path, discharge it from the chemical raw material distributor, and put it into a container through the plurality of chemical raw material outlets.

[0064] The 15th embodiment may include the 14th embodiment, wherein the temperature inside the container exceeds 650°C, the maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor does not exceed 650°C, and a fluid catalyst is present inside the container.

[0065] In addition, as shown in Figure 5, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the flow rate per chemical feed outlet of the entire chemical feed distributor is much more stable. That is, when the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path is larger than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path, the flow rate per chemical feed outlet is more uniform and constant. As previously stated herein, this reduction in flow rate non-uniformity may be due to a reduction in coking in the chemical feed distributor.

[0066] Finally, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter. Accordingly, it is intended that such modifications and changes to the various embodiments described herein be encompassed, insofar as they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. The present invention includes the following embodiments. [Aspect 1] A chemical raw material distributor, A chemical raw material inlet into which the chemical raw material supply flow is introduced to the chemical raw material distributor, A body comprising one or more walls and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets, wherein the one or more walls define an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets are spaced apart on the walls along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, and the plurality of chemical raw material outlets are operable to discharge the chemical raw material supply flow from the chemical raw material distributor into a container. The elongated chemical raw material supply flow path defined by the wall is an upstream fluid path along a first segment of the distance of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path starting from the chemical raw material inlet. A chemical raw material distributor comprising a portion and a downstream fluid path portion along a second segment of the distance of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, wherein the wall is arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion. [Aspect 2] The chemical raw material distributor according to embodiment 1, wherein the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is less than 50% of the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. [Aspect 3] The chemical raw material discharge port, which is the furthest downstream of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, is located within 2 inches of the end wall that defines the end point of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. A chemical raw material distributor as described in either item 1 or 2. [Aspect 4] A chemical raw material distributor according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the chemical raw material outlet furthest downstream of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is located at the terminal point of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path within a distance equal to the inner diameter of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. [Aspect 5] A chemical raw material distributor according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein one or more walls comprises a first pipe, a frustoconical transition section, and a second pipe, the first pipe being in contact with the frustoconical transition section, and the frustoconical transition section being in contact with the second pipe. [Aspect 6] The chemical raw material distributor according to embodiment 5, wherein the central axis of the first pipe and the central axis of the second pipe are parallel. [Aspect 7] A chemical raw material distributor according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the one or more walls comprises a first wall and a second wall having an inner diameter greater than or equal to that of the first wall, the second wall surrounds the first wall, the inner surface of the first wall defines the upstream fluid path portion, and the outer surface of the first wall and the inner surface of the second wall define the downstream fluid path portion. [Aspect 8] The chemical raw material distributor according to embodiment 7, wherein the downstream portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path surrounds the upstream portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path. [Aspect 9] The chemical raw material distributor according to embodiment 7, wherein the first wall comprises a first molded pipe and the second wall comprises a second molded pipe. [Aspect 10] A chemical raw material distributor according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the chemical raw material distributor is further provided with a chemical raw material supply flow guide inside the main body, and the chemical raw material supply flow guide reduces its cross-sectional area along a portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path along the length of the chemical raw material distributor. [Aspect 11] The chemical raw material distributor according to embodiment 10, wherein the average cross-sectional area of ​​the chemical raw material supply flow guide is larger in the downstream fluid path portion than in the upstream fluid path portion. [Aspect 12] The chemical raw material distributor according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the chemical raw material distributor includes a fire-resistant material that backs the wall of the main body. [Aspect 13] The thickness of the refractory material backing the wall defining the downstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is greater than the thickness of the refractory material backing the wall defining the upstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, as described in any one of embodiments 1 to 12. A chemical raw material distributor. [Aspect 14] A method for distributing chemical raw materials, The chemical raw material supply flow is introduced into a chemical raw material distributor through a chemical raw material inlet, wherein the chemical raw material distributor comprises a body having one or more walls and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets, and the 1 The walls define an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets are spaced apart on the walls along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, and the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path defined by the walls comprises an upstream fluid path portion along a first segment of the distance of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path starting from the chemical raw material inlet, The system comprises a downstream fluid path portion along a second segment of the distance of the chemical raw material supply flow path, and the wall is arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion. A method comprising passing the chemical raw material supply stream along the elongated chemical raw material supply stream path, discharging it from the chemical raw material distributor, and putting it into a container through the plurality of chemical raw material discharge ports. [Aspect 15] The method according to embodiment 14, wherein the temperature inside the container exceeds 650°C, the maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor does not exceed 650°C, and a fluid catalyst is present inside the container.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising a container and a chemical raw material distributor that passes through the inside of the container, The aforementioned device is A chemical raw material inlet into which a chemical raw material supply stream, which is a hydrocarbon-containing gas, is introduced into the chemical raw material distributor, A body comprising first and second pipe segments, each of the first and second pipe segments having one or more walls and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets formed within the first and second pipe segments, the one or more walls defining an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets spaced apart on the walls along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets operable to discharge the chemical raw material supply flow from the chemical raw material distributor into the container, and the temperature inside the container exceeds 500°C during operation, comprising the body. The apparatus comprises an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path defined by the wall, an upstream fluid path portion along a first pipe segment along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path starting from the chemical raw material inlet, and a downstream fluid path portion along a second pipe segment along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, wherein the wall is arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion along the first pipe segment is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion along the second pipe segment.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is less than 50% of the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chemical raw material discharge port furthest downstream of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is located within 2 inches from the end wall defining the termination point of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the chemical raw material discharge port, which is the most downstream of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, is located at the terminal point of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path within a distance equal to the inner diameter of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein one or more walls comprises a first pipe, a frustoconical transition section, and a second pipe, the first pipe being in contact with the frustoconical transition section, and the frustoconical transition section being in contact with the second pipe.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the central axis of the first pipe and the central axis of the second pipe are parallel.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more walls comprises a first wall and a second wall having an inner diameter greater than or equal to that of the first wall, the second wall surrounds the first wall, the inner surface of the first wall defines the upstream fluid path portion, and the outer surface of the first wall and the inner surface of the second wall define the downstream fluid path portion.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the downstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path surrounds the upstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the first wall comprises a first molded pipe and the second wall comprises a second molded pipe.

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the chemical raw material distributor is further provided with a chemical raw material supply flow guide inside the main body, and the chemical raw material supply flow guide reduces the cross-sectional area along a portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path along the length of the chemical raw material distributor.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the average cross-sectional area of ​​the chemical raw material supply flow guide is larger in the downstream fluid path portion than in the upstream fluid path portion.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the chemical raw material distributor includes a fire-resistant material that backs the wall of the main body.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the thickness of the refractory material lining the wall defining the downstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path is greater than the thickness of the refractory material lining the wall defining the upstream fluid path portion of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the container is a fluidized bed reactor or combustor operating at a temperature above 650°C, and the gas comprises methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, or a combination thereof.

15. A method for distributing chemical raw materials, A chemical raw material supply flow, which is a gas containing hydrocarbons, is introduced into a chemical raw material distributor through a chemical raw material inlet, wherein the chemical raw material distributor comprises a body having first and second pipe segments, each of the first and second pipe segments having one or more walls and a plurality of chemical raw material outlets formed within the first and second pipe segments, the one or more walls defining an elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, the plurality of chemical raw material outlets spaced apart on the walls along at least a portion of the length of the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path defined by the walls comprising an upstream fluid path portion along the first pipe segment along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path starting from the chemical raw material inlet, and a downstream fluid path portion along the second pipe segment along the chemical raw material supply flow path, wherein the walls are arranged such that the average cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream fluid path portion along the first pipe segment is greater than the average cross-sectional area of ​​the downstream fluid path portion along the second pipe segment. A method comprising passing the chemical raw material supply flow along the elongated chemical raw material supply flow path, discharging it from the chemical raw material distributor, and putting it into a container through the plurality of chemical raw material discharge ports, wherein the temperature inside the container exceeds 500°C during operation.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the temperature inside the container exceeds 650°C, the maximum surface temperature of the outer circumference of the chemical raw material distributor does not exceed 650°C, and a fluid catalyst is present inside the container.

17. The method according to either claim 15 or 16, wherein the container is a fluidized bed reactor or combustor operating at a high temperature exceeding 650°C, and the gas comprises methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, or a combination thereof.

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