Multifunctional earth column model device and method of use

Abstract

To provide a multi-functional soil column model device and an application method.SOLUTION: There is provided a multi-functional soil column model device with which: a pushing plate is made to come closer to a soil layer in a lower direction through extension of an electrically-driven push rod and one end of a rope is connected to a fixation plate, so that a rope disc releases the rope to generate rotation; a rotating shaft drives a cum to rotate and to generate a push-out motion between the cum and a pulley to make a first spring together with a fixation piece reciprocally vibrate, and the fixation piece makes a disc with a screw together with the pushing plate reciprocally vibrate through a second spring; and the pushing plate drives downward to hold a vibration state to be made contact with the soil layer and to carry out compaction work as continuing vibration to improve compaction quality of the soil layer, which simulates a road base soil layer better.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil column water infiltration models, and particularly to a multi-functional soil column model device and a usage method thereof.

Background Art

[0002] The subgrade is the foundation of the road surface and an important unit of the entire road structure. Its safety and stability directly affect the safety of high-speed railway and highway infrastructure and play an important role in the further development of China's national economy. From the initial stage of landfill to the start of operation, the subgrade structure has always been exposed to the natural environment and is affected by factors such as atmospheric rainfall and changes in the groundwater level. The moisture content of the soil layer changes and increases, and the saturation degree and matric suction of the unsaturated region of the subgrade gradually change. Especially under extreme rainfall conditions, water accumulates inside the embankment and cannot be discharged in a timely manner, forming a "water sac" inside the subgrade, reducing the rigidity and strength of the subgrade soil layer, causing large additional deformations, and threatening the long-term service performance of the subgrade. Therefore, correctly understanding the evolution process of the subgrade humidity field affected by environmental fields such as the atmospheric environment and groundwater during the use of the subgrade is the key to ensuring the safety and stability of the long-term operation of the subgrade.

[0003] To address the above problems, many scholars have explored the transition rules of soil layer moisture content under different rainfall conditions using one-dimensional soil columns or water level fixed / variable lysimeters. However, a single one-dimensional soil column device / water level fluctuation lysimeter is only applicable to water level fluctuation simulated rainfall tests (simulating only rainfall replenishment and not considering groundwater outflow), and it is difficult to simulate the groundwater level. In addition, the sizes of the one-dimensional soil column devices adopted in conventional tests are all fixed, which is not only inconvenient to adjust based on experiments of different heights, but also occupies a large space, is inconvenient for carrying and transportation, is difficult to quickly consolidate during the installation of sensors before and after the test and the filling of the soil layer, and if the soil column is not completely consolidated, it will affect the quality of the experiment. It is inconvenient for sampling operations during the experiment process and is difficult to clean after the experiment is completed, complicating simple tests and resulting in high test time costs. Therefore, researching a new multi-functional soil column model device and a usage method to solve the above problems has important significance. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made to this section, the abstract, and the title of the invention in order to avoid ambiguity of the purpose of this section, the abstract, and the title of the invention; however, such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above and / or existing problems in soil column water infiltration models, the present invention is provided. Therefore, the technical problems that this invention aims to solve are that it is difficult to simulate the groundwater level with a single one-dimensional soil column device, the size of the one-dimensional soil column devices used in conventional tests is fixed, making it inconvenient to adjust based on experiments at different heights, the space occupied is large and it is inconvenient to carry and transport, it is difficult to quickly compact the sensor when attaching it before and after the test and when loading the soil layer, and if the soil column is not completely compacted it affects the quality of the experiment, sampling work during the experimental process is inconvenient, and cleaning after the completion of the experiment is difficult, making simple tests complicated and increasing the time cost of the test.

[0006] To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-functional earth column model device, A soil column model mechanism including a model assembly and a water-filling assembly communicating with the bottom of the model assembly, The model assembly includes an auxiliary mechanism including an extension assembly, a water level pipe provided below the model assembly, a water supply assembly and a fixed adjustment assembly further fixed to the model assembly, one side of the extension assembly fitted into the adjustment assembly, a cleaning assembly screwed onto the top of the extension assembly, an elastic assembly fixedly connected below the extension assembly, a torque assembly fixedly connected to the elastic assembly, rope discs fixedly connected to both ends of the torque assembly, a rope wrapped around the outside of the rope discs, the rope passing through the elastic assembly and fixed to the extension assembly, two cams fixedly connected to the torque assembly, the lower ends of the two cams fitted to two pulleys, identical fixing pieces fixed to the bottoms of the two pulleys, the fixing pieces fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic assembly, a switch mounted on the bottom of the fixing pieces, a threaded disc provided below the switch, and a pressure assembly screwed onto the threaded disc.

[0007] As a further solution to the present invention, the adjustment assembly includes a frame on which an adjustment plate is provided, an adjustment opening is provided below the frame on which a support shaft is provided, the support shaft is fixed above the frame, and the adjustment plate is locked to the frame via bolts. A chute is provided in the adjustment plate, a slider is slidably connected to the chute, and the slider is fixed to the chute via fixing bolts.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the water injection assembly includes a fixing member fixed to a slider, the fixing member to which a conduit having a valve is fixed.

[0009] As a further solution to the present invention, the model assembly includes a threaded barrel and three sets of model barrels, the frame is fixed to the threaded barrel, and inside the threaded barrel is a filtration system consisting of a metal gasket, a second permeable stone, a second filter paper, a first permeable stone and a first filter paper from bottom to top, the threaded barrel is in communication with a water level pipe, and the bottom of the threaded barrel is in communication with a conduit, A second threaded head and a first threaded head are fixed to both the upper and lower ends of the aforementioned model barrel, the lowermost first threaded head is assembled by screwing it into the threaded barrel, the other first threaded heads are assembled by screwing them into the second threaded heads, a buckle is fixed to the second threaded head, and the adjustment plate is located inside the buckle. A sampling port into which a sealing layer is fitted is provided on one side of the model barrel, a ferrule is fixed to one side of the sealing layer, and the adjustment plate is located within the ferrule. The threaded barrel consists of a bottom barrel, several adjustment bolts, and several threaded seats that are assembled by screwing into the adjustment bolts, with the several adjustment bolts mounted below the bottom barrel.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the cleaning assembly includes a threaded pipe, a nozzle fixed above the inner wall of the threaded pipe, a brush fixed outside the threaded pipe, an annular nozzle fixed to the threaded pipe provided above the brush, the annular nozzle and nozzle member communicating with both ends of a three-way valve, and the three-way valve communicating with a hose.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the telescopic assembly includes a fixing plate, the lower part of which is fixed to one end of two ropes, an adjustment sleeve fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate, the adjustment sleeve being locked to the adjustment plate via a bolt, an electric push rod being attached to the fixing plate, and a threaded member being fixed to the upper part of the electric push rod, which is assembled by screwing it into a threaded pipe.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the elastic assembly includes a connecting piece fixed to the bottom end of an electric push rod, the bottom of which a stretchable mask is fixed to a fixing piece, and two stretchable rods and two first springs are fixed between the fixing piece and the connecting piece. As a further solution of the present invention, a second spring is fixed between the fixing piece and the screwed disc, and a connecting cloth is further fixed between the screwed disc and the fixing piece.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the torque assembly includes a rotating shaft that rotates on a connecting piece via bearings, the ends of which are fixed to two rope discs, the cams are fixed to the rotating shaft, and the ends of two torsion springs are connected between both sides of the bearings and the two cams, the torsion springs are fitted outside the rotating shaft.

[0014] A method for using a multi-functional earth column model device, First, the model barrel and the threaded barrel are joined together, and the first threaded head and the threaded barrel are screwed together and assembled. Then, the experimental soil layer is injected into the model barrel and the threaded barrel. After filling the soil layer, the adjustment sleeve is moved downward, and the adjustment sleeve moves downward along with the fixing plate, bringing the push plate closer to the filled soil layer. At this time, the position of the adjustment sleeve is locked via a bolt, and the extension movement of the electric push rod is controlled, and the electric push rod is controlled to move the connecting piece downward, and the connecting piece moves downward along with the torque assembly, and the rope connects to the fixing plate, releasing the rope disc and generating rotation, the rope disc drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the cam Step S1 involves moving and rotating the cam, causing it to push the pulley out of motion, moving the pulley downward with the fixing piece, deforming the fixing piece by moving the first spring, and once the projection surface of the cam separates from the pulley, the first spring returns and moves upward with the fixing piece until the cam pushes the pulley again, the cam, together with the first spring, moves the fixing piece and vibrates up and down, causing the fixing piece to vibrate along with the push plate via the second spring, maintaining the vibration of the push plate, pushing the push plate downward via the electric push rod to propel it, bringing the push plate downward into contact with the soil layer to perform the consolidation work, after the soil is consolidated, deforming the second spring, and controlling the electric push rod by contacting the switch with the threaded disc to stop the operation. After the bottom layer has been compacted, the electric push rod is controlled to retract upward and return to its original position, and the adjustment sleeve is moved upward to increase the distance between the push plate and the model barrel. At this time, the new model barrel is connected to the second threaded head via the first threaded head, completing the assembly of the two model barrels. The soil layer is then injected again, and after the injection is complete, the compaction work is performed. The compaction work is carried out layer by layer accordingly, and step S2 is performed to further lay a gravel layer on the surface of the top layer of soil. Next, based on the height of the lowest model barrel, the slider is adjusted to the position of the lowest model barrel, and the conduit and water source are connected so that the liquid enters the soil layer from below. As the liquid increases, the water level is observed through the water level pipe, and after it reaches the specified height and simulates the groundwater level, the water injection is stopped and the valve is closed. Then, the threaded pipe is removed from the threaded member, the threaded port is removed from the threaded disc, and the threaded pipe and threaded disc are screwed together and assembled. At this time, the water source is connected via the hose, and the three-way valve is controlled to close the connection with the annular head assembly. At this time, when the liquid enters the nozzle member and showers, it simulates rainfall. The moisture content of different soil layers is monitored in real time via sensors assembled inside the model barrel. After the moisture content of each soil layer stabilizes, the simulated rainfall is stopped, the bolt is removed, and the adjustment plate is rotated to separate it from the ferrule. At this time, the sealing layer is removed and sampling is performed through the sampling port in step S3. Finally, the experiment is completed, the model barrels are removed one by one, the soil layer is discarded, the model barrels are placed outside the threaded pipe, the brush is attached inside the model barrel, and the extension of the electric push rod is controlled again, the vibration of the threaded pipe is maintained, the model barrel is cleaned by the vibration of the brush, and the nozzle member is closed by operating the three-way valve, at which time the liquid is ejected through the annular nozzle to clean the inner wall of the model barrel together with the brush, step S4.

[0015] Compared to conventional technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0016] 1. The multi-functional soil column model device and its method of use involve extending an electric push rod to bring the push plate downwards towards the soil layer, and connecting one end of the rope to a fixing plate. This causes the rope disc to release the rope and generate rotation, which drives a cam to rotate. This creates a pushing motion between the cam and the pulley, which, together with the first spring, causes the fixing piece to vibrate reciprocatingly. The fixing piece vibrates reciprocatingly with the threaded disc and push plate via the second spring, pushing the push plate downwards to maintain the vibrating motion. The push plate then contacts the soil layer, maintaining the vibration to perform the consolidation work. This improves the consolidation quality of the soil layer, allowing for better simulation of the roadbed soil layer and improving experimental accuracy. Furthermore, by assembling and using multiple sets of model barrels, experimental data at different heights can be simulated. By adopting assembly, the space occupied by the model barrels can be reduced, achieving the objective of convenient transportation.

[0017] 2. The multi-functional earth column model device and method of use involve removing the model barrel, then removing the threaded port and threaded disc, and assembling the device by screwing the threaded pipe and threaded disc together, controlling the extension movement of the electric push rod, pushing the electric push rod to move the connecting piece downward, moving the rope disc downward, one end of the rope being connected to the fixing plate, the rope disc releasing the rope and rotating, the rope disc driving the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft driving the cam to rotate, and The cam pushes the pulley and moves it downward, the fixing piece moves the first spring and deforms, and when the cam separates from the pulley, the first spring returns to its upward position along with the fixing piece, the cam, in combination with the first spring, moves the fixing piece and vibrates, the threaded disc vibrates along with the threaded pipe, at which point the model barrel is placed over the outside of the threaded pipe and a water source is connected via a hose, and liquid is sprayed from the annular nozzle to clean the inner wall of the model barrel, improving the cleaning effect on the model barrel in conjunction with the vibrating brush.

[0018] 3. The multi-functional earth column model device and its method of use involve removing the bolts, pulling up the adjustment plate to slide the adjustment plate on the support shaft, detaching the support from the frame, and then rotating the adjustment plate to separate it from the ferrule. At this time, the sealing layer can be removed through the ferrule and then sampled through the sampling port. Each model barrel is equipped with a sampling port, which makes the sampling work more convenient.

[0019] 4. Compared to conventional one-dimensional earth column devices / water level fluctuation lysimeters for single water level fluctuations and water level fixing lysimeters for water level fixing, this device can be applied to rainfall infiltration simulations under two conditions: water level fixing and water level fluctuation, has a wide range of applicability, low testing costs, and meets the requirements of different water level fixing tests. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0020] To more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the necessary drawings for the embodiments are briefly described below. Clearly, the drawings in the following description represent only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these without requiring any creative effort. Here, [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-functional earth column model device and method of use described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the multi-functional earth column model device and method of use described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the model assembly and adjustment assembly in the multi-functional earth column model device and method of use described in the embodiment provided by the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment assembly in the multi-functional earth column model device and method of use described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the auxiliary mechanism in the multi-functional earth column model device and method of use described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a schematic structural diagram of the removal of the telescopic assembly and the cleaning assembly in the multi-functional soil column model device and its usage method described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 7] This is a schematic structural diagram of the removal of the threaded disk and the pressurizing assembly in the multi-functional soil column model device and its usage method described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 8] This is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional cross-section of the elastic assembly in the multi-functional soil column model device and its usage method described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the torque assembly in the multi-functional soil column model device and its usage method described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 10] This is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the model barrel in the multi-functional soil column model device and its usage method described in the embodiments provided by the present invention. [Figure 11] This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the sealing layer and the model barrel in the multi-functional soil column model device and its usage method described in the embodiments provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram, 100 is the earth column model mechanism, 101 is the model assembly, 1011 is the threaded barrel, 1012 is the filtration system, 1013 is the ferrule, 1014 is the model barrel, 1015 is the first threaded head, 1016 is the second threaded head, 1017 is the clip, 1018 is the sampling port, 1019 is the sealing layer, 102 is the adjustment assembly, 1021 is the adjustment plate, 1022 is the chute, 1023 is the slider, 1024 is the fixing bolt, 1025 is the adjustment port, 1026 is the frame, 1027 is the support shaft, 103 is the water injection assembly, 1031 is the fixing member, 1032 is the conduit, 1033 is the valve, 104 is the water level pipe, 200 is the auxiliary mechanism, 201 is the telescopic assembly, 2011 is the fixing plate, 2012 is the electric push rod, 2013 is the adjustment sleeve, 2014 is the threaded member, 202 Cleaning assembly, 2021; Threaded pipe, 2022; Brush, 2023; Annular nozzle, 2024; Hose, 2025; Three-way valve, 2026; Nozzle component, 203; Elastic assembly, 2031; Connecting piece, 2032; Telescopic mask, 2033; First spring, 2034; Telescopic rod, 204; Pressurizing assembly, 2041; Threaded port, 2042; Push plate, 205; Threaded disc, 206; Torque assembly, 2061; Rotating shaft, 2062; Torsion spring, 2063; Bearing, 207; Fixing piece, 208; Pulley, 209; Connecting cloth, 210; Second spring, 211; Switch, 212; Rope, 213; Rope disc, 214; Cam. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0022] To make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, with reference to the drawings in the specification.

[0023] Many specific details are described below in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be carried out by employing other methods not described herein and can be similarly popularized by those skilled in the art as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific examples disclosed below.

[0024] Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on schematic diagrams. When detailing embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to general proportions, and the schematic diagrams are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, in actual manufacturing, three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms “one embodiment” or “example” as used herein mean that the invention may include certain features, structures or properties in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrases “in one embodiment” appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor do they represent separate or optional embodiments that are mutually exclusive with the other embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 As shown in Figures 1-11, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-functional earth column model device comprising an earth column model mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism, the earth column model mechanism comprising a model assembly 101 and a water injection assembly 103 communicating with the bottom of the model assembly 101, the model assembly 101 comprising a threaded barrel 1011 and three sets of model barrels 1014, the frame 1026 fixed to the threaded barrel 1011, and inside the threaded barrel 1011, a filter comprising a metal gasket, a second permeable stone, a second filter paper, a first permeable stone and a first filter paper from bottom to top The overflow system 1012 is provided, and the filtration system can perform good filtration work. While conventional filtration using gravel layers and geotextiles has a certain filtration effect, the soil layer is affected by the pushing of the soil, which clogs the existing drainage channels, resulting in poor drainage and affecting the control of a constant water level in the barrel. The threaded barrel 101 is connected to the water level pipe 104, and the water level can be detected through the water level pipe 104, which is convenient for the experimenter to observe the water level in real time. The bottom of the threaded barrel 1011 is connected to the conduit 1032, and the water source is connected through the conduit 1032. This allows for easy water injection experiments, and a second threaded head 1016 and a first threaded head 1015 are fixed to both the upper and lower ends of the model barrel 1014. Two model barrels 1014 can be assembled by screwing the first threaded head 1015 and the second threaded head 1016 together. The lowest first threaded head 1015 is assembled by screwing it to the threaded barrel 1011, and the other first threaded heads 1015 are assembled by screwing them to the second threaded head 1016. A clip 1017 is fixed to the second threaded head 1016. The adjustment plate 1021 is positioned on the clip 1017, and by inverting the adjustment plate 1021 to make it upright, the adjustment plate 1021 is positioned on the clip 1017, thereby restricting its position relative to the second threaded head 1016 and maintaining connection stability. A sampling port 1018 is opened on one side of the model barrel 1014, and a sealing layer 1019 is fitted into the sampling port 1018. By fitting the sealing layer 1019 into the sampling port 1018, it serves as a seal and prevents leakage. By opening the sealing layer 1019,Sampling can be performed through the sampling port 1018, a ferrule 1013 is fixed to one side of the sealing layer 1019, and the adjustment plate 1021 is located on the ferrule 1013. By raising the adjustment plate 1021 upright, it can engage with the ferrule 1013, thereby restricting the position of the sealing layer 1019 and preventing the sealing layer 1019 from flowing out. The threaded barrel 1011 consists of a bottom barrel, multiple adjustment bolts, and multiple threaded seats assembled by screwing into the adjustment bolts. The multiple adjustment bolts are located on the bottom barrel. A threaded seat is mounted below the barrel, and adjustment can be made at the adjustment bolt by rotating it, thereby maintaining the balance of the threaded barrel 1011 and preventing differences in the angle of the simulated rainfall process from affecting the accuracy. Next, a spirit level can be assembled on the threaded barrel 1011 to observe whether the device is in a balanced state. Below the model assembly 101 is a water level pipe 104, and an adjustment assembly 102 is further fixed to the model assembly 101, and the adjustment assembly 102 is mounted on a frame 102 on which an adjustment plate 1021 is provided. Including 6, below the frame 1026, an adjustment opening 1025 is provided through which a support shaft 1027 is installed. The adjustment opening 1025 provides the adjustment plate 1021 with a vertically movable distance, thereby allowing the adjustment plate 1021 to be detached from the frame 1026 and then reversed by the support shaft 1027. The support shaft 1027 is fixed above the frame 1026, and the adjustment plate 1021 is locked to the frame 1026 via bolts, maintaining the stability of the adjustment plate 1021. A chute 1022 is provided in the adjustment plate 1021, and a slider 1023 is located inside the chute 1022. The slider 1023 is connected in a rideable manner and is fixed to the chute 1022 via a fixing bolt 1024, allowing the slider 1023 to be guided through the chute 1022 and to slide smoothly into the chute 1022, thereby adjusting the height of the conduit 1032, and the bolt can be fixed via the fixing bolt 1024, the adjustment assembly 102 is fixed to the water injection assembly 103, the water injection assembly 103 includes a fixing member 1031 which is fixed to the slider 1023, the fixing member 1031 includes,A conduit 1032 on which a valve 1033 is provided is fixed, and liquid transfer operations can be performed through the conduit 1032. The conduit 1032 is made of a flexible material and is tensile, and the opening and closing of the conduit 1032 can be operated via the valve 1033. The auxiliary mechanism 200 includes a telescopic assembly 201 which includes a fixing plate 2011. The lower part of the fixing plate 2011 is fixed to one end of two ropes 212, and an adjustment sleeve 2013 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate 2011. The adjustment sleeve 2013 can slide over the adjustment plate, making the position of the fixing plate 2011 adjustable, thereby making the push plate 2042 adjustable based on the height of the model barrel 1014. The height of the adjustment sleeve 2013 can then be fixed with a bolt, preventing the fixing plate 2011 from sliding downwards. The adjustment plate 1021 is locked via a connection, an electric push rod 2012 is attached to the fixing plate 2011, a threaded member 2014 is fixed to the upper part of the electric push rod 2012, the threaded member 2014 is assembled by screwing it into the threaded pipe 2021, and the fixing can be maintained by assembling the threaded pipe 2021 and the threaded member 2014, preventing it from falling off, one side of the telescopic assembly 201 is fitted into the adjustment assembly 102, the upper part of the telescopic assembly 201 is assembled by screwing it into the cleaning assembly 202, and below the telescopic assembly 201, An elastic assembly 203 including a connecting piece 2031 is fixedly connected, the connecting piece 2031 is fixed to the bottom end of an electric push rod 2012, and the downward movement of the connecting piece 2031 can be controlled via the electric push rod 2012, allowing soil layer consolidation work to be performed by pushing the push plate 2042 downward, an expandable mask 2032 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting piece 2031, and the expandable mask 2032 allows the connecting piece 2031 to perform vibration work smoothly, the expandable mask 2032 is fixed to a fixing piece 207, and between the fixing piece 207 and the threaded disc 205 The second spring 210 is fixed, and the restoring force of the second spring 210 allows the fixing piece 207 to move smoothly and return quickly, thereby enabling vertical vibration of the push plate 2042 in accordance with the cam 214 to perform soil consolidation work. A connecting cloth 209 is further fixed between the threaded disc 205 and the fixing piece 207, and the elasticity of the connecting cloth 209 allows the threaded disc 205 to move and vibrate the push plate 2042 smoothly. Two telescopic rods 2034 and two first springs 2033 are fixed between the fixing piece 207 and the connecting piece 2031.The first spring 2033 can fix the position of the threaded disc 205, restricting its position and preventing it from touching the switch 211 due to transient movement. The torque assembly 206 is fixedly connected to the elastic assembly 203, and the torque assembly 206 includes a rotating shaft 2061, which rotates on the connecting piece 2031 via a bearing 2063, with both ends of the rotating shaft 2061 each connected to two rope discs 213. The two cams 214 are fixed to the rotating shaft 2061, and the ends of two torsion springs 2062 are connected to the ends of both cams 214 and both sides of the bearing 2063, respectively, via an electric push rod 2012 that retracts and loosens the rope 212, at which point the torque of the torsion springs 2062 drives the cams 214 to rotate, which in turn rotates the rotating shaft 2061 and winds up the rope 212 together with the rope disc 213, the torsion springs 2062 are fitted outside the rotating shaft 2061, Rope discs 213 are fixedly connected to both ends of the torque assembly 206, and a rope 212 is wrapped around the outside of the rope discs 213. The rope 212 passes through the elastic assembly 203 and is fixed to the telescopic assembly 201. Two cams 214 are fixedly connected to the torque assembly 206, and the lower ends of the two cams 214 are fitted to two pulleys 208. Identical fixing pieces 207 are fixed to the bottom of the two pulleys 208, and the fixing pieces 207 are fixed to the bottom of the elastic assembly 203. Connected, a switch 211 is mounted on the bottom of the fixing piece 207. After the soil layer is compacted, the push plate 2042 continues to push, thereby enabling the second spring 210 to be pushed out. The threaded disc 205 smoothly contacts the switch 211 in an upward direction, enabling the electric push rod 2012 to be automatically closed. Below the switch 211, the threaded disc 205 is provided and assembled by screwing it into the pressurization assembly 204.

[0027] In this embodiment, the extension of the electric push rod 2012 brings the push plate 2042 downwards towards the soil layer, and one end of the rope 212 is connected to the fixing plate 2011. As a result, the rope disc 213 releases the rope 212 and generates rotation, the rotating shaft 2061 drives the cam 214 to rotate, creating a pushing motion between the cam 214 and the pulley 208. This, together with the first spring 2033, causes the fixing piece 207 to vibrate reciprocatingly, and the fixing piece 207 vibrates reciprocatingly with the threaded disc 205 and the push plate 2042 via the second spring 210. The push plate 2042 is propelled downward so as to maintain a vibrating motion, bringing the push plate 2042 into contact with the soil layer and maintaining the vibration to perform the consolidation work. This improves the consolidation quality of the soil layer, better simulates the roadbed soil layer, improves experimental accuracy, and by assembling and using multiple sets of model barrels 1014, experimental data at different heights can be simulated. By adopting assembly, the space occupied by the model barrels 1014 can be reduced, thus achieving the objective of convenient transportation.

[0028] Example 2 Based on Example 1, and in combination with Figures 6 and 8-9, the following is obtained: The telescopic assembly 201 includes a fixed plate 2011, the lower part of which is fixed to one end of two ropes 212, an adjustment sleeve 2013 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate 2011, the adjustment sleeve 2013 is locked to the adjustment plate 1021 via bolts, an electric push rod 2012 is attached to the fixed plate 2011, and a threaded member 2014 is fixed to the upper part of the electric push rod 2012, which is assembled by screwing it into a threaded pipe 2021. The elastic assembly 203 includes a connecting piece 2031 fixed to the bottom end of the electric push rod 2012, with a retractable mask 2032 fixed to the bottom of the connecting piece 2031, which is fixed to a fixing piece 207, and two retractable rods 2034 and two first springs 2033 fixed between the fixing piece 207 and the connecting piece 2031. The torque assembly 206 includes a rotating shaft 2061 that rotates on a connecting piece 2031 via a bearing 2063, with each end of the rotating shaft 2061 fixed to two rope discs 213, a rope 212 wrapped around the outside of the rope discs 213, two cams 214 fixed to the rotating shaft 2061, and between both sides of the bearing 2063 and the two cams 214, the ends of two torsion springs 2062, which are fitted outside the rotating shaft 2061. The cleaning assembly 202 includes a threaded pipe 2021, to which a nozzle is fixed above the inner wall of the threaded pipe 2021, allowing simulated rainfall to be performed via the nozzle. A brush 2022 is fixed to the outside of the threaded pipe 2021, allowing cleaning work to be performed on the inner wall of the model barrel 1014 via the brush 2022. An annular nozzle 2023 is provided above the brush 2022, fixed to the threaded pipe 2021. The annular nozzle 2023 and nozzle member 2026 communicate with both ends of a three-way valve 2025. The three-way valve 2025 allows connection of the hose 2024, the annular nozzle 2023, and the nozzle member 2026, thereby enabling water supply. The nozzle member 2026 and the annular nozzle 2023 can be switched and closed by operating the three-way valve 2025, allowing for convenient use according to the actual situation. The three-way valve 2025 communicates with the hose 2024.

[0029] In this embodiment, the model barrel 1014 is removed, then the threaded port 2041 and threaded disc 205 are removed, and the threaded pipe 2021 and threaded disc 205 are screwed together and assembled, the extension movement of the electric push rod 2012 is controlled, the electric push rod 2012 pushes so that the connecting piece 2031 moves downward, moving the rope disc 213 downward, one end of the rope 212 is connected to the fixing plate 2011, the rope disc 213 releases the rope 212 and rotates, the rope disc 213 drives the rotating shaft 2061 and rotates the rotating shaft 2061 and the cam 214 and pushes the pulley 208 The fixed piece 207 moves the first spring 2033 and deforms as the cam 214 separates from the pulley 208, the first spring 2033 returns to an upward position along with the fixed piece 207, and the cam 214, in combination with the first spring 2033, moves the fixed piece 207 and vibrates, causing the threaded disc 205 to vibrate along with the threaded pipe 2021. At this time, the model barrel 1014 is placed over the outside of the threaded pipe 2021, and a water source is connected via the hose 2024, and liquid is sprayed from the annular nozzle 2023 to clean the inner wall of the model barrel 1014, improving the cleaning effect on the model barrel 1014 in conjunction with the vibrating brush 2022.

[0030] A method for using a multi-functional earth column model device, First, the model barrel 1014 and the threaded barrel 1011 are joined together, and the first threaded head 1015 and the threaded barrel 1011 are screwed together and assembled. Then, the experimental soil layer is injected into the model barrel 1014 and the threaded barrel 1011. After filling the soil layer, the adjustment sleeve 2013 is moved downward, and the adjustment sleeve 2013 moves downward along with the fixing plate 2011, bringing the push plate 2042 closer to the filled soil layer. At this time, the adjustment sleeve is connected via a bolt. The position of the b 2013 is locked, and the extension movement of the electric push rod 2012 is controlled so that the electric push rod 2012 moves downward, the connecting piece 2031 moves downward with the torque assembly 206, the rope 212 connects to the fixing plate 2011, the rope disc 213 releases the rope 212 and generates rotation, the rope disc 213 drives the rotating shaft 2061 to rotate, the rotating shaft 2061 moves with the cam 214 The cam 214 is driven to rotate, causing the pulley 208 to move, the pulley 208 to move downward along with the fixing piece 207, the fixing piece 207 moves and deforms the first spring 2033, and when the projection surface of the cam 214 separates from the pulley 208, the first spring 2033 returns and moves upward along with the fixing piece 207 until the cam 214 pushes the pulley 208 again, and the cam 214, together with the first spring 2033, moves the fixing piece 207 and vibrates up and down. Step S1 involves causing the fixing piece 207 to vibrate, causing the push plate 2042 to vibrate via the second spring 210, maintaining the vibration of the push plate 2042, pushing the push plate 2042 downward via the electric push rod 2012 to propel it, bringing the push plate 2042 into contact with the soil layer downwards to perform the consolidation work, and after the soil is consolidated, deforming the second spring 210, bringing the switch 211 into contact with the threaded disc 205, and controlling the electric push rod 2012 to stop operation. After the bottom layer has been compacted, the electric push rod 2012 is controlled to retract upward and return to its original position, and the adjustment sleeve 2013 is moved upward to increase the distance between the push plate 2042 and the model barrel 1014. At this time, the new model barrel 1014 is screwed into the second threaded head 1016 via the first threaded head 1015, completing the assembly of the two model barrels 1014. The soil layer is then injected again, and after the injection is complete, the compaction work is performed. The compaction work is carried out layer by layer accordingly, and step S2 is performed to further lay a gravel layer on the surface of the top layer of soil. Next, based on the height of the lowest model barrel 1014, the slider 1023 is adjusted to the position of the lowest model barrel 1014, and the conduit 1032 is connected to the water source so that the liquid enters the soil layer from below. As the liquid increases, the water level is observed through the water level pipe 104, and after it reaches the specified height and simulates the groundwater level, the water injection is stopped and the valve 1033 is closed. Then, the threaded pipe 2021 is removed from the threaded member 2014, the threaded port 2041 is removed from the threaded disc 205, and the threaded pipe 2021 and threaded disc 205 are screwed together and assembled. Then, in step S3, a water source is connected via hose 2024, and the connection to the annular head assembly 2023 is closed by controlling the three-way valve 2025. At this time, when liquid enters the nozzle member 2026 and showers, simulated rainfall occurs. Sensors assembled inside the model barrel 1014 monitor the moisture content of different soil layers in real time. After the moisture content of each soil layer stabilizes, the simulated rainfall is stopped, the bolts are removed, and the adjustment plate 1021 is rotated to separate it from the ferrule 1013. At this time, the sealing layer 1019 is removed, and sampling is performed through the sampling port 1018. Finally, the experiment is completed, the model barrels 1014 are removed one by one, the soil layer is discarded, the model barrels 1014 are placed outside the threaded pipe 2021, the brush 2022 is attached inside the model barrels 1014, and the extension of the electric push rod 2012 is controlled again, the vibration of the threaded pipe 2021 is maintained, the model barrels 1014 are cleaned by the vibrating of the brush 2022, and the nozzle member 2026 is closed by operating the three-way valve 2025, at which point the liquid is ejected through the annular nozzle 2023 to clean the inner wall of the model barrels 1014 together with the brush 2022, which is part of step S4.

[0031] In the above groundwater level simulation experiment, whether or not to close valve 1033 after water injection is complete must be operated according to the actual situation. In the case of a test that does not consider a constant groundwater level, valve 1033 can be closed as in the conventional soil column test, and the groundwater level in the model barrel 1014 will gradually rise according to the rainfall simulation. However, when considering a constant water level (groundwater level does not change), the original conduit 1032 becomes a drainage device, and the highest groundwater level in the model barrel 1014 is involved in adjusting the height of conduit 1032. If the water level in the model barrel 1014 is higher than that of conduit 1032, water is discharged, thereby ensuring that the groundwater level in the model barrel 1014 remains constant.

[0032] It is important to note that the structures and arrangements of the present invention shown in several different exemplary embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those referring to this disclosure should readily understand that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the novel teachings and merits of the subject matter described herein (e.g., changes in the dimensions, scale, structure, shape and proportions of each element, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangement, material use, color, orientation, etc.). For example, an element illustrated as integrally molded may consist of multiple parts or elements, the positions of the elements may be reversed or otherwise modified, and the properties, number or position of individual elements may be modified or changed. All such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. Any “apparatus plus function” clause in the claims is also intended to override and represent not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structures that perform the aforementioned functions as described herein. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to any particular embodiment and is still extended to various modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, it is not necessary to describe all features of actual embodiments (i.e., features that are not relevant to the optimal mode currently considered for carrying out the invention, or features that are not relevant to realizing the invention).

[0034] It should be understood that in the development process of any actual embodiment, for example, in any process or design project, many specific embodiments will be determined. While such development efforts can be complex and time-consuming, for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, such development efforts will be routine tasks of design, manufacturing, and production, without the need for excessive experimentation.

[0035] The above embodiments are not limiting but are used solely to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify or substitute equivalent solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and such modifications should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional earth pillar model device, A soil column model mechanism including a model assembly (101) and a water injection assembly (103) communicating with the bottom of the model assembly (101), Includes an auxiliary mechanism (200) including a telescopic assembly (201), A water level pipe (104) is provided below the model assembly (101), and a water injection assembly (103) and a fixed adjustment assembly (102) are further fixed to the model assembly (101), one side of the telescopic assembly (201) is fitted into the adjustment assembly (102), a cleaning assembly (202) is screwed onto the upper part of the telescopic assembly (201), an elastic assembly (203) is fixedly connected below the telescopic assembly (201), a torque assembly (206) is fixedly connected to the elastic assembly (203) with rope discs (213) fixedly connected to both ends, and a rope ( A rope (212) is wrapped around the elastic assembly (203) and is fixed to the telescopic assembly (201), two cams (214) are fixedly connected to the torque assembly (206), the lower ends of the two cams (214) are fitted to two pulleys (208), the bottoms of the two pulleys (208) are fixed to the same fixing piece (207), the fixing piece (207) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic assembly (203), a switch (211) is attached to the bottom of the fixing piece (207), a threaded disc (205) is provided below the switch (211), and the pressurizing assembly (204) is screwed onto the threaded disc (205) and assembled. The adjustment assembly (102) includes a frame (1026) on which an adjustment plate (1021) is provided, and an adjustment opening (1025) is provided below the frame (1026) on which a support shaft (1027) is provided, the support shaft (1027) is fixed above the frame (1026), and the adjustment plate (1021) is locked to the frame (1026) via bolts. A chute (1022) is provided in the adjustment plate (1021), and a slider (1023) is slidably connected to the chute (1022) via a fixing bolt (1024). The model assembly (101) includes a threaded barrel (1011) and three sets of model barrels (1014), the frame (1026) is fixed to the threaded barrel (1011), and inside the threaded barrel (1011) is a filtration system (1012) consisting of a metal gasket, a second permeable stone, a second filter paper, a first permeable stone and a first filter paper from bottom to top, the threaded barrel (1011) is in communication with a water level pipe (104), and the bottom of the threaded barrel (1011) is in communication with a conduit (1032), A second threaded head (1016) and a first threaded head (1015) are fixed to both the upper and lower ends of the model barrel (1014), the lowermost first threaded head (1015) is assembled by screwing it into the threaded barrel (1011), the other first threaded heads (1015) are assembled by screwing them into the second threaded heads (1016), a buckle (1017) is fixed to the second threaded head (1016), and the adjustment plate (1021) is located inside the buckle (1017). A sampling port (1018) into which a sealing layer (1019) is fitted is provided on one side of the model barrel (1014), a ferrule (1013) is fixed to one side of the sealing layer, and the adjustment plate (1021) is located inside the ferrule (1013). The threaded barrel (1011) consists of a bottom barrel, a plurality of adjustment bolts, and a plurality of threaded seats assembled by screwing into the adjustment bolts, the plurality of adjustment bolts being mounted below the bottom barrel, The telescopic assembly (201) includes a fixed plate (2011), the lower part of which is fixed to one end of two ropes (212), an adjustment sleeve (2013) fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate (2011), the adjustment sleeve (2013) being locked to an adjustment plate (1021) via a bolt, an electric push rod (2012) being attached to the fixed plate (2011), and a threaded member (2014) being fixed to the upper part of the electric push rod (2012) to be assembled by screwing it into a threaded pipe (2021). The elastic assembly (203) includes a connecting piece (2031) fixed to the bottom end of the electric push rod (2012), the bottom of which a retractable mask (2032) is fixed to a fixing piece (207), and between the fixing piece (207) and the connecting piece (2031) are two retractable rods (2034) and two first springs (2033). A multifunctional earth column model device characterized in that the torque assembly (206) includes a rotating shaft (2061) that rotates on a connecting piece (2031) via a bearing (2063), both ends of the rotating shaft (2061) are fixed to two rope discs (213), two cams (214) are fixed to the rotating shaft (2061), both sides of the bearing (2063) and the two cams (214) are connected to both ends of two torsion springs (2062), the torsion springs (2062) are fitted outside the rotating shaft (2061).

2. The multi-functional earth column model device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water injection assembly (103) includes a fixing member (1031) fixed to a slider (1023), and a conduit (1032) on which a valve (1033) is provided is fixed to the fixing member (1031).

3. The cleaning assembly (202) includes a threaded pipe (2021), a nozzle fixed above the inner wall of the threaded pipe (2021), a brush (2022) fixed outside the threaded pipe (2021), an annular nozzle (2023) fixed to the threaded pipe (2021) provided above the brush (2022), the annular nozzle (2023) and a nozzle member (2026) communicate with both ends of a three-way valve (2025), and the three-way valve (2025) communicates with a hose (2024), characterized in that the multifunctional earth column model device according to claim 2.

4. The multifunctional earth column model device according to claim 3, characterized in that a second spring (210) is fixed between the fixing piece (207) and the threaded disc (205), and a connecting cloth (209) is further fixed between the threaded disc (205) and the fixing piece (207).

5. A method for using the multi-functional earth pillar model device described in claim 4, First, the model barrel (1014) and the threaded barrel (1011) are joined together, and the first threaded head (1015) and the threaded barrel (1011) are screwed together and assembled. Then, the experimental soil layer is injected into the model barrel (1014) and the threaded barrel (1011). After filling the soil layer, the adjustment sleeve (2013) is moved downward, and the adjustment sleeve (2013) moves downward together with the fixing plate (2011), bringing the push plate (2042) closer to the filled soil layer downwards. At this time, the adjustment sleeve (201) is connected via a bolt. 3) The position is locked, and the extension movement of the electric push rod (2012) is controlled so that the electric push rod (2012) moves downward, the connecting piece (2031) moves downward with the torque assembly (206), the rope (212) connects to the fixing plate (2011), the rope disc (213) releases the rope (212) and generates rotation, the rope disc (213) drives the rotating shaft (2061) to rotate, the rotating shaft (2061) drives the cam (214) As it rotates, the cam (214) pushes out the pulley (208), causing the pulley (208) to move downward along with the fixing piece (207), which moves the fixing piece (207) and deforms it. When the projection surface of the cam (214) separates from the pulley (208), the first spring (2033) returns to its original position and moves upward along with the fixing piece (207) until the cam (214) pushes out the pulley (208) again. The cam (214), in combination with the first spring (2033), moves the fixing piece (207) up and down. Step S1 involves re-vibrating the fixing piece (207) to vibrate the push plate (2042) via the second spring (210), maintaining the vibration of the push plate (2042), pushing the push plate (2042) downward via the electric push rod (2012) to propel it, bringing the push plate (2042) into contact with the soil layer downwards to perform the consolidation work, and after the soil is consolidated, deforming the second spring (210) and bringing the switch (211) into contact with the threaded disc (205) to control the electric push rod (2012) and stop the operation. After the bottom layer has been compacted, the electric push rod (2012) is controlled to retract upward and return to its original position, and the adjustment sleeve (2013) is moved upward to increase the distance between the push plate (2042) and the model barrel (1014). At this time, the new model barrel (1014) is connected to the second threaded head (1016) via the first threaded head (1015), completing the assembly of the two model barrels (1014). The soil layer is then injected again, and after the injection is complete, the compaction work is performed. The compaction work is carried out layer by layer accordingly, and step S2 is performed to further lay a gravel layer on the surface of the top layer of soil. Next, based on the height of the lowest model barrel (1014), the slider (1023) is adjusted to the position of the lowest model barrel (1014), and the conduit (1032) is connected to the water source so that the liquid enters the soil layer from below. As the liquid increases, the water level is observed through the water level pipe (104), and after it reaches the specified height and simulates the groundwater level, the water injection is stopped and the valve (1033) is closed. Then, the threaded pipe (2021) is removed from the threaded member (2014), the threaded port (2041) is removed from the threaded disc (205), and then the threaded pipe (2021) and threaded disc (205) are screwed together. Step S3 involves assembling the components, connecting the water source via the hose (2024), controlling the three-way valve (2025) to close the connection with the annular head assembly (2023), allowing the liquid to enter the nozzle member (2026) and perform a shower, simulating rainfall, monitoring the moisture content of different soil layers in real time via sensors assembled inside the model barrel (1014), stopping the simulated rainfall after the moisture content of each soil layer has stabilized, removing the bolts, rotating the adjustment plate (1021) to separate it from the ferrule (1013), removing the sealing layer (1019), and sampling through the sampling port (1018). A method for using a multifunctional soil column model device, characterized by including step S4, which is the final step after the experiment is completed, removing the model barrels (1014) one by one, discarding the soil layer, placing the model barrels (1014) outside the threaded pipe (2021), attaching the brush (2022) inside the model barrel (1014), and again controlling the extension of the electric push rod (2012) to maintain the vibration of the threaded pipe (2021), cleaning the model barrel (1014) with the vibrating brush (2022), and closing the nozzle member (2026) by operating the three-way valve (2025), at which time the liquid is ejected through the annular nozzle (2023) to clean the inner wall of the model barrel (1014) and clean it together with the brush (2022).

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