Energy storage system and method using a dissimilar pressure medium interaction module

Abstract

The energy storage system includes at least one dissimilar pressure medium interaction module ("module"), a liquid source, a pump, a converter, a first pipeline, and a second pipeline. The module includes a first container for storing an initial gas and a second container for storing an initial liquid. The liquid source stores a working liquid. The pump regulates and flows the working liquid from the liquid source into the module. The initial liquid is driven by the working liquid to continuously compress the initial gas, the first container stores the first pressure energy, the initial gas continuously expands to drive the initial liquid, and converts the first pressure energy into a second pressure energy. The second pressure energy through the first pipe drives the converter to generate electrical energy, and the working liquid after driving the converter is returned to the liquid source through the second pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of green (renewable) energy power generation. More specifically, the present invention relates to an energy storage system and method using a heterogeneous pressure media and interactive actuation module.

Background Art

[0002] Due to the recent demand for electrical energy, scientists have developed power generation methods that generate electricity by combustion, nuclear conversion, nuclear fusion, sunlight, hydropower, wind power, etc.

[0003] Conventionally, coal and nuclear power have been used for power generation, but the reactants used in carbon dioxide and nuclear reactions have become environmental problems.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides an energy storage system and method using a heterogeneous pressure media and interactive actuation module.

[0005] In some embodiments, energy storage (e.g., a heterogeneous pressure media and interactive actuation module) is provided. The energy storage includes a first container that houses an initial gas and a second container that houses an initial liquid. When additional pressure (e.g., pressure by pumping a fluid such as water (e.g., a working liquid)) is applied to the initial liquid, thereby pressurizing the initial gas, the pressurized gas functions as an energy storage medium. The process of pressurizing the gas and the process of releasing the pressure perform the functions of storing and releasing energy.

[0006] In one embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module, the output pressure is determined using a single module or a combination of multiple single modules.

[0007] In one embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module, a first operating mode is performed for storing a first pressure energy, and a second operating mode is performed for converting the first pressure energy into a second pressure energy.

[0008] One embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module includes a hole cover and a repair pipe for a repairer to repair the first and second containers.

[0009] One embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module includes a pressure sensor for sensing pressure.

[0010] One embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module includes at least one pump for adjusting the fluid flow rate.

[0011] In one embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module, a valve body having an open mode and a closed mode is included, thereby enabling switching between the open mode and the closed mode, a first operating mode or a second operating mode.

[0012] In one embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module, a controller is included that operates a valve to control the initial gas to a predetermined pressure, and when the initial gas reaches the predetermined pressure, the compression of the initial gas stops.

[0013] One embodiment based on the aforementioned heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module includes a controller that controls a valve body and receives sensing signals from a pressure sensor, thereby realizing a first operating mode and a second operating mode. The controller is configured to automatically switch between operating modes.

[0014] One embodiment includes a heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system, which connects a plurality of heterogeneous pressure medium interaction modules, a liquid source, and a converter via a first pipe and a second pipe, thereby storing energy using an initial gas pressurized by the inflow of a working fluid. In the process of releasing the stored energy, the pressurized initial gas is released, which pushes the initial liquid and causes the working fluid to be discharged from a second container. The working fluid drives a generator to produce electricity.

[0015] One embodiment includes a differential pressure medium (e.g., fluids of different types or densities) and an interactive energy storage method capable of repeatedly storing and releasing energy using differential pressure energy.

[0016] To achieve the functions and objectives of the embodiments described above or other objectives, the present disclosure provides a heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module capable of performing a first operating mode and a second operating mode. When the first operating mode is performed, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module receives a working fluid. When the second operating mode is performed, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module is connected to a transducer and pushes the working fluid into the transducer. The heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module includes a first vessel and a second vessel. The first vessel forms a first space for storing an initial gas. The second vessel is located on one side of the first vessel. The second vessel is connected to the first vessel. Furthermore, the second vessel forms a second space for storing an initial liquid. When the first operating mode is performed, the working liquid is injected into the second space, and the working liquid drives the initial liquid to flow toward the first space, and thereafter the initial gas is continuously compressed in the first space until the initial gas reaches a predetermined pressure, thereby storing a first pressure energy in the first vessel. When the second operating mode is executed, the pressurized initial gas expands continuously, driving the initial liquid to be discharged into the second container, which in turn pushes the working fluid out of the second container, driving the transducer to generate electricity.

[0017] To achieve the functions and objectives of the embodiments described above or other objectives, the present disclosure provides a heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system. The heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system includes a plurality of heterogeneous pressure medium interaction modules, a liquid source, a pump, a transducer, a first pipe, and a second pipe. Each of the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction modules further includes a first container and a second container. The first container forms a first space for storing initial gas. The second container is located on one side of the first container. The second container is connected to the first container. The second container forms a second space for storing initial liquid. A liquid source (e.g., a reservoir or tank) stores the working liquid. A pump is located between the liquid source and the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module. The pump regulates the working liquid from the liquid source and flows it into the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module. A transducer receives and discharges the working fluid. The first pipe forms a third space. The first pipe has a plurality of connection ports, a first connection point, and a third connection point. Each connection port connects to each second space and each third space. The first connection point and the third connection point each connect to the third space. The first connection point and the third connection point are formed at both ends of the first pipe. The first connection point is connected to the first end of the liquid source, and the third connection point is connected to the first end of the converter. The second pipe forms a fourth space. The first end of the second pipe is connected to the second end of the converter, and the second end of the second pipe is connected to the second end of the liquid source. When the first operating mode is performed, the pump injects the working liquid from the liquid source through the first pipe into the second space, and this working liquid drives the initial liquid to flow toward / into the first space, thereby continuously compressing the initial gas in the first space until it reaches a predetermined pressure, thereby storing first pressure energy in the first container. When the second operating mode is performed, the initial gas expands continuously, driving the initial liquid to be discharged into the first pipe, converting the first pressure energy into second pressure energy. The initial liquid / working liquid then drives a converter through the first pipe to generate electrical energy.At the end of the storage-release cycle, the working fluid, after driving the converter, returns to the liquid source through a second pipe (e.g., release mode), and then the pump reinjects the working fluid from the liquid source into the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module (e.g., energy storage mode).

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned or other objectives, an energy storage method using the interaction of different pressure media provided in this disclosure comprises: (a) supplying an initial gas into a first container; (b) supplying an initial liquid into a second container; (c) supplying a working liquid into the second container to drive the initial liquid to compress the initial gas and store a first pressure energy; (d) releasing the first pressure energy to drive the initial liquid to act on the working fluid and output a second pressure energy; and (e) repeatedly performing steps (c) to (d) to store and output energy by switching between the first and second pressure energy.

[0019] Unlike conventional electrical energy generation systems, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module and heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system of this disclosure may be closed-circulation systems. This disclosure uses an initial gas and an initial liquid as a medium for generating pressure energy, and generates electrical energy by driving a converter (or similar device) through the storage and release of pressure energy. Furthermore, losses that may occur during the conversion process (such as heat loss) can be quickly compensated by simply adding / replenishing the initial gas or liquid. This disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0020] (a) Availability of raw materials: The initial gas, initial liquid, and working fluid used in this disclosure are naturally occurring substances such as water and ambient air, and are readily available.

[0021] (b) Flexibility of electric energy planning: This disclosure provides a modular design based on which micro, small, medium, and large power plants can be constructed according to actual electrical energy requirements, and for example, electrical energy in the range of kilowatts (kW) to gigawatts (GW) (and above) can be provided.

[0022] (c) Efficient use of space: The energy storage system of this disclosure can be installed underground or under a building, thus not occupying the original usable space and reducing the impact on the external environment.

[0023] (d) Safe generation of electric energy: The energy storage system of this disclosure does not use dangerous substances and can be installed in residential houses, schools, cities, public facilities, and other places.

[0024] (e) Low maintenance costs: This disclosure uses substances that can be easily obtained from the environment such as water, ambient air, and other substances. Therefore, when efficiency decreases, instead of purchasing natural gas, coal, nuclear conversion substances, etc., it is only necessary to add / supplement at least one of the initial gas, initial liquid, and working fluid to recover the original energy storage and release efficiency.

[0025] (f) Automatic control system: This disclosure provides a controller that uses control valves to switch between a first operating mode and a second operating mode and operates and controls the movement of the initial gas, initial liquid, and working liquid.

[0026] (g) Compatibility with the power grid: This disclosure drives a converter to generate electrical energy (or electric power) by energy (such as pressure energy, hydraulic energy, etc.), and this electrical energy can be directly transmitted / transferred to an existing power grid system and used as the main power source or backup power of the power grid system.

[0027] (h) Storage and conversion of residual power: The present disclosure stores residual / unused power or backup power for emergency auxiliary use, which are collectively referred to as residual power herein. The present disclosure uses residual power to drive a pump, converts residual power into pressure energy by a heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module, and achieves the effect of storing residual power. The present disclosure can instantaneously convert pressure energy into electrical energy at any time to supplement the insufficient power according to the increase in power demand.

[0028] Other embodiments, aspects, features and advantages will become apparent from the whole of the present disclosure.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0029] [Figure 1] It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of energy storage in some embodiments.

[0030] [Figure 2A] It is a schematic diagram showing the operation of energy storage executing the first operation mode of FIG. 1 in some embodiments.

[0031] [Figure 2B] It is a schematic diagram showing the operation of energy storage executing the second operation mode of FIG. 1 in some embodiments.

[0032] [Figure 3] It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage device in some embodiments.

[0033] [Figure 4A] It is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the energy storage device of FIG. 3 in some embodiments.

[0034] [Figure 4B] It is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the energy storage device executing the second operation mode of FIG. 3 in some embodiments.

[0035] [Figure 5] This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage device in several embodiments.

[0036] [Figure 6] This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system in several embodiments.

[0037] [Figure 7] This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system in several embodiments.

[0038] [Figure 8] This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system in several embodiments.

[0039] [Figure 9] This is a schematic flowchart of a method for an energy storage device using the interaction of different pressure media in several embodiments.

[0040] [Figure 10] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the energy storage system shown in Figure 7 to a power network in several embodiments. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0041] Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments In order to fully clarify the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description is as follows.

[0042] In this specification, the indefinite article (a or an) is used to describe the units, elements, and parts described herein. This is merely for explanatory convenience and to give a general meaning to the scope of the invention. Therefore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, this expression should be understood to include "one" or "at least one," and singular expressions should be understood to also include plural forms.

[0043] In this specification, “include,” “comprise,” “have,” or other similar terms imply non-exclusive inclusion. For example, an element, structure, product, or apparatus that includes multiple features may include features that are not explicitly listed but are generally inherent in such elements, structures, products, or apparatus, and are not limited to the requirements listed herein. In addition, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term “or” refers to an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.”

[0044] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the energy storage 10 in several embodiments. In Figure 1, the energy storage 10 includes a heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module that performs a first operating mode M1 and a second operating mode M2. Figure 2A is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the energy storage 10 performing the first operating mode M1, and Figure 2B is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the energy storage 10 performing the second operating mode M2.

[0045] When the first operating mode M1 is executed, the energy storage 10 receives the working fluid WL. When the second operating mode M2 ​​is executed, the energy storage 10 pushes the working fluid WL to a converter (such as the converter 4 shown in Figure 4B) connected to the energy storage 10. The converter may be a liquid pump, turbopump, liquid generator, liquid turbine generator, or hydraulic turbine generator. In one embodiment, the first operating mode M1 and the second operating mode M2 ​​are operated at different times. For example, the first operating mode M1 is executed during off-peak power consumption periods, and the second operating mode M2 ​​is executed during peak power consumption periods. However, in some embodiments, for example, if there are multiple energy storages, the multiple energy storages may operate in different modes. For example, the first energy storage may execute the first operating mode M1, and the second energy storage may execute the second operating mode M2. In this way, the first operating mode M1 and the second operating mode M2 ​​can be executed simultaneously.

[0046] As shown in Figure 2A, when the first operating mode M1 is executed, the working fluid WL is injected into the energy storage 10. The working fluid WL may be supplied from a liquid source. For example, the liquid source may be a water tank, reservoir, water tower, etc., which can function as a device or apparatus for storing the working fluid WL. The arrows shown in Figure 2A represent the flow path of the working fluid WL during the first operating mode M1.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2B, when the second operating mode M2 ​​is executed, the working fluid WL is discharged from the energy storage 10. In this way, the working fluid WL is discharged to the converter, which can then be driven to generate electricity. The arrows shown in Figure 2B represent the flow path of the working fluid WL during the second operating mode M2.

[0048] In some embodiments, the working fluid WL may be water. However, other fluids or liquids, such as organic solvents, inorganic solvents, molten salts, fluid ion salts, supercritical fluids, and various gases or other fluid substances or pressure generating substances and mechanisms, are also included in the scope of this disclosure.

[0049] Returning to Figure 1 and continuing the explanation, the energy storage 10 includes a first container 12 and a second container 14. As shown in the figure, in one embodiment, the energy storage 10 includes a first container and a second container with a one-to-one correspondence. Here, the first container 12 and the second container 14 are referred to as containers, but such terminology is not limited to a specific shape, and containers can have any shape as long as they can be used to contain liquids, gases, or solids and can withstand the pressure generated therein. Furthermore, the material and thickness of the first container 12 and the second container 14 may also affect / determine the applicable pressure, liquid, gas, or solid. The material may be, for example, stainless steel, iron, etc. Furthermore, the energy storage 10 may be installed underground or enclosed with other materials (cement, concrete, etc.). For example, enclosing the first container 12 and the second container 14 with cement can increase the pressure resistance of the first container 12 and the second container 14. In other words, encapsulating the container in cement or concrete can relax the requirements regarding the thickness / material of the container walls themselves. Similarly, the underground systems of this disclosure can also relax the requirements regarding the thickness / material of the container walls.

[0050] The first container 12 forms a first space SP1 for storing the initial gas IG. In Figure 1, the first container 12 is shown as a cylindrical tank body as an example. However, the first container 12 may be a polygonal tank body, a honeycomb-shaped tank body, or a tank body of another shape.

[0051] In some embodiments, the initial gas IG includes air, other fluids or gases, such as hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, or a gas mixture (e.g., 20% hydrogen and 80% helium), and the scope of the embodiments also includes substances and mechanisms capable of generating various gases or other fluid substances or pressures. Furthermore, the initial gas IG may be converted from other states of matter. For example, the gaseous state may be a change from a solid or liquid state. Such a change may be caused, for example, by a change in temperature, pressure, etc. In some embodiments, the initial gas IG may not only remain in the first space SP1 but may also enter the second space SP2. Furthermore, the initial gas IG may not fill the entire first space SP1. In some embodiments, in addition to filling the entire first space SP1, the initial gas IG may fill only a portion of the first space SP1.

[0052] The second container 14 is positioned on one side of the first container 12. For example, in Figure 1, the second container 14 is positioned below the first container 12. In other embodiments, the second container 14 may be positioned on either side of the first container 12, i.e., it is not limited to being positioned below the first container 12. The second container 14 forms a second space SP2 for storing the initial liquid IL. When the second container 14 is connected to the first container 12, the second space SP2 communicates with the first space SP1. In Figure 1, the second container 14 is also illustrated as a cylindrical tank body, and the description of the second container 14 is the same as the description of the first container 12; therefore, in order to keep the explanation concise and clear, the same description will not be repeated here. The shape of the second container 14 may be the same as or different from the shape of the first container 12. In some embodiments, the initial liquid IL may not only remain in the second space SP2 but also enter the first space SP1. Furthermore, in addition to filling the entire second space SP2, the initial liquid IL may fill only a portion of the second space SP2.

[0053] In some embodiments, the initial liquid IL may be water. Other fluids or liquids are also within the scope of embodiments of the present invention, such as organic solvents, inorganic solvents, molten salts, fluid ion salts, supercritical fluids, and various gases or other fluid substances or pressure generating substances and mechanisms. Furthermore, the material used for the initial liquid IL may be the same as or different from the material of the working liquid WL. Moreover, the initial liquid IL may be a transformed material from another material state, for example, a transformed liquid from a solid or gaseous state. Such a transformation may be caused, for example, by changes in temperature, pressure, etc.

[0054] For example, as shown in Figures 4A and 4B, when the first operating mode M1 is executed, the working fluid WL is continuously injected into the second space SP2 (as shown in Figure 4A). The injected working fluid WL gradually increases the volume in the second space SP2, thereby gradually increasing the space occupied in the second space SP2. This drives the initial liquid IL in the first space SP1 until the initial gas IG reaches a predetermined pressure, continuously compressing the initial gas IG in the first space SP1, causing the first container 12 to reach a first pressure energy FPE (shown in Figure 3), and storing the first pressure energy FPE in the first container 12. The expansion of the initial liquid IL shortens the intermolecular distance of the initial gas IG, so the initial gas IG is compressed and the energy storage effect is obtained. The predetermined pressure value can be from several kilopascals to several megapascals. For example, the predetermined pressure value is 4 megapascals (MPa) (or N / m³). 2 The pressure may be in the range of ) to 12 MPa. As long as thrust from the initial liquid IL continues to be generated, the initial gas IG will continue to be compressed until pressure equilibrium causes the initial liquid IL to no longer push on the initial gas IG or until the initial gas IG can no longer be compressed. When the pressure equilibrium is reached, the initial gas IG can no longer be compressed. Furthermore, by adjusting the initial liquid IL to push on the initial gas IG, the pressure of the initial gas IG can be brought to or maintained at a predetermined pressure, thereby determining the amount of the first pressure energy FPE.

[0055] When the second operating mode M2 ​​is executed, the working fluid WL is discharged from the second space SP2 in the opposite direction (as shown in Figure 4B). At this time, due to the pressure release effect caused by the continuous expansion of the compressed initial gas IG, the initial fluid IL is pushed by the first pressure energy FPE, pushing the working fluid WL in a direction toward, for example, the transducer 4. In other words, the initial gas IG drives the discharge of the initial liquid IL, converting the first pressure energy FPE into the second pressure energy SPE to drive the transducer 4. Briefly, the transducer 4 is actuated by the second pressure energy SPE and generates electrical energy E (or power).

[0056] In one embodiment, the energy storage 10 can generate power ranging from 30 kW to 300 kW by acting on a pressure maintained at several MPa to tens of MPa. For example, one energy storage device generates approximately 300 kW. If 2,500 energy storage devices are used in one system, approximately 750,000 kW of power generation is possible.

[0057] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the energy storage 10' in several embodiments. In Figure 3, in addition to the first container 12 and the second container 14 described above, the energy storage 10' further includes a first tube 16 and a second tube 18. The arrangement of the first tube 16 and the second tube 18 makes the arrangement of the first container 12 and the second container 14 more flexible.

[0058] The descriptions of the first container 12 and the second container 14 are as stated above, and for the sake of brevity and clarity, they will not be repeated here.

[0059] In Figure 3, the first pipe 16 includes a first end 162 and a third end 164. The first end 162 is connected to the first container 12, and the third end 164 is connected to the second container 14, thereby connecting the first pipe 16 to the first space SP1 and the second space SP2.

[0060] The second tube 18 includes a second end 182 and a fourth end 184. The second end 182 is connected to the second container 14, and the fourth end 184 can be connected to the converter 4 (as shown in Figure 4B) and the liquid source 2 (as shown in Figure 4A). In one embodiment, the diameter of the second tube 18 is greater than the diameter of the first tube 16. In another embodiment, the diameter of the second tube 18 may be less than or equal to the diameter of the first tube 16. If the diameter of the second tube 18 is greater than the diameter of the first tube 16, the initial liquid IL accelerates the compression of the initial gas IG through the first tube 16.

[0061] The descriptions of the energy storage 10' performing the first operating mode M1 and the second operating mode M2 ​​are as described above, and for the sake of brevity and clarity, they will not be repeated here. Figure 4A is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the energy storage 10' performing the first operating mode M1. Figure 4B is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the energy storage 10' performing the second operating mode M2.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first operating mode M1 and the second operating mode M2 ​​can be adjusted as follows, based on the technical features of the first pipe 16 and the second pipe 18 shown in Figures 4A and 4B.

[0063] In the first operating mode M1, the working liquid WL is continuously injected from the liquid source 2 into the second space SP2 via the second tube 18. The working liquid WL drives the initial liquid IL via the first tube 16 to continuously compress the initial gas IG in the first space SP1 until the initial gas IG in the space SP1 reaches a predetermined pressure, thereby causing the first container 12 to store the first pressure energy FPE. The initial liquid IL reduces the intermolecular distance of the initial gas IG, so the initial gas IG is compressed and energy is stored.

[0064] In the second operating mode M2, the working fluid WL is no longer continuously injected into the second space SP2 through the second pipe 18, but is discharged in the reverse direction from the second pipe 18. At this time, the compressed initial gas IG expands continuously, pushing the initial liquid IL by the first pressure energy FPE, and pushing the working fluid WL toward the transducer 4. In this way, the initial gas IG moves the initial liquid IL toward the fourth end 184 of the second pipe 18 and discharges it from the fourth end 184 of the second pipe 18, thereby converting the first pressure energy FPE into the second pressure energy SPE and driving the transducer 4. The transducer 4, driven by the second pressure energy SPE, generates electrical energy E (e.g., electricity).

[0065] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the energy storage 10" in several embodiments. In Figure 5, the energy storage 10" includes not only the first container 12, second container 14, first pipe 16 and second pipe 18 shown in Figure 3, but also a third pipe 28, hole cover 29 and maintenance pipe 30.

[0066] The descriptions of the first container 12, the second container 14, the first tube 16, and the second tube 18 are as described above, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity and clarity.

[0067] The third pipe 28 is located in the first container 12. One end of the third pipe 28 is connected to the first space SP1, and the other end of the third pipe 28 receives an external gas EG and supplies an initial gas IG. In one embodiment, the third pipe 28 further includes a pressure safety valve (also called a pop-up valve) (not shown) that releases pressure by selectively releasing a gas or liquid, thereby adjusting the pressure to reach a predetermined pressure setpoint. For example, the pressure safety valve adjusts the predetermined pressure of the energy storage device to 4 MPa (or N / m³). 2 It is controlled to maintain a pressure of 12 MPa.

[0068] The hole cover 29 is located on the first container 12. When the hole cover 29 is opened, the first space SP1 and the external space of the first container 12 are connected. When the hole cover 29 is closed, the connection between the first space SP1 and the external space of the first container 12 is blocked. Maintenance work can be performed by an operator (not shown) entering the first space SP1. In one embodiment, the hole cover 29 may further include a pressure relief valve (also called a pop-up valve) (not shown) used to selectively release gas or liquid to relieve pressure, thereby allowing the pressure relief valve to be adjusted to maintain the pressure in the first container 12 at a predetermined pressure set to, for example, several megapascals and several megapascals.

[0069] The maintenance pipe 30 is located between the first container 12 and the second container 14. When the maintenance pipe 30 is opened, the first space SP1 and the second space SP2 are connected. When the maintenance pipe 30 is closed, the connection between the first space SP1 and the second space SP2 is blocked. A maintenance worker (not shown) can enter the second space SP2 for maintenance work. In one embodiment, the maintenance pipe 30 further includes a pressure safety valve (also called a pop-up valve) (not shown) used to selectively release gas or liquid to release pressure, and the pressure may be adjusted to reach a predetermined pressure setpoint.

[0070] In one embodiment, the energy storage 10" may further include a pressure sensor, pump, valve body, controller, etc., which are described in detail below.

[0071] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system 20 in several embodiments. As shown in Figure 6, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system 20 includes multiple energy storage units 10”, a liquid source 2, a converter 4, a first pipe 6, and a second pipe 8. The energy storage units 10”, the liquid source 2, the converter 4, the first pipe 6, and the second pipe 8 form a closed and circulating energy storage release structure along the flow path of the working fluid WL.

[0072] The example in Figure 6 has four energy storage devices 102, 104, 106, and 108. However, the number of energy storage devices in the energy storage system 20 may be more or less than this. In one embodiment, the number of energy storage devices can be arbitrarily selected or chosen according to the application. For example, this number range could be 10 to 100 energy storage units 10”, 100 to 1,000 energy storage units 10”, or 1,000 to 999,999 energy storage units 10”. Each of the energy storage units 102, 104, 106, and 108 includes a first container 12 and a second container 14, a first tube 16, and a second tube 18, having a one-to-one correspondence. In some embodiments, the energy storage units 102, 104, 106, and 108 may be added to / from the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system 20 in real time or on demand. Alternatively, the energy storage units 102, 104, 106, and 108 may be controlled via valves to enable them (so they are considered added) and operate, or deactivate them (so they are considered removed) and stop their operation.

[0073] Each first container 12 forms a first space SP1 for storing the initial gas IG.

[0074] Each second container 14 is positioned below the first container 12, and each second container 14 forms a second space SP2 for storing the initial liquid IL.

[0075] One end of each first pipe 16 is connected to the first container 12, and the other end of each first pipe 16 is connected to the second container 14, thereby enabling the first pipe 16 to communicate with the first space SP1 of the connected first container 12 and the second space SP2 of the connected second container 14.

[0076] One end of each second pipe 18 is connected to the second container 14, and the other end of each second pipe 18 is connected to the first pipe 6. The diameter of the second pipe 18 may be larger or smaller than the diameter of the first pipe 16.

[0077] Liquid source 2 supplies and reuses the working fluid WL. For example, liquid source 2 may be a reservoir, water tower, water tank, etc. The function of liquid source 2 as a supply source has been described above, and for the sake of brevity and clarity, it will not be repeated here. In addition to its supply function, liquid source 2 can also reuse the working fluid WL discharged from converter 4 via the second pipe 8.

[0078] The converter 4 receives and outputs the working fluid WL. For example, the converter 4 may be a liquid pump, turbopump, liquid generator, liquid turbine generator, hydroelectric turbine generator, or other liquid-driven device configured to generate electricity. The converter 4 can also function as a supply device, but this is the same as described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here. In addition to its supply function, the liquid source 2 can also reuse the working fluid WL discharged from the converter 4 via the second pipe 8.

[0079] The first pipe 6 forms the third space SP3, and the first pipe 6 has a plurality of connection ports 62, a first connection point 64, and a third connection point 66. Each connection port 62 connects each of the second spaces SP2 and the third space SP3 of the second container 14. Furthermore, the first connection point 64 and the third connection point 66 are formed at both ends of the first pipe 6. The first connection point 64 is connected to the first end 24 of the liquid source 2, and the third connection point 66 is connected to the first end 42 of the converter 4.

[0080] The second pipe 8 forms a fourth space SP4, the first end 82 of the second pipe 8 is connected to the second end 44 of the converter 4, and the second end 84 of the second pipe 8 is connected to the second end 26 of the liquid source 2.

[0081] In the first operating mode M1, the working liquid WL is injected from the liquid source 2 into the second space SP2 through the first pipe 6 and the second tube 18. The working liquid WL drives the initial liquid IL through the first tube 16, continuously compressing the initial gas IG in the first space SP1 until it reaches a predetermined pressure, thereby enabling the first container 12 to store the first pressure energy FPE.

[0082] In the second operating mode M2, the initial gas IG expands continuously, driving the initial liquid IL to move toward the second pipe 18 and be discharged from the second pipe 18. The first pressure energy FPE is converted into the second pressure energy SPE, which passes through the first pipe 6 and drives the converter 4 to generate electrical energy E. After driving the converter 4, the working liquid WL returns to the liquid source 2 through the second pipe 8.

[0083] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system 20' in several embodiments. As shown in Figure 7, the energy storage system 20' includes an energy storage 10”, a liquid source 2, a converter 4, a first pipe 6 and a second pipe 8, as well as at least one pressure sensor 32, a pump 34, a valve body 36, 36' and a controller 38. The controller 38 can be implemented in a server computer representing one or more computers, such as one or more desktop computers, server computers, server farms, cloud computing platforms, parallel computers, virtual computing instances and / or instances of server-based applications in public or private data centers. The pump 34 enables the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system to have a better energy storage effect and to store and release more energy.

[0084] The descriptions of the energy storage 10”, liquid source 2, converter 4, first pipe 6, and second pipe 8 are as described above, and for the sake of brevity and clarity, they will not be repeated here.

[0085] The pressure sensor 32 can be used to detect changes in the working fluid WL, the initial liquid IL, or the initial gas IG, for example, and generate a corresponding sensing signal SS. Here, the pressure sensor 32 is located in the first vessel 12, for example. In other embodiments, the pressure sensor 32 may also be located in at least one of the second vessel 14, the first pipe 16, the second pipe 18, the first pipe 6, and the second pipe 8.

[0086] Pump 34 can be used to adjust, for example, the flow rate of the working liquid WL or the initial liquid IL. This pump 34 can be specially designed to generate a higher flow rate and pressure by supplying the working liquid WL to act on the initial liquid IL and initial gas IG, thereby enabling rapid and easy storage of energy in the first container 12 and the second container 14. As an example, pump 34 is placed between the first pipe 6 and the liquid source 2. Alternatively, pump 34 may be placed in at least one of the following locations: the first space SP1, the second space SP2, the first pipe 16, the second pipe 18, between the first pipe 16 and the first container 12, between the second pipe 18 and the second container 14, the first pipe 6, the second pipe 8, between the second pipe 8 and the liquid source 2, and between the second pipe 8 and the converter 2. Pump 34 adjusts the working liquid WL of the liquid source 2 and flows it into the energy storage 10”.

[0087] The valve bodies 36 and 36' can provide open and closed modes manually and automatically. Automatic control can be performed via a control signal CS, which can be generated from the controller 38. Furthermore, in the open mode, the working fluid WL, initial liquid IL, and initial gas IG can pass through the valve bodies 36 and 36'. In the closed mode, the working fluid WL, initial liquid IL, and initial gas IG are stopped by the valve bodies 36 and 36'. As shown in Figure 7, valve body 36 is provided between the first pipe 6 and the liquid source 2, and valve body 36' is provided between the first pipe 6 and the converter 4. Valve bodies 36 and 36' may be placed in at least one of the following locations: the first container 12, the second container 14, the first pipe 16, the second pipe 18, the space between the first pipe 16 and the first container 12, the space between the second pipe 18 and the second container 14, the first pipe 6, the second pipe 8, the space between the second pipe 8 and the liquid source 2, and the space between the second pipe 8 and the converter 4.

[0088] The controller 38 can receive a sensing signal SS generated by the pressure sensor 32 sensing the pressure generated by, for example, the working fluid WL, the initial liquid IL, or the initial gas IG. Based on the sensing signal SS, the controller 38 generates a control signal CS and operates the valve bodies 36, 36' to execute an open mode or a closed mode. In one embodiment, the controller 38 outputs a control signal CS to operate the valve body 36 to control the initial gas IG to a predetermined pressure, and when the initial gas IG reaches the predetermined pressure, it stops compressing the initial gas IG.

[0089] In one embodiment, the controller 38 can communicate with the control program APP to enable the energy storages 102, 104, 106, and 108 to synchronously store a first pressure energy FPE or convert a second pressure. For example, the controller 38 controls the valve body 36 so that the four energy storages 102, 104, 106, and 108 can simultaneously store approximately four times the first pressure energy FPE, or so that the four energy storages 102, 104, 106, and 108 can simultaneously release approximately four times the second pressure energy SPE.

[0090] In one embodiment, the controller 38 may also communicate with the control program APP to enable the energy storage devices 102, 104, 106, and 108 to asynchronously store the first pressure energy FPE and convert it into the second pressure energy SPE. For example, the controller 38 controls the valve body 36 or individually controllable valves of the connection port 62 (not shown) so that any of the energy storage devices 102, 104, 106, or 108 can independently store or release energy. In other words, the controller 38 can select one, more, or all of the energy storage devices to drive the converter 4 to generate one or more times the electrical energy, or to extend the period over which the electrical energy E is generated.

[0091] In one embodiment, the controller 38 can monitor the amount of electrical energy E generated. For example, if an abnormality occurs in the power supply (such as a shortage or overload), the controller 38 issues or generates a notification regarding the abnormality.

[0092] In one embodiment, the controller 38 can configure the electrical energy E to supply the required electrical energy to the energy storage 10, thereby achieving the objectives of self-generation and self-supply.

[0093] In one embodiment, the energy storage 10" further includes an extended energy storage unit 40 connected to the converter 4 for storing electrical energy E. The extended energy storage unit 40 may be, for example, a storage battery, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor, etc.

[0094] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the application of an energy storage system 20' to a power network in several embodiments. The energy storage system 20' is used as an energy storage device for the current power source 50. For example, the power source 50 is a thermal power plant 502, a hydroelectric power plant 504, a wind power plant 506, a nuclear power plant, a geothermal power plant, a tidal power plant, etc. The power source 50 generates electrical energy E', which in turn drives a pump 34 of the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system 20', allowing the pump 34 to operate a working fluid WL and store energy in the energy storage 10''. Based on the electricity demand 70 of the electrical energy (household electricity 702, industrial electricity 704, etc.), the energy storage 10'' can be combined with the power source 50 to support the power source 50 or serve as the main alternative power source, and can supply electrical energy E to the electricity demand 70 at any time via the power network 60.

[0095] In one embodiment, the energy storage system 20” may include n × m energy storage units 10” as shown in Figure 8, a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the energy storage system 20” in several embodiments.

[0096] Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of an energy storage method using the interaction of different pressure media in several embodiments. In Figure 9, the method begins in step S91, where an initial gas is supplied into a first vessel.

[0097] In step S92, the initial liquid is supplied to the second container.

[0098] In step S93, the working liquid is supplied to the second container, thereby driving the initial liquid to compress the initial gas and store the first pressure energy.

[0099] In step S94, the first pressure energy is released, driving the initial liquid to act on the working fluid, and the second pressure energy is output.

[0100] In step S95, steps S93 to S94 are repeatedly executed to output energy through the interaction between the first pressure energy and the second pressure energy. For example, the second pressure energy is used to drive a converter (liquid pump, turbopump, liquid generator, liquid turbine generator, hydroelectric turbine generator, etc.) and generate electricity.

[0101] In one embodiment, after step S95, the working fluid is recovered and supplied again to the second container, thereby forming a closed system in which the working fluid can be reused.

[0102] During energy use, these devices and systems are used to store and release energy, and the energy thus stored can be used on demand.

[0103] During operation, the system converts electrical energy into potential energy or compressed air energy, stores the converted energy, and releases the stored energy as needed.

[0104] Although the present invention has been disclosed in preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All modifications and substitutions equivalent to these embodiments should be included within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, A first container forming a first space for storing the initial gas, A second container connected to one side of the first container and having a second space for storing the initial liquid and the initial gas, It comprises a first pipe having a first end and a second end, The first end of the first pipe is connected to the first container, and the second end of the first pipe is connected to the second container. In the first operating mode of the energy storage system, a working fluid is injected into the second space, and the initial gas in the first space is continuously compressed until the initial gas in the first space reaches a predetermined pressure, thereby causing the first container to store first pressure energy. In the second operating mode, the initial gas is continuously expanded to discharge the initial liquid, and the first pressure energy is converted into a second pressure energy for driving a converter that generates electricity. In the first operating mode of the energy storage system, the initial liquid remains only in the second space. The aforementioned energy storage system.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a second tube having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second tube is connected to the second container, and the second end of the second tube is connected to the converter and the liquid source.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first container and the second container are at least one of a cylindrical tank, a polygonal tank, and a honeycomb tank.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a third tube disposed in the first container, one end of the third tube connected to the first space, and the other end of the third tube receiving an external gas to replenish the initial gas.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a hole cover disposed in the first container, wherein when the hole cover is open, the first space communicates with the external space of the first container, and when the hole cover is closed, communication between the first space and the external space of the first container is blocked.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a maintenance pipe positioned between the first container and the second container, wherein when the maintenance pipe is open, the first space communicates with the second space, and when the maintenance pipe is closed, communication between the first space and the second space is blocked.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a pump for adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid or the initial liquid.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a valve body that provides an open mode and a closed mode, wherein in the open mode, the working fluid, the initial liquid, or the initial gas passes through the valve body, and in the closed mode, the working fluid, the initial liquid, or the initial gas is stopped by the valve body.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, further comprising a controller that operates the valve body to control the initial gas to a predetermined pressure, and outputs a control signal to stop the compression of the initial gas when the initial gas reaches the predetermined pressure.

10. An energy storage system for the interaction of different pressure media, It comprises multiple dissimilar pressure medium interaction modules, and each of the dissimilar pressure medium interaction modules is A first container having a first space for storing an initial gas, A second container connected to one side of the first container and having a second space for storing initial liquid, A liquid source for storing the working fluid, A pump positioned between the liquid source and the plurality of heterogeneous pressure medium interaction modules, the pump adjusting the rate or amount of the working liquid entering the plurality of heterogeneous pressure medium interaction modules, A converter that receives and outputs the aforementioned working liquid, A first pipe forming a third space, having a plurality of container connection ports, a first connection point and a third connection point, each of the container connection ports connecting each of the second spaces to the third space, the first connection point and the third connection point being formed at both ends of the first pipe, the first connection point being connected to the first end of the liquid source, and the third connection point being connected to the first end of the converter, the first pipe and A second pipe forming a fourth space, the first end of the second pipe being connected to the second end of the converter, and the second end of the second pipe being connected to the second end of the liquid source, In the first operating mode, the working liquid is controlled by the pump and injected into the second space via the first pipe, continuously compressing the initial gas in the first space until the initial gas reaches a predetermined pressure, and further accumulating first pressure energy in the first container. In the second operating mode, the initial gas is controlled by the pump and continuously expands, driving the initial liquid toward the first pipe and out of the first pipe, the first pressure energy becomes the second pressure energy, and the initial liquid drives the working liquid to drive the converter and generate electricity. The aforementioned energy storage system for the interaction of different pressure media.

11. Furthermore, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 10 further comprises a pressure sensor that generates a sensing signal by sensing the pressure generated by the working liquid, the initial liquid, the initial gas, or a combination thereof.

12. Furthermore, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 10, comprising a valve body configured to be in an open mode or a closed mode, wherein in the open mode, the working fluid, the initial liquid and the initial gas can pass through the valve body, and in the closed mode, the working fluid, the initial liquid and the initial gas are stopped by the valve body.

13. Furthermore, the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 10, further comprising a pressure sensor, a valve body, and a controller, wherein the pressure sensor and the valve body are connected to the controller, the controller is configured to receive a sensing signal from the pressure sensor, and the controller is configured to generate a control signal based on the sensing signal, thereby operating the valve body to further execute the open mode or the closed mode.

14. The heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to output the control signal and operate the valve body so that the initial gas reaches the predetermined pressure.

15. The heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to control the heterogeneous pressure medium interaction module and execute a control program for synchronously storing the first pressure energy.

16. The heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to generate a notification when the controller detects an abnormal condition.

17. The heterogeneous pressure medium interaction energy storage system according to claim 10, further comprising an extended energy storage unit connected to the converter and storing the electrical energy.

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