System and method for reducing arc discharge in ultraviolet lamps

Abstract

To provide a system and a method for reducing potential arcing of a UV lamp and for adapting operation of a UV lamp at various altitudes and air pressures.SOLUTION: A system 100 includes an ultraviolet (UV) lamp including one or more UV light emitters. The UV light emitters are configured to emit UV light 110 in an environment. A power source is configured to supply power to the UV lamp. A pressure sensor is configured to detect an ambient air pressure in the environment. A temperature sensor is configured to detect an ambient air temperature in the environment. A control unit is configured to analyze air pressure data regarding the ambient air pressure and air temperature data regarding the ambient air temperature in relation to a breakdown voltage for the UV lamp. The control unit is further configured to modify at least one aspect of the UV lamp in response to the ambient air pressure and air temperature reaching a breakdown threshold that is less than the breakdown voltage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Examples of the present disclosure generally relate to systems and methods for reducing arc discharge of ultraviolet (UV) lamps such that they can be used to sterilize structures and areas within vehicles such as commercial aircraft.

Background Art

[0002] Vehicles such as commercial aircraft are used to transport passengers between various locations. For example, systems are currently being developed for disinfecting or otherwise sterilizing surfaces within an aircraft using ultraviolet (UV) light.

[0003] Known UV lamps include a sealed tube containing a UV light emitter. The tube is connected to electrodes that are exposed to the ambient environment. Arc discharge between the electrodes occurs at a known breakdown voltage. Further, when the electrodes are exposed to ionizing radiation, the breakdown voltage in air decreases. Further, when ultraviolet light, such as that emitted by a UV light emitter, is present, the air within the environment is already ionized. Thus, less of an electric field needs to be created to cause an arc discharge. In short, UV light decreases the breakdown voltage, thereby increasing the likelihood of an arc discharge.

[0004] As an aircraft ascends to higher altitudes, the surrounding pressure decreases. Operating a UV lamp at such altitudes results in a decrease in the breakdown voltage. Certain UV lamps may be susceptible to the effects of arc discharge at the pressure within the passenger cabin of an aircraft. Thus, in order to mitigate potential arc discharge, a UV lamp may not operate at a certain pressure within the passenger cabin. Thus, a UV lamp may not be able to sterilize various components as desired.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Systems and methods are needed to reduce the potential arc discharge of UV lamps. Furthermore, systems and methods are needed to adapt the operation of UV lamps at various altitudes and atmospheric pressures. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] With these needs in mind, a particular example provides a system comprising a UV lamp including one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters coupled to electrodes. The UV light emitters are configured to emit UV light into the environment. A power supply is coupled to the UV lamp. The power supply is configured to power the UV lamp. A pressure sensor is configured to detect the ambient pressure in the environment. A temperature sensor is configured to detect the ambient temperature in the environment. A control unit is configured to analyze the ambient pressure and ambient temperature in relation to the breakdown voltage of the UV lamp. The control unit is further configured to modify at least one embodiment of the UV lamp in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a breakdown threshold lower than the breakdown voltage.

[0007] In at least one example, the environment is the vehicle's interior passenger compartment.

[0008] In at least one example, the control unit communicates with the power supply. At least one embodiment of the UV lamp includes power supplied to the UV lamp from the power supply.

[0009] In at least one example, a blower is coupled to a UV lamp. A control unit communicates with the blower. The blower is configured to supply cooling air to the UV lamp. At least one embodiment of the UV lamp includes air pressure within the UV lamp. The control unit is configured to adaptively control the blower to change the air pressure within the UV lamp.

[0010] In at least one example, the UV lamp includes a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet. A blower is coupled to the air inlet. The air inlet may be larger than the air outlet.

[0011] In at least one example, one or more actuators are coupled to electrodes. One or more actuators are configured to adjust the distance between electrodes. A control unit communicates with one or more actuators. At least one embodiment includes the distance between electrodes.

[0012] In at least one example, the UV lamp includes one or more of the following: a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, or a control unit. For example, one or both of the pressure sensor and / or temperature sensor are fixed to the UV lamp housing.

[0013] A particular example of the present disclosure provides a method comprising the steps of: having a control unit analyze ambient atmospheric pressure detected by a pressure sensor and ambient temperature detected by a temperature sensor in relation to the breakdown voltage of a UV lamp having one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters coupled to electrodes, wherein the UV light emitters are configured to emit UV light into the environment; and having the control unit modify at least one embodiment of the UV lamp in response to ambient atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature that result in a breakdown threshold lower than the breakdown voltage. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] This is a schematic block diagram of a sterilization system in the environment. [Figure 2] This is a schematic block diagram of a control unit that communicates with an ultraviolet (UV) lamp. [Figure 3] This is a flowchart showing how to reduce the possibility of arc discharge in a UV lamp. [Figure 4] This is a first side view of the UV lamp. [Figure 5] This is a second side view of the UV lamp. [Figure 6] Perspective view of the first side of the UV lamp coupled to the blower. [Figure 7] Perspective view of the second side of the UV lamp coupled to the blower. [Figure 8] Perspective front view of the aircraft. [Figure 9A] Plan view of the interior cabin of the aircraft. [Figure 9B] Plan view of the interior cabin of the aircraft. [Figure 10] Interior perspective view of the interior cabin of the aircraft.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] The foregoing summary, and the following detailed description of certain specific examples, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In this specification, it should be understood that elements or steps described in the singular and preceded by the words "a" or "an" do not necessarily exclude a plurality of elements or steps. Also, reference to "one example" is not intended to be construed as excluding the existence of additional examples incorporating the described form. Further, unless explicitly stated otherwise, an example "comprising" or "having" one element or a plurality of elements with certain conditions can include additional elements not having those conditions.

[0016] As described herein, examples of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for controlling an ultraviolet lamp to reduce the likelihood of arc discharge. In at least one example, the system and method are configured to prevent, mitigate, or reduce arc discharge of an operating UV light emitter, such as when used to sterilize components within an environment. The system and method are configured to control the voltage applied to the UV light emitter based on the temperature and pressure within the environment when it is necessary to supply over-power to the UV light emitter to increase the irradiation amount, such as during flight of an aircraft.

[0017] In at least one example, this system and method includes a power source, a control unit, a UV lamp having electrodes coupled to one or more UV light emitters, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The control unit is configured to control the voltage applied to the UV lamp based on the detected temperature and pressure (e.g., as the altitude of an aircraft changes) to reduce the likelihood of arc discharge within the UV lamp (such as between the electrodes). The temperature and pressure data can be known from and / or received from the system (such as within a vehicle) or can be locally generated by the device. The control unit can be set to stop the UV lamp if the pressure data is lost, so it can operate as a failsafe. In one example, a blower can be included to cool the device to operate at a higher output at higher altitudes. In at least one example, a mechanical actuator (such as a motor, bellows, etc.) can be controlled to vary the spacing between the electrodes in response to changes in temperature and pressure (such as altitude changes).

[0018] FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a sterilization system 100 within an environment 102 according to an example of the present disclosure. In at least one example, the environment 102 is the interior cabin of a vehicle such as a commercial aircraft. The air pressure and temperature within the environment 102 can vary. For example, as the aircraft ascends, the air pressure and temperature at different altitudes can be different.

[0019] The sterilization system 100 includes a UV lamp 104 that includes one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters 106 electrically coupled to electrodes 108. The UV lamp 104 can be a fixed structure within the environment 102. As another example, the UV lamp 104 can be a structure that is movable and / or portable within the environment 102. For example, the UV lamp 104 can be part of a wand assembly. The wand assembly can be coupled to a backpack assembly, a case assembly, a cart assembly, etc. As another example, the wand assembly can be a stand-alone unit that is not coupled to another assembly such as a backpack assembly.

[0020] The UV light emitter 106 can be one or more light bulbs, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), etc. The UV light emitter 106 is configured to emit UV light 110 to one or more components 112 in the environment to disinfect or otherwise sterilize the components 112. Examples of components 112 include floors, ceilings, walls, seats, countertops, handles, faucets, doors, toilets, etc.

[0021] The UV lamp 104 is coupled to a power supply 114, for example, via one or more wired connections. The power supply 114 can be the main power source in the environment, such as an alternating current (AC) power source. In another example, the power supply 114 may be part of the UV lamp 104 itself. That is, the UV lamp 104 can include the power supply 114. In yet another example, the power supply 114 can be one or more batteries.

[0022] In at least one example, the UV lamp 104 is also coupled to a blower 116, for example, via one or more wired or wireless connections. The blower 116 can be, for example, a fan. The blower 116 can also be coupled to a power supply 114 that supplies operating power to the blower 116. The blower 116 is configured to supply cooling air to the UV lamp 104.

[0023] The control unit 118 communicates with the power supply 114 and the blower 116, for example, via one or more wired or wireless connections. Optionally, the control unit 118 communicates with only one of the power supply 114 or the blower 116. In at least one example, the control unit 118 is separate from and remote to the UV lamp 104. In at least one other example, the control unit 118 is integrated with the UV lamp 104.

[0024] The control unit 118 is either coupled to memory 120 or otherwise includes memory. Memory 120 stores dielectric breakdown voltage data for the UV lamp 104. The dielectric breakdown voltage data includes information about the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp 104 (i.e., the voltage applied to the electrode 108 that generates the arc discharge) at various altitudes, atmospheric pressures, temperatures, etc. For example, the dielectric breakdown voltage data includes information about the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp 104 when one or more UV light emitters 106 emit UV light 110 at an altitude of 100,000 feet (or more) above sea level.

[0025] The control unit 118 also communicates with a pressure sensor 122 in the environment 102, for example, via one or more wired or wireless connections. The pressure sensor 122 is configured to detect the ambient pressure in the environment 102 surrounding the UV lamp 104. As an example, the pressure sensor 122 may be an electronic barometer. In at least one example, the pressure sensor 122 is separate from the UV lamp 104. In another example, the pressure sensor 122 is mounted on an external part of the UV lamp 104, for example, on the outer surface of the housing 124 of the UV lamp 104. Optionally, the control unit 118 does not have to communicate with the pressure sensor 122. Instead, the control unit 118 may communicate with another component that receives pressure data, for example, from the pressure sensor 122, for example, such as the vehicle's onboard computer.

[0026] The control unit 118 also communicates with a temperature sensor 126 in the environment 102, for example, via one or more wired or wireless connections. The temperature sensor 126 is configured to detect the ambient temperature in the environment 102 surrounding the UV lamp 104. As an example, the temperature sensor 126 may be an electronic thermometer or a thermostat. In at least one example, the temperature sensor 126 is separate from the UV lamp 104. In another example, the temperature sensor 126 is mounted on an external part of the UV lamp 104, for example, on the outer surface of the housing 124 of the UV lamp 104. Optionally, the control unit 118 does not have to communicate with the temperature sensor 126. Instead, the control unit 118 may communicate with another component that receives temperature data, for example, from the temperature sensor 126, for example, such as the vehicle's onboard computer.

[0027] Ambient pressure and temperature can change. For example, if environment 102 is the interior cabin of a vehicle such as a civilian aircraft, the ambient pressure and temperature will change as the altitude of the vehicle changes.

[0028] For example, voltage values ​​such as dielectric breakdown voltage or dielectric breakdown threshold are related to ambient pressure and ambient temperature. If the ambient pressure and ambient temperature are known, the dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric breakdown threshold can be determined. Therefore, ambient pressure and ambient temperature can result in such voltage values.

[0029] The dielectric breakdown voltage is the voltage required to initiate a discharge or electric arc between two electrodes in a gas, and according to Paschen's law, it is a function of pressure and the distance between the electrodes. In particular, V B =B pd / ln( A pd )-ln[ln(1+1 / γ se )] In the formula, V B is the dielectric breakdown voltage (volts), p is the pressure (pascals), d is the gap distance (meters), γ se∫ is the secondary electron emission coefficient, A is the saturation ionization amount in the gas at a partial E / p (electric field / pressure), and B is related to the excitation and ionization energies. Under standard air conditions of temperature and pressure, the voltage required to arc discharge through a 1-meter gap is approximately 3.4 MV.

[0030] In at least one example, data on ambient pressure and ambient temperature can be used to control the voltage from the power supply, for example, via a reference table. The reference table can be stored in memory coupled to the control unit 118.

[0031] During operation, the control unit 118 receives a pressure signal 128 output by the pressure sensor 122. The pressure signal 128 indicates the atmospheric pressure around the environment 102 surrounding the UV lamp 104. The control unit 118 also receives a temperature signal 130 output by the temperature sensor 126. The temperature signal 130 indicates the ambient temperature around the environment 102 surrounding the UV lamp 104.

[0032] The control unit 118 receives a pressure signal 128 from the pressure sensor 122 and a temperature signal 130 from the temperature sensor 126. The control unit 118 analyzes the pressure signal 128 (for example, pressure data relating to ambient pressure, such as showing ambient atmospheric pressure) and the temperature signal 130 (for example, temperature data relating to ambient temperature, such as showing ambient temperature) to determine the ambient pressure and ambient temperature of the environment surrounding the UV lamp 104, respectively. The control unit 118 uses the dielectric breakdown voltage data of the UV lamp 104 stored in memory 120 to analyze (e.g., compare) the ambient pressure (e.g., data relating to ambient pressure) and ambient temperature (e.g., data relating to ambient temperature). If the ambient pressure and ambient temperature are such that the voltage currently supplied by the power supply 114 to the UV lamp 104 is below the current dielectric breakdown voltage, the control unit 118 allows the UV lamp 104 to continue operating in the normal manner (i.e., at the power level supplied by the power supply 114).

[0033] However, if the ambient pressure and ambient temperature are such that the voltage applied by the power supply 114 to the UV lamp 104 reaches the dielectric breakdown threshold, the control unit 118 reduces the power supplied by the power supply 114 (for example, by reducing the voltage applied to the UV lamp 104). The dielectric breakdown threshold is a voltage value based on the ambient pressure and ambient temperature. The ambient pressure and ambient temperature result in a voltage value for the UV lamp 104. This voltage value is compared with the dielectric breakdown threshold, which is itself a voltage value. The dielectric breakdown threshold can be a predetermined percentage of the dielectric breakdown voltage. For example, the dielectric breakdown threshold can be 90-99% of the dielectric breakdown voltage. Thus, when the dielectric breakdown threshold is met, the control unit 118 reduces the power supplied by the power supply 114 (for example, by reducing the power by 10-20%) to prevent the dielectric breakdown voltage from occurring. Optionally, the dielectric breakdown threshold may be greater than 99% but less than 100% of the dielectric breakdown voltage. As another example, the dielectric breakdown voltage may be less than 90%, for example, 75% of the dielectric breakdown voltage. Also, the reduction in power supplied to the UV lamp 104 may be a power reduction of less than 10% or a power reduction of more than 20%. As yet another example, the dielectric breakdown threshold may be a value other than a percentage of the dielectric breakdown voltage. For example, the dielectric breakdown threshold may be 1 to 5 V lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage.

[0034] For example, the maximum power of the UV lamp 104 at a pressure altitude of 8000 feet may be approximately 54W. The control unit 118 is configured to control the power supplied to the UV lamp 104 to less than 54W at such pressures, thereby ensuring that the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp 104 does not occur.

[0035] In at least one example, in addition to controlling the power applied to the UV lamp 104, or instead, the control unit 118 is configured to adaptively control the fan 116. The fan 116 operates to cool the UV lamp 104. However, if the ambient pressure and ambient temperature are such that the voltage applied by the power supply 114 to the UV lamp 104 reaches the dielectric breakdown threshold, the control unit 118 operates the fan 116 and / or increases the power supplied to the fan 116 (for example, to increase the fan speed). By operating the fan 116 and / or increasing the power supplied to the fan 116, additional cooling air is supplied into the UV lamp 104. By adding cooling air, the pressure inside the UV lamp 104 increases. As the pressure increases, the dielectric breakdown voltage increases. Thus, instead of reducing (or in addition to reducing) the power supplied to the UV lamp 104 in response to reaching the dielectric breakdown threshold, the control unit 118 can operate the blower 116 to increase the air pressure inside the UV lamp 104, thereby increasing the power to operate the UV lamp 104 without reaching the dielectric breakdown voltage.

[0036] As described herein, the control unit 118 is configured to modify at least one aspect of the UV lamp 104 in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold. For example, this aspect is the power supplied to the UV lamp 104. Another example is the atmospheric pressure inside the UV lamp 104. Another example is that at least one aspect is a first aspect, such as the power supplied to the UV lamp 104, and a second aspect, such as the atmospheric pressure inside the UV lamp 104.

[0037] As described herein, the control unit 118 is configured to control the power supplied from the power supply 114 to the UV lamp 104 in response to the detected atmospheric pressure and temperature in the environment 102 to prevent, mitigate, or reduce the possibility of arc discharge in the UV lamp 104. As an alternative example, the control unit 118 is configured to control the blower 116 in response to the detected atmospheric pressure and temperature in the environment 102 (for example, to increase the pressure inside the UV lamp 104) to prevent, mitigate, or reduce the possibility of arc discharge in the UV lamp 104. As an alternative example, the control unit 118 is configured to (a) control the power supplied from the power supply 114 to the UV lamp 104 and (b) control the blower 116 in response to the detected atmospheric pressure and temperature in the environment 102 to prevent, mitigate, or reduce the possibility of arc discharge in the UV lamp 104.

[0038] Figure 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a control unit 118 communicating with a UV lamp 104 according to an example of the present disclosure. In at least one example, the control unit 118 communicates with one or more actuators 134 of the UV lamp 104. The actuators 134 may be, or include, one or more motors, bellows, tracks, arms, etc., coupled to the electrodes 108. The actuators 134 are configured to move the electrodes 108 relative to each other. In at least one example, one aspect of the UV lamp 104 that can be modified by the control unit 118 in response to the dielectric breakdown threshold being met is that the UV lamp 104 may move the electrodes 108 so that a dielectric breakdown voltage does not occur. For example, the control unit 118 may operate the actuators 134 to move the electrodes further apart to reduce the likelihood of a dielectric breakdown voltage occurring.

[0039] The example shown in Figure 2 can be used in conjunction with the example described with respect to Figure 1. In at least one example, the control unit 118 can operate the actuator 134 to control the spacing between electrodes in response to reaching a dielectric breakdown threshold, instead of reducing the power supplied to the UV lamp 104 or controlling the blower 116. In at least one example, the control unit 118 is not coupled to the actuator of the UV lamp. That is, in at least one example, the control unit 118 does not operate to move the electrodes 108 in response to reaching a dielectric breakdown threshold. For example, the UV lamp 104 may not include an actuator.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the system 100 includes a UV lamp 104 which includes one or more UV light emitters 106 coupled to electrodes 108. The UV light emitters 106 are configured to emit UV light 110 into the environment 102. A power supply 114 is coupled to the UV lamp 104. The power supply 114 is configured to supply power to the UV lamp 104. A pressure sensor 122 is configured to detect the ambient pressure in the environment 102. A temperature sensor 126 is configured to detect the ambient temperature in the environment 102. A control unit 118 communicates with the pressure sensor 122 and the temperature sensor 126. The control unit 118 is configured to analyze the ambient pressure and ambient temperature in relation to the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp 104 (i.e., the voltage at which an arc discharge occurs between electrodes 108 at the current (a) electrode spacing, (b) ambient pressure, and (c) ambient temperature). The control unit 118 is further configured to modify at least one aspect of the UV lamp 104 in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage.

[0041] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a method for reducing the possibility of arc discharge in a UV lamp according to an example of the present disclosure. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, at 200, the control unit 118 receives a pressure signal 128 from the pressure sensor 122 indicating the ambient atmospheric pressure in the environment 102. At 202, the control unit 118 receives a temperature signal 130 from the temperature sensor 126 indicating the ambient temperature in the environment 102. Steps 200 and 202 can be performed simultaneously. Optionally, step 200 may be performed before step 202, and vice versa.

[0042] In step 204, the control unit 118 analyzes the ambient pressure and ambient atmospheric pressure in relation to the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp 104. In step 206, the control unit 118 determines whether the dielectric breakdown threshold (lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage) is met. If it is not met, the method proceeds from 206 to 208, and the UV lamp 104 operates (or can be made to operate) in the normal manner. The method then returns to 204.

[0043] However, if the dielectric breakdown threshold is met in 206, the control unit 118 modifies at least one aspect of the UV lamp 104 in 210. For example, at least one aspect includes one or more of the power supplied to the UV lamp 104, the air pressure inside the UV lamp 104 (controlled by the operation of the blower 116), and / or the distance or spacing between the electrodes 108 of the UV lamp 104 (controlled by one or more actuators 134).

[0044] As used herein, terms such as “control unit,” “central processing unit,” “unit,” “CPU,” and “computer” can include any processor-based or microprocessor-based system, including systems using a microcontroller, reduced instruction set computers (RISC), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), logic circuits, and any other circuits or processors, including hardware, software, or combinations thereof, that can perform the functions described herein. These are merely illustrative examples and are therefore not intended to limit the definitions and / or meanings of such terms in any way. For example, the control unit 118 may be, or include, one or more processors configured to control its operation, as described herein.

[0045] The control unit 118 is configured to execute a set of instructions stored in one or more data storage units or elements (such as one or more memories) in order to process data. For example, the control unit 118 may include or be coupled with one or more memories. A data storage unit may also store data or other information as desired or required. A data storage unit may take the form of a source of information or a physical memory element within a processing machine. One or more data storage units or elements may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. As an example, non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), and / or flash memory and volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) which can function as external cache memory. The data storage of the disclosed systems and methods is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0046] The set of instructions may include a variety of commands that instruct the control unit 118, as a processing machine, to perform specific actions such as the methods and processes of various examples of the subject matter described herein. The set of instructions may be in the form of a software program. The software may take various forms, such as system software or application software. Furthermore, the software may take the form of a collection of separate programs, a subset of programs within a larger program, or a part of a program. The software may also include modular programming in the form of object-oriented programming. Processing of input data by the processing machine may be performed in response to user commands, in response to the results of previous processing, or in response to requests made by another processing machine.

[0047] The example figures in this specification show one or more control or processing units, such as control unit 118. Naturally, a processing or control unit can represent a circuit, circuit configuration, or part thereof that can be implemented as hardware having relevant instructions (e.g., software stored on a tangible, non-temporary, computer-readable storage medium such as a computer hard drive, ROM, RAM, etc.) to perform the operations described herein. The hardware may include a state machine circuit configuration wired and connected to perform the functions described herein. Optionally, the hardware may include electronic circuits including and / or connected to one or more logic-based devices such as microprocessors, processors, controllers, etc. Optionally, control unit 118 may represent a processing circuit configuration such as one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), microprocessors, etc. The circuits in various examples may be configured to execute one or more algorithms to perform the functions described herein. One or more algorithms may include embodiments of the examples disclosed herein, whether or not they are explicitly identified in a flowchart or by method.

[0048] As used herein, the terms “software” and “firmware” are interchangeable and include any computer program stored in a data storage unit (e.g., one or more memories) including RAM memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, and non-volatile RAM (NVRAM) memory for execution on a computer. The types of data storage units described herein are merely illustrative and therefore not limiting to the types of memory that may be used to store computer programs.

[0049] Figure 4 shows a first side view (such as the bottom or top) of a UV lamp 104 according to an example of the present disclosure. The UV lamp 104 includes a housing 124 that holds a plurality of UV light emitters 106 configured to emit UV light through an opening 312. As shown, the UV lamp 104 includes a first plurality of UV light emitters 106a and a second plurality of UV light emitters 106b. The first plurality of UV light emitters 106a are housed in a first sub-housing 332, and the second plurality of UV light emitters 106b are housed in a second sub-housing 334, which is different from the first sub-housing 332. Each of the first sub-housing 332 and the second sub-housing 334 may contain more or fewer UV light emitters 106 than shown. Optionally, the UV lamp 104 may include a single sub-housing that holds all of the UV light emitters 106. In at least one example, the UV lamp 104 may include a single UV light emitter 106, or instead multiple UV light emitters 106. The UV lamp 104 shown in Figure 4 is merely an example. The UV lamp 104 can be of a different size and shape than that shown in Figure 4.

[0050] In at least one example, the pressure sensor 122 is fixed to the housing 124. Thus, the UV lamp 104 may include the pressure sensor 122. In at least one other example, the pressure sensor 122 is separate from the UV lamp 104 and is a distinct component.

[0051] In at least one example, the temperature sensor 126 is fixed to the housing 124. This allows the UV lamp 104 to include the temperature sensor 126. In at least another example, the temperature sensor 126 is separate from the UV lamp 104 and is a distinct component.

[0052] In at least one example, the UV lamp 104 includes a control unit 118. For example, the control unit 118 can be housed within a housing 124. In at least one other example, the control unit 118 is separate from the UV lamp 104 and is a distinct entity.

[0053] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a second side (opposite to the first side) of a UV lamp 104 according to an example of the present disclosure. The housing 124 has an air inlet 350 and at least one air outlet 352. Air 354 is drawn into the housing 124 to cool the electrodes 108 and the UV light emitter 106 (for example, shown in Figure 1) and exits through the air outlet 352. As shown, the air inlet 350 can be larger than the air outlet 352. For example, the air inlet 350 is at least twice the size of the air outlet 352. If air 354 is drawn into the housing 124 through the larger air inlet 350 faster than air 354 can escape through the smaller air outlet 352, the air pressure inside the UV lamp 104 can be increased.

[0054] Figure 6 shows a first side perspective view of a UV lamp 104 coupled to a blower 116 according to an example of the present disclosure. Figure 7 shows a second side perspective view of a UV lamp 104 coupled to a blower 116. Referring to Figures 5 to 7, the outlet 370 of the blower 116 is connected to the air inlet 350. As described with respect to Figure 1, the control unit 118 is configured to control the blower 116 to increase the air pressure inside the UV lamp 104, for example, by increasing the fan speed of the blower 116 to draw more air 354 into the housing 124 at a speed faster than the air 354 is exiting the air outlet 352.

[0055] Figure 8 shows a perspective front view of an aircraft 410 according to an example of the present disclosure. The aircraft 410 includes, for example, a propulsion system 412 including engines 414. Optionally, the propulsion system 412 may include more engines 414 than shown. The engines 414 are supported by the wings 416 of the aircraft 410. In other examples, the engines 414 may be supported by a fuselage 418 and / or a tail section 420. The tail section 420 may also support horizontal stabilizers 422 and vertical stabilizers 424.

[0056] The fuselage 418 of the aircraft 410 defines an interior cabin 430, which includes a flight deck or cockpit, one or more work sections (e.g., a galley, a carry-on baggage area for crew members, etc.), one or more passenger sections (e.g., first class, business class, and coach sections), one or more toilets, etc. The interior cabin 430 includes one or more toilet systems, toilet units, or toilets, as described herein. The interior cabin 430 is an example of the environment 102 shown in Figure 1.

[0057] The examples of this disclosure are used within an interior passenger cabin 430. Alternatively, the examples of this disclosure may be used with various other vehicles instead of aircraft, such as automobiles, buses, locomotives and train cars, and ships. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure may be used with fixed structures, such as commercial or residential buildings.

[0058] Figure 9A shows a plan view of an aircraft interior cabin 430 according to an example of the present disclosure. The interior cabin 430 may be located within the fuselage 432 of an aircraft, such as the fuselage 418 in Figure 8. For example, one or more fuselage walls may define the interior cabin 430. The interior cabin 430 has several sections, including a forward section 433, a first-class section 434, a business-class section 436, a forward galley station 438, an extended economy or coach section 440, a standard economy section 442 for a coach, and a rear section 444 which may include multiple toilets and galley stations. Naturally, the interior cabin 430 may include more or fewer sections than shown. For example, the interior cabin 430 may not include a first-class section and may include more or fewer galley stations than shown. Each section may be separated by a cabin transition area 446 which may include a class partition assembly between aisles 448.

[0059] As shown in Figure 9A, the interior passenger compartment 430 includes two passages 450 and 452 leading to the aft section 444. Optionally, the interior passenger compartment 430 may have fewer or more passages than shown. For example, the interior passenger compartment 430 may include a single passage extending through the center of the interior passenger compartment 430 and leading to the aft section 444.

[0060] Passageways 448, 450, and 452 extend to an exit passage or door passage 460. An exit door 462 is located at the end of the exit passage 460. The exit passage 460 may be perpendicular to passageways 448, 450, and 452. An interior passenger compartment 430 may include more exit passages 460 in locations other than those shown. Examples of this disclosure shown and described with respect to Figures 1 to 7 may be used within an interior passenger compartment 430.

[0061] Figure 9B shows a plan view of an aircraft interior cabin 480 according to an example of the present disclosure. The interior cabin 480 is an example of the interior cabin 430 shown in Figure 8. The interior cabin 480 may be located within the fuselage 481 of the aircraft. For example, one or more fuselage walls may define the interior cabin 480. The interior cabin 480 includes several sections, including a main cabin 482 having passenger seats 483 and a rear section 485 behind the main cabin 482. Naturally, the interior cabin 480 may include more or fewer sections than shown.

[0062] The interior passenger compartment 480 may include a single aisle 484 leading to the aft section 485. The single aisle 484 may extend through the center of the interior passenger compartment 480 leading to the aft section 485. For example, the single aisle 484 may be aligned coaxially with the central longitudinal plane of the interior passenger compartment 480.

[0063] The passageway 484 extends to an exit passageway or door passageway 490. An exit door 492 is located at the end of the exit passageway 490. The exit passageway 490 may be perpendicular to the passageway 484. The interior passenger compartment 480 may include more exit passageways than those shown. Examples of the present disclosure shown and described with respect to Figures 1 to 7 may be used within the interior passenger compartment 480.

[0064] Figure 10 shows an internal perspective view of an aircraft cabin 500 according to an example of the present disclosure. The cabin 500 includes an outer wall 502 connected to a ceiling 504. Windows 506 may be formed within the outer wall 502. The floor 508 supports rows of seats 510. As shown in Figure 10, a row 512 may include two seats 510 on either side of an aisle 513. However, a row 512 may include more or fewer seats 510 than shown. Furthermore, the cabin 500 may include more aisles than shown.

[0065] The passenger service unit (PSU) 514 is fixed between the outer walls 502 on both sides of the aisle 513 and the ceiling 504. The PSU 514 extends between the front and rear ends of the interior passenger compartment 500. For example, the PSU 514 may be positioned above each seat 510 in a row 512. Each PSU 514 may include a housing 516 which generally includes vents, reading lights, oxygen bag drop panels, attendant request buttons, and other such controls for each seat 510 (or group of seats) in a row 512.

[0066] The overhead storage bin assemblies 518 are fixed to the ceiling 504 and / or outer walls 502 above and inside the PSU 514 on both sides of the aisle 513. The overhead storage bin assemblies 518 are fixed above the seats 510. The overhead storage bin assemblies 518 extend between the front and rear ends of the interior passenger compartment 500. Each storage bin assembly 518 may include a pivot bin or bucket 520 that is pivotably fixed to the strongback (not visible in Figure 10). The overhead storage bin assemblies 518 may be positioned above and inside the underside of the PSU 514. The overhead storage bin assemblies 518 are configured to pivot and open, for example, to receive passengers' carry-on baggage and personal items.

[0067] Examples of the present disclosure shown and described with respect to Figures 1 to 7 can be used in an interior guest room 500. An interior guest room 500 is an example of the environment 102 shown in Figure 1.

[0068] Furthermore, this disclosure includes examples provided in the following clauses.

[0069] Clause 1. A system, A UV lamp comprising one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters coupled to electrodes, wherein the UV light emitters are configured to emit UV light into the environment, A power supply connected to a UV lamp, wherein the power supply is configured to supply power to the UV lamp, and A pressure sensor that detects the ambient air pressure in the environment, A temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature in the environment, A control unit configured to analyze atmospheric pressure data and ambient temperature data in relation to the dielectric breakdown voltage of a UV lamp, further configured to modify at least one aspect of the UV lamp in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage. A system that includes these features.

[0070] Clause 2. The environment is the interior cabin of the vehicle, as described in Clause 1.

[0071] Clause 3. The system according to Clause 1 or 2, wherein the control unit communicates with a power supply, and at least one aspect of the UV lamp includes power supplied to the UV lamp from the power supply.

[0072] Clause 4. The system according to any one of Clauses 1 to 3, further comprising a blower coupled to a UV lamp, wherein a control unit communicates with the blower, the blower is configured to supply cooling air to the UV lamp, at least one aspect of the UV lamp includes air pressure within the UV lamp, and the control unit is configured to adaptively control the blower to change the air pressure within the UV lamp.

[0073] Clause 5. The system described in Clause 4, wherein the UV lamp is provided with a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, and the blower is coupled to the air inlet.

[0074] Clause 6. The air inlet is larger than the air outlet, as described in Clause 5.

[0075] Clause 7. The system according to any one of Clauses 1 to 6, further comprising one or more actuators coupled to electrodes, the one or more actuators configured to adjust the distance between electrodes, and a control unit communicating with one or more actuators, with at least one aspect including the distance between electrodes.

[0076] Clause 8. A UV lamp is a system described in any one of Clauses 1 to 7, including one or more pressure sensors, temperature sensors, or control units.

[0077] Clause 9. The system described in Clause 8, in which either or both of the pressure sensor or temperature sensor are fixed to the housing of the UV lamp.

[0078] Article 10. Method, A control unit analyzes the dielectric breakdown voltage of a UV lamp, which includes one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters coupled to electrodes, with respect to ambient pressure detected by a pressure sensor and ambient temperature detected by a temperature sensor, wherein the UV light emitters are configured to emit UV light into the environment; The control unit modifies at least one aspect of the UV lamp in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage. Methods that include...

[0079] Clause 11. The environment is the interior cabin of the vehicle, as described in Clause 10.

[0080] Clause 12. The method according to Clause 10 or 11, wherein at least one aspect of the UV lamp includes power supplied to the UV lamp from a power source.

[0081] Clause 13. The method according to any one of Clauses 10 to 12, wherein at least one aspect of the UV lamp includes air pressure within the UV lamp, and the modifying step includes adaptively controlling a blower to change the air pressure within the UV lamp.

[0082] Clause 14. The method according to any one of Clauses 10 to 13, wherein at least one aspect includes a spacing between electrodes.

[0083] Clause 15. A UV lamp comprising one or more pressure sensors, temperature sensors, or control units, as described in any one of Clauses 10 to 14.

[0084] Clause 16. The method according to Clause 15, wherein one or both of the pressure sensor and / or temperature sensor are fixed to the housing of the UV lamp.

[0085] Clause 17. A system, A UV lamp comprising one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters coupled to electrodes and actuators coupled to electrodes, wherein the UV light emitters are configured to emit UV light into the environment and the actuators are configured to adjust the distance between electrodes, A power supply coupled to a UV lamp, the power supply being configured to supply power to the UV lamp, and A blower coupled to a UV lamp, the blower being configured to supply cooling air to the UV lamp, A pressure sensor that detects the ambient air pressure in the environment, A temperature sensor that detects the ambient temperature in the environment, A control unit for analyzing atmospheric pressure data and ambient temperature data in relation to the dielectric breakdown voltage of a UV lamp, further configured to modify the configuration of the UV lamp in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage. Equipped with, The control unit communicates with the power supply, and the UV lamp configuration includes the power supplied from the power supply to the UV lamp. The control unit communicates with the blower, and the configuration of the UV lamp further includes the air pressure inside the UV lamp, and the control unit is configured to adaptively control the blower to change the air pressure inside the UV lamp. The control unit communicates with one or more actuators, and the configuration includes the spacing between electrodes.

[0086] Clause 18. The environment is the interior cabin of the vehicle, as described in Clause 17.

[0087] Clause 19. The system according to Clause 17 or 18, wherein the UV lamp comprises a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, and the blower is coupled to the air inlet, the air inlet being larger than the air outlet as specified herein.

[0088] Clause 20. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are fixed to the UV lamp housing in the system described in any one of Clauses 17 to 19.

[0089] As described herein, examples of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for reducing potential arc discharge in UV lamps. Furthermore, examples of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for adapting the operation of UV lamps at various altitudes and atmospheric pressures.

[0090] To illustrate the examples in this disclosure, various terms describing space and direction, such as top, bottom, lower, middle, side, horizontal, vertical, and front, may be used, but naturally, such terms are used simply in relation to the orientation shown in the figures. Directions can be reversed, rotated, or otherwise changed, such as top becoming bottom or vice versa, or horizontal becoming vertical.

[0091] Structures, constraints, or elements used herein that are "configured to" perform a task or action are, in particular, structurally formed, constructed, or adapted to correspond to a task or action. For the purpose of clarity and to avoid misunderstanding, objects that are merely modifiable to perform a task or action are not "configured to" perform a task or action as used herein.

[0092] Naturally, the above description is illustrative and not limiting. For example, the above examples (and / or embodiments thereof) can be used in combination with each other. Furthermore, many modifications can be made to adapt specific situations or materials to the teachings of the various examples of this disclosure without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to define the parameters of the various examples of this disclosure, but these examples are not limiting and are illustrative. Many other examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the above description. Therefore, the scope of the various examples of this disclosure should be determined by reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims and the detailed description herein, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as plain-English equivalents to the terms “comprising” and “wherein,” respectively. Furthermore, terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” are used merely as labels and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their subjects.

[0093] This document uses examples to illustrate various examples of the disclosure, including the best mode, and also to enable anyone skilled in the art to practice the various examples of the disclosure, including the manufacture and use of any device or system, and the execution of any incorporated method. The claimed scope of the various examples of the disclosure is defined by the claims and may include other examples that a person skilled in the art can conceive. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that are not different from the language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that are substantially different from the language of the claims. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0094] 100 Sterilization Systems 102 Environment 104 UV lamp 106 UV light emitter 106a First set of UV light emitters 106b Second set of UV light emitters 108 electrode 110 UV light 112 components 114 Power supply 116 Blower 118 Control Unit 120 memory 122 Pressure Sensor 124 Housing 126 Temperature Sensor 128 Pressure signal 130 Temperature signal 134 Actuator 312 Opening 332 First sub-housing 334 Second sub-housing 350 Air Inlet 352 Air outlet 354 Air 370 Exit 410 Aircraft 412 Propulsion System 414 Engine 416 Wings 418 Torso 420 Tail 422 Horizontal stabilizer 424 Vertical Stabilizer 430 Interior Guest Rooms 432 Torso 433 Front Section 434 First Class Section 436 Business Class Section 438 Front Cooking Station 440 Extended Economy or Coach Section Standard economy section of Coach 442 444 Rear section 446 cabin transition area 448 Passageway 450 aisle 452 aisle 460 Exit route or doorway 462 Exit Door 480 Interior Guest Rooms 481 Torso 482 Main guest room 483 passenger seats 484 Single passage 485 Rear section 490 Exit route or doorway 492 Exit Door 500 interior guest rooms 502 Outside wall 504 Ceiling 506 windows 508 floors 510 seats Column 512 513 Passage 514 Passenger Service Unit (PSU) 516 Housing 518 Overhead Storage Bin Assembly 520 Pivoting bin or bucket

Claims

1. System (100), A UV lamp (104) comprising one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters (106) coupled to electrodes, wherein the UV light emitters (106) are configured to emit UV light (110) into the environment, A power supply (114) coupled to the UV lamp (104), wherein the power supply (114) is configured to supply power to the UV lamp (104), A pressure sensor (122) for detecting the ambient air pressure within the aforementioned environment, A temperature sensor (126) that detects the ambient temperature within the aforementioned environment, A control unit (118) analyzes the atmospheric pressure data and ambient temperature data in relation to the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp (104). Equipped with, The control unit (118) is further configured to modify at least one aspect of the UV lamp (104) in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature, which result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage, in the system (100).

2. The system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the environment is the interior passenger compartment of a vehicle.

3. The system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the control unit (118) communicates with the power supply (114), and at least one aspect of the UV lamp (104) includes power supplied to the UV lamp (104) from the power supply (114).

4. The system (100) according to claim 1, further comprising a blower (116) coupled to the UV lamp (104), wherein the control unit (118) communicates with the blower (116), the blower (116) is configured to supply cooling air to the UV lamp (104), at least one aspect of the UV lamp (104) includes air pressure within the UV lamp (104), and the control unit (118) is configured to adaptively control the blower (116) to change the air pressure within the UV lamp (104).

5. The system (100) according to claim 4, wherein the UV lamp (104) comprises a housing (124) having an air inlet and an air outlet, and the blower (116) is coupled to the air inlet.

6. The system (100) according to claim 5, wherein the air inlet is larger than the air outlet.

7. The system (100) according to claim 1, further comprising one or more actuators (134) coupled to the electrodes, the one or more actuators (134) configured to adjust the distance between the electrodes, the control unit (118) communicating with the one or more actuators (134), and at least one aspect includes the distance between the electrodes.

8. The system (100) according to claim 1, wherein the UV lamp (104) includes one or more of the pressure sensor (122), the temperature sensor (126), or the control unit (118).

9. The system (100) according to claim 8, wherein one or both of the pressure sensor (122) or the temperature sensor (126) are fixed to the housing (124) of the UV lamp (104).

10. It is a method, A control unit (118) analyzes the ambient atmospheric pressure detected by a pressure sensor (122) and the ambient temperature detected by a temperature sensor (126) with respect to the dielectric breakdown voltage of a UV lamp (104) including one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters (106) coupled to electrodes, wherein the UV light emitters (106) are configured to emit UV light (110) into the environment; The control unit (118) modifies at least one aspect of the UV lamp (104) in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage. Methods that include...

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the environment is the interior passenger compartment of a vehicle.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein at least one aspect of the UV lamp (104) includes power supplied to the UV lamp (104) from a power source (114).

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein at least one aspect of the UV lamp (104) includes air pressure within the UV lamp (104), and the modifying step includes adaptively controlling a blower (116) to change the air pressure within the UV lamp (104).

14. The method according to claim 10, wherein at least one aspect includes a spacing between electrodes.

15. The method according to claim 10, wherein the UV lamp (104) includes one or more of the pressure sensor (122), the temperature sensor (126), or the control unit (118).

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein one or both of the pressure sensor (122) or the temperature sensor (126) are fixed to the housing (124) of the UV lamp (104).

17. System (100), A UV lamp (104) comprising one or more ultraviolet (UV) light emitters (106) coupled to electrodes and actuators (134) coupled to the electrodes, wherein the UV light emitters (106) are configured to emit UV light (110) into the environment, and the actuators (134) are configured to adjust the distance between the electrodes, A power supply (114) coupled to the UV lamp (104), wherein the power supply (114) is configured to supply power to the UV lamp (104), A blower (116) is coupled to the UV lamp (104), and the blower (116) is configured to supply cooling air to the UV lamp (104). A pressure sensor (122) for detecting the ambient air pressure within the aforementioned environment, A temperature sensor (126) that detects the ambient temperature within the aforementioned environment, A control unit (118) analyzes atmospheric pressure data and ambient temperature data in relation to the dielectric breakdown voltage of the UV lamp (104), wherein the control unit (118) is further configured to modify the configuration of the UV lamp (104) in response to ambient pressure and ambient temperature that result in a dielectric breakdown threshold lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage. Equipped with, The control unit (118) communicates with the power supply (114), and the embodiment of the UV lamp (104) includes power supplied to the UV lamp (104) from the power supply (114). The control unit (118) communicates with the blower (116), the embodiment of the UV lamp (104) further includes the air pressure inside the UV lamp (104), and the control unit (118) is configured to adaptively control the blower (116) to change the air pressure inside the UV lamp (104), The control unit (118) communicates with the one or more actuators (134), and the embodiment includes the spacing between the electrodes, in a system (100).

18. The system (100) according to claim 17, wherein the environment is the interior passenger compartment of a vehicle.

19. The system (100) according to claim 17, wherein the UV lamp (104) comprises a housing (124) having an air inlet and an air outlet, and the blower (116) is coupled to the air inlet, and the air inlet is larger than the air outlet.

20. The system (100) according to claim 17, wherein the pressure sensor (122) and the temperature sensor (126) are fixed to the housing (124) of the UV lamp (104).

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