PORTABLE, POST-INSERTABLE, AND MPPT-CONTROLLED WIRELESS POWER DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE-RANGE WIRELESS CHARGING APPLICATIONS.

Abstract

This invention relates to a portable, modular and retrofittable wireless power transfer system that can be used in wireless power transfer and charging applications where the air gap distance, alignment, magnetic coupling or load conditions between the transmitter and receiver units can vary. The system comprises a transmitter unit (11) and a receiver unit (12) that can be mounted on the device, vehicle or equipment to receive the power. The transmitter unit consists of an AC power supply (1), an AC-DC rectifier (2), a DC-DC converter (3), a high-frequency inverter (4) and a transmitter coil (5). The receiver unit comprises a transmitter coil (5) and a receiver coil (6) with variable air gap distance (13) between them, an AC-DC rectifier (7), a DC-DC power converter (8), an adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) and a battery or DC load connection interface (10).The adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) calculates the transmitted power by continuously measuring the voltage and current values ​​on the receiver side and updates the operating duty cycle of the DC-DC power converter (8) depending on changes in air gap distance, alignment, magnetic coupling or load conditions. Thus, the system maintains its transmission performance by operating close to the maximum power transfer operating point under variable operating conditions. The invention is applicable to electric vehicles, electric bicycles, scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, robotic systems, AGV / AMR systems, portable electronic devices and other electrical or electronic systems requiring variable range wireless power transfer.

Description

1 TARIFF FOR VARIABLE-RANGE WIRELESS CHARGING APPLICATIONS. PORTABLE, POSSIBLE TO INSTALL, AND MPPT CONTROLLED. WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 5 Technological Field This invention relates to wireless power transmission systems, resonant or inductive wireless charging. systems, power electronics, embedded control systems, battery charging systems and 10 It relates to variable-range wireless energy transmission fields. More specifically, the invention, the air gap distance between the transmitter and receiver units, alignment, magnetic coupling or Portable, modular, suitable for applications where load conditions can vary. retrofittable and adaptive maximum power transfer controlled wireless power transfer. It is related to the system. 15 The invention relates to electric vehicles, electric bicycles, scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, and robotics. systems, AGV / AMR systems, portable electronic devices, industrial automation equipment, sensor systems, battery management systems and variable range 20 in other electrical or electronic systems requiring wireless power transfer It is applicable. State of the Art Wireless power transmission systems transmit electrical energy without a physical cable connection. without using electromagnetic coupling between transmitter and receiver units These are known as technologies that enable energy transfer. In these systems, energy is transferred to the transmitter. power electronics circuits on that side and high-frequency alternating current is converted to a receiver via the magnetic field generated by the transmitter coil. The current is transferred to the coil and rectified at the receiver side, where it is converted to 30 volts of battery or DC load. It is adapted to the required working conditions. Resonant or inductive power transmission, coil design, compensation topologies, alignment tolerance, 2 electromagnetic field management, power electronics converters and control methods This is one of the known areas of study in this technical field. A significant portion of current wireless charging systems are based on a specific device geometry and fixed design. Coil placement, specific air gap distance, and predefined alignment conditions 5 It is designed for this purpose. In many applications, the transmitter unit is placed on the ground or on a specific platform. It is fixed in place, while the receiver unit is integrated into the relevant device or vehicle during the manufacturing process. This structure allows for retrofitting to existing devices, enabling different uses. adaptable and portable wireless power transmission solutions This can limit its spread. 10 Changing the air gap distance between the transmitter and receiver coils causes the coils to... misalignment, device height variation, or magnetic coupling. The decrease in the coefficient reduces the voltage induced on the receiver side, the reflected impedance, and the transmitted voltage. It can change the power and the operating point of the system. As a result of these changes, 15 The system can deviate from the predetermined operating conditions and the transmitted power This problem can decrease. The issue in question is related to different parking positions and vehicles in electric vehicles. altitude variations, landing tolerances in drone applications, robotic systems mobile usage conditions and positioning differences in portable devices It is becoming more pronounced. 20 Some of the known control approaches rely on a fixed duty cycle or variable coupling and They rely on methods that offer limited adaptation to load conditions. These methods, Maximum power transmission operation depending on changes in operating conditions. It may not be able to provide adequate real-time monitoring of the point. This 25 Therefore, the receiver requires varying air gap, alignment, magnetic coupling, and load conditions. using electrical measurements on its side, determine the operating task of the power converter. Portable and attachable wireless power that can adaptively update its rate. Transmission systems are needed. 3 Description of the Invention The invention relates to air gap distance between transmitter and receiver units, alignment, and magnetic fields. Wireless power transmission and charging where coupling or load conditions can vary. a portable, modular and attachable wireless 5 that can be used in applications It offers a power transmission system. The system uses high-frequency power generated on the transmitter side. transferring energy to the receiver side via a magnetic field and obtaining energy at the receiver side energy suitable for the operating conditions required by battery or DC loads It is organized in this way. The key feature of the invention is the adaptive maximum power transmission control located on the receiver side. The unit calculates the power transferred from the measured voltage and current values ​​and DC-DC This is the real-time update of the power converter's operating duty cycle. control, air gap distance, alignment, magnetic coupling or load conditions During changes, the system should operate close to its maximum power transfer operating point. 15 It provides. The system includes a portable transmitter unit, a retrofittable receiver unit, and power electronics. converters, coils, adaptive control unit and battery or DC load 20 connection interfaces for different power levels and different device structures It is adaptable. Therefore, the invention can be used in electric vehicles, electric bicycles, scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, robotic systems, AGV / AMR systems, portable electronic devices and other devices requiring variable-range wireless power transfer It can be used in electrical or electronic systems. The portable transmitter unit can be placed on different surfaces, platforms, charging areas, or for use. They can be placed at these points; the receiver unit is the device, vehicle or equipment that will receive the energy. It can be assembled later. Thus, the system eliminates the need for physical cabling. reducing mechanical connector wear and tear, and variable range wireless It offers a scalable solution for energy transfer. 30 4 The invention relates to distance, alignment, magnetic coupling, and charge between transmitter and receiver units. in wireless power transmission systems where changes occur in conditions It offers a general device and control architecture that can be implemented. Adaptive maximum power transmission control is limited to a specific control or optimization algorithm. It is not. 5 Explaining the Figures The invention will be described by referring to the attached figures, so that the features of the invention can be explained. will be understood and appreciated more clearly, but the purpose of this invention is not to reveal this particular 10 It is not about limiting it with regulations. On the contrary, the invention is defined by the accompanying claims. all alternatives, modifications, and options that could be included within the defined area The aim is to cover their equivalences. The details shown are only for the present invention. It is shown to illustrate the preferred arrangements and both the methods the shaping of both the rules and conceptual features of the invention in the most useful way It should be understood that they are presented to provide a readily understandable definition. This in the drawings; Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the system. Explanation of References 1. AC power supply 2. AC-DC rectifier 3. DC-DC converter 25 4. High-frequency inverter 5. Transmitter coil 6. Receiver coil 7. Receiver side AC-DC rectifier 8. Receiver side DC-DC power converter 30 9. Adaptive maximum power transmission control unit 10. Battery or DC load connection interface 11. Transmitter unit 12. Receiver unit 13. Air gap distance Description of the Invention 5 The invention relates to the distance of the air gap between the transmitter and receiver units, alignment, Wireless power transmission and charging where magnetic coupling or load conditions can change. a portable, modular and retrofittable wireless system that can be used in various applications. It relates to the power transmission system. 10 The invention describes a device that can be placed on the ground, a charging platform, or a suitable surface for use. the transmitter unit (11) and a suitable part of the device, vehicle or equipment that will receive the power. It includes a mountable receiver unit (12). The transmitter unit (11) is powered by AC power. its source (1), AC-DC rectifier (2), DC-DC converter (3), high frequency 15 It includes the inverter (4) and the transmitter coil (5). Alternating current taken from the AC power source (1) is converted to AC-DC by means of the AC-DC rectifier (2). is converted into current. The resulting direct current is converted to high current by DC-DC converter (3). It is adjusted according to the operating level required by the frequency inverter (4). High 20 frequency inverter (4), converts regulated direct current to high frequency alternating current It converts and applies to the transmitter coil (5). The transmitter coil (5) transmits wireless energy. It creates the variable magnetic field necessary for the transmission. The air gap distance (13) between the receiver unit (12) and the transmitter coil (5) is variable 25 the receiver coil (6), AC-DC rectifier (7), DC-DC power converter (8), adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) and battery or direct current load It includes the connection interface (10). The magnetic field created by the transmitter coil (5) electromagnetic field, air gap distance (13) in the receiver coil (6) It generates alternating electrical energy through induction. 30 6 The alternating current obtained in the receiver coil (6) is converted by the AC-DC rectifier (7) is converted to current. Rectified direct current, DC-DC power converter (8) with a voltage and power level suitable for the battery or DC load required. It is arranged in this way. Regulated energy, battery or DC load connection. via interface (10) to the relevant battery, battery management system or direct current 5 It is being transferred to the cargo. Adaptive maximum power transmission control unit (9), voltage and current on the receiver side It continuously measures the values, calculates the transmitted power, and performs DC-DC power measurements. It updates the operating duty cycle of the converter (8). The transferred power, Pout = 10 It can be calculated using the equation Vdc × Idc. Control unit (9), air gap distance (13), alignment between coils, magnetic coupling or load conditions adaptive duty cycle of DC-DC power converter (8) depending on changes redefining the system in this way; thus, the maximum power transfer operation of the system It ensures that it works close to the point. 15 The invention relates to electric vehicles, electric bicycles, scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, and robotics. systems, AGV / AMR systems, portable electronic devices, and transmitters and receivers. in other electrical or electronic systems where the distance between them can vary It is applicable. Figure 1 shows an example of an electric vehicle application. 20 However, the invention is not limited to this application. During system operation, voltage, current, temperature, alignment status and other operating parameters are monitored. Parameters such as fault, overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, and misalignment can be monitored. If the power transmission breaks down or the predetermined safety limits are exceeded, 25 It can be restricted or stopped. Detailed Description of the Invention The invention reduces power loss occurring in variable-range wireless power transmission by 30 a portable, modular and attachable wireless system developed to reduce... It is a power transmission system. Figure 1 shows an example of the system's application in electric vehicles. 7 The arrangement is shown. However, the transmitter unit (11) and receiver of the system unit (12) for different devices that need variable range wireless energy transfer, It can be adapted to vehicles or equipment. The transmitter unit (11) receives 5 of the energy from the grid or a suitable AC power source. It enables the conversion of energy into high-frequency energy that can be transmitted wirelessly. The AC power supply (1) constitutes the primary energy input of the system. AC-DC rectifier (2) converts the input alternating current to direct current. DC-DC converter (3), rectified DC voltage according to the operating requirements of the high frequency inverter (4) It regulates. The high-frequency inverter (4) regulates the direct current to high 10 It converts the high-frequency alternating current into a high-frequency current. This high-frequency current is then fed into the transmitter coil. (5) variable magnetic field which enables wireless energy transfer by applying. It constitutes. The receiving unit (12) receives the energy transmitted by the transmitting unit (11) and 15 It is responsible for converting the energy into usable direct current. Receiver coil (6), magnetically through the air gap distance (13) between the transmitter coil (5) and it. It is coupled and the magnetic field created by the transmitter coil is electromagnetic. It converts high-frequency alternating current into electrical energy through induction. Increasing or decreasing the air gap distance (13) improves the alignment between the coils. change or decrease of magnetic coupling; induced voltage in the receiver coil (6), It can change the transmitted power and the operating point of the system. Therefore, the system, Unlike traditional wireless power transmission systems that operate with a fixed duty cycle It includes an adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) on the receiver side. 25 The alternating current produced in the receiver coil (6) is rectified by the AC-DC rectifier (7). is converted into current. The obtained DC energy is converted into current by a DC-DC power converter (8) is regulated by and connected to the battery or DC load connection interface (10) is transferred. The connection interface (10) is transferred to the battery of the device that will receive the power, battery 30 electrical connection compatible with the control system or DC load It provides. 8 Adaptive maximum power transmission control unit (9), voltage and current on the receiver side It monitors these values ​​and calculates the power transferred from these values. Control unit (9) operating task of the DC-DC power converter (8) according to the calculated power value. It updates the ratio. This update process includes air gap distance (13), alignment, This is repeated with changes occurring in magnetic coupling or load conditions; 5 Thus the system operates in a region close to the maximum power transfer operating point. is being held. The control unit (9) is not limited to a specific control or optimization algorithm, Based on the measurements at the receiver side, the duty cycle of the DC-DC power converter (8) is 10 This can be achieved through various control methods that can be updated adaptively. The system monitors voltage, current, temperature, alignment, and other safety factors during energy transfer. It can monitor parameters such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, and misalignment. malfunction, power transmission failure or exceeding specified safety limits 15 In this situation, the system can reduce or completely stop the energy transfer. This invention enables variable distance and variable range between transmitter and receiver units. Safe, controlled, and high-performance wireless energy in magnetic coupling conditions. It provides the transfer.

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1. The invention describes a portable, subsequently designed wireless charging system for variable-range charging applications. It is a pluggable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system; its features include:  an AC power supply providing alternating current (1), 5  an AC-DC rectifier (2) that converts the alternating current to direct current,  a DC-DC converter (3) that converts the voltage level of direct current,  a high-frequency converter that converts direct current to high-frequency alternating current inverter (4),  A transmitter that wirelessly transmits energy using high-frequency alternating current 10 coil (5),  energy transferred from the transmitter coil (5) variable air gap distance (13) a receiver coil (6),  a receiver that converts the alternating current induced in the receiver coil (6) to direct current. side AC-DC rectifier (7), 15  a receiver that performs power conversion of the direct current obtained at the receiving end side DC-DC power converter (8),  Determines the power transmitted from the electrical values ​​on the receiver side and is determined by operating duty cycle of the receiver side DC-DC power converter (8) according to the power an adaptive maximum power transmission control unit (9) and 20 that adaptively determine the power.  a battery that electrically transmits the converted direct current power or It consists of a direct current load connection interface (10). 2- Portable for variable-range wireless charging applications as mentioned in Claim 1, It is a retrofittable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system, featuring AC 25V. power supply (1), AC-DC rectifier (2), DC-DC converter (3), high by housing the frequency inverter (4) and transmitter coil (5), ground, charge modular transmitter that can be placed on the platform or in the area of ​​use in a portable manner It is characterized by having a unit (11). 3- Portable for variable-range wireless charging applications as mentioned in Claim 1, It is a retrofittable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system, and its feature is the receiver. coil (6), receiver side AC-DC rectifier (7), receiver side DC-DC power converter (8), adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) and battery or will receive energy by incorporating the direct current load connection interface (10). with a receiver unit (12) that can be retrofitted to the device, vehicle or equipment It is characterized. 5 4- Portable for variable range wireless charging applications as mentioned in Claim 1, It is a retrofittable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system, the feature of which is; regulated direct current power to a battery, battery management system and / or battery or DC load connection 10 that electrically transfers to a DC load It is characterized by having an interface (10). 5- Portable for variable-range wireless charging applications as mentioned in Claim 1, It is a retrofittable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system, and its feature is the receiver. by measuring the instantaneous voltage and current values ​​on its side, it calculates the transmitted power and 15 According to the calculated power, the working task of the receiver side DC-DC power converter (8) with having an adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) which updates the ratio It is the characterization of the situation. 6- Portable, 20 for variable range wireless charging applications mentioned in Claim 5. It is a retrofittable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system; its feature is airborne. The spacing distance (13), the alignment between the transmitter coil (5) and the receiver coil (6), magnetic By evaluating the change in coupling and / or load conditions, the receiver side DC-DC power adaptive maximum power which redefines the operating duty cycle of the converter (8) It is characterized by having a transmission control unit (9). 25 7- Portable for variable range wireless charging applications as mentioned in Claim 1, It is a retrofittable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery system, the feature of which is; sensors that detect voltage, current, battery temperature and / or alignment status, and The subject is to keep the data received from the sensors within predetermined safety limits of 30 by comparison errors, overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature and / or misalignment. 11 adaptive maximum that limits or stops energy transfer if determined It is characterized by containing the power transmission control unit (9). 8- The invention is a portable, subsequently designed wireless charging system for variable range charging applications. It is a pluggable and MPPT-controlled wireless power delivery method, and its feature is; 5  In the transmitter unit (11) direct current to high frequency alternating current transformation,  through the transmitter coil (5) which is fed with high frequency alternating current energy through variable air gap distance (13) to the receiver coil (6) transfer, 10  Conversion of alternating current induced in the receiver coil (6) to direct current,  Measuring the voltage and current values ​​on the receiver side,  Calculating the transferred power from the measured voltage and current values ​​and  According to the calculated power, the receiver side DC-DC power converter (8) operation duty cycle by adaptive maximum power transmission control unit (9) 15 The update process includes the following steps. 9- The method mentioned in claim 8, its characteristic is; air gap distance (13), transmitter coil Alignment between (5) and receiver coil (6), magnetic coupling and / or load conditions 20 by the adaptive maximum power transfer control unit (9) of the change evaluation and DC-DC power supply to the receiver side according to the said change Re-determination of the working duty ratio of the converter (8) process steps It is characterized by its inclusion. 10- The method mentioned in claim 8, its characteristic is; voltage, current, battery temperature 25 and / or monitoring of alignment status, fault, overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature and / or identification of misalignment and at least one of these conditions If determined, the process of restricting or stopping energy transmission It is characterized by the fact that it includes steps.

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