Dual-beam antenna

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of antennas. Provided are a dual-beam antenna, which is used for solving the technical problem of mutual interference of beams. The dual-beam antenna comprises at least one antenna module (1). The antenna module (1) comprises a first polarization port (21), a second polarization port (22), a plurality of radiation units (10) that are arranged in an array, and a plurality of connection lines, wherein the array has at least two columns of radiation units (10) in a first direction and has at least one row of radiation units (10) in a second direction; each radiation unit (10) is connected to the first polarization port (21) and to the second polarization port (22) by means of the connection lines, and in at least one of the first direction and the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiation units (10) is 180 degrees; and when at least one of the first polarization port (21) and the second polarization port (22) receives a signal input, dual beams relative to the direction of the phase difference are formed. Dual beams can be formed at least by using one polarization port, and beams among the dual beams are independent of each other and do not intersect with each other, thereby avoiding mutual interference.

Description

Dual-beam antenna

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on July 12, 2023, with application number 202310859989.0 and application name “Dual Beam Antenna”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-beam antenna. Background Art

[0003] With the continuous advancement of technology, communications are developing rapidly. The growing number of mobile users is increasing network coverage density. Single-beam antennas are unable to meet user needs in areas with high channel capacity requirements. To increase channel capacity, one approach is to increase the number of antennas; another approach is to use dual-beam antennas. Using dual-beam antennas can reduce the number of antennas on the mast while still meeting channel capacity requirements. However, dual-beam antennas can interfere with each other.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-beam antenna, which is used to reduce interference between beams of the dual-beam antenna.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-beam antenna, comprising at least one antenna module, the antenna module comprising a first polarization port, a second polarization port, a plurality of spaced-apart radiating elements, and a plurality of connecting lines, the plurality of radiating elements forming an array, the array having at least two columns of radiating elements along a first direction and at least one row of radiating elements along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular;

[0007] Each of the radiation units is connected to the first polarization port and to the second polarization port via the connecting line, and along at least one of the first direction and the second direction, a phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees;

[0008] The first polarization port and the second polarization port are used to receive the signal input of the dual beam. When at least one of the first polarization port and the second polarization port receives the signal input, the multiple radiation units form a dual beam relative to the direction of the phase difference.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, along the first direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0010] And / or, along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, each of the radiating elements includes a first polarization element and a second polarization element that are cross-arranged, the plurality of connecting lines include a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line, and the antenna module further includes a first feed interface and a second feed interface corresponding to each column of the radiating elements;

[0012] A first feeding line is connected between each first feeding interface and the first polarization port, and a second feeding line is connected between each first polarization element of each corresponding column of the radiating units;

[0013] A third feeding line is connected between each second feeding interface and the second polarization port, and a fourth feeding line is connected between each second feeding interface and the second polarization element of each corresponding column of the radiation units.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the array has a row of radiation units along the second direction;

[0015] Along the first direction, the length of the first feeder line or the length of the second feeder line corresponding to the radiating unit increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna;

[0016] And / or, along the first direction, the length of the third feed line or the length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating unit increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna.

[0017] In some possible embodiments, the array has multiple rows of radiation elements along the second direction;

[0018] The lengths of the second feeder lines corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row and / or the same column increase sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the first feeder lines corresponding to the radiating elements in two adjacent columns are the same;

[0019] Alternatively, the lengths of the first feed lines corresponding to two adjacent columns of the radiation elements increase successively, the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the second feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in the same row are the same.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, the array has multiple rows of radiation elements along the second direction;

[0021] The lengths of the fourth feed lines corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row and / or the same column are increased sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the third feed lines corresponding to the radiating elements in two adjacent columns are the same;

[0022] Alternatively, the lengths of the third feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in two adjacent columns increase sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the fourth feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in the same row are the same.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, in the first direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0024] The directions θ1 of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the distance d1 between two adjacent radiating elements along the first direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna are expressed in the following formula:

[0025] In some possible embodiments, the lobe width of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction in the first direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the second direction.

[0026] In some possible embodiments, along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction;

[0027] The direction θ2 of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction, the distance d2 between two adjacent radiating elements along the second direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna are expressed as follows:

[0028] In some possible embodiments, the lobe width of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction in the first direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the second direction.

[0029] The dual-beam antenna of the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0030] The dual-beam antenna of an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one antenna module. In the antenna module, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements along at least one of the first and second directions is 180 degrees, thereby forming a dual beam. Each radiating element can be fed through one polarization port (the first polarization port or the second polarization port) to achieve a single-polarized dual beam, and can be fed through two polarization ports (the first polarization port and the second polarization port) to achieve a dual-polarized dual beam. Each beam in the dual beam is independent of each other and there is no intersection area, thereby avoiding mutual interference. In addition, the first polarization port, the second polarization port, the first feed interface, the second feed interface, the first polarization element, and the second polarization element are connected by wiring for feeding. The feeding network is simple, and there is no need to add a power cable, a Butler matrix, etc., which reduces feeding loss and saves costs.

[0031] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present invention described above, the technical features that constitute the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions, other technical problems that can be solved by the dual-beam antenna provided by the embodiments of the present invention, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-beam antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the phase of the radiation unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG3 is another schematic diagram of the phase of the radiation unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG4 is another schematic diagram of the phase of the radiation unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG5 is another schematic diagram of the phase of the radiation unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a dual-beam system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG7 is a horizontal pattern of the dual beams of FIG6;

[0039] FIG8 is a vertical pattern of the dual beams of FIG6;

[0040] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of a dual-beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] FIG10 is a horizontal pattern of the dual beams of FIG9;

[0042] FIG11 is a vertical directional diagram of the dual beam of FIG9;

[0043] FIG12 is another schematic diagram of a dual-beam system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] FIG13 is a vertical pattern of the dual beams of FIG12;

[0045] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of a dual-beam system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG15 is a vertical directional diagram of the dual beam of FIG14;

[0047] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the radiation unit and the first polarization port and the second polarization port in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] FIG19 is a schematic diagram showing the lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder of the antenna module in FIG18 ;

[0051] FIG20 is another schematic diagram of the lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder of the antenna module in FIG18 ;

[0052] FIG21 is another schematic structural diagram of an antenna module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] FIG22 is a first schematic diagram of the lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder of the antenna module in FIG21 ;

[0054] FIG23 is a second schematic diagram of the lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder of the antenna module in FIG21 ;

[0055] FIG24 is a schematic diagram showing a third length of the first feed line and the second feed line of the antenna module in FIG21 ;

[0056] FIG25 is a fourth schematic diagram showing the lengths of the first feeder and the second feeder of the antenna module in FIG21 ;

[0057] FIG. 26 is a fifth schematic diagram showing the lengths of the first feeding line and the second feeding line of the antenna module in FIG. 21 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The related art has the problem of mutual interference between the beams of dual-beam antennas. The inventors have discovered that the reason for this is that the dual beams are formed by combining two independent beams. There is an intersection area between the two beams, and the lobe (such as the sidelobe) of one beam is within the area of ​​the other beam, causing the beams to interfere with each other. In addition, to generate dual beams, a specific beamforming network needs to be added to the dual-beam antenna. The addition of the beamforming network will generate insertion loss, low gain, and occupy a certain amount of space. In addition, the dual-beam antenna adopts a dual-feed method, using one polarization port to generate one beam, which makes the feed circuit complex and costly.

[0059] An embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-beam antenna, in which each radiating unit is connected to a first polarization port and a second polarization port by a connecting line. Along at least one of the first direction and the second direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating units is 180 degrees. A single-polarized dual beam can be formed using the first polarization port or the second polarization port, and a dual-polarized dual beam can be formed using the first polarization port and the second polarization port. Each beam in the dual beam is independent of each other and there is no intersection area, thereby avoiding mutual interference.

[0060] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Referring to Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-beam antenna, which includes at least one antenna module 1. The number of antenna modules 1 can be selected according to the requirements of the usage scenario so that the dual-beam antenna has the required beam width and gain. The more antenna modules 1 there are, the smaller the beam width of the dual-beam antenna and the greater the gain. When there are multiple antenna modules 1, the multiple antenna modules 1 are arranged at equal intervals. Exemplarily, there are three antenna modules 1, and the three antenna modules 1 are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction (the X direction shown in Figure 1). One antenna module 1 can generate one or two dual beams, one dual beam includes two symmetrical beams, and two dual beams include four symmetrical beams.

[0062] Continuing to refer to Figure 1, an antenna module 1 includes a first polarization port 21, a second polarization port 22, a plurality of radiating elements 10, and a plurality of connecting lines. The first polarization port 21 is electrically connected to each radiating element 10, and the second polarization port 22 is electrically connected to each radiating element 10 via connecting lines to control the polarization of the formed dual beams. The first polarization port 21 is connected to each radiating element 10, and the second polarization port 22 is connected to each radiating element 10 only via connecting lines, without the need to set up an electric car, a Butler matrix, etc., thereby reducing feed loss and saving costs. By setting up connecting lines, at least one of the first direction and the second direction is achieved, and the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, so as to form a dual beam.

[0063] The polarization directions of the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 are orthogonal. For example, the first polarization port 21 is a +45° polarization port, and the second polarization port 22 is a -45° polarization port. The first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 can be used to achieve dual-beam dual polarization or dual-beam single polarization. The first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 are used to receive dual-beam signal inputs. When at least one of the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 receives a signal input, the multiple radiating elements 10 form dual beams corresponding to the direction of the phase difference. When the first polarization port 21 or the second polarization port 22 receives a signal input, the multiple radiating elements 10 form dual beams corresponding to the direction of the phase difference and with a single polarization. When both the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 receive a signal input, the multiple radiating elements 10 form dual beams corresponding to the direction of the phase difference and with a dual polarization.

[0064] Multiple radiating elements 10 are spaced apart to form an array. The array has at least two columns of radiating elements 10 along a first direction and at least one row of radiating elements 10 along a second direction, with the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular. Antenna module 1 forms dual beams through at least two columns and at least one row of radiating elements 10. The first direction is the row direction of the array, and the second direction is the column direction of the array, with the row and column directions being perpendicular. The row direction is the horizontal direction (X direction) as shown in Figure 1, and the column direction is the vertical direction (Y direction) as shown in Figure 1.

[0065] In some examples, the array has two columns of radiating elements 10 along the first direction and one row of radiating elements 10 along the second direction, i.e., the array includes two radiating elements 10, and the two radiating elements 10 form a 2-row, 1-column (2×1) arrangement. In other examples, the array has two columns of radiating elements 10 along the first direction and two rows of radiating elements 10 along the second direction, i.e., the array includes four radiating elements 10, and the four radiating elements 10 form a 2-row, 2-column (2×2) arrangement. In still other examples, the array has four columns of radiating elements 10 along the first direction and five rows of radiating elements 10 along the second direction, i.e., the array includes twenty radiating elements 10, and the twenty radiating elements 10 form a 5-row, 4-column (5×4) arrangement.

[0066] Continuing to refer to Figure 1, along at least one of the first direction and the second direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units 10 is 180 degrees, forming a dual beam corresponding to the direction. That is, the phase difference between the two adjacent radiation units 10 in each row is 180 degrees, forming two beams corresponding to the first direction. Alternatively, the phase difference between the two adjacent radiation units 10 in each column is 180 degrees, forming two beams corresponding to the second direction. Alternatively, the phase difference between the two adjacent radiation units 10 in each column is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between the radiation units 10 in each row is 180 degrees, forming four beams corresponding to the first direction and the second direction. Each beam can have multiple lobes (at least one main lobe and at least zero side lobes), and the number of lobes of the beam is related to the number of radiation units 10.

[0067] It will be appreciated that when an array has a row of radiating elements 10, no two radiating elements 10 are adjacent along the second direction. In the first direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, thus forming a dual beam. For example, referring to FIG2 , a row has three radiating elements 10. Along the first direction, the phases of these three radiating elements 10 are 0 degrees, 180 degrees, and 360 degrees, respectively. The phase difference between the first and second radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between the second and third radiating elements 10 is also 180 degrees.

[0068] When the array has multiple rows of radiating elements 10, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction and / or the second direction is 180 degrees, and one or two dual beams can be formed. Specifically, along the first direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; and / or, along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction.

[0069] In some embodiments, the array includes a row and multiple columns, that is, a row includes multiple radiating elements 10. Along the first direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, which includes two beams, and the two beams are symmetrically distributed along a vertical plane relative to the first direction.

[0070] For example, referring to Figure 2 , an array includes three radiating elements 10 arranged along a first direction. Along the first direction, the phases of the three radiating elements 10 are 0 degrees, 180 degrees, and 360 degrees, respectively. These three radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, comprising two beams. As shown in Figure 2 , when the first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the third direction is the Z direction, the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The plane perpendicular to the first direction is the YZ plane.

[0071] In other embodiments, the array includes multiple rows and columns. In some possible examples, along a first direction, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, and along a second direction, the phases of two adjacent radiating elements 10 are equal. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, which includes two beams that are symmetrically distributed with respect to a plane perpendicular to the first direction.

[0072] For example, referring to Figure 3 , an array comprises three rows and two columns. Along a first direction, the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the first column are all 0 degrees, while the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the second column are all 180 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam consisting of two beams. As shown in Figure 3 , when the first direction is the X direction and the second direction is the Y direction, the third direction is the Z direction. The third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the plane perpendicular to the first direction is the YZ plane.

[0073] In some other possible examples, along the first direction, the phases between two adjacent radiating elements 10 are equal, and along the second direction, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, which includes two beams symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical plane in the second direction.

[0074] For example, referring to Figure 4 , the array includes three rows and two columns. Along the second direction, the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the first row are all 0 degrees, the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the second row are all 180 degrees, and the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the third row are all 360 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, each comprising two beams. As shown in Figure 4 , when the first direction is the X direction and the second direction is the Y direction, the third direction is the Z direction. The third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the plane perpendicular to the second direction is the XZ plane.

[0075] In some other possible examples, along the first direction, the phase difference between two adjacent radiation units 10 is 180 degrees, and along the second direction, the phase difference between two adjacent radiation units 10 is 180 degrees. All radiation units 10 form a dual beam, which includes four beams, and the four beams are symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical plane in the first direction and symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical plane in the second direction.

[0076] For example, referring to Figure 5 , the array includes three rows and two columns. Along a first direction, the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the first and second columns of the first row are 0 degrees and 180 degrees, respectively; the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the first and second columns of the second row are 180 degrees and 360 degrees, respectively; and the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the first and second columns of the third row are 360 ​​degrees and 540 degrees, respectively. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, which includes four beams. As shown in Figure 5 , when the first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the third direction is the Z direction, the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. These four beams are separated by the YZ plane and the XZ plane, and are symmetrically distributed relative to both the YZ plane and the XZ plane.

[0077] In an embodiment where the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction is 180 degrees and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the directions θ1 of the two beams, the distance d1 between the two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the dual beam antenna are expressed by the following formula:

[0078] It is understood that the directionality of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction is related to the distance of the radiating element 10 in the first direction. By obtaining the angle θ1 of the beam directionality and the wavelength λ or frequency f of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, the distance d1 of the radiating element 10 along the first direction can be calculated according to the above formula.

[0079] The lobe width in the first direction of the beam separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements 10 in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction of the two beams is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements 10 in the second direction. That is, the more radiating elements 10 there are in the first direction, the smaller the lobe width in the first direction of the beam separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; and the more radiating elements 10 there are in the second direction, the smaller the lobe width in the second direction of the beam separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction.

[0080] Taking the use of the first polarization port 21 to achieve single polarization, along the first direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating units 10 is 180 degrees (that is, the phase difference between two adjacent columns of radiating units 10 is 180 degrees) as an example, when the pointing direction of the two formed beams is 30 degrees (that is, 30 degrees away from the Z direction), according to the above formula, the spacing between the two adjacent radiating units 10 along the first direction is the wavelength of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna, that is, d1 = λ.

[0081] In some examples, referring to Figures 6 to 8 , the array has two radiating elements 10 along a first direction (X direction) and one radiating element 10 along a second direction (Y direction). As shown in Figure 6 , the radiating element 10 forms two horizontal beams (the two beams are separated by the YZ plane). As shown in Figures 7 and 8 , the 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 32 degrees in the horizontal direction and 65 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 32 degrees, and the beamwidth in the second direction is 65 degrees.

[0082] In other examples, referring to Figures 9 to 11 , the array has two radiating elements 10 along a first direction (X direction) and five radiating elements 10 along a second direction (Y direction), as shown in Figure 9 . Two horizontal beams are formed (the two beams are separated by the YZ plane). As shown in Figures 10 and 11 , the 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 32 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 32 degrees, and the beamwidth in the second direction is 14 degrees.

[0083] In yet other examples, referring to Figures 12 and 13 , the array has four radiating elements 10 along a first direction (X direction) and five radiating elements 10 along a second direction (Y direction), forming two horizontal beams (the two beams are separated by the YZ plane). The 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 16 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 16 degrees, and the beamwidth in the second direction is 14 degrees.

[0084] Taking the use of the first polarization port 21 to achieve single polarization, along the first direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating units 10 is 180 degrees (that is, the phase difference between two adjacent columns of radiating units 10 is 180 degrees) as an example, when the pointing direction of the formed beam is 45 degrees (that is, 30 degrees away from the Z direction), according to the above formula, the spacing between two adjacent radiating units 10 along the first direction is 0.707 wavelengths of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, that is, d1 = 0.707λ.

[0085] The array has four radiating elements 10 along the first direction (X direction) and five radiating elements 10 along the second direction (Y direction), forming two horizontal beams (separated by the YZ plane) as shown in Figures 14 and 15 . The 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 16 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 16 degrees, and the beamwidth in the second direction is 14 degrees.

[0086] In an embodiment in which the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the second direction is 180 degrees and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction, the directions θ2 of the two beams, the distance d2 between the two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the second direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the antenna are expressed by the following formula:

[0087] It is understood that the directionality of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction is related to the distance of the radiating element 10 in the second direction. When the directionality angle of the beams and the wavelength λ or frequency f of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna are obtained, the distance d2 of the radiating element 10 along the second direction can be obtained.

[0088] The lobe width in the first direction of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating units 10 in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating units 10 in the second direction. That is, the greater the number of radiating units 10 in the first direction, the smaller the lobe width in the first direction of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction; and the greater the number of radiating units 10 in the second direction, the smaller the lobe width in the second direction of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction. For details, please refer to the embodiment of the first direction and will not be repeated here.

[0089] By adjusting the distance d1 between two adjacent radiating units 10 along the first direction, and / or the distance d2 between two adjacent radiating units 10 along the second direction, the direction of the beam can be adjusted; by adjusting the number of radiating units 10 in the first direction and / or the second direction, the lobe width in the first direction and the lobe width in the second direction of the beam can be adjusted, thereby meeting the coverage requirements according to different scenario requirements and improving the application range of the dual-beam antenna.

[0090] In some possible embodiments, referring to Figures 16 and 17, each radiating element 10 includes a first polarization element 11 and a second polarization element 12 arranged in a cross pattern, and the plurality of connection lines include a first feed line 41, a second feed line 42, a third feed line 43, and a fourth feed line 44. The antenna module 1 also includes a first feed interface 31 and a second feed interface 32 corresponding to each column of radiating elements 10; each first feed interface 31 is connected to the first polarization port 21 via a first feed line 41, and is connected to the first polarization element 11 of each corresponding column of radiating elements 10 via a second feed line 42; each second feed interface 32 is connected to the second polarization port 22 via a third feed line 43, and is connected to the second polarization element 12 of each corresponding column of radiating elements 10 via a fourth feed line 44.

[0091] With this arrangement, by controlling at least one of the lengths of the first feeder 41, the second feeder 42, the third feeder 43, and the fourth feeder 44, the phase of each radiating element 10 can be controlled to obtain the desired phase difference, with the phase difference between at least two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the same row or column being 180 degrees, thereby achieving dual-beam. Each radiating element 10 can achieve single-polarization dual-beam by being fed through one polarization port (the first polarization port 21 or the second polarization port 22), and dual-polarization dual-beam by being fed through two polarization ports (the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22). Each beam in the dual beam is independent of each other, and there is no crossover area, thereby avoiding mutual interference. In addition, the first polarization port 21, the second polarization port 22, the first feeding interface 31, the second feeding interface 32, the first polarization element 11 and the second polarization element 12 are wired and connected for feeding. The feeding network is simple and there is no need to add electric cars, Butler matrices, etc., which reduces feeding losses and saves costs. It can be applied to base station coverage, cell coverage, and special scenario coverage.

[0092] Specifically, each column of radiating elements 10 is correspondingly provided with a first feed interface 31 and a second feed interface 32. Each first feed interface 31, each first polarization element 11, and the first polarization port 21 are electrically connected, and each second feed interface 32, each second polarization element 12, and the second polarization port 22 are electrically connected, so as to achieve single polarization or dual polarization of the antenna module 1. For example, when a signal is input to the first polarization port 21, the first polarization port 21 causes each first polarization element 11 to be single polarized through each first feed interface 31.

[0093] Each column of radiating elements 10 is correspondingly provided with a first feed interface 31 and a second feed interface 32. The first polarization element 11 of each radiating element 10 in each column of radiating elements 10 is electrically connected to the first feed interface 31 corresponding to the column of radiating elements 10, and the second polarization element 12 of each radiating element 10 in each column of radiating elements 10 is electrically connected to the second feed interface 32 corresponding to the column of radiating elements 10. All first feed interfaces 31 are electrically connected to the first polarization port 21, and all second feed interfaces 32 are electrically connected to the second polarization port 22.

[0094] In some possible implementations, a first feeder line 41 is connected between each first feed interface 31 and the first polarization port 21. The number of first feeders 41 matches the number of first feed interfaces 31, and the plurality of first feeders 41 corresponds to the plurality of first feed interfaces 31. One end of a first feeder line 41 is connected to the first polarization port 21, and the other end is connected to a corresponding first feed interface 31. A second feeder line 42 is connected between the first polarization element 11 of each column of radiating elements 10 and the corresponding first feed interface 31. The number of second feeders 42 matches the number of radiating elements in each column, and the plurality of second feeders 42 corresponds to the plurality of radiating elements in each column. One end of the second feeder line 42 is connected to the first feed interface 31, and the other end is connected to the first polarization element 11 of the corresponding radiating element 10.

[0095] A third feeder 43 is connected between each second feed interface 32 and the second polarization port 22. The number of third feeders 43 matches the number of second feed interfaces 32, and multiple third feeders 43 correspond to multiple second feed interfaces 32. One end of each third feeder 43 is connected to the second polarization port 22, and the other end is connected to a corresponding second feed interface 32. A fourth feeder 44 is connected between the second polarization element 12 of each column of radiating elements 10 and the corresponding second feed interface 32. The number of fourth feeders 44 matches the number of radiating elements in each column, and multiple fourth feeders 44 correspond to multiple radiating elements in each column. One end of each fourth feeder 44 is connected to the second feed interface 32, and the other end is connected to the second polarization element 12 of the corresponding radiating element 10.

[0096] In some possible embodiments, referring to FIG. 18 , the array includes a row of radiating elements 10 along the second direction. Along the first direction, the length of the first feeder 41 or the length of the second feeder 42 corresponding to each radiating element 10 increases sequentially by half a wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna. Furthermore, along the first direction, the length of the third feeder 43 or the length of the fourth feeder 44 corresponding to each radiating element 10 increases sequentially by half a wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna. With this configuration, the phase difference between adjacent radiating elements 10 in a row is 180 degrees, achieving single-polarization or dual-polarization dual-beam transmission.

[0097] Taking single-polarization of the antenna module 1 through the first polarization port 21 as an example, as shown in FIG19 , from left to right along the first direction, the length of the first feeder 41 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially by 0.5λ, and the length of each second feeder 42 is equal, all equal to b. Alternatively, as shown in FIG20 , from left to right along the first direction, the length of each first feeder 41 is equal, all equal to a, and the length of the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially by 0.5λ. It can be understood that from left to right along the first direction, the length of the first feeder 41 or the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating element 10 decreases sequentially, which means that from right to left along the first direction, the length of the first feeder 41 or the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially.

[0098] When the antenna module 1 is single-polarized through the second polarization port 22, the length relationship between the third feeder 43 and the fourth feeder 44 can refer to the length relationship between the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42, and will not be repeated here. When the length of the first feeder 41 or the length of the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases successively along the first direction, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the third feeder 43 or the length of the fourth feeder 44 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases successively along the first direction, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, the antenna module 1 achieves dual polarization. At this time, the length relationship between the first feeder 41, the second feeder 42, the third feeder 43 and the fourth feeder 44 can be combined according to the length relationship between the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42 when the antenna module 1 is single-polarized through the first polarization port 21, and the length relationship between the third feeder 43 and the fourth feeder 44 when the antenna module 1 is single-polarized through the second polarization port 22, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] In some possible embodiments, the array has multiple rows of radiating elements 10 spaced apart along the second direction, and the lengths of the second feeders 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row and / or column increase sequentially by half a wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the first feeders 41 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 are the same; alternatively, the lengths of the first feeders 41 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 increase sequentially by half a wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the second feeders 42 corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row are the same. Through the above configuration, dual beams can be generated through the first polarization port 21, and single polarization of the dual beams can be achieved.

[0100] Based on the above embodiment, in some possible implementations, referring to Figures 21 to 24 , the lengths of the first feeders 41 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 are the same, that is, the lengths of the first feeders 41 are equal and are both equal to b. In this case, the lengths of the second feeders 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 may increase sequentially along the row direction, along the column direction, or along both the row direction and the column direction.

[0101] The lengths of the second feeders 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 may increase sequentially along the row direction, meaning that the lengths of the second feeders 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row increase sequentially, and the lengths of the second feeders 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same column are equal. With this arrangement, along the first direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between the radiating elements 10 in two adjacent columns is 180 degrees.

[0102] Taking a three-row, two-column array as an example, in which the antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the first polarization port 21, referring to Figures 21 and 22, the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to each row of radiating elements 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively. That is, the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to the first row of radiating elements 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively; the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to the second row of radiating elements 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively; and the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to the third row of radiating elements 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively.

[0103] The lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 increase sequentially along the column direction. This means that the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same column increase sequentially, and the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row are equal. With this arrangement, along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between the radiating elements 10 in two adjacent rows is 180 degrees.

[0104] Taking a three-row, two-column array as an example, where the antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the first polarization port 21, referring to Figures 21 and 23, the lengths of the radiating elements 10 in each column are, in order, a, a+0.5λ, and a+λ. That is, the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the first row are, in order, a, a; the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the second row are, in order, a+0.5λ and a+0.5λ; and the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the third row are, in order, a+λ and a+λ.

[0105] The lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 increase sequentially along the row direction and along the column direction. This means that the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same column increase sequentially, and the lengths of the second feeder lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row also increase sequentially. With this arrangement, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the first direction is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the second direction is also 180 degrees. That is, the phase difference between two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows of radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees.

[0106] Taking the three-row and two-column array as an example of single-polarization of the antenna module 1 through the first polarization port 21, referring to Figures 21 and 24, the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to the first row of radiation units 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively, the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to the second row of radiation units 10 are a+0.5λ and a+λ, respectively, and the lengths of the second feeder line 42 corresponding to the third row of radiation units 10 are a+λ and a+1.5λ, respectively.

[0107] Based on the above embodiment, in some possible implementations, the lengths of the first feed lines 41 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 increase sequentially by half a wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row are the same. The lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same column can be equal, and the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the second direction is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between the radiating elements 10 in the two adjacent columns is 180 degrees. The lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same column can also increase sequentially along the second direction, so that the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the first direction is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the second direction is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between the radiating elements 10 in two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows is 180 degrees.

[0108] Taking a three-row, two-column array as an example, where the antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the first polarization port 21, along the first direction, the lengths of the first feeder 41 corresponding to each column of radiating elements 10 are, respectively, b and b+0.5λ. In some examples, referring to Figures 21 and 25, the lengths of the second feeder 42 corresponding to each radiating element 10 are equal, namely, a. In other examples, referring to Figures 21 and 26, the lengths of the second feeder 42 corresponding to each radiating element 10 increase sequentially along the column direction, by half a wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row are equal. That is, the lengths of the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the first row are, respectively, a and a; the lengths of the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the second row are, respectively, a+0.5λ and a+0.5λ; and the lengths of the second feeder 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the third row are, respectively, a+λ and a+λ.

[0109] In some embodiments, the lengths of the fourth feed lines 44 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements and / or the same column of radiating elements 10 are sequentially increased, the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the third feed lines 43 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 are the same; or, the lengths of the third feed lines 43 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 are sequentially increased, the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the fourth feed lines 44 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements 10 are the same.

[0110] When the antenna module 1 is single-polarized through the second polarization port 22, the length relationship between the third feeder 43 and the fourth feeder 44 can refer to the length relationship between the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42, and will not be repeated here. When the antenna module 1 is dual-polarized, the length relationship between the first feeder 41, the second feeder 42, the third feeder 43, and the fourth feeder 44 can be combined based on the length relationship between the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42 when the antenna module 1 is single-polarized through the first polarization port 21, and the length relationship between the third feeder 43 and the fourth feeder 44 when the antenna module 1 is single-polarized through the second polarization port 22, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] In summary, the dual-beam antenna in the embodiment of the present invention includes at least one antenna module 1. In the antenna module 1, along at least one of the first direction and the second direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating units 10 is 180 degrees to form a dual beam. Each radiating unit 10 can be fed through one polarization port (the first polarization port 21 or the second polarization port 22) to achieve a single-polarized dual beam, and can be fed through two polarization ports (the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22) to achieve a dual-polarized dual beam. The beams in the dual beam are independent of each other and there is no crossover area, thereby avoiding mutual interference. In addition, the first polarization port 21, the second polarization port 22, the first feeding interface 31, the second feeding interface 32, the first polarization element 11, and the second polarization element 12 are connected by wiring for feeding. The feeding network is simple, and there is no need to add a power car, a Butler matrix, etc., which reduces feeding loss and saves costs.

[0112] The various embodiments or implementation methods in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0113] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0114] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-beam antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one antenna module, wherein the antenna module comprises a first polarization port, a second polarization port, a plurality of radiating units arranged at intervals, and a plurality of connecting lines, wherein the plurality of radiating units form an array, wherein the array has at least two columns of the radiating units along a first direction and at least one row of the radiating units along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; Each of the radiation units is connected to the first polarization port and to the second polarization port through the connection line, and along at least one of the first direction and the second direction, a phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees; The first polarization port and the second polarization port are used to receive the signal input of the dual beam. When at least one of the first polarization port and the second polarization port receives the signal input, the multiple radiation units form a dual beam relative to the direction of the phase difference.

2. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; And / or, along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction.

3. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each of the radiation units includes a first polarization element and a second polarization element that are cross-arranged, the plurality of connection lines include a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line, and the antenna module further includes a first feed interface and a second feed interface corresponding to each column of the radiation units; The first feeding line is connected between each of the first feeding interfaces and the first polarization port, and the second feeding line is connected between each of the first polarization elements of the corresponding columns of the radiation units; The third feeding line is connected between each of the second feeding interfaces and the second polarization port, and the fourth feeding line is connected between each of the second polarization elements of each corresponding column of the radiation units.

4. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The array has a row of the radiation elements along the second direction; Along the first direction, the length of the first feeder line or the length of the second feeder line corresponding to the radiation unit increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna; And / or, along the first direction, the length of the third feed line or the length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiation unit increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna.

5. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The array has a plurality of rows of the radiation elements along the second direction; The lengths of the second feeder lines corresponding to the radiation units in the same row and / or the same column are increased sequentially, and the increase amount is half the wavelength of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the first feeder lines corresponding to the radiation units in two adjacent columns are the same; Alternatively, the lengths of the first feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in two adjacent columns increase successively, the increase amount being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the second feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in the same row are the same.

6. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The array has a plurality of rows of the radiation elements along the second direction; The lengths of the fourth feed lines corresponding to the radiation units in the same row and / or the same column are increased sequentially, and the increase amount is half the wavelength of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the third feed lines corresponding to the radiation units in two adjacent columns are the same; Alternatively, the lengths of the third feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in two adjacent columns increase successively, the increase amount being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the lengths of the fourth feed lines corresponding to the radiation elements in the same row are the same.

7. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the first direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; The direction θ1 of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the distance d1 between two adjacent radiation units along the first direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna have the following formula:

8. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lobe width of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction in the first direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the second direction.

9. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the phase difference between each two adjacent radiation units is 180 degrees, and the dual beam includes two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction; The direction θ2 of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction, the distance d2 between two adjacent radiation units along the second direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna have the following formula:

10. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lobe width of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction in the first direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiation units in the second direction.

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