Fault detection device and method for superconducting electrodynamic maglev track

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of superconducting electrodynamic maglev. Provided is a fault detection device and method for a superconducting electrodynamic maglev track. The device comprises: a frame system, which is arranged in a sidewall discrete figure-8-shaped coil track, wherein a signal processing device is arranged at the top of the frame system; and a detection system, which is arranged on either side of the frame system and comprises a lifting device and a clamping device, wherein the lifting device is configured to adjust a vertical height of the clamping device, the clamping device is arranged on an outer side of the lifting device and is provided with a first connection portion and a second connection portion, the second connection portion is arranged on the periphery of the first connection portion, the first connection portion is configured to connect a permanent magnet array, the second connection portion is configured to connect a receiving coil, and the receiving coil is electrically connected to the signal processing device. The device can realize the detection of both geometrical regularity and magnetic field uniformity of the sidewall discrete figure-8-shaped coil track.

Description

A superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device and method

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202310909901.1, filed with the Patent Office of China on July 24, 2023, entitled "A Superconducting Electric Maglev Track Fault Detection Device and Method", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of superconducting electric magnetic levitation, and in particular to a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device and method. Background Art

[0004] In a superconducting electric magnetic levitation system, the figure-8 coil is installed on the outside of the propulsion coil and is exposed to the air. When the outdoor environment is harsh, such as sunlight, wind and sand, rain and fog, ice and snow, etc., the insulation of the figure-8 coil will deteriorate or be damaged, and even a short circuit fault may occur. In the superconducting electric magnetic levitation system, the figure-8 coil is responsible for both suspension and guidance tasks, and it plays an important role in the stable operation of the maglev train. Therefore, before the train is put into operation, it is crucial to test the discrete figure-8 coil track in the superconducting electric magnetic levitation. In the existing technology, on the one hand, it is impossible to detect the geometric smoothness of the discrete figure-8 coil track on the side wall, and on the other hand, it is impossible to detect the magnetic field uniformity of the discrete figure-8 coil track on the side wall. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device that can simultaneously detect the geometric smoothness and magnetic field uniformity of the discrete figure-8 coil track on the side wall.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device and method to improve the above-mentioned problem. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device, the device comprising:

[0008] A frame system, the frame system being arranged in a discrete figure-8 coil track on a side wall, and a signal processing device being arranged on the top of the frame system; and

[0009] A detection system is arranged on both sides of the frame system, and the detection system includes a lifting device and a clamping device. The lifting device is used to adjust the vertical height of the clamping device. The clamping device is arranged on the outside of the lifting device. The clamping device is provided with a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion. The second connecting portion is arranged on the periphery of the first connecting portion. The first connecting portion is used to connect to a permanent magnet array, and the second connecting portion is used to connect to a receiving coil. The receiving coil is electrically connected to the signal processing device.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection method, the method comprising:

[0011] Setting multiple preset detection heights for the clamping device through a lifting device;

[0012] Operating the frame system at different preset detection heights, and collecting different detection signals corresponding to the different preset detection heights through a signal processing device;

[0013] performing magnetic field uniformity analysis according to the different detection signals;

[0014] A fault point analysis is performed on the side wall discrete figure-8 coil track according to the different detection signals.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention applies the magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet array to a discrete figure-8 coil track, utilizes the coils on the periphery of the permanent magnet array as receiving coils to capture the induced magnetic field generated by the induced current of the discrete figure-8 coils, and connects the receiving coils to signal processing devices such as filtering, amplifying circuits, and oscilloscopes to extract and display the received electrical signals, thereby achieving contactless detection of the geometric smoothness and magnetic field uniformity of the discrete figure-8 coil track.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and some will become apparent from the description or be understood by practicing the embodiments of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device according to the present invention;

[0020] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the permanent magnet array and the receiving coil according to the present invention;

[0021] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first width, the second width, and the target pole pitch of the present invention;

[0022] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preset magnetization acute angle according to the present invention;

[0023] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion of the present invention;

[0024] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting portion of the present invention including the mounting base and the card slot;

[0025] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the frame system of the present invention;

[0026] FIG8 is a curve showing a current change of a receiving coil when the figure-eight coil is not failed under finite element simulation in the present invention;

[0027] FIG9 is a curve showing a current change of a receiving coil when a figure-eight coil fails under finite element simulation in the present invention;

[0028] FIG10 is a level signal when the 8-shaped coil is not invalid in the present invention;

[0029] FIG11 is a level signal when the figure-8 coil fails in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 is the oscilloscope display signal curve when the figure-8 coil is not failed;

[0031] Figure 13 is the oscilloscope display signal curve when the figure-8 coil fails;

[0032] Markings in the figure: 1. Frame system; 11. Car body; 12. Bogie; 13. Wheel; 14. AC power generator; 131. Hub motor; 21. Lifting device; 22. Clamping device; 23. Permanent magnet array; 24. Receiving coil; 211. Mounting plate; 212. Electric push rod; 221. First connecting part; 222. Second connecting part; 231. First main magnetic pole; 232. Second main magnetic pole; 2211. Mounting base; 2222. Slot; 3. Side wall discrete 8-shaped coil track. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only to distinguish the description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] This embodiment provides a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the device includes:

[0038] A frame system 1, wherein the frame system 1 is arranged in a discrete figure-8 coil track 3 on the side wall, and a signal processing device is arranged on the top of the frame system 1; and

[0039] A detection system is provided on both sides of the frame system 1 and includes a lifting device 21 and a clamping device 22. The lifting device 21 is used to adjust the vertical height of the clamping device 22. The clamping device 22 is provided on the outside of the lifting device 21.

[0040] As shown in Figure 5, the clamping device 22 is provided with a first connecting part 221 and a second connecting part 222, the second connecting part 222 is arranged on the periphery of the first connecting part 221, the first connecting part 221 is used to connect the permanent magnet array 23, and the second connecting part 222 is used to connect the receiving coil 24, and the receiving coil 24 is electrically connected to the signal processing device.

[0041] In this detection device, the unilateral magnetic focusing properties of the permanent magnet array 23 are utilized to generate a source magnetic field. During detection, the source magnetic field interlinks with the figure-eight coils in the discrete figure-eight coil track 3 on the sidewall, inducing an electromotive force within the figure-eight coils. When the figure-eight coils are intact, an induced current is generated within the figure-eight coils, which in turn generates a magnetic field around the figure-eight coils. When the receiving coils 24 are positioned outside the permanent magnet array 23, this device again utilizes the unilateral magnetic focusing properties of the permanent magnet array 23 to reduce the impact of the source magnetic field on the receiving coils 24. The receiving coils 24 then capture the magnetic field generated by the figure-eight coils, inducing an electromotive force within the receiving coils 24. Subsequently, a signal processing device filters, amplifies, and displays the electrical signal within the receiving coils 24, generating an electrical signal waveform reflecting the geometric smoothness of the figure-eight coils and the uniformity of the magnetic field, thereby enabling real-time observation.

[0042] In the present invention, to ensure a good source magnetic field, the permanent magnet array 23 is composed of two side-by-side Halbach permanent magnet arrays. Each Halbach permanent magnet array includes at least two different preset acute magnetization angles, with a preset 90° magnetization angle provided between the two different preset acute magnetization angles. In this structure, the Halbach permanent magnet array serves as the emitter.

[0043] As shown in Figure 3, in this detection device, in order to clarify the influence of the width setting of the permanent magnet array 23 on the detection results, the permanent magnet array 23 includes a first Halbach permanent magnet and a second Halbach permanent magnet, and the first Halbach permanent magnet and the second Halbach permanent magnet are both cross-shaped permanent magnets, the width of the first Halbach permanent magnet is the first width, the width of the second Halbach permanent magnet is the second width, a first main magnetic pole 231 is arranged in the first Halbach permanent magnet, and a second main magnetic pole 232 is arranged in the second Halbach permanent magnet, the horizontal distance from the center of the first main magnetic pole 231 to the center of the second main magnetic pole 232 is the target pole pitch, and the target pole pitch, the first width and the second width are controlled by a preset pole pitch model.

[0044] In this device, the preset pole distance model is:

[0045] In the above formula, b1 represents the first width, k1 represents the first preset pole arc coefficient, L represents the target pole pitch, b2 represents the second width, and k2 represents the second preset pole arc coefficient.

[0046] Furthermore, in this device, to clarify the setting of the width of a single Halbach permanent magnet, the first Halbach permanent magnet includes a first left boundary magnetic pole, a first right boundary magnetic pole, and a first main magnetic pole 231. The first main magnetic pole 231 is arranged between the first left boundary magnetic pole and the first right boundary magnetic pole. The width of the first left boundary magnetic pole is equal to the width of the first right boundary magnetic pole, and the width of the first main magnetic pole 231 is greater than the width of the first left boundary magnetic pole.

[0047] The second Halbach permanent magnet includes a second left boundary magnetic pole, a second right boundary magnetic pole and a second main magnetic pole 232, the second main magnetic pole 232 is arranged between the second left boundary magnetic pole and the second right boundary magnetic pole, the width of the second left boundary magnetic pole is equal to the width of the second right boundary magnetic pole, and the width of the second main magnetic pole 231 is greater than the width of the second left boundary magnetic pole.

[0048] As shown in Figure 4, to clarify the specific setting of the preset acute magnetization angle, the Halbach permanent magnet array includes a first preset acute magnetization angle and a second preset acute magnetization angle, where the first preset acute magnetization angle is equal to the second preset acute magnetization angle. When the first preset acute magnetization angle is equal to the second preset acute magnetization angle, the source magnetic field is more stable and uniform.

[0049] As shown in FIG6 , to clarify the specific structures of the first connecting portion 221 and the second connecting portion 222 , the first connecting portion 221 includes a mounting base 2211 , a slot 2222 is provided on the mounting base 2211 , and the permanent magnet array 23 is fixedly connected to the slot 2222 ;

[0050] The second connecting portion 222 is a mounting base, the coil 24 is sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting base, the mounting base 2211 is arranged at the center of the mounting base, and the center of gravity of the mounting base 2211 coincides with the center of gravity of the mounting base.

[0051] When the mounting base 2211 is set at the center of the mounting base and the center of gravity of the mounting base 2211 coincides with the center of gravity of the mounting base, the relative positions of the permanent magnet array 23 and the receiving coil 24 remain fixed, which can effectively ensure the electromagnetic effect of the permanent magnet array 23, the receiving coil 24 and the 8-shaped coil.

[0052] As shown in Figure 7, in this device, in order to clarify the specific structure of the frame system 1, the frame system 1 includes a car body 11, a bogie 12, wheels 13 and an AC power generator 14. The car body 11 is arranged on the top of the bogie 12, and the wheels 13 are matched with the bottom of the bogie 12. A hub motor 131 is provided on the wheel 13, and the hub motor 131 is electrically connected to the AC power generator 14.

[0053] In this device, the bogie 12 plays the role of supporting and guiding the vehicle body 11; when the device introduces direct current from the on-board battery, a traction inverter device is also required to realize the supply of alternating current and drive the frame system 1.

[0054] In this device, in order to clarify the specific structure of the signal processing device, the signal processing device includes a filtering and amplifying device and an oscilloscope. The filtering and amplifying device, the oscilloscope and the receiving coil 24 are electrically connected. The signal processing device filters, amplifies and displays the received electrical signal to realize electrical signal feedback of the geometric smoothness and magnetic field uniformity of the discrete 8-shaped coil track.

[0055] In this device, in order to enable the lifting device 21 to accurately reach multiple preset detection heights on the one hand, and to facilitate the adjustment of the preset detection heights on the other hand, the lifting device 21 includes a mounting plate 211 and an electric push rod 212, one end of the mounting plate 211 is fixedly connected to one side of the frame system 1, and the other end of the mounting plate 211 is fixedly connected to the electric push rod 212, and the electric push rod 212 is provided with an output end, and the output end is transmission-connected to the clamping device 22.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] This embodiment provides a superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection method, the method comprising:

[0058] Setting multiple preset detection heights for the clamping device 22 via the lifting device 21;

[0059] Operating the frame system 1 at different preset detection heights, and collecting different detection signals corresponding to the different preset detection heights through a signal processing device;

[0060] performing magnetic field uniformity analysis according to the different detection signals;

[0061] A fault point analysis is performed on the side wall discrete 8-shaped coil track 3 according to the different detection signals.

[0062] The magnetic field uniformity analysis is performed based on the different detection signals, specifically:

[0063] When the signal processing device includes a filtering and amplifying device and an oscilloscope, and the filtering and amplifying device, the oscilloscope and the receiving coil 24 are electrically connected, the oscilloscope waveforms corresponding to the different detection signals are collected in real time during the driving process of the frame system 1. When the waveform fluctuates around a certain value and shows a periodic change without a sudden change, it indicates that the geometric arrangement of the 8-shaped coil track is uniform and the magnetic field is uniform;

[0064] When the waveform suddenly changes at a certain moment and returns to its previous value after another preset detection moment, it indicates that there is a coil failure fault (open circuit or short circuit) at the 8-shaped coil corresponding to the waveform at the sudden change moment. The preset detection moment is the electromagnetic induction time of an 8-shaped coil and a group of permanent magnet arrays 23.

[0065] The fault point analysis of the side wall discrete 8-shaped coil track 3 is performed according to the different detection signals, specifically:

[0066] Finite element simulations were performed to determine the basis for coil failure. Specifically, a three-dimensional finite element model was created in Ansys software, encompassing the permanent magnet array 23, the receiving coil 24, and the discrete figure-eight coil track 3 on the sidewall. The simulation type was set to transient magnetic field, and the centers of the three were aligned. A motion domain was set for the area containing the permanent magnet array 23 and the receiving coil 24, with movement set along the longitudinal direction of the discrete figure-eight coil track 3 on the sidewall at a constant speed of 60 km / h. This yielded a graph of the induced current in the receiving coils Winding1 and Winding2 as a function of operating time.

[0067] Figure 8 shows the receiving coil current variation curve under finite element simulation when the figure-eight coil is intact, and Figure 9 shows the receiving coil current variation curve under finite element simulation when the figure-eight coil is faulty. Figures 8 and 9 show that when one of the figure-eight coils in the discrete sidewall figure-eight coil track 3 is broken, the current change in the receiving coil is more pronounced than when the coil is intact.

[0068] In order to further achieve the precise positioning of the failure point of the figure-8 coil and facilitate maintenance: the current signals in Winding1 and Winding2 are compared. As shown in Figure 10, when there is no fault point in the side wall figure-8 coil, the comparison result of the receiving coil electrical signal is 1; as shown in Figure 11, when there is a fault point in the side wall figure-8 coil, the comparison result of the receiving coil electrical signal will change from 1 to 0 and then back to 1. According to the difference in output levels in these two cases, the warning light is not on when the high level is 1, and the warning light is on when the low level is 0. That is, when the electrical signal of the receiving coil is abnormal, the warning light in the post-processing will light up, which is convenient for locating the failure point of the figure-8 coil. Therefore, this detection method performs fault point analysis on the side wall discrete figure-8 coil track 3 based on the different detection signals.

[0069] Furthermore, the electrical signal of the receiving coil can be filtered and amplified by an external filtering and amplifying circuit built by Matlab / Simul ink to obtain a filtered and amplified signal.

[0070] As shown in Figure 12, when there is no disconnection of the figure-8 coil, the received signal waveform is stable;

[0071] As shown in Figure 13, when a figure-eight coil is broken, the received electrical signal fluctuates steadily at a certain current value before the frame system 1 reaches the faulty figure-eight coil. However, when the frame system 1 passes the faulty figure-eight coil, the received electrical signal jumps to a different current value. This indicates that a fault exists in the track figure-eight coil.

[0072] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A superconducting electric maglev track fault detection device, characterized in that: include: A frame system (1), the frame system (1) being arranged in a discrete figure-8 coil track (3) on a side wall, and a signal processing device being arranged on the top of the frame system (1); as well as A detection system, the detection system being arranged on both sides of the frame system (1), the detection system comprising a lifting device (21) and a clamping device (22), the lifting device (21) being used to adjust the vertical height of the clamping device (22), the clamping device (22) being arranged outside the lifting device (21), the clamping device (22) being provided with a first connecting portion (221) and a second connecting portion (222), the second connecting portion (222) being arranged on the periphery of the first connecting portion (221), the first connecting portion (221) being used to connect to a permanent magnet array (23), the second connecting portion (222) being used to connect to a receiving coil (24), the receiving coil (24) being electrically connected to the signal processing device; The permanent magnet array (23) is two Halbach permanent magnet arrays arranged side by side, and each of the Halbach permanent magnet arrays includes at least two different preset magnetization acute angles, and a preset magnetization angle of 90° is arranged between the two different preset magnetization acute angles; The permanent magnet array (23) comprises a first Halbach permanent magnet and a second Halbach permanent magnet, and the first Halbach permanent magnet and the second Halbach permanent magnet are both cross-shaped permanent magnets, the width of the first Halbach permanent magnet is a first width, the width of the second Halbach permanent magnet is a second width, a first main magnetic pole (231) is arranged in the first Halbach permanent magnet, and a second main magnetic pole (232) is arranged in the second Halbach permanent magnet, the horizontal distance from the center of the first main magnetic pole (231) to the center of the second main magnetic pole (232) is a target pole pitch, and the target pole pitch, the first width and the second width are controlled by a preset pole pitch model; the preset pole pitch model is: In the above formula, b1 represents the first width, k1 represents the first preset pole arc coefficient, L represents the target pole distance, b2 represents the second width, and k2 represents the second preset pole arc coefficient; The first connecting portion (221) comprises a mounting base (2211), a slot (2222) is provided on the mounting base (2211), and the permanent magnet array (23) is fixedly connected in the slot (2222); The second connecting portion (222) is a mounting base, the coil (24) is sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting base, the mounting base (2211) is arranged at the center of the mounting base, and the center of gravity of the mounting base (2211) coincides with the center of gravity of the mounting base, and the relative positions of the permanent magnet array (23) and the receiving coil (24) remain fixed.

2. The superconducting electric maglev track fault detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Halbach permanent magnet array includes a first preset acute magnetization angle and a second preset acute magnetization angle, and the first preset acute magnetization angle is equal to the second preset acute magnetization angle.

3. The superconducting electric maglev track fault detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first Halbach permanent magnet comprises a first left boundary magnetic pole, a first right boundary magnetic pole and a first main magnetic pole (231), the first main magnetic pole (231) being arranged between the first left boundary magnetic pole and the first right boundary magnetic pole, the width of the first left boundary magnetic pole being equal to the width of the first right boundary magnetic pole, and the width of the first main magnetic pole (231) being greater than the width of the first left boundary magnetic pole; The second Halbach permanent magnet comprises a second left boundary magnetic pole, a second right boundary magnetic pole and a second main magnetic pole (232), wherein the second main magnetic pole (232) is arranged between the second left boundary magnetic pole and the second right boundary magnetic pole, the width of the second left boundary magnetic pole is equal to the width of the second right boundary magnetic pole, and the width of the second main magnetic pole (232) is greater than the width of the second left boundary magnetic pole.

4. The superconducting electric maglev track fault detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle frame system (1) comprises a vehicle body (11), a bogie (12), wheels (13) and an AC power generating device (14); the vehicle body (11) is arranged on the top of the bogie (12); the wheels (13) cooperate with the bottom of the bogie (12); a wheel hub motor (131) is arranged on the wheel (13); and the wheel hub motor (131) is electrically connected to the AC power generating device (14).

5. The superconducting electric maglev track fault detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing device comprises a filtering and amplifying device and an oscilloscope, and the filtering and amplifying device, the oscilloscope and the receiving coil (24) are electrically connected.

6. The superconducting electric maglev track fault detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (21) comprises a mounting plate (211) and an electric push rod (212); one end of the mounting plate (211) is fixedly connected to one side of the frame system (1); the other end of the mounting plate (211) is fixedly connected to the electric push rod (212); the electric push rod (212) is provided with an output end, and the output end is transmission-connected to the clamping device (22).

7. A superconducting electric maglev track fault detection method, characterized in that: The superconducting electric magnetic levitation track fault detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 above comprises: Setting a plurality of preset detection heights for the clamping device (22) via the lifting device (21); Operating the frame system (1) at different preset detection heights, and collecting different detection signals corresponding to the different preset detection heights through a signal processing device; Performing magnetic field uniformity analysis according to the different detection signals; A fault point analysis is performed on the side wall discrete 8-shaped coil track (3) according to the different detection signals.

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