Stacked structure, photovoltaic module and manufacturing method therefor

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are a stacked structure, a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method therefor. The manufacturing method for the photovoltaic module comprises: manufacturing a cell string unit; providing a cover plate, and laying a first packaging layer on one side of the cover plate; laying the cell string unit on the side of the first packaging layer away from the cover plate; laying a second packaging layer on the side of the cell string unit away from the first packaging layer; laying a back plate on the side of the second packaging layer away from the cell string unit to obtain a stacked structure; laminating the stacked structure to obtain a laminated member; and mounting a frame and a junction box on the laminated member to obtain the photovoltaic module, the manufacturing of the cell string unit comprising: providing a cell string, laying an adhesive film strip on the surface of the cell string, and performing heating and crosslinking on the cell string with the laid adhesive film strip so as to obtain the cell string unit. The manufacturing method prevents the adhesive film strip from being melted again during lamination, so as to prevent relative displacement of cells, thereby avoiding non-uniform string spacings of cell strings.

Description

Laminated structure, photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese invention patent application No. 2023109489830 filed on July 31, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of solar modules, and in particular to a stacked structure, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0004] As solar cell size increases, solar cell production increases, reducing costs. However, this also leads to increased series losses and hot spot issues. Therefore, multiple cuts, such as five- or six-cut cuts, are required to divide solar cells into smaller sizes before packaging. However, as the number of cells in a string increases, the shrinkage and fluidity of the packaging material during the lamination process can easily cause cell shifting, leading to uneven string spacing.

[0005] In the prior art, adhesive tape is used to secure battery strings, thereby resolving the problem of cell shifting. However, uneven spacing between battery strings can still occur during the lamination process. To address this, some technicians have heated predetermined areas of the backsheet encapsulation film after laying it down, causing both the predetermined areas of the film and the adhesive tape to melt and pre-crosslink, thereby pre-fixing the battery strings. However, heating predetermined areas of the backsheet encapsulation film to pre-crosslink the adhesive tape requires a high heating process for pre-crosslinking. In actual production, this heating process may not meet these requirements, resulting in cell slippage and shifting during the lamination process.

[0006] Therefore, how to solve the problem of sliding displacement of battery cells due to melting of the adhesive strips, thereby causing uneven string spacing of battery strings, remains an urgent problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on this, a stacked structure, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof are provided to solve the problem in the prior art of how to solve the sliding displacement of battery cells due to melting of the adhesive strips, thereby causing uneven string spacing of battery strings.

[0009] On the one hand, a method for preparing a photovoltaic module is provided, which comprises: preparing a battery string unit; providing a cover plate, and laying a first packaging layer on one side of the cover plate; laying the battery string unit on a side of the first packaging layer away from the cover plate; laying a second packaging layer on a side of the battery string unit away from the first packaging layer; laying a backboard on a side of the second packaging layer away from the battery string unit to obtain a stacked structure; laminating the stacked structure to obtain a laminate; installing a frame and a junction box on the laminate to obtain a photovoltaic module; wherein, preparing the battery string unit comprises: providing a battery string; laying an adhesive film strip on the surface of the battery string; and heating and cross-linking the battery string laid with the adhesive film strip to obtain the battery string unit.

[0010] In one embodiment, the adhesive film strip is laid on the surface of the middle part of the long side direction of the battery string; or the adhesive film strip is laid on the surface of the two side edges of the long side direction of the battery string; or the adhesive film strip is laid on the surface of one side edge of the long side direction of the battery string.

[0011] In one embodiment, heating and cross-linking the battery string on which the adhesive film strip is laid comprises: heating a preset position of the adhesive film strip to pre-fix it on the surface of the battery string; and heating and cross-linking the battery string pre-fixed by the adhesive film strip.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pre-fixing method is heating by a soldering iron, heating by light, or heating by baking.

[0013] In one embodiment, the heating cross-linking method is baking cross-linking or light cross-linking.

[0014] In one embodiment, the adhesive film strip is EVA, POE, EPE, PVB, epoxy resin film, acrylic film, or silicone film strip, and the heating time for baking and cross-linking is 8 min-10 min.

[0015] In one embodiment, the adhesive film strip is a pre-crosslinked material. Preferably, the pre-crosslinking degree of the pre-crosslinked material is 30%-50%, and the heating time for baking crosslinking is 1 min-3 min.

[0016] In one embodiment, the adhesive film strip is a composite adhesive film strip.

[0017] On the other hand, a stacking structure is provided, which includes: a cover plate, a first packaging layer, a battery string unit, a second packaging layer and a back plate, wherein the first packaging layer is arranged on one side of the cover plate; the battery string unit is arranged on the side of the first packaging layer away from the cover plate; the second packaging layer is arranged on the side of the battery string unit away from the first packaging layer; the back plate is arranged on the side of the second packaging layer away from the battery string unit, and the battery string unit includes a battery string and a film strip, wherein the film strip is arranged on the surface of the battery string to fix the battery string.

[0018] On the other hand, a photovoltaic module is provided, which is obtained by laminating the above-mentioned stacked structure to obtain a laminated part, and then installing a junction box and a frame.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the technical solution disclosed herein:

[0020] By placing the adhesive film strips on the surface of the cell string and heating and cross-linking the adhesive film strips, a cell string unit in which the cell string is fixed by the adhesive film strips is obtained. This cell string unit is then placed between the encapsulation layers of the photovoltaic module. The heated and cross-linked adhesive film strips will not melt again during lamination, thereby preventing relative displacement of the cell sheets and thus avoiding uneven string spacing. In particular, in this solution, directly heating and cross-linking the cell string with the adhesive film strips can achieve a better cross-linking effect and a simpler and more convenient process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stacked structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a photovoltaic module disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of step S10 in the preparation method shown in FIG2 ;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a first corresponding structure formed in step S12 of the preparation method shown in FIG3 ;

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a second corresponding structure formed in step S12 of the preparation method shown in FIG3 ;

[0026] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a third corresponding structure formed in step S12 of the preparation method shown in FIG3 ;

[0027] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding structure of the film strip in step S12 of the preparation method shown in FIG3 ;

[0028] FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of step S13 in the preparation method shown in FIG3 ;

[0029] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a first corresponding structure formed in step S131 of the preparation method shown in FIG8 ;

[0030] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a second corresponding structure formed in step S131 of the preparation method shown in FIG8 ;

[0031] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a third corresponding structure formed in step S131 of the preparation method shown in FIG8 ;

[0032] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding structure formed in step S20 of the preparation method shown in FIG2 ;

[0033] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding structure formed in step S30 of the preparation method shown in FIG2 ;

[0034] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding structure formed in step S40 in the preparation method shown in FIG2 .

[0035] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 100-stacked structure; 110-cover plate; 130-first packaging layer; 10-pressing rod; 160-battery string unit; 161-battery string; 162-shear deformation-resistant material; 163-adhesive film strip; 180-second packaging layer; 190-back sheet; S10-S70-steps of a method for preparing a photovoltaic module; S11-S13-steps of a method for preparing a battery string unit; S131-S132-steps of heating and cross-linking the battery string. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0037] It should be noted that the diagrams provided in this embodiment are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present disclosure. Therefore, the diagrams only show the components related to the present disclosure and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity and ratio of each component in actual implementation can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complex. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read. They are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present disclosure. Therefore, they have no technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and purpose of the present disclosure. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present disclosure. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be considered as the scope of the implementation of the present disclosure without substantially changing the technical content.

[0038] As the size of solar cells increases, the output of solar cells increases, which also brings about a reduction in cost, but it also brings about an increase in series losses and hot spot problems. Therefore, it is necessary to divide the solar cells into smaller sizes and then encapsulate them. However, there is generally a gap between the cells. During the lamination process, due to the shrinkage and fluidity of the encapsulation material, the problem of cell displacement is easy to occur. In the prior art, adhesive tape is used to fix the cell strings to solve the problem of cell displacement, but during the lamination process, the problem of uneven string spacing between the cell strings will still occur. To this end, some technicians have heated the predetermined area of ​​the backplane encapsulation film after laying the backplane encapsulation film, so that the predetermined area of ​​the backplane encapsulation film and the adhesive strip are melted and pre-cross-linked to pre-fix the cell string. However, heating the predetermined area of ​​the backplane encapsulation film to pre-cross-link the adhesive strip requires a high heating process for pre-cross-linking. In actual production, the cell may slide and shift during the lamination process due to failure to meet the heating process requirements. Therefore, how to solve the problem of sliding displacement of battery cells due to melting of the adhesive strips, thereby causing uneven string spacing of battery strings, remains an urgent problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0039] Based on this, the present disclosure hopes to provide a solution that can solve the above technical problems, which can solve the problem of uneven string spacing of battery strings caused by sliding displacement of battery cells due to melting of the glue strip. The details will be explained in subsequent embodiments.

[0040] The present disclosure provides a detailed description of a laminated structure, a photovoltaic module, and a method for preparing the same.

[0041] 1 is a schematic diagram of a stacked structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The present disclosure provides a stacked structure 100 , which may include at least a cover plate 110 , a first packaging layer 130 , a battery string unit 160 , a second packaging layer 180 , and a back plate 190 .

[0042] The first encapsulation layer 130 is disposed on one side of the cover plate 110. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first encapsulation layer 130 may be a single-layer or laminated adhesive film strip that is solid at room temperature and made primarily of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and / or polyolefin elastomer (POE). The cover plate 110 may be a glass plate that allows light to pass through the front of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] The battery string unit 160 is disposed on a side of the first packaging layer 130 away from the cover plate 110. The battery string unit 160 includes a battery string 161 and an adhesive film strip 163. The adhesive film strip 163 is disposed on the surface of the battery string 161. Prior to packaging, the battery string 161, covered with the adhesive film strip 163, is heated and cross-linked to produce the battery string unit 160. The heated and cross-linked adhesive film strip 163 is used to secure the battery string 161, preventing relative displacement of the battery cells during the lamination process due to the melting and flow of the adhesive film strip, which could result in uneven string spacing.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adhesive film strip 163 can be EVA, POE, polyethylene foam (Expand aple poly ephylene, EPE), polyvinyl butyral (Polyvinyl Butyral, PVB), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), epoxy resin film, acrylic film or silicone film strip.

[0045] The second encapsulation layer 180 is disposed on a side of the battery string unit 160 away from the first encapsulation layer 130. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second encapsulation layer 180 may be a single-layer adhesive film strip or a laminated adhesive film strip made of EVA and / or POE as main raw materials and solid at room temperature.

[0046] The back plate 190 is disposed on a side of the second packaging layer 180 away from the battery string unit 160 .

[0047] In summary, in the stacking structure disclosed herein, the adhesive film strips 163 provided on the surface of the battery string 161 are cross-linked before manufacturing the stacking structure 100, thereby fixing the battery cells in the battery string 161, and preventing the battery cells from being relatively displaced due to the melting and flow of the adhesive film strips 163 during the lamination process, thereby preventing the problem of uneven string spacing.

[0048] The present disclosure further provides a photovoltaic module, which is obtained by laminating the stacked structure 100 described in the embodiment shown in FIG1 to obtain a laminate, and then installing a junction box and a frame.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a process flow of a method for preparing a photovoltaic module disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the process flow of the method for preparing a photovoltaic module includes at least the following steps.

[0050] S10, preparing a battery string unit.

[0051] Please refer to FIG. 3 . In the embodiment of the present disclosure, step S10 at least includes the following steps.

[0052] S11. Provide a battery string.

[0053] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery string 161 is provided, the battery string 161 is aligned along a straight line, and the aligned battery string 161 is flattened by a pressing rod 10 to reduce the gap between the battery cells, thereby preventing relative displacement between the battery cells.

[0054] S12, laying a film strip on the surface of the battery string.

[0055] Specifically, the adhesive film strip 163 is laid on the surface of the battery string 161. The adhesive film strip 163 can be EVA, POE, EPE, PVB, epoxy resin film, acrylic film, or silicone film. Specifically, the adhesive film strip 163 can be laid on the front or back of the battery string 161.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG4 , the adhesive film strips 163 can be laid on the edge surfaces on both sides of the long side direction of the battery string 161 , and the two sides of the battery cell are heated and cross-linked to fix them, thereby solving the problem of relative displacement between the two battery cells during the lamination process.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG5 , the adhesive film strip 163 can be laid on the surface of the middle portion of the long side direction of the battery string 161 to fix the middle position of the battery cell. This arrangement can reduce the number of adhesive strips used and reduce costs without affecting the fixing effect on the battery cell.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6 , the adhesive film strip 163 may also be laid on the surface of the edge of one side in the long side direction of the battery string 161 .

[0059] It is understandable that as long as the adhesive film strip 163 is laid at any position on the surface of the battery string 161, the adhesive film strip 163 can be cross-linked in the subsequent heating and cross-linking process to fix the battery cells of the battery string 161, thereby preventing the problem of uneven spacing between the battery cells due to the melting and flow of the adhesive film strip 163 during the lamination process.

[0060] Alternatively, as shown in FIG7 , in another embodiment, the adhesive film strip 163 may be a composite adhesive film strip. The composite adhesive film strip may be formed by placing the adhesive film strip on the surface of the shear-resistant material 162, wherein the shear-resistant material 162 may be selected from PET, PP, and PA. Alternatively, the composite adhesive film strip may be prepared by adding a shear-resistant material to the adhesive film strip material. The shear-resistant material is a material that can enhance the shear resistance of the adhesive film strip, and may be selected from glass fiber and non-woven fabric.

[0061] S13, heating the battery string covered with the adhesive film strip to cross-link the adhesive film strip and to adhere and fix the battery cells to obtain the battery string unit.

[0062] Specifically, referring to FIG8 , in the embodiment of the present disclosure, step S13 at least includes the following steps.

[0063] S131 , heating the preset position of the adhesive film strip to pre-fix it on the surface of the battery string.

[0064] Specifically, as shown in Figures 9 to 11, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of laying the film strip 163 on the surface of the edges on both sides of the long side direction of the battery string 161; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of laying the film strip 163 on the surface of the middle part of the long side direction of the battery string 161; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of laying the film strip 163 on the surface of the edge on one side of the long side direction of the battery string 161.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adhesive film strip 163 is melted at a preset position by heating to generate a pre-fixing point 1631, thereby pre-fixing the adhesive film strip 163 on the surface of the battery string 161. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the heating method can be soldering iron heating, light heating, or baking heating.

[0066] By pre-melting the local position of the film strip 163 to generate the pre-fixing point 1631, the laid film strip 163 can be pre-fixed on the surface of the battery string 161 to prevent the battery string 161 from moving relative to each other, for example, when the battery string 161 is moved to the heating box.

[0067] S132, heating and cross-linking the battery string pre-fixed by the adhesive film strip to obtain the battery string unit.

[0068] In the disclosed embodiment, specifically, the battery string 161 pre-fixed by the adhesive film strip 163 is placed in a heating box for baking and cross-linking to produce the battery string unit 160, or the battery string 161 pre-fixed by the adhesive film strip 163 is placed in a light box for light cross-linking to produce the battery string unit 160. The heating time for baking and cross-linking is: 8 minutes to 10 minutes.

[0069] After baking and cross-linking, the battery string 161 has been fixed by the cross-linked film strip 163. At the same time, during the lamination process, the pre-cross-linked film strip 163 will not melt again and lose its fixation on the battery cell, but will always maintain its fixation on the battery cell, thereby preventing the problem of uneven string spacing.

[0070] Alternatively, in another embodiment, when the adhesive film strip 163 is a pre-crosslinked material, since the adhesive film strip 163 has a certain degree of crosslinking, the time required to crosslink the battery string 161 pre-fixed by the adhesive film strip 163 can be shortened, thereby improving production efficiency. The pre-crosslinking degree of the pre-crosslinked material is 30%-50%, and the heating time for the crosslinking baking is 1-3 minutes. Specifically, the pre-crosslinking degree of the pre-crosslinked material can be, for example, 30%, 36%, 40%, 45%, and 50%.

[0071] S20, providing a cover plate, and laying a first packaging layer on one side of the cover plate.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in Figure 12, in the disclosed embodiment, a cover plate 110 is provided in preparation for the subsequent fabrication of the photovoltaic module, and a first encapsulation layer 130 is applied to one side of the cover plate 110. The cover plate 110 may be a glass plate that allows light to pass through the front of the photovoltaic module. The first encapsulation layer 130 may be a single-layer adhesive film strip or a laminated adhesive film strip made primarily of EVA and / or POE, which is solid at room temperature.

[0073] S30, laying the battery string unit on a side of the first packaging layer away from the cover plate.

[0074] Specifically, as shown in FIG13 , in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery string unit 160 is laid on the side of the first packaging layer 130 away from the cover plate 110. The battery string unit 160 includes a battery string 161 and an adhesive film strip 163. The adhesive film strip 163 is provided on the edge surface of the battery string 161 to fix the battery string 161. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adhesive film strip 163 can be EVA, POE, EPE, PVB, PP, epoxy resin film, acrylic film, or silicone film strip.

[0075] S40: Laying a second packaging layer on a side of the battery string unit away from the first packaging layer.

[0076] Specifically, as shown in FIG14 , in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second encapsulation layer 180 is laid on the side of the battery string unit 160 away from the first encapsulation layer 130. The second encapsulation layer 180 may be a single-layer adhesive film strip or a laminated adhesive film strip that is solid at room temperature and made of EVA and / or POE as the main raw materials.

[0077] S50 , laying a back plate on a side of the second packaging layer away from the battery string unit to obtain a stacked structure.

[0078] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the back plate 190 is laid on a side of the second packaging layer 180 away from the battery string unit 160 to produce the stacked structure 100 .

[0079] S60, laminating the stacked structure to obtain a laminate.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, specifically, the laminated part is obtained by laminating the stacked structure 100 at a preset temperature, wherein the preset temperature may be 145°C.

[0081] It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the adhesive film strip 163 is EVA, POE, EPE, PVB, epoxy resin film, acrylic film or silicone film strip, since the melting point of the adhesive film strip 163 is lower than the lamination temperature, in order to prevent the adhesive film strip 163 from melting again during lamination and thus losing its fixing effect on the battery string 161, the adhesive film strip 163 is cross-linked.

[0082] S70, installing a frame and a junction box on the laminate to produce a photovoltaic module.

[0083] To sum up, in the preparation method of the photovoltaic module disclosed in the present invention, the battery string 161 is fixed by laying the film strip 163 on the surface of the battery string 161. At the same time, since the film strip 163 is cross-linked or the film strip 163 with a melting point higher than the lamination temperature is selected, the film strip 163 will not melt again during lamination, thereby preventing the battery cells from relative displacement, thereby avoiding uneven string spacing of the battery string 161.

[0084] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowchart of FIG2 are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in FIG2 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily to be performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0085] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0086] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present disclosure. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, the method comprising: preparing a battery string unit (160); Providing a cover plate (110), and laying a first packaging layer (130) on one side of the cover plate (110); Laying the battery string unit (160) on a side of the first packaging layer (130) away from the cover plate (110); Laying a second packaging layer (180) on a side of the battery string unit (160) away from the first packaging layer (130); Laying a back plate (190) on a side of the second packaging layer (180) away from the battery string unit (160) to obtain a stacked structure (100); laminating the stacked structure (100) to obtain a laminate; Installing a frame and a junction box on the laminate to obtain a photovoltaic module; Wherein, the preparation of the battery string unit (160) comprises: Providing a battery string (161); Laying a film strip (163) on the surface of the battery string (161); The battery string (161) on which the adhesive film strip (163) is laid is heated and cross-linked to obtain the battery string unit (160).

2. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The adhesive film strip (163) is laid on the surface of the middle part of the long side direction of the battery string (161); or The adhesive film strips (163) are laid on the surfaces of both side edges in the long side direction of the battery string (161); or The adhesive film strip (163) is laid on the surface of a single side edge in the long side direction of the battery string (161).

3. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The step of heating and cross-linking the battery string (161) provided with the adhesive film strip (163) comprises: Heating a preset position of the adhesive film strip (163) so that it is pre-fixed on the surface of the battery string (161); The battery string (161) pre-fixed by the adhesive film strip (163) is heated and cross-linked.

4. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein: The pre-fixing method is heating by soldering iron, light irradiation or baking.

5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein: The heating cross-linking method is: baking cross-linking or light cross-linking.

6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein: The adhesive film strip (163) is EVA, POE, EPE, PVB, epoxy resin film, acrylic film, or silicone film strip, and the heating time for baking and cross-linking is 8 min-10 min.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein: The adhesive film strip (163) is a pre-crosslinked material. Preferably, the pre-crosslinking degree of the pre-crosslinked material is 30%-50%, and the heating time for baking crosslinking is 1 min-3 min.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The adhesive film strip (163) is a composite adhesive film strip.

9. A stacked structure (100), comprising: A cover plate (110), a first packaging layer (130), a battery string unit (160), a second packaging layer (180) and a back plate (190), wherein: The first encapsulation layer (130) is arranged on one side of the cover plate (110); The battery string unit (160) is arranged on a side of the first packaging layer (130) away from the cover plate (110); The second packaging layer (180) is arranged on a side of the battery string unit (160) away from the first packaging layer (130); The back plate (190) is arranged on a side of the second packaging layer (180) away from the battery string unit (160); the battery string unit (160) comprises a battery string (161) and an adhesive film strip (163), wherein the adhesive film strip (163) is arranged on the battery string (161). A surface is used to fix the battery string (161).

10. A photovoltaic module, which is obtained by laminating the stacked structure (100) according to claim 9 to obtain a laminated component and then installing a junction box and a frame.

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